Unit 3 Environmental Protection 单元校本作业-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 校本作业（学生版） Part One 一、选择同义词进行替换 restrict, sustain, releasing, seized, trend, submit , annual , tolerate, 1. Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle. 2. It’s also a tendency that emerged decades ago and has simply stuck. 3. A sudden wave of anger took hold of her,but she forced herself to calm. 4. He was given the choice on Wednesday to either hand in his resignation, or be fired. 5. The government has just launched their yearly Christmas campaign to stop drunken driving. 6. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to endure differences of opinion. 7. Many industrial processes are still emitting great quantities of carbon dioxide. 8. I've been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes maximum. 二、选词填空（根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式） disposal, harmonious, seize, tolerate, restore, submit, sustain, frequent, starve, bring about With an increasing volume of fossil fuels burned, more heat energy than necessary 1.____________which has affected Earth’s ecology and 2 ___________development. News reports are 3.___________broadcast about animals that are 4.___________to death because of the melting ice. Tropical jungles are destroyed, making them less habitable for animals. What we can’t 5.___________ is that garbage is thrown everywhere, which worsened the situation. Fortunately, worldwide governments have made policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 6.___________the sensitive ecology. Dozens of enterprises have 7.___________ and resolved to thoroughly implement their conservation regulations. Effective 8.___________of the waste has been carried out. With proper guidance, individuals also make a commitment to 9.___________ every chance to reduce the carbon footprint in the daily life. With all efforts, we are confident that a 10.___________ world will be constructed. 三、单句语法填空（用单词的适当形式填空或用恰当的介词） 1. What shocked the scientists was that the seal ___________ (starve) to death because it couldn’t find enough food to eat. 2. ___________(seize) the precious chance enabled him to get promoted quite easily. 3. I’m writing _________behalf of the school’s Student Union. 4. If everyone in society can give a helping hand to each other, it is more likely that society will become more________ (harmony). 5. This was the second time international sporting events ________ (broadcast) live in this remote mountain village. 6. We are now living in a_________(harmony) society. 7. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need _________ (submit) it to Smart Animals. 8. When the doctor examined him, the man________(frequent) sneezed and screamed. 9. He has a business degree and training in the area of environmental________(sustain). 10. Sarah is never lonely because she has ________(dozen) of friends. 11. The political ______(reform) have led to major structural changes in the economy. 12. Located in the central area of the city, the corporation_______________(origin) from a small company. 13. Some truck drivers don’t like the new speed_________(restrict) on the highway. 14. Some students are especially sensitive _______ making mistakes. 15. The teacher cannot tolerate ________（eat）in class. 16. In addition to its health benefits, dancing is a fun way ____________ (release) positive energy and make society more pleasant. 17. Many animals died of _________(starve) in the snow. 18. I am eighteen years old now, which means I’ve become an adult and have more_____________(responsibility). 19. ________ is little doubt that he stole into my office and took the document away. 20.With more and more ________ (melt) ice in the Arctic Ocean, the polar bear finds it hard to find enough food. 21. Online security has become a big problem ________ (affect) our daily life. What shall we do? 22. We offer our customers a ________ (comprehend) range of financial products. 23. We must strengthen the ____________(regular) and control of grain markets. 24. Engineers carried out a thorough ____________(inspect) of the track. 四、语法填空 1. The boss ordered the workers ________(finish) it in three days. 2. He regretted ________ silly mistakes he had made. 3. The teacher requested us not________ (make)so much noise. 4. My mother asked me to show my homework to her. →My mother said to me，“Show ________ homework.” 5. Our teacher asked us not________(swim) in deep water. 6. The army officer commanded his men ________(fire) as soon as the enemies came up. 7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. 8. Mrs. Smith warned her  daughter never________(drive) after drinking. 9. ____________ people spend so much money on their pets surprised us a lot. 10. She asked me ____________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 11. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. 12. The boy dived into the water and after _________seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 13. Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing _________we live can we save the earth. 14. ---I’ll ask the teacher about the attributive clause. I’m very puzzled about it. ---That’s just __________most of our classmates have doubt. 15. Many of the creatures in Rowling's world are not real, and much of ________ happens is strange. 16. The manager demanded that his lawyer ______________(call) or he wouldn’t say a single word. 17. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___________ they can see themselves differently. 18. Not only the swimmers who are in the swimming pool but also the coach ___________(try) to save the drowning girl. 五、句子翻译（汉译英） 1.几乎没有疑问，你的热情和善良可以消除你和他人之间的分歧。(There be 句型，passion) _______________________________________________________________ 2．没有强烈的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。(without的含蓄虚拟语气） _______________________________________________________________ 3．露西没有注意到我进来，因为她把注意力集中在了一道数学题上。（with复合结构） _______________________________________________________________ 4. 由于无法容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场活动呼吁人们保护环境。(tolerate, appeal to） _______________________________________________________________ 5．他一跃而起，从她手里抢过钱，冲了出去。(spring to one’s feet, seize) _______________________________________________________________ 　六、话题词汇与作文 1）关于“环境保护”话题的有用的表达 1. 导致，造成，引起____________________ 2 .对…有影响____________________ 3. 对…造成极大伤害____________________ 4. 对…有害处____________________ 5. 呼吁某人做某事____________________ 6. 与…和谐相处____________________ 7. 用尽，耗尽，用完____________________ 8. 采取措施做某事____________________ 9. 对…负责/承担责任 ___________________ 10. 努力做……____________________ 2）好句积累 1. 众所周知，空气污染变得越来越严重了，这引起了我们极大的重视。（定语从句） As is known to us all, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which has attracted our great attention. 2. 为了解决这个问题，政府还有我们个人都应采取有效的措施。 In an attempt to tackle the problem, the government, along with us individuals, should take some effective measures. 3. 政府应制定严格的规章制度，迫使一些工厂关闭或搬出市中心。(doing做结果状语) The government should set up strict regulations, forcing some factories to close down or move out of the city center. 4. 应生产使用新能源的汽车和公交车，只有这样，才能大幅减少二氧化碳排放。（倒装句） Cars and buses using new clean energy should be produced. Only in this way, can the carbon dioxide emission be dramatically reduced/lead to a dramatic decrease. 5. 我们个人应提高保护环境的意识，并呼吁更多的人积极参与到此当中来。 We as individuals should raise the awareness of environmental protection and call on more people to be actively involved in it. 6. 正是随着这些措施的生效和国民做出的不懈努力，我坚信我们能过上更幸福的生活。 It is with these measures in effect and tireless efforts made by citizens that I hold the firm belief that we can live a happier life. 3）单元主题写作：write a report on an environmental issue 典例详析 某英文报刊将开展一次主题为“Environmental Protection”的征文活动。请你以“Reducing air pollution”为题，写一篇100词左右的英文报告。内容如下： 1. 提出问题；2. 给出建议； 3.得出结论及期望。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时 要求：1.提出问题；2. 给出建议； 3.得出结论及期望。 Reducing air pollution As is known to us all, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which has caused our great attention. In an attempt to tackle the problem, the government, along with us individuals, should take some effective measures. To begin with, the government should set up strict regulations, forcing some factories to close down or move out of the city center. Furthermore, cars and buses using new clean energy should be produced. Only in this way, can the carbon dioxide emission bring about a dramatic decrease. Most importantly/Best of all, we as individuals should raise the awareness of environmental protection and call on more people to be actively involved in it. It is with these measures in effect and tireless efforts made by citizens that I hold the firm belief that we can live a happier life. Part Two 能力提升 第1部分　 阅读 Teen Eco-Art Exhibition Young artists share your artwork and viewpoints on our environment in the Teen Eco-Art Exhibition this Spring! Submission is open to artists from Grades 11-12 who reside in West Vancouver or attend a West Vancouver secondary school. Submissions will be reviewed by a Selection Committee. Artwork will be assessed on creative use of materials and expression of the theme. Submission criteria (标准) •Artwork addressing environmental themes such as clean water, climate change, sustainability, conservation, pollution, etc. •Artwork created primarily from sustainable, repurposed, recycled materials. Other media such as paint, photography, paper, etc. can be used in combination with repurposed materials. •Size. Wall-mounted (固定在墙上的) artwork: no larger than 36''×36''. Sculpture: no larger than l'5''×1'5''×1'5''. •Artwork should be exhibition ready. Wall-mounted artwork should have hanging wire, D-rings or hangers. Sculptures should be able to stand on their own. Artist statement: clear and brief, 100-200 word statement regarding your art practice and the concept/ theme of the work being considered. How to submit Complete the submission form & upload the required materials. Submission close March 25, 6 pm. Results Artists will be notified by April 6. Exhibition location West Vancouver Memorial Library, 1950 Marine Dr. Exhibition Dates April 15-May 29. If you have any questions please contact Gallery Coordinator Steven Snider at steven. wvcac@shaw. ca. We look forward to seeing your artwork! 1. What do we know about the event? A．It is open to artists of all ages. B．It welcomes half-finished art pieces. C．It is looking for creative works from students. D．It disapproves of works with artists’ statements. 2．What standard should the submission meet? A．It should be larger than 36''×36''. B．It should be able to stand on its own. C．It should avoid repurposed materials. D．It should highlight environmental problems. 3．When will the selected works be announced? A．March 25. B．April 6. C．April 15. D．May 29. B Global warming has been a public concern for a long time. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet, meaning more and more ice is melting (融化) every year. “It’s really worrying—the rapid loss of sea ice up there—for a lot of reasons.”Tracey Goldstein, a researcher and environmentalist at U.C． Davis, says, “One of those reasons is sea animals like ice seals (海豹) need the ice to live and give birth. Besides, as the Arctic warms, the fish the seals eat may be moving to deeper and colder waters. So the seals have to travel farther to hunt them. So the combination of all of that is probably going to affect their health and their body condition. And that will make them not just underweight but also easier to catch other diseases.” And those diseases may also be killing Arctic sea mammals (哺乳动物) because Arctic sea ice is melting. When there used to be an ice bridge, certain populations would remain separate from each other, so they couldn’t come in contact and give each other their bacteria, their viruses, etc. But once those channels started to open, animals were able to move further and came into contact with new species that they hadn’t come into contact with in the past. Goldstein and her coworkers recorded the spread of a disease from 2001 through 2016, which proved to be related to the death of sea mammals. Mammals that depend on ice to survive may already be on the edge of extinction. And more frequent outbreak of diseases could speed up the process. Meanwhile, humans may be affected too. Up in the Arctic, people really rely on these animals for their livelihood and well-being. And as those animals disappear, or as their habitat disappears, that’s also going to heavily influence humans in that area. So the overall health of the environment, the animals and the people up in the Arctic over time is just going to continue to deteriorate. Unless, we humans take meaningful measures to slow the planet’s warming. 4．What is the author’s purpose of the first paragraph? A．To make a comparison. B．To offer some evidence. C．To put forward an opinion. D．To present the phenomenon. 5．Which is less likely to happen to sea animals because of the melting ice? A．They will stay in shape and keep healthy. B．They will come in contact with new species. C．They will have to go farther to hunt for food D．They will have no place to give birth to babies 6．What does the underlined word “deteriorate” mean? A．Develop. B．Vary. C．Impact. D．Worsen. 7．What is NOT the fact according to the last paragraph? A．Mammals that depend on ice to live are dying out. B．Diseases that break out frequently make things worse. C．Humans living in that area have adapted to the change. D．Researchers found the disease related to mammals’ death. C Microplastic pollution is increasing greatly around the globe, according to a study of plastic particles (微粒) carried in the air. People are already known to breathe, drink and eat microplastics, and research suggests that pollution levels will continue to rise rapidly. The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases. Professor Natalie Mahowald, at Cornell University in the US and part of the research team, said, “But maybe we could solve this before it becomes a huge problem, if we manage our plastics better, before they accumulate in the environment and move around everywhere.” The research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, examined airborne (空气传播的) microplastics, which have been far less, studied than plastics in oceans and rivers. The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. These are likely to include particles from tires and brake pads on vehicles, and plastics from litter that had been broken down. The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia. Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.” 8．What can breathing in microplastics result in? A．Inability to eat and drink. B．Losing the sense of hearing. C．Suffering from lung diseases. D．Temporary loss of consciousness 9．How does the author organize Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting statistics. C．By making comparisons. D．By making a definition. 10．What may contribute most to the microplastic pollution in India? A．Human activities. B．Particles from fields. C．Particles from tires and litter. D．Changes of the environment. 11．What can we learn from Stohl’s words? A．The nature of microplastic transport is misunderstood. B．The potential damage of microplastic pollution is ignored. C．The way of collecting samples of microplastics should be improved. D．More data needs collecting to understand the sources of microplastics. D When you hear the word “recycling”, what comes to your mind? The color green or global warming? What if I were to tell you there is a dark side of recycling? A type of recycling that does more harm than good. The dark side of recycling has nothing to do with the environment but rather has a lot to do with the recycling of ideas. Environmental unrest isn’t the only trouble we must face. Idea pollution is quickly becoming widespread across the online world. Think about it. When was the last time you read an original blog post? I’m guessing it has been quite a while. Why do you think top bloggers (博主) of today win so much respect? Do you think they recycle their ideas? With each recycled idea, the online world becomes much more polluted. Used content contributes to the ever­increasing mass of digital smog (烟雾). The first step to reduce pollution is simple: stop recycling. When you stop recycling, you will then be forced to take up the task of creating your own ideas. When you recycle an excellent idea, it soon becomes good. When you recycle a good idea, it soon becomes just OK. The chain continues until the key part of what used to make the idea good is saturated (饱和的) , leaving you nothing but a pile of mess. In order not to pollute, your ideas must go beyond “just recycled”. Your ideas must stand out from the pollution of the Web. For your voice and talent to be heard and seen, you must go far beyond the standard copy of your neighbours’ ideas. For the next step, make a promise not to recycle. Let your ideas flourish and flow. Believe in your ability to create, because the death of recycling starts with YOU. 12．Which is TRUE about top bloggers of today according to the writer? A．They don’t recycle their ideas. B．They tend to express many fresh ideas. C．They are not worth much respect. D．They make good use of others’ ideas. 13．The 5th paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．the bad effects of recycling ideas B．the good effects of stopping recycling C．how to stop recycling ideas D．how to recycle good ideas online 14．This passage is written mainly for ________. A．top bloggers B．common bloggers C．environment polluters D．Net researchers 15．The main purpose of this passage is ________. A．to remind people to pay attention to environmental protection B．to prove that the Web environment is becoming worse and worse C．to warn people not to pollute our Web environment with bad words D．to call on people to write online more creatively instead of repeating 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, cotton bags have risen to popularity as an eco-friendly alternative to single-use bags. Many supermarkets have made the change. ___16___ As a study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark shows, a cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset (抵消) its overall impact of production on the environment. ___17___ According to this measure, for Venetia Berry, an artist in London who found she had at least 25 cotton bags, she would have to live for more than 1,000 years to offset her current bags. According to the Circular Laboratory, it requires between 10,000 and 20,000 liters of water to produce one kilogram of cotton. And only 15 percent of the 30 million tons of cotton produced every year actually makes its way to textile (纺织品) warehouses. Even when a cotton bag does make it to a treatment plant, most logos printed on them are not recyclable. ___18___ . That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic. They both have disadvantages. ___19___ And plastic bags use fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases, never biodegrade (生物降解) and block the oceans. Buffy Reid, of the British knitwear label & Daughter, stopped production of her cotton bags in April 2021. ___20___ For example, British designer Ally Capellino replaced cotton with hemp (麻纤维). In fact, the simplest solution may be the most obvious: Not every product needs a bag. A．Cotton has dried up rivers for water use. B．Some companies are turning to other textile solutions. C．They’re extremely difficult to break down chemically. D．We are hardly aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging. E．That is equal to daily use for 54 years for just one cotton bag. F．However, the production process requires using much more water. G．But the increase in the use of cotton bags may have created a new problem. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eradajere Oleita is a 26-year-old student and environmentalist. She has got something about the ____21____ to two of her country’s problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. Oleita is asking a ____22____ of local snack lovers: Rather than throw empty chip bags into garbage cans, ____23____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the ____24____. Chip eaters ____25____ their empty bags at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers ____26____ them. After they disinfect (消毒) the ____27____ in soapy hot water, they slice them open and iron them together. Then they use cotton and liners (内衬) from old coats to line the insides. It ____28____ about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each requires around 150 to 300 chip bags, __29____ on whether they’re single-serve or family-size. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bags Project has ___30____ 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be _____31____ to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. However, that’s only half the ___32__ for Oleita. “We aim to make a(n) ___33_____ not only socially, but environmentally,”said Oleita. “It is worth __34__chip bags and using them to help the homeless. ___35__, they would land in the garbage.” 21．A．reaction B．solution C．response D．way 22．A．suggestion B．permission C．favor D．promise 23．A．donate B．reserve C．sort D．change 24．A．poor B．elderly C．homeless D．sick 25．A．deliver B．drop off C．hand out D．reuse 26．A．guard B．promote C．place D．collect 27．A．garbage cans B．chip bags C．sleeping bags D．print stores 28．A．takes B．consumes C．lasts D．loses 29．A．concentrating B．insisting C．depending D．agreeing 30．A．sold B．created C．decorated D．received 31．A．simpler B．cooler C．clever D．formal 32．A．project B．issue C．battle D．goal 33．A．impression B．announcement C．impact D．decision 34．A．recycling B．maintaining C．improving D．producing 35．A．However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shanxi Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, with the Hongjiannao Lake at its center, is located in the north of Shanxi Province. This wetland is one of the main ____36____ (habitat) for Central Asian gull (鸥), a migratory bird species ____37____ (list) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species. The Central Asian gull breeds (繁殖) inland in places including Kazakhstan, Mongolia and the ____38____ (north) part of China, spending their winters around the Bohai Sea. In spring, they fly to desert lakes in Northwest China. However, the environment around Hongjiannao Lake became worse,____39____ (make) it harder for the gulls to survive. In 2010, 7, 700 baby gulls were bred within a year. However, after 2012 the number of mid- lake islands ____40____ the gulls made their nests kept decreasing, leading to ____41____ number of the baby gulls dropping to 2, 000. To protect the environment, the Hongjiannao Nature Reserve ____42____ (establish) in 2014. So far, the Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve ____43____ (take) a series of measures to restore the ecology, like river management and water quality monitoring and control. According ____44____ the data obtained from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in 2017, there were only dozens of gull nests. Yet in 2019, the nests increased to 800, and in 2022 _____45_____ (far) increased to 4, 700. 第四部分写作（共两节、满分40分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，学校为提升学生垃圾分类的意识，邀请你为校英语宣传栏写一封以“垃圾分类，保护环境”为主题的倡议书。内容包括： 1.倡议的原因和目的；2.倡议的具体内容；3.发出倡议。 参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage sorting 区分 differentiate 注意：词数80左右 可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 第二节读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year. This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said,and with Jason helping to support its weight，I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. 积跬步，无以至千里。 不积小流，无以成江海。1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 校本作业（教师版） Part One 一、选择同义词进行替换 restrict, sustain, releasing, seized, trend, submit , annual , tolerate 1. Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to maintain a healthy lifestyle. sustain 2. It’s also a tendency that emerged decades ago and has simply stuck. trend 3. A sudden wave of anger took hold of her,but she forced herself to calm. seized 4. He was given the choice on Wednesday to either hand in his resignation, or be fired. submit 5. The government has just launched their yearly Christmas campaign to stop drunken driving. annual 6. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to endure differences of opinion. tolerate 7. Many industrial processes are still emitting great quantities of carbon dioxide. releasing 8. I've been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes maximum. restrict 二、选词填空（根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式） disposal, harmonious, seize, tolerate, restore, submit, sustain, frequent, starve, bring about With an increasing volume of fossil fuels burned, more heat energy than necessary 1.was brought about which has affected Earth’s ecology and 2. _sustainable development. News reports are 3._frequently broadcast about animals that are 4.__starving__ to death because of the melting ice. Tropical jungles are destroyed, making them less habitable for animals. What we can’t 5.___tolerate _ is that garbage is thrown everywhere, which worsened the situation. Fortunately, worldwide governments have made policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 6. restore the sensitive ecology. Dozens of enterprises have 7.___submitted___ and resolved to thoroughly implement their conservation regulations. Effective 8._disposal__ of the waste has been carried out. With proper guidance, individuals also make a commitment to 9.___seize___ every chance to reduce the carbon footprint in the daily life. With all efforts, we are confident that a 10.harmonious_ world will be constructed. 三、单句语法填空（用单词的适当形式填空或用恰当的介词） 1. What shocked the scientists was that the seal starved (starve) to death because it couldn’t find enough food to eat. 2. Seizing(seize) the precious chance enabled him to get promoted quite easily. 3. I’m writing on behalf of the school’s Student Union. 4. If everyone in society can give a helping hand to each other, it is more likely that society will become more harmonious (harmony). 5. This was the second time international sporting events had been broadcast (broadcast) live in this remote mountain village. 6. We are now living in a harmonious(harmony) society. 7. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit (submit) it to Smart Animals. 8. When the doctor examined him, the man frequently (frequent) sneezed and screamed. 9. He has a business degree and training in the area of environmental sustainability(sustain). 10. Sarah is never lonely because she has dozens(dozen) of friends. 11. The political reforms(reform) have led to major structural changes in the economy. 12. Located in the central area of the city, the corporation originated (origin) from a small company. 13. Some truck drivers don’t like the new speed restrictions(restrict) on the highway. 14. Some students are especially sensitive about making mistakes. 15. The teacher cannot tolerate eating （eat）in class. 16. In addition to its health benefits, dancing is a fun way to release (release) positive energy and make society more pleasant. 17. Many animals died of starvation (starve) in the snow. 18. I am eighteen years old now, which means I’ve become an adult and have more responsibilities (responsibility). 19. There is little doubt that he stole into my office and took the document away. 20.With more and more melting (melt) ice in the Arctic Ocean, the polar bear finds it hard to find enough food. 21. Online security has become a big problem affecting (affect) our daily life. What shall we do? 22. We offer our customers a comprehensive (comprehend) range of financial products. 23. We must strengthen the regulation (regular) and control of grain markets. 24. Engineers carried out a thorough inspection (inspect) of the track. 四、语法填空（动词不定式） 1. The boss ordered the workers to finish (finish) it in three days. 2. He regretted what silly mistakes he had made. 3. The teacher requested us not to make (make)so much noise. 4. My mother asked me to show my homework to her. →My mother said to me，“Show me your homework.” 5. Our teacher asked us not to swim (swim) in deep water. 6. The army officer commanded his men to fire (fire) as soon as the enemies came up. 7. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 8. Mrs. Smith   warned   her   daughter never to drive (drive) after drinking. 9. That people spend so much money on their pets surprised us a lot. 10. She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. 11. The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. 12. The boy dived into the water and after what seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 13. Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing how we live can we save the earth. 14. ---I’ll ask the teacher about the attributive clause. I’m very puzzled about it. ---That’s just where most of our classmates have doubt. 15. Many of the creatures in Rowling's world are not real, and much of what happens is strange. 16. The manager demanded that his lawyer be called (call) or he wouldn’t say a single word. 17. It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 18. Not only the swimmers who are in the swimming pool but also the coach tries (try) to save the drowning girl. 五、句子翻译（汉译英） 1.几乎没有疑问，你的热情和善良可以消除你和他人之间的分歧。(There be 句型，passion) There is little doubt that your passion and kindness can bridge the gap between you and others. 2．没有强烈的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。(without的含蓄虚拟语气） Without a strong teamwork spirit, we wouldn’t complete our tasks very efficiently. 3．露西没有注意到我进来，因为她把注意力集中在了一道数学题上。（with复合结构） Lucy didn’t notice my entry, with her attention focused on a math problem. 4. 由于无法容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场活动呼吁人们保护环境。(tolerate, appeal to） As we can not tolerate people throwing garbage around, a campaign is to be launched to appeal to people to protect the surroundings. 5．他一跃而起，从她手里抢过钱，冲了出去。(spring to one’s feet, seize) He sprung to his feet, seized the money from her and dashed out. 六、话题词汇与作文 1）关于“环境保护”话题的有用的表达 1. 导致，造成，引起 lead to/result in/bring about 2 .对…有影响have an effect/influence/impact on 3. 对…造成极大伤害cause/do great damage to 4. 对…有害处do harm to/be harmful to 5. 呼吁某人做某事call on/appeal to sb. to do sth. 6. 与…和谐相处 live in harmony with… 7. 用尽，耗尽，用完run out of vi/ run out/use up 8. 采取措施做某事take steps/measures/actions to do sth. 9. 对…负责/承担责任 take responsibility for 10. 努力做……make an effort/make every effort/make great efforts/spare no efforts to do sth. 2）好句积累 1. 众所周知，空气污染变得越来越严重了，这引起了我们极大的重视。（定语从句） As is known to us all, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which has attracted our great attention. 2. 为了解决这个问题，政府还有我们个人都应采取有效的措施。 In an attempt to tackle the problem, the government, along with us individuals, should take some effective measures. 3. 政府应制定严格的规章制度，迫使一些工厂关闭或搬出市中心。(doing做结果状语) The government should set up strict regulations, forcing some factories to close down or move out of the city center. 4. 应生产使用新能源的汽车和公交车，只有这样，才能大幅减少二氧化碳排放。（倒装句） Cars and buses using new clean energy should be produced. Only in this way, can the carbon dioxide emission be dramatically reduced/lead to a dramatic decrease. 5. 我们个人应提高保护环境的意识，并呼吁更多的人积极参与到此当中来。 We as individuals should raise the awareness of environmental protection and call on more people to be actively involved in it. 6. 正是随着这些措施的生效和国民做出的不懈努力，我坚信我们能过上更幸福的生活。 It is with these measures in effect and tireless efforts made by citizens that I hold the firm belief that we can live a happier life. 3）单元主题写作：write a report on an environmental issue 典例详析 某英文报刊将开展一次主题为“Environmental Protection”的征文活动。请你以“Reducing air pollution”为题，写一篇100词左右的英文报告。内容如下： 1. 提出问题；2. 给出建议； 3.得出结论及期望。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时 要求：1.提出问题；2. 给出建议； 3.得出结论及期望。 Reducing air pollution As is known to us all, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which has caused our great attention. In an attempt to tackle the problem, the government, along with us individuals, should take some effective measures. To begin with, the government should set up strict regulations, forcing some factories to close down or move out of the city center. Furthermore, cars and buses using new clean energy should be produced. Only in this way, can the carbon dioxide emission bring about a dramatic decrease. Most importantly/Best of all, we as individuals should raise the awareness of environmental protection and call on more people to be actively involved in it. It is with these measures in effect and tireless efforts made by citizens that I hold the firm belief that we can live a happier life. Part Two 能力提升 第一部分　阅读 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Teen Eco-Art Exhibition Young artists share your artwork and viewpoints on our environment in the Teen Eco-Art Exhibition this Spring! Submission is open to artists from Grades 11-12 who reside in West Vancouver or attend a West Vancouver secondary school. Submissions will be reviewed by a Selection Committee. Artwork will be assessed on creative use of materials and expression of the theme. Submission criteria (标准) •Artwork addressing environmental themes such as clean water, climate change, sustainability, conservation, pollution, etc. •Artwork created primarily from sustainable, repurposed, recycled materials. Other media such as paint, photography, paper, etc. can be used in combination with repurposed materials. •Size. Wall-mounted (固定在墙上的) artwork: no larger than 36''×36''. Sculpture: no larger than l'5''×1'5''×1'5''. •Artwork should be exhibition ready. Wall-mounted artwork should have hanging wire, D-rings or hangers. Sculptures should be able to stand on their own. Artist statement: clear and brief, 100-200 word statement regarding your art practice and the concept/ theme of the work being considered. How to submit Complete the submission form & upload the required materials. Submission close March 25, 6 pm. Results Artists will be notified by April 6. Exhibition location West Vancouver Memorial Library, 1950 Marine Dr. Exhibition Dates April 15-May 29. If you have any questions please contact Gallery Coordinator Steven Snider at steven. wvcac@shaw. ca. We look forward to seeing your artwork! 1．What do we know about the event? A．It is open to artists of all ages. B．It welcomes half-finished art pieces. C．It is looking for creative works from students. D．It disapproves of works with artists’ statements. 2．What standard should the submission meet? A．It should be larger than 36''×36''. B．It should be able to stand on its own. C．It should avoid repurposed materials. D．It should highlight environmental problems. 3．When will the selected works be announced? A．March 25. B．April 6. C．April 15. D．May 29. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则通知——高中11-12年级生或者West Vancouver中学的学生可以参加Teen Eco-Art Exhibition艺术展览。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中1、2、3段内容“Young artists share your artwork and viewpoints on our environment in the Teen Eco-Art Exhibition this Spring! Submission is open to artists from Grades 11-12 who reside in West Vancouver or attend a West Vancouver secondary school. Submissions will be reviewed by a Selection Committee. Artwork will be assessed on creative use of materials and expression of the theme. (年轻艺术家在今年春天的青少年生态艺术展上分享你的艺术作品和对我们环境的看法！居住在西温哥华或就读西温哥华中学的11-12年级艺术家均可提交。提交的内容将由遴选委员会审查。艺术品将评估材料的创造性使用和主题的表达)”可知本，次活动是要求高中11-12年级的学生提交环境主题相关的创意作品。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Submission criteria (标准)部分中“•Artwork addressing environmental themes such as clean water, climate change, sustainability, conservation, pollution, etc. •Artwork created primarily from sustainable, repurposed, recycled materials. Other media such as paint, photography, paper, etc. can be used in combination with repurposed materials.(•涉及环境主题的艺术品，如清洁水、气候变化、可持续性、保护、污染等。•艺术品主要由可持续、再利用、回收的材料制成。其他媒体，如油漆、摄影、纸张等。可与再利用的材料结合使用)”可知，作品必须关注与环境相关的主题，需要使用可持续利用、在利用的材料，作品需要满足关于环境问题的要求。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据文中Results部分“Artists will be notified by April 6.(艺术家将在 4 月 6 日之前收到通知)” 可知，入选作品将于4月6日公布。故选B项。 B Global warming has been a public concern for a long time. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet, meaning more and more ice is melting (融化) every year. “It’s really worrying—the rapid loss of sea ice up there—for a lot of reasons.” Tracey Goldstein, a researcher and environmentalist at U.C． Davis, says, “One of those reasons is sea animals like ice seals (海豹) need the ice to live and give birth. Besides, as the Arctic warms, the fish the seals eat may be moving to deeper and colder waters. So the seals have to travel farther to hunt them. So the combination of all of that is probably going to affect their health and their body condition. And that will make them not just underweight but also easier to catch other diseases.” And those diseases may also be killing Arctic sea mammals (哺乳动物) because Arctic sea ice is melting. When there used to be an ice bridge, certain populations would remain separate from each other, so they couldn’t come in contact and give each other their bacteria, their viruses, etc. But once those channels started to open, animals were able to move further and came into contact with new species that they hadn’t come into contact with in the past. Goldstein and her coworkers recorded the spread of a disease from 2001 through 2016, which proved to be related to the death of sea mammals. Mammals that depend on ice to survive may already be on the edge of extinction. And more frequent outbreak of diseases could speed up the process. Meanwhile, humans may be affected too. Up in the Arctic, people really rely on these animals for their livelihood and well-being. And as those animals disappear, or as their habitat disappears, that’s also going to heavily influence humans in that area. So the overall health of the environment, the animals and the people up in the Arctic over time is just going to continue to deteriorate. Unless, we humans take meaningful measures to slow the planet’s warming. 4．What is the author’s purpose of the first paragraph? A．To make a comparison. B．To offer some evidence. C．To put forward an opinion. D．To present the phenomenon. 5．Which is less likely to happen to sea animals because of the melting ice? A．They will stay in shape and keep healthy. B．They will come in contact with new species. C．They will have to go farther to hunt for foo D．They will have no place to give birth to babies 6．What does the underlined word “deteriorate” mean? A．Develop. B．Vary. C．Impact. D．Worsen. 7．What is NOT the fact according to the last paragraph? A．Mammals that depend on ice to live are dying out. B．Diseases that break out frequently make things worse. C．Humans living in that area have adapted to the change. D．Researchers found the disease related to mammals’ death. 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北极冰层的融化对海洋动物带来的种种负面影响，以及由此产生的对人类生活的影响。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Global warming has been a public concern for a long time. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet, meaning more and more ice is melting (融化) every year.(长期以来，全球变暖一直是公众关注的问题。北极变暖的速度是地球其他地区的两倍，这意味着每年越来越多的冰正在融化)”推知，第一段是为了提出北极地区冰层融化的现象。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“So the combination of all of that is probably going to affect their health and their body condition. And that will make them not just underweight but also easier to catch other diseases.(因此，所有这些的结合可能会影响他们的健康和身体状况。这将使他们不仅体重不足，而且更容易感染其他疾病)”可知，冰雪融化，动物最不可能发生的是依然保持健康。故选A。 6．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“Up in the Arctic, people really rely on these animals for their livelihood and well-being. And as those animals disappear, or as their habitat disappears, that’s also going to heavily influence humans in that area. So the overall health of the environment, the animals and the people up in the Arctic over time is just going to continue to deteriorate.(在北极地区，人们的生计和福祉确实依赖这些动物。随着这些动物的消失，或者它们的栖息地的消失，这也将对该地区的人类产生重大影响。因此，随着时间的推移，北极地区的环境、动物和人类的整体健康状况将继续deteriorare)”可知，在北极地区人们的生活和福祉依赖这些动物，它们的消失对该地区的人类影响重大。随着时间的推移，北极地区的环境、动物和人类的整体健康状况会恶化。由此猜测划线词意为“恶化”，与worsen同义。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, humans may be affected too. Up in the Arctic, people really rely on these animals for their livelihood and well-being. And as those animals disappear, or as their habitat disappears, that’s also going to heavily influence humans in that area. (与此同时，人类也可能受到影响。在北极地区，人们的生计和福祉确实依赖这些动物。随着这些动物的消失，或者它们的栖息地的消失，这也将对该地区的人类产生重大影响)”可知，冰雪融化给生活在那里的人带来的负面影响。因此C项“生活在那个地区的人们已经适应了这种变化”是错误的。故选C。 C Microplastic pollution is increasing greatly around the globe, according to a study of plastic particles (微粒) carried in the air. People are already known to breathe, drink and eat microplastics, and research suggests that pollution levels will continue to rise rapidly. The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases. Professor Natalie Mahowald, at Cornell University in the US and part of the research team, said, “But maybe we could solve this before it becomes a huge problem, if we manage our plastics better, before they accumulate in the environment and move around everywhere.” The research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, examined airborne (空气传播的) microplastics, which have been far less, studied than plastics in oceans and rivers. The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. These are likely to include particles from tires and brake pads on vehicles, and plastics from litter that had been broken down. The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia. Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.” 8．What can breathing in microplastics result in? A．Inability to eat and drink. B．Losing the sense of hearing. C．Suffering from lung diseases. D．Temporary loss of consciousness 9．How does the author organize Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting statistics. C．By making comparisons. D．By making a definition. 10．What may contribute most to the microplastic pollution in India? A．Human activities. B．Particles from fields. C．Particles from tires and litter. D．Changes of the environment. 11．What can we learn from Stohl’s words? A．The nature of microplastic transport is misunderstood. B．The potential damage of microplastic pollution is ignored. C．The way of collecting samples of microplastics should be improved. D．More data needs collecting to understand the sources of microplastics. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．B 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家在全球所作的一项关于微塑料在空气中污染的调查，发现各国空气中的塑料微粒来源不同，但具体的来源还需要精确的测量数据。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers said that breathing in these particles can be harmful to lung tissue and lead to serious diseases.”（研究人员表示，吸入这些颗粒物会对肺组织有害，并导致严重疾病。）可知，吸入微塑料会导致肺部疾病。故选C项。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段“The team gathered more than 300 samples of airborne microplastics from 11 sites across the western US. These were the basis for atmospheric modeling that estimated the contribution from different sources. They found that roads were the main factor in the western US, linked to about 85% of the microplastics in the air. （该团队从美国西部的11个地点收集了300多个空气传播的微塑料样本。这些是估计不同来源贡献的大气建模的基础。他们发现，道路是美国西部的主要因素，与空气中约85%的微塑料有关。）可知，本段列举了多个数据，如300 samples、 11 sites和85% of the microplastics in the air，可知作者是通过呈现数据来组织段落的。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers extended their modeling work to a global level and this suggested that while roads are also likely to be the major driver of airborne plastics in Europe, South America and Australia, plastic particles blown up from fields may be a much bigger factor in Africa and Asia.”（研究人员将他们的建模工作扩展到了全球范围，这表明，虽然道路也可能是欧洲、南美和澳大利亚空气中塑料的主要驱动因素，但在非洲和亚洲，从田地里吹出的塑料颗粒可能是一个更大的因素。）可知，印度属于亚洲国家，印度微塑料污染的可能的主要原因来自田地里的塑料颗粒。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。根据第六段“Professor Andreas Stohl of the University of Vienna’s Faculty of Earth Sciences said, “The study confirms the global-scale nature of microplastic transport in the atmosphere and does a good job in highlighting highly relevant and concerning possibilities, but more measurement data is needed to get a better idea of the sources.””（维也纳大学地球科学学院的安德烈亚斯·斯托尔教授说：“这项研究证实了微塑料在大气中传输的全球范围的性质，并很好地突出了高度相关和令人担忧的可能性，但还需要更多的测量数据来更好地了解来源。”）可知，我们从斯托尔的话中了解到的是需要收集更多数据来了解微塑料的来源。故选D项。 D When you hear the word “recycling”, what comes to your mind? The color green or global warming? What if I were to tell you there is a dark side of recycling? A type of recycling that does more harm than good. The dark side of recycling has nothing to do with the environment but rather has a lot to do with the recycling of ideas. Environmental unrest isn’t the only trouble we must face. Idea pollution is quickly becoming widespread across the online world. Think about it. When was the last time you read an original blog post? I’m guessing it has been quite a while. Why do you think top bloggers (博主) of today win so much respect? Do you think they recycle their ideas? With each recycled idea, the online world becomes much more polluted. Used content contributes to the ever­increasing mass of digital smog (烟雾). The first step to reduce pollution is simple: stop recycling. When you stop recycling, you will then be forced to take up the task of creating your own ideas. When you recycle an excellent idea, it soon becomes good. When you recycle a good idea, it soon becomes just OK. The chain continues until the key part of what used to make the idea good is saturated (饱和的) , leaving you nothing but a pile of mess. In order not to pollute, your ideas must go beyond “just recycled”. Your ideas must stand out from the pollution of the Web. For your voice and talent to be heard and seen, you must go far beyond the standard copy of your neighbours’ ideas. For the next step, make a promise not to recycle. Let your ideas flourish and flow. Believe in your ability to create, because the death of recycling starts with YOU. 12．Which is TRUE about top bloggers of today according to the writer? A．They don’t recycle their ideas. B．They tend to express many fresh ideas. C．They are not worth much respect. D．They make good use of others’ ideas. 13．The 5th paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．the bad effects of recycling ideas B．the good effects of stopping recycling C．how to stop recycling ideas D．how to recycle good ideas online 14．This passage is written mainly for ________. A．top bloggers B．common bloggers C．environment polluters D．Net researchers 15．The main purpose of this passage is ________. A．to remind people to pay attention to environmental protection B．to prove that the Web environment is becoming worse and worse C．to warn people not to pollute our Web environment with bad words D．to call on people to write online more creatively instead of repeating 【答案】12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了回收也有不好的一面，且回收的阴暗面与环境无关，而与创意的回收有很大关系。想污染正在网络世界迅速蔓延，说明了减少污染的步骤。 12．细节理解题。根据第四段“Why do you think top bloggers (博主) of today win so much respect? Do you think they recycle their ideas? With each recycled idea, the online world becomes much more polluted. Used content contributes to the ever­increasing mass of digital smog (烟雾).(为什么你认为今天的顶级博主赢得了如此多的尊重？你认为他们会重复利用自己的想法吗？随着每一个被回收的创意，网络世界的污染变得更加严重。二手内容助长了不断增加的数字烟雾)”可知，根据作者的说法，关于当今的顶级博主，C选项“他们不值得尊重”正确。故选C。 13．主旨大意题。根据第五段“The first step to reduce pollution is simple: stop recycling. When you stop recycling, you will then be forced to take up the task of creating your own ideas. When you recycle an excellent idea, it soon becomes good. When you recycle a good idea, it soon becomes just OK. The chain continues until the key part of what used to make the idea good is saturated (饱和的) , leaving you nothing but a pile of mess.(减少污染的第一步很简单:停止回收。当你停止回收利用时，你将被迫承担起创造自己想法的任务。当你循环利用一个好主意时，它很快就会变得很好。当你循环利用一个好主意时，它很快就会变得不错。这个链条会一直持续下去，直到让你的想法变得好起来的关键部分饱和，只剩下一堆乱七八糟的东西)”可知，第五段主要讨论了回收观念的不良影响。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In order not to pollute, your ideas must go beyond “just recycled”. Your ideas must stand out from the pollution of the Web. For your voice and talent to be heard and seen, you must go far beyond the standard copy of your neighbours’ ideas.(为了不污染，你的想法必须超越“只是回收”。你的想法必须从网络的污染中脱颖而出。为了让别人听到和看到你的声音和才能，你必须远远超越对邻居想法的标准复制)”结合第四段中作者批判了顶级博主，可推知，这篇文章主要是为普通博主写的。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For the next step, make a promise not to recycle. Let your ideas flourish and flow. Believe in your ability to create, because the death of recycling starts with YOU.(下一步，承诺不回收。让你的想法蓬勃发展。相信你的创造能力，因为回收的消亡从你开始)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是呼吁人们更有创造性地在网上写作，而不是重复。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, cotton bags have risen to popularity as an eco-friendly alternative to single-use bags. Many supermarkets have made the change. ___16___ As a study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark shows, a cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset (抵消) its overall impact of production on the environment. ___17___ According to this measure, for Venetia Berry, an artist in London who found she had at least 25 cotton bags, she would have to live for more than 1,000 years to offset her current bags. According to the Circular Laboratory, it requires between 10,000 and 20,000 liters of water to produce one kilogram of cotton. And only 15 percent of the 30 million tons of cotton produced every year actually makes its way to textile (纺织品) warehouses. Even when a cotton bag does make it to a treatment plant, most logos printed on them are not recyclable. ___18___ . That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic. They both have disadvantages. ___19___ And plastic bags use fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases, never biodegrade (生物降解) and block the oceans. Buffy Reid, of the British knitwear label & Daughter, stopped production of her cotton bags in April 2021. ___20___ For example, British designer Ally Capellino replaced cotton with hemp (麻纤维). In fact, the simplest solution may be the most obvious: Not every product needs a bag. A．Cotton has dried up rivers for water use. B．Some companies are turning to other textile solutions. C．They’re extremely difficult to break down chemically. D．We are hardly aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging. E．That is equal to daily use for 54 years for just one cotton bag. F．However, the production process requires using much more water. G．But the increase in the use of cotton bags may have created a new problem. 【答案】16．G 17．E 18．C 19．A 20．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了近年来，棉布于提袋越来越流行，棉布手提袋看似比塑料袋环保许多.但它真的对环境无害吗？ 16．根据空格后句 “As a study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark shows, a cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset its overall impact of production on the environment. ”（丹麦环境和食品部的一项研究表明，一个棉袋需要使用20000次才能抵消其生产对环境的总体影响。）可知，这里是指出使用棉袋的负面影响，G选项的 “But the increase in the use of cotton bags may have created a new problem.”（但是，棉袋使用量的增加可能带来了一个新的问题），与后句语义相呼应，且引出话题，故选G。 17．根据空格前句 “As a study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark shows, a cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset its overall impact of production on the environment. ”（丹麦环境和食品部的一项研究表明，一个棉袋需要使用20000次才能抵消其生产对环境的总体影响。）可知，这里指的是棉袋的使用次数问题，E选项的 “That is equal to daily use for 54 years for just one cotton bag.”（这相当于一个棉袋54年来的日常使用量），是对前句的进一步阐释，故选E。 18．根据空格前句 “Even when a cotton bag does make it to a treatment plant, most logos printed on them are not recyclable.”（即使棉袋真的被送到了处理厂，印在上面的大多数标志也是不可回收的。）可知，这里指的是棉袋的缺点以及原因，C选项的 “They’re extremely difficult to break down chemically.”（它们极难被化学分解），是对前句原因的进一步解释，故选C。 19．根据空格前句 “They both have disadvantages”（它们都有缺点）以及后句“And plastic bags use fossil fuels that produce greenhouse gases, never biodegrade and block the oceans”（塑料袋使用的化石燃料会产生温室气体，永远不会生物降解并阻挡海洋）可知，这里指的是两者的缺点并指出了塑料袋的缺点，显然，空格处要指出棉袋的缺点，A选项的 “Cotton has dried up rivers for water use.”（棉花使以供用水的河流干涸。），符合前后逻辑，故选A。 20．根据空格后句 “For example, British designer Ally Capellino replaced cotton with hemp”（例如，英国设计师Ally Capellino用麻纤维取代了棉花）可知，这里指的是其他替代方案，B选项的 “Some companies are turning to other textile solutions.”（一些公司正在转向其他纺织品解决方案），这些例子的高度概括，先总后分，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eradajere Oleita is a 26-year-old student and environmentalist. She has got something about the ____21____ to two of her country’s problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. Oleita is asking a ____22____ of local snack lovers: Rather than throw empty chip bags into garbage cans, ____23____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the ____24____. Chip eaters ____25____ their empty bags at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers ____26____ them. After they disinfect (消毒) the ____27____ in soapy hot water, they slice them open and iron them together. Then they use cotton and liners (内衬) from old coats to line the insides. It ____28____ about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each requires around 150 to 300 chip bags, ____29____ on whether they’re single-serve or family-size. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bags Project has _____30_____ 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be _____31_____ to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. However, that’s only half the _____32_____ for Oleita. “We aim to make a(n) _____33_____ not only socially, but environmentally,” said Oleita. “It is worth _____34_____ chip bags and using them to help the homeless. _____35_____, they would land in the garbage.” 21．A．reaction B．solution C．response D．way 22．A．suggestion B．permission C．favor D．promise 23．A．donate B．reserve C．sort D．change 24．A．poor B．elderly C．homeless D．sick 25．A．deliver B．drop off C．hand out D．reuse 26．A．guard B．promote C．place D．collect 27．A．garbage cans B．chip bags C．sleeping bags D．print stores 28．A．takes B．consumes C．lasts D．loses 29．A．concentrating B．insisting C．depending D．agreeing 30．A．sold B．created C．decorated D．received 31．A．simpler B．cooler C．clever D．formal 32．A．project B．issue C．battle D．goal 33．A．impression B．announcement C．impact D．decision 34．A．recycling B．maintaining C．improving D．producing 35．A．However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩Eradajere Oleita通过回收薯片袋为无家可归的人制作睡袋，解决垃圾和贫困问题的故事。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对解决她的国家面临的两个问题——垃圾和贫困——做了一些事情。A. reaction反应；B. solution解决方案；C. response回复；D. way道路。根据下文“It’s called the Chip Bag Project.”可知，Oleita开展了具体的项目，所以是对这两个问题有了解决方案。故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Oleita请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐给她，让她把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. suggestion建议；B. permission许可；C. favor帮助；D. promise承诺。根据下文“Rather than throw empty chip bags into garbage cans”可知，Oleita请他们不要扔了薯片袋，所以是请当地零食爱好者帮个忙。故选C。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Oleita请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐给她，让她把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. donate捐赠；B. reserve储备；C. sort整理；D. change改变。根据上文“Rather than throw empty chip bags into garbage cans”可知，Oleita请他们不要扔了薯片袋，应该是希望把薯片袋捐给她去做睡袋。故选A。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Oleita请求当地零食爱好者帮个忙：与其把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶，不如把它们捐给她，让她把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋。A. poor贫穷的；B. elderly老年的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. sick生病的。根据上文“poverty”和下文内容可推知，穷困到无家可归的人才会需要这种睡袋。故选C。 25．考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的空袋子放在底特律的两个地方：一家打印店和一家服装店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集它们。A. deliver投递；B. drop off放下；C. hand out分发；D. reuse重新使用。根据上文“Rather than throw empty chip bags into garbage cans”可知，吃薯片的人不会直接扔掉薯片袋，应该是放在固定的这两个地方，留给Oleita的项目使用。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的空袋子放在底特律的两个地方：一家打印店和一家服装店，Oleita和她的志愿者在那里收集它们。A. guard警卫；B. promote促进；C. place放置；D. collect收集。根据下文“After they disinfect (消毒) the ____7____ in soapy hot water, they slice them open and iron them together.”可知，后面会对这些袋子进行处理，Oleita和志愿者应该需要先收集起来。故选D。 27．考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：他们在含肥皂的热水中对薯片袋消毒后，将它们切开并熨烫在一起。A. garbage cans垃圾桶；B. chip bags薯片袋；C. sleeping bags睡袋；D. print stores打印店。根据上文“Chip eaters ____5____ their empty bags”可知，Oleita和志愿者是对这些薯片袋进行消毒。故选B。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是单人食用还是家庭食用。A. takes花费；B. consumes消耗；C. lasts持续；D. loses失去。根据“It ____8____ about four hours to”可知，此处用固定句型It takes/took some time to do sth.，意为“做……花费多少时间”，空处需用takes。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是单人食用还是家庭食用。A. concentrating集中；B. insisting坚持；C. depending依靠；D. agreeing同意。根据上文“around 150 to 300 chip bags”和下文“whether they’re single-serve or family-size”可知，每个睡袋需要的薯片袋的数量不固定，应该是取决于薯片袋的大小，是单人食用还是家庭食用。depend on是固定短语，意为“取决于”。故选C。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年启动以来，“薯片袋项目”已经制作了110个睡袋。A. sold销售；B. created制造；C. decorated装饰；D. received收到。根据上文“so she can turn them into sleeping bags”可知，Oleita他们是制作睡袋。故选B。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，筹钱买新睡袋会更简单。A. simpler更简单的；B. cooler更酷的；C. clever聪明的；D. formal正式的。根据下文“to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags”可知，直接筹钱买睡袋比起用薯片袋制作睡袋更简单。故选A。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这只是Oleita目标的一半。A. project项目；B. issue问题；C. battle战斗；D. goal目标。根据下文“We aim to make a(n) 　　12　　　 not only socially, but environmentally”可知，获得睡袋只是一半的目标。故选D。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Oleita说：“我们的目标是不仅对社会产生影响，而且对环境产生影响。”A. impression印象；B. announcement宣布；C. impact影响；D. decision决定。根据上文“She has got something about the ____1____ to two of her country’s problems: garbage and poverty.”可知，Oleita发起这个项目的目标是解决垃圾和贫困两个问题，不仅产生社会影响，而且产生环境影响。故选C。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回收薯片袋，用它们来帮助无家可归的人是值得的。A. recycling回收；B. maintaining维护；C. improving改善；D. producing生产。根据上文“so she can turn them into sleeping bags”以及Oleita和志愿者们用薯片袋制作睡袋的过程可知，他们回收利用薯片袋。故选A。 35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：否则，它们会落在垃圾里。A. However但是；B. Moreover此外；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“they would land in the garbage”可知，薯片袋会落入垃圾里，这是不回收薯片袋去做睡袋的结果，Otherwise“否则”符合语境。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Shanxi Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve, with the Hongjiannao Lake at its center, is located in the north of Shanxi Province. This wetland is one of the main ____36____ (habitat) for Central Asian gull (鸥), a migratory bird species ____37____ (list) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species. The Central Asian gull breeds (繁殖) inland in places including Kazakhstan, Mongolia and the ____38____ (north) part of China, spending their winters around the Bohai Sea. In spring, they fly to desert lakes in Northwest China. However, the environment around Hongjiannao Lake became worse,____39____ (make) it harder for the gulls to survive. In 2010, 7, 700 baby gulls were bred within a year. However, after 2012 the number of mid- lake islands ____40____ the gulls made their nests kept decreasing, leading to ____41____ number of the baby gulls dropping to 2, 000. To protect the environment, the Hongjiannao Nature Reserve ____42____ (establish) in 2014. So far, the Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve ____43____ (take) a series of measures to restore the ecology, like river management and water quality monitoring and control. According ____44____ the data obtained from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in 2017, there were only dozens of gull nests. Yet in 2019, the nests increased to 800, and in 2022 _____45_____ (far) increased to 4, 700. 【答案】36．habitats 37．listed 38．northern 39．making 40．where 41．the 42．was established 43．has taken 44．to 45．further 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红碱淖国家级自然保护区位于山西省北部，其中心是红碱淖湖。这片湿地是中亚海鸥的主要栖息地之一。 36．考查名词的数。句意：这片湿地是中亚海鸥的主要栖息地之一，中亚海鸥是一种被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录的候鸟。habitat为可数名词，此处为one of+复数名词。故填habitats。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这片湿地是中亚海鸥的主要栖息地之一，中亚海鸥是一种被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录的候鸟。分析句子结构可知a migratory bird species与list构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填listed。 38．考查形容词。句意：中亚海鸥在内陆地区繁殖，包括哈萨克斯坦、蒙古和中国北部，在渤海周围过冬。修饰名词part应用形容词northern，作定语。故填northern。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，红碱淖湖周围的环境变得越来越糟糕，使得海鸥难以生存。分析句子结构可知make与逻辑主语the environment around Hongjiannao Lake became worse构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。 40．考查定语从句。句意：然而，2012年之后，海鸥筑巢的湖中岛屿数量不断减少，导致幼鸥的数量下降到2000只。定语从句修饰先行词islands，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 41．考查冠词。句意：然而，2012年之后，海鸥筑巢的湖中岛屿数量不断减少，导致幼鸥的数量下降到2000只。短语the number of表示“……的数量”。故填the。 42．考查时态语态。句意：为保护环境，2014年建立了红碱淖自然保护区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2014可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was established。 43．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，红碱淖国家级自然保护区已经采取了一系列措施来恢复生态，如河流管理和水质监测和控制。根据上文so far可知为现在完成时，主语为the Hongjiannao National Nature Reserve，助动词用has。故填has taken。 44．考查介词。句意：根据中国生态环境部的数据，2017年，这里只有几十个海鸥巢穴。表示“根据”短语为according to。故填to。 45．考查副词。句意：然而在2019年，这些巢穴增加到800个，到2022年进一步增加到4700个。修饰动词increase，表示“进一步”应用further。故填further。 第四部分写作（共两节、满分40分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，学校为提升学生垃圾分类的意识，邀请你为校英语宣传栏写一封以“垃圾分类，保护环境”为主题的倡议书。内容包括： 1.倡议的原因和目的；2.倡议的具体内容；3.发出倡议。 参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage sorting 区分 differentiate 注意：词数80左右 可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends， Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day, such as leftover food, waste paper and plastic bottles, which brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources. Therefore, it’s time we took immediate action to change the situation. First of all, it is necessary for us to raise awareness of environmental protection and develop the good habit of garbage sorting. What’s more, we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from non-recyclables in our daily life. In a word, if everyone does his / her bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school will become better and better. 第二节读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year. This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I said,and with Jason helping to support its weight，I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. 【答案】Paragraph 1 It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Dad was summoned – less, it seemed, in expectation of practical help than to make sure he didn’t miss out on the spectacle. I heard him propose calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mom; she’d mentioned she was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then I realized she’d been filming the whole time. The video cuts before my rescue —Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undo the rubber band round my ponytail. I emerged with squash-conditioned hair, a sore chin and my nose plugged with pulp. Paragraph 2 The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. By the end of that day, it had over 1,000 views. People asked Mom to put it on YouTube, and by Wednesday morning we were getting 5:00 am calls from TV breakfast shows and then the international media – the video started racking up hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it. 【解析】 【分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家有在万圣节雕刻南瓜传统，今年也不例外，家里所有人都在厨房的餐桌上辛勤地工作着，而作者的妈妈则在拍摄一年一度的活动。结果作者将头伸进了南瓜里，被卡住了，无论如何也无法挣脱出来，妈妈却趁机拍下了这一幕，后来作者得救，视频也被上传到网上走红，这段视频开始获得数十万的点击量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“虽然时间只过去了五、六分钟，但还是感觉要长得多。”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何在爸爸的帮助下得救的。 ②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者头被卡在南瓜里这段视频在网上的走红情况，以及视频走红对作者家和作者的影响。 2.续写线索：爸爸被喊来帮忙——妈妈拍下了全过程——作者得救——视频被上传——视频走红——视频对作者家和作者的影响 3.词汇激活 行为类 确保：make sure / guarantee 打算做某事：be going to do sth./ intend to do sth. 出来：emerge / come out 情绪类 实际：practical / useful 出名：become a minor celebrity / be famous 【点睛】[高分句型1] When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2]Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it. (运用了动名词作宾语) 积跬步，无以至千里。 不积小流，无以成江海。1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $