Unit 6 课时4 Writing Discovery&Project（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级上册

Unit 6 Mountains and rivers 课时4 Writing&Discovery Project（分层作业） 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 一、核心词汇 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊叹的 scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景，景色 postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 trip /trɪp/ n. 旅行，旅程 waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的，激动的 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 along /əˈlɒŋ/ prep. 沿着，顺着 turn /tɜːn/ v. 转弯，转向 reach /riːtʃ/ v. 到达，抵达 silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/ adj. 银色的 belt /belt/ n. 带子，带状物 poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 glow /ɡləʊ/ v. 发光，闪耀 mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ n. 山，山脉 flow /fləʊ/ v. 流动 hope /həʊp/ v. 希望 poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 smoke /sməʊk/ n. 烟，烟雾 mountain-top n. 山顶 peak /piːk/ n. 山峰 sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/ n. 阳光 valley /ˈvæli/ n. 山谷 stretch /stretʃ/ v. 延伸，伸展 beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在……下面 torrent /ˈtɒrənt/ n. 急流，洪流 drop /drɒp/ v. 落下，掉下 thousand /ˈθaʊznd/ num. 千 milkway /ˈmɪlkweɪ/ n. 银河 spill /spɪl/ v. 溢出，洒 earth /ɜːθ/ n. 地球，大地 heaven /ˈhevn/ n. 天空，天堂 stream /striːm/ n. 小溪，溪流 loud /laʊd/ adj. 响亮的，大声的 splash /splæʃ/ v. 飞溅，溅起 vast /vɑːst/ adj. 广阔的，辽阔的 rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量，雨水 二、核心短语 amazing scenery 令人惊叹的风景 write a postcard to your friend 给朋友写一张明信片 on a trip 在旅行中 watch the Hukou Waterfalls 观看壶口瀑布 along the Yellow River 沿着黄河 turn left and right 蜿蜒曲折 reach the Bohai Gulf 到达渤海湾 like a silver belt 像一条银色带子 understand the poem 理解这首诗 behind the mountain 在山后 come here one day 有一天来这里 mountains and rivers in poems 诗中的山水 purple smoke rises 紫烟升起 in the sunlight 在阳光下 stretch beneath me 在我脚下延伸 drop straight down 直泻而下 the Milky Way 银河 from the earth to the heavens 从人间到天上 from the sunny valleys 从阳光灿烂的山谷 into the open sea 进入开阔的大海 the wind in my grey nostrils 风吹进我灰白的鼻孔 endless valleys 无边的山谷 the salty waves 咸涩的海浪 as fresh as the rainfall 像雨后一样清新 一、翻译练习 1.我正在旅行，想给最好的朋友寄一张明信片。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.看到壶口瀑布的那一刻，我特别激动。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.黄河两岸的环境非常美丽。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.这条河蜿蜒流过群山，最后汇入大海。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.在远处，海面像一条银色的带子。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.读完这首诗，我开始理解诗人的感受。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.太阳落山后，山间仍然闪耀着柔和的光芒。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.我希望有一天能和你一起游览这里。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.李白的诗常常描写高山和大河的壮丽景色。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.瀑布从高处直泻而下，声音巨大。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.诗人把瀑布比作从天上落下的银河。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.那条小溪从山谷流出，最终汇入大海。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.广阔的大海和蔚蓝的天空让我感到自由。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.这首诗里的山水画面非常生动。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.他的诗像雨后的彩虹一样清新美丽。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、长难句剖析 例句 1 Do you know where I am? I’m watching the Hukou Waterfalls! 例句 2 I love the beautiful environment along the Yellow River. 例句 3 The river turns left and right, reaching the sea like a silver belt. 例句 4 Now I can understand the poem: The sun behind the mountain glows, and down to the sea the Yellow River flows. 例句 5 The torrent drops straight down three thousand feet. I think it must be the Milky Way spilling from the heavens. Passage 1 The Dead Sea is in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. The Jordan River runs into it. It’s a lake with about 30% salt. The lake is 400 meters below sea level (海平面). Every year, it has little rain. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea makes the fresh water evaporate (蒸发) quickly. So the salt concentration (浓度) becomes high. Because of the high concentration, it is difficult to find any sea life in the sea. Even the plants can’t grow near it. That’s why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t be afraid of the name. When you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. You can float on the water instead. The water is blue and clear. Today, the Dead Sea faces many problems. It gets only 50mm of rain each year. What’s worse, now people take too much water from the Jordan River to drink and grow crops. The Dead Sea is becoming smaller year by year... 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing some facts. B．By asking questions. C．By telling a story. D．By giving examples. 2．What makes the Dead Sea have such a high salt concentration according to Paragraph 2? ①Its location (位置).    ②Little rain.    ③Hot weather.    ④Human activities. A．②③④ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 3．The underlined word “float” means “_________” in Chinese. A．攀岩 B．下沉 C．漂浮 D．飞翔 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Why Can People Float in the Dead Sea B．Facts and Problems of the Dead Sea C．The Salt Concentration of the Dead Sea D．The Jordan River Runs into the Dead Sea Passage 2 Welcome to Qomolangma! It’s the highest mountain on the Earth. Here, you can see snowy mountains under the blue sky. ② The top of the earth Qomolangma means “mother of the earth”. In the West, people also call it Mount Everest. It is on the border (边界) of Nepal and China. It is part of the Himalaya Mountains. It is about 8848.86 meters tall. That is almost as high as airplanes fly. ③ Climbing Qomolangma Every September and October, hundreds of climbers from around the world come here. They wear warm clothes, sunglasses, and take tents. They usually climb in groups. ④ How’s the Weather? It is always very cold and windy here. There is snow everywhere. The wind blows all year round. In winter, the lowest temperature can be -60℃. ⑤ Yaks (牦牛) It is very cold here, with little oxygen (氧气). Yaks may be the only animals you can find. They have long hair to keep warm. They are very powerful and can walk on small paths, so people call yaks “the ships of the highland”. 1．Which is the right picture of Qomolangma? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do people call yaks “the ships of the highland”? A．They look like ships. B．People keep them for milk and meat. C．They can walk safely on small roads. D．They have long hair to keep warm. 3．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③/④/⑤ C．①②/③④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 4．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To show the terrible weather on Qomolangma. B．To make us know more about Qomolangma. C．To explain why yaks live on high mountains. D．To talk about different mountains in the world. Passage 3 China has many places of interest. You can have great tours in every season. Spring is the best time to visit Wuyuan in Jiangxi. The yellow flowers all over the hills make the villages look like a fairy-tale (童话的) world. You’ll have free time to walk across the beautiful countryside and enjoy the famous tea. The best time to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin is August. It’s usually sunny. Why not go to the Valley Float Stone Forest (石林) and Heaven Lake (天池) at the top? You’ll have time to take lots of photos. You can see all the colours of autumn near the Great Wall. It’s cool and dry, so it’s great for hiking (徒步旅行). You’d better walk on the Mutianyu Great Wall. There won’t be as many tourists as at the Badaling Great Wall, but it’s just beautiful. Sanya in Hainan is a great destination for a holiday in winter. You can get away from the cold. The three famous beaches, Yalong Bay Beach, Sanya Bay Beach and Dadonghai Beach, all have great sand. You’ll love swimming in the clear water. You can have a great time in different seasons! 1．What is a special activity you can enjoy in Wuyuan, Jiangxi? A．Playing on the beaches. B．Hiking along the Great Wall. C．Taking lots of beautiful photos. D．Walking across the countryside. 2．It’s best to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin in ________. A．March B．May C．August D．December 3．Why is the Mutianyu Great Wall recommended for a visit in autumn? A．It is warmer and drier. B．There are more tourists. C．It is cooler and less crowded. D．It has more entertainment facilities (设施). 4．The underlined word “destination” means ________. A．the place that someone is going to B．the place where people can buy foods C．a city which is suitable for swimming D．a holiday that lasts for a long time 5．Which activity is suggested when people visit the beaches in Sanya, Hainan? A．Climbing mountains. B．Swimming in clear water. C．Taking a ferry (渡船) ride. D．Visiting historical sites. 6．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Great Holidays in Every Season B．Interesting Places of Every City C．Beautiful Places in Every Season D．Different Colours in Every Season Passage 4 A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river flows into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ (不同) in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador. It enters the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi and the Missouri The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America. The Mississippi is about 6,021 kilometres long and the Missouri is 4,126 kilometres. The Mississippi flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 5,539 kilometres long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,600 kilometres long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the l0 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．The Nile is about ________ kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. A．190 B．370 C．400 D．1,130 2．________ is the second longest river in the world. A．The Nile B．The Mississippi C．The Amazon D．The Yenisei 3．The Mississippi is located in ________. A．Africa B．South America C．North America D．Asia 4．The Yenisei River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the Atlantic Ocean C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Amazon is the only river in America. B．The Mississippi flows into the Pacific Ocean. C．All rivers in the world flow south. D．There are around 5 million kilometres of rivers in America. 6．The last paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．fun facts about world rivers B．in which direction most rivers flow C．rivers over 1,600 kilometres long in the world D．four longest rivers flowing through China 1．Write a passage of at least 60 words about your favourite adventure activity or sport in the mountains or rivers. (围绕你最喜爱的一项冒险活动/运动——与山川或者水流相关，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。） Use the following points as a reference. （以下内容仅供参考） 1. 你喜欢的活动/运动的名称及原因； 2. 你的经历。 （以下词汇可供参考） ● moment  时刻 ● practice练习 ● balance  平衡 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Write a passage of at least 60 words according to the given situation. (根据以下情 境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。) 在我们国家众多的河流中，长江具有举足轻重的地位。为了赞美长江，学校举 行了“长汇”的主题活动，现向全体同学征文。请同学们根据提示写一篇短文来介 绍长江。 提示： (1)长江是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上第三长河，全长约6300千米； (2)长江发源于青海省，最后汇入太平洋； (3)长江里有各种各样的鱼。对中国来说长江非常重要； (4)我们应该保护长江，停止倾倒垃圾和排废水。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．黄河是中华民族的发源地，是我们的母亲河。很久以前人们就用黄河水灌溉庄稼。请你根据表格中的信息写一篇英语短文，把母亲河介绍给你的外国笔友 The Yellow River Length 5,464 kilometers Running through 9 provinces Position ◇ Mother River ◇ the second-longest river（China） ◇ the sixth-longest （World） Culture Stories and traditions Your ideas ... 写作要求： 1. 文中须包含表格中所提示的全部要点，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名或校名； 3. 词数80—100个。 The Yellow River ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 本单元主题写作 Project：《Making a brochure》主题项目 项目目标 1.熟练运用地理、旅游景点类核心词汇，掌握介绍地点、气候、活动的英文句型，能用简洁书面语言撰写景点宣传册文本。 2.掌握项目流程：小组选定景点→收集旅游信息→排版设计宣传册→课堂展示，提升信息检索、文本组织与版面设计能力。 3.小组合作宣传中国山河风光，了解自然景点特色，学会用英文向他人介绍祖国山水，树立文化自信。 项目对象 七年级学生 项目时长 1课时（45分钟） 项目准备 1.学生：草稿本记录景点信息；A4卡纸、彩笔，用于制作折叠宣传册 brochure。 2.教师：课本Allegheny Mountains范例PPT、白板，准备景点参考图片。 项目步骤 Step 1 Think 小组讨论，选定宣传景点（5分钟） 4人一组，挑选一处中国名山大川作为宣传对象。 可选景点参考：the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, Huangshan Mountain, West Lake 任务要求：小组确定景点，简单讨论该景点有什么特色，为什么值得推荐。 Step 2 Collect information 收集景点信息，填写信息表（10分钟） 小组查找资料，收集下面6类旅游信息，填写表格： Tourist information Location and climate（位置与气候） Open time（开放时间） Famous for（因……闻名） Fee（门票费用） Ways to get there（交通方式） Popular activities（热门活动） 写作提示句型： It lies in… It is famous for… Visitors can enjoy… 任务要求：小组分工查找信息，互相核对单词拼写。 Step 3 Design 排版设计宣传册内容（15分钟） 把收集到的信息合理划分板块，搭配图片/手绘，参考课本范例分为3栏： 1.左栏：景点简介 + Things to do（游玩项目） 2.中间栏：配图，介绍热门活动 3.右栏：Information（气候、营业时间、地址、门票、联系电话） 教师巡视指导，精简英文句子，修正语法、单词。 Step 4 Present 课堂展示宣传册（15分钟） 1.小组拿着宣传册上台，1–2分钟英文介绍，推荐本组的山河景点。完成展示后，可以把作品“发布到网上”（班级展示墙）。 2.跨组交流：和其他小组同学讨论，还有哪些方式可以宣传中国山水。 3.课堂互评评价标准： 评价维度 评分标准 内容完整 包含位置气候、特色、开放时间、门票、交通、游玩活动六大信息板块 语言准确 单词拼写无误，地点介绍句型使用正确，文字简洁地道 口头展示 介绍流畅，能够生动介绍景点亮点，吸引听众 版面美观 宣传册三栏布局清晰，图文搭配，色彩丰富整洁 $Unit 6 Mountains and rivers 课时4 Writing&Discovery Project（分层作业） 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 一、核心词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊叹的 scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景，景色 postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 trip /trɪp/ n. 旅行，旅程 waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的，激动的 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 along /əˈlɒŋ/ prep. 沿着，顺着 turn /tɜːn/ v. 转弯，转向 reach /riːtʃ/ v. 到达，抵达 silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/ adj. 银色的 belt /belt/ n. 带子，带状物 poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 glow /ɡləʊ/ v. 发光，闪耀 mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ n. 山，山脉 flow /fləʊ/ v. 流动 hope /həʊp/ v. 希望 poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 smoke /sməʊk/ n. 烟，烟雾 mountain-top n. 山顶 peak /piːk/ n. 山峰 sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/ n. 阳光 valley /ˈvæli/ n. 山谷 stretch /stretʃ/ v. 延伸，伸展 beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在……下面 torrent /ˈtɒrənt/ n. 急流，洪流 drop /drɒp/ v. 落下，掉下 thousand /ˈθaʊznd/ num. 千 milkway /ˈmɪlkweɪ/ n. 银河 spill /spɪl/ v. 溢出，洒 earth /ɜːθ/ n. 地球，大地 heaven /ˈhevn/ n. 天空，天堂 stream /striːm/ n. 小溪，溪流 loud /laʊd/ adj. 响亮的，大声的 splash /splæʃ/ v. 飞溅，溅起 vast /vɑːst/ adj. 广阔的，辽阔的 rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量，雨水 二、核心短语 amazing scenery 令人惊叹的风景 write a postcard to your friend 给朋友写一张明信片 on a trip 在旅行中 watch the Hukou Waterfalls 观看壶口瀑布 along the Yellow River 沿着黄河 turn left and right 蜿蜒曲折 reach the Bohai Gulf 到达渤海湾 like a silver belt 像一条银色带子 understand the poem 理解这首诗 behind the mountain 在山后 come here one day 有一天来这里 mountains and rivers in poems 诗中的山水 purple smoke rises 紫烟升起 in the sunlight 在阳光下 stretch beneath me 在我脚下延伸 drop straight down 直泻而下 the Milky Way 银河 from the earth to the heavens 从人间到天上 from the sunny valleys 从阳光灿烂的山谷 into the open sea 进入开阔的大海 the wind in my grey nostrils 风吹进我灰白的鼻孔 endless valleys 无边的山谷 the salty waves 咸涩的海浪 as fresh as the rainfall 像雨后一样清新 一、翻译练习 1.我正在旅行，想给最好的朋友寄一张明信片。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I am on a trip and want to send a postcard to my best friend. 2.看到壶口瀑布的那一刻，我特别激动。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The moment I saw the Hukou Waterfalls, I felt very excited. 3.黄河两岸的环境非常美丽。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The environment along the Yellow River is very beautiful. 4.这条河蜿蜒流过群山，最后汇入大海。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The river turns left and right through the mountains and finally flows into the sea. 5.在远处，海面像一条银色的带子。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：In the distance, the sea looks like a silver belt. 6.读完这首诗，我开始理解诗人的感受。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：After reading the poem, I began to understand the poet’s feelings. 7.太阳落山后，山间仍然闪耀着柔和的光芒。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：After the sun sets, the mountains still glow softly. 8.我希望有一天能和你一起游览这里。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I hope I can visit here with you one day. 9.李白的诗常常描写高山和大河的壮丽景色。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Li Bai’s poems often describe the magnificent scenery of high mountains and big rivers. 10.瀑布从高处直泻而下，声音巨大。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The waterfall drops straight down from a high place and makes a loud noise. 11.诗人把瀑布比作从天上落下的银河。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The poet compares the waterfall to the Milky Way falling from the sky. 12.那条小溪从山谷流出，最终汇入大海。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The stream flows out of the valley and finally reaches the sea. 13.广阔的大海和蔚蓝的天空让我感到自由。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The vast sea and the blue sky make me feel free. 14.这首诗里的山水画面非常生动。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The scenes of mountains and rivers in this poem are very lively. 15.他的诗像雨后的彩虹一样清新美丽。_________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：His poem is as fresh and beautiful as a rainbow after rainfall. 二、长难句剖析 例句 1 Do you know where I am? I’m watching the Hukou Waterfalls! 1.结构拆分：第一句是 Do you know 后接宾语从句 where I am；第二句是现在进行时。 2.核心语法：Do you know where…? 你知道……在哪里吗？；现在进行时 be doing。 3. 写作仿写：Do you know where I am? I’m standing on the top of the mountain. 例句 2 I love the beautiful environment along the Yellow River. 1.结构拆分：主语 I，谓语 love，宾语 the beautiful environment；along the Yellow River 作地点状语。 2.核心语法：along 沿着；environment 环境。 3. 写作仿写：I love the quiet village along the river. 例句 3 The river turns left and right, reaching the sea like a silver belt. 1.结构拆分：前半句是主句；后半句 reaching… 是现在分词作伴随状语。 2.核心语法：现在分词作伴随状语；like a silver belt 像一条银色带子。 3. 写作仿写：The road turns left and right, reaching the village like a long line. 例句 4 Now I can understand the poem: The sun behind the mountain glows, and down to the sea the Yellow River flows. 1.结构拆分：主句 I can understand the poem，后面接直接引语；引语是并列句。 2.核心语法：understand 理解；冒号后接引用内容；并列句结构。 3. 写作仿写：Now I can understand the poem: The moon rises above the hill, and the water runs through the quiet village. 例句 5 The torrent drops straight down three thousand feet. I think it must be the Milky Way spilling from the heavens. 1.结构拆分：第一句是主谓状结构；第二句 I think 后接宾语从句。 2.核心语法：drop down 落下；must be 一定是；spill from 从……溢出。 3. 写作仿写：The water falls straight down from the cliff. I think it must be a silver river dropping from the clouds. Passage 1 The Dead Sea is in the Jordan Rift Valley in southwest Asia. The Jordan River runs into it. It’s a lake with about 30% salt. The lake is 400 meters below sea level (海平面). Every year, it has little rain. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea makes the fresh water evaporate (蒸发) quickly. So the salt concentration (浓度) becomes high. Because of the high concentration, it is difficult to find any sea life in the sea. Even the plants can’t grow near it. That’s why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t be afraid of the name. When you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. You can float on the water instead. The water is blue and clear. Today, the Dead Sea faces many problems. It gets only 50mm of rain each year. What’s worse, now people take too much water from the Jordan River to drink and grow crops. The Dead Sea is becoming smaller year by year... 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By showing some facts. B．By asking questions. C．By telling a story. D．By giving examples. 2．What makes the Dead Sea have such a high salt concentration according to Paragraph 2? ①Its location (位置).    ②Little rain.    ③Hot weather.    ④Human activities. A．②③④ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 3．The underlined word “float” means “_________” in Chinese. A．攀岩 B．下沉 C．漂浮 D．飞翔 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Why Can People Float in the Dead Sea B．Facts and Problems of the Dead Sea C．The Salt Concentration of the Dead Sea D．The Jordan River Runs into the Dead Sea 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了死海的地理位置、高盐度的自然成因、名称由来及漂浮特性，并指出了死海当前面临的环境问题。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段“The Dead Sea is in the Jordan Rift Valley...It’s a lake with about 30% salt.”，作者开篇直接陈述了死海的位置、注入河流、属性及盐度等客观事实，没有提问、讲故事或举例子。 2．根据第二段“The lake is 400 meters below sea level...Every year, it has little rain. And the hot weather...makes the fresh water evaporate quickly.”，死海盐度高的原因包括：位置低于海平面（①）、雨水少（②）、天气炎热蒸发快（③）。人类活动（④）是在第五段提到的导致死海变小的问题，而非第二段提到的盐度高的成因。 3．根据画线词所在句“When you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. You can float on the water instead.”可知，由于死海盐度高，即使不会游泳也不会淹死，而是可以在水上“漂浮”。结合选项，C项“漂浮”符合语境。 4．通读全文可知，文章前四段介绍了死海的事实特征（位置、盐度、漂浮等），最后一段指出了死海面临的水资源减少等问题。B选项“Facts and Problems of the Dead Sea”（死海的事实与问题）最能概括全文主旨。A、C、D选项均只涵盖了文章的部分内容。 Passage 2 Welcome to Qomolangma! It’s the highest mountain on the Earth. Here, you can see snowy mountains under the blue sky. ② The top of the earth Qomolangma means “mother of the earth”. In the West, people also call it Mount Everest. It is on the border (边界) of Nepal and China. It is part of the Himalaya Mountains. It is about 8848.86 meters tall. That is almost as high as airplanes fly. ③ Climbing Qomolangma Every September and October, hundreds of climbers from around the world come here. They wear warm clothes, sunglasses, and take tents. They usually climb in groups. ④ How’s the Weather? It is always very cold and windy here. There is snow everywhere. The wind blows all year round. In winter, the lowest temperature can be -60℃. ⑤ Yaks (牦牛) It is very cold here, with little oxygen (氧气). Yaks may be the only animals you can find. They have long hair to keep warm. They are very powerful and can walk on small paths, so people call yaks “the ships of the highland”. 1．Which is the right picture of Qomolangma? A． B． C． D． 2．Why do people call yaks “the ships of the highland”? A．They look like ships. B．People keep them for milk and meat. C．They can walk safely on small roads. D．They have long hair to keep warm. 3．What is the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③/④/⑤ C．①②/③④⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 4．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To show the terrible weather on Qomolangma. B．To make us know more about Qomolangma. C．To explain why yaks live on high mountains. D．To talk about different mountains in the world. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的地理位置、海拔高度、登山活动、气候特征以及当地特有的牦牛。 【详解】1．第一段指出“It’s the highest mountain on the Earth”，第二段指出“It is about 8848.86 meters tall”，B选项图片中的山峰标注了8848米的高度。 2．第五段指出“They are very powerful and can walk on small paths, so people call yaks ‘the ships of the highland’”，牦牛可以在小路上行走，因此被称为“高原之舟”。 3．第一段为总起段，介绍珠穆朗玛峰并引出话题；第二至第五段分别从名称位置、登山、天气、牦牛四个角度分述，故结构为①/②③④⑤。 4．全文从位置、海拔、登山活动、气候、动物五个方面全面介绍珠穆朗玛峰，目的是让读者更了解珠穆朗玛峰。 Passage 3 China has many places of interest. You can have great tours in every season. Spring is the best time to visit Wuyuan in Jiangxi. The yellow flowers all over the hills make the villages look like a fairy-tale (童话的) world. You’ll have free time to walk across the beautiful countryside and enjoy the famous tea. The best time to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin is August. It’s usually sunny. Why not go to the Valley Float Stone Forest (石林) and Heaven Lake (天池) at the top? You’ll have time to take lots of photos. You can see all the colours of autumn near the Great Wall. It’s cool and dry, so it’s great for hiking (徒步旅行). You’d better walk on the Mutianyu Great Wall. There won’t be as many tourists as at the Badaling Great Wall, but it’s just beautiful. Sanya in Hainan is a great destination for a holiday in winter. You can get away from the cold. The three famous beaches, Yalong Bay Beach, Sanya Bay Beach and Dadonghai Beach, all have great sand. You’ll love swimming in the clear water. You can have a great time in different seasons! 1．What is a special activity you can enjoy in Wuyuan, Jiangxi? A．Playing on the beaches. B．Hiking along the Great Wall. C．Taking lots of beautiful photos. D．Walking across the countryside. 2．It’s best to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin in ________. A．March B．May C．August D．December 3．Why is the Mutianyu Great Wall recommended for a visit in autumn? A．It is warmer and drier. B．There are more tourists. C．It is cooler and less crowded. D．It has more entertainment facilities (设施). 4．The underlined word “destination” means ________. A．the place that someone is going to B．the place where people can buy foods C．a city which is suitable for swimming D．a holiday that lasts for a long time 5．Which activity is suggested when people visit the beaches in Sanya, Hainan? A．Climbing mountains. B．Swimming in clear water. C．Taking a ferry (渡船) ride. D．Visiting historical sites. 6．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Great Holidays in Every Season B．Interesting Places of Every City C．Beautiful Places in Every Season D．Different Colours in Every Season 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在中国四个不同的季节适合去旅游的地方。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“You’ll have free time to walk across the beautiful countryside and enjoy the famous tea.”可知，在江西婺源你可以在乡间漫步。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The best time to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin is August.”可知，去吉林长白山参观的最好时间是八月。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“You can see all the colours of autumn near the Great Wall. It’s cool and dry, … There won’t be as many tourists as at the Badaling Great Wall”可知，秋天更凉爽，慕田峪长城的游客也相对少些。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Sanya in Hainan is a great destination for a holiday in winter.”可知，海南三亚是冬天度假的好去处。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第五段“You’ll love swimming in the clear water.”可知，在海南推荐的活动是在清澈的水中游泳。故选B。 6．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了在四个不同季节适合去旅行的地方。C选项“每个季节的美丽地方”为本文的最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 4 A river is a flowing, moving stream of water. Usually a river flows into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ (不同) in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world. The Nile The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of Africa, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north into the Mediterranean Sea. The Amazon The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long. It is located in the continent of South America and flows through several countries including Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador. It enters the Atlantic Ocean. The Yangtze River Located in China, the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long and flows into the East China Sea. The Mississippi and the Missouri The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America. The Mississippi is about 6,021 kilometres long and the Missouri is 4,126 kilometres. The Mississippi flows south into the Gulf of Mexico. The Yenisei The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s about 5,539 kilometres long. There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,600 kilometres long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the l0 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers. Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point. 1．The Nile is about ________ kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. A．190 B．370 C．400 D．1,130 2．________ is the second longest river in the world. A．The Nile B．The Mississippi C．The Amazon D．The Yenisei 3．The Mississippi is located in ________. A．Africa B．South America C．North America D．Asia 4．The Yenisei River ends at ________. A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the Atlantic Ocean C．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The Amazon is the only river in America. B．The Mississippi flows into the Pacific Ocean. C．All rivers in the world flow south. D．There are around 5 million kilometres of rivers in America. 6．The last paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．fun facts about world rivers B．in which direction most rivers flow C．rivers over 1,600 kilometres long in the world D．four longest rivers flowing through China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最长的五条河流。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“The Nile is the longest in the world. It is about 6,670 kilometres long.”以及“the Yangtze River is over 6,300 kilometres long”可知，尼罗河6670公里，长江6300公里，所以尼罗河比长江长6670-6300=370公里。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“ The Amazon is about 6,480 kilometres long.”可知，亚马孙河长约6480公里，仅次于尼罗河。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The river system of the Mississippi and the Missouri is the longest river system in North America.”可知，密西西比河位于北美洲。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to the Kara Sea in the Arctic Ocean.”可知，叶尼塞河发源于蒙古，流经俄罗斯，流入北冰洋的喀拉海。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“The United States alone has around 5 million kilometres of rivers.”可知，美国有大约500万公里的河流。故选D。 6．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段是关于世界河流的有趣事实。故选A。 1．Write a passage of at least 60 words about your favourite adventure activity or sport in the mountains or rivers. (围绕你最喜爱的一项冒险活动/运动——与山川或者水流相关，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。） Use the following points as a reference. （以下内容仅供参考） 1. 你喜欢的活动/运动的名称及原因； 2. 你的经历。 （以下词汇可供参考） ● moment  时刻 ● practice练习 ● balance  平衡 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 范文： My favourite adventure sport is rock climbing in the mountains. I love it because it challenges both my body and mind, requiring strength, balance, and determination. One memorable experience was when I successfully climbed a steep cliff after months of practice. Standing at the top, I felt an amazing sense of achievement and freedom. The wonderful view made everything worthwhile, and it encouraged me to continue improving my skills. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”； ③提示：注意介绍对象为山川或河流。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点题说明需要介绍的景点名称； 第二步，详细介绍原因及游览经历等。 [亮点词汇] ①challenge挑战 ②memorable experience难忘的经历 ③sense of achievement and freedom成就和自由感 [高分句型] ① I love it because it challenges both my body and mind, requiring strength, balance, and determination.（because引导原因状语从句） ②Standing at the top, I felt an amazing sense of achievement and freedom.（动词ing形式作状语） 2．Write a passage of at least 60 words according to the given situation. (根据以下情 境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。) 在我们国家众多的河流中，长江具有举足轻重的地位。为了赞美长江，学校举 行了“长汇”的主题活动，现向全体同学征文。请同学们根据提示写一篇短文来介 绍长江。 提示： (1)长江是亚洲最长的河流，也是世界上第三长河，全长约6300千米； (2)长江发源于青海省，最后汇入太平洋； (3)长江里有各种各样的鱼。对中国来说长江非常重要； (4)我们应该保护长江，停止倾倒垃圾和排废水。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The Yangtze River The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and it’s also the third longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 kilometres long. It starts from Qinghai Province and goes into the Pacific Ocean. There are many kinds of fishes in the river and some of them are endangered species. People love the Yangtze River, but it has been polluted. We should try to protect it as it is very important for China. We should stop putting rubbish and pouring waste water into it. I hope it will become more and more beautiful. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接点明长江在中国以及世界举足轻重的地位； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“长度、起源地、鱼类生物以及保护长江”等具体介绍长江； 第三步，书写书面结语。表达希望长江越来越好的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ① starts from起源于 ②endangered species濒危物种 [高分句型] ①The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and it’s also the third longest river in the world.（形容词最高级的应用） ②We should try to protect it as it is very important for China.（as引导的原因状语从句） 3．黄河是中华民族的发源地，是我们的母亲河。很久以前人们就用黄河水灌溉庄稼。请你根据表格中的信息写一篇英语短文，把母亲河介绍给你的外国笔友 The Yellow River Length 5,464 kilometers Running through 9 provinces Position ◇ Mother River ◇ the second-longest river（China） ◇ the sixth-longest （World） Culture Stories and traditions Your ideas ... 写作要求： 1. 文中须包含表格中所提示的全部要点，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名或校名； 3. 词数80—100个。 The Yellow River ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Yellow River The Yellow River is known as the Mother River of China. It is 5,464 kilometers long and runs through 9 provinces. It is the second-longest river in China and the sixth-longest in the world. People have used its water to irrigate crops for a long time. There are many stories and traditions about it. It plays an important role in Chinese culture. As students, we should try our best to protect it. We hope it will flow forever. I hope you can visit it someday. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：①黄河基础概况：别称、长度、流经省份、世界/国内长河排名②黄河价值：千年灌溉农田、承载传统故事、在中国文化中地位重要③学生视角倡议：主动保护黄河，期盼永续奔流、邀约参观 确定人称：第一人称（We/I）为主 注意事项：不得出现考生的真实姓名或校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起介绍黄河身份，罗列地理基础数据，点明它的河流地位，引出介绍对象 主体段：分层阐述黄河的实用价值与文化价值，从农耕作用延伸到历史文化意义 结尾段：以学生身份发出保护黄河的呼吁，抒发美好期许，收尾发出参观邀约，升华爱护母亲河的主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：黄河地理概况    核心名称：the Mother River of China（中国母亲河）   数据描述：5,464 kilometers long, runs through 9 provinces；the second-longest river in China, the sixth-longest river in the world 拓展词汇：stretch for...kilometers绵延……千米、run through流经、originate from发源于 要点二： 黄河的价值（实用+文化）    实用作用：use its water to irrigate crops for a long time（长久灌溉农作物）   文化内涵：many stories and traditions；plays an important role in Chinese culture 拓展词汇：irrigate crops/farmland灌溉庄稼/农田、fertile soil肥沃的土地、agriculture农业、gain good harvests获得丰收 要点三：学生的态度与期盼    身份切入：As students（作为学生）   行动倡议：try our best to protect it（尽全力保护它）   情感期许：hope it will flow forever；invite others to visit it someday 拓展词汇：live in harmony with nature与自然和谐共处、flow forever永久奔腾、pass down from generation to generation代代相传、look forward to visiting期待前去游览 本单元主题写作 Project：《Making a brochure》主题项目 项目目标 1.熟练运用地理、旅游景点类核心词汇，掌握介绍地点、气候、活动的英文句型，能用简洁书面语言撰写景点宣传册文本。 2.掌握项目流程：小组选定景点→收集旅游信息→排版设计宣传册→课堂展示，提升信息检索、文本组织与版面设计能力。 3.小组合作宣传中国山河风光，了解自然景点特色，学会用英文向他人介绍祖国山水，树立文化自信。 项目对象 七年级学生 项目时长 1课时（45分钟） 项目准备 1.学生：草稿本记录景点信息；A4卡纸、彩笔，用于制作折叠宣传册 brochure。 2.教师：课本Allegheny Mountains范例PPT、白板，准备景点参考图片。 项目步骤 Step 1 Think 小组讨论，选定宣传景点（5分钟） 4人一组，挑选一处中国名山大川作为宣传对象。 可选景点参考：the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, Huangshan Mountain, West Lake 任务要求：小组确定景点，简单讨论该景点有什么特色，为什么值得推荐。 Step 2 Collect information 收集景点信息，填写信息表（10分钟） 小组查找资料，收集下面6类旅游信息，填写表格： Tourist information Location and climate（位置与气候） Open time（开放时间） Famous for（因……闻名） Fee（门票费用） Ways to get there（交通方式） Popular activities（热门活动） 写作提示句型： It lies in… It is famous for… Visitors can enjoy… 任务要求：小组分工查找信息，互相核对单词拼写。 Step 3 Design 排版设计宣传册内容（15分钟） 把收集到的信息合理划分板块，搭配图片/手绘，参考课本范例分为3栏： 1.左栏：景点简介 + Things to do（游玩项目） 2.中间栏：配图，介绍热门活动 3.右栏：Information（气候、营业时间、地址、门票、联系电话） 教师巡视指导，精简英文句子，修正语法、单词。 Step 4 Present 课堂展示宣传册（15分钟） 1.小组拿着宣传册上台，1–2分钟英文介绍，推荐本组的山河景点。完成展示后，可以把作品“发布到网上”（班级展示墙）。 2.跨组交流：和其他小组同学讨论，还有哪些方式可以宣传中国山水。 3.课堂互评评价标准： 评价维度 评分标准 内容完整 包含位置气候、特色、开放时间、门票、交通、游玩活动六大信息板块 语言准确 单词拼写无误，地点介绍句型使用正确，文字简洁地道 口头展示 介绍流畅，能够生动介绍景点亮点，吸引听众 版面美观 宣传册三栏布局清晰，图文搭配，色彩丰富整洁 参考范文（景点：Huangshan Mountain） Huangshan Mountain The beautiful Huangshan Mountain lies in Anhui Province. It is famous for strange rocks, pine trees and sea of clouds. Things to do Mountain hiking: You can walk along the mountain paths and enjoy amazing views. Taking photos: You can take wonderful photos of the sea of clouds in the early morning. Information Climate: Cool in summer, cold in winter. Business hours: 06:00 – 17:30 every day Address: Huangshan City, Anhui Province Tuition: About 190 yuan Tel: +86 0559-5561111 写作模板（宣传册文本模板） ____________（景点名称） The beautiful ____________ lies in ____________. It is famous for ____________. Things to do ____________: You can ____________. ____________: You can ____________. Information Climate: ____________ Business hours: ____________ Address: ____________ Tuition: ____________ Tel: ____________ 宣传册 brochure 版面布局参考（三栏折页） 1.封面（首页）：标题 Visit ____________！配景点手绘/简笔画 2.内页左栏：景点简介 + Things to do（游玩项目） 3.内页中间栏：景点图片，介绍特色活动 4.内页右栏：Information（气候、营业时间、地址、门票、联系电话） 5.右下角：Group X，组员姓名 6.空白区域：山水、树木简笔画装饰 $