Unit 7 Avoid Danger Keep Safe（知识清单）英语新教材鲁教版七年级上册

Unit 7 Avoid Danger Keep Safe 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、居家安全场景： 1.match（火柴）Never play with matches.（绝不要玩火柴。） 2.lighter（打火机）Don't play with lighters.（不要玩打火机。） 3.fire（火；火灾）Fire is very dangerous.（火是非常危险的。） 4.gas（煤气）Turn off the gas after cooking.（做完饭后关掉煤气。） 5.stove（炉子）Don't touch the hot stove.（不要碰热的炉子。） 6.iron（熨斗）Keep away from the hot iron.（远离热的熨斗。） 7.electrical（电的）Stay away from electrical outlets.（远离电源插座。） 8.outlet（插座）Don't stick anything into outlets.（不要把东西插进插座。） 9.stranger（陌生人）Don't open the door for strangers.（不要给陌生人开门。） 10.alone（独自的）When you're at home alone...（当你一个人在家时……） 二、户外活动安全场景： 1.helmet（头盔）Wear your helmet when riding.（骑车时戴头盔。） 2.skateboard（滑板）He rode his skateboard.（他滑滑板。） 3.balance（平衡）He lost his balance.（他失去了平衡。） 4.speed（速度）He picked up speed.（他加速了。） 5.stone（石头）The skateboard hit a stone.（滑板撞到了石头。） 6.push（推；蹬）With a push, he was off.（他用力一蹬，滑了出去。） 7.ride（骑）Ride a bike carefully.（小心骑自行车。） 8.wear（戴）Remember to wear your helmet.（记得戴头盔。） 三、事故与急救场景： 1.accident（事故）Prevent accidents.（预防事故。） 2.hurt（受伤）He was not seriously hurt.（他没有受重伤。） 3.shock（电击；震惊）You could get shocked.（你可能会触电。） 4.fall（跌倒）He fell forward.（他向前摔倒了。） 5.lose（失去）He lost his balance.（他失去了平衡。） 6.protect（保护）The helmet protected him.（头盔保护了他。） 7.seriously（严重地）Nothing seriously wrong.（没什么严重问题。） 四、情感与评价场景： 1.dangerous（危险的）Fire is dangerous.（火是危险的。） 2.safe（安全的）Keep yourself safe.（保持自身安全。） 3.luckily（幸运的是）Luckily, he was not hurt.（幸运的是，他没受伤。） 4.thankful（感激的）He felt thankful to his mother.（他感激他的妈妈。） 5.careful（小心的）Be careful!（小心！） 6.bravely（勇敢地）He bravely stepped back.（他勇敢地走了回去。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1.play with（玩弄；和……一起玩）Never play with matches.（绝不要玩火柴。） 2.stick into（插入）Don't stick anything into outlets.（不要把东西插进插座。） 3.turn off（关掉）Turn off the gas.（关掉煤气。） 4.turn on（打开）Turn on the light.（打开灯。） 5.stay away from（远离）Stay away from electrical outlets.（远离电源插座。） 6.keep safe（保持安全）Keep yourself safe.（让自己保持安全。） 7.keep sb. safe（使某人安全）His helmet kept him safe.（头盔使他安全。） 8.lose one's balance（失去平衡）He lost his balance.（他失去了平衡。） 9.pick up speed（加速）He picked up speed.（他加速了。） 10.pick up（捡起；接人）Pick up the book.（捡起书。） 11.make sure（确保）Make sure to turn off the gas.（确保关掉煤气。） 12.get shocked（触电）You could get shocked.（你可能会触电。） 13.get hurt（受伤）He got hurt.（他受伤了。） 14.fall forward（向前摔倒）He fell forward.（他向前摔倒了。） 15.brush against（擦过）The wind brushed against his face.（风拂过他的脸。） 16.can't help but do（忍不住做）He couldn't help but laugh.（他忍不住笑了。） 17.look out（当心）Look out for cars.（当心车辆。） 18.be careful（小心）Be careful on the road.（路上小心。） 19.avoid danger（避免危险）We should avoid danger.（我们应该避免危险。） 二、介词短语 1.at home（在家）When you're at home alone...（当你一个人在家时……） 2.in danger（处于危险中）He was in danger.（他处于危险中。） 3.on fire（着火）The house was on fire.（房子着火了。） 4.by accident（偶然；意外地）I met him by accident.（我偶然遇见了他。） 5.with a push（一蹬；一推）With a push, he was off.（他用力一蹬，滑了出去。） 6.at full speed（全速）He ran at full speed.（他全速奔跑。） 三、名词短语 1.electrical outlet（电源插座）Don't touch the electrical outlet.（不要碰电源插座。） 2.fire drill（消防演习）We have a fire drill every month.（我们每月进行一次消防演习。） 3.safety tips（安全提示）Follow these safety tips.（遵循这些安全提示。） 4.fire escape plan（防火逃生计划）Make a fire escape plan.（制定防火逃生计划。） 5.gas stove（煤气灶）Turn off the gas stove.（关掉煤气灶。） 6.school bus safety policy（校车安全政策）The school has a safety policy.（学校有安全政策。） 四、形容词短语 1.be thankful to（感激某人）He was thankful to his mother.（他感激他的妈妈。） 2.be thankful for（因……感激）I am thankful for your help.（我感谢你的帮助。） 3.be careful with（小心对待）Be careful with the knife.（小心用刀。） 4.be safe from（免受……伤害）Stay safe from danger.（远离危险。） 五、其他固定搭配 1.make sure to do sth.（确保做某事）Make sure to lock the door.（确保锁门。） 2.remember to do sth.（记得去做某事）Remember to wear your helmet.（记得戴头盔。） 3.forget to do sth.（忘记去做某事）Don't forget to turn off the gas.（别忘了关煤气。） 4.remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人做某事）Remind him to wear a helmet.（提醒他戴头盔。） 5.ask for help（寻求帮助）Ask for help when in danger.（遇险时求助。） 6.call for help（呼救）Call for help immediately.（立刻呼救。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、禁止、警告： 1.Never + 动词原形 Never play with matches.（绝不要玩火柴。） 2.Don't + 动词原形 Don't stick anything into outlets.（不要把东西插进插座。） 3.祈使句 + or + 简单句 Don't run, or you may fall.（不要跑，否则你会摔倒。） 二、建议： 1.You should + 动词原形 You should stay away from outlets.（你应该远离插座。） 2.You shouldn't + 动词原形 You shouldn't play near windows.（你不应该在窗户附近玩。） 3.You'd better + 动词原形 You'd better wear a helmet.（你最好戴头盔。） 4.It is dangerous to do sth. It is dangerous to play with fire.（玩火是危险的。） 三、提醒 1.Remember to do sth. Remember to turn off the gas.（记得关掉煤气。） 2.Make sure to do sth. Make sure to keep yourself safe.（确保自己安全。） 3.Don't forget to do sth. Don't forget to wear your helmet.（别忘了戴头盔。） 四、描述事故 1.主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语 The skateboard hit a stone.（滑板撞到了石头。） 2.主语 + lost one's balance + and + fell He lost his balance and fell forward.（他失去平衡向前摔倒。） 3.Luckily, 主语 + was/were not + 副词 + hurt Luckily, he was not seriously hurt.（幸运的是，他没受重伤。） 五、表达感受 1.主语 + couldn't help but + 动词原形 Peter couldn't help but feel thankful.（彼得忍不住感激。） 2.主语 + be thankful to + 人 He was thankful to his mother.（他感激他的妈妈。） 六、询问与请求 1.What are you doing? What are you doing now?（你现在在做什么？） 2.Can/Could you please...? Could you please get the ladder?（你能拿一下梯子吗？） 3.What did you do...? What did you do last weekend?（你上周末做了什么？） 语法 1. 现在进行时 2. 一般过去时 3. 情态动词 can/could 表请求 4. should/shouldn't 表建议 写作 安全建议：如何在家里、路上或运动中保持安全。常见题目：Write a speech about how to keep safe at home. / Give safety tips for riding a bike. 一、知识点精讲 1. avoid v. 避免 【固定搭配】 ① avoid doing sth. 避免做某事（只接动名词，不接不定式） 例句：We should avoid playing with fire.我们应该避免玩火。 ② avoid danger 避免危险 例句：It is important to avoid danger in daily life.在日常生活中避免危险很重要。 2. keep v. 保持；使处于 【固定搭配】 ① keep + 宾语 + 形容词 使……保持某种状态 例句：Please keep the door closed.请让门关着。 ② keep sb. safe 使某人安全 例句：His helmet kept him safe.他的头盔使他安全。 ③ keep doing sth. 一直做某事 例句：He kept practicing the song.他一直练习那首歌。 3. alone adj./adv. 独自的（地） 【固定搭配】 ① leave sb. alone 不打扰某人 例句：Leave him alone. He needs to rest.别打扰他，他需要休息。 ② let alone 更不用说 例句：He can't ride a bike, let alone a skateboard.他连自行车都不会骑，更不用说滑板了。 【易混辨析】alone 强调客观上独自一人，lonely 强调主观上感到孤独。 例句：He lives alone but never feels lonely.他独自居住但从不感到孤独。 4. lose v. 失去 【固定搭配】 ① lose one's balance 失去平衡 例句：He lost his balance and fell down.他失去了平衡，摔倒了。 ② lose one's way 迷路 例句：Don't lose your way in the forest.别在森林里迷路。 ③ lose heart 灰心 例句：Never lose heart even if you fail.即使失败也不要灰心。 5. fall v. 跌倒；落下 【固定搭配】 ① fall forward 向前摔倒 例句：He fell forward onto the ground.他向前摔倒在地上。 ② fall down 摔倒 例句：Be careful not to fall down.小心别摔倒。 ③ fall off 跌落 例句：He fell off his bike.他从自行车上摔了下来。 6. hit v. 撞击；打 【固定搭配】 ① hit sb./sth. 击中某人/某物 例句：The ball hit the window.球击中了窗户。 ② hit a stone 撞到石头 例句：The skateboard hit a stone.滑板撞到了一块石头。 注意：hit 的过去式和过去分词仍然是 hit，不能写成 hitted。 7. hurt v. 受伤；疼痛 【固定搭配】 ① get hurt 受伤 例句：He got hurt in the accident.他在事故中受伤了。 ② hurt oneself 伤到自己 例句：Don't hurt yourself with the knife.别用刀子伤到自己。 注意：hurt 的过去式和过去分词仍然是 hurt，不能写成 hurted。 8. shocked adj. 受电击的；震惊的 【固定搭配】 ① get shocked 触电 例句：Don't touch the wire, or you'll get shocked.别碰那根电线，否则你会触电。 ② be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊 例句：Everyone was shocked by the news.所有人都被那个消息震惊了。 9. thankful adj. 感激的 【固定搭配】 ① be thankful to sb. 感激某人 例句：He was thankful to his mother for her help.他感激他妈妈的帮助。 ② be thankful for sth. 因某事而感激 例句：I am thankful for your kindness.我感谢你的好意。 10. safe adj. 安全的 【固定搭配】 ① keep safe 保持安全 例句：Stay safe and take care.保持安全，保重。 ② safe and sound 安然无恙 例句：They returned home safe and sound.他们安然无恙地回家了。 【名词形式】 safety（安全） 例句：Safety comes first.安全第一。 二、核心语法精讲 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时结构 肯定式：am / is / are + 动词的现在分词（doing） 否定式：am / is / are + not + doing 疑问式：Am / Is / Are + 主语 + doing…? 2. 现在进行时用法 表示说话时正在进行的动作 表示当前一段时间内持续的活动 时间标志：now, at the moment, these days 3. 教材原句 — What are you doing now? — I'm shopping at the supermarket. — Is your mother talking to her sister on the phone? — Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. She is watching the races on TV. 4. 现在分词构成规律 规则 例词 一般动词直接 + ing read → reading, play → playing 以不发音 e 结尾，去 e + ing make → making, ride → riding 重读闭音节，双写尾字母 + ing run → running, hit → hitting 以 ie 结尾，ie 变 y + ing lie → lying, die → dying 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时结构 肯定式：主语 + 动词过去式 否定式：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 疑问式：Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? 2. 一般过去时用法 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，现已结束 时间标志：yesterday, last weekend, … ago, just now, the other day 3. 教材原句 — What did your brother do last weekend? — He went to a farm with his friends. It was a sunny day last Saturday. Peter was excited to try out his new skateboard. The skateboard hit a stone, and he lost his balance and fell forward. 4. 动词过去式变化规律 A. 规则动词： ①一般情况：直接加 -ed work → worked (工作)；play → played (玩耍)；clean → cleaned (打扫) ②以不发音的 e 结尾：只加 -d live → lived (居住)；like → liked (喜欢)；dance → danced (跳舞) ③以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied (学习)；carry → carried (搬运) ④重读 闭音节 结尾：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -ed stop → stopped (停止)；plan → planned (计划)；chat → chatted (聊天) 判断标准：单词末尾是“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”，且重音在最后一个音节上。 B. 不规则动词（本单元重点）： 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 be (am/is) was go went be (are) were come came have had take took do did fall fell say said hurt hurt get got hit hit make made lose lost see saw keep kept write wrote wear wore meet met ride rode eat ate forget forgot give gave shine shone 5. 【易错提醒】 否定句和疑问句中，助动词 did 已经体现过去，后面动词必须还原为原形： · 正确：He didn't wear a helmet.（不是 didn't wore） · 正确：Did he go to the park?（不是 Did he went） 情态动词 can / could 表请求与邀请 1. 结构 请求：Can / Could + 主语 + 动词原形…? 邀请：Can you (come to…)? 回答：Sure. / Of course. / Sorry, I can't. / I'd love to, but… 2. 用法 can：语气较直接 could：语气更委婉、更礼貌（不是过去式） 3. 教材原句 — Can you come to my birthday party tonight? — I'd love to, but I have something important to do. — Could you please get the ladder for me? — Sure. / Sorry. It's too heavy for me. 4. 【易错提醒】 情态动词后必须接动词原形： · 正确：Could you please get the ladder? · 错误：Could you please to get the ladder? 单元语法 4：should / shouldn't 表建议 1. 结构 肯定：主语 + should + 动词原形 否定：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 疑问：Should + 主语 + 动词原形…? 2. 用法 表示“应该 / 不应该”，语气介于 must 与 had better 之间 本单元核心用途：在安全话题中提出“该做 / 不该做” 3. 教材原句 You should stay away from electrical outlets.You shouldn't play near open windows. 4. 【易错提醒】 should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，不能加 to，不能加 s： · 错误：You should to wear a helmet. / He should wears… · 正确：You should wear a helmet. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 话题：安全建议——如何在家里、路上或运动中保持安全。 命题形式： ①写一篇演讲稿，介绍居家安全注意事项。 ②给朋友写一封信，给出骑自行车或滑滑板的安全建议。 ③根据提示，写一篇短文描述一次危险经历并从中吸取的教训。 ④以"How to Keep Safe"为题写一篇说明文。 写作要点： ①明确场景（家里/路上/运动中），针对性地提出建议。 ②.使用祈使句、should/shouldn't、remember to、make sure to 等句型。 ③建议要具体、可操作，避免空洞。 ④可适当加入个人经历或感受，增强说服力。 ⑤结尾要有总结或呼吁，体现"安全第一"的意识。 2. 写作框架 推荐结构：三段式 第一段：引入话题 （点明安全的重要性，引出建议） 常用句型： It is important to keep safe in daily life. / Today I want to share some safety tips with you. 第二段：主体建议 （分场景或分条列举，用 First/Second/Third 或 At home/On the road/When doing sports 等） 每条建议包含：具体做法 + 理由或后果。 常用句型：First, you should... / Second, don't... / Also, remember to... 第三段：总结呼吁 （再次强调安全，发出号召） 常用句型：In a word, safety comes first. / Let's be careful and protect ourselves. 3. 写作素材 常用词汇： 危险源：fire, gas, electrical outlet, stove, iron, stranger, stone, traffic 保护措施：helmet, seat belt, safety rules, fire escape plan 动作：avoid, protect, keep, wear, check, turn off, stay away from 评价：dangerous, safe, careful, lucky, serious, necessary 常用短语： stay away from 远离 keep safe 保持安全 wear a helmet 戴头盔 follow the rules 遵守规则 turn off the gas 关掉煤气 be careful with 小心对待 in danger 处于危险中 ask for help 寻求帮助 常用句型： 引入话题： Safety is very important in our daily life. Here are some tips on how to keep safe. 提出建议： You should / shouldn't + 动词原形 Don't / Never + 动词原形 Remember to + 动词原形 Make sure to + 动词原形 It is dangerous to + 动词原形 举例说明： For example, if you play with matches, you may start a fire. Once I fell off my bike because I didn't wear a helmet. 总结呼吁： In short, safety comes first. Let's take good care of ourselves. 4. 范文背诵 范文一：居家安全建议（How to Keep Safe at Home） 题目：假如你是李华，学校举行"安全伴我行"演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，谈谈如何在家中保持安全。 范文： Good morning, everyone! Today I want to talk about how to keep safe at home. Home seems safe, but there are still many dangers. Here are some useful tips. First, never play with matches or lighters. Fire is very dangerous and can hurt you badly. Second, stay away from electrical outlets. Don't stick anything into them, or you could get shocked. Third, be careful in the kitchen. When you finish cooking, make sure to turn off the gas. Also, don't touch the hot stove or iron. Fourth, don't open the door for strangers. If someone knocks, ask "Who is it?" first. If you don't know the person, call your parents. Finally, remember to keep yourself safe when you are at home alone. Follow these rules, and you will be safe. In a word, safety comes first. Let's be careful and protect ourselves. Thank you! 范文二：户外运动安全建议（Safety Tips for Riding a Bike） 题目：你的朋友Tom刚学会骑自行车，但他经常不戴头盔。请你给他写一封信，告诉他骑自行车的安全注意事项。 范文： Dear Tom, I'm glad that you can ride a bike now. But I noticed you often ride without a helmet. That's very dangerous! I'm writing to give you some safety advice. First, always wear a helmet when riding. It can protect your head if you fall. Second, follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and don't ride too fast. Look left and right before crossing the street. Third, pay attention to the road. Watch out for stones, holes or other obstacles. Don't listen to music while riding because it can distract you. Also, remember to check your bike before riding. Make sure the brakes work well. If you ride at night, wear bright clothes and use lights. I hope you can follow these tips. Your safety is the most important thing. Take care and ride safely! Yours,Li Hua ‌‌ 易错点01 avoid后要接动词-ing形式 【错因辨析】 avoid 是及物动词，意为“避免”，后面只能接动名词（doing），不能接不定式（to do）。 受中文“避免去做某事”的影响，常误写为 avoid to do。 类似的动词还有 finish、mind、enjoy、practice、suggest、imagine 等，它们后面也都只能接 doing。 【助记口诀】 避免、完成、喜欢、练习，后面都接 doing 记心里。 MEPSIF 来帮你：Mind / Enjoy / Practice / Suggest / Imagine / Finish。 【一句话辨异】 We should avoid making mistakes. 不能说 avoid to make。 【对点训练】 1.You should avoid ______ (make) the same mistake again. 【答案】making 【解析】avoid 后接动名词，故填 making。 2.We must avoid ______ (play) with fire. It's too dangerous. 【答案】playing 【解析】avoid 后接动名词，故填 playing。 易错点02 should后要接动词原形（不加to，不变形） 【错因辨析】 should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，不能加 to，也不能随主语变化加 s。 常见错误有两种： 一是 He should to wear a helmet.（加了to）； 二是 He should wears a helmet.（加了s）。正确形式应为 He should wear a helmet。 【助记口诀】 情态动词真奇怪，后面总是原形来。 【一句话辨异】 You should go now. 不能说 You should to go。 【对点训练】 1.You should ______ (stay) away from electrical outlets. 【答案】stay 【解析】should 后接动词原形，故填 stay。 2.He ______ (should not) play near the window. It's dangerous. 【答案】shouldn't 【解析】should not 缩写为 shouldn't，后接动词原形 play。 易错点03 一般过去时中常见不规则动词的变化 【错因辨析】 本单元高频不规则动词的过去式极易出错。具体如下： hit 的过去式仍是 hit，不能写成 hitted。 hurt 的过去式仍是 hurt，不能写成 hurted。 lose 的过去式是 lost，不能写成 losed。 fall 的过去式是 fell，不能写成 falled。 keep 的过去式是 kept，不能写成 keeped。 wear 的过去式是 wore，不能写成 weared。这些错误在写作和语法填空中频繁出现。 【对点训练】 1.The ball ______ (hit) the window and broke it. 【答案】hit 【解析】hit 的过去式不变，仍为 hit。 2.He ______ (lose) his balance and ______ (fall) forward. 【答案】lost; fell 【解析】lose 的过去式是 lost，fall 的过去式是 fell。 3.She ______ (wear) a red dress to the party yesterday. 【答案】wore 【解析】wear 的过去式是 wore。 易错点04 混淆alone（独自）与lonely（孤独） 【错因辨析】 alone 强调“独自一人”的客观状态，不带感情色彩，可作形容词或副词。 lonely 强调“孤独寂寞”的主观感受，带有强烈的感情色彩，只能作形容词。 这两者极易混淆，尤其是在完形填空中。 【一句话辨异】 He lives alone but never feels lonely. 他独自居住但从不感到孤独。 【对点训练】 1.The old man lives ______, but he doesn't feel ______. A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone 【答案】C 【解析】第一空表示“独自居住”，用 alone；第二空表示“感到孤独”，用 lonely。 2.When you are at home ______, don't open the door for strangers. 【答案】alone 【解析】此处表示“独自一人”的客观状态，用 alone。 易错点05 混淆remember to do与remember doing 【错因辨析】 remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事”，动作尚未发生。 remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”，动作已经发生。 类似的还有 forget to do（忘记去做）和 forget doing（忘记做过）。 【助记口诀】 to do 将来做，doing 已做过。 【一句话辨异】 Remember to close the door. 记得去关门（还没关）。 I remember closing the door. 我记得关了门（已经关了）。 【对点训练】 1.Remember ______ (turn) off the gas when you finish cooking. 【答案】to turn 【解析】动作尚未发生，用 remember to do。 2.I remember ______ (meet) him somewhere before. 【答案】meeting 【解析】动作已经发生，用 remember doing。 易错点06 混淆祈使句后的or与and 【错因辨析】 “祈使句 + or + 简单句”表示“做某事，否则会……”，or 意为“否则”。 “祈使句 + and + 简单句”表示“做某事，就会……”，and 意为“那么”。 判断方法：看后面的结果是积极的还是消极的。消极结果用 or，积极结果用 and。 【助记口诀】 祈使句后加 or，否则后果很严重；祈使句后加 and，做好事情就有好结果。 【一句话辨异】 Hurry up, or you'll be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。（消极结果） Study hard, and you'll pass. 努力学习，你就会通过。（积极结果） 【对点训练】 1.Don't stick anything into outlets, ______ you could get shocked. A. and B. or C. but D. so 【答案】B 【解析】“否则”会用 or，表示如果不这样做就会触电。 2.Work hard, ______ you will succeed. A. or B. and C. but D. so 【答案】B 【解析】“那么”会用 and，表示努力就会成功。 易错点07 luckily作副词时应放在句首 【错因辨析】 luckily 是副词，修饰整个句子时通常放在句首，并用逗号隔开。学生常将其放在句中或句末，造成语序不当。 类似用法的副词还有 unfortunately（不幸的是）、hopefully（希望如此）、clearly（显然）等。 【助记口诀】 luckily 放句首，逗号跟着走，修饰整句话，意思更清楚。 【一句话辨异】 Luckily, he was not hurt. 不能说 He luckily was not hurt.（虽然语法上可行，但不如句首自然） 【对点训练】 1.______ (lucky), the driver was not hurt in the accident. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】副词修饰全句，放句首，首字母大写。 2.He passed the exam. ______, he had studied very hard. A. Lucky B. Luck C. Luckily D. Unluckily 【答案】C 【解析】前后逻辑是因果关系，幸运的是他努力学习，用 Luckily。 一、根据所给提示填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空或根据汉语提示写出单词。 1.Never play with ______ (match) or lighters. They are very dangerous. 【答案】matches 【解析】match是可数名词，此处用复数形式matches表示泛指。 2.Don't stick anything into electrical ______ (outlet), or you could get shocked. 【答案】outlets 【解析】outlet是可数名词，此处用复数形式outlets表示泛指。 3.When you finish ______ (cook), make sure to turn off the gas. 【答案】cooking 【解析】finish后接动名词，故填cooking。 4.You should stay ______ from electrical outlets.（远离） 【答案】away 【解析】stay away from是固定短语，意为“远离”。 5.He lost his ______ (平衡) and fell forward. 【答案】balance 【解析】lose one's balance是固定短语，意为“失去平衡”。 6.______ (幸运的是), he was not seriously hurt. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】Luckily是副词，修饰整个句子，放在句首。 7.Remember ______ (wear) your helmet when riding a bike. 【答案】to wear 【解析】remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，动作尚未发生。 8.The skateboard ______ (hit) a stone and he fell down. 【答案】hit 【解析】hit的过去式不变，仍为hit。 9.Peter couldn't help but feel ______ (thank) to his mother. 【答案】thankful 【解析】feel是系动词，后接形容词thankful作表语。 10.We should a______ danger in our daily life. 【答案】avoid 【解析】avoid danger是固定短语，意为“避免危险”，should后接动词原形。 二、单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.— What are you doing now? — I ______ my homework. A. do B. did C. am doing D. was doing 【答案】C 【解析】问句是现在进行时，答语也用现在进行时，结构为am/is/are + doing。 2.— ______ you please get the ladder for me? — Sure. A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 【答案】A 【解析】请求对方帮忙用Can/Could you please...? 此处can表示请求。 3.You ______ play near the open window. It's dangerous. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. can 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你不应该在开着的窗户附近玩耍。表示“不应该”用shouldn't。 4.He ______ his balance and fell off the bike yesterday. A. loses B. lost C. is losing D. will lose 【答案】B 【解析】时间状语yesterday表示过去，用一般过去时。lose的过去式是lost。 5.Remember ______ the door when you leave. A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close 【答案】B 【解析】remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，动作尚未发生。 6.Don't ______ anything into electrical outlets. A. stick B. to stick C. sticking D. sticks 【答案】A 【解析】否定祈使句结构：Don't + 动词原形。 7.When you finish ______ the room, you can go out to play. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 【答案】C 【解析】finish后接动名词，finish doing sth.意为“完成做某事”。 8.— What did your brother do last weekend? — He ______ to a farm with his friends. A. go B. goes C. going D. went 【答案】D 【解析】last weekend是过去时间，用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。 9.You should ______ away from electrical outlets. A. stays B. staying C. stayed D. stay 【答案】D 【解析】should后接动词原形。 10.The wind ______ against his face as he rode the bike. A. brush B. brushes C. brushed D. brushing 【答案】C 【解析】as引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时，brush的过去式是brushed。 三、句型转换 按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。 1.You should play with matches.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ with matches. 【答案】shouldn't play 【解析】should的否定形式是shouldn't，后接动词原形play。 2.Remember to turn off the gas. （改为同义句）______ ______ to turn off the gas. 【答案】Don't forget 【解析】remember to do sth.的同义表达是don't forget to do sth.。 3.He lost his balance and fell forward.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ his balance and fall forward? 【答案】Did; lose 【解析】一般过去时的一般疑问句用Did开头，后接动词原形lose。 4.It is dangerous to play with fire.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ it is to play with fire! 【答案】How dangerous 【解析】感叹句结构：How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！ 5.You should stay away from electrical outlets.（对画线部分提问） ______ should I ______? 【答案】What; do 【解析】对动作提问用What...do，should后接动词原形do。 四、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。 Safety Rules for Kids Being safe is very important for everyone. Here are some safety rules for kids to follow. At Home Never play with matches or lighters. Fire can burn you and your house. Don't touch electrical outlets. Stick nothing into them. Electricity can hurt you badly. Be careful in the kitchen. Don't touch the stove or iron when they are hot. Always ask an adult for help. Don't open the door for strangers. If someone knocks, ask "Who is it?" first. If you don't know the person, call your parents. On the Road Always wear a helmet when riding a bike or a skateboard. It can protect your head. Follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and look left and right before crossing the street. Don't run across the road. Walk carefully. At School Don't run in the hallways. You may fall and get hurt. Don't push others when going downstairs. Walk slowly and carefully. If you see someone in danger, ask a teacher for help. Remember: Safety comes first. Follow these rules and you will be safe. 1.What should you do if a stranger knocks at the door? A. Open the door quickly. B. Ask "Who is it?" first. C. Hide under the bed. D. Call the police immediately. 【答案】B 【解析】文中提到"If someone knocks, ask 'Who is it?' first."，故选B。 2.Why should you wear a helmet when riding a bike? A. Because it looks cool. B. Because it can protect your head. C. Because it is a rule at school. D. Because it can help you ride faster. 【答案】B 【解析】文中提到"It can protect your head."，故选B。 3.What should you NOT do at school according to the passage? A. Walk slowly in the hallways. B. Ask a teacher for help. C. Run in the hallways. D. Go downstairs carefully. 【答案】C 【解析】文中提到"Don't run in the hallways."，故选C。 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Kids can play with matches at home. B. Kids can touch the hot stove if they are careful. C. Kids should follow traffic rules on the road. D. Kids can push others when going downstairs. 【答案】C 【解析】文中提到"Follow traffic rules."，故选C。A、B、D均与原文相反。 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Be a Good Student B. Safety Rules for Kids C. How to Ride a Bike Safely D. Rules at Home and School 【答案】B 【解析】文章主要介绍儿童安全规则，标题应为"Safety Rules for Kids"。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Avoid Danger Keep Safe 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、居家安全场景： 1. （火柴） （绝不要玩火柴。） 2. （打火机） （不要玩打火机。） 3. （火；火灾） （火是非常危险的。） 4. （煤气） （做完饭后关掉煤气。） 5. （炉子） （不要碰热的炉子。） 6. （熨斗） （远离热的熨斗。） 7. （电的） （远离电源插座。） 8. （插座） （不要把东西插进插座。） 9. （陌生人） （不要给陌生人开门。） 10. （独自的） （当你一个人在家时……） 二、户外活动安全场景： 1. （头盔） （骑车时戴头盔。） 2. （滑板） （他滑滑板。） 3. （平衡） （他失去了平衡。） 4. （速度） （他加速了。） 5. （石头） （滑板撞到了石头。） 6. （推；蹬） （他用力一蹬，滑了出去。） 7. （骑） （小心骑自行车。） 8. （戴） （记得戴头盔。） 三、事故与急救场景： 1. （事故） （预防事故。） 2. （受伤） （他没有受重伤。） 3. （电击；震惊） （你可能会触电。） 4. （跌倒） （他向前摔倒了。） 5. （失去） （他失去了平衡。） 6. （保护） （头盔保护了他。） 7. （严重地） （没什么严重问题。） 四、情感与评价场景： 1. （危险的） （火是危险的。） 2. （安全的） （保持自身安全。） 3. （幸运的是） （幸运的是，他没受伤。） 4. （感激的） （他感激他的妈妈。） 5. （小心的） （小心！） 6. （勇敢地） （他勇敢地走了回去。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. （玩弄；和……一起玩） （绝不要玩火柴。） 2. （插入） （不要把东西插进插座。） 3. （关掉） （关掉煤气。） 4. （打开） （打开灯。） 5. （远离） （远离电源插座。） 6. （保持安全） （让自己保持安全。） 7. （使某人安全） （头盔使他安全。） 8. （失去平衡） （他失去了平衡。） 9. （加速） （他加速了。） 10. （捡起；接人） （捡起书。） 11. （确保） （确保关掉煤气。） 12. （触电） （你可能会触电。） 13. （受伤） （他受伤了。） 14. （向前摔倒） （他向前摔倒了。） 15. （擦过） （风拂过他的脸。） 16. （忍不住做） （他忍不住笑了。） 17. （当心） （当心车辆。） 18. （小心） （路上小心。） 19. （避免危险） （我们应该避免危险。） 二、介词短语 1. （在家） （当你一个人在家时……） 2. （处于危险中） （他处于危险中。） 3. （着火） （房子着火了。） 4. （偶然；意外地） （我偶然遇见了他。） 5. （一蹬；一推） （他用力一蹬，滑了出去。） 6. （全速） （他全速奔跑。） 三、名词短语 1. （电源插座） （不要碰电源插座。） 2. （消防演习） （我们每月进行一次消防演习。） 3. （安全提示） （遵循这些安全提示。） 4. （防火逃生计划） （制定防火逃生计划。） 5. （煤气灶） （关掉煤气灶。） 6. （校车安全政策） （学校有安全政策。） 四、形容词短语 1. （感激某人） （他感激他的妈妈。） 2. （因……感激） （我感谢你的帮助。） 3. （小心对待） （小心用刀。） 4. （免受……伤害） （远离危险。） 五、其他固定搭配 1. （确保做某事） （确保锁门。） 2. （记得去做某事） （记得戴头盔。） 3. （忘记去做某事） （别忘了关煤气。） 4. （提醒某人做某事） （提醒他戴头盔。） 5. （寻求帮助） （遇险时求助。） 6. （呼救） （立刻呼救。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、禁止、警告： 1.Never + 动词原形 （绝不要玩火柴。） 2.Don't + 动词原形 （不要把东西插进插座。） 3.祈使句 + or + 简单句 （不要跑，否则你会摔倒。） 二、建议： 1.You should + 动词原形 （你应该远离插座。） 2.You shouldn't + 动词原形 （你不应该在窗户附近玩。） 3.You'd better + 动词原形 （你最好戴头盔。） 4.It is dangerous to do sth. （玩火是危险的。） 三、提醒 1.Remember to do sth. （记得关掉煤气。） 2.Make sure to do sth. （确保自己安全。） 3.Don't forget to do sth. （别忘了戴头盔。） 四、描述事故 1.主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语 （滑板撞到了石头。） 2.主语 + lost one's balance + and + fell （他失去平衡向前摔倒。） 3.Luckily, 主语 + was/were not + 副词 + hurt （幸运的是，他没受重伤。） 五、表达感受 1.主语 + couldn't help but + 动词原形 （彼得忍不住感激。） 2.主语 + be thankful to + 人 （他感激他的妈妈。） 六、询问与请求 1.What are you doing? （你现在在做什么？） 2.Can/Could you please...? （你能拿一下梯子吗？） 3.What did you do...? （你上周末做了什么？） 语法 1. 现在进行时 2. 一般过去时 3. 情态动词 can/could 表请求 4. should/shouldn't 表建议 写作 安全建议：如何在家里、路上或运动中保持安全。常见题目：Write a speech about how to keep safe at home. / Give safety tips for riding a bike. 一、知识点精讲 1. avoid v. 避免 【固定搭配】 ① avoid doing sth. 避免做某事（只接动名词，不接不定式） 例句：We should avoid playing with fire.我们应该避免玩火。 ② avoid danger 避免危险 例句：It is important to avoid danger in daily life.在日常生活中避免危险很重要。 2. keep v. 保持；使处于 【固定搭配】 ① keep + 宾语 + 形容词 使……保持某种状态 例句：Please keep the door closed.请让门关着。 ② keep sb. safe 使某人安全 例句：His helmet kept him safe.他的头盔使他安全。 ③ keep doing sth. 一直做某事 例句：He kept practicing the song.他一直练习那首歌。 3. alone adj./adv. 独自的（地） 【固定搭配】 ① leave sb. alone 不打扰某人 例句：Leave him alone. He needs to rest.别打扰他，他需要休息。 ② let alone 更不用说 例句：He can't ride a bike, let alone a skateboard.他连自行车都不会骑，更不用说滑板了。 【易混辨析】alone 强调客观上独自一人，lonely 强调主观上感到孤独。 例句：He lives alone but never feels lonely.他独自居住但从不感到孤独。 4. lose v. 失去 【固定搭配】 ① lose one's balance 失去平衡 例句：He lost his balance and fell down.他失去了平衡，摔倒了。 ② lose one's way 迷路 例句：Don't lose your way in the forest.别在森林里迷路。 ③ lose heart 灰心 例句：Never lose heart even if you fail.即使失败也不要灰心。 5. fall v. 跌倒；落下 【固定搭配】 ① fall forward 向前摔倒 例句：He fell forward onto the ground.他向前摔倒在地上。 ② fall down 摔倒 例句：Be careful not to fall down.小心别摔倒。 ③ fall off 跌落 例句：He fell off his bike.他从自行车上摔了下来。 6. hit v. 撞击；打 【固定搭配】 ① hit sb./sth. 击中某人/某物 例句：The ball hit the window.球击中了窗户。 ② hit a stone 撞到石头 例句：The skateboard hit a stone.滑板撞到了一块石头。 注意：hit 的过去式和过去分词仍然是 hit，不能写成 hitted。 7. hurt v. 受伤；疼痛 【固定搭配】 ① get hurt 受伤 例句：He got hurt in the accident.他在事故中受伤了。 ② hurt oneself 伤到自己 例句：Don't hurt yourself with the knife.别用刀子伤到自己。 注意：hurt 的过去式和过去分词仍然是 hurt，不能写成 hurted。 8. shocked adj. 受电击的；震惊的 【固定搭配】 ① get shocked 触电 例句：Don't touch the wire, or you'll get shocked.别碰那根电线，否则你会触电。 ② be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊 例句：Everyone was shocked by the news.所有人都被那个消息震惊了。 9. thankful adj. 感激的 【固定搭配】 ① be thankful to sb. 感激某人 例句：He was thankful to his mother for her help.他感激他妈妈的帮助。 ② be thankful for sth. 因某事而感激 例句：I am thankful for your kindness.我感谢你的好意。 10. safe adj. 安全的 【固定搭配】 ① keep safe 保持安全 例句：Stay safe and take care.保持安全，保重。 ② safe and sound 安然无恙 例句：They returned home safe and sound.他们安然无恙地回家了。 【名词形式】 safety（安全） 例句：Safety comes first.安全第一。 二、核心语法精讲 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时结构 肯定式：am / is / are + 动词的现在分词（doing） 否定式：am / is / are + not + doing 疑问式：Am / Is / Are + 主语 + doing…? 2. 现在进行时用法 表示说话时正在进行的动作 表示当前一段时间内持续的活动 时间标志：now, at the moment, these days 3. 教材原句 — What are you doing now? — I'm shopping at the supermarket. — Is your mother talking to her sister on the phone? — Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. She is watching the races on TV. 4. 现在分词构成规律 规则 例词 一般动词直接 + ing read → reading, play → playing 以不发音 e 结尾，去 e + ing make → making, ride → riding 重读闭音节，双写尾字母 + ing run → running, hit → hitting 以 ie 结尾，ie 变 y + ing lie → lying, die → dying 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时结构 肯定式：主语 + 动词过去式 否定式：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 疑问式：Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? 2. 一般过去时用法 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，现已结束 时间标志：yesterday, last weekend, … ago, just now, the other day 3. 教材原句 — What did your brother do last weekend? — He went to a farm with his friends. It was a sunny day last Saturday. Peter was excited to try out his new skateboard. The skateboard hit a stone, and he lost his balance and fell forward. 4. 动词过去式变化规律 A. 规则动词： ①一般情况：直接加 -ed work → worked (工作)；play → played (玩耍)；clean → cleaned (打扫) ②以不发音的 e 结尾：只加 -d live → lived (居住)；like → liked (喜欢)；dance → danced (跳舞) ③以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied (学习)；carry → carried (搬运) ④重读 闭音节 结尾：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -ed stop → stopped (停止)；plan → planned (计划)；chat → chatted (聊天) 判断标准：单词末尾是“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”，且重音在最后一个音节上。 B. 不规则动词（本单元重点）： 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 be (am/is) was go went be (are) were come came have had take took do did fall fell say said hurt hurt get got hit hit make made lose lost see saw keep kept write wrote wear wore meet met ride rode eat ate forget forgot give gave shine shone 5. 【易错提醒】 否定句和疑问句中，助动词 did 已经体现过去，后面动词必须还原为原形： · 正确：He didn't wear a helmet.（不是 didn't wore） · 正确：Did he go to the park?（不是 Did he went） 情态动词 can / could 表请求与邀请 1. 结构 请求：Can / Could + 主语 + 动词原形…? 邀请：Can you (come to…)? 回答：Sure. / Of course. / Sorry, I can't. / I'd love to, but… 2. 用法 can：语气较直接 could：语气更委婉、更礼貌（不是过去式） 3. 教材原句 — Can you come to my birthday party tonight? — I'd love to, but I have something important to do. — Could you please get the ladder for me? — Sure. / Sorry. It's too heavy for me. 4. 【易错提醒】 情态动词后必须接动词原形： · 正确：Could you please get the ladder? · 错误：Could you please to get the ladder? 单元语法 4：should / shouldn't 表建议 1. 结构 肯定：主语 + should + 动词原形 否定：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 疑问：Should + 主语 + 动词原形…? 2. 用法 表示“应该 / 不应该”，语气介于 must 与 had better 之间 本单元核心用途：在安全话题中提出“该做 / 不该做” 3. 教材原句 You should stay away from electrical outlets.You shouldn't play near open windows. 4. 【易错提醒】 should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，不能加 to，不能加 s： · 错误：You should to wear a helmet. / He should wears… · 正确：You should wear a helmet. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 话题：安全建议——如何在家里、路上或运动中保持安全。 命题形式： ①写一篇演讲稿，介绍居家安全注意事项。 ②给朋友写一封信，给出骑自行车或滑滑板的安全建议。 ③根据提示，写一篇短文描述一次危险经历并从中吸取的教训。 ④以"How to Keep Safe"为题写一篇说明文。 写作要点： ①明确场景（家里/路上/运动中），针对性地提出建议。 ②.使用祈使句、should/shouldn't、remember to、make sure to 等句型。 ③建议要具体、可操作，避免空洞。 ④可适当加入个人经历或感受，增强说服力。 ⑤结尾要有总结或呼吁，体现"安全第一"的意识。 2. 写作框架 推荐结构：三段式 第一段：引入话题 （点明安全的重要性，引出建议） 常用句型： It is important to keep safe in daily life. / Today I want to share some safety tips with you. 第二段：主体建议 （分场景或分条列举，用 First/Second/Third 或 At home/On the road/When doing sports 等） 每条建议包含：具体做法 + 理由或后果。 常用句型：First, you should... / Second, don't... / Also, remember to... 第三段：总结呼吁 （再次强调安全，发出号召） 常用句型：In a word, safety comes first. / Let's be careful and protect ourselves. 3. 写作素材 常用词汇： 危险源：fire, gas, electrical outlet, stove, iron, stranger, stone, traffic 保护措施：helmet, seat belt, safety rules, fire escape plan 动作：avoid, protect, keep, wear, check, turn off, stay away from 评价：dangerous, safe, careful, lucky, serious, necessary 常用短语： stay away from 远离 keep safe 保持安全 wear a helmet 戴头盔 follow the rules 遵守规则 turn off the gas 关掉煤气 be careful with 小心对待 in danger 处于危险中 ask for help 寻求帮助 常用句型： 引入话题： Safety is very important in our daily life. Here are some tips on how to keep safe. 提出建议： You should / shouldn't + 动词原形 Don't / Never + 动词原形 Remember to + 动词原形 Make sure to + 动词原形 It is dangerous to + 动词原形 举例说明： For example, if you play with matches, you may start a fire. Once I fell off my bike because I didn't wear a helmet. 总结呼吁： In short, safety comes first. Let's take good care of ourselves. 4. 范文背诵 范文一：居家安全建议（How to Keep Safe at Home） 题目：假如你是李华，学校举行"安全伴我行"演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，谈谈如何在家中保持安全。 范文： Good morning, everyone! Today I want to talk about how to keep safe at home. Home seems safe, but there are still many dangers. Here are some useful tips. First, never play with matches or lighters. Fire is very dangerous and can hurt you badly. Second, stay away from electrical outlets. Don't stick anything into them, or you could get shocked. Third, be careful in the kitchen. When you finish cooking, make sure to turn off the gas. Also, don't touch the hot stove or iron. Fourth, don't open the door for strangers. If someone knocks, ask "Who is it?" first. If you don't know the person, call your parents. Finally, remember to keep yourself safe when you are at home alone. Follow these rules, and you will be safe. In a word, safety comes first. Let's be careful and protect ourselves. Thank you! 范文二：户外运动安全建议（Safety Tips for Riding a Bike） 题目：你的朋友Tom刚学会骑自行车，但他经常不戴头盔。请你给他写一封信，告诉他骑自行车的安全注意事项。 范文： Dear Tom, I'm glad that you can ride a bike now. But I noticed you often ride without a helmet. That's very dangerous! I'm writing to give you some safety advice. First, always wear a helmet when riding. It can protect your head if you fall. Second, follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and don't ride too fast. Look left and right before crossing the street. Third, pay attention to the road. Watch out for stones, holes or other obstacles. Don't listen to music while riding because it can distract you. Also, remember to check your bike before riding. Make sure the brakes work well. If you ride at night, wear bright clothes and use lights. I hope you can follow these tips. Your safety is the most important thing. Take care and ride safely! Yours,Li Hua ‌‌ 易错点01 avoid后要接动词-ing形式 【错因辨析】 avoid 是及物动词，意为“避免”，后面只能接动名词（doing），不能接不定式（to do）。 受中文“避免去做某事”的影响，常误写为 avoid to do。 类似的动词还有 finish、mind、enjoy、practice、suggest、imagine 等，它们后面也都只能接 doing。 【助记口诀】 避免、完成、喜欢、练习，后面都接 doing 记心里。 MEPSIF 来帮你：Mind / Enjoy / Practice / Suggest / Imagine / Finish。 【一句话辨异】 We should avoid making mistakes. 不能说 avoid to make。 【对点训练】 1.You should avoid ______ (make) the same mistake again. 2.We must avoid ______ (play) with fire. It's too dangerous. 易错点02 should后要接动词原形（不加to，不变形） 【错因辨析】 should 是情态动词，后接动词原形，不能加 to，也不能随主语变化加 s。 常见错误有两种： 一是 He should to wear a helmet.（加了to）； 二是 He should wears a helmet.（加了s）。正确形式应为 He should wear a helmet。 【助记口诀】 情态动词真奇怪，后面总是原形来。 【一句话辨异】 You should go now. 不能说 You should to go。 【对点训练】 1.You should ______ (stay) away from electrical outlets. 2.He ______ (should not) play near the window. It's dangerous. 易错点03 一般过去时中常见不规则动词的变化 【错因辨析】 本单元高频不规则动词的过去式极易出错。具体如下： hit 的过去式仍是 hit，不能写成 hitted。 hurt 的过去式仍是 hurt，不能写成 hurted。 lose 的过去式是 lost，不能写成 losed。 fall 的过去式是 fell，不能写成 falled。 keep 的过去式是 kept，不能写成 keeped。 wear 的过去式是 wore，不能写成 weared。这些错误在写作和语法填空中频繁出现。 【对点训练】 1.The ball ______ (hit) the window and broke it. 2.He ______ (lose) his balance and ______ (fall) forward. 3.She ______ (wear) a red dress to the party yesterday. 易错点04 混淆alone（独自）与lonely（孤独） 【错因辨析】 alone 强调“独自一人”的客观状态，不带感情色彩，可作形容词或副词。 lonely 强调“孤独寂寞”的主观感受，带有强烈的感情色彩，只能作形容词。 这两者极易混淆，尤其是在完形填空中。 【一句话辨异】 He lives alone but never feels lonely. 他独自居住但从不感到孤独。 【对点训练】 1.The old man lives ______, but he doesn't feel ______. A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone 2.When you are at home ______, don't open the door for strangers. 易错点05 混淆remember to do与remember doing 【错因辨析】 remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事”，动作尚未发生。 remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”，动作已经发生。 类似的还有 forget to do（忘记去做）和 forget doing（忘记做过）。 【助记口诀】 to do 将来做，doing 已做过。 【一句话辨异】 Remember to close the door. 记得去关门（还没关）。 I remember closing the door. 我记得关了门（已经关了）。 【对点训练】 1.Remember ______ (turn) off the gas when you finish cooking. 2.I remember ______ (meet) him somewhere before. 易错点06 混淆祈使句后的or与and 【错因辨析】 “祈使句 + or + 简单句”表示“做某事，否则会……”，or 意为“否则”。 “祈使句 + and + 简单句”表示“做某事，就会……”，and 意为“那么”。 判断方法：看后面的结果是积极的还是消极的。消极结果用 or，积极结果用 and。 【助记口诀】 祈使句后加 or，否则后果很严重；祈使句后加 and，做好事情就有好结果。 【一句话辨异】 Hurry up, or you'll be late. 快点，否则你会迟到。（消极结果） Study hard, and you'll pass. 努力学习，你就会通过。（积极结果） 【对点训练】 1.Don't stick anything into outlets, ______ you could get shocked. A. and B. or C. but D. so 2.Work hard, ______ you will succeed. A. or B. and C. but D. so 易错点07 luckily作副词时应放在句首 【错因辨析】 luckily 是副词，修饰整个句子时通常放在句首，并用逗号隔开。学生常将其放在句中或句末，造成语序不当。 类似用法的副词还有 unfortunately（不幸的是）、hopefully（希望如此）、clearly（显然）等。 【助记口诀】 luckily 放句首，逗号跟着走，修饰整句话，意思更清楚。 【一句话辨异】 Luckily, he was not hurt. 不能说 He luckily was not hurt.（虽然语法上可行，但不如句首自然） 【对点训练】 1.______ (lucky), the driver was not hurt in the accident. 2.He passed the exam. ______, he had studied very hard. A. Lucky B. Luck C. Luckily D. Unluckily 一、根据所给提示填空 用所给单词的适当形式填空或根据汉语提示写出单词。 1.Never play with ______ (match) or lighters. They are very dangerous. 2.Don't stick anything into electrical ______ (outlet), or you could get shocked. 3.When you finish ______ (cook), make sure to turn off the gas. 4.You should stay ______ from electrical outlets.（远离） 5.He lost his ______ (平衡) and fell forward. 6.______ (幸运的是), he was not seriously hurt. 7.Remember ______ (wear) your helmet when riding a bike. 8.The skateboard ______ (hit) a stone and he fell down. 9.Peter couldn't help but feel ______ (thank) to his mother. 10.We should a______ danger in our daily life. 二、单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1.— What are you doing now? — I ______ my homework. A. do B. did C. am doing D. was doing 2.— ______ you please get the ladder for me? — Sure. A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 3.You ______ play near the open window. It's dangerous. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. can 4.He ______ his balance and fell off the bike yesterday. A. loses B. lost C. is losing D. will lose 5.Remember ______ the door when you leave. A. closing B. to close C. closed D. close 6.Don't ______ anything into electrical outlets. A. stick B. to stick C. sticking D. sticks 7.When you finish ______ the room, you can go out to play. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned 8.— What did your brother do last weekend? — He ______ to a farm with his friends. A. go B. goes C. going D. went 9.You should ______ away from electrical outlets. A. stays B. staying C. stayed D. stay 10.The wind ______ against his face as he rode the bike. A. brush B. brushes C. brushed D. brushing 三、句型转换 按要求改写下列句子，每空一词。 1.You should play with matches.（改为否定句） You ______ ______ with matches. 2.Remember to turn off the gas. （改为同义句）______ ______ to turn off the gas. 3.He lost his balance and fell forward.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ his balance and fall forward? 4.It is dangerous to play with fire.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ it is to play with fire! 5.You should stay away from electrical outlets.（对画线部分提问） ______ should I ______? 四、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容选择最佳选项。 Safety Rules for Kids Being safe is very important for everyone. Here are some safety rules for kids to follow. At Home Never play with matches or lighters. Fire can burn you and your house. Don't touch electrical outlets. Stick nothing into them. Electricity can hurt you badly. Be careful in the kitchen. Don't touch the stove or iron when they are hot. Always ask an adult for help. Don't open the door for strangers. If someone knocks, ask "Who is it?" first. If you don't know the person, call your parents. On the Road Always wear a helmet when riding a bike or a skateboard. It can protect your head. Follow traffic rules. Stop at red lights and look left and right before crossing the street. Don't run across the road. Walk carefully. At School Don't run in the hallways. You may fall and get hurt. Don't push others when going downstairs. Walk slowly and carefully. If you see someone in danger, ask a teacher for help. Remember: Safety comes first. Follow these rules and you will be safe. 1.What should you do if a stranger knocks at the door? A. Open the door quickly. B. Ask "Who is it?" first. C. Hide under the bed. D. Call the police immediately. 2.Why should you wear a helmet when riding a bike? A. Because it looks cool. B. Because it can protect your head. C. Because it is a rule at school. D. Because it can help you ride faster. 3.What should you NOT do at school according to the passage? A. Walk slowly in the hallways. B. Ask a teacher for help. C. Run in the hallways. D. Go downstairs carefully. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Kids can play with matches at home. B. Kids can touch the hot stove if they are careful. C. Kids should follow traffic rules on the road. D. Kids can push others when going downstairs. 5.What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Be a Good Student B. Safety Rules for Kids C. How to Ride a Bike Safely D. Rules at Home and School 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $