Unit 4 Personal Finance（复习讲义）英语新教材北师大版九年级上册

Unit 4 Personal Finance（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“Personal Finance”主题，复习并列连词、代词的表达。 2、重点掌握“四大花费”的动词辨析、被动语态的用法。 3、掌握情态动词表推测的结构和用法。 复习重难点 重点：本单元核心动词的用法；被动语态的用法。 难点：“四大花费”动词、情态动词表推测在不同情况下的应用。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：被动语态（一般现在时 & 一般过去时） 【用法讲解】 ■ 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. The budget is made every month. ■ 一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词 The money was spent on books. The bicycle was bought with saved money. ■ 否定式：be + not + 过去分词 The homework was not finished on time. ■ 疑问式：Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + ? Was the goal achieved at last? 【即时小练】 （ ）1. In our school, a budget ______ every month by the students. A. is made B. was made C. will be made D. has been made （ ）2. Money ______ wisely by most teenagers in this club. A. manages B. is managed C. was managed D. will manage （ ）3. The pocket money ______ to Chen Wei every Friday. A. gives B. is given C. gave D. was given 1.【答案】A 【详解】every month 提示一般现在时，budget 与 make 是被动关系 → is made。 2.【答案】B 【详解】by most teenagers 提示被动，一般现在时 → is managed。 3.【答案】B 【详解】every Friday 提示一般现在时，money 与 give 被动 → is given。 知识点2：情态动词表推测（must / might / can't） 【用法讲解】 ■ must 表示“一定”（非常有把握的肯定推测） This wallet must be Lily's. Her name is on it. ■ might / may 表示“可能”（把握不大） He might be saving money for a new phone. ■ can't 表示“不可能”（有把握的否定推测） The watch can't be expensive. It looks cheap. ⚠ 易错：mustn't 表示“禁止”，不表推测！ You mustn't spend all your money at once. 【即时小练】 （ ）1. The wallet on the ground ______ be Lily’s. Her name is written on it. A. might B. must C. can’t D. should （ ）2. He ______ be at home. I can see the lights are on. A. might B. must C. can’t D. could （ ）3. The watch ______ be expensive. It only cost 20 yuan. A. must B. might C. can’t D. should 1.【答案】B 【详解】Her name is written on it → 非常有把握的肯定推测 → must。 2.【答案】B 【详解】I can see the lights are on → 确定他一定在家 → must。 3.【答案】C 【详解】It only cost 20 yuan → 不可能贵 → can’t。 知识点3：spend / cost / pay / take 花费辨析 【用法讲解】 ■ spend：人作主语→ sb spend(s) + 时间/金钱 + on sth / (in) doing sth She spent 50 yuan on the book. He spent two hours doing his budget. ■ cost：物作主语→ sth cost(s) + 人 + 金钱 The laptop cost him 3,000 yuan. ■ pay：人作主语→ sb pay(s) + 金钱 + for sth I paid 20 dollars for the ticket. ■ take：it作主语→ It takes/took sb + 时间 + to do sth It took her three months to save enough money. 【即时小练】 （ ）1. Olivia ______ 50 yuan on a new notebook yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took （ ）2. The wireless headphones ______ Chen Wei 200 dollars. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took （ ）3. Zhou Kai ______ 30 dollars for his new basketball shoes. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 1.【答案】A 【详解】spend +金钱+ on sth，人作主语。Olivia 是人，花50元买笔记本。 2.【答案】B 【详解】cost物作主语，sth cost(s) sb + 金钱。headphones 是物。 3.【答案】C 【详解】pay +金钱 + for sth，人作主语。pay for 为固定搭配。 知识点4：used to / be used to 辨析 【用法讲解】 ■ used to do sth：过去常常做某事（现在不做了） I used to waste my pocket money on snacks. ■ be used to doing sth：惯于做某事（to 是介词） She is used to saving 20% of her income. ■ be used to do sth：被动语态，被用来做某事 A budget can be used to plan your spending. ⚠ 易错：be used to 后接名词/动名词，不接动词原形！ 【即时小练】 （ ）1. Lily ______ waste all her pocket money on snacks, but now she saves some. A. is used to B. used to C. was used to D. uses to （ ）2. Zhang Hui ______ saving 20% of his allowance every month. It’s a good habit. A. used to B. is used to C. was used D. uses to （ ）3. A budget can ______ plan your spending wisely. A. use to B. be used to C. used to D. be used for 1.【答案】B 【详解】but now 提示过去常常 → used to waste。 2.【答案】B 【详解】is used to + doing，表示“惯于” → is used to saving。 3.【答案】B 【详解】can be used to do sth，被动结构 → be used to plan。 单元语法：并列连词和代词复习 并列连词 并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词，表示并列、顺承、递进、转折、选择、因果等关系。 分类 并列连词 含义及用法 例句 并列关系 and “和;并且；然后”,连接主、谓、宾、表等并列成分或并列的句子，也可表顺承或递进 I am tired and hungry. （表并列） He turned off the light and left the room.（表顺承） She did the work and did it well.（表递进） “那么；就”，用于“祈使句，and+陈述句”结构中 Study hard, and you will make progress. both...and... “……和……都”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both he and his friend like playing basketball. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Not only you but also he does very well in the project. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Neither I nor he has been to America. 转折关系 but “但是”,不和though或although连用 Our team was not strong, but we beat them at last. 选择关系 or “或者”，在否定句中表示“也不” Which do you like better, juice or coffee? He can't read or write. “否则”，用于“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构中 Let's put the cake in the fridge, or it may go bad tomorrow. either...or... “或者……或者……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要与最近的主语保持一致 Either you or I am going to attend the meeting. 因果关系 so “因此; 所以” （不和because同时使用）,表示结果 I was ill, so I didn't go to school. for “因为”, 用于补充说明理由,不放在句首，不能用于回答why开头的问句 Many accidents happen, for people are careless. 对比关系 while “然而”，用于对比 Mrs. Liu likes music while her husband likes sports. 代词 代词是代替名词或名词词组等的一类词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语。在应用中，需要注意代词与其所代替的词在人称、数等方面保持一致。 一． 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 二．人称代词的用法 功能 位置 示例 主格 作主语 谓语动词之前 Bill's brother likes playing soccer and he is on the school team. 宾格 作宾语 实义动词之后 I don't know her. 介词之后 His mother is waiting for him outside. 作表语 系动词之后 —Hello, are you Mr. Morrison? —Yes. That's me. 易错提示 第三人称单数代词he/she/it作主语时，谓语动词也需要进行相应的形式变化，如is/does/has等。 三．物主代词的用法 位置与功能 示例 形容词性物主代词 用于名词前，相当于形容词，意为“……的”，即“my/your/his/her/its/our/their+名词” His parents are both office workers. 名词性物主代词 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，起名词的作用 My idea is different from hers. = My idea is different from her idea. 1.形容词性物主代词（位于名词前作定语，不能单独使用，相当于形容词） Students are surrounded（环绕）by trees as they walk on （it）zigzag（之字形的）roads. 【答案】its 2.名词性物主代词 （1）相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，后面不能跟名词 My dream is to be an accountant and （她的）is to be an engineer. 【答案】hers （2）名词性物主代词可构成双重所有格（详见专题一） 例8A friend of （我的）will come to visit my family this weekend. 【答案】mine 四．反身代词的用法 用法 示例 用于动词或介词之后作宾语，意为“……自己” Think about it and ask yourself: have you really done everything right? How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by themselves? 用在名词之后作同位语，起强调主语或宾语的作用 Did you see the manager himself? 1.作动词的宾语 Think about it and ask :have you really done everything right? A.you B.yourself C.me D.myself 【答案】B 2.作介词的宾语 They only stay in their own rooms playing by________（they）and become lonely. 【答案】themselves 3.作同位语（起强调主语或宾语的作用） 例11He said,“China______（it）is so big and these flowers can paint a fuller picture of Chinese spirit.” 【答案】itself 指示代词及it的用法 一、指示代词 近指 远指 用法 this（这个） that（那个） 指代单个的人或物；后面接单数名词 these（这些） those（那些） 指代复数的人或物；后面接复数名词 二、it的用法 类别 用法 示例 用于指代 指代上文提到的事物（可数名词单数或不可数名词） He bought a new book and he liked it. 指代天气、时间或距离 It's sunny today. It's 8 o'clock. It's a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. 作形式主语 It's+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是……的。/（某人）做某事是……的。 It's important for us to learn a foreign language. It's kind of you to help me with my homework. 作形式宾语 常用在动词find、think、make、consider、feel等之后，代替由动词不定式等表示的真正宾语 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to it. 用于某些结构 it depends视情况而定 make it获得成功；准时到达 take it easy别着急；放轻松 I believe I have the talent to make it. The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks. 用于固定句型 It seems that... 好像…… It's time to do/for/that... 是……的时间了。 It seems that the coach is satisfied with the result. It's time to say goodbye to your junior high school life. 拓展 it、one和that作代词的区别 it指代同名同物（特指同一事物）。如：I lost my pen. I can't find it anywhere. one指代同名异物（泛指同类事物），复数为ones。如：I need a pen. Can you lend me one? that指代同名异物（特指同类事物），常用于替代比较结构中的名词。如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 不定代词 不定代词是不明确指代某个（某些）人或事物的代词。其中，普通不定代词有时可作定语修饰名词。 一、普通不定代词 1.常见的表示量的不定代词 类别 用法及区别 示例 限定或指代可数名词 each （每个） 限定或指代单数名词； each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重个体，强调每一个，可与of连用 辨析：every表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，强调全部，只能作定语，不能作代词，不能与of连用 There are lots of trees on each side of the road. I'll ask each of you to speak for 3 minutes. Almost every student in our class passed the English exam. both （两者都） either （两者中的任何一个） neither（两者都不） 指代范围都为“两者”，都可与of连用； 固定搭配：both...and...（两者都） Both Tom and Sam can play the drums. There are flowers on either side of the river. Neither of them has/have a car. few （几乎没有） a few （有些;几个） many （许多） 限定或指代复数名词； few表否定意义； a few表肯定意义； many常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Few people know what happened. She has been doing this for a few years. Many people like to eat junk food. Why did you call so many times? 限定或指代不可数名词 little （几乎没有） a little （一点儿） much （许多） little表否定意义； a little表肯定意义； much常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Don't worry. There is a little time to go. There is little hope of success now. However, too much attention can also be a bad thing. 限定或指代可数和不可数名词 some （一些） any（一些;任何） some多用于肯定句中，也可用于表示邀请或请求的疑问句中； any多用于否定句、疑问句中，在肯定句中表示“任何一个” Some of the boys play football. Would you like some coffee? I need some more paint. There isn't any left. Take any book you like. none （没有一个；毫无） all （全部） 后接复数名词或不可数名词，指代或修饰可数名词时，表示“三者或三者以上都（不）”；都常与of连用 You've had all the fun and I've had all the hard work. None of his three sons live/lives nearby. 拓展 部分否定 each、every、both、all与not连用时表示部分否定；如果要表示全部否定,应使用none或neither。如： Every book is not educative.（不是每本书都有教育意义） None of the books is educative.（每本书都没有教育意义） Not all bamboo grows tall.（并非所有竹子都长得高） None of the bamboo grows tall.（所有竹子都长得不高） I don't want both books.（不是两本书都要） I want neither of the books.（两本书都不要） 2.other、the other、others、the others和another 易混词汇 含义 用法 示例 other 另外的 作定语,常与复数名词连用,但如果前面有the、no、my、your、his等,则可与单数名词连用 Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. My other sister is a doctor. the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” I have two books—one is English, and the other is French. others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）;不能作定语;可以构成“some...others...”结构 Some people still live in their hometown, but others may only go back once or twice a year. the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 There are many books on the table. Some are English, and the others are French. another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个,再一个”;作定语时,表示“另一的”或“再加的” I don't like this hat. Please show me another. We need another three chairs. 二、复合不定代词 1.常见的复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- something某事;某物 anything任何事物 nothing没有什么 everything每件事 somebody有人;某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人 someone有人;某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人 主要用于肯定句;用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定答复 主要用于否定句、疑问句 表示全部否定 常用于肯定句;常与否定词一起表示部分否定 2.复合不定代词的基本用法 （1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows when life on the earth started. Something is wrong with my watch. （2）形容词、不定式或else修饰复合不定代词时需后置，即“复合不定代词+adj./to do/else”。 He realized that there was something wrong. （时间：30分钟） 1、 完成句子 1．Please remind ________ to introduce ________ at the meeting. (they) 【答案】them themselves 【详解】句意：请提醒他们在会议上做自我介绍。第一空：空缺处在动词remind后作宾语，需使用人称代词宾格；主格they对应的宾格形式是them，符合remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人做某事）结构。第二空：此处表达自我介绍，需用反身代词；introduce oneself意为“自我介绍”，贴合语境，they对应的反身代词是themselves。故填them；themselves。 2．这些工匠中没人能把这块石头雕刻成好看的形状。后来，杰西找到了一个好方法。 ________ ________ these craftsmen could carve the ________ into a nice ________.________ ________, Jesse found a good way. 【答案】None of stone shape Later on 【详解】原句中“没人”，“石头”，“形状”，“后来”是关键词。根据句意“这些工匠中没人”，符合“三者及以上中的没有一个”，用None of（句首单词首字母大写），None为不定代词，与of连用。表示“石头”的名词是stone，因为汉语意思中明确表达为“这块”，所以填名词单数即可。表示“形状”的名词是shape，因为空格前有不定冠词a，所以填名词单数。表示“后来”的副词短语是later on，放在句首，首字母大写，修饰整个句子。 3．如果我们每个人都遵循自然法则, 我们的世界将会越来越好。 If ________ ________ ________ ________ the rules of nature, our world will be better and better. 【答案】each of us follows 【详解】原句中“我们每个人”以及“遵循”是关键词，表示“我们每个人”的短语为each of us。表示“遵循”的动词为“follow”，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则。主句是一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时。主语each of us的核心词是each，视为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词follow需用第三人称单数形式follows。故填each；of；us；follows。 4．我们俩今晚都不去看电影, 因为我们都忙。 Neither of us ________ going to the cinema tonight because we ________ ________ busy. 【答案】is are both 【详解】原句中“两者都不、都”是关键词，根据中文句子“我们俩今晚都不去看电影，因为我们都忙”可知，neither of us作主语，谓语动词用单数is；主语we后用both，both放在be动词are后面。 5．好的文学作品描写的是每个人都理解的经历。作家应该用语言作为工具来表达他们的思想和感受。 Good literature is about experiences that __________ understands. Writers should use __________ as a tool to show their thoughts and feelings. 【答案】everyone/everybody language 【详解】原句中“每个人”和“语言”是关键词。表示“每个人”的单词是everyone/everybody；表示“语言”的单词是language，此处为不可数名词。 6．每个人都应该采取行动保护我们的地球。 __________ should __________ action to protect our Earth. 【答案】Everyone take 【详解】原句中“每个人”、“采取行动”是关键词，“每个人”对应的单词是everyone，注意句首单词首字母需大写；“采取行动”对应的短语表示为take action，句中should为情态动词，后接动词原形。故填Everyone；take。 7．每次我试图和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么坚持己见。 Every time I try __________ to them about this, they either __________ patience or just __________ to their own opinions. 【答案】to talk lose stick 【详解】原句中关键词是“谈论、失去、坚持”，对应英语talk、lose、stick。第一空考try to do的固定搭配，所以填to talk；第二空lose patience是失去耐心的固定短语，主语they搭配一般现在时用原形lose；第三空either...or并列结构要求动词形式一致，填stick构成stick to表示坚持。 8．方媛善良又有耐心。她认为没有什么比帮助病人和拯救生命更有意义。 Fang Yuan is __________ and __________. She thinks __________ is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives. 【答案】kind patient nothing 【详解】本句的关键词是“善良”、“耐心”和“没有什么比……更有意义”。 “善良”对应形容词 kind，“耐心”对应形容词 patient，两者并列作表语描述方媛的性格； “没有什么”对应否定词 nothing，与“more meaningful than”构成比较结构“nothing is more meaningful than...”，表示“没有什么比……更有意义”，具有最高级含义。 9．有些人可能会怀疑为什么这有必要，但事实上很多人欢迎这个想法。 Some may doubt ________ ________ ________ ________, but in fact many welcome the idea. 【答案】why it is necessary 【详解】原句中“为什么这有必要”是doubt后的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，连接词用why；此处代词用来预指后文的the idea，只能用虚指代词it；系动词为is，表语是necessary。应填why；it；is；necessary。 10．尽管任务很难，我们每人都能尽力完成它。 ________ ________ the task is very hard, we ________ ________ try our best to finish it. 【答案】Even though each can 【详解】原句中“尽管”“我们每人”是关键词，表示“尽管”的连词是“even though”，引导让步状语从句。“我们每人”表示“每个人”，可用“each”表示，置于主语“we”之后。“能尽力完成”表示能力或可能性，应用情态动词“can”。应填Even；though；each；can。 2、 单项选择 1．I bought ________ mother an umbrella. ________ liked it very much. A．my; She B．you; Your C．my; Her D．you; She 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我给我妈妈买了一把伞。她非常喜欢它。 my我的；She她；you你，你们；Your你的，你们的；Her她，她的。根据“I bought...mother an umbrella...liked it very much.”可知，第一空，此处修饰名词mother，需用形容词性物主代词my；第二空，此处在句中作主语，指代mother，需用人称代词主格She。应填my；She。 2．________ has some new books. The books are on ________ shelf. A．He; his B．He; him C．Him; his D．His; he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他有一些新书。这些书在他的书架上。 He他，主格；Him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。第一空在句中作主语，应填人称代词主格He；第二空修饰名词shelf，表示“他的”，应填形容词性物主代词his。 3．During ________ school’s “Chinese Stories, English Voices” activity, ________ showed an English drama called The battle of Luding Bridge. A．ours; us B．ours; we C．our; us D．our; we 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在我们学校开展的“用英语讲中国故事”活动期间，我们展示了一部名为《飞夺泸定桥》的英文戏剧。 our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；ours我们的（名词性物主代词）；we我们（人称代词主格）；us我们（人称代词宾格）。第一空后有名词“school”，应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，排除A、B选项；第二空在句中作动词“showed”的主语，应用人称代词主格形式，排除C选项。 4．My mother bought a gift for ________. She hopes I like ________. A．me; one B．me; it C．my; this D．mine; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：妈妈给我买了一份礼物。她希望我喜欢它。    me我（宾格）；one一个（代指同类事物中的一个）；it它（代指上文提到的同一事物）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）；this这个；mine我的（名词性物主代词）；that那个。第一空，介词for后接人称代词宾格，应用me；第二空，代指前文提到的“a gift”这一具体物品，应用it。 5．Parents’ ideas may be different from ________, but we must know they are the people who love us the most. A．mine B．ours C．yours D．theirs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母的想法可能和我们的不同，但我们必须知道他们是最爱我们的人。 mine我的；ours我们的；yours你的；你们的；theirs他们的。根据“but we must know they are the people who love us the most”可知，说话者指代的是“我们”，此处应表示“我们的想法”，应用名词性物主代词ours。 6．— Is this dictionary ________? — No, it isn’t. I left ________ at home. A．your; my B．yours; mine C．your; mine D．yours; my 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这本词典是你的吗？——不，它不是。我把我的落在家里了。 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，名词性物主代词后不接名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。第一空在句中作表语，后面没有名词，表示“你的词典”，应用名词性物主代词 yours；第二空在句中作宾语，后面没有名词，表示“我的词典”，应用名词性物主代词 mine。 7．Players should challenge ________ and break their limits constantly. A．them B．their C．themselves D．theirs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：运动员应当不断挑战自我、突破极限。 them他们（宾格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；themselves他们自己（反身代词）；theirs他们的（名词性物主代词）。根据“break their limits（突破自身极限）”可知此处表达挑战自己，主语players对应反身代词themselves，应填themselves。 8．Lucy came to the mirror and gave ________ a big smile before the performance(表演). She was not so nervous any more. A．themselves B．himself C．herself D．myself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：表演前，露西来到镜子前，给了自己一个大大的微笑。她不再那么紧张了。 themselves他们自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己。根据上文语境“came to the mirror”可知，露西是对着镜子里的自己微笑。句子的主语是“Lucy”，结合下文的代词“She”可知为女性，当动作的承受者（宾语）与动作的发出者（主语）是同一个人时，宾语需使用反身代词。应填herself。 9．The flowers grown in our school look fresher than ________ planted beside the busy street. A．one B．ones C．that D．those 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们学校种的花看起来比马路边种的那些更鲜艳。 one代替单数名词，指同类中的一个；ones代替复数名词；that代替单数名词或不可数名词；those代替复数名词。根据前句“The flowers”为复数名词，且此处指代的是“马路边种的那些花”，属于同类不同物的复数对比，应填those。 10．—Which of these two dresses do you prefer, the pink one or the red one, Madam? — ________, thanks. I would rather take a look at that light green one. A．Both B．None C．Neither D．All 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——女士，这两件裙子您更喜欢哪件，粉色的还是红色的？——谢谢，两件都不喜欢。我宁愿看看那件浅绿色的。 Both两者都；None三者或以上都不；Neither两者都不；All三者或以上都。根据问句中“these two dresses”可知范围是两者，结合答句中想看看另一件浅绿色的，可知对前两件都不满意，表示否定，应填Neither。 11．—Here are four books on art. Which one would you like to read? —________. You see, I’m only interested in sports these days. A．Neither B．None C．All D．Either 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这里有四本关于艺术的书。你想读哪一本？——一本都不读。你看，这些天我只对运动感兴趣。 Neither两者都不；None三者或三者以上都不；All三者或三者以上都；Either两者中任意一个。根据题干中“four books”可知数量在三者及以上；再根据答语后句“I’m only interested in sports”可知对艺术书不感兴趣，表示全部否定，应填None。 12．Now there is ________ fresh water pollution than before. A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在淡水污染比以前少了。 few少，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少，修饰可数名词复数；little少，修饰不可数名词；less更少，修饰不可数名词。空格后为不可数名词“pollution”，需用修饰不可数名词的词。根据“than”可知，本空应使用比较级。应选less。 3、 完形填空 Failed in buying things off Taobao and Tmall, three Americans set out to create Baopals, a website that acts as a middleman between foreigners and these e-commerce(电子商务) sites. “We really wanted to shop on Taobao and Tmall because we knew we could buy things at really 1 prices,” said Charlie Erickson, one of the three Americans. “But we were unable to do so because we couldn’t read Chinese and therefore needed help on almost every detail, including searching for products, paying for them and tracking(追踪) the deliveries(投递).” “That’s when we 2 the idea of creating an English website to help other foreigners.” On the opening day ---- March 1 in 2016, Baopals received 12 3 of 22 products which totaled about 1,360 yuan ($202) in sales. Today, 16 months from its opening, 115,000 orders with a total value of 29 million yuan have been placed on the site. Users can shop on Baopals on the website or WeChat, both of which 4 details such as product information and customer reviews. When users buy a product on Baopals, they are buying it 5 from the Taobao or Tmall sellers. They don’t need a middle buyer to buy for them. But users need to pay Baopals a 5percent service fee each order. Baopals also helps to 6 the English addresses into Chinese. Thornhill explained that the main problem faced by many foreigners when shopping online in China is not always the 7 problem but the payment methods. He pointed out that many international credit cards cannot be used on Alibaba’s website because some foreign banks might think the deals unsafe and 8 the payment. Because of this, Baopals teaches users how to use Alipay, UnionPay and WeChat Pay for their deals. 1．A．low B．usual C．rising D．valuable 2．A．heard of B．asked for C．paid attention to D．came up with 3．A．replies B．orders C．calls D．tickets 4．A．know B．catch C．support D．provide 5．A．busily B．silently C．directly D．excitedly 6．A．get B．look C．divide D．translate 7．A．price B．quality C．delivery D．language 8．A．pass B．count C．cancel D．notice 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．C 【分析】文章大意：三个美国人在淘宝和天猫上买东西失败了，于是他们开始创建Baopals网站，充当外国人和这些电子商务网站之间中间人。文章主要介绍了Baopals网站创建的原因、功能以及它所带来的收益利润。 【详解】1．句意：我们真的很想在淘宝和天猫上购物，因为我们知道我们可以以很低的价格买到东西。 A. low低的；B. usual通常的；C. rising上升的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后面的prices，结合常识可知，在淘宝和天猫上可以买到价格很低的东西，故选A。 2．句意：就在那时，我们想到了创建一个英文网站来帮助其他的外国人。 A. heard of听说；B. asked for要求；C. paid attention to注意；D. came up with提出、想到。根据后面的the idea of creating an English website to help other foreigners.可知是想到了创建一个英文网站来帮助其他的外国人，故选D。 3．句意：2016年3月1日开业当天，Baopals共收到22种产品的12个订单，销售额约为1360元（202美元）。 A. replies回答、答复；B. orders订单；C. calls电话；D. tickets票。根据后面的of 22 products which totaled about 1,360 yuan ($202) in sales.可知此处表达的是“订单”，故选B。 4．句意：两者都提供了产品信息和客户评论等细节。考查动词及杨经理。A. know知道；B. catch抓住；C. support支持；D. provide提供。根据后面的details such as product information and customer reviews.可知此处表达的是“提供”，故选D。 5．句意：当用户在Baopals上购买产品时，他们是直接从淘宝或天猫卖家那里购买的。 A. busily忙碌地；B. silently沉默地；C. directly直接地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据下文They don’t need a middle buyer to buy for them. But users need to pay Baopals a 5percent service fee each order.可知是：当用户在Baopals上购买产品时，他们是直接从淘宝或天猫卖家那里购买的。但是他们需要向Baopals支付每笔订单5%的服务费，故选C。 6．句意：Baopals还帮助将英文地址翻译成中文。 A. get得到；B. look看；C. divide分开；D. translate翻译。根据Baopals also helps to 　　6　　the English addresses into Chinese.可知句意为“Baopals还帮助将英文地址翻译成中文。” translate…into…“把…翻译成…”，固定搭配，故选D。 7．句意：Thornhill解释说，很多外国人在中国网购时面临的主要问题并不总是语言问题，而是支付方式。 A. price价格；B. quality质量；C. delivery交付；D. language语言。联系上文Baopals also helps to 　　6　　the English addresses into Chinese.结合when shopping online in China is not always the 　　7　　problem but the payment methods.可知，很多外国人在中国网购时面临的主要问题并不总是语言问题，而是支付方式。故选D。 8．句意：因为一些外国银行可能认为这些交易不安全，因此取消了付款。 A. pass经过；B. count计算；C. cancel取消；D. notice通知、注意。根据上文some foreign banks might think the deals unsafe，可知应是“取消”付款，故选C。 4、 阅读理解 Passage 1 At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits. 1 As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make. We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. 2 In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices. We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How? 3 After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goals will greatly satisfy us. Without doubt, we should treat money in the right way. 4 From these lessons, we can gradually develop a better understanding of money management and right money values. A．Money doesn’t grow on trees. B．Actually, learning how to manage money isn’t a hard job. C．It’s important for us to have a plan for spending money. D．Borrowing money from others is a good way to buy what we want. E．Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章开篇指出我们早年通过观察父母学习理财，若未掌握也无需担心，随后通过“理解金钱来之不易”、“不一次性花光钱”和“设定目标储蓄”三个具体理财建议，帮助读者养成良好消费习惯，最后总结正确对待金钱能逐步提升理财认知与价值观。 【详解】1．根据下文“As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make.”可知，孩子常不思考钱的来源，需知道父母辛苦赚钱、钱会用完，观察父母工作能理解赚钱不易，核心是“金钱来之不易”；选项A“钱不会从天上掉下来。”是固定表达，恰好呼应“赚钱不易”的核心，可作为该段总起句，衔接后文逻辑。故选A。 2．根据上文“We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go.”和下文“In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on.”可知，不应该一次性花光钱，而下文提出“要考虑有多少钱、真正想花在什么上，做明智消费选择”，核心是“消费需规划”；选项C“制定消费计划对我们很重要。”直接点明 “消费规划”。故选C。 3．根据上文“If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How?”和下文“After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about!”可知，想买一辆新自行车但买不起，可存零花钱，并以“How?”提问“如何存”，而下文提到“攒够钱就能买”，那么此处需回应如何存钱；选项E“把钱数记在笔记本上，看着它增多。”是对“如何存钱”的具体回答，直接回应前文提问，逻辑连贯。故选E。 4．根据上文“Without doubt, we should treat money in the right way.”和下文“From these lessons, we can gradually develop a better understanding of money management and right money values.”可知，要正确对待金钱，而下文总结“从这些建议中，能逐步理解理财和正确金钱观”，核心是“理财不难，通过建议可掌握”；选项B“其实，学习理财并不难。”承接“正确对待金钱”，引出下文“通过建议提升认知”。故选B。 Passage 2 Have you ever heard of minimalism (极简主义)? It is the practice of making life easier by decluttering (整理) and letting go, trying to make life simpler and happier. For example, minimalists throw away things they don’t need and focus on building strong friendships instead of having too many friends they don’t care much about. This year, minimalism has become more popular, with many people sharing their minimalist habits online. According to Taizhou Daily, the topic “minimalism” on Xiaohongshu has already reached over 3.1 billion views.     “It helps me think about why I care so much about material things instead of myself,” one user shared. While minimalism has its good points, I believe it also has some problems. Minimalists often try to control every part of their lives, which can lead to worrying too much and chasing perfection. “To avoid buying things I don’t need, I spend too much time looking at the good and bad sides instead of just deciding,” one person shared online. “I’ve done this before; it’s a waste of time.” The pressure to make every part of life perfect can make people feel nervous and stressed. When they can’t keep up with this idea, they may feel upset. Some young people even take minimalism too far. Besides cutting extra spending, they might cut back on social activities and spend less time with others. “When a person leads a minimalist life without making friends and going after things they like, it can hurt their emotional resilience,” said Chen Junjie, vice-president of the Yuhuan Psychological Health Association. Without a strong support system, people may feel lonely and miss out on help when facing challenges. This can hold them back from trying new things or dreaming big, hurting their creativity and excitement for life in the process. In short, while minimalism encourages people to live more carefully, taking it too far can make life feel less rich. Young people should try to find a middle ground, living simply while staying active and connected. 5．According to the article, what is a common practice among minimalists? A．Collecting valuable items. B．Keeping just a few close friends. C．Organizing their belongings regularly. D．Seeking new experiences frequently. 6．Why do some minimalists feel stressed, according to the article? A．They aim to do everything perfectly. B．They struggle to afford basic necessities. C．They have trouble making decisions. D．They often compare themselves to others. 7．According to Chen Junjie, how can taking minimalism too far affect young people? A．It can encourage risky behavior. B．It can lead to serious health problems. C．It can weaken their ability to handle emotions. D．It can stop them from expressing themselves. 8．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward minimalism? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Neutral. 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章围绕极简主义展开讨论，介绍了极简主义的一些做法和优点，同时也指出了其可能存在的问题。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“minimalists throw away things they don’t need and focus on building strong friendships instead of having too many friends they don’t care much about.”可知，极简主义者会扔掉不需要的东西并且专注于建立牢固的友谊而不是拥有很多自己不太在乎的朋友，这意味着他们只保留少数亲密的朋友。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Minimalists often try to control every part of their lives, which can lead to worrying too much and chasing perfection” 以及第六段 “The pressure to make every part of life perfect can make people feel nervous and stressed”可知，极简主义者试图控制生活的每个部分，追求完美，这种想要让生活各个部分都完美的压力会使他们感到紧张和有压力。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第八段“‘When a person leads a minimalist life without making friends and going after things they like, it can hurt their emotional resilience,’ said Chen Junjie”可知，陈俊杰说当一个人过着极简主义生活，不交朋友，不追求自己喜欢的东西时，会伤害他们的情绪适应能力。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In short, while minimalism encourages people to live more carefully, taking it too far can make life feel less rich. Young people should try to find a middle ground, living simply while staying active and connected.”可知，作者建议年轻人找到一个中间地带，这表明作者对极简主义的态度是中立的。故选D。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Personal Finance（复习讲义) 复习要点 1、围绕“Personal Finance”主题，复习并列连词、代词的表达。 2、重点掌握“四大花费”的动词辨析、被动语态的用法。 3、掌握情态动词表推测的结构和用法。 复习重难点 重点：本单元核心动词的用法；被动语态的用法。 难点：“四大花费”动词、情态动词表推测在不同情况下的应用。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：被动语态（一般现在时 & 一般过去时） 【用法讲解】 ■ 一般现在时被动：am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken in many countries. The budget is made every month. ■ 一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词 The money was spent on books. The bicycle was bought with saved money. ■ 否定式：be + not + 过去分词 The homework was not finished on time. ■ 疑问式：Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + ? Was the goal achieved at last? 【即时小练】 （ ）1. In our school, a budget ______ every month by the students. A. is made B. was made C. will be made D. has been made （ ）2. Money ______ wisely by most teenagers in this club. A. manages B. is managed C. was managed D. will manage （ ）3. The pocket money ______ to Chen Wei every Friday. A. gives B. is given C. gave D. was given 知识点2：情态动词表推测（must / might / can't） 【用法讲解】 ■ must 表示“一定”（非常有把握的肯定推测） This wallet must be Lily's. Her name is on it. ■ might / may 表示“可能”（把握不大） He might be saving money for a new phone. ■ can't 表示“不可能”（有把握的否定推测） The watch can't be expensive. It looks cheap. ⚠ 易错：mustn't 表示“禁止”，不表推测！ You mustn't spend all your money at once. 【即时小练】 （ ）1. The wallet on the ground ______ be Lily’s. Her name is written on it. A. might B. must C. can’t D. should （ ）2. He ______ be at home. I can see the lights are on. A. might B. must C. can’t D. could （ ）3. The watch ______ be expensive. It only cost 20 yuan. A. must B. might C. can’t D. should 知识点3：spend / cost / pay / take 花费辨析 【用法讲解】 ■ spend：人作主语→ sb spend(s) + 时间/金钱 + on sth / (in) doing sth She spent 50 yuan on the book. He spent two hours doing his budget. ■ cost：物作主语→ sth cost(s) + 人 + 金钱 The laptop cost him 3,000 yuan. ■ pay：人作主语→ sb pay(s) + 金钱 + for sth I paid 20 dollars for the ticket. ■ take：it作主语→ It takes/took sb + 时间 + to do sth It took her three months to save enough money. 【即时小练】 （ ）1. Olivia ______ 50 yuan on a new notebook yesterday. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took （ ）2. The wireless headphones ______ Chen Wei 200 dollars. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took （ ）3. Zhou Kai ______ 30 dollars for his new basketball shoes. A. spent B. cost C. paid D. took 知识点4：used to / be used to 辨析 【用法讲解】 ■ used to do sth：过去常常做某事（现在不做了） I used to waste my pocket money on snacks. ■ be used to doing sth：惯于做某事（to 是介词） She is used to saving 20% of her income. ■ be used to do sth：被动语态，被用来做某事 A budget can be used to plan your spending. ⚠ 易错：be used to 后接名词/动名词，不接动词原形！ 【即时小练】 （ ）1. Lily ______ waste all her pocket money on snacks, but now she saves some. A. is used to B. used to C. was used to D. uses to （ ）2. Zhang Hui ______ saving 20% of his allowance every month. It’s a good habit. A. used to B. is used to C. was used D. uses to （ ）3. A budget can ______ plan your spending wisely. A. use to B. be used to C. used to D. be used for 单元语法：并列连词和代词复习 并列连词 并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词，表示并列、顺承、递进、转折、选择、因果等关系。 分类 并列连词 含义及用法 例句 并列关系 and “和;并且；然后”,连接主、谓、宾、表等并列成分或并列的句子，也可表顺承或递进 I am tired and hungry. （表并列） He turned off the light and left the room.（表顺承） She did the work and did it well.（表递进） “那么；就”，用于“祈使句，and+陈述句”结构中 Study hard, and you will make progress. both...and... “……和……都”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 Both he and his friend like playing basketball. not only...but also... “不但……而且……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Not only you but also he does very well in the project. neither...nor... “既不……也不……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致 Neither I nor he has been to America. 转折关系 but “但是”,不和though或although连用 Our team was not strong, but we beat them at last. 选择关系 or “或者”，在否定句中表示“也不” Which do you like better, juice or coffee? He can't read or write. “否则”，用于“祈使句，or+陈述句”结构中 Let's put the cake in the fridge, or it may go bad tomorrow. either...or... “或者……或者……”, 连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要与最近的主语保持一致 Either you or I am going to attend the meeting. 因果关系 so “因此; 所以” （不和because同时使用）,表示结果 I was ill, so I didn't go to school. for “因为”, 用于补充说明理由,不放在句首，不能用于回答why开头的问句 Many accidents happen, for people are careless. 对比关系 while “然而”，用于对比 Mrs. Liu likes music while her husband likes sports. 代词 代词是代替名词或名词词组等的一类词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语。在应用中，需要注意代词与其所代替的词在人称、数等方面保持一致。 一． 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 用法概述 作主语 作宾语 意为“……的” 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词” 意为“……自己” 二．人称代词的用法 功能 位置 示例 主格 作主语 谓语动词之前 Bill's brother likes playing soccer and he is on the school team. 宾格 作宾语 实义动词之后 I don't know her. 介词之后 His mother is waiting for him outside. 作表语 系动词之后 —Hello, are you Mr. Morrison? —Yes. That's me. 易错提示 第三人称单数代词he/she/it作主语时，谓语动词也需要进行相应的形式变化，如is/does/has等。 三．物主代词的用法 位置与功能 示例 形容词性物主代词 用于名词前，相当于形容词，意为“……的”，即“my/your/his/her/its/our/their+名词” His parents are both office workers. 名词性物主代词 相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，起名词的作用 My idea is different from hers. = My idea is different from her idea. 1.形容词性物主代词（位于名词前作定语，不能单独使用，相当于形容词） Students are surrounded（环绕）by trees as they walk on （it）zigzag（之字形的）roads. 【答案】its 2.名词性物主代词 （1）相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，后面不能跟名词 My dream is to be an accountant and （她的）is to be an engineer. 【答案】hers （2）名词性物主代词可构成双重所有格（详见专题一） 例8A friend of （我的）will come to visit my family this weekend. 【答案】mine 四．反身代词的用法 用法 示例 用于动词或介词之后作宾语，意为“……自己” Think about it and ask yourself: have you really done everything right? How delicious! Did the students make the fruit salad all by themselves? 用在名词之后作同位语，起强调主语或宾语的作用 Did you see the manager himself? 1.作动词的宾语 Think about it and ask :have you really done everything right? A.you B.yourself C.me D.myself 【答案】B 2.作介词的宾语 They only stay in their own rooms playing by________（they）and become lonely. 【答案】themselves 3.作同位语（起强调主语或宾语的作用） 例11He said,“China______（it）is so big and these flowers can paint a fuller picture of Chinese spirit.” 【答案】itself 指示代词及it的用法 一、指示代词 近指 远指 用法 this（这个） that（那个） 指代单个的人或物；后面接单数名词 these（这些） those（那些） 指代复数的人或物；后面接复数名词 二、it的用法 类别 用法 示例 用于指代 指代上文提到的事物（可数名词单数或不可数名词） He bought a new book and he liked it. 指代天气、时间或距离 It's sunny today. It's 8 o'clock. It's a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. 作形式主语 It's+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是……的。/（某人）做某事是……的。 It's important for us to learn a foreign language. It's kind of you to help me with my homework. 作形式宾语 常用在动词find、think、make、consider、feel等之后，代替由动词不定式等表示的真正宾语 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to it. 用于某些结构 it depends视情况而定 make it获得成功；准时到达 take it easy别着急；放轻松 I believe I have the talent to make it. The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks. 用于固定句型 It seems that... 好像…… It's time to do/for/that... 是……的时间了。 It seems that the coach is satisfied with the result. It's time to say goodbye to your junior high school life. 拓展 it、one和that作代词的区别 it指代同名同物（特指同一事物）。如：I lost my pen. I can't find it anywhere. one指代同名异物（泛指同类事物），复数为ones。如：I need a pen. Can you lend me one? that指代同名异物（特指同类事物），常用于替代比较结构中的名词。如：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. 不定代词 不定代词是不明确指代某个（某些）人或事物的代词。其中，普通不定代词有时可作定语修饰名词。 一、普通不定代词 1.常见的表示量的不定代词 类别 用法及区别 示例 限定或指代可数名词 each （每个） 限定或指代单数名词； each表示两者或两者以上中的每一个，侧重个体，强调每一个，可与of连用 辨析：every表示三者或三者以上中的每一个，强调全部，只能作定语，不能作代词，不能与of连用 There are lots of trees on each side of the road. I'll ask each of you to speak for 3 minutes. Almost every student in our class passed the English exam. both （两者都） either （两者中的任何一个） neither（两者都不） 指代范围都为“两者”，都可与of连用； 固定搭配：both...and...（两者都） Both Tom and Sam can play the drums. There are flowers on either side of the river. Neither of them has/have a car. few （几乎没有） a few （有些;几个） many （许多） 限定或指代复数名词； few表否定意义； a few表肯定意义； many常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Few people know what happened. She has been doing this for a few years. Many people like to eat junk food. Why did you call so many times? 限定或指代不可数名词 little （几乎没有） a little （一点儿） much （许多） little表否定意义； a little表肯定意义； much常与表示程度的副词so、too、how等连用 Don't worry. There is a little time to go. There is little hope of success now. However, too much attention can also be a bad thing. 限定或指代可数和不可数名词 some （一些） any（一些;任何） some多用于肯定句中，也可用于表示邀请或请求的疑问句中； any多用于否定句、疑问句中，在肯定句中表示“任何一个” Some of the boys play football. Would you like some coffee? I need some more paint. There isn't any left. Take any book you like. none （没有一个；毫无） all （全部） 后接复数名词或不可数名词，指代或修饰可数名词时，表示“三者或三者以上都（不）”；都常与of连用 You've had all the fun and I've had all the hard work. None of his three sons live/lives nearby. 拓展 部分否定 each、every、both、all与not连用时表示部分否定；如果要表示全部否定,应使用none或neither。如： Every book is not educative.（不是每本书都有教育意义） None of the books is educative.（每本书都没有教育意义） Not all bamboo grows tall.（并非所有竹子都长得高） None of the bamboo grows tall.（所有竹子都长得不高） I don't want both books.（不是两本书都要） I want neither of the books.（两本书都不要） 2.other、the other、others、the others和another 易混词汇 含义 用法 示例 other 另外的 作定语,常与复数名词连用,但如果前面有the、no、my、your、his等,则可与单数名词连用 Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. My other sister is a doctor. the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” I have two books—one is English, and the other is French. others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）;不能作定语;可以构成“some...others...”结构 Some people still live in their hometown, but others may only go back once or twice a year. the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 There are many books on the table. Some are English, and the others are French. another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个,再一个”;作定语时,表示“另一的”或“再加的” I don't like this hat. Please show me another. We need another three chairs. 二、复合不定代词 1.常见的复合不定代词 some- any- no- every- something某事;某物 anything任何事物 nothing没有什么 everything每件事 somebody有人;某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人 someone有人;某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人 主要用于肯定句;用于疑问句时,表示希望得到肯定答复 主要用于否定句、疑问句 表示全部否定 常用于肯定句;常与否定词一起表示部分否定 2.复合不定代词的基本用法 （1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Nobody knows when life on the earth started. Something is wrong with my watch. （2）形容词、不定式或else修饰复合不定代词时需后置，即“复合不定代词+adj./to do/else”。 He realized that there was something wrong. （时间：30分钟） 1、 完成句子 1．Please remind ________ to introduce ________ at the meeting. (they) 2．这些工匠中没人能把这块石头雕刻成好看的形状。后来，杰西找到了一个好方法。 ________ ________ these craftsmen could carve the ________ into a nice ________.________ ________, Jesse found a good way. 3．如果我们每个人都遵循自然法则, 我们的世界将会越来越好。 If ________ ________ ________ ________ the rules of nature, our world will be better and better. 4．我们俩今晚都不去看电影, 因为我们都忙。 Neither of us ________ going to the cinema tonight because we ________ ________ busy. 5．好的文学作品描写的是每个人都理解的经历。作家应该用语言作为工具来表达他们的思想和感受。 Good literature is about experiences that __________ understands. Writers should use __________ as a tool to show their thoughts and feelings. 6．每个人都应该采取行动保护我们的地球。 __________ should __________ action to protect our Earth. 7．每次我试图和他们谈论这件事，他们要么失去耐心，要么坚持己见。 Every time I try __________ to them about this, they either __________ patience or just __________ to their own opinions. 8．方媛善良又有耐心。她认为没有什么比帮助病人和拯救生命更有意义。 Fang Yuan is __________ and __________. She thinks __________ is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives. 9．有些人可能会怀疑为什么这有必要，但事实上很多人欢迎这个想法。 Some may doubt ________ ________ ________ ________, but in fact many welcome the idea. 10．尽管任务很难，我们每人都能尽力完成它。 ________ ________ the task is very hard, we ________ ________ try our best to finish it. 2、 单项选择 1．I bought ________ mother an umbrella. ________ liked it very much. A．my; She B．you; Your C．my; Her D．you; She 2．________ has some new books. The books are on ________ shelf. A．He; his B．He; him C．Him; his D．His; he 3．During ________ school’s “Chinese Stories, English Voices” activity, ________ showed an English drama called The battle of Luding Bridge. A．ours; us B．ours; we C．our; us D．our; we 4．My mother bought a gift for ________. She hopes I like ________. A．me; one B．me; it C．my; this D．mine; that 5．Parents’ ideas may be different from ________, but we must know they are the people who love us the most. A．mine B．ours C．yours D．theirs 6．— Is this dictionary ________? — No, it isn’t. I left ________ at home. A．your; my B．yours; mine C．your; mine D．yours; my 7．Players should challenge ________ and break their limits constantly. A．them B．their C．themselves D．theirs 8．Lucy came to the mirror and gave ________ a big smile before the performance(表演). She was not so nervous any more. A．themselves B．himself C．herself D．myself 9．The flowers grown in our school look fresher than ________ planted beside the busy street. A．one B．ones C．that D．those 10．—Which of these two dresses do you prefer, the pink one or the red one, Madam? — ________, thanks. I would rather take a look at that light green one. A．Both B．None C．Neither D．All 11．—Here are four books on art. Which one would you like to read? —________. You see, I’m only interested in sports these days. A．Neither B．None C．All D．Either 12．Now there is ________ fresh water pollution than before. A．few B．fewer C．little D．Less 3、 完形填空 Failed in buying things off Taobao and Tmall, three Americans set out to create Baopals, a website that acts as a middleman between foreigners and these e-commerce(电子商务) sites. “We really wanted to shop on Taobao and Tmall because we knew we could buy things at really 1 prices,” said Charlie Erickson, one of the three Americans. “But we were unable to do so because we couldn’t read Chinese and therefore needed help on almost every detail, including searching for products, paying for them and tracking(追踪) the deliveries(投递).” “That’s when we 2 the idea of creating an English website to help other foreigners.” On the opening day ---- March 1 in 2016, Baopals received 12 3 of 22 products which totaled about 1,360 yuan ($202) in sales. Today, 16 months from its opening, 115,000 orders with a total value of 29 million yuan have been placed on the site. Users can shop on Baopals on the website or WeChat, both of which 4 details such as product information and customer reviews. When users buy a product on Baopals, they are buying it 5 from the Taobao or Tmall sellers. They don’t need a middle buyer to buy for them. But users need to pay Baopals a 5percent service fee each order. Baopals also helps to 6 the English addresses into Chinese. Thornhill explained that the main problem faced by many foreigners when shopping online in China is not always the 7 problem but the payment methods. He pointed out that many international credit cards cannot be used on Alibaba’s website because some foreign banks might think the deals unsafe and 8 the payment. Because of this, Baopals teaches users how to use Alipay, UnionPay and WeChat Pay for their deals. 1．A．low B．usual C．rising D．valuable 2．A．heard of B．asked for C．paid attention to D．came up with 3．A．replies B．orders C．calls D．tickets 4．A．know B．catch C．support D．provide 5．A．busily B．silently C．directly D．excitedly 6．A．get B．look C．divide D．translate 7．A．price B．quality C．delivery D．language 8．A．pass B．count C．cancel D．notice 4、 阅读理解 Passage 1 At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits. 1 As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make. We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. 2 In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices. We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How? 3 After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goals will greatly satisfy us. Without doubt, we should treat money in the right way. 4 From these lessons, we can gradually develop a better understanding of money management and right money values. A．Money doesn’t grow on trees. B．Actually, learning how to manage money isn’t a hard job. C．It’s important for us to have a plan for spending money. D．Borrowing money from others is a good way to buy what we want. E．Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. Passage 2 Have you ever heard of minimalism (极简主义)? It is the practice of making life easier by decluttering (整理) and letting go, trying to make life simpler and happier. For example, minimalists throw away things they don’t need and focus on building strong friendships instead of having too many friends they don’t care much about. This year, minimalism has become more popular, with many people sharing their minimalist habits online. According to Taizhou Daily, the topic “minimalism” on Xiaohongshu has already reached over 3.1 billion views.     “It helps me think about why I care so much about material things instead of myself,” one user shared. While minimalism has its good points, I believe it also has some problems. Minimalists often try to control every part of their lives, which can lead to worrying too much and chasing perfection. “To avoid buying things I don’t need, I spend too much time looking at the good and bad sides instead of just deciding,” one person shared online. “I’ve done this before; it’s a waste of time.” The pressure to make every part of life perfect can make people feel nervous and stressed. When they can’t keep up with this idea, they may feel upset. Some young people even take minimalism too far. Besides cutting extra spending, they might cut back on social activities and spend less time with others. “When a person leads a minimalist life without making friends and going after things they like, it can hurt their emotional resilience,” said Chen Junjie, vice-president of the Yuhuan Psychological Health Association. Without a strong support system, people may feel lonely and miss out on help when facing challenges. This can hold them back from trying new things or dreaming big, hurting their creativity and excitement for life in the process. In short, while minimalism encourages people to live more carefully, taking it too far can make life feel less rich. Young people should try to find a middle ground, living simply while staying active and connected. 5．According to the article, what is a common practice among minimalists? A．Collecting valuable items. B．Keeping just a few close friends. C．Organizing their belongings regularly. D．Seeking new experiences frequently. 6．Why do some minimalists feel stressed, according to the article? A．They aim to do everything perfectly. B．They struggle to afford basic necessities. C．They have trouble making decisions. D．They often compare themselves to others. 7．According to Chen Junjie, how can taking minimalism too far affect young people? A．It can encourage risky behavior. B．It can lead to serious health problems. C．It can weaken their ability to handle emotions. D．It can stop them from expressing themselves. 8．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward minimalism? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Neutral. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $