精品解析：广东省江门市新会第一中学2026-2027学年高三上学期诊断练习（一）英语试题

2027届高三诊断练习（一） 英语科 本试卷共9页，满分为120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 I. 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A Guide to an Online Learning Platform Online education has become an increasingly popular choice for high school students. To help you make better use of digital study tools, here is basic information about a broadly used online learning platform. Main Functions The platform combines a wide range of advanced learning tools, including pre-recorded video courses, live interactive lectures and automatic homework assessment. It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses, allowing users to download learning materials for offline use when network access is not available. Course Categories ● Basic Academic Courses: it covers fundamental subjects for senior high students, including Math, English and Chinese. ● Exam-oriented Courses: it provides abundant courses designed for exam revision and key point consolidation. ● Ability-improving Courses: it offers various skill-building programs to develop students’ comprehensive abilities. Service & Pricing The following chart shows different membership choices and the courses included. Membership Type Price Courses Included Monthly $39 Basic Academic Courses Quarterly $99 Any two types of the three courses Yearly $364 All three types of courses ● New users can enjoy a 7-day free trial of all courses. ● Online customer service is provided to solve technical problems quickly. User Tips To make online learning more effective, students are encouraged to set clear daily learning targets and avoid distractions during class. Meanwhile, reviewing key points in time is strongly suggested, as it helps deepen understanding and improves long-term memory. 1. What can the platform do for students? A. Assist them to record video courses. B. Help them make tailored learning plans. C. Teach them how to give interactive lectures. D. Remove their learning weaknesses for good. 2. What is the lowest cost of two-course types for 6 months? A. $182. B. $198. C. $234. D. $364. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare different online courses. B. To teach students how to study online. C. To show how to design online courses. D. To introduce an online learning platform. B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World C Eating a traditional Mediterranean-type diet-rich in foods such as seafood, fruit, and nuts- -may help reduce the risk of dementia (痴呆) by almost a quarter, a new study has revealed. Experts at Newcastle University found that individuals who ate a Mediterranean-like diet had up to 23% lower risk for dementia than those who did not. This research, published today in the journal BMC Medicine, is one of the biggest studies of its kind. Scientists analyzed data from 60,298 individuals from the UK Biobank, including individuals from across the UK, who had completed a dietary assessment. The authors scored individuals based on how closely their diet matched the key features of a Mediterranean one. The participants were allowed for almost a decade, during which time there were 882 cases of dementia. The authors considered each individual’s genetic risk for dementia by estimating what is known as their polygenic (多基因的) risk-a measure of all the different genes that are related to the risk of dementia. They found that there were similar associations between sticking to Mediterranean diet and dementia risk in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk for this condition, which may indicate that even for those with a higher genetic risk, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition. Dr Janice Ranson, joint lead author on the paper, said: “Dementia impacts the lives of millions of individuals throughout the world, and there are currently limited options for treating this condition. Our study shows a Mediterranean diet that has a high intake of healthy plant-based foods may be important for future strategies to reduce dementia risk. For example, the dementia prevention efforts could go beyond general healthy diet advice and focus on choosing specific foods and nutrients.” The authors caution that their analysis is limited to individuals who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, as genetic data was only available based on European countries, and that further research is needed in a range of populations to determine the potential benefit. 8. What did scientists do during the study? A. They scored the Mediterranean diet. B. They tracked the participants’ health. C. They collected data from 60298 families. D. They selected 882 potential dementia cases. 9. What can we infer about the Mediterranean diet from paragraph 4? A. Its effect is closely related to the polygenic risk. B. It increases one’s chance of developing dementia. C. It can reduce dementia risk regardless of one’s genetic risk. D. It can provide protection against various genetic diseases. 10. What are Dr Janice Ranson’s words mainly about? A. Values of the study. B. Features of the study. C. Elements of a healthy diet. D. Ways to deal with dementia. 11. What will further research most probably focus on? A. Finding out more benefits of the Mediterranean diet. B. Applying the findings to the treatment of dementia. C. Involving participants of diverse races and nationalities. D. Studying the rate of dementia within different age groups. D Parents, teachers and caregivers have long suspected the magic of storytelling to calm kids. Researchers have now quantified the biological and emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that narrative has the power to transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington from Brazil’s Federal University. “Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.” So investigators working in several Brazilian hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged 4 to 11 into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers took spit samples from each child, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz. Children in both groups benefited measurably from the interactions; they showed lower levels of cortisol — the stress-related hormone — and higher levels of oxytocin, which is often described as a feel-good hormone. Yet kids in the storytelling group benefited significantly more: their cortisol levels were a quarter of those in the riddle group, and their oxytocin levels were nearly twice as high. Those who heard stories also reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words to describe their hospital stay. The study demonstrates that playing games or simply interacting with someone can relax kids and improve their outlook but that hearing stories has an especially dramatic effect. “The researchers really tried to control the social interaction component of the storyteller, which I think was the key,” says Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University who was not involved in the new research. Next, the investigators plan to study how long these effects last, along with storytelling’s potential benefits to kids with particular illnesses such as cancer. For now Brockington says the results indicate storytelling is a low-cost and extremely efficient way to help improve health outcomes in a variety of settings. Mar agrees. “It’s very promising and scalable,” he says, “and possibly generalizable.” 12. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The effects of story-telling on children. B. The limitations of the earlier research. C. The methods used in earlier studies. D. The major breakthroughs achieved so far. 13. Which of the following is TRUE about the study conducted in Brazilian hospitals? A. It measured participants’ blood levels. B. It divided subjects into groups of 81. C. It measured the benefits of story-telling. D. It compared impact of two types of story-telling. 14. The underlined word “scalable” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A. accessible B. comparable C. adjustable D. readable 15. What’s the conclusion drawn from the study? A. Story telling has potential benefits for kids with cancers. B. Interacting with others improves sick kids’ mental sharpness. C. Riddle guessing is as effective as storytelling in helping sick kids. D. Listening to stories reduces pain and stress in hospitalized kids. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In today’s globalized world, cultural exchange opportunities are everywhere. One is becoming an au pair (互惠生), which allows young individuals to live with a host family in a foreign country, provide childcare and experience a new culture. ____16____ Unlike traditional childcare roles, au pairs are considered temporary members of the host family, participating in daily life and cultural activities. ____17____ It can challenge you to step outside your comfort zone, adapt to new environments, and develop valuable life skills. And you’ll have the chance to explore your host country during your free time. Best of all, being an au pair offers a cost-effective way to live abroad and experience a new culture without the financial burden of traditional travel expenses. The duration of an au pair stay is generally between six months and one year, though shorter or extended stays are possible depending on the host family’s preferences and local rules. Au pair duties typically include childcare, such as playing with children, helping with homework, preparing meals, and light housekeeping related to the children’s areas. ____18____ When destinations are considered, certain countries offer particularly rewarding experiences. The United States has diverse cultural landscapes and the vast geographic expanse (地域辽阔). ____19____ Germany, with its efficient public transportation system and emphasis on work-life balance, attracts many au pairs seeking professional and cultural growth. France is another popular destination, offering au pairs a taste of European culture. If you’re ready for this life-changing adventure, consider partnering with a reliable agency. ____20____ And you can confidently face the challenges and gain the rewards that wait for you as an au pair. A. Au pairs service the host family for free. B. An au pair lives with the host family on equal terms. C. Being an au pair provides numerous personal benefits. D. Its professional advice and support will fully prepare you. E. Each country and agency sets its own standards for au pairs. F. But specific responsibilities can vary among different families. G. It can offer au pairs a wide range of host family options and cultural experiences. Ⅱ. 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Kristina Smithe participated in the California International Marathon in 2019. When she grabbed cups of water to get refreshed, she started to think about how much waste such events produce. On the flight home, she did the ____21____ : 9,000 runners, 17 aid stations, and around 150,000 cups were used once and ____22____. “I was just shocked that, even in environmentally aware California, the event is not ____23____,” Smithe said. After some more research, she realized that billions of such single-use plastic cups are abandoned globally each year, a practice that adds significant ____24____ pressure. That ____25____ her idea for something more durable — a lightweight silicone cup that could be used ____26____. After working out a design, Smithe ____27____ her first shipment of such cups and then ____28____ them at a race. As she was getting her business ____29____, Smithe emailed more race directors to persuade them to use silicone cups. So far Smithe has taken her cups to 137 races and ____30____ 902,000 single-use ones from the landfill. “It’s just a solution to a problem that has been ____31____ for a long time,” Smithe said. Yet the ____32____ is that the cup rentals cost race directors a few more cents than other options. “While the solution can not fully ____33____ the issue, the practicability is there,” Smithe said. “I think in general, high ____34____ of such a solution is what helps bring costs down and really maximize environmental ____35____ that we could get.” 21. A. negotiation B. assumption C. calculation D. reservation 22. A. put up with B. got rid of C. handed out D. put away 23. A. acceptable B. predictable C. newfound D. sustainable 24. A. cultural B. academic C. environmental D. psychological 25. A. stimulated B. contradicted C. delayed D. borrowed 26. A. immediately B. repeatedly C. normally D. carefully 27. A. ordered B. replaced C. counted D. weighed 28. A. labeled B. sorted C. tested D. washed 29. A. off the ground B. on the shelf C. between the lines D. behind the scenes 30. A. burned B. spared C. collected D. distributed 31. A. explained B. expected C. handled D. ignored 32. A. difference B. disadvantage C. condition D. suggestion 33. A. avoid B. describe C. tackle D. prove 34. A. adoption B. precision C. position D. adaptation 35. A. concerns B. concepts C. policies D. benefits 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 A team of Chinese researchers has successfully created a new kind of medical adhesive (粘合剂) called Bone-02. The new glue is designed to repair broken bones quickly ____36____ the need for traditional metal plates or big surgery. Unlike ordinary glues, this substance can work in wet, salty, and ____37____ (constant) moving conditions, and it can be injected (注射) directly into the specific site to help speed up bone repair. It bonds broken bones together in 2-3 minutes, even in blood-rich areas ____38____ most adhesives fail. The new glue has impressive properties, including its ability ____39____ (tolerate) significant forces before failing. When ____40____ (test), the glue was found to have a bonding strength of over 400 pounds. It also showed an impressive ____41____ (resist) to sliding apart and crushing. Besides, the glue is biodegradable (生物可降解的), ____42____ (permit) its absorption by the body as the bone regenerates, so no second surgery ____43____ (require) to remove implants (植入物). Early tests suggest it’s ____44____ (effect) in lowering infection risks compared to metal hardware. This discovery is important as it could open the door for faster surgery in the future. If clinical trials continue to confirm these results, this could be ____45____ major breakthrough in treating broken bones, especially for complex clinical cases. Ⅲ. 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报“Campus Life”栏目正在征稿，请同学们就“食堂里独自用餐还是结伴就餐”这一话题开展讨论，发表看法。 请你结合自己的观察或经历，写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dine Alone or Together? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On the morning of her seventh birthday, Zahara awoke feeling excited. All she had dreamed of for months was a bicycle of her very own — a red one, swift as the wind. When she dashed downstairs and saw the large, ribbon-topped box waiting, her heart soared. Inside gleamed the most perfect bike she could imagine. “It’s magnificent!” she cried, giving it a test spin around the kitchen tiles. She named it “Comet” (彗星) on the spot. That very afternoon, the school carnival was buzzing with noise and music. Zahara rode Comet proudly alongside her best friends, Lily and Chloe. When Lily spotted a stand selling personalized bike license plates, the idea was irresistible. “We have to get matching ones!” she exclaimed. The three girls hurried over, their coins clutched tightly. Lily and Chloe found their names in an instant among the neat rows of letters. But Zahara scanned the display again and again. ADAM, AMY, ANNA... her eyes moved down the alphabet, past the ZACKs and ZOEs, but her name was nowhere to be seen. A small knot of disappointment tightened in her stomach. “Excuse me,” she asked the stand attendant, “are there any more plates in the back?” The man shook his head, barely looking up from his newspaper. “Please, could you check?” Zahara insisted, her voice hopeful. He sighed. “What’s the name?” “Zahara,” she said clearly. He frowned. “Come again? Spell it.” Z-A-H-A-R-A, she spelled out, each letter feeling heavier than the last. To her horror, a snicker (暗笑) came from behind her. Zac, a boy from the grade above, was watching. “Of course they don’t have it,” he called out. “It’s not even a real name! Za-HAIR-uh! Sounds like you’ve got fuzzy hair!” A few other kids nearby giggled. Zahara’s cheeks flamed, and the world seemed to shrink to the sound of that cruel version of her name. Tears filled her eyes as she fled, leaving the stand and the laughter behind. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The moment she got home, Zahara shouted, “I’m fed up with being called Zahara!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the handmade plate fixed firmly on her bike, Zahara set off for school early the next morning. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届高三诊断练习（一） 英语科 本试卷共9页，满分为120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 I. 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A Guide to an Online Learning Platform Online education has become an increasingly popular choice for high school students. To help you make better use of digital study tools, here is basic information about a broadly used online learning platform. Main Functions The platform combines a wide range of advanced learning tools, including pre-recorded video courses, live interactive lectures and automatic homework assessment. It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses, allowing users to download learning materials for offline use when network access is not available. Course Categories ● Basic Academic Courses: it covers fundamental subjects for senior high students, including Math, English and Chinese. ● Exam-oriented Courses: it provides abundant courses designed for exam revision and key point consolidation. ● Ability-improving Courses: it offers various skill-building programs to develop students’ comprehensive abilities. Service & Pricing The following chart shows different membership choices and the courses included. Membership Type Price Courses Included Monthly $39 Basic Academic Courses Quarterly $99 Any two types of the three courses Yearly $364 All three types of courses ● New users can enjoy a 7-day free trial of all courses. ● Online customer service is provided to solve technical problems quickly. User Tips To make online learning more effective, students are encouraged to set clear daily learning targets and avoid distractions during class. Meanwhile, reviewing key points in time is strongly suggested, as it helps deepen understanding and improves long-term memory. 1. What can the platform do for students? A. Assist them to record video courses. B. Help them make tailored learning plans. C. Teach them how to give interactive lectures. D. Remove their learning weaknesses for good. 2. What is the lowest cost of two-course types for 6 months? A. $182. B. $198. C. $234. D. $364. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare different online courses. B. To teach students how to study online. C. To show how to design online courses. D. To introduce an online learning platform. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个广泛使用的在线学习平台，包括其主要功能、课程类别、服务与价格以及用户使用建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Main Functions”部分中的“It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses (它还根据学生的学业表现和学习弱点制定个性化的学习计划)”可知，该平台可以为学生制定个性化的学习计划。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Service & Pricing”部分中的“Quarterly, $99, Any two types of the three courses (季度会员99美元，三种课程中任选两种)”以及“Yearly, $364 All three types of courses (年度会员364美元，所有三种课程)”可知，季度会员可以任选两种课程，费用为99美元，那么6个月 (两个季度)的费用就是99乘以2，即198美元，这是最低的费用；而年度会员虽然包含所有课程，但费用为364美元，高于198美元。因此，6个月选择两种课程类型的最低费用是198美元。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“A Guide to an Online Learning Platform (在线学习平台指南)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个在线学习平台的基本信息，包括其主要功能、课程类别、服务与价格以及用户使用建议，因此文章的主要目的是介绍这个在线学习平台。 B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了14岁的Philo Farnsworth在农场耕地时受到田垄的启发，有了图像传输的想法，后来他成功研发出电视显像管，经历诸多挑战后，最终看到阿波罗11号登月的实时画面，感慨一切付出都值得。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable (传输)TV image.(就在那时，他有了一个突然的领悟：就像犁在田地里来回耕作一样，图像可以通过电子扫描，然后逐行传输，就像田地里的田垄一样。这是对第一个可传输的电视图像的构想)”可知，田地里的田垄启发了图像传输的方法。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money.His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary.(12岁时，他就从零开始制造了一台电动机。13岁时，他开始为邻居修理收音机和电器来赚零花钱。他的老师们很快意识到，他们面对的是一个非凡的人。)”可知，Philo在工程方面的天赋让老师们感到惊讶。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents.(然而，在一次经济崩溃后，Philo花了数年时间维护自己的专利并重建自己的企业。像我们所有人一样，他也面临过种种挑战，或许更多。但他不断前进，注册了数百项专利)”可知，Philo的生活充满了挑战，但他始终坚持前行，最终取得了成功，可推理出这体现了他在逆境中来之不易的胜利。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility.(最终，1969年7月21日，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗从阿波罗11号飞船踏上月球表面，降落在一个名为宁静海的地方)”以及最后一段中“Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field.(Philo Farnsworth和妻子Pem坐在客厅里，观看现场直播——图像一行接一行地快速传输，就像田地里的田垄一样)”可知，文章最后提到Philo在自己的客厅里通过自己发明的图像传输技术，观看到了登月的实时画面，B项“Bring the Moon to Your Living Room(把月亮带进客厅)”形象地概括了这一情节，同时也体现了他发明的电视技术的重大意义，最适合作为文章标题。 C Eating a traditional Mediterranean-type diet-rich in foods such as seafood, fruit, and nuts- -may help reduce the risk of dementia (痴呆) by almost a quarter, a new study has revealed. Experts at Newcastle University found that individuals who ate a Mediterranean-like diet had up to 23% lower risk for dementia than those who did not. This research, published today in the journal BMC Medicine, is one of the biggest studies of its kind. Scientists analyzed data from 60,298 individuals from the UK Biobank, including individuals from across the UK, who had completed a dietary assessment. The authors scored individuals based on how closely their diet matched the key features of a Mediterranean one. The participants were allowed for almost a decade, during which time there were 882 cases of dementia. The authors considered each individual’s genetic risk for dementia by estimating what is known as their polygenic (多基因的) risk-a measure of all the different genes that are related to the risk of dementia. They found that there were similar associations between sticking to Mediterranean diet and dementia risk in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk for this condition, which may indicate that even for those with a higher genetic risk, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition. Dr Janice Ranson, joint lead author on the paper, said: “Dementia impacts the lives of millions of individuals throughout the world, and there are currently limited options for treating this condition. Our study shows a Mediterranean diet that has a high intake of healthy plant-based foods may be important for future strategies to reduce dementia risk. For example, the dementia prevention efforts could go beyond general healthy diet advice and focus on choosing specific foods and nutrients.” The authors caution that their analysis is limited to individuals who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, as genetic data was only available based on European countries, and that further research is needed in a range of populations to determine the potential benefit. 8. What did scientists do during the study? A. They scored the Mediterranean diet. B. They tracked the participants’ health. C. They collected data from 60298 families. D. They selected 882 potential dementia cases. 9. What can we infer about the Mediterranean diet from paragraph 4? A. Its effect is closely related to the polygenic risk. B. It increases one’s chance of developing dementia. C. It can reduce dementia risk regardless of one’s genetic risk. D. It can provide protection against various genetic diseases. 10. What are Dr Janice Ranson’s words mainly about? A. Values of the study. B. Features of the study. C. Elements of a healthy diet. D. Ways to deal with dementia. 11. What will further research most probably focus on? A. Finding out more benefits of the Mediterranean diet. B. Applying the findings to the treatment of dementia. C. Involving participants of diverse races and nationalities. D. Studying the rate of dementia within different age groups. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，吃地中海式饮食的人患有痴呆症的风险较低，同时也指出该研究存在的问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题题。根据第三段中的“The participants were followed for almost a decade, during which lime there were 882 cases of dementia. (参与者被跟踪了近十年，在此期间有882例痴呆病例。)”可知，研究者对参与者进行了接近十年的跟踪研究，在此期间，882人患上了dementia，由此可知，研究团队追踪了参与者的健康状况，故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They found that there were similar associations between sticking to Mediterranean diet and dementia risk in individuals with higher and lower genetic risk for this condition, which may indicate that even for those with a higher genetic risk, having a better diet could reduce the likelihood of developing the condition. (他们发现，在患这种疾病的遗传风险较高和较低的个体中，坚持地中海饮食与患痴呆症的风险之间存在类似的关联，这可能表明，即使对那些遗传风险较高的人来说，更好的饮食也可以降低患这种疾病的可能性。)”可知，在低基因风险人群和高基因风险人群中，地中海饮食和痴呆风险之间存在着相似的关联，即能降低痴呆风险，故可推知，地中海饮食可以减少痴呆风险的功能不受基因风险的影响，故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中Dr Janice Ranson所说的“Dementia impacts the lives of millions of individuals throughout the world, and there are currently limited options for treating this condition. Our study shows a Mediterranean diet that has a high intake of healthy plant-based foods may be important for future strategies to reduce dementia risk. (痴呆症影响着全世界数百万人的生活，目前治疗这种疾病的选择有限。我们的研究表明，地中海饮食中大量摄入健康的植物性食物可能对未来降低痴呆风险的策略很重要。)”可知，Dr Janice Ranson先强调了痴呆对人们的影响，指出目前治疗手段非常有限，然后说明了他们的研究对于预防痴呆的积极意义，由此可知，Dr Janice Ranson主要介绍的是研究的价值。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“The authors caution that their analysis is limited to individuals who self-reported their ethnic background as white, British or Irish, as genetic data was only available based on European countries, and that further research is needed in a range of populations to determine the potential benefit. (作者警告说，他们的分析仅限于自我报告其种族背景为白人、英国人或爱尔兰人的个人，因为遗传数据仅基于欧洲国家，并且需要在一系列人群中进行进一步的研究以确定潜在的益处。)”可知，该研究中的分析对象主要基于欧洲国家，由此可以推断，进一步的研究会集中在丰富样本数据方面，收集更多来自不同种族和国家的数据。故选C项。 D Parents, teachers and caregivers have long suspected the magic of storytelling to calm kids. Researchers have now quantified the biological and emotional benefits of a well-told tale. “We know that narrative has the power to transport us to another world,” says Guilherme Brockington from Brazil’s Federal University. “Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting.” So investigators working in several Brazilian hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged 4 to 11 into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers took spit samples from each child, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz. Children in both groups benefited measurably from the interactions; they showed lower levels of cortisol — the stress-related hormone — and higher levels of oxytocin, which is often described as a feel-good hormone. Yet kids in the storytelling group benefited significantly more: their cortisol levels were a quarter of those in the riddle group, and their oxytocin levels were nearly twice as high. Those who heard stories also reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words to describe their hospital stay. The study demonstrates that playing games or simply interacting with someone can relax kids and improve their outlook but that hearing stories has an especially dramatic effect. “The researchers really tried to control the social interaction component of the storyteller, which I think was the key,” says Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University who was not involved in the new research. Next, the investigators plan to study how long these effects last, along with storytelling’s potential benefits to kids with particular illnesses such as cancer. For now Brockington says the results indicate storytelling is a low-cost and extremely efficient way to help improve health outcomes in a variety of settings. Mar agrees. “It’s very promising and scalable,” he says, “and possibly generalizable.” 12. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The effects of story-telling on children. B. The limitations of the earlier research. C. The methods used in earlier studies. D. The major breakthroughs achieved so far. 13. Which of the following is TRUE about the study conducted in Brazilian hospitals? A. It measured participants’ blood levels. B. It divided subjects into groups of 81. C. It measured the benefits of story-telling. D. It compared impact of two types of story-telling. 14. The underlined word “scalable” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A. accessible B. comparable C. adjustable D. readable 15. What’s the conclusion drawn from the study? A. Story telling has potential benefits for kids with cancers. B. Interacting with others improves sick kids’ mental sharpness. C. Riddle guessing is as effective as storytelling in helping sick kids. D. Listening to stories reduces pain and stress in hospitalized kids. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍的是一项在巴西医院进行的研究，发现讲故事能够显著降低住院儿童的压力激素水平、提升愉悦感，并减轻疼痛，是一种低成本且高效的改善健康结果的方法。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Earlier research suggested that stories help children process and regulate their emotions — but this was mostly conducted in a laboratory, with subjects answering questions while lying inside functional MRI machines. There are few studies on biological and psychological effects of storytelling in a more commonplace hospital setting. (早期研究表明，故事有助于儿童处理和调节情绪——但这主要是在实验室进行的，受试者躺在功能性核磁共振机器内回答问题。很少有研究关注在更常见的医院环境中讲故事的生物和心理效应)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是早期研究的局限性。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“So investigators working in several Brazilian hospitals split a total of 81 patients aged 4 to 11 into two groups, matching them with storytellers who had a decade of hospital experience. In one group, the storyteller led each child in playing a riddle game. In the other, youngsters chose books and listened as the storyteller read them aloud. Before and after these sessions, the researchers took spit samples from each child, then asked them to report their pain levels and conducted a free-association word quiz. (因此，在几家巴西医院工作的研究人员将总共81名4至11岁的患者分成两组，为他们匹配了拥有十年医院经验的讲故事者。在一组中，讲故事者带领每个孩子玩猜谜游戏。在另一组中，孩子们选择书籍，听讲故事者大声朗读。在这些活动前后，研究人员从每个孩子身上采集唾液样本，然后让他们报告疼痛程度，并进行自由联想词汇测验)”以及第四段“Children in both groups benefited measurably from the interactions; they showed lower levels of cortisol — the stress-related hormone — and higher levels of oxytocin, which is often described as a feel-good hormone. (两组儿童都从互动中获得了可测量的益处；他们显示出较低水平的皮质醇——与压力相关的激素——以及较高水平的催产素，这种激素通常被描述为感觉良好的激素)”可知，该研究测量了讲故事的益处。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“For now Brockington says the results indicate storytelling is a low-cost and extremely efficient way to help improve health outcomes in a variety of settings. (目前，布罗金顿表示，研究结果表明讲故事是一种低成本且极其高效的方式，有助于在各种环境中改善健康结果)”以及““It’s very promising and scalable,” he says, “and possibly generalizable.” (“这非常有前景且scalable，”他说，“而且可能具有普适性。”)”可知，scalable意为“可使用、可推广的”，与accessible意思最接近。  【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Yet kids in the storytelling group benefited significantly more: their cortisol levels were a quarter of those in the riddle group, and their oxytocin levels were nearly twice as high. Those who heard stories also reported pain levels dropping almost twice as much as those in the riddle group, and they used more positive words to describe their hospital stay. (然而，讲故事组的儿童受益明显更多：他们的皮质醇水平是谜语组的四分之一，催产素水平几乎是谜语组的两倍。听故事的儿童报告的疼痛程度下降幅度几乎是谜语组的两倍，而且他们使用更多积极的词汇来描述住院经历)”以及第五段“The study demonstrates that playing games or simply interacting with someone can relax kids and improve their outlook but that hearing stories has an especially dramatic effect. (研究表明，玩游戏或简单地与人互动可以让孩子放松并改善他们的心态，但听故事具有特别显著的效果)”可知，研究得出的结论是听故事能够减轻住院儿童的疼痛和压力。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In today’s globalized world, cultural exchange opportunities are everywhere. One is becoming an au pair (互惠生), which allows young individuals to live with a host family in a foreign country, provide childcare and experience a new culture. ____16____ Unlike traditional childcare roles, au pairs are considered temporary members of the host family, participating in daily life and cultural activities. ____17____ It can challenge you to step outside your comfort zone, adapt to new environments, and develop valuable life skills. And you’ll have the chance to explore your host country during your free time. Best of all, being an au pair offers a cost-effective way to live abroad and experience a new culture without the financial burden of traditional travel expenses. The duration of an au pair stay is generally between six months and one year, though shorter or extended stays are possible depending on the host family’s preferences and local rules. Au pair duties typically include childcare, such as playing with children, helping with homework, preparing meals, and light housekeeping related to the children’s areas. ____18____ When destinations are considered, certain countries offer particularly rewarding experiences. The United States has diverse cultural landscapes and the vast geographic expanse (地域辽阔). ____19____ Germany, with its efficient public transportation system and emphasis on work-life balance, attracts many au pairs seeking professional and cultural growth. France is another popular destination, offering au pairs a taste of European culture. If you’re ready for this life-changing adventure, consider partnering with a reliable agency. ____20____ And you can confidently face the challenges and gain the rewards that wait for you as an au pair. A. Au pairs service the host family for free. B. An au pair lives with the host family on equal terms. C. Being an au pair provides numerous personal benefits. D. Its professional advice and support will fully prepare you. E. Each country and agency sets its own standards for au pairs. F. But specific responsibilities can vary among different families. G. It can offer au pairs a wide range of host family options and cultural experiences. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了互惠生的定义、意义以及互惠生的职责等内容。 【16题详解】 此空设于段中，下文是对该句的解释说明，下文用“au pairs are considered temporary members of the host family, participating in daily life and cultural activities.(互惠生被视为寄宿家庭的临时成员，参与日常生活和文化活动)”来解释B项“An au pair lives with the host family on equal terms.(互惠生以平等身份与寄宿家庭共同生活)”。 【17题详解】 此空设于段首，是本段的主旨句。根据下文“It can challenge you to step outside your comfort zone, adapt to new environments, and develop valuable life skills. And you’ll have the chance to explore your host country during your free time. Best of all, being an au pair offers a cost-effective way to live abroad and experience a new culture without the financial burden of traditional travel expenses.(它会促使你走出舒适区、适应新环境，并习得宝贵的生活技能。你还有机会在空闲时间探访寄宿所在的国家。最重要的是，做互惠生是一种高性价比的海外生活方式，你可以体验全新文化，而不用承担传统旅行带来的经济压力。)”可知，下文列举的走出舒适圈、适应新环境、培养生活技能、低成本体验文化等内容均为C项“Being an au pair provides numerous personal benefits.(成为一名互惠生能带来诸多个人益处)”的具体表现，构成总分关系。 【18题详解】 根据上文“The duration of an au pair stay is generally between six months and one year, though shorter or extended stays are possible depending on the host family’s preferences and local rules. Au pair duties typically include childcare, such as playing with children, helping with homework, preparing meals, and light housekeeping related to the children’s areas.(互惠生的停留时长通常在六个月到一年之间，不过根据寄宿家庭的意愿以及当地规定，也可以缩短或延长停留时间。互惠生的工作内容一般包括照看孩子，例如陪孩子玩耍、辅导作业、准备餐食，以及打扫孩子活动区域的少量家务。)”可知，此空设于段尾，承接上文话题，并与上文存在转折关系，上文描述互惠生的典型职责（如照顾儿童、辅导作业等），F项“But specific responsibilities can vary among different families.(但具体责任因家庭而异)”补充说明互惠生职责的灵活性。 【19题详解】 此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，上文“When destinations are considered, certain countries offer particularly rewarding experiences. The United States has diverse cultural landscapes and the vast geographic expanse ( 地域辽阔 ). (谈及目的地，有些国家能带来特别有意义的体验。美国拥有多元的人文风貌，地域辽阔。)”说美国具有多元的文化景观和广阔的地理环境，G项“It can offer au pairs a wide range of host family options and cultural experiences.(美国可以为互惠生提供丰富的寄宿家庭选择和文化体验)”中的It指代上文中的United States。 【20题详解】 此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。上文“If you’re ready for this life-changing adventure, consider partnering with a reliable agency.(如果你已经准备好迎接这场改变人生的历险，可以考虑与一家可靠的机构合作)”建议选择可靠的机构，D项“Its professional advice and support will fully prepare you.(其专业建议和支持将为你做好充分的准备)”说明机构的作用，并自然引出下文“自信面对挑战”。 Ⅱ. 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Kristina Smithe participated in the California International Marathon in 2019. When she grabbed cups of water to get refreshed, she started to think about how much waste such events produce. On the flight home, she did the ____21____ : 9,000 runners, 17 aid stations, and around 150,000 cups were used once and ____22____. “I was just shocked that, even in environmentally aware California, the event is not ____23____,” Smithe said. After some more research, she realized that billions of such single-use plastic cups are abandoned globally each year, a practice that adds significant ____24____ pressure. That ____25____ her idea for something more durable — a lightweight silicone cup that could be used ____26____. After working out a design, Smithe ____27____ her first shipment of such cups and then ____28____ them at a race. As she was getting her business ____29____, Smithe emailed more race directors to persuade them to use silicone cups. So far Smithe has taken her cups to 137 races and ____30____ 902,000 single-use ones from the landfill. “It’s just a solution to a problem that has been ____31____ for a long time,” Smithe said. Yet the ____32____ is that the cup rentals cost race directors a few more cents than other options. “While the solution can not fully ____33____ the issue, the practicability is there,” Smithe said. “I think in general, high ____34____ of such a solution is what helps bring costs down and really maximize environmental ____35____ that we could get.” 21. A. negotiation B. assumption C. calculation D. reservation 22. A. put up with B. got rid of C. handed out D. put away 23. A. acceptable B. predictable C. newfound D. sustainable 24. A. cultural B. academic C. environmental D. psychological 25. A. stimulated B. contradicted C. delayed D. borrowed 26. A. immediately B. repeatedly C. normally D. carefully 27. A. ordered B. replaced C. counted D. weighed 28. A. labeled B. sorted C. tested D. washed 29. A. off the ground B. on the shelf C. between the lines D. behind the scenes 30. A. burned B. spared C. collected D. distributed 31. A. explained B. expected C. handled D. ignored 32. A. difference B. disadvantage C. condition D. suggestion 33. A. avoid B. describe C. tackle D. prove 34. A. adoption B. precision C. position D. adaptation 35. A. concerns B. concepts C. policies D. benefits 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了参加2019年加州国际马拉松赛的Kristina Smithe目睹了比赛过程中约15万个杯子被一次性使用并丢弃之后致力于让马拉松赛事变得可持续的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：在回家的航班上，她做了计算：9000名跑步者、17个补给站和约15万个杯子被一次性使用并丢弃。A. negotiation协商；B. assumption假设；C. calculation计算；D. reservation保留。根据空后“9,000 runners, 17 aid stations, and around 150,000 cups”可知这几组数字说明Kristina Smithe是在做计算。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。A. put up with忍受；B. got rid of摆脱、去除、丢弃；C. handed out分发；D. put away收好。根据空前的“around 150,000 cups were used once”可知，这些杯子被一次性使用并丢弃。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Smithe说：“我感到震惊的是，即使在注重环保的加利福尼亚州，这场赛事也是不可持续的。”A. acceptable可接受的；B. predictable可预测的；C. newfound新发现的、新得到的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据空前的“even in environmentally aware California”可知，即使在注重环保的加州，这场赛事也是不可持续的，因为在比赛过程中有如此多的杯子在一次性使用后被丢弃。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：经过更多的研究，她意识到全球每年有数十亿个这种一次性塑料杯被丢弃，这种做法增加了巨大的环境压力。A. cultural文化的；B. academic学术的；C. environmental环境的；D. psychological心理的。根据空前的“billions of such single-use plastic cups are abandoned globally each year”可知，数量如此之巨的一次性塑料杯被丢弃是一种环境压力。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：这激发了她对更耐用的东西的想法——一种可以重复使用的轻质硅胶杯。A. stimulated刺激；B. contradicted反驳；C. delayed推迟；D. borrowed借入。根据上文的讲述可知，参加2019年加州国际马拉松赛的Kristina Smithe目睹了比赛过程中约15万个杯子被一次性使用并丢弃之后致力于让马拉松赛事变得可持续，意识到全球每年有数十亿个这种一次性塑料杯被丢弃这一事实激发了她对更耐用的东西的想法。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。A. immediately立即；B. repeatedly重复地、再三地；C. normally正常地；D. carefully小心地。根据第二段“After some more research, she realized that billions of such single-use plastic cups are abandoned globally each year”可知此处用repeatedly与上文中的single-use形成对比。  【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：在完成设计后，Smithe订购了第一批这样的杯子，然后在比赛中进行了测试。A. ordered订购；B. replaced代替；C. counted数数；D. weighed权衡。根据空后“her first shipment of such cups”以及下文讲的“在比赛中进行测试”的情节可知，在完成设计后，Smithe订购了第一批这样的杯子。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. labeled贴标签；B. sorted分类；C. tested测试；D. washed洗。根据上文“After working out a design, Smithe ____ her first shipment of such cups”可知，此处用“测试”符合“设计——订购——测试”的逻辑顺序。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：当她的事业开始起步时，Smithe给更多的赛事总监发了电子邮件，说服他们使用硅胶杯。A. off the ground取得进展、顺利进行；B. on the shelf被搁置；C. between the lines字里行间；D. behind the scenes幕后。根据空后的“Smithe emailed more race directors to persuade them to use silicone cups.”可知，Smithe的环保事业开始起步。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：到目前为止，Smithe已经将她的杯子带到了137场比赛中，避免了90.2万个一次性杯子被送入垃圾填埋场。A. burned烧坏；B. spared腾出、抽出；C. collected收集；D. distributed分配。根据空后的“902,000 single-use ones from the landfill.”可知，由于赛事使用Smithe设计的环保硅胶杯，避免了90.2万个一次性杯子被送入垃圾填埋场，spare sth from sth使某物免遭……。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：Smithe说：“这只是一个长期被忽视的问题的解决方案。”A. explained解释；B. expected期待；C. handled处理；D. ignored忽视。根据第一段讲的“在2019年加州国际马拉松赛中约15万个杯子被一次性使用并丢弃”以及常识可知，在马拉松赛事中的一次性塑料杯污染是一个长期被忽视的问题。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，缺点是，与其他选择相比，租用杯子会让赛事总监多花几美分。A. difference差异；B. disadvantage劣势、缺点；C. condition条件；D. suggestion建议。根据空后的“the cup rentals cost race directors a few more cents than other options.”可知，这是相较于其他选择的一个缺点。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：史密斯说：“虽然这个解决方案不能完全解决这个问题，但实用性是存在的。”A. avoid避免；B. describe描述；C. tackle解决、应对；D. prove证明。根据空后的“ the practicability is there”以及表示让步转折的While可知，此处是说“虽然这个解决方案不能完全解决这个问题”。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我认为，总的来说，这种解决方案的广泛采用有助于降低成本，真正最大限度地提高我们可以获得的环境效益。”A. adoption采用；B. precision精确；C. position位置；D. adaptation适应。根据空后的“helps bring costs down ”可知，这种解决方案的广泛采用有助于降低成本。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：A. concerns关心的事、关注点、担心；B. concepts概念；C. policies政策；D. benefits益处。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Kristina Smithe目睹了比赛过程中约15万个杯子被一次性使用并丢弃之后致力于让马拉松赛事变得可持续的故事，因此此处指“环境效益”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 A team of Chinese researchers has successfully created a new kind of medical adhesive (粘合剂) called Bone-02. The new glue is designed to repair broken bones quickly ____36____ the need for traditional metal plates or big surgery. Unlike ordinary glues, this substance can work in wet, salty, and ____37____ (constant) moving conditions, and it can be injected (注射) directly into the specific site to help speed up bone repair. It bonds broken bones together in 2-3 minutes, even in blood-rich areas ____38____ most adhesives fail. The new glue has impressive properties, including its ability ____39____ (tolerate) significant forces before failing. When ____40____ (test), the glue was found to have a bonding strength of over 400 pounds. It also showed an impressive ____41____ (resist) to sliding apart and crushing. Besides, the glue is biodegradable (生物可降解的), ____42____ (permit) its absorption by the body as the bone regenerates, so no second surgery ____43____ (require) to remove implants (植入物). Early tests suggest it’s ____44____ (effect) in lowering infection risks compared to metal hardware. This discovery is important as it could open the door for faster surgery in the future. If clinical trials continue to confirm these results, this could be ____45____ major breakthrough in treating broken bones, especially for complex clinical cases. 【答案】36. without 37. constantly 38. where 39. to tolerate 40. tested 41. resistance 42. permitting 43. is required 44. effective 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国研究团队成功研发出一种名为Bone-02的新型医用粘合剂。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这种新型胶水旨在快速修复骨折，无需使用传统金属板或大型手术。根据语境可知，此处表示“没有……的需要”，所以用介词without。故填without。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：与普通胶水不同，这种物质可以在潮湿、含盐以及持续运动的条件下发挥作用，并且它可以直接注射到特定部位，帮助加速骨骼修复。此处修饰形容词moving，应用副词形式作状语，constant的副词为constantly，意为“持续地”。故填constantly。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它能在2-3分钟内将骨折部位粘合在一起，即使是在大多数粘合剂失效的血液丰富的区域。此处为定语从句，先行词是areas，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种新型胶水具有令人印象深刻的特性，包括在失效前承受巨大力量的能力。ability to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的能力”，所以用动词不定式to tolerate作后置定语修饰ability。故填to tolerate。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在测试时，发现这种胶水的粘合强度超过400磅。句中已有谓语动词was found，此处应用非谓语动词，glue与test之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词tested作状语。故填tested。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：它还表现出令人印象深刻的抗滑动和抗压能力。根据空前的不定冠词an和形容词impressive可知，此处应用名词形式，resist的名词为resistance，意为“抵抗；阻力”。故填resistance。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，这种胶水是可生物降解的，随着骨骼的再生，它可以被身体吸收，所以不需要进行二次手术来取出植入物。此处为非谓语动词作状语，the glue与permit之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词permitting作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填permitting。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，这种胶水是可生物降解的，随着骨骼的再生，它可以被身体吸收，所以不需要进行二次手术来取出植入物。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语no second surgery与require之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用is required。故填is required。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：早期测试表明，与金属器械相比，它在降低感染风险方面是有效的。根据空前的系动词is可知，此处应用形容词作表语，effect的形容词为effective，意为“有效的”。故填effective。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如果临床试验继续证实这些结果，这可能是治疗骨折方面的一个重大突破，尤其是对于复杂的临床病例。此处表示泛指“一个重大突破”，major是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 Ⅲ. 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报“Campus Life”栏目正在征稿，请同学们就“食堂里独自用餐还是结伴就餐”这一话题开展讨论，发表看法。 请你结合自己的观察或经历，写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。 注意： （1）写作词数应为100个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dine Alone or Together? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Dine Alone or Together? When the lunch bell rings, our cafeteria fills with two types of students: those who cluster around tables laughing, and those who slip into quiet corners alone. I choose to dine with others. My preference stems from personal experience. Last term, I ate alone for weeks, thinking it saved time. Yet I felt increasingly isolated. One day, a classmate waved me over. That twenty-minute chat about homework and weekend plans lifted my mood entirely. I returned to class more energized than ever. While solitude has its place, dining together is our daily chance to connect and truly enjoy the companionship. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生就“食堂里独自用餐还是结伴就餐”这一话题写一篇短文向校英文报栏目投稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 挤满：fill with → be jammed with 振奋：lift → inspirit 完全：entirely → completely 独处：solitude → privacy/seclusion 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：That twenty-minute chat about homework and weekend plans lifted my mood entirely. I returned to class more energized than ever. 拓展句：Since that twenty-minute chat about homework and weekend plans lifted my mood entirely, I returned to class more energized than ever. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When the lunch bell rings, our cafeteria fills with two types of students: those who cluster around tables laughing, and those who slip into quiet corners alone.（运用了When引导时间状语从句、who引导定语从句） 【高分句型2】Last term, I ate alone for weeks, thinking it saved time.（运用了现在分词作状语、省略that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On the morning of her seventh birthday, Zahara awoke feeling excited. All she had dreamed of for months was a bicycle of her very own — a red one, swift as the wind. When she dashed downstairs and saw the large, ribbon-topped box waiting, her heart soared. Inside gleamed the most perfect bike she could imagine. “It’s magnificent!” she cried, giving it a test spin around the kitchen tiles. She named it “Comet” (彗星) on the spot. That very afternoon, the school carnival was buzzing with noise and music. Zahara rode Comet proudly alongside her best friends, Lily and Chloe. When Lily spotted a stand selling personalized bike license plates, the idea was irresistible. “We have to get matching ones!” she exclaimed. The three girls hurried over, their coins clutched tightly. Lily and Chloe found their names in an instant among the neat rows of letters. But Zahara scanned the display again and again. ADAM, AMY, ANNA... her eyes moved down the alphabet, past the ZACKs and ZOEs, but her name was nowhere to be seen. A small knot of disappointment tightened in her stomach. “Excuse me,” she asked the stand attendant, “are there any more plates in the back?” The man shook his head, barely looking up from his newspaper. “Please, could you check?” Zahara insisted, her voice hopeful. He sighed. “What’s the name?” “Zahara,” she said clearly. He frowned. “Come again? Spell it.” Z-A-H-A-R-A, she spelled out, each letter feeling heavier than the last. To her horror, a snicker (暗笑) came from behind her. Zac, a boy from the grade above, was watching. “Of course they don’t have it,” he called out. “It’s not even a real name! Za-HAIR-uh! Sounds like you’ve got fuzzy hair!” A few other kids nearby giggled. Zahara’s cheeks flamed, and the world seemed to shrink to the sound of that cruel version of her name. Tears filled her eyes as she fled, leaving the stand and the laughter behind. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The moment she got home, Zahara shouted, “I’m fed up with being called Zahara!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the handmade plate fixed firmly on her bike, Zahara set off for school early the next morning. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文1 The moment she got home, Zahara shouted, “I’m fed up with being called Zahara!” Mom was surprised and asked what was wrong. Frustrated, Zahara recounted the whole story. Hearing it out, mom explained, softly, “Sweetie! Your name means a shining flower! It was the name of a brave Queen in your father’s hometown!” Stunned, Zahara fell in deep thought. Soon a new determination sparked within her. “I’m going to let everyone know Zahara is a beautiful name!” she declared. Then she thought of the plate. An idea struck her. She spent the evening carefully crafting one, on which each letter of her name was in the form of a flower. With the handmade plate fixed firmly on her bike, Zahara set off for school early the next morning. As she arrived, the unique, glittering plate immediately caught her classmates’ attention. Her best friends, Lily and Chloe, exclaimed, “That’s amazing! It’s even better than the bought ones!” Zac, who didn’t see the plate at first, came over and shouted, “Hey, Za-HAIR-uh!” “It’s Zahara!” Meeting his gaze squarely, she pointed to the plate. “See? It means ‘flower that shines’.” Before he could reply, she hopped on Comet and rode away, leaving the mean jokes far behind. As she pedaled, she felt a deep sense of pride, knowing that her name was a blessing, not a burden. 参考范文2 The moment she got home, Zahara shouted, “I’m fed up with being called Zahara!” Tears welled up in her eyes, and her small hands clenched tightly, as if she could squeeze out all the sadness from her heart. Her mom sat beside her, wrapping her in a warm hug — soft, gentle, like a ray of sunshine embracing her. “Your name is not strange at all,” Mom whispered, stroking her hair gently. “It’s like a little flower that blooms quietly, bright and unique, just like you. It’s a precious gift only for you.” Hearing this, Zahara’s sobs softened. She slowly calmed down, no longer hating her name, and made up her mind to make a special plate to show everyone its beauty. With the handmade plate fixed firmly on her bike, Zahara set off for school early the next morning. She had carefully cut the plate, painted her name neatly on it, and added a little glitter to make it shine — just like the little star in the sky. She held her head high as she rode her bike, her eyes bright with confidence, no longer the shy girl who was afraid of being laughed at. When she saw Zac, she didn’t hide or run away; instead, she smiled and showed him her hand-made plate. She finally understood that being different is not a mistake, but a special mark that makes her unique, and she felt proud of her name, proud of who she was. 【解析】 【导语】本文以Zahara的名字为线索展开，讲述了Zahara因名字被同学嘲笑而委屈回家，经妈妈解释名字寓意（“闪亮的花”）后，亲手制作花形字母牌照，到校自信回击嘲笑、为自己名字感到自豪的成长故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写Zahara回到家委屈地向妈妈哭诉被同学嘲笑名字的经过，妈妈听完后温柔地解释她名字的含义（“闪亮的花”，父亲故乡一位勇敢女王的名字），Zahara从震惊到陷入沉思，随即燃起决心，连夜亲手制作了一枚每个字母都以花朵形式呈现的个性化牌照。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写Zahara把自制的闪亮牌照固定在车座上早早到校，牌照立刻吸引了同学注意并获得Lily和Chloe的赞叹；面对Zac再次怪腔怪调地嘲笑，她正视对方、指着牌照自信地解释名字含义，随即蹬车离去，把嘲笑远远抛在身后，内心为自己的名字感到深深自豪。 2.续写线索：委屈跑回家倾诉→妈妈解释名字寓意→燃起决心制作牌照→连夜精心制作花形字母牌照→到校展示获同学赞叹→自信回击Zac并自豪前行 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explain/clarify ②宣告：declare/proclaim ③看到：see/spot 情绪类 ①吃惊的：surprised/astonished ②沮丧的：frustrated/dejected 【点睛】【高分句型1】She spent the evening carefully crafting one, on which each letter of her name was in the form of a flower.(运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Before he could reply, she hopped on Comet and rode away, leaving the mean jokes far behind.(运用了before引导的时间状语从句和现在分词短语作结果状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $