2025-2026学年高中英语外研版必修第三册情景导学语法填空课文精练

必修三—语法填空知识点 1. CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA: WORTH THE RISKS? Last year, hundreds of people spent good money 1. ________ an experience that they knew would include crowds, 2. ________ (comfort) and danger. Many would become sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, 3. ________ a few would even lose their lives. Yet, despite all this, by the end of the trip many were already planning to return. For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, 4. ________ (make) some feel weak and others, powerful. British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma, “5. ________ we get from this adventure is just sheer joy... We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means and what life is for.” 6. ________ (sad), Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924, although his body would not 7. ________ (find) until many years later. It is still not known if he succeeded in 8. ________ (reach) the top of Qomolangma before it took his life. In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory 9. ________ (speak) by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, 10. ________ climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. “It brings into focus 11. ________ is important to you.” He added, “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You really have to focus 12. ________ the one reason that’s most important and unique to you. It forces you 13. ________ (look) deep inside yourself and figure out 14. ________ you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when you want to stop.” With the majority of 15. ________ (attempt) to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success 16. ________ failure, is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking? Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely 17. ________ (take) risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years 18. ________ (study) people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars, as well as those 19. _________ climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people 20. ________ “Type T”, with the “T” standing 21. ________ “thrill”. Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities, Farley said, “They’ll say, ‘I’m not taking risks, I’m an expert...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.” Research also suggests that our desire 22. ________ (seek) risks can be connected to how much we expect 23. ________ (benefit) from the result. With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks? It’s 24. ________ (total) up to you. 2. TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA In 1866, a terrible sea creature is seen by several ships. Biologist Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant, Conseil, join a ship 1.________ (find) and kill the creature. After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean, the creature is finally seen. While attacking from the ship, Aronnax and Conseil, along with the whale hunter Ned Land, fall into the sea, and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine. They 2.________ (capture) and taken inside the submarine, 3.________ they meet the man in charge, Captain Nemo. Ahead of its time, the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world. In order to keep this secret, Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted 4.________ (leave) the submarine. While Ned Land can think only of escaping, Aronnax and Conseil 5._________ (fascinate) by their adventures in the new underwater world. In this part 6.________ (adapt) from a chapter of the book, Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed... And now, how can I look back upon the impression 7.________ (leave) upon me by that walk under the waters? Words are not enough 8.________ (relate) such wonders! Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men 9.________ (follow) some steps behind. Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside 10.________ my head shook like a nut in its shell. The light, which 11.________ (light) the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, 12.________ (astonish) me by its power. The solar rays 13.________ (shine) through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects 14.________ a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue, and gradually disappeared. 15. ________ (true) this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere, but almost as clear. Above me was the calm surface of the sea. We were walking on fine, even sand, not wrinkled, as on a flat shore, 16.________ keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet, really a reflector, 17.________ (drive) away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity, which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid. Shall I be believed when I say that, at the 18.________ (deep) of thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight? (Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne) 3 (2025-2026学年高一上·沈阳·期末)It’s early August and the research ship Hero sails at 80 degrees north along ____1____ coastline of Svalbard. It’ s approaching midnight when Hero’s captain, Norwegian biologist Joe, receives word that blue whales may be spotted in the area ____2____ they are rare to see. “We sailed the entire day and came around the northern tip of Spitsbergen,” recalls Heide. “I sat there with my binoculars (双筒望远镜), ____3____ (look) around, and then I saw a slight blow in the far distance.” Fortunately, just an hour later they sailed beside an adult blue whale and photographer William ____4____ (ready) his drone and cameras at once. “The moment we saw it was pure joy and one of my life’s highlights,” says Joe. The team remained with the whale until the early hours of the morning. Drones were used ____5____ (identify) the whale and document its overall body condition. Afterwards the team spotted blows farther south, ____6____ an hour later sailed alongside two more blue whales. Joe saw several more blows nearby and estimated that there were about ten ____7____ (individual) in total. Blue whales were hunted to near extinction, ____8____ only about 1,000 left in the North Atlantic. Witnessing about 1% of them was an incredible sight. This rare gathering is a hopeful sign of the slow ____9____ (recover) of their population. For the 2026 season, Joe’s mission is to sail back to Svalbard to engage, study and ____10____ (far) document blue whales in the Arctic. 4 (2025-2026学年高一上·四川·月考)Mount Emei backs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and stands on the southwest edge of the Sichuan Basin. Three million years ago, the main part of Mount Emei rose ___11___ (sharp) along a fault line. Due to a complex ___12___ (combine) of erosion (侵蚀), weathering, and collapse, a massive height difference was formed, creating a dramatic landscape that attracts visitors ___13___ (admire) it. The Summit of Ten Thousand Buddhas, with a height of 3,099 meters, ___14___ (be) the highest peak of Mount Emei. Mount Emei has the world’s largest metal building complex, and is also a world cultural ___15___ natural heritage site. The Buddha statue of Samantabhadra, ___16___ (measure) 48 meters high, lies at the heart of the Golden Summit on Mount Emei. The ten heads of the Buddha statue are divided ___17___ three layers (层), each with different expressions, representing the ten ___18___ (attitude) of ordinary people. Mount Emei also owns the Baoguo Temple, ___19___ many temple halls stand quietly, telling stories of centuries. Visitors can lost ___20___ (they) in the peaceful atmosphere, feeling their minds calmed by the mountain’s charm. 5 Ben has some problems at school. He was ______ (disappoint) with his teammate, the point guard, because he felt the team were let down by him. Ben told his best friend that the point guard was to blame, just to let (let) off steam. However, his best friend told everyone else what he said. _________ (embarrass) and ashamed, Ben can’t concentrate______ anything. Agony Aunt gives Ben some ________(suggest). First, he should apologise to his teammate. After all, they need to work together to win any more basketball games, _____ means communicating with each other clearly and _______ (resolve) conflicts. Second, he should talk to his best friend. Tell his best friend he is angry with him for repeating what he said and making the situation _____ (bad), but that he wants to move on. Third, he should think about his own behaviour. He shouldn’t say too much when he is angry. Instead, he should take______deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later. If he thinks about other people’s feelings as well as his own, he’ll soon find everything works out. 6 As an old English saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” It is more than an old cliché (陈词滥调), but _____good way to live your life. First, honesty is the______(easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships ______ (destroy) by lies. Second, honesty gives us much ______ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people ________ (pay) a price for their acts; __________(相反）, when we are honest, we are _____(true) free. If there are two people _______ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person________is known to be dishonest, who will you be more likely ________(believe)? I’m sure most people will side with the honest one. We want to live in the truth. The truth sets us free and lies bring us nothing______more trouble. 7. As a six-year-old schoolboy from Canada, Ryan had trouble______(believe) his teacher’s words that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He wanted to do something for them, so he planned to earn money ____ (build) a single well somewhere in Africa. Soon he reached his first target of $70, but he _______(tell) that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump. However, _____the people needed was a well dug near their homes. Ryan didn’t give up. He was _______ (determine) to raise money to help them. After several _______(month), he finally raised enough money and a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no ______(long) needed to walk for hours to get water. He really had made _____difference for them. Ryan broke_______ a joyful smile. Later, Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many _______(inspire) people gave him their support. Today, many people in some countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. 8 After graduating from university, Pamela decided to go abroad as a volunteer teacher for a year. When she realised she would be teaching deaf and blind children, she was a little____(shock). But after a month’s training, she felt more confident that she would be able to deal _____the situation. The basic living conditions also appeared as something of a shock. Pamela’s school was situated in a remote Ethiopian village, ______ her accommodation consisted ___one room and a shared bathroom. Not only ____the space small and crowded, but there was no electricity, Internet or telephone access. She felt ______ (total) cut off from the outside world. Now back home in Britain, Pamela has used her precious experience to _____(成立）a similar school. The specialised help she offers to____ deaf and blind has made a huge ______(different) to dozens of children who would otherwise find themselves _______ (struggle) to learn. At the moment, though, she ________ (concentrate) her efforts on expanding her school to cater for children with other learning difficulties too. It seems _____(仿佛）the more people get to know her, the ______ (great) the demand is for her skills. 9 Dr Richard Fairhurst, the author of The New Age of Invention, is being interviewed. Here____some of his ____(view). There have been golden ages of invention throughout history. In Ancient China, there were four great______ (invent): gunpowder, papermaking, printing _____ the compass. Then there were the great Western inventions including the steam engine, the telephone and the radio. In today’s new age of technology, most of the new great inventions are tech-based, such as advances _____ virtual reality and wearable tech, as well as the flexible battery. In ____(add), important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to ______ (increase) computer power, such as 3D printers and intelligent ______ (walk) houses. As for inspiration for inventions, most inventions _____(以某某开始）recognizing a problem that needs a solution and it is the incredible desire _____ (think) and create ______ is the real spirit of invention. 10. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive disease _____ (begin) with mild (轻微的) memory loss and possibly leading to loss of the ability to carry on a conversation and _______(对某某做出回应）the environment. It can_____（serious) affect a person’s ability to carry out daily activities. If someone has several or even most of the signs _____ (list) above, it does not mean that he or she has Alzheimer’s disease. However, it’s important ______(咨询） a health care provider. The majority of people with Alzheimer’s disease _____ (be) 65 and above. Alzheimer’s disease is considered to be the most common mental disease among older people, and ____ number of sufferers is growing. There’s still no cure _____ it at present. ______ (current), many people living with Alzheimer’s disease _______ (care) for at home by family members. Although most people willingly provide care for their loved ones, _____for a person with Alzheimer’s disease at home can be a difficult task and may become overwhelming at _____ (time). As the disease gets _____ (bad), people living with it often need more intensive care. 11. This broadcast _____ (bring) to you from the Louvre. Today we’re going to find out about some of the Louvre’s most______ (amaze) treasures! The first one is a huge sculpture _____ (call) Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace. It looks like she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship. Her head and arms are missing and her dress is being folded 4. by the wind. The next one is the painting Mona Lisa and it seems she has a mind of her own! I guess that’s 5. why she attracts so many visitors every day. And now, it’s time 6. to get (get) up close and personal with one of the 7. greatest (great) artists — Rembrandt! He painted over 90 8. self-portraits (self-portrait) throughout his life but no one 9. really (real) knows why. About 35,000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and 10. it would take a lifetime to see everything! 12 If you still remember ____dazzling opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, you may not be _____（不熟悉的）with its official logo: a red Chinese character “Jing”. The design of the logo______ (inspire) by the ancient Chinese art of seal cutting, the history of _____ could ______ (追溯到）thousands of years ago. Seals _______ (appear) in the Chinese society before the Qin Dynasty, and __________ (original), they were mostly used as a symbol of power. At that time, the seals, either for the emperors ____ for _____ (official), were all called “Xi (玺)”. Starting from the Qin Dynasty, Xis were only allowed _____ (describe) the seals for the emperors; the officials’ seals were named “Yin (印)”. When ______ (appoint) an official, the emperor would bestow (授予) a seal on him that was tied to a silk belt. It was the most important symbol of______ (they) status and power, so the officials would take the seals wherever they went. 13 Last year, many people spent good money____an experience that would include crowds, discomfort and danger. For these people, ______( climb ) Qomolangma is an experience like no other, ______ (make) some feel weak and others, powerful. According to British mountain climber George Mallory, people eat and make money______ (enjoy) life. ________(fortunate), Mallory died on the mountain in 1924, and it remains unknown _______ he succeeded in _____ ( reach ) the top of Qomolangma before it took his life. In 2011, American mountain climber Alan Arnette spoke the similar words to______ (that) of Mallory. Besides, recent studies show that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely ____ (take) risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley ______ the personalities of these people as Type T”, with the “T” ______ (stand) for “thrill”. Research also suggests that our desire____ ( seek ) risks can _______ (connect) to how much we expect to benefit from the result. All in all, whether the benefits of climbing Qomolangma are worth the risks totally ____ (取决于）ourselves. 答案详解 Passage 1 CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA: WORTH THE RISKS? on 固定搭配 spend money on sth 在某物上花钱。 discomfort 并列名词，crowds, ____, danger，需要名词；comfort “舒适”，反义词 discomfort “不适”。 and 并列连词，很多人会生病，并且少数人甚至丧命。 making 现在分词作结果状语，前面整件事带来后面的结果。 What 主语从句引导词，What we get 我们从中收获的东西；what 在从句充当 get 宾语。 Sadly 副词放句首修饰整个句子，不幸的是。 be found 被动语态；would 后接动词原形，body 和 find 是被动关系：尸体被发现。 reaching succeed in doing sth 成功做某事，介词 in 后接动名词。 were spoken 一般过去时被动；主语 words（复数），话语被人说出。 who 非限制性定语从句，先行词 Alan Arnette 是人，从句缺主语。 what 宾语从句，what 在从句作主语，“对你重要的事物”。 on 固定短语 focus on 聚焦于。 to look force sb to do 迫使某人做某事。 if/whether 宾语从句，表 “是否”，弄清楚你是否拥有身心韧性。 attempts the majority of + 可数名词复数；attempt “尝试”，复数 attempts。 or either…or… 要么…… 要么……，要么成功要么失败。 to take be likely to do 有可能做某事。 studying spend time (in) doing 花费时间做某事。 who 定语从句，先行词 those 指代人，从句缺主语。 as refer to A as B 把 A 称作 B。 for stand for 代表。 to seek 不定式作后置定语：the desire to do 做…… 的渴望。 to benefit expect to do 期待做某事。 totally 副词修饰固定短语 be up to you。 Passage 2 TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA to find 不定式表目的，上船去寻找并捕杀这个生物。 are captured 一般现在时被动；they（他们）被捕获。 where 定语从句，先行词 submarine 是地点，从句不缺主宾，用 where，在潜艇里面。 to leave be permitted to do 被允许做某事。 are fascinated 被动；be fascinated by 被…… 深深吸引。 adapted 过去分词作后置定语，part 和 adapt 是被动，“改编自书中章节的片段”。 left 过去分词后置，impression left upon me 留给我的印象。 to relate enough to do 足够…… 去做。 following 独立主格；逻辑主语 one of his men，主动跟随，用 doing。 which 介词 + 关系代词；inside which = inside the helmet。 lit/lighted 定语从句谓语，全文过去时，light 过去式 lit/lighted。 astonished 主句谓语，一般过去时，这件光线让我震惊。 shone shine 的过去式 shone，“阳光照射”。 at at a distance of 在…… 距离处。 Truly 副词，置于句首修饰整句，诚然。 which 定语从句，先行词 sand，从句缺主语，非限定用 which。 drove drive 过去式 drove，驱赶、反射。 depth at the depth of 在…… 深度；deep 形容词→depth 名词。 Passage3 沈阳期末 the 特指斯瓦尔巴群岛的海岸线，the + 名词 of。 although/though 让步状语从句：蓝鲸很罕见，尽管如此仍有可能在此区域见到。 looking 现在分词作伴随状语，我拿着望远镜，（同时）四处观望。 readied 一般过去时，全文故事为过去，ready 动词含义 “准备好”。 to identify be used to do 被用来做某事。 and 并列连词，发现远处喷水，然后一小时后又遇见两头蓝鲸。 individuals ten 后接名词复数；individual 此处指个体（鲸鱼）。 with with 复合结构 with + 宾语 + 宾补，作伴随状语：北大西洋仅剩大约 1000 头。 recovery 形容词 slow 修饰名词；recover 动词→recovery 名词，种群恢复。 further far 的比较级，进一步记录。farther 侧重距离；further 侧重程度 “进一步”。 Passage4 四川月考 sharply 副词修饰动词 rose，急剧隆起。 combination complex 形容词修饰名词；combine 动词→combination 名词，复杂的组合。 to admire 不定式表目的，吸引游客前来欣赏。 is 主语 Summit 单数，客观事实一般现在时。 and cultural and natural heritage 文化和自然双重遗产。 measuring 现在分词作后置定语；measure 表示 “（尺寸）长 / 高……” 无被动，用 doing。 into be divided into 被划分成。 attitudes ten 后接复数名词。 where 定语从句，先行词 Baoguo Temple 地点，从句不缺主宾，在寺庙里。 themselves lose oneself in 沉浸于；主语 visitors 反身代词 themselves。 Passage5 disappointed 修饰人，be disappointed with sb 对某人感到失望。 Embarrassed 形容词作状语，描述主语 Ben 的状态，感到尴尬的，首字母大写。 on concentrate on 集中注意力于。 suggestions some 后接可数名词复数；suggest 动词→suggestion 名词。 which 非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事，用 which。 resolving 和 communicating 并列，作 means 的宾语。 worse make sth + 比较级，使情况变得更糟。 a take a deep breath 深呼吸，固定短语。 Passage6 a a good way 一种好的方式。 easiest the + 形容词最高级，最容易的选择。 are destroyed 一般现在时被动，很多关系被谎言毁掉。 freedom much 修饰不可数名词；free 形容词→freedom 名词自由。 will pay sooner or later “迟早”，用一般将来时。 on the contrary 固定短语，相反。 truly 副词修饰形容词 free。 standing 现在分词后置修饰 people，主动站在你面前。 who/that 定语从句，先行词 person 是人，从句缺主语。 to believe be likely to do 有可能相信。 but nothing but 只不过，仅仅。 Passage7 believing have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难。 to build 不定式表目的，赚钱为了修建水井。 was told 一般过去被动，他被告知。 what 主语从句，what 在从句作 needed 宾语，人们所需要的东西。 determined be determined to do 下定决心做某事。 months several 几个，后接复数名词。 longer no longer 不再。 a make a difference 产生影响，起作用。 into break into a smile 忽然露出笑容。 inspired 形容词修饰 people，受到鼓舞的人；inspiring 令人鼓舞的。 Passage8 shocked 修饰人，感到震惊的。 with deal with 处理，应对。 so 并列句，学校在偏远村庄，所以住宿只有一间房。 of consist of 由…… 组成（无被动）。 was Not only 置于句首部分倒装；主语 space 单数，全文过去时。 totally 副词修饰 cut off，完全与世隔绝。 set up 固定短语，成立。 the the + 形容词，表示一类人：the deaf and blind 盲聋人群。 difference make a huge difference 产生巨大影响。 struggling find sb doing 发现某人正在……，现在分词宾补。 is concentrating at the moment 此刻，现在进行时。 as if/as though 仿佛，好像。 greater the + 比较级，the + 比较级：越…… 就越……。 Passage9 are here be 倒装句，后面 views 复数，用 are。 views some 后复数，观点。 inventions four great inventions 四大发明。 and 并列列举。 in advances in … 在…… 方面的进展。 addition in addition 此外。 increasing 现在分词作定语，不断增长的计算机算力。 walking 动名词作定语，walking houses 可移动房屋。 starts with 固定短语，以…… 开始。 to think desire to do 做…… 的渴望。 that 强调句型 it is …that…。 Passage10 beginning 现在分词后置修饰 disease，主动：疾病始于轻度失忆。 respond to 固定短语，对…… 做出回应。 seriously 副词修饰动词 affect，严重影响。 listed 过去分词后置，上面列出的症状。 to consult it is important to do 做某事很重要；consult 咨询。 are the majority of people，主语 people 复数，谓语用 are。 the the number of …… 的数量，谓语单数。 for cure for sth …… 的疗法。 Currently 副词，目前。 are cared 一般现在被动，患者被家人照料。 caring 动名词作主语，在家照顾阿尔茨海默病人这件事。 times at times 有时候。 worse get worse 变得更糟，暗含比较。 Passage11 is brought 一般现在被动，广播节目被带给听众。 amazing 修饰物 treasures，令人惊叹的；amazed 修饰人。 called 过去分词后置，名叫萨莫色雷斯的胜利女神。 really 副词修饰动词 knows。 Passage12 the 特指 2008 北京奥运开幕式，the + 名词。 unfamiliar be unfamiliar with 对…… 不熟悉。 was inspired 一般过去被动，设计灵感来源于篆刻。 which 介词 + which，the history of which = whose history。 date back to 追溯到，无被动。 had appeared 过去完成时，秦朝之前就出现，动作发生在过去动作之前。 originally 副词，最初。 or either…or… 要么…… 要么。 officials 复数，官员们。 to describe be allowed to do 被允许做。 appointing 状语从句省略，逻辑主语 the emperor，主动任命官员，用 doing。 their 形容词性物主代词，修饰 status。 Passage13（珠峰改写篇） on spend money on sth climbing 动名词作主语，爬山这件事。 making 现在分词作结果状语。 to enjoy 不定式表目的，赚钱吃饭是为享受生活。 Unfortunately 副词，不幸的是。 whether/if 主语从句，是否。 reaching succeed in doing。 those 代词，指代前面 words，复数。 to take be likely to do。 describes 一般现在时，主语 Frank Farley 单数。 standing with 复合结构，T 代表 thrill，主动。 to seek desire to do。 be connected can 情态动词 + 动词原形；be connected to 和…… 相关。 depends on 取决于；主语 whether 从句视为单数，谓语 depends on。 全国卷语法填空知识点总结讲义（含历年高频考点） 一、近5年全国卷语法填空高频考点TOP5 动词的时态/语态/非谓语（每年3-4空，占比最高）形容词/副词的词性转换+级的变化（每年2空）介词（固定搭配为主，每年1-2空） 连词（并列/从属/定语从句，每年1-2空）名词单复数/词性转换（每年1空） 二、解题万能步骤（3步搞定所有空） 第一步：判断“有提示词/无提示词” 有提示词：优先考虑动词变形，其次形/副/名/代词转换；无提示词：优先考虑介词/连词，其次冠词/情态动词。 第二步：分析“句子成分+语境” 缺谓语：用动词的时态/语态/主谓一致；缺定语/状语/宾语补足语：用非谓语动词；修饰n./系动词后：用形容词；修饰v./adj./句子：用副词； 连接句子/成分：用连词；表搭配/方位/时间：用介词。 第三步：检查“固定搭配+语法规则” 核对固定搭配（如be allowed to do/spend on）； 检查词形变化规则（如副词+ly/名词复数不规则变化）； 三、题型考情全国卷语法填空共10空，满分15分；有提示词6-7空（动词、名词、形容词/副词、代词为主），无提示词3-4空（介词、连词、冠词、情态动词为主）。近5年考点分布高度集中，侧重考查词形变换、句法结构、固定搭配，注重在语境中考查语法应用能力。 四、核心考点分类精讲（附历年考频+解题技巧） （一）有提示词类（6-7空，核心考查） 考点1：动词（最高频，每年3-4空） 谓语动词（时态/语态/主谓一致） 考频：每年必考，近5年考查一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时居多，被动语态常与过去时/完成时结合。真题示例：2024全国甲卷 The design of the logo ______ (inspire) by ancient seal cutting → was inspired（过去时+被动）；2023全国乙卷 He ______ (climb) the mountain three times since 2010 → has climbed（现在完成时）。 解技巧：找时间标志词（ago/since/in 2008/so far），判断主谓主动/被动关系，核对主谓一致（单三/复数）。 非谓语动词（to do/doing/done） 考频：每年必考，近5年doing作状语/定语、to do作目的状语、done作定语/状语为高频。 真题示例：2025全国卷 Climbing Qomolangma is an experience ______ (make) people feel powerful → making（主动作伴随状语）；2022全国甲卷 He was allowed ______ (enter) the room → to enter（be allowed to do固定搭配）。 解题技巧：判断动词与逻辑主语的主动/被动（主动doing/done，被动done），明确功能（目的用to do，伴随/结果用doing，完成/被动用done）。 考点2：形容词/副词（每年2空左右） 级的变化（原级/比较级/最高级） 考频：近5年比较级（than/even/much）、最高级（the/one of the）考查最多。 真题示例：2024全国乙卷 This book is ______ (interesting) than that one → more interesting；2023全国甲卷 It is the ______ (important) lesson I have ever learned → most important。 词性转换（形转副/副转形） 考频：每年必考，修饰动词/形容词/整句用副词，修饰名词/系动词后用形容词。 真题示例：2025全国卷 He acted ______ (original) in the play → originally；2022全国乙卷 She is a ______ (care) girl → careful。 解题技巧：看空格后词性（n.用形，v./adj./句子用副），找比较/最高级标志词。 考点3：名词（每年1空左右）单复数变化 考频：近5年可数名词变复数（规则/不规则）为核心，不可数名词无变化。 真题示例：2024全国甲卷 There are many ______ (child) in the park → children；2023全国乙卷 He has two ______ (knife) → knives。 词性转换（动/形转名） 真题示例：2025全国卷 His ______ (decide) surprised everyone → decision；2022全国甲卷 We need ______ (patient) to finish the work → patience。 解题技巧：看空格前冠词/形容词/数词（a/an/the/some/many后用名词），判断可数/不可数。 考点4：代词（每年0-1空） 物主代词（形物代/名物代：my/mine/their/theirs） 真题示例：2024全国乙卷 This is ______ (they) book → their（形物代修饰n.）。 反身代词（myself/yourself/themselves） 真题示例：2023全国甲卷 He did the work by ______ (he) → himself。 指示代词（that/those，指代前文单数/复数名词） 真题示例：2025全国卷 His words are similar to ______ (that) of his father → those。 解题技巧：看空格后是否有名词（有则形物代，无则名物代），指代前文用that/those。 （二）无提示词类（3-4空，侧重句法） 考点1：介词（每年1-2空，最高频） 固定搭配介词（考频最高，需积累） 核心搭配：be familiar with / be inspired by / spend money on / refer to...as / depend on / succeed in doing。 真题示例：2025全国卷 spent good money ______ an experience → on；2024全国甲卷 unfamiliar ______ the logo → with。 方位/时间介词（in/on/at/by/for） 真题示例：2023全国乙卷 ______ the morning of July 1st → On。 解题技巧：优先考虑固定搭配，无搭配则根据语境表方位/时间/对象判断。 考点2：连词（每年1-2空，分3类） 并列连词（and/but/or/so，连接并列句/词） 高频：either...or... / not only...but also...（近5年多次考查）。 真题示例：2025全国卷 either success ______ failure → or。 从属连词（引导从句：that/if/whether/when/while/because） 考频：if/whether（宾语从句表“是否”）、when/while（时间状语从句）、because（原因状语从句）为高频。 真题示例：2025全国卷 it remains unknown ______ he succeeded → if/whether；2024全国甲卷 ______ he was young, he liked painting → When。 定语从句关系词（which/that/who/whose/where/when） 考频：每年0-1空，which（指物，作主语/宾语）、who（指人，作主语/宾语）、whose（表所属）为核心。 真题示例：2024全国甲卷 the history of ______ could be traced back → which（指物，作介词宾语）。 解题技巧：先判断并列/主从，定语从句先找先行词（人/物/时间/地点），再看关系词在从句中成分。 考点3：冠词（每年0-1空，a/an/the） 不定冠词（a/an，表泛指，元音音素前用an） 真题示例：2025全国卷 is ______ experience like no other → an（experience表“一次经历”，可数，元音音素开头）。 定冠词（the，表特指/最高级/序数词/专有名词） 真题示例：2023全国甲卷 ______ top of the mountain → The（特指）。 零冠词（复数名词/不可数名词表泛指，固定搭配：at school/by bus） 解题技巧：看名词泛指/特指，判断可数名词单数/复数，注意元音音素开头（an）。 考点4：情态动词（每年0-1空，can/may/must/should） 考频：侧重情态动词+动词原形，表“能力/可能性/义务”。 真题示例：2022全国乙卷 We ______ protect the environment → should。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $