Unit 3 Journey into space 人与自然（单元阅读精练）英语新教材冀教版九年级下册

**基本信息** 以“太空探索”主题为线索，整合时文阅读与实战演练，通过说明文语篇系统训练阅读理解能力，融合语言知识与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇（神舟十六号授课、探索历程）|阅读理解（说明文）|围绕太空探索核心事件，从即时活动到历史进程，构建主题认知框架| |实战演练|4篇（太空种植、航行知识、航天任务、科普活动）|阅读理解（说明文）|拓展主题维度，涵盖科学实验、技术原理、任务介绍、实践活动，结合长难句与词汇梳理，强化语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 3 Journey into space人与自然 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 284 本文主要讲述了中国神舟十六号航天员团队在天宫空间站梦天实验舱向学生们进行了首次科学讲座，介绍了讲座内容、实验及空间站安全等情况。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 308 本文主要回顾了中国太空探索的发展历程，介绍了空间站等成就，并展望了未来的计划与挑战。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 278 本文介绍了中国航天员在空间站成功种植多种植物的进展，以及科学家发现地球土壤中的细菌有助于植物在月球土壤中生长的研究成果和未来计划。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 303 本文主要介绍了航天器在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 191 本文介绍了中国三项主要航天任务：天舟十号货运飞船、神舟二十二号和二十三号载人飞船以及梦舟一号载人飞船的发射地点和主要任务。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 175 本文主要介绍了国家航空航天博物馆将在周日晚上举办与航天员杨利伟对话的讲座及后续动手活动。 Passage1 Tiangong Class: A Wonderful Space Lesson天宫课堂：精彩的太空授课 China’s inorbit Shenzhou16 crew, including Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao, livestreamed the first science class from the Mengtian lab module of the China Space Station for the first time on September 21st, 2023. 2023 年 9 月 21 日，正在轨执行任务的神舟十六号乘组（景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮），在中国空间站梦天实验舱首次直播授课，开启太空课堂。 It is the fourth lecture of the “Tiangong Class” series, China’s space science education program, aiming at encouraging young people to achieve their space dreams. 这是中国太空科普教育项目 “天宫课堂” 系列的第四课，旨在鼓励青少年实现自己的航天梦想。 During the lecture, the crew showed their living and working environment in the Mengtian lab module. Connected with the Tianhe core module and Wentian lab module, Mengtian formed a basic Tshaped structure of the space station. 授课期间，航天员乘组展示了梦天实验舱内的生活与工作环境。梦天实验舱与天和核心舱、问天实验舱相连，构成了空间站基本的 T 字构型。 The crew showed several interesting experiments in the microgravity environment. For example, they showed what a candle flame looks like and its burning process. They also showed what the water surface becomes when being hit with a table tennis ball. In the third experiment, they explained the law of conservation of momentum by showing the collision of steel balls with different weights. 航天员乘组演示了微重力环境下的多项趣味实验。例如，他们展示蜡烛火焰的形态以及燃烧过程；演示乒乓球撞击水面时产生的现象；第三个实验中，通过不同质量钢球的碰撞，讲解动量守恒定律。 The crew answered questions from the students in the end. When asked whether space rubbish can be seen from the space station and how the space station protects itself, Jing said that they haven’t found any space rubbish so far. He said that space rubbish is harmful to the station, and said that the scientists on the ground will keep an eye on its movement. “Once there is a threat to the space station, action would be taken,” he said. The space station is also protected by some special equipment. “Even if we meet space rubbish, we will be safe,” he added. 最后，航天员解答了学生们的提问。当被问及能否从空间站看到太空垃圾、空间站如何开展防护时，景海鹏表示，到目前为止他们还没有看到太空垃圾。他说太空垃圾会对空间站造成危害，地面科学家会持续监测太空垃圾的运行轨迹。他说：“一旦空间站面临威胁，就会采取相应处置措施。” 空间站也配备专用防护设备。他补充道：“就算遭遇太空垃圾，我们也能够保障安全。” The Shenzhou16 crew set off to space on May 30th, 2023 and returned to the Dongfeng landing site in October of the same year. 神舟十六号乘组于 2023 年 5 月 30 日奔赴太空，并于同年 10 月返回东风着陆场。 【长难句分析】 1. China’s in‑orbit Shenzhou‑16 crew, including Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao, livestreamed the first science class from the Mengtian lab module of the China Space Station for the first time on September 21st, 2023. 翻译：2023 年 9 月 21 日，正在轨运行的神舟十六号乘组（景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮），在中国空间站梦天实验舱首次直播开设科学课堂。 重点：including…介词短语作插入语，对 crew 进行补充说明；主干：crew livestreamed the first science class；from…介词短语作地点状语；on…作时间状语。 2. It is the fourth lecture of the “Tiangong Class” series, China’s space science education program, aiming at encouraging young people to achieve their space dreams. 翻译：这是中国太空科普教育项目 “天宫课堂” 系列的第四课，旨在鼓励青少年实现他们的航天梦想。 重点：China’s space science education program作同位语，解释说明 Tiangong Class；aiming at…现在分词短语作后置状语； 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。 3. When asked whether space rubbish can be seen from the space station and how the space station protects itself, Jing said that they haven’t found any space rubbish so far. 翻译：当被问及能否从空间站看见太空垃圾以及空间站如何自我防护时，景海鹏说到目前为止他们还没有发现任何太空垃圾。 重点：When asked…是状语从句省略结构，完整为When he was asked…；whether与how引导两个并列宾语从句；主句中that引导宾语从句；so far到目前为止，常搭配现在完成时 【重难词汇梳理】 1. crew /kruː/ n. 全体机组人员；航天员 2.livestream /ˈlaɪvstriːm/ v. & n. 直播 3. module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n. 舱；模块 4. lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n. 讲座；授课 5. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；达成 6. microgravity /ˈmaɪkrəʊˈɡrævəti/ n. 微力 7. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n. 实验 8. collision /kəˈlɪʒn/ n. 碰撞 9. rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾；废弃物 10. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 11. threat /θret/ n. 威胁 12. equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n. 设备；装备 13. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 14. set off 短语动词 出发；启程 15. aim at doing sth. 旨在做某事 16. keep an eye on 密切关注；监测 17. so far 到目前为止 18. even if 即使；纵 Passage2 A Long Journey of China’s Space Exploration中国太空探索的漫长征程 China’s space exploration has come a long way. It began in 1956 when the space industry started. Since then, many great things have happened. 中国的太空探索事业取得了长足的发展。它始于 1956 年航天工业创立之时。从那以后，诞生了许许多多重大成就。 In 1970, China sent its first man‑made earth satellite into space. It was a huge milestone, because China became the fifth country in the world that could finish such a task all by itself. In 1992, China began its manned spaceflight program. After years of hard work, Shenzhou‑5, the spaceship with a person inside, flew into space in 2003. With this breakthrough, China became the third country to send humans into space, after the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and the US. Astronaut Yang Liwei was in space for 21 hours, going around the earth 14 times. His safe return made him a hero. 1970 年，中国将第一颗人造地球卫星送入太空。这是一个重大里程碑，中国由此成为世界上第五个能够独立完成这项任务的国家。1992 年，中国启动载人航天工程。经过多年艰苦奋斗，载人飞船神舟五号于 2003 年飞向太空。凭借这一突破，中国成为继前苏联和美国之后，第三个把人类送入太空的国家。航天员杨利伟在太空停留 21 小时，环绕地球 14 圈。他的平安归来让他成为一名英雄。 In 2007, Chang’e‑1 was successfully sent. It was the first Chinese satellite to travel around the moon. This was the start of China’s moon exploration. In 2013, Shenzhou‑10 was sent up. It helped get ready for the Chinese Space Station. 2007 年，嫦娥一号成功发射。它是中国首颗绕月卫星，开启了中国的探月之旅。2013 年，神舟十号发射升空，为中国空间站的建设做好准备。 The Chinese Space Station is really cool. It travels between 400 km and 450 km above the earth, at an angle (角度) of 42‑43 degrees. It can last for 10 years and can hold three people for long‑term stays. In 2021, astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo of Shenzhou‑12 went into the core module Tianhe. That was the first time Chinese astronauts entered our own space station. 中国空间站十分了不起。它在距离地球 400 至 450 千米的轨道上运行，轨道倾角为 42-43 度。空间站设计寿命可达 10 年，可容纳三名航天员长期驻留。2021 年，神舟十二号航天员聂海胜、刘伯明、汤洪波进入天和核心舱。这是中国航天员首次进入我们自己的空间站。 Though China has made amazing progress in space exploration, the journey ahead is never easy. China plans to send humans to the moon by 2030. Space exploration brings new chances for scientific development. However, it also brings plenty of challenges. Astronauts will face health risks in space, and space projects need lots of money. Every step forward calls for courage as well as careful planning. 尽管中国在太空探索领域取得了惊人的进步，但前路依旧充满挑战。中国计划到 2030 年实现载人登月。太空探索为科学发展带来新机遇，但同时也伴随着诸多挑战。航天员在太空会面临健康风险，航天项目也需要巨额资金。每向前迈出一步，既需要周密规划，也离不开勇气。This idea comes from learning from nature. We see how plants work, and we make useful things in a similar way. It shows us that smart ideas can help both people and the planet. Maybe one day, your snack bag could be planted to grow a new plant. That would be a fun way to recycle! 这个创意源于向大自然学习。我们观察植物的生长规律，用类似的方式制造实用物品。这向我们证明，巧妙的构想可以同时造福人类与地球。或许有一天，你的零食包装袋埋进土里，还能长出新植物。那将会是一种十分有趣的回收方式！ 【长难句分析】 1.It was a huge milestone, because China became the fifth country in the world that could finish such a task all by itself. 翻译：这是一个重大的里程碑，因为中国成为世界上第五个能够独立完成这项任务的国家。 重点：because 引导原因状语从句；从句内部 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the fifth country；短语 all by itself 独自、独立。 2.With this breakthrough, China became the third country to send humans into space, after the former Soviet Union and the US. 翻译：凭借这一突破，中国成为继前苏联和美国之后，第三个将人类送入太空的国家。 重点：With this breakthrough 介词短语作伴随状语；to send humans into space动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 the third country。 3.Though China has made amazing progress in space exploration, the journey ahead is never easy. 翻译：尽管中国在太空探索方面取得了惊人的进步，但未来的征程绝不会轻松。 重点：Though 引导让步状语从句，表示 “虽然、尽管”，不与 but 连用；现在完成时has made amazing progress强调已经取得的成果。 【重难词汇梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索；探测 2.satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 卫星 3.milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n. 里程碑 4.manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的 5.breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 突破 6.astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ n. 宇航员；航天员 7.module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n. 舱；模块 8.progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 进步（不可数） 9.challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 10.risk /rɪsk/ n. 风险；危险 11.courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气 12.industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；行业 13.project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 项目；工程 14.angle /ˈæŋɡl/ n. 角度 Passage1 Since the astronauts stay in space for a longer and longer time, carrying all food to space becomes more and more difficult. So, “space planting” becomes very important. The Shenzhou XI astronauts succeeded in growing lettuce in the space station, from sowing to harvest. After that, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice. The most recent visitors to China’s space station, the Shenzhou XVII astronauts are now growing lettuce and cherry tomatoes. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. Now the astronauts want to step out of the space station and find out the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study by Chinese scientists has found that bacteria in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University found out three kinds of bacteria from the Earth soil were good for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with the bacteria in the space station. They found that after six days of growth, the plants had longer stems and roots than those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of chlorophyll in the model plants were much higher than those grown without bacteria. “The study results are very important for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said. Bacteria in the Earth soil may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their following research, they will work closely with astronauts and hope to grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes with real lunar soil samples. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Wheat is the first plant to grow in China’s space station. B．Space gardens provide astronauts with food, light and water. C．Chinese astronauts have made some progress in space planting. D．Chinese astronauts have grown some plants on the moon successfully. 2．What could make it possible to grow plants on the moon? A．Bacteria from the Earth soil. B．Bacteria from the lunar soil. C．Earth soil. D．Lunar soil. 3．Paragraph 4 tells us lunar soil with the bacteria can _________. A．make the plants’ stems shorter B．make the plants grow better C．make the plants’ leaves lighter D．make levels of chlorophyll lower 4．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Researchers. B．Astronauts. C．Visitors. D．Farmers. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国航天员在空间站成功种植多种植物的进展，以及科学家发现地球土壤中的细菌有助于植物在月球土壤中生长的研究成果和未来计划。 【详解】1．根据文章第1段“The Shenzhou XI astronauts succeeded in growing lettuce in the space station, from sowing to harvest. After that, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice.”，可推知中国航天员在太空种植方面取得了一些进展。 2．根据文章第3段“A new study by Chinese scientists has found that bacteria in soil from Earth could offer a solution.”，可推知来自地球土壤的细菌使在月球上种植植物成为可能。 3．根据文章第4段“They found that after six days of growth, the plants had longer stems and roots than those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves...”，可推知含有细菌的月球土壤能让植物生长得更好。 4．根据文章第5段“The study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said. ... In their following research, they will work closely with astronauts...”，可推知they指的是进行研究的研究人员。 Passage2 Space Traveller’s Training Book As you know, a straight line is the shortest distance between two points, and you should always watch where you are going. However, once a spacecraft leaves Earth, many rules about travelling may stop working. Now forget all that. Let’s begin our training!1. To Go Faster, Go Farther To get from point a to b, a spacecraft doesn’t always travel straight in space. That —1— is because of the strong force of huge objects around it. The force pulls it into a curved orbit. In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel to offset the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination. Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner. 2. To Go Forward, Look Backward This sounds really strange On Earth, we —2— usually travel by watching the road ahead. We change our speed or direction according to how close we are to the final position. But in space, it is just the opposite. Most spacecraft never “see” where they’re going or where they will arrive. For example, a spacecraft doesn’t see the Moon or other planets getting close. How does it know whether to go forward or not? A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from —3— where it started. The starting point is usually Earth. 3. ▲ We can use a signal travelling at light-speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed. Your training is complete. Good luck! —4— 1．What can we know about a spacecraft from Part 1 “To Go Faster, Go Farther”? A．It goes a shorter way to arrive sooner. B．The force from Earth decides its orbit. C．Flying in curved orbit is a better way. D．It uses less fuel to fly straight in space. 2．What does the underlined word “destination” mean? A．Something that provides more fuel. B．A place where someone is going. C．Something that people hope to achieve. D．A road that people take to reach a place. 3．Why does a spacecraft look backward when travelling in space? A．To know how far it has travelled. B．To remember the way it has flown. C．To find out where other planets are. D．To take a look at our beautiful Earth. 4．Which can be put in ▲ ? A．To Return to Earth, Send a Signal B．To Check Speed, Time a Signal C．To Know Speed, Go Back to Earth D．To Go Faster, Move at Light-speed 5．What’s the purpose of the training book? A．To show different parts in a spacecraft. B．To remind people of the danger in space. C．To introduce basic facts about space travel. D．To describe key steps in designing a spacecraft. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了航天器在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。 【详解】1．根据第1部分中“By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination. Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner.”可知，虽然沿弯曲轨道飞行的路程更长，但是航天器消耗更少的燃料，还可以更快抵达目标，所以沿着弯曲轨道飞行是一种更好的航行方式。 2．根据第1部分中“In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel to offset the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.”可知，航天器选择弯曲轨道的最终目的就是飞到自己计划去往的位置，由此可以判断destination代表某人将要前往的地点。 3．根据第2部分中“A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from where it started.”可知，航天器在太空中无法看见前方道路，它只能依靠自己距离起点的路程，来判断自身所处的位置以及已经飞行了多远，所以它要回顾自己走过的路程。 4．根据第3部分中“We can use a signal travelling at light‑speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed.”可知，本段完整介绍了航天器向地球发射信号，通过测算信号往返花费的时长，进而计算出航天器飞行速度的方法，因此小标题选“To Check Speed, Time a Signal”最为合适。 5．通读全文可知，整篇文章分别从提速远航、向前航行向后观测、借助信号测速三个板块讲解太空航行的原理，属于太空旅行相关的科普知识，由此可知这份训练手册的写作目的就是介绍有关太空旅行的基础事实与常识。 Passage3 Tianzhou-10 cargo mission Launch venue: Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, S China’s Hainan Province Main tasks: sending supplies such as food, spacesuits (for spacewalks), repair parts and fuel to keep the space station running safely. It will also carry equipment for science projects. Shenzhou-22 and Shenzhou-23 manned missions Launch venue: Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, NW China’s Gansu Province Main tasks: Shenzhou-22 will connect to the side part of the space station’s main module , and Shenzhou-23 will connect to the front part. One taikonaut from Shenzhou-22 will stay in space for over a year to test long-term living there. The tasks will also include doing spacewalks, moving equipment through the station’s cargo hatch , doing science and technology tests, maintaining the station, and carrying out space education activities.Mengzhou-1 mission Launch venue: Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, S China’s Hainan Province Main tasks: The Mengzhou-1 crewed spaceship will make its first flight on the Long March-10A rocket. It will verify whether the spaceship works well. It will also carry environment-test supplies, tech-test equipment, astronauts’ daily necessities, and test devices for science projects. Note: Taikonauts is a mix word of “Taikong” in Chinese and “astronauts” in English. 1．Which of the following questions does the passage mainly answer? A．Where are China’s launch sites located? B．What are China’s main space missions for 2026? C．How do astronauts prepare for spacewalks? D．Why is the Mengzhou-1 spaceship important? 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There are four parts in the passage. B．All spaceships will be launched from Hainan. C．The Tianzhou-10 will carry taikonauts. D．One Shenzhou-22 taikonaut will have many jobs to do. 3．The underlined word “verify” in the passage probably means “________”. A．wait B．check C．travel D．keep 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国三项主要航天任务：天舟十号货运飞船、神舟二十二号和二十三号载人飞船以及梦舟一号载人飞船的发射地点和主要任务。 【详解】1．文章分别介绍了天舟十号、神舟二十二号/二十三号和梦舟一号三项任务的信息。由此推断，文章主要回答的是“中国2026年的主要太空任务是什么？”。 2．文章“Shenzhou-22 and Shenzhou-23 manned missions”部分指出“The tasks will also include doing spacewalks, moving equipment...maintaining the station, and carrying out space education activities.”，直接说明神舟二十二号的航天员将有许多工作要做。 3．文章“Mengzhou-1 mission”部分指出“It will verify whether the spaceship works well.”，结合上下文是对飞船进行测试，可以推断“verify”意为“检查”。 Passage4 National Air and Space MuseumCome and experience the fun of space exploration this weekend! Our guest of the talk:Yang Liwei Date of Birth: June 21, 1965 Awards: “Space hero” Medal Mission: Shenzhou 5 Sunday, November 9th Events: A Conversation With China’s First Astronaut 6:30 p.m.How to join: The talk is free. You can join us at the museum (200 people only. First come, first served) or watch the live stream on our website. Hands-on Activities (After the talk) 7:30 p.m.—9:30 p.m.Build Your Rocket Model: Design and build a small rocket. The best design will win a prize! Space Food Tasting: Try the special food that astronauts eat in space. VR Moon Walk: Put on a VR headset and experience what it’s like to walk on the Moon! Important NotesFor the VR Moon Walk, you must be over 8 years old. Please book your free ticket online as early as possible. The museum is a non-smoking area. Feel free to take photos, but please turn off the light of your phones or cameras during the talk. 1．When will the event be held? A．This Saturday morning. B．Next Saturday morning. C．This Sunday evening. D．Next Sunday evening. 2．How many people can take part in the talk in the museum? A．At least two hundred. B．At least two thousand. C．At most two hundred. D．At most two thousand. 3．What can you do if you arrive at the museum at 8:00 p.m.? A．Join in a DIY rocket model project. B．Try some Chinese food. C．Listen to Yang Liwei’s talk. D．Watch a movie about the moon. 4．What’s TRUE according to the notes? A．Everyone can join in the VR walk. B．You need to buy tickets early. C．You can’t smoke in the museum. D．You can’t take photos. 5．What is the main purpose of the poster? A．To sell tickets for a museum exhibition. B．To introduce activities in the NAS Museum. C．To tell China’s space development history. D．To report the latest news about space exploration. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了国家航空航天博物馆将在周日晚上举办与航天员杨利伟对话的讲座及后续动手活动。 【详解】1．根据海报中“Sunday, November 9th”以及“6:30 p.m.”可知，活动日期是11月9日 (周日) 晚上。故选C。 2．根据“How to join”部分中“200 people only. First come, first served”可知，现场最多容纳200人参与讲座。故选C。 3．根据“Hands-on Activities (After the talk) 7:30 p.m.-9:30 p.m.”可知，晚上8点处于动手活动时段；结合活动列表中的“Build Your Rocket Model”可知，此时可参与火箭模型制作项目。故选A。 4．根据“Important Notes”中“The museum is a non-smoking area.”可知，博物馆内禁止吸烟，C项表述正确。故选C。 5．通读全文可知，海报主要介绍博物馆举办的讲座、体验活动及相关参与信息，旨在宣传推广该系列活动。故选B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Journey into space人与自然 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 284 本文主要讲述了中国神舟十六号航天员团队在天宫空间站梦天实验舱向学生们进行了首次科学讲座，介绍了讲座内容、实验及空间站安全等情况。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 308 本文主要回顾了中国太空探索的发展历程，介绍了空间站等成就，并展望了未来的计划与挑战。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 278 本文介绍了中国航天员在空间站成功种植多种植物的进展，以及科学家发现地球土壤中的细菌有助于植物在月球土壤中生长的研究成果和未来计划。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 303 本文主要介绍了航天器在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 191 本文介绍了中国三项主要航天任务：天舟十号货运飞船、神舟二十二号和二十三号载人飞船以及梦舟一号载人飞船的发射地点和主要任务。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 175 本文主要介绍了国家航空航天博物馆将在周日晚上举办与航天员杨利伟对话的讲座及后续动手活动。 Passage1 Tiangong Class: A Wonderful Space Lesson天宫课堂：精彩的太空授课 China’s inorbit Shenzhou16 crew, including Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao, livestreamed the first science class from the Mengtian lab module of the China Space Station for the first time on September 21st, 2023. 2023 年 9 月 21 日，正在轨执行任务的神舟十六号乘组（景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮），在中国空间站梦天实验舱首次直播授课，开启太空课堂。 It is the fourth lecture of the “Tiangong Class” series, China’s space science education program, aiming at encouraging young people to achieve their space dreams. 这是中国太空科普教育项目 “天宫课堂” 系列的第四课，旨在鼓励青少年实现自己的航天梦想。 During the lecture, the crew showed their living and working environment in the Mengtian lab module. Connected with the Tianhe core module and Wentian lab module, Mengtian formed a basic Tshaped structure of the space station. 授课期间，航天员乘组展示了梦天实验舱内的生活与工作环境。梦天实验舱与天和核心舱、问天实验舱相连，构成了空间站基本的 T 字构型。 The crew showed several interesting experiments in the microgravity environment. For example, they showed what a candle flame looks like and its burning process. They also showed what the water surface becomes when being hit with a table tennis ball. In the third experiment, they explained the law of conservation of momentum by showing the collision of steel balls with different weights. 航天员乘组演示了微重力环境下的多项趣味实验。例如，他们展示蜡烛火焰的形态以及燃烧过程；演示乒乓球撞击水面时产生的现象；第三个实验中，通过不同质量钢球的碰撞，讲解动量守恒定律。 The crew answered questions from the students in the end. When asked whether space rubbish can be seen from the space station and how the space station protects itself, Jing said that they haven’t found any space rubbish so far. He said that space rubbish is harmful to the station, and said that the scientists on the ground will keep an eye on its movement. “Once there is a threat to the space station, action would be taken,” he said. The space station is also protected by some special equipment. “Even if we meet space rubbish, we will be safe,” he added. 最后，航天员解答了学生们的提问。当被问及能否从空间站看到太空垃圾、空间站如何开展防护时，景海鹏表示，到目前为止他们还没有看到太空垃圾。他说太空垃圾会对空间站造成危害，地面科学家会持续监测太空垃圾的运行轨迹。他说：“一旦空间站面临威胁，就会采取相应处置措施。” 空间站也配备专用防护设备。他补充道：“就算遭遇太空垃圾，我们也能够保障安全。” The Shenzhou16 crew set off to space on May 30th, 2023 and returned to the Dongfeng landing site in October of the same year. 神舟十六号乘组于 2023 年 5 月 30 日奔赴太空，并于同年 10 月返回东风着陆场。 【长难句分析】 1. China’s in‑orbit Shenzhou‑16 crew, including Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao, livestreamed the first science class from the Mengtian lab module of the China Space Station for the first time on September 21st, 2023. 翻译：2023 年 9 月 21 日，正在轨运行的神舟十六号乘组（景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮），在中国空间站梦天实验舱首次直播开设科学课堂。 重点：including…介词短语作插入语，对 crew 进行补充说明；主干：crew livestreamed the first science class；from…介词短语作地点状语；on…作时间状语。 2. It is the fourth lecture of the “Tiangong Class” series, China’s space science education program, aiming at encouraging young people to achieve their space dreams. 翻译：这是中国太空科普教育项目 “天宫课堂” 系列的第四课，旨在鼓励青少年实现他们的航天梦想。 重点：China’s space science education program作同位语，解释说明 Tiangong Class；aiming at…现在分词短语作后置状语； 固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。 3. When asked whether space rubbish can be seen from the space station and how the space station protects itself, Jing said that they haven’t found any space rubbish so far. 翻译：当被问及能否从空间站看见太空垃圾以及空间站如何自我防护时，景海鹏说到目前为止他们还没有发现任何太空垃圾。 重点：When asked…是状语从句省略结构，完整为When he was asked…；whether与how引导两个并列宾语从句；主句中that引导宾语从句；so far到目前为止，常搭配现在完成时 【重难词汇梳理】 1. crew /kruː/ n. 全体机组人员；航天员 2.livestream /ˈlaɪvstriːm/ v. & n. 直播 3. module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n. 舱；模块 4. lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/ n. 讲座；授课 5. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；达成 6. microgravity /ˈmaɪkrəʊˈɡrævəti/ n. 微力 7. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n. 实验 8. collision /kəˈlɪʒn/ n. 碰撞 9. rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾；废弃物 10. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/ adj. 有害的 11. threat /θret/ n. 威胁 12. equipment /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ n. 设备；装备 13. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 14. set off 短语动词 出发；启程 15. aim at doing sth. 旨在做某事 16. keep an eye on 密切关注；监测 17. so far 到目前为止 18. even if 即使；纵 Passage2 A Long Journey of China’s Space Exploration中国太空探索的漫长征程 China’s space exploration has come a long way. It began in 1956 when the space industry started. Since then, many great things have happened. 中国的太空探索事业取得了长足的发展。它始于 1956 年航天工业创立之时。从那以后，诞生了许许多多重大成就。 In 1970, China sent its first man‑made earth satellite into space. It was a huge milestone, because China became the fifth country in the world that could finish such a task all by itself. In 1992, China began its manned spaceflight program. After years of hard work, Shenzhou‑5, the spaceship with a person inside, flew into space in 2003. With this breakthrough, China became the third country to send humans into space, after the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and the US. Astronaut Yang Liwei was in space for 21 hours, going around the earth 14 times. His safe return made him a hero. 1970 年，中国将第一颗人造地球卫星送入太空。这是一个重大里程碑，中国由此成为世界上第五个能够独立完成这项任务的国家。1992 年，中国启动载人航天工程。经过多年艰苦奋斗，载人飞船神舟五号于 2003 年飞向太空。凭借这一突破，中国成为继前苏联和美国之后，第三个把人类送入太空的国家。航天员杨利伟在太空停留 21 小时，环绕地球 14 圈。他的平安归来让他成为一名英雄。 In 2007, Chang’e‑1 was successfully sent. It was the first Chinese satellite to travel around the moon. This was the start of China’s moon exploration. In 2013, Shenzhou‑10 was sent up. It helped get ready for the Chinese Space Station. 2007 年，嫦娥一号成功发射。它是中国首颗绕月卫星，开启了中国的探月之旅。2013 年，神舟十号发射升空，为中国空间站的建设做好准备。 The Chinese Space Station is really cool. It travels between 400 km and 450 km above the earth, at an angle (角度) of 42‑43 degrees. It can last for 10 years and can hold three people for long‑term stays. In 2021, astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo of Shenzhou‑12 went into the core module Tianhe. That was the first time Chinese astronauts entered our own space station. 中国空间站十分了不起。它在距离地球 400 至 450 千米的轨道上运行，轨道倾角为 42-43 度。空间站设计寿命可达 10 年，可容纳三名航天员长期驻留。2021 年，神舟十二号航天员聂海胜、刘伯明、汤洪波进入天和核心舱。这是中国航天员首次进入我们自己的空间站。 Though China has made amazing progress in space exploration, the journey ahead is never easy. China plans to send humans to the moon by 2030. Space exploration brings new chances for scientific development. However, it also brings plenty of challenges. Astronauts will face health risks in space, and space projects need lots of money. Every step forward calls for courage as well as careful planning. 尽管中国在太空探索领域取得了惊人的进步，但前路依旧充满挑战。中国计划到 2030 年实现载人登月。太空探索为科学发展带来新机遇，但同时也伴随着诸多挑战。航天员在太空会面临健康风险，航天项目也需要巨额资金。每向前迈出一步，既需要周密规划，也离不开勇气。This idea comes from learning from nature. We see how plants work, and we make useful things in a similar way. It shows us that smart ideas can help both people and the planet. Maybe one day, your snack bag could be planted to grow a new plant. That would be a fun way to recycle! 这个创意源于向大自然学习。我们观察植物的生长规律，用类似的方式制造实用物品。这向我们证明，巧妙的构想可以同时造福人类与地球。或许有一天，你的零食包装袋埋进土里，还能长出新植物。那将会是一种十分有趣的回收方式！ 【长难句分析】 1.It was a huge milestone, because China became the fifth country in the world that could finish such a task all by itself. 翻译：这是一个重大的里程碑，因为中国成为世界上第五个能够独立完成这项任务的国家。 重点：because 引导原因状语从句；从句内部 that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the fifth country；短语 all by itself 独自、独立。 2.With this breakthrough, China became the third country to send humans into space, after the former Soviet Union and the US. 翻译：凭借这一突破，中国成为继前苏联和美国之后，第三个将人类送入太空的国家。 重点：With this breakthrough 介词短语作伴随状语；to send humans into space动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 the third country。 3.Though China has made amazing progress in space exploration, the journey ahead is never easy. 翻译：尽管中国在太空探索方面取得了惊人的进步，但未来的征程绝不会轻松。 重点：Though 引导让步状语从句，表示 “虽然、尽管”，不与 but 连用；现在完成时has made amazing progress强调已经取得的成果。 【重难词汇梳理】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索；探测 2.satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 卫星 3.milestone /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ n. 里程碑 4.manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的 5.breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 突破 6.astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ n. 宇航员；航天员 7.module /ˈmɒdjuːl/ n. 舱；模块 8.progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 进步（不可数） 9.challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 10.risk /rɪsk/ n. 风险；危险 11.courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ n. 勇气 12.industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；行业 13.project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 项目；工程 14.angle /ˈæŋɡl/ n. 角度 Passage1 Since the astronauts stay in space for a longer and longer time, carrying all food to space becomes more and more difficult. So, “space planting” becomes very important. The Shenzhou XI astronauts succeeded in growing lettuce in the space station, from sowing to harvest. After that, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice. The most recent visitors to China’s space station, the Shenzhou XVII astronauts are now growing lettuce and cherry tomatoes. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. Now the astronauts want to step out of the space station and find out the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study by Chinese scientists has found that bacteria in soil from Earth could offer a solution. Researchers from China Agricultural University found out three kinds of bacteria from the Earth soil were good for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with the bacteria in the space station. They found that after six days of growth, the plants had longer stems and roots than those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of chlorophyll in the model plants were much higher than those grown without bacteria. “The study results are very important for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher, Sun Zhencai said. Bacteria in the Earth soil may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their following research, they will work closely with astronauts and hope to grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes with real lunar soil samples. 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Wheat is the first plant to grow in China’s space station. B．Space gardens provide astronauts with food, light and water. C．Chinese astronauts have made some progress in space planting. D．Chinese astronauts have grown some plants on the moon successfully. 2．What could make it possible to grow plants on the moon? A．Bacteria from the Earth soil. B．Bacteria from the lunar soil. C．Earth soil. D．Lunar soil. 3．Paragraph 4 tells us lunar soil with the bacteria can _________. A．make the plants’ stems shorter B．make the plants grow better C．make the plants’ leaves lighter D．make levels of chlorophyll lower 4．What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Researchers. B．Astronauts. C．Visitors. D．Farmers. Passage2 Space Traveller’s Training Book As you know, a straight line is the shortest distance between two points, and you should always watch where you are going. However, once a spacecraft leaves Earth, many rules about travelling may stop working. Now forget all that. Let’s begin our training!1. To Go Faster, Go Farther To get from point a to b, a spacecraft doesn’t always travel straight in space. That —1— is because of the strong force of huge objects around it. The force pulls it into a curved orbit. In theory, a spacecraft could fly straight all the time, but this would require too much fuel to offset the force. Luckily, there is a better way. By following a long curved orbit, a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination. Although the trip is longer, the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner. 2. To Go Forward, Look Backward This sounds really strange On Earth, we —2— usually travel by watching the road ahead. We change our speed or direction according to how close we are to the final position. But in space, it is just the opposite. Most spacecraft never “see” where they’re going or where they will arrive. For example, a spacecraft doesn’t see the Moon or other planets getting close. How does it know whether to go forward or not? A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from —3— where it started. The starting point is usually Earth. 3. ▲ We can use a signal travelling at light-speed to check the speed. A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth. By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft, we can work out the speed. Your training is complete. Good luck! —4— 1．What can we know about a spacecraft from Part 1 “To Go Faster, Go Farther”? A．It goes a shorter way to arrive sooner. B．The force from Earth decides its orbit. C．Flying in curved orbit is a better way. D．It uses less fuel to fly straight in space. 2．What does the underlined word “destination” mean? A．Something that provides more fuel. B．A place where someone is going. C．Something that people hope to achieve. D．A road that people take to reach a place. 3．Why does a spacecraft look backward when travelling in space? A．To know how far it has travelled. B．To remember the way it has flown. C．To find out where other planets are. D．To take a look at our beautiful Earth. 4．Which can be put in ▲ ? A．To Return to Earth, Send a Signal B．To Check Speed, Time a Signal C．To Know Speed, Go Back to Earth D．To Go Faster, Move at Light-speed 5．What’s the purpose of the training book? A．To show different parts in a spacecraft. B．To remind people of the danger in space. C．To introduce basic facts about space travel. D．To describe key steps in designing a spacecraft. Passage3 Tianzhou-10 cargo mission Launch venue: Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, S China’s Hainan Province Main tasks: sending supplies such as food, spacesuits (for spacewalks), repair parts and fuel to keep the space station running safely. It will also carry equipment for science projects. Shenzhou-22 and Shenzhou-23 manned missions Launch venue: Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, NW China’s Gansu Province Main tasks: Shenzhou-22 will connect to the side part of the space station’s main module , and Shenzhou-23 will connect to the front part. One taikonaut from Shenzhou-22 will stay in space for over a year to test long-term living there. The tasks will also include doing spacewalks, moving equipment through the station’s cargo hatch , doing science and technology tests, maintaining the station, and carrying out space education activities.Mengzhou-1 mission Launch venue: Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, S China’s Hainan Province Main tasks: The Mengzhou-1 crewed spaceship will make its first flight on the Long March-10A rocket. It will verify whether the spaceship works well. It will also carry environment-test supplies, tech-test equipment, astronauts’ daily necessities, and test devices for science projects. Note: Taikonauts is a mix word of “Taikong” in Chinese and “astronauts” in English. 1．Which of the following questions does the passage mainly answer? A．Where are China’s launch sites located? B．What are China’s main space missions for 2026? C．How do astronauts prepare for spacewalks? D．Why is the Mengzhou-1 spaceship important? 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There are four parts in the passage. B．All spaceships will be launched from Hainan. C．The Tianzhou-10 will carry taikonauts. D．One Shenzhou-22 taikonaut will have many jobs to do. 3．The underlined word “verify” in the passage probably means “________”. A．wait B．check C．travel D．keep Passage4 National Air and Space MuseumCome and experience the fun of space exploration this weekend! Our guest of the talk:Yang Liwei Date of Birth: June 21, 1965 Awards: “Space hero” Medal Mission: Shenzhou 5 Sunday, November 9th Events: A Conversation With China’s First Astronaut 6:30 p.m.How to join: The talk is free. You can join us at the museum (200 people only. First come, first served) or watch the live stream on our website. Hands-on Activities (After the talk) 7:30 p.m.—9:30 p.m.Build Your Rocket Model: Design and build a small rocket. The best design will win a prize! Space Food Tasting: Try the special food that astronauts eat in space. VR Moon Walk: Put on a VR headset and experience what it’s like to walk on the Moon! Important NotesFor the VR Moon Walk, you must be over 8 years old. Please book your free ticket online as early as possible. The museum is a non-smoking area. Feel free to take photos, but please turn off the light of your phones or cameras during the talk. 1．When will the event be held? A．This Saturday morning. B．Next Saturday morning. C．This Sunday evening. D．Next Sunday evening. 2．How many people can take part in the talk in the museum? A．At least two hundred. B．At least two thousand. C．At most two hundred. D．At most two thousand. 3．What can you do if you arrive at the museum at 8:00 p.m.? A．Join in a DIY rocket model project. B．Try some Chinese food. C．Listen to Yang Liwei’s talk. D．Watch a movie about the moon. 4．What’s TRUE according to the notes? A．Everyone can join in the VR walk. B．You need to buy tickets early. C．You can’t smoke in the museum. D．You can’t take photos. 5．What is the main purpose of the poster? A．To sell tickets for a museum exhibition. B．To introduce activities in the NAS Museum. C．To tell China’s space development history. D．To report the latest news about space exploration. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $