Unit 5 Power of Ideas 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

2026-10-10
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Unit 5 Power of Ideas 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点,便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词、短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词、短语的用法,加深对单词、短语的记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明;创造 camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机;摄影机 itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己 hundreds (of ...) 许多;大量 printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 打印机;印刷商 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产;制造 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 adj. 塑料的 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明;编造 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为;推断 be supposed to do / be sth 应当做(某事)或是(某物) wheel /wiːl/ n. 车轮;轮子 tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实;事实 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任的 responsible for sth 引起某事 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的;瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/v. 塑造 n. 形状 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头;岩石 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的;价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员;军官 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个;毫无 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些;确定的 pron.(不提及人或事物的名称时用)某些 suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的;适宜的 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 later on 后来;其后 speed up(使)加速 result in 造成;导致 lead to 导致;造成 birth /bɜːθ/ n. 诞生;出现 rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ adv. 迅速地;快速地 afford /əˈfɔːd/v. 买得起;能做 company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司;陪伴 production /prəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 生产;制作 widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地;普遍地 be looking to do sth 试图找到做某事的方法 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 high-speed train 高速列车 super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的;顶好的 sunglasses /ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜 button /ˈbʌtn/ n. 按钮;扣子 file /faɪl/ n.(计算机的)文件;文件夹 telephone /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ n. 电话 eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的;东方的 layer /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层;表层 frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的;冰封的 melt /melt/ v.(使)融化;逐渐消失 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道;管子;烟斗 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的;经济学的 gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得;取得 papermaking /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺;造纸业 bronze /brɒnz/ n. 青铜 ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品;陶器 jute /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ (=fiber) n. 纤维 workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊;讲习班 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的;最合适的 n. 理想;完美的人(或事物) bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体 adj. 液体的 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造;作品 Arab /ˈærəb/ adj. 阿拉伯的 n. 阿拉伯人 sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj. 黏(性)的;闷热的 songbook /ˈsɒŋbʊk/ n. 歌曲集 gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地;逐步地 glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、invention 词义:① invention作不可数名词,意为“发明;创造”。 The invention of the telephone changed our life.(电话的发明改变了我们的生活。) The computer is a great invention.(电脑是一项伟大的发明。) 固定搭配:① the invention of(……的发明) I am interested in the invention of the wheel.(我对轮子的发明很感兴趣。) ② make an invention(做出发明) He made an important invention.(他做出了一项重要发明。) ③ a great invention(一项伟大的发明) 词形变化:invent v. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 inventive adj. 有发明才能的 易混淆词:① invention与discovery invention指发明原本不存在的东西。 The invention of the light bulb was important.(电灯泡的发明很重要。) discovery指发现原本存在但未被知道的东西。 The discovery of America was a big event.(美洲的发现是一件大事。) 2、camera 词义:① camera作可数名词,意为“照相机;摄像机”。 She took photos with her camera.(她用相机拍了照片。) 固定搭配:① take a photo with a camera(用相机拍照) He took a photo with his camera.(他用相机拍了一张照片。) ② digital camera(数码相机) 3、itself 词义:① itself作反身代词,意为“它自己;它本身”。 The problem itself is not difficult.(问题本身并不难。) 固定搭配:① by itself(独自;自动地) The door opened by itself.(门自动开了。) ② in itself(本身;本质上) The idea is good in itself.(这个想法本身是好的。) 词形变化:it pron. 它 its adj. 它的 itself pron. 它自己 4、hundreds (of ...) 词义:① hundreds of ...意为“数百的;成百上千的”,后接可数名词复数。 Hundreds of students took part in the activity.(数百名学生参加了这次活动。) ② hundred前有具体数字时,用单数,不加of。 Two hundred students came to the meeting.(两百名学生来参加了会议。) 固定搭配:① hundreds of(数百;成百上千) Hundreds of people visit the park every day.(每天有数百人参观这个公园。) ② two/three/... hundred(两百/三百……) There are three hundred students in our grade.(我们年级有三百名学生。) ③ several hundred(几百) Several hundred birds flew over the lake.(几百只鸟飞过湖面。) 易混淆词:① hundreds of与two hundred hundreds of表示不确定的数百。 Hundreds of people came.(数百人来了。) two hundred表示具体两百。 Two hundred people came.(两百人来了。) 5、printer 词义:① printer作可数名词,意为“打印机”。 Please connect the printer to the computer.(请把打印机连接到电脑上。) ② printer作可数名词,意为“印刷工;印刷商”。 He works as a printer in a factory.(他在一家工厂当印刷工。) 固定搭配:① print out(打印出来) Please print out the document.(请把文件打印出来。) 词形变化:print v. 打印;印刷 printer n. 打印机 printing n. 印刷 6、produce 词义:① produce作动词,意为“生产;制造;产生”。 This factory produces cars.(这家工厂生产汽车。) ② produce作不可数名词,意为“农产品”。 The farmer sells fresh produce.(农民出售新鲜农产品。) 固定搭配:① produce goods(生产商品) ② produce a result(产生结果) The experiment produced a good result.(实验产生了好的结果。) 词形变化:product n. 产品 production n. 生产 producer n. 生产者 易混淆词:① produce与product produce是动词,意为“生产”。 They produce shoes.(他们生产鞋子。) product是名词,意为“产品”。 Their products are popular.(他们的产品很受欢迎。) 7、plastic 词义:① plastic作不可数名词,意为“塑料”。 This bottle is made of plastic.