Unit 6 Beyond Earth 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

2026-10-10
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Unit 6 Beyond Earth 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点,便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词、短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词、短语的用法,加深对单词、短语的记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 weightless/ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的;无重量的 movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 活动;运动 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着(的) fall asleep入睡 tie /taɪ/v. 系上;束紧 n. 领带 crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的;不理智的 human being 人;人类 require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/v. 要求;需要 cancel /ˈkænsl/v. 取消;终止 publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/v. 刊登;出版 rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ n. 火箭 god /ɡɒd/ n. 神 in case 以防万一 board /bɔːd/ n. 板;牌子 on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/v. 合作;协作 cooperate with 与……合作 set foot on 踏上;进入(某地) survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n. 测绘;民意调查 crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人(太)多的;拥挤的 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/v. 操作;运行 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep. 在……较远的一边 adv. 在(或向)更远处 mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务;使命 telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 rover /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器;漫游者 manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的;需人操作的 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. & n. 发射;发起 geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 地质;地质学 satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 人造卫星;卫星 exoplanet /ˈeksəʊˌplænɪt/ n. 系外行星 solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj. 太阳的;太阳能的 mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ adj. 神秘的;奇怪的 spacecraft /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ n. (pl. spacecraft)宇宙飞船 billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 trillion /ˈtrɪljən/ num. 万亿;兆 galaxy /ˈɡæləksi/ n. 星系 imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 想象;想象力 expectation/ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ n.期望;希望 craft /kraːft/ n.技艺;工艺 (pl. craft) 飞行器;船 spaceship /ˈspeɪsʃɪp/ n.(航天)飞船 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、weightless 词义:weightless作形容词,意为“失重的;无重量的”。 Astronauts feel weightless in space.(宇航员在太空中感觉失重。) 固定搭配:weightless environment(失重环境) The weightless environment affects astronauts' bodies.(失重环境影响宇航员的身体。) feel weightless(感觉失重) You feel weightless when you jump on a trampoline.(在蹦床上跳时你会感觉失重。) weightless condition(失重状态) Plants grow differently in weightless conditions.(植物在失重状态下生长方式不同。) 词形变化:weight n. 重量 weigh v. 称重 weightlessly adv. 失重地 2、movement 词义:movement作名词,意为“移动;动作;活动”。 She made a sudden movement.(她突然动了一下。) The environmental movement is growing.(环保运动正在发展。) The movement of the clouds is slow.(云朵的移动很慢。) 固定搭配:body movement(身体动作) Dancers use body movement to express feelings.(舞者用身体动作表达情感。) 词形变化:move v. 移动 moving adj. 感人的 moved adj. 感动的。 3、asleep 词义:asleep作形容词,意为“睡着的”,常作表语。 He was asleep during the movie.(他看电影时睡着了。) 固定搭配:be asleep(睡着) She is asleep in her room.(她在房间里睡着了。) fall asleep(入睡;睡着) I fell asleep as soon as I lay down.(我一躺下就睡着了。) fast/sound asleep(熟睡) The children are fast asleep.(孩子们睡得很熟。) 词形变化:sleep v./n. 睡觉 sleepy adj. 困倦的 sleeping adj. 睡着的(作定语)。 易错点:asleep不能作定语,不说an asleep boy,应说a sleeping boy。 fall asleep强调“入睡”的动作,be asleep强调“睡着”的状态。 4、tie 词义:tie作动词,意为“系;捆绑;打结”。 Tie your shoes.(系好你的鞋带。) He tied the dog to the tree.(他把狗拴在树上。) tie作可数名词,意为“领带”。 He wore a red tie.(他戴了一条红领带。) 固定搭配:tie ... to ...(把……系到……) She tied the boat to the dock.(她把船拴在码头上。) tie up(捆绑;包扎) He tied up the package.(他把包裹捆好了。) tie a knot(打结) Please tie a knot in the rope.(请在绳子上打个结。) 易错点: tie的ing形式是tying,不是tieing。tie作名词时复数为ties。 5、crazy 词义:crazy作形容词,意为“疯狂的;不理智的”。 That's a crazy idea.(那是个疯狂的想法。) crazy作形容词,意为“着迷的;狂热的”。 He is crazy about football.(他对足球着迷。) crazy作形容词,意为“生气的”。 My mom will be crazy if I come home late.(如果我晚回家妈妈会生气。) 固定搭配: be crazy about(对……着迷) She is crazy about pop music.(她对流行音乐着迷。) go crazy(发疯;疯狂) The fans went crazy when the star appeared.(明星出现时粉丝们疯狂了。) drive sb. crazy(把某人逼疯) The noise is driving me crazy.(噪音快把我逼疯了。) 词形变化:crazily adv. 疯狂地 易混淆词: crazy与mad:crazy更口语;mad在英式英语中多指“疯的”,在美式英语中常指“生气的”。 易错点: be crazy about后接名词或动名词。 6、human being 词义:human being作可数名词,意为“人类;人”。 Human beings need water and air.(人类需要水和空气。) 固定搭配:a human being(一个人) A human being can think and speak.(人能够思考和说话。) human beings(人类) Human beings have changed the world.(人类改变了世界。) 易混淆词:human being与human human可作形容词“人类的”,也可作名词“人”;human being更强调作为生物的人。 7、require 词义:require作动词,意为“需要”。 The problem requires careful thought.(这个问题需要仔细思考。) require作动词,意为“要求”。 Students are required to wear uniforms.(学生被要求穿校服。) 固定搭配:require sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事) The teacher required us to hand in homework on time.(老师要求我们按时交作业。) require doing sth.(需要做某事,主动表被动) The room requires cleaning.(房间需要打扫。) require that ...(要求……) The rules require that everyone should be on time.(规则要求每个人都应准时。) be required to do(被要求做) We are required to keep quiet in the library.(我们被要求在图书馆保持安静。) 词形变化:requirement n. 要求;必需的物品。 易错点: require不接双宾语,不能说require sb. sth.。require that从句常用should加动词原形,should可以省略。 8、cancel 词义:cancel作动词,意为“取消;撤销”。 I need to cancel my appointment.(我需要取消预约。) 固定搭配:cancel a meeting(取消会议) They cancelled the meeting.(他们取消了会议。) cancel an order(取消订单) I want to cancel my order.(我想取消订单。) 词形变化: cancel的过去式和过去分词英式拼写为cancelled,美式拼写为canceled;现在分词英式为cancelling,美式为canceling。 9、publish 词义:publish作动词,意为“出版;发表”。 She published an article in the newspaper.(她在报纸上发表了一篇文章。) publish作动词,意为“公布;发布”。 The school published the exam results.(学校公布了考试成绩。) 固定搭配:publish a book(出版书) He published a book about science.(他出版了一本关于科学的书。) publish an article(发表文章) The writer published an article online.(这位作家在网上发表了一篇文章。) publish the news(公布消息) The government published the news.(政府公布了这条消息。) 词形变化:publisher n. 出版商 publication n. 出版;出版物。 10、rocket 词义:rocket作可数名词,意为“火箭”。 The rocket flew into space.(火箭飞入太空。) 11、god 词义:god作可数名词,意为“神”。 People in ancient times worshipped many gods.(古代人崇拜许多神。) 词形变化:goddess n. 女神 god的复数为gods。 12、in case 词义:in case意为“以防;万一”。 Take an umbrella in case it rains.(带把伞以防下雨。) In case I'm late, start without me.(万一我迟到,不用等我开始。) in case意为“如果;假使”。 In case you need help, call me.(如果你需要帮助,打电话给我。) 固定搭配:in case of(万一发生……) In case of fire, call 119.(万一发生火灾,打119。) in any case(无论如何) In any case, you must finish it.(无论如何,你必须完成。) in that case(那样的话) In that case, I will go with you.(那样的话,我和你一起去。) just in case(以防万一) Take some money just in case.(带点钱以防万一。) 13、board 词义:board作可数名词,意为“板;木板”。 Please look at the blackboard.(请看黑板。) board作动词,意为“上(船、飞机、火车等)”。 Passengers should board the plane now.(乘客现在应登机。) 固定搭配:on board(在船/飞机/车上) There are many passengers on board.(飞机上有很多乘客。) board a plane(登机) We will board the plane in ten minutes.(我们十分钟后登机。) 14、cooperate 词义:cooperate作动词,意为“合作;协作”。 The two schools cooperated on the project.(两所学校在这个项目上合作。) 固定搭配:cooperate with sb.(与某人合作) I cooperated with my classmates.(我和同学们合作。) cooperate in doing sth.(合作做某事) They cooperated in finishing the task.(他们合作完成了任务。) cooperate on sth.(在……上合作) The two companies cooperated on the new product.(两家公司在新产品上合作。) 词形变化:cooperation n. 合作 15、set foot on 词义:set foot on意为“踏上;进入;访问;参观(某地)”。 The astronauts set foot on the moon.(宇航员踏上月球。) I have never set foot on that island.(我从未踏上那个岛。) 16、survey 词义:survey作可数名词,也可作动词,意为“调查;测绘”。 We did a survey about students' hobbies.(我们做了一项关于学生爱好的调查。) They surveyed the area for the new road.(他们为修新路测量了这片区域。) 固定搭配:do a survey(做调查) We did a survey on reading habits.(我们做了一项关于阅读习惯的调查。) a survey of/on(关于……的调查) This is a survey of student life.(这是一项关于学生生活的调查。) 17、crowded 词义:crowded作形容词,意为“拥挤的”。 The shopping mall is crowded on weekends.(购物中心周末很拥挤。) 固定搭配:be crowded with(挤满……) The street is crowded with people.(街上挤满了人。) crowded place(拥挤的地方) I don't like crowded places.(我不喜欢拥挤的地方。) 词形变化:crowd n. 人群;v. 拥挤 crowded adj. 拥挤的。 18、operate 词义:operate作动词,意为“操作;运转”。 He knows how to operate the machine.(他会操作这台机器。) The machine operates well.(这台机器运转良好。) operate作动词,意为“做手术”。 The doctor operated on the patient.(医生给病人做手术。) operate作动词,意为“经营;管理”。 The company operates in many countries.(这家公司在许多国家经营。) 固定搭配: operate on sb.(给某人做手术) The doctors operated on him for two hours.(医生给他做了两个小时手术。) operate a machine(操作机器) Can you operate this machine?(你会操作这台机器吗?) operate a company(经营公司) She operates a small company.(她经营一家小公司。) 词形变化:operation n. 手术;操作 operator n. 操作员。 易错点: operate on sb.表示“给某人做手术”,on不可省略。operate作“做手术”时不及物。 单元单词、短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.The baby is a________ in bed. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意:婴儿在床上睡着了。根据首字母a和“in bed”可知,此处用形容词asleep,意为“睡着的”。be asleep意为“睡着”,作表语。故填asleep。 2.He t________ the dog to the tree yesterday. 【答案】tied 【详解】句意:他昨天把狗拴在树上。根据首字母t和“yesterday”可知,句子用一般过去时。tie的过去式为tied,意为“系上;拴”。故填tied。 3.He is c________ about football. 【答案】crazy 【详解】句意:他对足球很狂热。根据首字母c和“about football”可知,此处用形容词crazy,构成be crazy about,意为“对……狂热”。be后接形容词作表语。故填crazy。 4.We had to c________ the picnic because of the rain. 【答案】cancel 【详解】句意:因为下雨我们不得不取消野餐。根据首字母c和“the picnic”可知,此处用动词cancel,意为“取消”。had to后接动词原形。故填cancel。 5.The writer will p________ his new book next month. 【答案】publish 【详解】句意:这位作家下个月将出版他的新书。根据首字母p和“his new book”可知,此处指出版。will后接动词原形,publish意为“出版”。故填publish。 6.In old stories, people believed in many g________. 【答案】gods 【详解】句意:在古老的故事中,人们信仰许多神。根据首字母g和“many”可知,此处指神。god是可数名词,many后接复数形式,故填gods。 7.We should c________ with each other to finish the task. 【答案】cooperate 【详解】句意:我们应该互相合作来完成任务。根据首字母c和“with each other”可知,此处用固定搭配cooperate with sb.,意为“与某人合作”。should后接动词原形,故填cooperate。 8.We did a s________ about students' hobbies. 【答案】survey 【详解】句意:我们做了一项关于学生爱好的调查。根据首字母s和“did a”可知,此处指调查。固定搭配do a survey意为“做调查”,a后接单数名词。故填survey。 9.The problem is ________(超出) my ability. 【答案】beyond 【详解】句意:这个问题超出了我的能力。汉语“超出”对应介词beyond,固定搭配beyond one's ability表示“超出某人的能力”。此处beyond my ability构成介词短语,在句中作表语,介词没有词形变化,用原形。故填beyond。 10.They will ________(发射) a new satellite next month. 【答案】launch 【详解】句意:他们下个月将发射一颗新卫星。汉语“发射”对应动词launch,will后接动词原形。launch a satellite表示“发射卫星”。故填launch。 11.In a ________(失重的) environment, people can float. 【答案】weightless 【详解】句意:在失重环境中,人们可以漂浮。汉语“失重的”对应形容词weightless,修饰名词environment作定语。a后接形容词加单数名词,形容词用原形。故填weightless。 12.He watched the ________(活动) of the animals at night. 【答案】movement 【详解】句意:他观察了动物在夜间的活动。汉语“活动”对应名词movement,the movement of...表示“……的活动”。此处作watched的宾语,用单数形式。故填movement。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 13.A ________ (man) spaceship can carry people into space. 【答案】manned 【详解】句意:载人宇宙飞船能载人进入太空。man是名词“男人;人类”;空格在名词spaceship前,需要形容词修饰,表示“载人的”;man双写n加-ed构成形容词manned。故填manned。 14.Astronauts are ________ (weight) in space. 【答案】weightless 【详解】句意:宇航员在太空中处于失重状态。weight是名词“重量”;are后接形容词作表语,表示“失重的”;weight加后缀-less构成weightless。故填weightless。 15.The baby fell ________ (sleep) in his mother's arms. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意:婴儿在妈妈怀里睡着了。sleep是动词或名词“睡觉”;fall asleep是固定搭配,意为“入睡”,空格处需要形容词asleep。故填asleep。 16.He drove ________ (crazy) through the busy streets. 【答案】crazily 【详解】句意:他疯狂地驾车穿过繁忙的街道。crazy是形容词“疯狂的”;空格修饰动词drove,需要副词;crazy的副词形式是crazily,意为“疯狂地”。故填crazily。 17.The school has many ________ (require) for new students. 【答案】requirements 【详解】句意:学校对新生有许多要求。require是动词“要求”;many后接可数名词复数,表示“要求”;require的名词形式是requirement,复数为requirements。故填requirements。 18.The ________ (cooperate) between the two countries is very important. 【答案】cooperation 【详解】句意:两国之间的合作非常重要。括号给的cooperate是动词“合作”;The后接名词作主语,between the two countries是后置定语;cooperate的名词形式是cooperation。故填cooperation。 19.You can ________ (imagination) a world without cars. 【答案】imagine 【详解】句意:你可以想象一个没有汽车的世界。括号给的imagination是名词“想象”;情态动词can后接动词原形,作谓语;imagination的动词形式是imagine。故填imagine。 20.His ________ (expect) was to become a doctor. 【答案】expectation 【详解】句意:他的期望是成为一名医生。括号给的expect是动词“期望”;His后接名词作主语,表示“期望”;expect的名词形式是expectation。故填expectation。 三、单项选择 21.The beautiful scenery is ________ description. A.beyond B.behind C.below D.beside 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这美丽的景色美得无法描述。beyond超出;behind在……后面;below在……下面;beside在……旁边。根据“beautiful scenery”和“description”可知景色美到超出描述范围,用beyond description。其他选项表示方位,不合语境。故选A。 22.The first ________ flight to the moon was a great success. A.manned B.short C.daily D.safe 【答案】A 【详解】句意:第一次载人登月飞行取得了巨大成功。manned载人的;short短的;daily每日的;safe安全的。根据“flight to the moon”和“great success”可知此处指载人飞行,其他选项不能说明有人乘坐。故选A。 23.The ________ environment in the spaceship is different from that on Earth. A.weightless B.noisy C.bright D.warm 【答案】A 【详解】句意:宇宙飞船中的失重环境与地球上的不同。weightless失重的;noisy吵闹的;bright明亮的;warm温暖的。根据“in the spaceship”和“different from that on Earth”可知太空飞船中典型环境是失重,其他不是主要区别。故选A。 24.The teacher asked us to make a ________ with our arms. A.movement B.mistake C.decision D.promise 【答案】A 【详解】句意:老师让我们用手臂做一个动作。movement动作;mistake错误;decision决定;promise承诺。根据“with our arms”可知是做一个手臂动作,不是犯错误、做决定或承诺。故选A。 25.The baby is ________. Please don't wake him up. A.asleep B.awake C.alone D.afraid 【答案】A 【详解】句意:婴儿睡着了。请不要吵醒他。asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alone独自的;afraid害怕的。根据“don't wake him up”可知婴儿已经睡着,不是醒着、独自或害怕。故选A。 26.My brother is ________ about football. He watches every match. A.crazy B.sorry C.afraid D.tired 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我哥哥对足球很痴迷。他看每一场比赛。crazy痴迷的;sorry抱歉的;afraid害怕的;tired疲倦的。be crazy about表示对……痴迷,根据“watches every match”可知他非常喜欢足球,其他选项不符合语境。故选A。 27.China sent a ________ into space to carry the astronauts. A.rocket B.car C.plane D.boat 【答案】A 【详解】句意:中国发射了一枚火箭,把宇航员送入太空。rocket火箭;car汽车;plane飞机;boat船。根据“into space”和“astronauts”可知运送宇航员进入太空的是火箭,不是汽车、飞机或船。故选A。 28.Look at the ________. It says "Keep off the grass". A.board B.book C.bag D.pen 【答案】A 【详解】句意:看那块牌子。上面写着“请勿践踏草坪”。board板、牌子;book书;bag包;pen钢笔。根据“It says”和“Keep off the grass”可知,这是提示牌上的内容,不是书、包或钢笔。应填board。故选A。 29.You had better take an umbrella with you ______ it rains when you come back this afternoon. A.in case B.in case of C.because D.so that 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你最好带把伞,以防今天下午回来时下雨。in case以防万一,后接从句;in case of后接名词;because因为;so that以便。根据it rains是从句可知,应选in case。正确答案是A。 30.To finish the group project on time, we must ______ each other and share our ideas. A.cooperate with B.agree with C.play with D.fight with 【答案】A 【详解】句意:为了按时完成小组项目,我们必须互相合作并分享想法。cooperate with与……合作;agree with同意;play with和……玩;fight with和……打架。根据group project和share our ideas可知需要合作,应选cooperate with。正确答案是A。 31.The shopping mall is always ________ on weekends because there are too many people. A.crowded B.free C.open D.clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意:周末购物中心总是很拥挤,因为人太多了。crowded拥挤的;free免费的;open开着的;clean干净的。根据“there are too many people”可知人多导致拥挤,不是免费、开着或干净。应填crowded。故选A。 32.He knows how to ________ the machine. A.operate B.invent C.break D.throw 【答案】A 【详解】句意:他知道如何操作这台机器。operate操作;invent发明;break打破;throw扔。根据“the machine”和“knows how to”可知,他懂得操作机器,不是发明、打破或扔机器。应填operate。故选A。 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 33.火势很快变得无法控制,消防员们努力灭火。 The fire soon went ________ ________, and the firefighters tried to put it out. 【答案】 beyond control 【详解】原句中“无法控制”是关键词,对应beyond control。go beyond control表示变得无法控制,went是go的过去式。and连接两个并列分句,tried to put it out表示努力灭火。故填beyond;control。 34.他把船系到了树上,然后走进了森林。 He ________ the boat ________ a tree and then walked into the forest. 【答案】 tied to 【详解】原句中“把船系到树上”是关键词,对应tie...to...。句子讲述过去的事,tie用过去式tied;to后接a tree表示系到的对象。and then连接walked,表示接着走进森林。故填tied;to。 35.老师要求我们每天按时交作业。 The teacher ________ ________ ________ hand in our homework on time every day. 【答案】 requires us to 【详解】原句中“要求我们交作业”是关键词,对应require sb to do sth。主语The teacher是第三人称单数,用requires;sb根据句意变为us;to后接动词原形hand in。every day作时间状语。故填requires;us;to。 36.宇宙中有数十亿颗星星,我们无法数清它们。 There are ________ ________ stars in the universe and we can't count them all. 【答案】 billions of 【详解】原句中“数十亿颗”是关键词,对应billions of。billions of后接可数名词复数stars,表示数十亿颗。There are后接复数主语。and连接两个并列分句,can't count them all表示无法数清。故填billions;of。 37.你能运用你的想象力为我们画一幅美丽的画吗? Can you ________ ________ ________ to draw a beautiful picture for us? 【答案】 use your imagination 【详解】原句中“运用你的想象力”是关键词,对应use one's imagination。Can后接动词原形use;主语you对应your;imagination作宾语。to draw a beautiful picture for us作目的状语。故填use;your;imagination。 38.这台新机器运行良好,所以我们每天能生产更多产品。 This new machine ________ ________, so we can produce more products every day. 【答案】 operates well 【详解】原句中“运行良好”是关键词,对应operate well。主语This new machine是第三人称单数,一般现在时用operates;well是副词,修饰operates。so引导结果状语从句,every day作时间状语。故填operates;well。 39.作为人类,我们应该互相帮助,让世界更美好。 As ________ ________, we should help each other and make the world a better place. 【答案】 human beings 【详解】原句中“人类”是关键词,对应human being。As后接复数human beings,表示作为人类整体;should help作谓语。and连接help和make两个动词原形。make the world a better place表示让世界更美好。故填human;beings。 40.当她第一次踏上北京时,她非常兴奋。 She felt very excited when she ________ ________ ________ Beijing for the first time. 【答案】 set foot on 【详解】原句中“踏上”是关键词,对应set foot on。when引导时间状语从句,主句felt表明用一般过去时,set的过去式仍为set;foot on为固定搭配,on后接Beijing。for the first time表示第一次。故填set;foot;on。 $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点,便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词、短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词、短语的用法,加深对单词、短语的记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 weightless/ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的;无重量的 movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 活动;运动 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着(的) fall asleep入睡 tie /taɪ/v. 系上;束紧 n. 领带 crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的;不理智的 human being 人;人类 require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/v. 要求;需要 cancel /ˈkænsl/v. 取消;终止 publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/v. 刊登;出版 rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ n. 火箭 god /ɡɒd/ n. 神 in case 以防万一 board /bɔːd/ n. 板;牌子 on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/v. 合作;协作 cooperate with 与……合作 set foot on 踏上;进入(某地) survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n. 测绘;民意调查 crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/ adj. 人(太)多的;拥挤的 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/v. 操作;运行 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep. 在……较远的一边 adv. 在(或向)更远处 mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务;使命 telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 rover /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器;漫游者 manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的;需人操作的 launch /lɔːntʃ/v. & n. 发射;发起 geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 地质;地质学 satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 人造卫星;卫星 exoplanet /ˈeksəʊˌplænɪt/ n. 系外行星 solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj. 太阳的;太阳能的 mysterious /mɪˈstɪəriəs/ adj. 神秘的;奇怪的 spacecraft /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ n. (pl. spacecraft)宇宙飞船 billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 trillion /ˈtrɪljən/ num. 万亿;兆 galaxy /ˈɡæləksi/ n. 星系 imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 想象;想象力 expectation/ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ n.期望;希望 craft /kraːft/ n.技艺;工艺 (pl. craft) 飞行器;船 spaceship /ˈspeɪsʃɪp/ n.(航天)飞船 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、weightless 词义:weightless作形容词,意为“失重的;无重量的”。 Astronauts feel weightless in space.(宇航员在太空中感觉失重。) 固定搭配:weightless environment(失重环境) The weightless environment affects astronauts' bodies.(失重环境影响宇航员的身体。) feel weightless(感觉失重) You feel weightless when you jump on a trampoline.(在蹦床上跳时你会感觉失重。) weightless condition(失重状态) Plants grow differently in weightless conditions.(植物在失重状态下生长方式不同。) 词形变化:weight n. 重量 weigh v. 称重 weightlessly adv. 失重地 2、movement 词义:movement作名词,意为“移动;动作;活动”。 She made a sudden movement.(她突然动了一下。) The environmental movement is growing.(环保运动正在发展。) The movement of the clouds is slow.(云朵的移动很慢。) 固定搭配:body movement(身体动作) Dancers use body movement to express feelings.(舞者用身体动作表达情感。) 词形变化:move v. 移动 moving adj. 感人的 moved adj. 感动的。 3、asleep 词义:asleep作形容词,意为“睡着的”,常作表语。 He was asleep during the movie.(他看电影时睡着了。) 固定搭配:be asleep(睡着) She is asleep in her room.(她在房间里睡着了。) fall asleep(入睡;睡着) I fell asleep as soon as I lay down.(我一躺下就睡着了。) fast/sound asleep(熟睡) The children are fast asleep.(孩子们睡得很熟。) 词形变化:sleep v./n. 睡觉 sleepy adj. 困倦的 sleeping adj. 睡着的(作定语)。 易错点:asleep不能作定语,不说an asleep boy,应说a sleeping boy。 fall asleep强调“入睡”的动作,be asleep强调“睡着”的状态。 4、tie 词义:tie作动词,意为“系;捆绑;打结”。 Tie your shoes.(系好你的鞋带。) He tied the dog to the tree.(他把狗拴在树上。) tie作可数名词,意为“领带”。 He wore a red tie.(他戴了一条红领带。) 固定搭配:tie ... to ...(把……系到……) She tied the boat to the dock.(她把船拴在码头上。) tie up(捆绑;包扎) He tied up the package.(他把包裹捆好了。) tie a knot(打结) Please tie a knot in the rope.(请在绳子上打个结。) 易错点: tie的ing形式是tying,不是tieing。tie作名词时复数为ties。 5、crazy 词义:crazy作形容词,意为“疯狂的;不理智的”。 That's a crazy idea.(那是个疯狂的想法。) crazy作形容词,意为“着迷的;狂热的”。 He is crazy about football.(他对足球着迷。) crazy作形容词,意为“生气的”。 My mom will be crazy if I come home late.(如果我晚回家妈妈会生气。) 固定搭配: be crazy about(对……着迷) She is crazy about pop music.(她对流行音乐着迷。) go crazy(发疯;疯狂) The fans went crazy when the star appeared.(明星出现时粉丝们疯狂了。) drive sb. crazy(把某人逼疯) The noise is driving me crazy.(噪音快把我逼疯了。) 词形变化:crazily adv. 疯狂地 易混淆词: crazy与mad:crazy更口语;mad在英式英语中多指“疯的”,在美式英语中常指“生气的”。 易错点: be crazy about后接名词或动名词。 6、human being 词义:human being作可数名词,意为“人类;人”。 Human beings need water and air.(人类需要水和空气。) 固定搭配:a human being(一个人) A human being can think and speak.(人能够思考和说话。) human beings(人类) Human beings have changed the world.(人类改变了世界。) 易混淆词:human being与human human可作形容词“人类的”,也可作名词“人”;human being更强调作为生物的人。 7、require 词义:require作动词,意为“需要”。 The problem requires careful thought.(这个问题需要仔细思考。) require作动词,意为“要求”。 Students are required to wear uniforms.(学生被要求穿校服。) 固定搭配:require sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事) The teacher required us to hand in homework on time.(老师要求我们按时交作业。) require doing sth.(需要做某事,主动表被动) The room requires cleaning.(房间需要打扫。) require that ...(要求……) The rules require that everyone should be on time.(规则要求每个人都应准时。) be required to do(被要求做) We are required to keep quiet in the library.(我们被要求在图书馆保持安静。) 词形变化:requirement n. 要求;必需的物品。 易错点: require不接双宾语,不能说require sb. sth.。require that从句常用should加动词原形,should可以省略。 8、cancel 词义:cancel作动词,意为“取消;撤销”。 I need to cancel my appointment.(我需要取消预约。) 固定搭配:cancel a meeting(取消会议) They cancelled the meeting.(他们取消了会议。) cancel an order(取消订单) I want to cancel my order.(我想取消订单。) 词形变化: cancel的过去式和过去分词英式拼写为cancelled,美式拼写为canceled;现在分词英式为cancelling,美式为canceling。 9、publish 词义:publish作动词,意为“出版;发表”。 She published an article in the newspaper.(她在报纸上发表了一篇文章。) publish作动词,意为“公布;发布”。 The school published the exam results.(学校公布了考试成绩。) 固定搭配:publish a book(出版书) He published a book about science.(他出版了一本关于科学的书。) publish an article(发表文章) The writer published an article online.(这位作家在网上发表了一篇文章。) publish the news(公布消息) The government published the news.(政府公布了这条消息。) 词形变化:publisher n. 出版商 publication n. 出版;出版物。 10、rocket 词义:rocket作可数名词,意为“火箭”。 The rocket flew into space.(火箭飞入太空。) 11、god 词义:god作可数名词,意为“神”。 People in ancient times worshipped many gods.(古代人崇拜许多神。) 词形变化:goddess n. 女神 god的复数为gods。 12、in case 词义:in case意为“以防;万一”。 Take an umbrella in case it rains.(带把伞以防下雨。) In case I'm late, start without me.(万一我迟到,不用等我开始。) in case意为“如果;假使”。 In case you need help, call me.(如果你需要帮助,打电话给我。) 固定搭配:in case of(万一发生……) In case of fire, call 119.(万一发生火灾,打119。) in any case(无论如何) In any case, you must finish it.(无论如何,你必须完成。) in that case(那样的话) In that case, I will go with you.(那样的话,我和你一起去。) just in case(以防万一) Take some money just in case.(带点钱以防万一。) 13、board 词义:board作可数名词,意为“板;木板”。 Please look at the blackboard.(请看黑板。) board作动词,意为“上(船、飞机、火车等)”。 Passengers should board the plane now.(乘客现在应登机。) 固定搭配:on board(在船/飞机/车上) There are many passengers on board.(飞机上有很多乘客。) board a plane(登机) We will board the plane in ten minutes.(我们十分钟后登机。) 14、cooperate 词义:cooperate作动词,意为“合作;协作”。 The two schools cooperated on the project.(两所学校在这个项目上合作。) 固定搭配:cooperate with sb.(与某人合作) I cooperated with my classmates.(我和同学们合作。) cooperate in doing sth.(合作做某事) They cooperated in finishing the task.(他们合作完成了任务。) cooperate on sth.(在……上合作) The two companies cooperated on the new product.(两家公司在新产品上合作。) 词形变化:cooperation n. 合作 15、set foot on 词义:set foot on意为“踏上;进入;访问;参观(某地)”。 The astronauts set foot on the moon.(宇航员踏上月球。) I have never set foot on that island.(我从未踏上那个岛。) 16、survey 词义:survey作可数名词,也可作动词,意为“调查;测绘”。 We did a survey about students' hobbies.(我们做了一项关于学生爱好的调查。) They surveyed the area for the new road.(他们为修新路测量了这片区域。) 固定搭配:do a survey(做调查) We did a survey on reading habits.(我们做了一项关于阅读习惯的调查。) a survey of/on(关于……的调查) This is a survey of student life.(这是一项关于学生生活的调查。) 17、crowded 词义:crowded作形容词,意为“拥挤的”。 The shopping mall is crowded on weekends.(购物中心周末很拥挤。) 固定搭配:be crowded with(挤满……) The street is crowded with people.(街上挤满了人。) crowded place(拥挤的地方) I don't like crowded places.(我不喜欢拥挤的地方。) 词形变化:crowd n. 人群;v. 拥挤 crowded adj. 拥挤的。 18、operate 词义:operate作动词,意为“操作;运转”。 He knows how to operate the machine.(他会操作这台机器。) The machine operates well.(这台机器运转良好。) operate作动词,意为“做手术”。 The doctor operated on the patient.(医生给病人做手术。) operate作动词,意为“经营;管理”。 The company operates in many countries.(这家公司在许多国家经营。) 固定搭配: operate on sb.(给某人做手术) The doctors operated on him for two hours.(医生给他做了两个小时手术。) operate a machine(操作机器) Can you operate this machine?(你会操作这台机器吗?) operate a company(经营公司) She operates a small company.(她经营一家小公司。) 词形变化:operation n. 手术;操作 operator n. 操作员。 易错点: operate on sb.表示“给某人做手术”,on不可省略。operate作“做手术”时不及物。 单元单词、短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.The baby is a________ in bed. 2.He t________ the dog to the tree yesterday. 3.He is c________ about football. 4.We had to c________ the picnic because of the rain. 5.The writer will p________ his new book next month. 6.In old stories, people believed in many g________. 7.We should c________ with each other to finish the task. 8.We did a s________ about students' hobbies. 9.The problem is ________(超出) my ability. 10.They will ________(发射) a new satellite next month. 11.In a ________(失重的) environment, people can float. 12.He watched the ________(活动) of the animals at night. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 13.A ________ (man) spaceship can carry people into space. 14.Astronauts are ________ (weight) in space. 15.The baby fell ________ (sleep) in his mother's arms. 16.He drove ________ (crazy) through the busy streets. 17.The school has many ________ (require) for new students. 18.The ________ (cooperate) between the two countries is very important. 19.You can ________ (imagination) a world without cars. 20.His ________ (expect) was to become a doctor. 三、单项选择 21.The beautiful scenery is ________ description. A.beyond B.behind C.below D.beside 22.The first ________ flight to the moon was a great success. A.manned B.short C.daily D.safe 23.The ________ environment in the spaceship is different from that on Earth. A.weightless B.noisy C.bright D.warm 24.The teacher asked us to make a ________ with our arms. A.movement B.mistake C.decision D.promise 25.The baby is ________. Please don't wake him up. A.asleep B.awake C.alone D.afraid 26.My brother is ________ about football. He watches every match. A.crazy B.sorry C.afraid D.tired 27.China sent a ________ into space to carry the astronauts. A.rocket B.car C.plane D.boat 28.Look at the ________. It says "Keep off the grass". A.board B.book C.bag D.pen 29.You had better take an umbrella with you ______ it rains when you come back this afternoon. A.in case B.in case of C.because D.so that 30.To finish the group project on time, we must ______ each other and share our ideas. A.cooperate with B.agree with C.play with D.fight with 31.The shopping mall is always ________ on weekends because there are too many people. A.crowded B.free C.open D.clean 32.He knows how to ________ the machine. A.operate B.invent C.break D.throw 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 33.火势很快变得无法控制,消防员们努力灭火。 The fire soon went ________ ________, and the firefighters tried to put it out. 34.他把船系到了树上,然后走进了森林。 He ________ the boat ________ a tree and then walked into the forest. 35.老师要求我们每天按时交作业。 The teacher ________ ________ ________ hand in our homework on time every day. 36.宇宙中有数十亿颗星星,我们无法数清它们。 There are ________ ________ stars in the universe and we can't count them all. 37.你能运用你的想象力为我们画一幅美丽的画吗? Can you ________ ________ ________ to draw a beautiful picture for us? 38.这台新机器运行良好,所以我们每天能生产更多产品。 This new machine ________ ________, so we can produce more products every day. 39.作为人类,我们应该互相帮助,让世界更美好。 As ________ ________, we should help each other and make the world a better place. 40.当她第一次踏上北京时,她非常兴奋。 She felt very excited when she ________ ________ ________ Beijing for the first time. $

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Unit 6 Beyond Earth 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练  2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit 6 Beyond Earth 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练  2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit 6 Beyond Earth 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练  2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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