(这个瓶子是用塑料做的。) ② plastic作形容词,意为“塑料的”。 I bought a plastic bag.(我买了一个塑料袋。) 固定搭配:① plastic bag(塑料袋) ② plastic pollution(塑料污染) ③ made of plastic(由塑料制成) The toy is made of plastic.(这个玩具是塑料做的。) 8、invent 词义:① invent作动词,意为“发明;创造”。 He invented a new game.(他发明了一个新游戏。) 固定搭配:① invent sth.(发明某物) Who invented the telephone?(谁发明了电话?) 词形变化:invention n. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 易混淆词: ① invent与discover invent指发明原本不存在的东西。 He invented a new machine.(他发明了一台新机器。) discover指发现原本存在的东西。 Columbus discovered America.(哥伦布发现了美洲。) 9、suppose 词义:① suppose作动词,意为“猜想;认为;假设”。 Suppose you are a teacher, what will you do?(假设你是一名老师,你会怎么做?) ② suppose用于be supposed to结构,意为“应该”。 You are supposed to finish your homework on time.(你应该按时完成作业。) 固定搭配: ① I suppose (that)...(我想/我认为……) I suppose that she will come.(我想她会来。) ② be supposed to do/ be sth We are supposed to be quiet in the library.(我们在图书馆应该保持安静。) be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事;被期望做某事”。 Students are supposed to hand in homework on time.(学生应该按时交作业。) You are not supposed to run in the hallways.(你不应该在走廊里跑。) be supposed to be sth.意为“应该是某物;被认为是某物”。 This is supposed to be the best film of the year.(这应该是今年最好的电影。) 词形变化:supposed adj. 应该的;假定的 易错点: be supposed to中to后接动词原形。否定在be后加not。疑问把be提前。 10、wheel 词义:① wheel作可数名词,意为“轮子;车轮”。 The car has four wheels.(汽车有四个轮子。) 11、tourism 词义:① tourism作不可数名词,意为“旅游业;旅游”。 Tourism is important to our city.(旅游业对我们城市很重要。) 固定搭配:① tourism industry(旅游业) The tourism industry is growing fast.(旅游业发展迅速。) ② develop tourism(发展旅游业) The city is trying to develop tourism.(这座城市正在努力发展旅游业。) 词形变化:tour n./v. 旅行 tourist n. 游客 tourism n. 旅游业 12、reality 词义:① reality作不可数名词,意为“现实;实际情况”。 We must face reality.(我们必须面对现实。) ② reality作可数名词,意为“现实事物;事实”。 His dream became a reality.(他的梦想变成了现实。) 固定搭配:① in reality(实际上;事实上) In reality, he is very kind.(实际上,他很善良。) ② become a reality(成为现实) Her wish became a reality.(她的愿望成了现实。) ③ face reality(面对现实) You should face reality and work hard.(你应该面对现实,努力工作。) 词形变化:real adj. 真实的 really adv. 真正地 13、responsible 词义:① responsible作形容词,意为“有责任的;负责的;有责任心的”。 He is responsible for the project.(他负责这个项目。) She is a responsible student.(她是一个有责任心的学生。) 固定搭配:① be responsible for sth.(对某事负责) You are responsible for your own study.(你要对自己的学习负责。) ② be responsible to sb.(对某人负责) Teachers are responsible to the school.(老师对学校负责。) ③ a responsible person(有责任心的人) 词形变化:responsibility n. 责任 responsibly adv. 负责地 易混淆词:① be responsible for与be responsible to be responsible for表示“对某事负责”或“是……的原因”。 He is responsible for the mistake.(他对这个错误负责。) be responsible to表示“对某人负责”。 You are responsible to your parents.(你对父母负责。) 14、rapid 词义: ① rapid作形容词,意为“快速的;迅速的”。 She made rapid progress in English.(她的英语进步很快。) 固定搭配:① rapid development(快速发展) ② rapid progress(快速进步) ③ rapid growth(快速增长) 词形变化:rapidly adv. 快速地 rapidity n. 迅速 易混淆词: ① rapid与fast rapid强调速度快,常用于发展、变化。 There is rapid change.(变化很快。) fast强调移动速度快。 He runs fast.(他跑得快。) ② rapid与quick rapid强调过程迅速。 He made rapid progress.(他进步迅速。) quick强调动作敏捷。 She gave a quick answer.(她快速回答。) 15、shape 词义:① shape作可数名词,意为“形状;外形”。 The cake is in the shape of a heart.(蛋糕是心形的。) ②shape作动词,意为“塑造;使成形”。 Parents shape their children's character.(父母塑造孩子的性格。) 固定搭配:① in the shape of(以……的形状) She made a cake in the shape of a star.(她做了一个星星形状的蛋糕。) ② take shape(成形;形成) The plan is taking shape.(计划正在成形。) ③ out of shape(变形;身体不好) My bike is out of shape.(我的自行车变形了。) ④ shape ... into ...(把……塑造成……) He shaped the clay into a bowl.(他把黏土塑成碗。) 词形变化:shaped adj. 有……形状的 shapeless adj. 无形状的 16、stone 词义:① stone作可数名词,意为“石头;石块”。 He threw a stone into the river.(他把一块石头扔进河里。) 固定搭配:① kill two birds with one stone(一石二鸟;一举两得) By studying English and making friends, you kill two birds with one stone.(通过学英语和交朋友,你一举两得。) ② leave no stone unturned(想尽一切办法) The police left no stone unturned to find the lost child.(警方想尽办法寻找失踪的孩子。) 易混淆词:① stone与rock stone通常指小块石头或石料。 There are many stones on the beach.(海滩上有许多小石头。) rock通常指大块岩石。 The ship hit a rock.(船撞上了岩石。) 17、expensive 词义:① expensive作形容词,意为“昂贵的;价格高的”。 The trip was expensive but enjoyable.(这次旅行很贵,但很愉快。) 固定搭配:① be expensive for sb.(对某人来说昂贵) The bike is too expensive for a student.(这辆自行车对学生来说太贵了。) ② it is expensive to do sth.(做某事很花钱) It is expensive to travel abroad.(出国旅行很花钱。) 易混淆词: ① expensive与dear expensive指价格高,较正式。 The car is expensive.(这辆车很贵。) dear在英式口语中也可指“贵的”,但还有“亲爱的”之意。 That shop is a bit dear.(那家店有点贵。) 词形变化:① expense n. 费用;花费 ② expensively adv. 昂贵地 18、officer 词义:① officer作可数名词,意为“军官;官员;警官”。 My uncle is an army officer.(我叔叔是一名军官。) 固定搭配:① police officer(警官;警察) The police officer stopped the car.(警官拦下了那辆车。) ② army officer(军官) He wants to be an army officer.(他想成为一名军官。) ③ customs officer(海关官员) The customs officer checked our bags.(海关官员检查了我们的包。) 易混淆词: ① officer与official officer多指军官、警官等穿制服的人员。 The officer gave an order.(军官下达了命令。) official多指政府官员、官方人员。 He is a government official.(他是一名政府官员。) 词形变化:① office n. 办公室 ② official adj. 官方的;正式的 n. 官员 ③ officer的复数形式为officers。 19、none 词义:① none作代词,意为“没有一个;毫无”。 None of the students was late.(没有一个学生迟到。) I have none.(我一个也没有。) 固定搭配: ① none of ...(……中没有一个) None of the books is interesting.(这些书没有一本有趣。) ② second to none(首屈一指;无人能比) Her English is second to none in our class.(她的英语在我们班首屈一指。) 易混淆词:① none与no one none既可指人也可指物,常与of连用。 None of us was/were late.(我们没人迟到。) no one只指人,不与of连用,谓语用单数。 No one knows the answer.(没人知道答案。) ② none与neither none指三者或三者以上“都不”。 None of the three boys came.(三个男孩都没来。) neither指两者“都不”。 Neither of the two boys came.(两个男孩都没来。) 20、certain 词义:① certain作形容词,意为“确定的;确信的”。 She is certain of success.(她确信会成功。) ② certain作形容词或代词,意为“某些;某个”。 Certain students were absent.(某些学生缺席了。) A certain teacher called you.(某位老师给你打了电话。) 固定搭配: ① be certain of/about(对……确信) He is certain of winning the game.(他确信会赢得比赛。) ② for certain(肯定地;确切地) I don't know for certain.(我不确切知道。) ③ a certain + 单数名词(某个) A certain boy is waiting for you.(某个男孩在等你。) 词形变化:① certainly adv. 当然;肯定地 ② certainty n. 确定性;确定的事 21、suitable 词义:① suitable作形容词,意为“合适的;适宜的”。 This book is suitable for children.(这本书适合儿童。) The time is suitable for a picnic.(这个时间适合野餐。) 固定搭配:① be suitable for sb./sth.(适合某人/某物) The film is not suitable for young children.(这部电影不适合小孩子。) 易混淆词: ① suitable与fit suitable指适合某种目的、场合或人。 The dress is suitable for the party.(这条裙子适合派对。) fit指尺寸、大小合身。 These shoes fit me well.(这双鞋很合脚。) 词形变化:① suit v. 适合 ② suitably adv. 合适地 22、cheap 词义:① cheap作形容词,意为“便宜的;廉价的”。 These shoes are very cheap.(这双鞋很便宜。) 固定搭配:① cheap and cheerful(物美价廉) The restaurant is cheap and cheerful.(这家餐馆物美价廉。) ② dirt cheap(非常便宜) The clothes were dirt cheap in the sale.(促销时衣服非常便宜。) ③ on the cheap(便宜地;省钱地) They traveled on the cheap.(他们省钱旅行。) 词形变化:① cheaply adv. 便宜地 ② cheapness n. 便宜 易错点: ① 修饰price时用low,不用cheap。 23、later on 词义:① later on意为“后来;以后;稍后”。 Later on, he became a doctor.(后来他成了一名医生。) I will tell you later on.(我稍后告诉你。) 固定搭配: ① a little later on(稍晚一点) We can discuss it a little later on.(我们可以稍晚一点讨论这件事。) 易混淆词: ① later on与later later on是副词短语,强调“后来”。 Later on, she changed her mind.(后来她改变了主意。) later可作副词,意为“后来;稍后”,也可作形容词“更晚的”。 See you later.(待会儿见。) ② later on与after after可作介词或连词,后面要接宾语或句子。 After dinner, we went out.(晚饭后我们出去了。) later on独立作状语,后面不接宾语。 易错点: ① later on是副词短语,作状语,不能作定语。 24、speed up 词义:① speed up意为“加快速度;加速”。 Please speed up, or we will be late.(请快点,否则我们会迟到。) 固定搭配:① speed up the process(加快进程) We need to speed up the process.(我们需要加快进程。) 易混淆词: ① speed up与hurry up speed up多指车辆、机器、进程加速。 The car sped up.(汽车加速了。) hurry up多指人赶快。 Hurry up! The bus is coming.(快点!公交车来了。) 易错点: ① speed up是“动词+副词”短语,接代词作宾语时,代词放中间,如speed it up。 25、result in 词义: result in意为“导致;造成”,in是介词,后接名词或动名词。 The accident resulted in three injuries.(这起事故导致三人受伤。) The mistake resulted in losing the game.(这个错误导致输掉了比赛。) 易混淆词:① result in与result from result in后接结果,意为“导致”。 The storm resulted in a lot of damage.(暴风雨造成了很多损失。) result from后接原因,意为“由……造成”。 The damage resulted from the storm.(损失是由暴风雨造成的。) ② result in与lead to result in和lead to都可表示“导致”,常可互换。 The rain resulted in/led to a flood.(大雨导致了洪水。) 26、lead to 词义:① lead to意为“导致;造成”。 Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.(吃太多糖会导致健康问题。) ② lead to意为“通向;通往”。 This road leads to the park.(这条路通向公园。) ③ lead to意为“引领;带领到”。 The teacher led us to the library.(老师带我们去了图书馆。) 固定搭配: ① lead to sth.(导致某事) Smoking can lead to serious illnesses.(吸烟会导致严重疾病。) ② lead to doing sth.(导致做某事) His carelessness led to losing the match.(他的粗心导致输掉了比赛。) ③ lead sb. to do sth.(导致某人做某事) What led you to choose this school?(是什么导致你选择这所学校?) 易混淆词: ① lead to与cause cause直接接结果,意为“引起”。 The rain caused a flood.(大雨引起了洪水。) lead to强调过程或结果。 The rain led to a flood.(大雨导致了洪水。) 易错点: ① lead to中to是介词,后接名词或动名词,不接动词原形。 27、birth 词义: ① birth作名词,意为“出生;诞生;起源;开始”。 The birth of the baby made the family happy.(婴儿的出生让全家高兴。) The birth of the Internet changed the world.(互联网的诞生改变了世界。) 固定搭配:① give birth to(生下;产生) She gave birth to a healthy boy.(她生下一个健康的男孩。) ② date of birth(出生日期) Please write your date of birth here.(请在这里写下你的出生日期。) ③ at birth(出生时) The baby weighed three kilos at birth.(婴儿出生时重三公斤。) 词形变化: birthday n. 生日 28、rapidly 词义: ① rapidly作副词,意为“快速地;迅速地”。 He ran rapidly to catch the bus.(他快速跑去赶公交车。) 固定搭配:① rapidly growing(快速增长的) ② rapidly changing(快速变化的) ③ increase rapidly(快速增加) 词形变化:① rapid adj. 快速的 29、afford 词义:① afford作动词,意为“买得起;负担得起;承担得起”。 Can you afford to buy a new phone?(你买得起新手机吗?) 固定搭配:① afford sth.(买得起某物) We can't afford a new car.(我们买不起新车。) ② afford to do sth.(负担得起做某事) He can't afford to travel abroad.(他负担不起出国旅行。) ③ can't afford to do sth.(不能承担做某事的后果) You can't afford to waste time.(你不能浪费时间。) 词形变化:① affordable adj. 负担得起的 30、company 词义:① company作可数名词,意为“公司”。 My father works in a big company.(我爸爸在一家大公司工作。) ② company作不可数名词,意为“陪伴;同伴”。 I enjoy your company.(我喜欢你的陪伴。) 固定搭配:① keep sb. company(陪伴某人) I will keep you company.(我会陪你。) ② in company with(与……一起) He came in company with his friends.(他和朋友们一起来的。) 易混淆词:① company与firm company泛指公司。 He works for a big company.(他在一家大公司工作。) firm多指小公司或事务所。 She works for a law firm.(她在一家律师事务所工作。) 词形变化:① company作“公司”讲时复数为companies。 ② accompany v. 陪伴 31、production 词义:① production作不可数名词,意为“生产;制造”。 The production of cars has increased.(汽车产量增加了。) ② production作可数名词,意为“作品;演出”。 This is a famous production.(这是一部著名作品。) 固定搭配:① in production(在生产中) The new model is now in production.(新款正在生产中。) ② production line(生产线) He works on the production line.(他在生产线上工作。) 易混淆词:① production与product production指“生产”或“产量”。 The production of rice increased.(大米产量增加了。) product指“产品”。 Their products are popular.(他们的产品很受欢迎。) ② production与produce produce作动词,意为“生产”。 They produce cars.(他们生产汽车。) 词形变化:① produce v. 生产 ② product n. 产品 32、widely 词义:① widely作副词,意为“广泛地;普遍地”。 The news spread widely.(消息广泛传播。) 固定搭配:① widely known(广为人知) The Great Wall is widely known.(长城广为人知。) ② widely used(广泛使用) ③ widely spread(广泛传播) 易混淆词: ① widely与wide widely表示“广泛地”,多用于抽象意义。 English is widely used.(英语被广泛使用。) wide作副词时,常表示“充分地张开”。 Open your mouth wide.(把嘴张大。) ② widely与wide作形容词 wide是形容词,意为“宽的”。 The river is wide.(这条河很宽。) 词形变化:① wide adj. 宽的;广泛的 ② widely adv. 广泛地 ③ width n. 宽度 33、be looking to do sth 词义:① be looking to do sth.意为“打算做某事;期望做某事;正寻求做某事”。 We are looking to improve our English.(我们打算提高英语水平。) The company is looking to hire new workers.(公司正寻求招聘新员工。) 固定搭配: be looking to sb. for sth.(指望某人给予某物) We are looking to you for help.(我们指望你帮忙。) 易混淆短语:① be looking to do sth.与look forward to doing sth. be looking to do sth.表示“打算、寻求做某事”,to后接动词原形。 We are looking to start a club.(我们打算创办一个俱乐部。) look forward to doing sth.表示“期待做某事”,to是介词,后接动名词。 I look forward to seeing you.(我期待见到你。) 易错点: ① be looking to do sth.中to后接动词原形,不要与look forward to doing sth.混淆。be looking to中的to是不定式符号,不是介词。 单元单词、短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.We should use fewer p________ bags to protect the environment. 2.You are s________ to finish your homework on time. 3.He turned the w________ to change the direction. 4.In r________, things are not always perfect. 5.Who is r________ for this mistake? 6.The river has a r________ flow after the heavy rain. 7.The cloud has the s________ of a horse. 8.He picked up a small s________ and threw it into the river. 9.People have made many important ________(发明) in history. 10.There are two ________(照相机) on the table. 11.The little robot can clean the room by ________(它自己). 12.These farms ________(生产) milk and eggs. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 13.The telephone was a great ________ (invent). 14.The cat can open the door by ________ (it). 15.There is something wrong with my ________ (print). 16.These ________ (produce) are made in China. 17.You are ________ (suppose) to wear a seat belt in the car. 18.Many ________ (tourism) visit Beijing every year. 19.He ran ________ (rapid) to catch the bus. 20.The film is not ________ (suit) for children. 三、单项选择 21.The telephone is a great ________. It changed our life. A.invention B.invitation C.instruction D.introduction 22.It's sunny today. You'd better wear your ________. A.sunglasses B.gloves C.shoes D.hats 23.The door opened by ________. No one pushed it. A.itself B.myself C.yourself D.himself 24.The toy is made of ________. It is light and cheap. A.plastic B.gold C.iron D.stone 25.Many people visit Beijing, so ________ is important there. A.tourism B.industry C.agriculture D.education 26.We should be ________ for our own actions. A.responsible B.excited C.interested D.surprised 27.This watch is very ________. I can't afford it. A.cheap B.expensive C.heavy D.old 28.There are ______ students in our school who take part in the volunteer work every year. A.hundreds of B.hundred of C.two hundreds D.hundreds 29.The train began to ______ as it left the busy city and moved into the open country. A.speed up B.slow down C.give up D.get up 30.Careless driving may ______ serious traffic accidents, so we must be careful on the road. A.result in B.result from C.lead in D.take in 31.Staying up late every night can ________ poor grades and health problems. A. lead to B. lead for C. lead with D. lead at 32.Many young people are looking to ________ their own business after they leave college. A. start B. starting C. started D. starts 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 33.我认为互联网是一项伟大的发明,它改变了我们的生活方式。 I think the Internet is ________ ________ ________, and it has changed our way of life. 34.这台新机器可以独自工作,并在没有别人操作的情况下完成整个任务。 This new machine can work ________ ________ and finish the whole task without anyone operating it. 35.我在桌子上发现了一个塑料袋,里面有一些苹果。 I found ________ ________ ________ on the table with some apples in it. 36.你不应该在图书馆里大声说话,因为其他人正在阅读。 You ________ ________ ________ to speak loudly in the library because others are reading. 37.司机应该时刻对乘客的安全负责。 Drivers should ________ ________ ________ the safety of their passengers at all times. 38.好习惯可以塑造一个人的生活,并帮助他将来成功。 Good habits can ________ ________ ________ and help him succeed in the future. 39.起初他讨厌英语,但后来他爱上了它。 At first he hated English, but ________ ________ he fell in love with it. 40.许多公司正在试图找到以更好方式降低成本的方法。 Many companies are ________ ________ reduce their costs in a better way. $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas 重点单词、短语用法讲练 目录 · 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 将单词、短语分层列出,突出重点词汇,便于记忆。 详细讲解重点单词和短语的用法,把握单词、短语的考点,便于全面掌握。 · 单元单词、短语用法练习 通过以下练习,在具体的语境中巩固单词、短语的用法,加深对单词、短语的记忆和理解。 单元重难点单词、短语用法讲解 一、单元单词、短语分层列举 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. 课标重点单词、短语。 invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明;创造 camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机;摄影机 itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己 hundreds (of ...) 许多;大量 printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 打印机;印刷商 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产;制造 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 adj. 塑料的 invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明;编造 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为;推断 be supposed to do / be sth 应当做(某事)或是(某物) wheel /wiːl/ n. 车轮;轮子 tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实;事实 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任的 responsible for sth 引起某事 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的;瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/v. 塑造 n. 形状 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头;岩石 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的;价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员;军官 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个;毫无 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些;确定的 pron.(不提及人或事物的名称时用)某些 suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的;适宜的 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 later on 后来;其后 speed up(使)加速 result in 造成;导致 lead to 导致;造成 birth /bɜːθ/ n. 诞生;出现 rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ adv. 迅速地;快速地 afford /əˈfɔːd/v. 买得起;能做 company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司;陪伴 production /prəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 生产;制作 widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地;普遍地 be looking to do sth 试图找到做某事的方法 2. 非课标重点单词、短语。 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 high-speed train 高速列车 super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的;顶好的 sunglasses /ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜 button /ˈbʌtn/ n. 按钮;扣子 file /faɪl/ n.(计算机的)文件;文件夹 telephone /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ n. 电话 eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的;东方的 layer /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层;表层 frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的;冰封的 melt /melt/ v.(使)融化;逐渐消失 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道;管子;烟斗 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的;经济学的 gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得;取得 papermaking /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺;造纸业 bronze /brɒnz/ n. 青铜 ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品;陶器 jute /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ (=fiber) n. 纤维 workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊;讲习班 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 理想的;最合适的 n. 理想;完美的人(或事物) bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体 adj. 液体的 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造;作品 Arab /ˈærəb/ adj. 阿拉伯的 n. 阿拉伯人 sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj. 黏(性)的;闷热的 songbook /ˈsɒŋbʊk/ n. 歌曲集 gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地;逐步地 glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 二、重点单词、短语用法讲解 1、invention 词义:① invention作不可数名词,意为“发明;创造”。 The invention of the telephone changed our life.(电话的发明改变了我们的生活。) The computer is a great invention.(电脑是一项伟大的发明。) 固定搭配:① the invention of(……的发明) I am interested in the invention of the wheel.(我对轮子的发明很感兴趣。) ② make an invention(做出发明) He made an important invention.(他做出了一项重要发明。) ③ a great invention(一项伟大的发明) 词形变化:invent v. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 inventive adj. 有发明才能的 易混淆词:① invention与discovery invention指发明原本不存在的东西。 The invention of the light bulb was important.(电灯泡的发明很重要。) discovery指发现原本存在但未被知道的东西。 The discovery of America was a big event.(美洲的发现是一件大事。) 2、camera 词义:① camera作可数名词,意为“照相机;摄像机”。 She took photos with her camera.(她用相机拍了照片。) 固定搭配:① take a photo with a camera(用相机拍照) He took a photo with his camera.(他用相机拍了一张照片。) ② digital camera(数码相机) 3、itself 词义:① itself作反身代词,意为“它自己;它本身”。 The problem itself is not difficult.(问题本身并不难。) 固定搭配:① by itself(独自;自动地) The door opened by itself.(门自动开了。) ② in itself(本身;本质上) The idea is good in itself.(这个想法本身是好的。) 词形变化:it pron. 它 its adj. 它的 itself pron. 它自己 4、hundreds (of ...) 词义:① hundreds of ...意为“数百的;成百上千的”,后接可数名词复数。 Hundreds of students took part in the activity.(数百名学生参加了这次活动。) ② hundred前有具体数字时,用单数,不加of。 Two hundred students came to the meeting.(两百名学生来参加了会议。) 固定搭配:① hundreds of(数百;成百上千) Hundreds of people visit the park every day.(每天有数百人参观这个公园。) ② two/three/... hundred(两百/三百……) There are three hundred students in our grade.(我们年级有三百名学生。) ③ several hundred(几百) Several hundred birds flew over the lake.(几百只鸟飞过湖面。) 易混淆词:① hundreds of与two hundred hundreds of表示不确定的数百。 Hundreds of people came.(数百人来了。) two hundred表示具体两百。 Two hundred people came.(两百人来了。) 5、printer 词义:① printer作可数名词,意为“打印机”。 Please connect the printer to the computer.(请把打印机连接到电脑上。) ② printer作可数名词,意为“印刷工;印刷商”。 He works as a printer in a factory.(他在一家工厂当印刷工。) 固定搭配:① print out(打印出来) Please print out the document.(请把文件打印出来。) 词形变化:print v. 打印;印刷 printer n. 打印机 printing n. 印刷 6、produce 词义:① produce作动词,意为“生产;制造;产生”。 This factory produces cars.(这家工厂生产汽车。) ② produce作不可数名词,意为“农产品”。 The farmer sells fresh produce.(农民出售新鲜农产品。) 固定搭配:① produce goods(生产商品) ② produce a result(产生结果) The experiment produced a good result.(实验产生了好的结果。) 词形变化:product n. 产品 production n. 生产 producer n. 生产者 易混淆词:① produce与product produce是动词,意为“生产”。 They produce shoes.(他们生产鞋子。) product是名词,意为“产品”。 Their products are popular.(他们的产品很受欢迎。) 7、plastic 词义:① plastic作不可数名词,意为“塑料”。 This bottle is made of plastic.(这个瓶子是用塑料做的。) ② plastic作形容词,意为“塑料的”。 I bought a plastic bag.(我买了一个塑料袋。) 固定搭配:① plastic bag(塑料袋) ② plastic pollution(塑料污染) ③ made of plastic(由塑料制成) The toy is made of plastic.(这个玩具是塑料做的。) 8、invent 词义:① invent作动词,意为“发明;创造”。 He invented a new game.(他发明了一个新游戏。) 固定搭配:① invent sth.(发明某物) Who invented the telephone?(谁发明了电话?) 词形变化:invention n. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 易混淆词: ① invent与discover invent指发明原本不存在的东西。 He invented a new machine.(他发明了一台新机器。) discover指发现原本存在的东西。 Columbus discovered America.(哥伦布发现了美洲。) 9、suppose 词义:① suppose作动词,意为“猜想;认为;假设”。 Suppose you are a teacher, what will you do?(假设你是一名老师,你会怎么做?) ② suppose用于be supposed to结构,意为“应该”。 You are supposed to finish your homework on time.(你应该按时完成作业。) 固定搭配: ① I suppose (that)...(我想/我认为……) I suppose that she will come.(我想她会来。) ② be supposed to do/ be sth We are supposed to be quiet in the library.(我们在图书馆应该保持安静。) be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事;被期望做某事”。 Students are supposed to hand in homework on time.(学生应该按时交作业。) You are not supposed to run in the hallways.(你不应该在走廊里跑。) be supposed to be sth.意为“应该是某物;被认为是某物”。 This is supposed to be the best film of the year.(这应该是今年最好的电影。) 词形变化:supposed adj. 应该的;假定的 易错点: be supposed to中to后接动词原形。否定在be后加not。疑问把be提前。 10、wheel 词义:① wheel作可数名词,意为“轮子;车轮”。 The car has four wheels.(汽车有四个轮子。) 11、tourism 词义:① tourism作不可数名词,意为“旅游业;旅游”。 Tourism is important to our city.(旅游业对我们城市很重要。) 固定搭配:① tourism industry(旅游业) The tourism industry is growing fast.(旅游业发展迅速。) ② develop tourism(发展旅游业) The city is trying to develop tourism.(这座城市正在努力发展旅游业。) 词形变化:tour n./v. 旅行 tourist n. 游客 tourism n. 旅游业 12、reality 词义:① reality作不可数名词,意为“现实;实际情况”。 We must face reality.(我们必须面对现实。) ② reality作可数名词,意为“现实事物;事实”。 His dream became a reality.(他的梦想变成了现实。) 固定搭配:① in reality(实际上;事实上) In reality, he is very kind.(实际上,他很善良。) ② become a reality(成为现实) Her wish became a reality.(她的愿望成了现实。) ③ face reality(面对现实) You should face reality and work hard.(你应该面对现实,努力工作。) 词形变化:real adj. 真实的 really adv. 真正地 13、responsible 词义:① responsible作形容词,意为“有责任的;负责的;有责任心的”。 He is responsible for the project.(他负责这个项目。) She is a responsible student.(她是一个有责任心的学生。) 固定搭配:① be responsible for sth.(对某事负责) You are responsible for your own study.(你要对自己的学习负责。) ② be responsible to sb.(对某人负责) Teachers are responsible to the school.(老师对学校负责。) ③ a responsible person(有责任心的人) 词形变化:responsibility n. 责任 responsibly adv. 负责地 易混淆词:① be responsible for与be responsible to be responsible for表示“对某事负责”或“是……的原因”。 He is responsible for the mistake.(他对这个错误负责。) be responsible to表示“对某人负责”。 You are responsible to your parents.(你对父母负责。) 14、rapid 词义: ① rapid作形容词,意为“快速的;迅速的”。 She made rapid progress in English.(她的英语进步很快。) 固定搭配:① rapid development(快速发展) ② rapid progress(快速进步) ③ rapid growth(快速增长) 词形变化:rapidly adv. 快速地 rapidity n. 迅速 易混淆词: ① rapid与fast rapid强调速度快,常用于发展、变化。 There is rapid change.(变化很快。) fast强调移动速度快。 He runs fast.(他跑得快。) ② rapid与quick rapid强调过程迅速。 He made rapid progress.(他进步迅速。) quick强调动作敏捷。 She gave a quick answer.(她快速回答。) 15、shape 词义:① shape作可数名词,意为“形状;外形”。 The cake is in the shape of a heart.(蛋糕是心形的。) ②shape作动词,意为“塑造;使成形”。 Parents shape their children's character.(父母塑造孩子的性格。) 固定搭配:① in the shape of(以……的形状) She made a cake in the shape of a star.(她做了一个星星形状的蛋糕。) ② take shape(成形;形成) The plan is taking shape.(计划正在成形。) ③ out of shape(变形;身体不好) My bike is out of shape.(我的自行车变形了。) ④ shape ... into ...(把……塑造成……) He shaped the clay into a bowl.(他把黏土塑成碗。) 词形变化:shaped adj. 有……形状的 shapeless adj. 无形状的 16、stone 词义:① stone作可数名词,意为“石头;石块”。 He threw a stone into the river.(他把一块石头扔进河里。) 固定搭配:① kill two birds with one stone(一石二鸟;一举两得) By studying English and making friends, you kill two birds with one stone.(通过学英语和交朋友,你一举两得。) ② leave no stone unturned(想尽一切办法) The police left no stone unturned to find the lost child.(警方想尽办法寻找失踪的孩子。) 易混淆词:① stone与rock stone通常指小块石头或石料。 There are many stones on the beach.(海滩上有许多小石头。) rock通常指大块岩石。 The ship hit a rock.(船撞上了岩石。) 17、expensive 词义:① expensive作形容词,意为“昂贵的;价格高的”。 The trip was expensive but enjoyable.(这次旅行很贵,但很愉快。) 固定搭配:① be expensive for sb.(对某人来说昂贵) The bike is too expensive for a student.(这辆自行车对学生来说太贵了。) ② it is expensive to do sth.(做某事很花钱) It is expensive to travel abroad.(出国旅行很花钱。) 易混淆词: ① expensive与dear expensive指价格高,较正式。 The car is expensive.(这辆车很贵。) dear在英式口语中也可指“贵的”,但还有“亲爱的”之意。 That shop is a bit dear.(那家店有点贵。) 词形变化:① expense n. 费用;花费 ② expensively adv. 昂贵地 18、officer 词义:① officer作可数名词,意为“军官;官员;警官”。 My uncle is an army officer.(我叔叔是一名军官。) 固定搭配:① police officer(警官;警察) The police officer stopped the car.(警官拦下了那辆车。) ② army officer(军官) He wants to be an army officer.(他想成为一名军官。) ③ customs officer(海关官员) The customs officer checked our bags.(海关官员检查了我们的包。) 易混淆词: ① officer与official officer多指军官、警官等穿制服的人员。 The officer gave an order.(军官下达了命令。) official多指政府官员、官方人员。 He is a government official.(他是一名政府官员。) 词形变化:① office n. 办公室 ② official adj. 官方的;正式的 n. 官员 ③ officer的复数形式为officers。 19、none 词义:① none作代词,意为“没有一个;毫无”。 None of the students was late.(没有一个学生迟到。) I have none.(我一个也没有。) 固定搭配: ① none of ...(……中没有一个) None of the books is interesting.(这些书没有一本有趣。) ② second to none(首屈一指;无人能比) Her English is second to none in our class.(她的英语在我们班首屈一指。) 易混淆词:① none与no one none既可指人也可指物,常与of连用。 None of us was/were late.(我们没人迟到。) no one只指人,不与of连用,谓语用单数。 No one knows the answer.(没人知道答案。) ② none与neither none指三者或三者以上“都不”。 None of the three boys came.(三个男孩都没来。) neither指两者“都不”。 Neither of the two boys came.(两个男孩都没来。) 20、certain 词义:① certain作形容词,意为“确定的;确信的”。 She is certain of success.(她确信会成功。) ② certain作形容词或代词,意为“某些;某个”。 Certain students were absent.(某些学生缺席了。) A certain teacher called you.(某位老师给你打了电话。) 固定搭配: ① be certain of/about(对……确信) He is certain of winning the game.(他确信会赢得比赛。) ② for certain(肯定地;确切地) I don't know for certain.(我不确切知道。) ③ a certain + 单数名词(某个) A certain boy is waiting for you.(某个男孩在等你。) 词形变化:① certainly adv. 当然;肯定地 ② certainty n. 确定性;确定的事 21、suitable 词义:① suitable作形容词,意为“合适的;适宜的”。 This book is suitable for children.(这本书适合儿童。) The time is suitable for a picnic.(这个时间适合野餐。) 固定搭配:① be suitable for sb./sth.(适合某人/某物) The film is not suitable for young children.(这部电影不适合小孩子。) 易混淆词: ① suitable与fit suitable指适合某种目的、场合或人。 The dress is suitable for the party.(这条裙子适合派对。) fit指尺寸、大小合身。 These shoes fit me well.(这双鞋很合脚。) 词形变化:① suit v. 适合 ② suitably adv. 合适地 22、cheap 词义:① cheap作形容词,意为“便宜的;廉价的”。 These shoes are very cheap.(这双鞋很便宜。) 固定搭配:① cheap and cheerful(物美价廉) The restaurant is cheap and cheerful.(这家餐馆物美价廉。) ② dirt cheap(非常便宜) The clothes were dirt cheap in the sale.(促销时衣服非常便宜。) ③ on the cheap(便宜地;省钱地) They traveled on the cheap.(他们省钱旅行。) 词形变化:① cheaply adv. 便宜地 ② cheapness n. 便宜 易错点: ① 修饰price时用low,不用cheap。 23、later on 词义:① later on意为“后来;以后;稍后”。 Later on, he became a doctor.(后来他成了一名医生。) I will tell you later on.(我稍后告诉你。) 固定搭配: ① a little later on(稍晚一点) We can discuss it a little later on.(我们可以稍晚一点讨论这件事。) 易混淆词: ① later on与later later on是副词短语,强调“后来”。 Later on, she changed her mind.(后来她改变了主意。) later可作副词,意为“后来;稍后”,也可作形容词“更晚的”。 See you later.(待会儿见。) ② later on与after after可作介词或连词,后面要接宾语或句子。 After dinner, we went out.(晚饭后我们出去了。) later on独立作状语,后面不接宾语。 易错点: ① later on是副词短语,作状语,不能作定语。 24、speed up 词义:① speed up意为“加快速度;加速”。 Please speed up, or we will be late.(请快点,否则我们会迟到。) 固定搭配:① speed up the process(加快进程) We need to speed up the process.(我们需要加快进程。) 易混淆词: ① speed up与hurry up speed up多指车辆、机器、进程加速。 The car sped up.(汽车加速了。) hurry up多指人赶快。 Hurry up! The bus is coming.(快点!公交车来了。) 易错点: ① speed up是“动词+副词”短语,接代词作宾语时,代词放中间,如speed it up。 25、result in 词义: result in意为“导致;造成”,in是介词,后接名词或动名词。 The accident resulted in three injuries.(这起事故导致三人受伤。) The mistake resulted in losing the game.(这个错误导致输掉了比赛。) 易混淆词:① result in与result from result in后接结果,意为“导致”。 The storm resulted in a lot of damage.(暴风雨造成了很多损失。) result from后接原因,意为“由……造成”。 The damage resulted from the storm.(损失是由暴风雨造成的。) ② result in与lead to result in和lead to都可表示“导致”,常可互换。 The rain resulted in/led to a flood.(大雨导致了洪水。) 26、lead to 词义:① lead to意为“导致;造成”。 Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.(吃太多糖会导致健康问题。) ② lead to意为“通向;通往”。 This road leads to the park.(这条路通向公园。) ③ lead to意为“引领;带领到”。 The teacher led us to the library.(老师带我们去了图书馆。) 固定搭配: ① lead to sth.(导致某事) Smoking can lead to serious illnesses.(吸烟会导致严重疾病。) ② lead to doing sth.(导致做某事) His carelessness led to losing the match.(他的粗心导致输掉了比赛。) ③ lead sb. to do sth.(导致某人做某事) What led you to choose this school?(是什么导致你选择这所学校?) 易混淆词: ① lead to与cause cause直接接结果,意为“引起”。 The rain caused a flood.(大雨引起了洪水。) lead to强调过程或结果。 The rain led to a flood.(大雨导致了洪水。) 易错点: ① lead to中to是介词,后接名词或动名词,不接动词原形。 27、birth 词义: ① birth作名词,意为“出生;诞生;起源;开始”。 The birth of the baby made the family happy.(婴儿的出生让全家高兴。) The birth of the Internet changed the world.(互联网的诞生改变了世界。) 固定搭配:① give birth to(生下;产生) She gave birth to a healthy boy.(她生下一个健康的男孩。) ② date of birth(出生日期) Please write your date of birth here.(请在这里写下你的出生日期。) ③ at birth(出生时) The baby weighed three kilos at birth.(婴儿出生时重三公斤。) 词形变化: birthday n. 生日 28、rapidly 词义: ① rapidly作副词,意为“快速地;迅速地”。 He ran rapidly to catch the bus.(他快速跑去赶公交车。) 固定搭配:① rapidly growing(快速增长的) ② rapidly changing(快速变化的) ③ increase rapidly(快速增加) 词形变化:① rapid adj. 快速的 29、afford 词义:① afford作动词,意为“买得起;负担得起;承担得起”。 Can you afford to buy a new phone?(你买得起新手机吗?) 固定搭配:① afford sth.(买得起某物) We can't afford a new car.(我们买不起新车。) ② afford to do sth.(负担得起做某事) He can't afford to travel abroad.(他负担不起出国旅行。) ③ can't afford to do sth.(不能承担做某事的后果) You can't afford to waste time.(你不能浪费时间。) 词形变化:① affordable adj. 负担得起的 30、company 词义:① company作可数名词,意为“公司”。 My father works in a big company.(我爸爸在一家大公司工作。) ② company作不可数名词,意为“陪伴;同伴”。 I enjoy your company.(我喜欢你的陪伴。) 固定搭配:① keep sb. company(陪伴某人) I will keep you company.(我会陪你。) ② in company with(与……一起) He came in company with his friends.(他和朋友们一起来的。) 易混淆词:① company与firm company泛指公司。 He works for a big company.(他在一家大公司工作。) firm多指小公司或事务所。 She works for a law firm.(她在一家律师事务所工作。) 词形变化:① company作“公司”讲时复数为companies。 ② accompany v. 陪伴 31、production 词义:① production作不可数名词,意为“生产;制造”。 The production of cars has increased.(汽车产量增加了。) ② production作可数名词,意为“作品;演出”。 This is a famous production.(这是一部著名作品。) 固定搭配:① in production(在生产中) The new model is now in production.(新款正在生产中。) ② production line(生产线) He works on the production line.(他在生产线上工作。) 易混淆词:① production与product production指“生产”或“产量”。 The production of rice increased.(大米产量增加了。) product指“产品”。 Their products are popular.(他们的产品很受欢迎。) ② production与produce produce作动词,意为“生产”。 They produce cars.(他们生产汽车。) 词形变化:① produce v. 生产 ② product n. 产品 32、widely 词义:① widely作副词,意为“广泛地;普遍地”。 The news spread widely.(消息广泛传播。) 固定搭配:① widely known(广为人知) The Great Wall is widely known.(长城广为人知。) ② widely used(广泛使用) ③ widely spread(广泛传播) 易混淆词: ① widely与wide widely表示“广泛地”,多用于抽象意义。 English is widely used.(英语被广泛使用。) wide作副词时,常表示“充分地张开”。 Open your mouth wide.(把嘴张大。) ② widely与wide作形容词 wide是形容词,意为“宽的”。 The river is wide.(这条河很宽。) 词形变化:① wide adj. 宽的;广泛的 ② widely adv. 广泛地 ③ width n. 宽度 33、be looking to do sth 词义:① be looking to do sth.意为“打算做某事;期望做某事;正寻求做某事”。 We are looking to improve our English.(我们打算提高英语水平。) The company is looking to hire new workers.(公司正寻求招聘新员工。) 固定搭配: be looking to sb. for sth.(指望某人给予某物) We are looking to you for help.(我们指望你帮忙。) 易混淆短语:① be looking to do sth.与look forward to doing sth. be looking to do sth.表示“打算、寻求做某事”,to后接动词原形。 We are looking to start a club.(我们打算创办一个俱乐部。) look forward to doing sth.表示“期待做某事”,to是介词,后接动名词。 I look forward to seeing you.(我期待见到你。) 易错点: ① be looking to do sth.中to后接动词原形,不要与look forward to doing sth.混淆。be looking to中的to是不定式符号,不是介词。 单元单词、短语用法练习 一、根据提示填写单词 1.We should use fewer p________ bags to protect the environment. 【答案】plastic 【详解】句意:我们应该少用塑料袋来保护环境。根据首字母p和“bags”可知,此处用形容词plastic修饰bags,意为“塑料的”。fewer后接可数名词复数,plastic形式不变。故填plastic。 2.You are s________ to finish your homework on time. 【答案】supposed 【详解】句意:你应该按时完成作业。根据首字母s和“are...to”可知,此处用固定搭配be supposed to do,意为“应该做某事”。be后接过去分词supposed。故填supposed。 3.He turned the w________ to change the direction. 【答案】wheel 【详解】句意:他转动轮子来改变方向。根据首字母w和“turned the”可知,此处指轮子。wheel是可数名词,the后接单数形式。故填wheel。 4.In r________, things are not always perfect. 【答案】reality 【详解】句意:实际上,事情并不总是完美的。根据首字母r和“In...things are”可知,此处用固定短语in reality,意为“实际上;事实上”。reality为名词,形式不变。故填reality。 5.Who is r________ for this mistake? 【答案】responsible 【详解】句意:谁对这个错误负责?根据首字母r和“for this mistake”可知,此处用固定搭配be responsible for。Who作主语时,be动词用is,后接形容词responsible。故填responsible。 6.The river has a r________ flow after the heavy rain. 【答案】rapid 【详解】句意:大雨后河流流速很快。根据首字母r和“flow”可知,此处用形容词rapid修饰flow,意为“迅速的”。a后接形容词原级加名词。故填rapid。 7.The cloud has the s________ of a horse. 【答案】shape 【详解】句意:那朵云有马的形状。根据首字母s和“the...of a horse”可知,此处用名词shape,意为“形状”。固定搭配the shape of意为“……的形状”,the后接单数。故填shape。 8.He picked up a small s________ and threw it into the river. 【答案】stone 【详解】句意:他捡起一块小石头,把它扔进了河里。根据首字母s和“a small”可知,此处指石头。stone是可数名词,a small后接单数形式。故填stone。 9.People have made many important ________(发明) in history. 【答案】inventions 【详解】句意:人们在历史上做出了许多重要发明。汉语“发明”对应 invention,many 后接可数名词复数,且 make inventions 表示“做出发明”,此处指多项发明,所以用 inventions。故填 inventions。 10.There are two ________(照相机) on the table. 【答案】cameras 【详解】句意:桌子上有两台照相机。汉语“照相机”对应 camera,two 后接可数名词复数,camera 的复数是 cameras。故填 cameras。 11.The little robot can clean the room by ________(它自己). 【答案】itself 【详解】句意:这个小机器人能自己打扫房间。汉语“它自己”对应 itself,主语 The little robot 是单数,by itself 表示“靠自己”。故填 itself。 12.These farms ________(生产) milk and eggs. 【答案】produce 【详解】句意:这些农场生产牛奶和鸡蛋。汉语“生产”对应 produce,主语 These farms 是复数,句子陈述一般事实,用一般现在时,动词用原形 produce。故填 produce。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 13.The telephone was a great ________ (invent). 【答案】invention 【详解】句意:电话是一项伟大的发明。括号给的invent是动词“发明”;空格前有a great,需要名词作表语;invent的名词形式是invention,意为“发明”。故填invention。 14.The cat can open the door by ________ (it). 【答案】itself 【详解】句意:这只猫能自己打开门。括号给的it是代词“它”;by oneself是固定搭配,意为“独自;自己”;it的反身代词是itself。故填itself。 15.There is something wrong with my ________ (print). 【答案】printer 【详解】句意:我的打印机出毛病了。括号给的print是动词“打印”;my后接名词,表示“打印机”;print的名词形式是printer。故填printer。 16.These ________ (produce) are made in China. 【答案】products 【详解】句意:这些产品是中国制造的。括号给的produce是动词“生产”;These后接可数名词复数,表示“产品”;produce的名词形式是product,复数是products。故填products。 17.You are ________ (suppose) to wear a seat belt in the car. 【答案】supposed 【详解】句意:在车里你应该系安全带。括号给的suppose是动词“认为”;be supposed to是固定搭配,意为“应该”;空格处用过去分词supposed作表语。故填supposed。 18.Many ________ (tourism) visit Beijing every year. 【答案】tourists 【详解】句意:每年许多游客参观北京。括号给的tourism是名词“旅游业”;Many后接可数名词复数,表示“游客”;tourism的相关名词是tourist,复数是tourists。故填tourists。 19.He ran ________ (rapid) to catch the bus. 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意:他迅速跑着去赶公交车。括号给的rapid是形容词“迅速的”;空格修饰动词ran,需要副词;rapid的副词形式是rapidly,意为“迅速地”。故填rapidly。 20.The film is not ________ (suit) for children. 【答案】suitable 【详解】句意:这部电影不适合儿童。括号给的suit是动词“适合”;is后接形容词作表语,be suitable for意为“适合”;suit的形容词形式是suitable。故填suitable。 三、单项选择 21.The telephone is a great ________. It changed our life. A.invention B.invitation C.instruction D.introduction 【答案】A 【详解】句意:电话是一项伟大的发明。它改变了我们的生活。invention发明;invitation邀请;instruction指示;introduction介绍。根据“telephone”和“changed our life”可知电话是改变生活的伟大发明,不是邀请、指示或介绍。故选A。 22.It's sunny today. You'd better wear your ________. A.sunglasses B.gloves C.shoes D.hats 【答案】A 【详解】句意:今天阳光充足。你最好戴上你的墨镜。sunglasses墨镜;gloves手套;shoes鞋;hats帽子。根据“sunny”可知阳光强,需要戴墨镜保护眼睛,手套、鞋和帽子不直接防阳光刺眼。故选A。 23.The door opened by ________. No one pushed it. A.itself B.myself C.yourself D.himself 【答案】A 【详解】句意:门自己开了。没有人推它。itself它自己;myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己。主语“door”是物,用it指代,by itself表示“自己、独自地”。其他反身代词人称不符。故选A。 24.The toy is made of ________. It is light and cheap. A.plastic B.gold C.iron D.stone 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个玩具是用塑料制成的。它又轻又便宜。plastic塑料;gold金子;iron铁;stone石头。根据“light and cheap”可知塑料轻便便宜,金子、铁和石头较重或昂贵。故选A。 25.Many people visit Beijing, so ________ is important there. A.tourism B.industry C.agriculture D.education 【答案】A 【详解】句意:许多人参观北京,所以旅游业在那里很重要。tourism旅游业;industry工业;agriculture农业;education教育。根据“Many people visit Beijing”可知与游客相关的是旅游业,不是工业、农业或教育。故选A。 26.We should be ________ for our own actions. A.responsible B.excited C.interested D.surprised 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们应该对自己的行为负责。responsible有责任的;excited兴奋的;interested感兴趣的;surprised惊讶的。根据“our own actions”可知要对自己的行为负责,be responsible for是固定搭配。故选A。 27.This watch is very ________. I can't afford it. A.cheap B.expensive C.heavy D.old 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这块手表很贵。我买不起。cheap便宜的;expensive昂贵的;heavy重的;old旧的。根据“I can't afford it”可知买不起是因为价格高,不是便宜、重或旧。应填expensive。故选B。 28.There are ______ students in our school who take part in the volunteer work every year. A.hundreds of B.hundred of C.two hundreds D.hundreds 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们学校每年有许多学生参加志愿工作。hundreds of 许多;hundred of 搭配错误;two hundreds 应改为 two hundred;hundreds 不能直接修饰名词。根据 students 和 every year 可知表示大量学生,应选 hundreds of。正确答案是A。 29.The train began to ______ as it left the busy city and moved into the open country. A.speed up B.slow down C.give up D.get up 【答案】A 【详解】句意:火车离开繁忙城市进入开阔乡村时开始加速。speed up 加速;slow down 减速;give up 放弃;get up 起床。根据 left the busy city 和 moved into the open country 可知火车加速,应选 speed up。正确答案是A。 30.Careless driving may ______ serious traffic accidents, so we must be careful on the road. A.result in B.result from C.lead in D.take in 【答案】A 【详解】句意:粗心驾驶可能导致严重交通事故,所以我们在路上必须小心。result in 导致;result from 由……引起;lead in 引入;take in 吸收或欺骗。根据 careless driving 和 accidents 的因果关系可知,粗心驾驶导致事故,应选 result in。正确答案是A。 31.Staying up late every night can ________ poor grades and health problems. A. lead to B. lead for C. lead with D. lead at 【答案】A。 【详解】句意:每晚熬夜会导致成绩差和健康问题。A lead to表示导致、造成;B lead for、C lead with、D lead at搭配错误。根据Staying up late和poor grades的因果,应选lead to。故选A。 32.Many young people are looking to ________ their own business after they leave college. A. start B. starting C. started D. starts 【答案】A。 【详解】句意:许多年轻人大学毕业后正试图开创自己的生意。A start是动词原形;B starting是动名词;C started是过去式;D starts是三单。be looking to do sth中to后接动词原形,表示试图找到做某事的方法。故选A。 四、根据汉语提示完成句子。 33.我认为互联网是一项伟大的发明,它改变了我们的生活方式。 I think the Internet is ________ ________ ________, and it has changed our way of life. 【答案】 a great invention 【详解】原句中“一项伟大的发明”是关键词,对应a great invention。I think后接宾语从句,the Internet作从句主语,is为系动词,a great invention作表语;a修饰单数可数名词invention,great作定语。故填a;great;invention。 34.这台新机器可以独自工作,并在没有别人操作的情况下完成整个任务。 This new machine can work ________ ________ and finish the whole task without anyone operating it. 【答案】 by itself 【详解】原句中“独自”是关键词,对应by itself。by itself作状语,修饰work;and连接work和finish两个动词原形。without anyone operating it表示没有别人操作。故填by;itself。 35.我在桌子上发现了一个塑料袋,里面有一些苹果。 I found ________ ________ ________ on the table with some apples in it. 【答案】 a plastic bag 【详解】原句中“一个塑料袋”是关键词,对应a plastic bag。found后接宾语,a plastic bag表示一个塑料袋;a修饰bag,plastic作定语。with some apples in it作后置定语。故填a;plastic;bag。 36.你不应该在图书馆里大声说话,因为其他人正在阅读。 You ________ ________ ________ to speak loudly in the library because others are reading. 【答案】 are not supposed 【详解】原句中“不应该”是关键词,对应be not supposed to do sth。主语You,be动词用are;not表示否定;supposed为过去分词,后面to speak已给出。because引导原因状语从句。故填are;not;supposed。 37.司机应该时刻对乘客的安全负责。 Drivers should ________ ________ ________ the safety of their passengers at all times. 【答案】 be responsible for 【详解】原句中“对……负责”是关键词,对应be responsible for。should后接动词原形be;responsible作表语,for后接the safety of their passengers。at all times作时间状语。故填be;responsible;for。 38.好习惯可以塑造一个人的生活,并帮助他将来成功。 Good habits can ________ ________ ________ and help him succeed in the future. 【答案】 shape his life 【详解】原句中“塑造一个人的生活”是关键词,对应shape one's life。can后接动词原形shape;one's根据后文him变为his;life作宾语。and连接shape和help两个动词原形。故填shape;his;life。 39.起初他讨厌英语,但后来他爱上了它。 At first he hated English, but ________ ________ he fell in love with it. 【答案】 later on 【详解】原句中“后来”是关键词,对应later on。later on作时间状语,表示后来、其后;but连接转折分句。he fell in love with it为一般过去时,表示后来爱上了英语。故填later;on。 40.许多公司正在试图找到以更好方式降低成本的方法。 Many companies are ________ ________ reduce their costs in a better way. 【答案】 looking to 【详解】原句中“试图找到做某事的方法”是关键词,对应be looking to do sth。are后接looking,构成现在进行时;to后接动词原形reduce。their costs作宾语,in a better way作方式状语。故填looking;to。 $

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Unit 5 Power of Ideas 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit 5 Power of Ideas 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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Unit 5 Power of Ideas 单元重点单词、短语用法讲练-2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册
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