专题02 语法填空 （期中复习讲义）高一英语上学期北师大版

专题02 语法填空（期中复习讲义） 语法填空通过语篇测试考生的语言知识与技能，在完整、真实、综合的语境中多角度考查考生运用语言知识理解语篇的能力。因此，考生要在掌握语法知识的基础上，灵活分辨时态和语态，掌握词性转换及名词、冠词、代词及连词的用法，确保语法填空得满分。 有提示词 01动词 根据句法结构，如果一个句子中出现多个动词，动词的形式有三种情况： 解题技巧 如何判定作谓语动词还是非谓语动词 1．(2025·全国一卷)“A decent winner主语 always ____________ (try) to beat the opponent宾语 by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side．” 【解析】根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语A decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用第三人称单数。 【答案】tries 2．(2025·全国一卷)“We hope谓语 ____________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate并列谓语 dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism．” 【解析】本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth．意为“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词不定式作宾语。 【答案】to present 高频考点一　谓语动词 (一)动词的时态——“4技法”轻松破题 技法1 寻找时间状语 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years，时态标志词 some supermarkets ____________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份)． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a little girl，表示过去 I ____________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up． Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English． 3．(2023·北京卷)Up to now，时态标志词 China ____________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves． 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____________ (be) previously表示过去 unprotected． 1.【解析】根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。 【答案】have started。 2.【解析】分析句子结构可知，该空作主句的谓语。根据空前的“As a little girl”和空后的“when I grew up． Now, I'm living out that dream”可知，空处讲的是作者小时候的愿望，时态应用一般过去时。 【答案】wished。 3.【解析】根据“Up to now”可知，此处应用现在完成时。 【答案】has established。 4.【解析】根据previously可知，用一般过去时；且从句主语that指代areas(复数)。 【答案】were。 技法2 依据前后一致 1．(2024·全国甲卷)They ____________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent过去完成时 almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there． 2．(2023·浙江1月卷改编)The adult bees were一般过去时 angry and ____________ (keep) attacking as Ziyad escaped from一般过去时 the tree． 1.【解析】根据空格后的had spent可知，此处用一般过去时，根据主语They可确定答案。 【答案】were。 2.【解析】分析句子结构可知，该空作谓语。根据空前的were angry以及并列连词and可知，此处时态应用一般过去时。 【答案】kept。 技法3 利用固定句式 1．It is the first time that固定句式 Chinese astronauts aboard the space station ____________ (see) the visit of a crewed spaceship, according to the CMSA． 2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he并列连词 heard the screams． 3．I say to him with a cheerful smile，“Go to exercise and you祈使句＋and＋陈述句 　　　　 (feel) better．” 1.【解析】It is the first time that...为固定句型，that从句中常用现在完成时，根据从句主语 Chinese astronauts 是复数可确定答案。 【答案】have seen。 2.【解析】此处是固定句型was/were doing sth． when...(正在做某事这时……)。主语是Henry，be动词应用was。 【答案】was fixing。 3.【解析】根据“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型可知，陈述句用一般将来时。 【答案】will feel。 [名师点津]常见的固定句式 1．Sb． was/were doing...when...＋一般过去时． 2．Sb． was/were about to do...when...＋一般过去时． 3．This/That/It is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时． 4．This/That/It was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时． 　 5．No sooner had＋主语＋done...than...＋一般过去时． 6．Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done...when...＋一般过去时． 7．It will be＋时间段＋before...＋一般现在时． 8．It's (high) time that sb．did/should do sth． 9．It is/has been＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时． 技法4 借助语境暗示 1．(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ____________ (mean) there is always一般现在时 something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years． 2．(2022·全国乙卷)To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the一般过去时 Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday．时间状语 The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ____________ (address) the opening ceremony． 1.【解析】分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，根据从句中的is可知，用一般现在时，且此处的主语中心词是development，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 【答案】means。 2.【解析】 分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，根据上句中的时间状语on Thursday和谓语动词took place可知，本句用一般过去时。 【答案】addressed。 (二)动词的语态——用逻辑关系把好方向 技法 利用逻辑关系判断语态 1．(2025·全国一卷)“The players' personalities ____________ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to一般现在时 the opponent，” she adds． 2．(2025·八省联考)Every language is worthy of respect and should情态动词 ____________ (treat) equally． 【解析】1．根据句中的are exposed to可知，用一般现在时，主语The players' personalities与动词reveal为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 【答案】are revealed。 【解析】2．分析句子结构可知，treat与主语Every language之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词should后应用动词原形。 【答案】be treated。 (三)主谓一致——“2技法”解决考点 技法1 利用语法一致原则 1．(2025·全国二卷)And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times． The “sunshine scent (香味)”主语 of freshly sunned clothes ____________ (be) one of them． 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)The concept主语 ____________ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off． 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some of the things主语 that Tang was writing about ____________ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns． 1．【解析】本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)”为第三人称单数，根据语法一致可得知答案。 【答案】is。 2． 【解析】系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 【答案】is。 3． 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处作句子谓语，主语为“Some of the things”，是复数概念，且根据上下文语境可知，空处应用一般过去时。 【答案】were。 技法2 就近/远一致原则 1．(2021·北京卷)There ____________there be结构　 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past时间状语 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations． 2．The musician along with his band members ____________ (give) ten performances in the last three months时间状语． 3．Four classical plays主语， including The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (update) and restored in the past few years时间状语 ． 1．【解析】根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知应用现在完成时。there be结构应遵循就近一致原则，根据a dramatic rise可知应用单数形式。 【答案】has______been。 2． 【解析】根据in the last three months可知，应用现在完成时；A along with B作主语时，谓语动词的数由A决定，即遵循就远原则。 【答案】has given。 3． 【解析】根据时间状语in the past few years可知，应用现在完成时；分析句子结构可知，句子主语Four classical plays 为复数名词，且和update之间为被动关系。 【答案】have been updated。 [名师点津] 1．由neither...nor...、 either...or...、 not only...but also...、 not...but...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要和位置最近的主语保持一致； 2．由there、 here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和邻近的主语保持一致； 3．主语后跟有with、 together with、 as well as、 like、 but、 except、 along with、 rather than、 including、 in addition to等引导的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025·黑龙江协作体模拟)Renowned for its Quaternary volcanic landforms, the park, spanning 2，723 square kilometres, features (feature) giant compound volcanic cones, ancient eruptions and their deposits, and the splendid Tianchi Lake． 2．He feels that neat handwriting is (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also with old-fashioned fountain pens． 3．(2025·广东名校联盟联考)“Growing tasty and healthy food has been (be) my dream since I was a teenager． I know how challenging it can be, but if you take the soil seriously, I believe it will pay off，” Guo says． 4．(2025·湖北武汉常青联合体联考)The horse-face skirt originated (originate) in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty due to its functionality and artistic style． 5．(2025·湖南湖湘教育三新探索协作体联考)Mrs Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession． Before I joined her class, I had doubted (doubt) my ability as a writer． She persuaded me to join the poetry society and lit a fire in me for literature． 6．(2025·河南九校联盟联考)Clothes have developed (develop) from previous practical belongings to today's social markers: they affect the way we see ourselves． 7．(2025·河北邢台四校质检联盟联考)Since ancient times, strong connections between the Chinese and the Turkish people have been built (build) by cultural exchanges along the Silk Road． 8．(2025·江西赣州八校协作体联考)This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers are planted (plant)，providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments． 9．(2025·重庆乌江新高考协作体联考)In each corner of the Forbidden City, lifelike dragons in various shapes can be seen (see), both showcasing delicate craftsmanship and carrying deep historical and cultural significance． 10．(2025·辽宁五校协作体联考)“Stamp collecting has added more meaning to my travels． Turning the pages of those notebooks feels (feel) somewhat like looking at photos，” she said． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·广东汕头二模) Chinese opera, a special mix of music, dance, and dialogue, stands __1__ a cornerstone of traditional Chinese performing arts． __2__ root of Chinese opera goes back to ancient celebrations and folk dances during the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BCE－256 BCE) and it has developed into many different local styles, each with its own unique charm． The most representative one is Peking Opera, which __3__ (appear) during the Qing Dynasty and is known for its stylized movements, complex face painting, and unique vocal (唱腔) style and __4__ (similar), Chaoju (Teochew Opera), originating from Guangdong province, is famous for its graceful singing and lively performances, often __5__ (feature) stories of local legends and historical events． Chinese opera helps pass down cultural values and traditions, with stories often __6__ (draw) from history and folk stories． The Legend of the White Snake, for instance, tells the story of Bai Suzhen, the white snake spirit, falling in love with a human, through __7__ themes of love and betrayal (背叛) are explored． Costumes and make-up are also __8__ (form) of visual storytelling． Each color and pattern has specific meanings: red symbolizes loyalty (忠诚), while white represents dishonesty． While preserving its heritage, Chinese opera also welcomes modernity． __9__ (engage) modern audience, adaptations combine traditional elements with new themes and technologies, such as multimedia and special effects． This timeless art form continues to develop, reflecting China's cultural __10__ (deep) and social changes． (注：3～5题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国戏曲这一传统表演艺术形式，包括其起源、发展、代表性流派、文化传承作用、艺术表现形式以及在现代社会的创新与发展。 1．as 解析：考查介词。句意：中国戏曲是一种集音乐、舞蹈与对白于一体的独特艺术形式，堪称中国传统表演艺术的基石。由“a cornerstone of traditional Chinese performing arts”可知，句子表示“中国戏曲是一种集音乐、舞蹈与对白于一体的独特艺术形式，堪称中国传统表演艺术的基石”，stand as意为“作为……存在”，故填as。 2．The 解析：考查冠词。句意：中国戏曲的根源可以追溯到周朝(公元前1046年—公元前256年)的古代庆典和民间舞蹈，并发展成许多不同的地方风格，每种风格都有自己独特的魅力。空格处用定冠词特指“中国戏曲的根源”，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填The。 3．appeared 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：最具代表性的是京剧，它出现在清朝，以其程式化的动作、复杂的面部绘画和独特的唱腔风格而闻名……由“during the Qing Dynasty”可知，时态用一般过去时，故填appeared。 4．similarly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：……同样，源自广东省的潮剧(又称潮州戏)也颇具盛名，其唱腔优美婉转，表演生动活泼，常常演绎当地的传说故事与历史事件。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整句话，故填similarly。 5．featuring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语Chaoju和feature之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填featuring。 6．drawn 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国戏曲有助于传承文化价值观和传统，其故事往往取材于历史和民间故事。此处是with复合结构，stories和draw之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填drawn。 7．which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：例如，《白蛇传》讲述了白蛇精白素贞爱上一个人的故事，通过它探索了爱与背叛的主题。此处是“介词＋关系词”引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the story指物，故填which。 8．forms 解析：考查名词复数。句意：服装和化妆也是视觉叙事的形式。由主语Costumes and make-up可知，空格处用复数，故填forms。 9．To engage 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了吸引现代观众，改编将传统元素与新的主题和技术(如多媒体和特效)相结合。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填To engage。 10．depth 解析：考查词性转换。句意：这种永恒的艺术形式不断发展，反映了中国的文化深度和社会变迁。cultural是形容词，修饰名词，故填depth。 难句分析·[原句]第一段末句。 [分析]本句为并列句。originating from Guangdong province为现在分词短语作定语。 [翻译]最具代表性的是京剧，它出现在清朝，以其程式化的动作、复杂的面部绘画和独特的唱腔风格而闻名。同样，源自广东省的潮剧(又称潮州戏)也颇具盛名，其唱腔优美婉转，表演生动活泼，常常演绎当地的传说故事与历史事件。 B A global survey of microplastics reveals they are widespread throughout the water column, which could affect the ocean's ability to absorb carbon． “It's millions and millions of metric tonnes of this stuff throughout the interiors of the ocean，” says Tracy Mincer at Florida Atlantic University． Mincer and his coworkers have reviewed microplastic measurements __1__ (take) over the past decade from nearly 2，000 sites around the world． While most microplastic measurements focused on __2__ surface of the ocean, the data set included__3__ (sample) from a range of depths, including the deepest parts． They found that microplastics have been recorded virtually everywhere people have looked, including the Mariana Trench (海沟), __4__ more than 13，000 microplastic particles (微粒) per cubic metre __5__ (measure) nearly 7 kilometres down． The researchers were __6__ (surprise) to see that the smallest particles are distributed almost __7__ (even) throughout the water column． “We expect __8__ (find) plastics at the bottom of the ocean, and at the top of the ocean, but not everywhere，” says Aron Stubbins at Northeastern University in Massachusetts． They also found that the polymers (聚合物) in these plastics account __9__ a significant percentage of the carbon particles __10__ (float) around． At depths of 2，000 metres, where there is less biological activity than nearer to the surface, they make up as much as 5 per cent of the carbon． (注：2～3，4～5，6～7，9～10题属一个长难句2空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过全球范围内的微塑料调查，揭示了微塑料在海洋水柱中的广泛分布，以及其对海洋吸收碳能力的潜在影响。 1．taken 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Mincer和他的同事们回顾了过去十年里从全球近2 000个地点采集的微塑料测量数据。measurements与take之间是被动关系，应用过去分词taken作后置定语，故填taken。 2．the 解析：考查冠词。句意：虽然大多数微塑料测量都集中在海洋表面，但数据集包括了从不同深度采集的样本，包括最深的部分。此处特指“海洋表面”，应用定冠词the，故填the。 3．samples 解析：考查名词复数。句意同上。sample是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，故填samples。 4．where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，微塑料几乎在人们所查看的每一个地方都有记录，包括马里亚纳海沟，在那里，每立方米测量到的微塑料颗粒超过13 000个，深度接近7千米。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Mariana Trench，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 5．were measured 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语more than 13，000 microplastic particles与measure之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were measured。 6．surprised 解析：考查词性转换。句意：研究人员惊讶地发现，最小的颗粒几乎均匀地分布在整个水柱中。此处应用形容词作表语，表示人的感受，应用-ed结尾的形容词surprised，意为“惊讶的”，故填surprised。 7．evenly 解析：考查副词。句意同上。此处应用副词evenly修饰动词distributed，表示“均匀地”，故填evenly。 8．to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们本以为会在海底和海面找到塑料，但不是到处。expect to do sth．是固定搭配，意为“期望做某事”，故填to find。 9．for 解析：考查介词。句意：他们还发现，这些塑料中的聚合物在周围漂浮的碳颗粒占很大比例。account for是固定短语，意为“占(一定数量或比例)”，故填for。 10．floating 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处应用现在分词floating作后置定语，修饰carbon particles，表示主动和正在进行的动作，故填floating。 单词积累·microplastic n． 微塑料　sample n． 样本 熟词生义·measurement[熟义]n． 测量[生义] (文义)n． 测量数据 distribute[熟义]v． 分配[生义] (文义)v． 分布 构词积累·合成类：widespread adj． 普遍的 词块积累·a global survey 全球范围内的调查　water column 水柱　a significant percentage 相当大的一部分 难句分析·[原句]第三段。 [分析]句中含有三个从句：that 引导的宾语从句、everywhere引导的状语从句和where 引导的定语从句。 [翻译]他们发现，微塑料几乎在人们所查看的每一个地方都有记录，包括马里亚纳海沟，在那里，每立方米测量到的微塑料颗粒超过13 000个，深度接近7千米。 高频考点二　非谓语动词 [思维导图]——非谓语动词题3大思维方向 技法1 成分分析法——掌握“句法功能”“意义区别” 1．(2025·全国二卷)If you've never experienced谓语 the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____________ (leave)被动关系 to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders． 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)____________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson主语 said，谓语 “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed．” 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________ (lift)动宾关系 out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents． 1．【解析】分析句子结构可知，动词leave和谓语have experienced 之间没有连词，和被修饰词a sheet or shirt构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。 【答案】 left。 2． 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，Edmondson和recall之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。 【解析】Recalling。 3． 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语补足语。them与lift是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth． to be done “允许某事被做”。 【解析】to be lifted。 技法2 线索暗示法——关注介词和并列连词 1．(2025·八省联考)Chinese plays an increasingly important role in在……中发挥越来越重要的作用，in为介词 ____________ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world． 2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a imagine oneself doing sth． 想象某人自己做某事 different time in history or并列连词 ____________ (walk) through a rainforest． 【解析】 1． 分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作介词的宾语。in为介词，其后接动名词作宾语。 【答案】improving。 2． 分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语。or前后的非谓语动词应保持一致，故设空处也应用现在分词。 【答案】walking。 技法3 固定搭配法——常见结构心中记 1．(2025·全国一卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art，” says Tu． “We hope ____________ (present)跟不定式作宾语 the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism．” 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean ____________mean doing sth．意味着做某事 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says． 【解析】 1． 句意：……我们希望把相当抽象的围棋和人工智能进行一种图像形式的呈现，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth．“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词不定式作宾语。 【答案】to present。 2． 句意：她说：“我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。”mean doing sth．“意味着做某事”，故用动名词作宾语。 【答案】returning。 [名师点津] 项目 常见动词或结构 接动名词作宾语 enjoy, avoid, admit, mind, practise, keep, imagine, suggest, consider等 接不定式作宾语 want, agree, afford, desire, happen, hope, ask, manage, determine, aim等 接动名词或不定式 作宾语(意义不同) 接现在分词作宾语补足语 imagine, see, hear, watch, keep等 接不定式作宾语补足语 ask, inspire, expect, force, allow, urge等 其他常用搭配 spend time doing sth．, sth． takes...to do sth．等 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025·广东佛山S6高质量发展联盟联考)They imprint the stamps, usually with single or multicolored pictures of the scenic spots or images of famous people on postcards or in travel journals, thus creating (create) a unique memory of their travels． 2．(2025·陕西咸阳模拟)Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art—that of Beijing silk figurines (北京绢人)． In 1997，she established a studio with five other enthusiasts． Then they spent an entire year making several figurines，only to find (find) there was no market for their products． 3．(2025·河南部分名校联考)Painted (paint) in the handscroll (手卷) with cavalier perspective painting methods, the entire piece vividly illustrates the urban life of Suzhou during the High Qing era, with lively trades, countless businessmen and various goods． 4．(2025·甘肃兰州模拟)Most people would probably just see wheat straw as a pile of waste in a farmer's field． However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw leftover from harvested (harvest) wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks． 5．(2025·湖北武汉模拟)Clothes featuring (feature) traditional Chinese elements combined with modern designs called the “new Chinese style”，have developed into a fashion trend among the younger generations not only in China but also worldwide． 6．(2025·浙江嘉兴模拟)Rooftop farming, also referred (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend． It's a step towards environmental conservation． 7．(2025·山东滨州模拟)Shenzhen's first coffee-themed post office opened at the Science and Technology Park in Nanshan District． Postal elements can be seen everywhere, with stamps, postcards and cakes in the shapes of mailboxes, mail carts and an old-style postman bicycle exhibited (exhibit)． 8．(2025·江苏盐城五校联考)Karagoz is a dramatic form of storytelling where shadows are projected onto a white screen, with a multitasking performer singing (sing) the tunes and words of the story and the lead puppeteer controlling the movement of the puppets． 9．(2025·吉林长春模拟)This science is called biomimetics． Bio means“living things” and mimetics means “copying”． It involves drawing (draw) inspiration from nature's designs and processes to solve human problems or improve technology． 10．(2025·河北石家庄模拟)The purpose of the exchange program is to promote (promote) the understanding between the two countries． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·江西景德镇二模) The UNESCO inscribed the Spring Festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity． The decision __1__ (make) during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, taking place in Paraguay from December 2 to 7 in 2024． The committee recognized the festival for its wide range of cultural __2__ (element)． UNESCO highlighted that the Spring Festival represents the rich cultural heritage of China and contributes to the diversity of global cultures． The committee also emphasized that the festival reflects the harmony between humans and nature and __3__ (contribute) to sustainable development in areas such as food security and education． It also plays a key role __4__ raising environmental awareness． China's vice minister of Culture and Tourism, Rao Quan, __5__ led the Chinese delegation at the UNESCO session, expressed gratitude for the __6__ (recognize)． He stressed that the Spring Festival is China's most important traditional holiday, __7__ (symbolize) the Chinese people's hopes for a better life, strong ties to family and country, and the values of harmony between humans and nature． Rao further explained that the festival, __8__ (pass) down through generations, has carried significance in promoting family and social harmony, driving __9__ (economy) development and fostering global cultural exchange and he added that __10__ inclusion of the Spring Festival on the UNESCO list will help promote universal values of peace and harmony． (注： 8～10题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了春节被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录这一事件，介绍了春节被列入名录的原因及其重要意义。 1．was made 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该决定是在2024年12月2日至7日于巴拉圭举行的保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第 19 届会议期间做出的。句子主语 “decision”与“make”之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。“decision” 是单数，be动词应用“was”，故填was made。 2．elements 解析：考查名词的数。句意：委员会因其广泛的文化元素而认可了这个节日。“element” 是可数名词，根据“wide range of”可知，此处应用复数形式作宾语，故填elements。 3．contributes 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：委员会还强调，这个节日反映了人与自然的和谐，并有助于粮食安全和教育等领域的可持续发展。“and” 连接两个并列的谓语动词，由“reflects”可知空格处也用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填contributes。 4．in 解析：考查介词。句意：它在提高环境意识方面也起着关键作用。“play a role in...” 是固定短语，意为 “在……方面起作用”，故填in。 5．who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：中国文化和旅游部副部长饶权率领中国代表团参加了联合国教科文组织的会议，他对这一认可表示感谢。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “Rao Quan”，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 6．recognition 解析：考查词性转换。句意同上。空处作宾语，应用名词，故填recognition。 7．symbolizing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他强调，春节是中国最重要的传统节日，象征着中国人民对美好生活的希望、对家庭和国家的深厚情感以及人与自然和谐相处的价值观。“symbolize” 与逻辑主语 “the Spring Festival” 之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填symbolizing。 8．passed 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：饶进一步解释说，这个节日代代相传，在促进家庭和社会和谐、推动经济发展和促进全球文化交流方面具有重要意义……“pass down” 意为 “传递；传承”，逻辑主语“the festival” 与 “pass down” 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填passed。 9．economic 解析：考查词性转换。句意同上。“development” 是名词，需要用形容词修饰，故填economic。 10．the 解析：考查冠词。句意：……他补充说，春节被列入联合国教科文组织的名录将有助于促进和平与和谐的普遍价值观。此处特指 “春节被列入联合国教科文组织的名录” 这件事，用定冠词“the”，故填the。 难句分析·[原句]第四段第二句。 [分析]本句为主从复合句。that the Spring Festival is China's most important traditional holiday为that引导的宾语从句。 [翻译]他强调，春节是中国最重要的传统节日，象征着中国人民对美好生活的希望、对家庭和国家的深厚情感以及人与自然和谐相处的价值观。　　　　　　　　　　　 B Guangji Bridge is a historic bridge that stretches across the Han River in Chaozhou, Guangdong province, China． It is one of the four great ancient bridges of China, along with Zhaozhou Bridge, Luoyang Bridge, and Lugou Bridge． Guangji Bridge is unique and special__1__ layout and structure． Guangji Bridge is 518 meters long, which __2__ (compose) of two sections of stone beam (梁) bridges with 30 bridge pavilions (亭) in the east and west and a section of pontoon bridge (浮桥) in the middle． The pontoon bridge can be put aside for ships __3__ (pass) through． This is one of the greatest __4__ (creation) in China's history of bridge construction． Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, was __5__ (original) built in 1171 AD but it has suffered from the impact of time and since 2003, it __6__ (experience) a four-year comprehensive restoration, and it was reopened in 2007 and soon became __7__ must-see scenic spot in Chaozhou． Guangji Bridge is not only a remarkable __8__ (engineer) achievement, but also a symbol of Chaozhou's history and culture． It reflects the wisdom __9__ creativity of the ancient people． It also demonstrates how strong-willed and determined the people were __10__ took care of it． (注： 5～7题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于中国广东省潮州市的广济桥，包括其历史地位、独特的布局结构、修复历史以及它作为潮州历史和文化的象征所体现的古代人民的智慧和创造力。 1．in 解析：考查介词。句意：广济桥在布局和结构上独具特色。表示“在……方面”应用介词“in”，故填in。 2．is composed 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：广济桥长518米，由东西两侧的两段石梁桥(有30个桥亭)和中间的一段浮桥组成。“be composed of”表示“由……组成”，为固定短语。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且which所代替的先行词“Guangji Bridge”为单数，故填is composed。 3．to pass 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：浮桥可以移到一边，让船只通过。“for ships to pass through”为不定式复合结构，表示“为了让船只通过”，故填to pass。 4．creations 解析：考查名词复数。句意：这是中国桥梁建造史上最伟大的创造之一。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，为固定用法，故填creations。 5．originally 解析：考查副词。句意：广济桥，俗称湘子桥，最初建于公元1171年，但受到了时间的影响……此处应用副词“originally”修饰动词“built”，故填originally。 6．has experienced 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：……自2003年以来，它经历了一次四年的全面修复，并于2007年重新开放，很快成为潮州的一个必看景点。根据时间状语“since 2003”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语“it”为单数，故填has experienced。 7．a 解析：考查冠词。句意同上。“must-see scenic spot”为可数名词短语，此处泛指“一个必看景点”，且“must-see”的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 8．engineering 解析：考查名词。句意：广济桥不仅是一项杰出的工程成就，也是潮州历史和文化的象征。此处应用名词“engineering”修饰名词“achievement”，表示“工程成就”，故填engineering。 9．and 解析：考查连词。句意：它反映了古代人民的智慧和创造力。“wisdom”和“creativity”为并列关系，应用连词“and”连接，故填and。 10．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：它也展示了照看它的人是多么的意志坚强和有决心。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the people”，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词“who”或“that”引导，故填who/that。 单词积累·layout n． 布局　structure n． 结构　originally adv． 最初；原先　restoration n． 修复；恢复　remarkable adj． 显著的；非凡的　engineering n． 工程学 熟词生义·comprehensive [熟义]adj． 综合性的[生义] (文义)adj． 全面的 构词积累·①派生类：historic adj． 历史上著名的 ②合成类：strong-willed 意志坚强的 词块积累·put aside 放到一边；留出　suffer from 遭受；受……之苦　a symbol of ……的象征　reflect the wisdom and creativity of 反映……的智慧和创造力 难句分析·[原句]第二段第二句。 [分析]这是一个复合句。“Guangji Bridge is 518 meters long”是主句，描述了广济桥的长度；“which is composed of...and a section of pontoon bridge (浮桥) in the middle”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Guangji Bridge”，详细说明了广济桥的构成。在这个定语从句中，“with 30 bridge pavilions (亭) in the east and west ”是介词短语作定语，描述了石梁桥上的亭子。 [翻译]广济桥长518米，由东西两侧的两段石梁桥(有30个桥亭)和中间的一段浮桥组成。 02词性转换与词形变化 　词性转换 技法1 根据设空处的修饰词或被修饰词确定词性转换 1．提示词为形容词，被冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰时，形容词要转换为名词。 2．提示词为动词，被冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰时，动词要转换为名词。 3．提示词为形容词，若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或全句，应考虑副词形式。 1．(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the后跟名词 ____________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air． 2．(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____________ (digital) generated副词修饰形容词 pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition． 3．(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive冠词＋形容词修饰名词 ____________ (solve) to one-time event dressing． 【答案】 1．句意：在我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有雾霾，而且很多时候下午都是晴空万里，空气清新。定冠词the后应用名词。故填absence。 2．句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，落子体现的策略之美，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为这次展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成图片和丝网印刷作品。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 3．句意：坦尼娅的店为女性提供时尚服装以便她们可以租赁而不是直接购买，这为一次性活动的着装提供了一个稍微便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a和形容词less expensive修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 [名师点津]形容词变副词的规则 变化规则 典型例词 一般形容词变副词直接在其后加-ly quick→quickly，anxious→anxiously 以“辅音字母＋e”结尾的形容词直接加-ly，以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去掉e再加-ly immediate→immediately，polite→politely，true→truly 以“辅音字母＋le”结尾的形容词要去掉e再加-y possible→possibly，probable→probably 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词要变y为i再加-ly happy→happily，healthy→healthily 以-ic 结尾的形容词要在其后加-ally economic→economically，basic→basically 以-ll 结尾的形容词要在其后加-y full→fully，dull→dully 注意：以下单词是特殊的形式：whole→wholly，public→publicly，shy→shyly 技法2 根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性转换 1．提示词为名词，空处在句中作表语，或作定语修饰名词，名词要转换为形容词。 2．提示词为名词，空处在句中作谓语，名词要转换为动词。 3．提示词为形容词，空处作介词或及物动词的宾语，形容词要转换为名词。 4．提示词为动词，空处在句中作定语，动词要转换为形容词。 5．提示词为动词，空处在句中作表语，动词要转换为名词或形容词。 1．(2025·全国一卷)“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal． You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow后跟宾语 your ‘____________ (guide)’ till they lose，” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition． 2．(2025·全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____________ (center) heating doesn't修饰名词作定语 exist． 3．(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____________ (strategy) placement修饰名词作定语 of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition． 1．句意：……你要把对手引进你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”，直到最后认输。此处作follow的宾语，用名词。故填guidance。 2．句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。此处修饰名词heating，应用形容词作定语。故填central。 3．句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，落子体现的策略之美，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成图片和丝网印刷作品。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词作定语。故填strategic。 [名师点津]常用构词法 1．动词转换为名词 (1)v．＋-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion转换为名词，表示“状态或行为” celebrate→celebration 庆祝　compete→competition 比赛 (2)v．＋-ment转换为名词，表示“行为或结果” develop→development 发展　argue→argument 争论；论据 (3)v．＋-r/-er/-or转换为名词，表示“人” perform→performer 表演者　educate→educator 教育家 　 (4)v．＋-ure转换为名词 fail→failure 失败　press→pressure 压力 (5)后缀-th结尾的名词 grow→growth 成长　 breathe→breath呼吸 (6)后缀-ance/-ence结尾的名词 exist→existence 存在　guide→guidance 指导 (7)后缀-al结尾的名词 arrive→arrival 到达　survive→survival 幸存 2．动词转换为形容词 (1)v．＋-able转换为形容词 accept→acceptable 可接受的　adapt→adaptable 能适应的 (2)v．＋-ed/-ing转换为形容词 confuse→confused 感到困惑的　excite→exciting 令人激动的 　 (3)v．＋-ive转换为形容词 impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的　instruct→instructive 有教育意义的 (4)v．＋-ful/-less转换为形容词 doubt→doubtful 怀疑的　forget→forgetful 健忘的 3．名词转换为形容词 (1)n．＋-able→adj． honor→honorable 光荣的，可敬的 (2)n．＋-al→adj． tradition→traditional传统的 (3)n．＋-ful→adj． colour→colourful颜色鲜艳的 　 (4)n．＋-en→adj． wood→wooden 木质的 (5)n．＋-y→adj． wealth→wealthy 富有的 4．名词转换为动词 (1)en-：courage→encourage 鼓励　danger→endanger危及 (2)-en：strength→strengthen 加强，加固 (3)-ize：apology→apologize 道歉 词形变化 技法1 利用修饰词或谓语动词判断名词的复数形式 1．有数词或these、those、several、many、all、both、various、numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。 2．名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。 3．若谓语动词是复数形式，且空处作主语，则空处应填名词复数形式。 1．(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue修饰复数名词 sky ____________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air． 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer ____________修饰复数名词 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular． 1．句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有雾霾，而且很多时候下午都是晴空万里，空气清新。afternoon是可数名词，plenty of意为“许多”，所以此处应用复数形式。故填afternoons。 2．time表示“次数”时是可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。 技法2 根据提示词与其后的名词的所属关系确定名词的所有格 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for ____________ (people) lives所属关系 today, and I know that doesn't always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says． 2．(2021·浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ____________ (person) weight所属关系 in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy． 1．句意：她说：“我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。”提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格作定语。故填people's。 2．句意：通过将一个人的体重(以千克为单位)除以其身高(以米为单位)的平方来计算，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，与weight之间是所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填person's。 技法3 凭借标志词、固定句型或语境暗示判断形容词或副词的比较等级 1．比较级 (1)空前有much、far、still、even、rather、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal或空后有than等标志词时，应考虑用比较级。 (2)句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。 (3)“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。 (4)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。 (5)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。 2．最高级 (1)设空后有表示范围的标志词in、of、among等时，用最高级。 (2)设空前有“one of the...”或“the＋序数词”等修饰词时，用最高级。 (3)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。 1．(2022·北京卷)That's a big problem and it is getting even ____________修饰比较级 (bad)．The use of those plastics has increased by 300% since 2019． 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature“the＋比较级，the＋比较级” gets, the ____________ (hot) the spring! 3．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the后跟最高级 ____________ (large) United States national park—2．2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12．3 million acres． 1．句意：这是个大问题，而且还在变得更糟。自2019年以来，这些塑料的使用量增加了300%。副词even修饰比较级。故填worse。 2．句意：这个温泉的神奇之处在于(周围环境的)温度越低，这个温泉的温度就越高！根据the colder以及提示词为形容词可知，此处考查固定句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”。故填hotter。 3．句意：黄石公园曾是美国面积最大的国家公园，占地 220 万英亩。直到 1978年成为国家纪念地的阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔—圣伊莱亚斯国家公园，在 1980 年以1 230万英亩的面积荣获国家公园称号，取代了黄石公园的这一地位。根据空前的the及句意可知，空处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 技法4 根据空处在句中所作的成分确定代词和数词 1．提示词为代词，空格处作宾语、表语、同位语，考虑填宾格、名词性物主代词或反身代词。 2．提示词为代词，空格处作定语，考虑填形容词性物主代词。 3．提示词为基数词，空格处作定语，考虑填序数词。 1．(2025·全国二卷)Over time, I've found谓语动词后跟宾语 ____________ (I) feeling extremely at home here． And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times． 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the ____________ (six) century B．C．数词作定语，修饰名词，表顺序 1．句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉……空处指代主语I, found后缺宾语，应用反身代词。故填myself。 2．句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的《伊索寓言》可以追溯到公元前6世纪。设空处作定语，表示顺序，要用序数词。故填sixth。 [名师点津]1．代词的句法功能 (1)作主语：人称代词主格(I、we、you、he、she、they、it)、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词； (2)作宾语：人称代词宾格(me、us、you、him、her、them、it)、名词性物主代词(ours、mine、yours、his、hers、theirs、its)、不定代词； (3)作表语：人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词； (4)作定语：形容词性物主代词(our、my、your、his、her、their、its)； (5)作宾语、表语或同位语且反射句子的主语，用反身代词(myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves、himself、herself、itself、themselves)，同时注意数的变化。 2．基数词变序数词的规则 (1)一般在后面加th：four→fourth、six→sixth、seven→seventh、ten→tenth。 (2)以e结尾，去e再加th：nine→ninth。 (3)以t结尾加h：eight→eighth。 (4)以ve结尾将ve改为f再加th：five→fifth、twelve→twelfth。 (5)需特殊记忆：one→first、two→second、three→third。 (6)逢十基数词ty结尾，把y变为ie再加th：twenty→twentieth。 (7)几十几基数词要把个位数变为序数词：twenty-one→twenty-first。 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025·浙江杭州模拟)The oldest evidence (evident) of noodles was from 4，000 years ago in China． 2．(2025·广东汕头模拟)The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its survival (survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround． 3．(2025·陕西咸阳模拟)Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong, is an enthusiastic supporter (support) of this idea． 4．(2025·河南郑州模拟)Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical entertainment (entertain), has survived for centuries． 5．(2025·山西太原模拟)Images of these objects found at Sanxingdui and their patterns have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu，a civilization (civilize) that thrived for nearly 8 centuries in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty，and disappeared suddenly, leaving many myths and legends． 6．(2025·云南师大附中模拟)The findings from about seven years of biodiversity research give us warning (warn) that climate change caused by humans has had a destroying effect on nature． 7．(2025·吉林四校联考)In recent years, Moutai has been looking for ways to be more accessible (access) and pull in a new generation of users, said Zhu Danpeng, a food and drink expert． 8．(2025·江西南昌模拟)It perfectly combined traditional instruments like pipa and guzheng with contemporary trends, creating a unique experience for the audience, who remained enthusiastic and engaged (engage) despite the cold weather． 9．(2025·福建福州模拟)She also said she had no choice but to stop the online ordering system temporarily (temporary) at around 1：30 pm because there were more than 200 orders still to be completed． 10．(2025·湖北武汉重点中学5G联合体联考)Jiang's story is one of victory over adversity． More incredibly (incredible), she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan province． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·福建泉州四校模拟) Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but nut carving inheritors will collect and turn them into artworks． “One nut, __1__ (range) from 0．8 to 6 centimeters, can be made into delicate fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals, etc．，” said Tan Wanhai, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving． Weifang nut carving __2__ (date) back to the Qing Dynasty． During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people． Craftsmen back then often used peach pits __3__ (show) off their artistic skills． Due to the rigorous (缜密的) carving skills __4__ its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving __5__ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008． Tan couldn't forget __6__ impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving． Yet, the 49-year-old craftsman admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing． “__7__ some pits with a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (纹理)，” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork． Now, __8__ number of inheritors following the tradition is about 1，000 but Tan believes it could be __9__ (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the __10__ (occupy) to anyone who is interested． (注：8～10题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了潍坊核雕的历史渊源、艺术特点、制作挑战及传承现状，展现了这一国家级非物质文化遗产的独特魅力与发展前景。 1．ranging 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“一颗0．8厘米到6厘米的果核可以制成精美的扇坠、耳环、纽扣、印章等。”潍坊核雕传承人谈万海说。此处为非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语nut与range之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填ranging。 2．dates 解析：考查动词时态。句意：潍坊核雕可追溯至清朝。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Weifang nut carving为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 3．to show 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当时的工匠常常用桃核来展示他们的艺术技巧。use sth． to do sth．表示“用某物做某事”。故填to show。 4．and 解析：考查连词。句意：由于其缜密的雕刻技艺和丰富的艺术内涵，潍坊核雕于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。“rigorous(缜密的) carving skills”和“rich artistic content”为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 5．was listed 解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2008可知用一般过去时，Weifang nut carving与list之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填was listed。 6．how 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：谈(万海)无法忘记第一次看到核雕时的震撼。此处引导宾语从句，修饰空后形容词impressed应用how。故填how。 7．Unlike 解析：考查介词。句意：谈(万海)说：“与一些表面平整的核不同，每个桃核都有其独特的纹理。”他补充道，工匠们必须研究和揣摩每个桃核，精心设计他们的作品。根据语境可知，此处表示“不同于……”，用介词unlike，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Unlike。 8．the 解析：考查冠词。句意：现在，遵循这一传统的传承人数量约为1 000人。但谈(万海)认为，随着更多工匠放弃只通过家族传承技艺的传统，向任何感兴趣的人开放这一职业，传承人数可能会更高。此处为固定搭配the number of，意为“……的数量”。故填the。 9．higher 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据语境以及下文的“as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family”可知，此处隐含与当前人数的对比，用比较级。故填higher。 10．occupation 解析：考查词性转换。句意同第8题。定冠词the后接名词，作open up的宾语。故填occupation。 难句分析·[原句]第四段第三句。 [分析]adding that...是现在分词短语作伴随状语， that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork为宾语从句，动词不定式短语to carefully plan out their artwork 作目的状语。 [翻译]“与一些表面平整的核不同，每个桃核都有其独特的纹理。”谈(万海)说，并补充道，工匠们必须研究和揣摩每个桃核，精心设计他们的作品。　　　　　　　　　　　 B Glacier (冰川) National Park was __1__ (official) established on May 11, 1910． Located in the northern Rocky Mountains of Montana, the park covers over a million acres and is known for its dramatic peaks, untouched lakes, thick forests and glaciers． In the late 1800s, European-American settlers and explorers began to recognize the region's extraordinary beauty and ecological value． __2__ (influence) by the growing conservation movement and the success of Yellowstone (established in 1872), advocates campaigned for federal (联邦的) protection of the Glacier region． Their efforts paid off when President William Howard Taft signed the law__3__ (establish) Glacier as the 10th national park in the United States． Glacier National Park quickly became __4__ destination for nature lovers, artists, and adventurers． The __5__ (construct) of the Going-to-the-Sun Road, __6__ was completed in 1932, made the park's interior more __7__ (access) and is now considered a masterpiece of engineering and one of the most scenic drives in the country． Since its establishment in 1910, Glacier National Park __8__ (stand) as a symbol of America's commitment __9__ preserving natural beauty and biodiversity． Though the number of glaciers in the park has decreased due to climate change, Glacier remains a vital shelter for hundreds of plant and animal species and an irreplaceable treasure for future __10__ (generation)． (注：5～7题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国冰川国家公园的建立过程、自然景观、历史意义及其在生态保护方面的重要作用。 1．officially 解析：考查副词。句意：冰川国家公园于1910年5月11日正式建立。此处修饰动词established，应用副词，表示“正式地”，故填officially。 2．Influenced 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在日益壮大的保护运动以及黄石公园(1872年建立)成功的影响下，倡导者们积极为冰川地区的联邦保护而奔走呼吁。逻辑主语advocates与influence之间是被动关系，即倡导者们被影响，所以用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Influenced。 3．establishing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱总统签署法律将冰川地区确立为美国第10个国家公园时，他们的努力取得了回报。the law与establish之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处用现在分词作后置定语，故填establishing。 4．a 解析：考查冠词。句意：冰川国家公园迅速成为自然爱好者、艺术家和冒险家的目的地。destination是可数名词，此处泛指“一个目的地”，且destination的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 5．construction 解析：考查词性转换。句意：1932年建成的向阳大道使公园内部更易到达，如今这条道路被认为是工程杰作，也是全国最美的驾车路线之一。此处作主语，且前面有定冠词The，应用名词形式，construct的名词形式是construction，意为“建造；建筑”，故填construction。 6．which 解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“The __5__ (construct) of the Going-to-the-Sun Road”，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导，故填which。 7．accessible 解析：考查词性转换。句意同第5题。此处作宾语补足语，应用形容词，access的形容词是accessible，意为“可到达的；可进入的”，故填accessible。 8．has stood 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1910年建立以来，冰川国家公园一直是美国致力于保护自然美景和生物多样性的象征。根据“Since its establishment in 1910”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“Glacier National Park”是单数，助动词用has，故填has stood。 9．to 解析：考查介词。句意同上。“commitment to doing sth．”是固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，故填to。 10．generations 解析：考查名词复数。句意：尽管由于气候变化，公园内冰川的数量有所减少，但冰川国家公园仍然是数百种动植物的重要栖息地，也是留给子孙后代的不可替代的财富。generation是可数名词，此处表示“子孙后代”，应用复数形式，故填generations。 单词积累·ecological adj． 生态的　commitment n． 承诺；保证；献身　biodiversity n． 生物多样性 熟词生义·sign[熟义]n． 标志；符号[生义] (文义)v． 签署 构词积累·①派生类：untouched adj． 未被触及的　establishment n． 建立　 irreplaceable adj． 不可替代的 ②转化类：campaign 运动(n．)→参加运动；领导运动(v．) 词块积累·extraordinary beauty 非凡的美丽　irreplaceable treasure 不可替代的财富 难句分析·[原句]第三段第二句。 [分析]句中含有一个非限制性定语从句(which 引导)，修饰主语 The construction of the Going-to-the-Sun Road。 [翻译]1932 年建成的向阳大道使公园内部更易到达，如今这条道路被认为是工程杰作，也是全国最美的驾车路线之一。 考点二 无提示词 冠词、介词、代词 01 冠词 (2025·浙江1月卷)The price of fashion—economically and environmentally—has led to the rise of ____________ new way一种新方式 of dressing, and it's beginning to take off in Australia, too． [自主解答]第一步：确定是否填冠词 空格后new way为“形容词＋名词”，且没有其他限定词，因此应用冠词。 第二步：判断是特指还是泛指 可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且new发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 1．(2025·全国一卷)Go is one of ____________ earliest binary-based最高级前用the　 (基于二元的) games． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas, even though ____________ language used for the medical training instructions过去分词短语作后置定语 is actually English． 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect ____________ culture of grassroots Beijingers． 1．形容词最高级前用定冠词the。 2．根据后面的后置定语可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导的语言，应用定冠词the修饰。 3．根据介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处表特指，应用定冠词the修饰。 [名师点津]定冠词the的主要用法 1．第二次提到名词时表特指，用定冠词the。 2．当名词前后有定语修饰时，多数情况用定冠词the。 注意：表“一个……的……”时，用a/an。如a heavy rain。 3．在序数词或最高级前或有only，very，same等修饰的名词前用定冠词the。 4．在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”，用定冠词the。 5．用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。 6．用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 7．用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。 8．“the＋形容词”表示一类人或事物。 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________ first time．第一次 2．(2024·浙江1月卷)Then, when you use one section, ____________other stays一个……另一个…… fresh． 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of　一点点，稍许 sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious． 1．for the first time是固定搭配，意为“第一次”。故填the。 2．one...the other...是固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个……”。 故填the。 3．a touch of 是固定搭配，意为“一点点，稍许”。 故填a。 [名师点津]固定搭配中的冠词 1．定冠词用在固定搭配中 all the way 一路上，自始至终　　　　　　　　　　　　make the most/best of 充分利用 in the distance 在远处 on the whole 大体上 at the same time 同时 for the time being 暂时 on the spot/scene 当场；在现场 on the contrary 相反 2．不定冠词用在固定搭配中 a pack of 一群 an average of 平均为 a population of 有……人口 do a good deed 做好事 do sb．a favour 帮某人一个忙 have a history of 有……的历史 have a better understanding of 对……有更好的理解 all of a sudden 突然 02 介词 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands ____________ a great achievement 作为伟大成就in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route... 2．(2024·全国甲卷)This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____________ all people of the nation to enjoy供全国人民欣赏—as a national park． 3．(2024·九省联考)He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ____________old-fashioned fountain pens．方式状语 4．(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history 　　　　 the capital of China，作为中国的首都 almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events． 1．根据句意可知，此处指的是“作为伟大成就”，应用介词as。 2．分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处应用介词for表目的，表示“供全国人民欣赏”。 3．分析句子结构可知，此处是“not only...but also...”连接的并列成分，结合not only后面的“by hand”可知，空处也需要用介词，且意为“用”；表示“使用工具”应用介词with。 4．根据句意可知，此处表示“北京作为中国的首都”，应用介词as。 04代词 (2018·浙江6月卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ____________ can be to eat out． [自主解答]第一步： 确定是否填代词 句子为感叹句，设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to eat out。 第二步： 判断填哪个代词 作形式主语时应用it。故填it。 1．(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic． If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ____________ a try．指代 running 2．(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using ____________指代 railway every day． 1．根据句意可知，此处表示“我们应该尝试一下它(跑步)”，空处指代上文中的Running，应用it。give sth． a try意为“尝试一下某事物”。 2．此处指代上文中的railway，应用it。 1．(2025·江苏盐城模拟)The car crash has also left dozens of people injured, five of ____________ being指代dozens of people，作介词of的宾语 in a critical condition． 2．(2025·河南郑州模拟)This school is one of the top schools in our city, ____________ equipped with相当于a school modern teaching equipment． 1．分析句子结构可知，设空处作介词of的宾语，指代dozens of people，因此用代词的宾格。故填them。 2．句意：这所学校是我们市最好的学校之一，一所配备现代化教学设备的学校。设空处代替上文提到的单数可数名词，相当于 “a school”。故填one。 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025·东北育才中学模拟)The next year, he ordered that the day after Hanshi Day should be the Qingming Festival, a day to honor the dead． 2．(2025·浙江台金七校联考)The earliest batch (一批) of tea has a better flavor than the later batches which can be grown overnight． 3．(2025·湖南湖湘教育三新探索协作体联考)“One nut, ranging from 0．8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into delicate fan pendants (扇坠)，earrings, buttons, seals, etc．，”said Tan Wanhai, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving． 4．(2025·山东潍坊模拟)Depending on the lantern's size, the number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million． 5．(2025·西北名校联考)China plans to start building a lunar base... “ Eventually, building a habitation outside the Earth is essential not only for all humanity's quest for space exploration, but also for China's strategic needs as a space power，” Ding said in a separate interview． 6．(2025·重庆南开中学模拟) In the Forbidden City, the dragons, whether flying in the sky, leaping between beams (梁)，or hidden in the details, all tell ancient stories． 7．(2025·四川成都模拟)In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors were burnt by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of the warriors have been unearthed with their original colouring still largely undamaged． 8．(2025·湖南长沙雅礼中学模拟)Since ancient times, strong connections between the Chinese and the Turkish people have been built by cultural exchange along the Silk Road． 9．(2025·广东广州模拟)This overlapping nature leaves openings in the front and back of the skirt，making it very suitable for horse-riding． 10．(2025·湖北鄂东南省级示范高中联考)However，the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than that of its writing，which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7，000 years ago． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·广东广州二模) Once a little-known dish from China's northwest, Lanzhou beef noodle soup is now winning hearts globally． A recent article describes __1__ this surprisingly simple meal has become popular in __2__ (city) like New York, London, and Sydney． Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people's appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give __3__ a try． Diners appreciate both its taste and the experience it offers． In a Manhattan eatery, cooks stretch dough (面团) into noodles right __4__ customers' eyes． “It's like magic，” said one diner． Diners are also amazed by the unique and __5__ (impressive)chewy texture of Lanzhou noodles, which offers a distinct mouthfeel unlike any other． The soup, __6__ (cook)for hours with beef bones and spices, has a rich flavor． In Queens, a restaurant prepares a version __7__ respects the dishes' cultural roots and combines 20 spices to produce a hearty soup． The owner even video-calls her grandparents in China for recipes． In Flushing, the owner of a noodle shop adapts the soup based on customer feedback, making it thicker and spicier __8__ (suit) local preferences． As food expert C．Doyle notes, “There's no single ‘correct’ version—it keeps evolving．” From street food to global star, Lanzhou beef noodle soup shows that sharing food __9__ (bridge) cultural differences, with each bowl __10__ (tell) a story of tradition, creativity, and the delight of flavor discovery． (注：9～10题属一个长难句2空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了兰州牛肉面这一原本在中国西北鲜为人知的菜肴，如今如何在全球范围内赢得人们的喜爱。 1．how 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：最近的一篇文章描述了这道极其简单的美食是如何在纽约、伦敦和悉尼等城市走红的。空处为宾语从句的引导词；宾语从句中缺少方式状语，故填how。 2．cities 解析：考查名词的数。句意同上。空处为名词作宾语；根据“like New York, London, and Sydney”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填cities。 3．it 解析：考查代词。句意：网上那些诱人的兰州牛肉面的照片和视频激发了当地人的食欲，勾起了他们的好奇心，促使他们想去尝一尝。空处作宾语，代指上文的“the dish”，用代词“it”。故填it。 4．before 解析：考查介词。句意：在曼哈顿的一家餐馆里，厨师会在顾客面前把面团拉成面条。分析句子可知空处为介词，意为“在……前”，故填before。 5．impressively 解析：考查词性转换。句意：食客们还对兰州牛肉面独特且嚼劲十足的口感惊叹不已，这种口感带来了不同于其他任何面条的独特味觉体验。空处修饰形容词“chewy”，用副词形式，故填impressively。 6．cooked 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：用牛骨和香料慢炖数小时的汤味道浓郁。空处为非谓语动词，作后置定语；被修饰词“The soup”和动词“cook”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填cooked。 7．which/that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在皇后区，一家餐馆制作的兰州牛肉面在尊重这道美食文化根源的基础上，用20种香料调制出了一碗浓郁鲜美的汤。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“a version”，在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。 8．to suit 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在法拉盛，一家面馆的老板根据顾客的反馈对汤进行了改良，让汤变得更浓稠、更辣，以迎合当地人的口味偏好。空处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to suit。 9．bridges 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：从街边小吃成为全球知名的美食，兰州牛肉面表明，美食的分享能够跨越文化差异，每一碗拉面都讲述着一个关于传统、创意以及发现美味的喜悦的故事。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“sharing food”，单数，和动词“bridge”之间为主动关系，故填bridges。 10．telling 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处为非谓语动词，作宾语补足语；宾语“each bowl”和动词“tell”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填telling。 B Just as Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty was famous for his love of calligraphy and paintings, he was __1__ (equal) attracted to jade (玉)． During his rule, his passion for jade drove the art of jade carving __2__ heights． In his lifetime, Emperor Qianlong wrote about 800 poems in __3__ (appreciate) of jade that expressed his joy and admiration of craftsmanship (技艺), especially when he received __4__ truly precious piece． Among the numerous jade artifacts (艺术品) __5__ caught the emperor's eye and inspired his poetry were Hindustani jade ships __6__ (originate) from the Mughal Empire, which ruled India from the 16th to 19th centuries． These very thin and almost see-through __7__ (item), like bowls, plates, teapots, and vases, had new and interesting shapes and __8__ (carve) with pretty flower and leaf patterns． They were made smooth and sometimes had gold or silver put into them． __9__ (expand) production, the emperor gathered craftsmen from Jiangnan, the region south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River—Suzhou and Yangzhou in today's Jiangsu province in particular—to the court． In his __10__ (late) years, Emperor Qianlong made the decision to cease the production of the delicate Hindustani style due to its high costs in raw materials, labor, and time． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了清朝乾隆皇帝对玉器的痴迷及其对玉雕艺术发展的推动作用。 1．equally 解析：考查副词。句意：正如清朝乾隆皇帝以热爱书法和绘画而闻名一样，他对玉器同样着迷。此处修饰动词短语“be attracted to”，应用副词形式，equal的副词形式为equally，表示“同样地”，故填equally。 2．to 解析：考查介词。句意：在他统治期间，他对玉器的热爱推动了玉雕艺术达到顶峰。drive...to...为固定短语，意为“推动……达到……”，故填to。 3．appreciation 解析：考查词性转换。句意：乾隆皇帝一生中创作了约800首赞美玉器的诗，表达了他对技艺的喜爱和钦佩，尤其是当他收到一件真正珍贵的玉器时。in appreciation of为固定短语，意为“为表示对……的欣赏”，故填appreciation。 4．a 解析：考查冠词。句意同上。piece为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一件真正珍贵的玉器”，且truly发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 5．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：在众多吸引皇帝注意并激发他诗歌创作灵感的玉器艺术品中，有来自16世纪至19世纪统治印度的莫卧儿帝国的印度斯坦玉船。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词jade artifacts，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 6．originating 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语Hindustani jade ships与originate之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填originating。 7．items 解析：考查名词复数。句意：这些非常薄且几乎透明的物品，如碗、盘子、茶壶和花瓶，形状新颖有趣，并雕刻有漂亮的花叶图案。根据下文“like bowls, plates, teapots, and vases”可知，此处指多个物品，应用名词复数形式，故填items。 8．were carved 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语These very thin and almost see-through items与carve之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词应用were，故填were carved。 9．To expand 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了扩大生产，皇帝召集了来自江南(长江下游以南地区，特别是今天的江苏省苏州市和扬州市)的工匠到宫廷。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语，应用不定式形式，故填To expand。 10．later 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：在他晚年，乾隆皇帝决定停止生产精致的印度斯坦风格玉器，因为其原材料、劳动力和时间成本过高。in one's later years为固定短语，意为“在某人的晚年”，故填later。 单词积累·jade n． 玉　carving n． 雕刻　artifact n． 艺术品　pattern n． 图案 熟词生义·passion[熟义]n． 激情[生义] (文义)n． 热爱　drive[熟义]v． 驾驶[生义] (文义)v． 推动　reach[熟义]v． 到达[生义] (文义)n． 河段 构词积累·①派生类：appreciation n． 欣赏　originate v． 起源 ②合成类：craftsman工匠 词块积累·in appreciation of 为表示对……的欣赏　catch one's eye 吸引某人的注意　cease production 停止生产 难句分析·[原句]第三段第一句。 [分析]句中“that/which caught the emperor's eye and inspired his poetry”为定语从句，修饰“jade artifacts”。“originating from the Mughal Empire”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“Hindustani jade ships”。另外，“which ruled India from the 16th to 19th centuries”是定语从句，修饰“the Mughal Empire”。 [翻译]在众多吸引皇帝注意并激发他诗歌创作灵感的玉器艺术品中，有来自16世纪至19世纪统治印度的莫卧儿帝国的印度斯坦玉船。 并列连词和三大从句 01并列连词 技法1　关系分析法 1．(2025·全国二卷)But it's amazing how you can adapt ____________ learn并列关系 in a new environment． 2．(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____________ 固定搭配 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh． 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), ____________固定搭配 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头)． 4．(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work， ____________ 转折关系somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination． 5．(2021·浙江6月卷)Although Mary loved flowers, ____________ she nor固定搭配 her husband was known as a gardener． 1．adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 2．either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用连词or。 3．“whether...or...”是固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，所以此处应用连词or。 4．分析句子结构并结合句意可知，前后分句之间存在转折关系。故填but/yet。 5．“neither...nor...”为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 技法2　固定句型法 1．Still, eat well and enjoy yourself every day in life，祈使句 ____________ you will get a worthwhile reward．陈述句 2．One day, the cow was eating grass ____________ 固定句型it began to rain heavily． 3．Hardly had we arrived at the farm ____________固定句型 we saw many oranges hanging from the branches． 1．分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，故填and。 2．be doing sth． when...为固定句式，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。故填when。 3．hardly...when...为固定句式，意为“一……就……”。故填when。 02定语从句 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route先行词，指物 ____________作主语 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England． 2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2．2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias先行词，指物 in southern Alaska，注意逗号 ____________作主语 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12．3 million acres． 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 先行词，指人　注意逗号　作主语____________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown． 4．(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ____________先行词，指物　作主语 will make them the most money． 5．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____________先行词，指物　作主语 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past． 1．分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 2．分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。 3．分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tang Xianzu，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导。 4．分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为way，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 5．分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a place，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导。 1．(2025·全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang，先行词 China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____________ bamboo作地点状语 　 　 and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn't exist． 2．(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in先行词 the heart of America ____________ all作地点状语 life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings． 1．空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 2．分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a town，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 03名词性从句 1．(2024·全国甲卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____________ is now northwestern Wyoming． [自主解答]第一步： 定位从句位置 从句位于介词in的后面。 第二步： 判断从句类型 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。 第三步： 分析从句成分 从句中缺少主语。故填what。 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists． This is ____________ they need an English trainer． [自主解答]第一步： 定位从句位置 从句位于系动词is的后面。 第二步： 判断从句类型 分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。 第三步： 分析从句成分 分析从句成分并结合句意可知，设空处作状语，表示原因。故填why。 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed． [自主解答]第一步： 定位从句位置 从句位于动词ask的后面，构成ask sb． sth．结构。 第二步： 判断从句类型 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。 第三步： 分析从句成分 分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处意为“是否”。故填whether/if。 04状语从句 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)____________ the two young women were strangers before the meet, they've since become friends． [自主解答]第一步： 划分主从句，定位从句位置 ____________ the two young women were strangers before the meet位于句首。 第二步： 判断从句类型，锁定逻辑关系 分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句。 第三步： 根据句意及固定句式，确定从属连词 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Although/Though。 2．(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard ____________ we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there． [自主解答]第一步： 划分主从句，定位从句位置 ____________ we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there位于主句后。 第二步： 判断从句类型，锁定逻辑关系 分析句子结构可知，空处引导结果状语从句。 第三步： 根据句意及固定句式，确定从属连词 根据句中的so可知，应填that，构成固定句式 “so...that...”，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025·河南郑州模拟)As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement and promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce． 2．(2025·海南海口模拟)“When people reinterpret negative experiences as functional，they are more willing to engage in tasks that call forth those experiences，” the researchers explain． “Instead of seeing discomfort as unrelated to the goal or a signal to stop, they will start perceiving it as a sign of progress toward their goal．” 3．(2025·广东惠州模拟)The project not only marks a significant advancement in the application of AI in agriculture, but underlines the cooperation between academics and industry． 4．(2025·湖北黄冈模拟) Velcro (尼龙搭扣) was invented by the Swiss engineer Georges de Mestral in 1955． He was walking in the countryside when he pulled a burr (刺果) off his trousers． He noticed how well the burr stuck to his clothes so he studied its design． 5．(2025·江西十校协作体联考)The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal． The valley, including a museum, claims to be the only place where visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants． 6．(2025·浙江金华十校联考)According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice． 7．(2025·广西“贵百河—武高”联考)To create a brighter future, we should do our best to build our society into one in which every member lives healthily and harmoniously． 8．(2025·湖南九校联盟联考)An explosive mixture of gunpowder and chemical compounds (化合物) is what makes fireworks flash in pretty colors and fun shapes． The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the shell of the firework． 9．(2025·河北衡水中学模拟)“Growing tasty and healthy food has been my dream since I was a teenager． I know how challenging it can be, but if you take the soil seriously, I believe it will pay off，” Guo says． 10．(2025·河南许平汝名校模拟)All in all, whether you are interested in material arts or want an all-round approach to well-being, Maze Fist ensures you a rewarding experience． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·安徽滁州二模) Tanghulu, a jewel-like Chinese treat, is a time capsule, carrying a history tracing back to the Song Dynasty． Simple as it looks, __1__ process of making Tanghulu is a delicate dance of timing, temperature, and technique． The journey begins with selecting the freshest fruits． Hawthorn berries, the traditional choice, __2__ (prize) for their sourness and firm texture． A knife slips in, seeds removed, leaving the fruits hollow __3__ tiny lanterns． Then they are threaded onto bamboo sticks, spaced __4__ (even) for a fine appearance． The magic happens when sugar meets heat． A 2∶1 mix of sugar and water is heated __5__ it reaches the “hard-crack stage”， at which point a drop of syrup (糖浆) hardens into fragile glass when cooled, signaling __6__ (ready)． Next comes the critical step, coating． Holding a stick at a 45-degree angle, the maker quickly rolls it in the syrup, __7__ (let) the liquid sugar wrap around each fruit． As the sugar cools, it forms a glass-like shell that shines under the light． Tanghulu's __8__ (culture) significance matches its sweetness． It represents life's balance: sweetness masking sourness, much like joy and hardship coexist． Historically, it was believed __9__ (assist) digestion, but today, it's a nostalgic treat． To bite into Tanghulu is to taste history—a sweet, juicy reminder __10__ some traditions, though time-coated, never lose their core． (注：5～6题属一个长难句2空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统小吃糖葫芦，从其历史可追溯到宋朝说起，详细阐述了制作糖葫芦的过程，包括选材、处理果实、熬糖浆以及裹糖等步骤，还提及了糖葫芦的文化意义。 1．the 解析：考查冠词。句意：尽管糖葫芦看起来很简单，但制作糖葫芦的过程却是一场关于时机、温度和技巧的精妙舞蹈。此处特指制作糖葫芦的过程，需用定冠词。故填the。 2．are prized 解析：考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：山楂果，传统的制作糖葫芦的选择，因其酸味和坚实的质地而受到珍视。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，句子主语Hawthorn berries与prize之间是被动关系，即山楂果被珍视，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，故填are prized。 3．like 解析：考查介词。句意：用刀切入山楂果，去掉果核，使得山楂果变得中空，就像小小的灯笼一样。表示“像……一样”应用介词like。故填like。 4．evenly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：然后把它们穿在竹签上，为了美观要均匀地隔开。修饰动词spaced需用副词。故填evenly。 5．until/till 解析：考查连词。句意：按2∶1的比例混合的糖和水被加热至“硬脆阶段”，此时，一滴糖浆冷却后会硬化成易碎的玻璃状，这标志着准备好了。表示“直到……为止”，应用until/till，引导时间状语从句。故填until/till。 6．readiness 解析：考查词性转换。句意同上。空处作宾语，需用名词。故填readiness。 7．letting 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：制作者以45度角握住竹签，迅速在糖浆中滚动竹签，让液态的糖包裹住每一颗果实。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the maker与let之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作状语。故填letting。 8．cultural 解析：考查词性转换。句意：糖葫芦的文化意义与其甜度相当。修饰名词significance，需用形容词作定语。故填cultural。 9．to assist 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从历史上看，人们认为糖葫芦有助于消化，但如今，它是一种令人怀旧的美食。be believed to do sth．是固定搭配，表示“被认为做某事”。故填to assist。 10．that 解析：考查同位语从句。句意：咬一口糖葫芦就是品尝历史——这是一种甜蜜、多汁的提醒，提醒人们有些传统，尽管历经岁月，但其核心永远不会消失。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明“reminder”的具体内容，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，故填that。 难句分析·[原句]第三段第二句。 [分析]本句为主从复合句。until/till it reaches the “hard-crack stage”为until/till引导的时间状语从句； at which point...为定语从句，修饰先行词 “hard-crack stage”，其中 when cooled 是时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式为 when it is cooled; signaling readiness 是现在分词作状语。 [翻译]按2∶1的比例混合的糖和水被加热至 “硬脆阶段”，此时，一滴糖浆冷却后会硬化成易碎的玻璃状，这标志着准备好了。　　　　　　　　　　　 B (2025·湖南新高考教学教研联盟二模) The Beijing Central Axis (轴), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, runs north to south through the heart of Beijing． It bears witness to the city's evolution and exhibits evidence of urban __1__ (plan) traditions of China． The location, layout, roads and design showcase the ideal capital city as __2__ (document) in an ancient text, Book of Diverse Crafts． The area between two parallel rivers, __3__ (settle) for about 3，000 years, but the Central Axis itself originated during the Yuan Dynasty． Fascinated by China's heritage sites, a Frenchman Olivier Chiabodo, in __4__ joint effort with Beijing Keying Media, __5__ (produce) a documentary Beijing-Paris, Urban Dialogue at a Crossroads in 2024 to uncover the beauty of Beijing's Central Axis, __6__ to explore the protection and use of city axes like those in Beijing and Paris． Using technology as a medium, the documentary Chiabodo promotes not only introduces a more authentic China __7__ the world but also enables more people to gain a deeper understanding of France． Actually, Chiabodo's connection with China began in 1985．For him, China preserves its historical sites well． “I have been interested in China for years because of its many world heritage sites, __8__ are taken good care of． I __9__ (genuine) hope people across the world can see it and do the same，” says Chiabodo． In the future, Chiabodo has an __10__ (ambition) plan to film all the UNESCO world heritage sites in China and showcase them to the world． (注：4～6题属一个长难句3空设题) 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京中轴线的历史和文化意义及法国人拍摄相关纪录片向世界展示北京和巴黎等城市轴线的保护和利用。 1．planning 解析：考查名词。句意：它见证了这座城市的演变，展示了中国城市规划传统的证据。空处修饰名词traditions，应用plan的名词planning“规划”，作定语。故填planning。 2．documented 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：其位置、布局、道路和设计展示了如古代文献《考工记》所记载的理想都城。状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或从句主语为it)，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。本句中的方式状语从句完整句子为as it was ____________ (document) in an ancient text，其中it指代the ideal capital city; document“记载”与the ideal capital city之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词documented，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填documented。 3．has been settled 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这片位于两条平行河流之间的区域已经有大约3 000年的历史了，但中轴线本身起源于元朝。根据for about 3，000 years可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，settle与主语The area之间是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been settled。 4．a 解析：考查冠词。句意：2024年，痴迷于中国遗产遗址的法国人Olivier Chiabodo与北京科影传媒合作制作了一部纪录片《古都文明对话(北京—巴黎)》，以揭开北京中轴线的美丽面纱，并探索像北京和巴黎这样的城市轴线的保护和利用。in a joint effort with...表示“与……共同努力”，是固定短语。故填a。 5．produced 解析：考查时态。句意同上。根据in 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用produce的过去式。故填produced。 6．and 解析：考查连词。句意同第4题。to uncover the beauty of Beijing's Central Axis和to explore the protection and use of city axes like those in Beijing and Paris是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 7．to 解析：考查介词。句意：利用科技作为媒介，Chiabodo制作的这部纪录片不仅向世界介绍了一个更真实的中国，还让更多人深入了解法国。introduce...to...表示“把……介绍给……”，是固定搭配。故填to。 8．which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：多年来我一直对中国感兴趣，因为它有许多世界遗产地，这些遗产地都得到了很好的保护。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是world heritage sites，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．genuinely 解析：考查副词。句意：“……我真诚地希望世界各地的人们都能看到它并效仿。”Chiabodo说。本空修饰动词hope，用副词genuinely“真诚地”，作状语。故填genuinely。 10．ambitious 解析：考查形容词。句意：未来，Chiabodo有一个雄心勃勃的计划，要拍摄中国全部的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地，并向世界展示。空处修饰名词plan，用形容词ambitious“雄心勃勃的”，作前置定语。故填ambitious。 链接高考（测试时间：20分钟） Passage 1 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 1．entirely 2．instructor 3．and 4．feet 5．am supposed 6．which 7．descriptive 8．on 9．being 10．to meet 【导语】文章主要讲述作者首次清晨跟随老师体验太极课程的经历与感悟。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：太极课的前十五分钟，我们全程待在原地热身。本空修饰动词remain，作状语，用副词entirely“完全地，全程地”。 2．考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 3．考查连词。句意：你的身心合一。本空连接并列名词mind和body，用并列连词and。 4．考查名词复数。句意：她说：“双脚平行站立，用丹田支撑身体。”foot为可数名词，此处指双脚，用复数形式feet作宾语。 5．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 6．考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 7．考查形容词。句意：这些招式有着形象生动的名字，如“捧碗”和“揽雀尾”。本空修饰名词names，作定语，用形容词descriptive“描绘性的，形象的”。 8．考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one’s eyes on sb./sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：课程结束时才早上八点，天色尚早，我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，be的动名词形式为being。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 Passage 2 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 【答案】 1．to be held 2．frequency 3．the 4．were 5．necessities 6．for 7．Drawn 8．that/which 9．heading 10．cheaper 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国农村集市“大集”的日期、频率、历史渊源以及现代赶集的场景。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2．考查名词。句意：大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异。提示词与名词“dates”并列作主语，应用名词形式frequency，表示“频率”，不可数名词。 3．考查冠词。句意：大集起源于古代民间以物易物的习俗，可追溯至汉朝。专有名词Han Dynasty特指“汉朝”，需用定冠词the限定。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“at that time”表明用一般过去时态，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 5．考查名词复数。句意同上。名词necessity意为“必需品”时通常用复数形式，泛指日常所需的多种物品。 6．考查介词。句意：作为解决办法，人们在固定的日子里聚集到特定地点，用自己多余的物品来交换自己需要的东西。“trade A for B”是固定搭配，表示“用A交换B”。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：被街头小吃的香味所吸引，他们在热气腾腾的饺子摊和热汤面摊前排起长队。此处作状语，draw(吸引)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；且位于句首，首字母大写。 8．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：在回家之前，他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋，价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。提示词作后置定语修饰prices，且设空处后有“than”，应用比较级cheaper。 Passage 3 （2026·浙江省1月·高考真题）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】 1．to finish 2．in 3．numbers 4．watching 5．excitement 6．that/which 7．being pushed 8．the 9．and 10．seemingly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与母亲一起度过的快乐时光，以及母亲如何将平凡的日常活动变得充满乐趣。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 2．考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one’s arms表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。 3．考查名词复数。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。number“数字”是可数名词，此处指多个数字，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填numbers。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：她带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，就像它是一艘太空火箭的倒计时，兴奋和紧张一直持续到最后一刻：哔！本句已有谓语动词would dance，此处为独立主格结构，our eyes与watch之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填 watching。 5．考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 6．考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 8．考查冠词。句意：我记得在超市推着手推车，在凹凸不平的停车场地面就像坐过山车一样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。故填the。 9．考查连词。句意：她会加速，风吹着我们的头发向后飘，而我小小的声音喊着：“Weeee-eee-eee！”本空连接两个并列的独立主格结构the wind blowing our hair back和my tiny voice singing out为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处修饰形容词uneventful，应用副词seemingly“看似”，作状语。故填seemingly。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 语法填空（期中复习讲义） 语法填空通过语篇测试考生的语言知识与技能，在完整、真实、综合的语境中多角度考查考生运用语言知识理解语篇的能力。因此，考生要在掌握语法知识的基础上，灵活分辨时态和语态，掌握词性转换及名词、冠词、代词及连词的用法，确保语法填空得满分。 有提示词 01动词 根据句法结构，如果一个句子中出现多个动词，动词的形式有三种情况： 解题技巧 如何判定作谓语动词还是非谓语动词 1．(2025·全国一卷)“A decent winner主语 always ____________ (try) to beat the opponent宾语 by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side．” 2．(2025·全国一卷)“We hope谓语 ____________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate并列谓语 dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism．” 高频考点一　谓语动词 (一)动词的时态——“4技法”轻松破题 技法1 寻找时间状语 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years，时态标志词 some supermarkets ____________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份)． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As a little girl，表示过去 I ____________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up． Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English． 3．(2023·北京卷)Up to now，时态标志词 China ____________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves． 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____________ (be) previously表示过去 unprotected． 技法2 依据前后一致 1．(2024·全国甲卷)They ____________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent过去完成时 almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there． 2．(2023·浙江1月卷改编)The adult bees were一般过去时 angry and ____________ (keep) attacking as Ziyad escaped from一般过去时 the tree． 技法3 利用固定句式 1．It is the first time that固定句式 Chinese astronauts aboard the space station ____________ (see) the visit of a crewed spaceship, according to the CMSA． 2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he并列连词 heard the screams． 3．I say to him with a cheerful smile，“Go to exercise and you祈使句＋and＋陈述句 　　　　 (feel) better．” 技法4 借助语境暗示 1．(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ____________ (mean) there is always一般现在时 something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years． 2．(2022·全国乙卷)To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the一般过去时 Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday．时间状语 The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ____________ (address) the opening ceremony． (二)动词的语态——用逻辑关系把好方向 技法 利用逻辑关系判断语态 1．(2025·全国一卷)“The players' personalities ____________ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to一般现在时 the opponent，” she adds． 2．(2025·八省联考)Every language is worthy of respect and should情态动词 ____________ (treat) equally． (三)主谓一致——“2技法”解决考点 技法1 利用语法一致原则 1．(2025·全国二卷)And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times． The “sunshine scent (香味)”主语 of freshly sunned clothes ____________ (be) one of them． 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)The concept主语 ____________ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off． 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some of the things主语 that Tang was writing about ____________ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns． 技法2 就近/远一致原则 1．(2021·北京卷)There ____________there be结构　 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past时间状语 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations． 2．The musician along with his band members ____________ (give) ten performances in the last three months时间状语． 3．Four classical plays主语， including The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (update) and restored in the past few years时间状语 ． 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025・黑龙江协作体模拟) Renowned for its Quaternary volcanic landforms, the park, spanning 2，723 square kilometres, ____________ (feature) giant compound volcanic cones, ancient eruptions and their deposits, and the splendid Tianchi Lake． 2．He feels that neat handwriting ____________ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also with oldfashioned fountain pens． 3．(2025・广东名校联盟联考)“Growing tasty and healthy food ____________ (be) my dream since I was a teenager． I know how challenging it can be, but if you take the soil seriously, I believe it will pay off，” Guo says． 4．(2025・湖北武汉常青联合体联考) The horseface skirt ____________ (originate) in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty due to its functionality and artistic style． 5．(2025・湖南湖湘教育三新探索协作体联考) Mrs Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession． Before I joined her class, I ____________ (doubt) my ability as a writer． She persuaded me to join the poetry society and lit a fire in me for literature． 6．(2025・河南九校联盟联考) Clothes ____________ (develop) from previous practical belongings to today's social markers: they affect the way we see ourselves． 7．(2025・河北邢台四校质检联盟联考) Since ancient times, strong connections between the Chinese and the Turkish people ____________ (build) by cultural exchanges along the Silk Road． 8．(2025・江西赣州八校协作体联考) This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers ____________ (plant)，providing local residents with fresh produce and adding a touch of nature to urban environments． 9．(2025・重庆乌江新高考协作体联考) In each corner of the Forbidden City, lifelike dragons in various shapes can ____________ (see), both showcasing delicate craftsmanship and carrying deep historical and cultural significance． 10．(2025・辽宁五校协作体联考)“Stamp collecting has added more meaning to my travels． Turning the pages of those notebooks ____________ (feel) somewhat like looking at photos，” she said． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·广东汕头二模) Chinese opera, a special mix of music, dance, and dialogue, stands __1__ a cornerstone of traditional Chinese performing arts． __2__ root of Chinese opera goes back to ancient celebrations and folk dances during the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BCE－256 BCE) and it has developed into many different local styles, each with its own unique charm． The most representative one is Peking Opera, which __3__ (appear) during the Qing Dynasty and is known for its stylized movements, complex face painting, and unique vocal (唱腔) style and __4__ (similar), Chaoju (Teochew Opera), originating from Guangdong province, is famous for its graceful singing and lively performances, often __5__ (feature) stories of local legends and historical events． Chinese opera helps pass down cultural values and traditions, with stories often __6__ (draw) from history and folk stories． The Legend of the White Snake, for instance, tells the story of Bai Suzhen, the white snake spirit, falling in love with a human, through __7__ themes of love and betrayal (背叛) are explored． Costumes and make-up are also __8__ (form) of visual storytelling． Each color and pattern has specific meanings: red symbolizes loyalty (忠诚), while white represents dishonesty． While preserving its heritage, Chinese opera also welcomes modernity． __9__ (engage) modern audience, adaptations combine traditional elements with new themes and technologies, such as multimedia and special effects． This timeless art form continues to develop, reflecting China's cultural __10__ (deep) and social changes． (注：3～5题属一个长难句3空设题) B A global survey of microplastics reveals they are widespread throughout the water column, which could affect the ocean's ability to absorb carbon． “It's millions and millions of metric tonnes of this stuff throughout the interiors of the ocean，” says Tracy Mincer at Florida Atlantic University． Mincer and his coworkers have reviewed microplastic measurements __1__ (take) over the past decade from nearly 2，000 sites around the world． While most microplastic measurements focused on __2__ surface of the ocean, the data set included__3__ (sample) from a range of depths, including the deepest parts． They found that microplastics have been recorded virtually everywhere people have looked, including the Mariana Trench (海沟), __4__ more than 13，000 microplastic particles (微粒) per cubic metre __5__ (measure) nearly 7 kilometres down． The researchers were __6__ (surprise) to see that the smallest particles are distributed almost __7__ (even) throughout the water column． “We expect __8__ (find) plastics at the bottom of the ocean, and at the top of the ocean, but not everywhere，” says Aron Stubbins at Northeastern University in Massachusetts． They also found that the polymers (聚合物) in these plastics account __9__ a significant percentage of the carbon particles __10__ (float) around． At depths of 2，000 metres, where there is less biological activity than nearer to the surface, they make up as much as 5 per cent of the carbon． (注：2～3，4～5，6～7，9～10题属一个长难句2空设题) 高频考点二　非谓语动词 [思维导图]——非谓语动词题3大思维方向 技法1 成分分析法——掌握“句法功能”“意义区别” 1．(2025·全国二卷)If you've never experienced谓语 the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____________ (leave)被动关系 to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders． 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)____________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson主语 said，谓语 “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed．” 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________ (lift)动宾关系 out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents． 技法2 线索暗示法——关注介词和并列连词 1．(2025·八省联考)Chinese plays an increasingly important role in在……中发挥越来越重要的作用，in为介词 ____________ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world． 2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a imagine oneself doing sth． 想象某人自己做某事 different time in history or并列连词 ____________ (walk) through a rainforest． 技法3 固定搭配法——常见结构心中记 1．(2025·全国一卷)“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art，” says Tu． “We hope ____________ (present)跟不定式作宾语 the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism．” 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean ____________mean doing sth．意味着做某事 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says． 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025・广东佛山 S6 高质量发展联盟联考) They imprint the stamps, usually with single or multicolored pictures of the scenic spots or images of famous people on postcards or in travel journals, thus ____________ (create) a unique memory of their travels． 2．(2025・陕西咸阳模拟) Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art—that of Beijing silk figurines (北京绢人)． In 1997，she established a studio with five other enthusiasts． Then they spent an entire year making several figurines，only ____________ (find) there was no market for their products． 3．(2025・河南部分名校联考)____________ (paint) in the handscroll (手卷) with cavalier perspective painting methods, the entire piece vividly illustrates the urban life of Suzhou during the High Qing era, with lively trades, countless businessmen and various goods． 4．(2025・甘肃兰州模拟) Most people would probably just see wheat straw as a pile of waste in a farmer's field． However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw leftover from ____________ (harvest) wheat into beautiful and eyecatching functional artworks． 5．(2025・湖北武汉模拟) Clothes ____________ (feature) traditional Chinese elements combined with modern designs called the “new Chinese style”，have developed into a fashion trend among the younger generations not only in China but also worldwide． 6．(2025・浙江嘉兴模拟) Rooftop farming, also ____________ (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend． It's a step towards environmental conservation． 7．(2025・山东滨州模拟) Shenzhen's first coffeethemed post office opened at the Science and Technology Park in Nanshan District． Postal elements can be seen everywhere, with stamps, postcards and cakes in the shapes of mailboxes, mail carts and an oldstyle postman bicycle ____________ (exhibit)． 8．(2025・江苏盐城五校联考) Karagoz is a dramatic form of storytelling where shadows are projected onto a white screen, with a multitasking performer ____________ (sing) the tunes and words of the story and the lead puppeteer controlling the movement of the puppets． 9．(2025・吉林长春模拟) This science is called biomimetics． Bio means “living things” and mimetics means “copying”． It involves ____________ (draw) inspiration from nature's designs and processes to solve human problems or improve technology． 10．(2025・河北石家庄模拟) The purpose of the exchange program is ____________ (promote) the understanding between the two countries． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·江西景德镇二模) The UNESCO inscribed the Spring Festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity． The decision __1__ (make) during the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, taking place in Paraguay from December 2 to 7 in 2024． The committee recognized the festival for its wide range of cultural __2__ (element)． UNESCO highlighted that the Spring Festival represents the rich cultural heritage of China and contributes to the diversity of global cultures． The committee also emphasized that the festival reflects the harmony between humans and nature and __3__ (contribute) to sustainable development in areas such as food security and education． It also plays a key role __4__ raising environmental awareness． China's vice minister of Culture and Tourism, Rao Quan, __5__ led the Chinese delegation at the UNESCO session, expressed gratitude for the __6__ (recognize)． He stressed that the Spring Festival is China's most important traditional holiday, __7__ (symbolize) the Chinese people's hopes for a better life, strong ties to family and country, and the values of harmony between humans and nature． Rao further explained that the festival, __8__ (pass) down through generations, has carried significance in promoting family and social harmony, driving __9__ (economy) development and fostering global cultural exchange and he added that __10__ inclusion of the Spring Festival on the UNESCO list will help promote universal values of peace and harmony． (注： 8～10题属一个长难句3空设题)　　　 B Guangji Bridge is a historic bridge that stretches across the Han River in Chaozhou, Guangdong province, China． It is one of the four great ancient bridges of China, along with Zhaozhou Bridge, Luoyang Bridge, and Lugou Bridge． Guangji Bridge is unique and special__1__ layout and structure． Guangji Bridge is 518 meters long, which __2__ (compose) of two sections of stone beam (梁) bridges with 30 bridge pavilions (亭) in the east and west and a section of pontoon bridge (浮桥) in the middle． The pontoon bridge can be put aside for ships __3__ (pass) through． This is one of the greatest __4__ (creation) in China's history of bridge construction． Guangji Bridge, commonly known as Xiangzi Bridge, was __5__ (original) built in 1171 AD but it has suffered from the impact of time and since 2003, it __6__ (experience) a four-year comprehensive restoration, and it was reopened in 2007 and soon became __7__ must-see scenic spot in Chaozhou． Guangji Bridge is not only a remarkable __8__ (engineer) achievement, but also a symbol of Chaozhou's history and culture． It reflects the wisdom __9__ creativity of the ancient people． It also demonstrates how strong-willed and determined the people were __10__ took care of it． (注： 5～7题属一个长难句3空设题) 02词性转换与词形变化 　词性转换 技法1 根据设空处的修饰词或被修饰词确定词性转换 1．提示词为形容词，被冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰时，形容词要转换为名词。 2．提示词为动词，被冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词修饰时，动词要转换为名词。 3．提示词为形容词，若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或全句，应考虑副词形式。 1．(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the后跟名词 ____________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air． 2．(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____________ (digital) generated副词修饰形容词 pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition． 3．(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive冠词＋形容词修饰名词 ____________ (solve) to one-time event dressing． 技法2 根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性转换 1．提示词为名词，空处在句中作表语，或作定语修饰名词，名词要转换为形容词。 2．提示词为名词，空处在句中作谓语，名词要转换为动词。 3．提示词为形容词，空处作介词或及物动词的宾语，形容词要转换为名词。 4．提示词为动词，空处在句中作定语，动词要转换为形容词。 5．提示词为动词，空处在句中作表语，动词要转换为名词或形容词。 1．(2025·全国一卷)“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal． You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow后跟宾语 your ‘____________ (guide)’ till they lose，” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition． 2．(2025·全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____________ (center) heating doesn't修饰名词作定语 exist． 3．(2025·全国一卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____________ (strategy) placement修饰名词作定语 of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition． 词形变化 技法1 利用修饰词或谓语动词判断名词的复数形式 1．有数词或these、those、several、many、all、both、various、numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。 2．名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。 3．若谓语动词是复数形式，且空处作主语，则空处应填名词复数形式。 1．(2025·全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue修饰复数名词 sky ____________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air． 2．(2025·浙江1月卷)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer ____________修饰复数名词 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular． 技法2 根据提示词与其后的名词的所属关系确定名词的所有格 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for ____________ (people) lives所属关系 today, and I know that doesn't always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says． 2．(2021·浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a ____________ (person) weight所属关系 in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy． 技法3 凭借标志词、固定句型或语境暗示判断形容词或副词的比较等级 1．比较级 (1)空前有much、far、still、even、rather、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal或空后有than等标志词时，应考虑用比较级。 (2)句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。 (3)“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。 (4)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。 (5)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。 2．最高级 (1)设空后有表示范围的标志词in、of、among等时，用最高级。 (2)设空前有“one of the...”或“the＋序数词”等修饰词时，用最高级。 (3)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。 1．(2022·北京卷)That's a big problem and it is getting even ____________修饰比较级 (bad)．The use of those plastics has increased by 300% since 2019． 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature“the＋比较级，the＋比较级” gets, the ____________ (hot) the spring! 3．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the后跟最高级 ____________ (large) United States national park—2．2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12．3 million acres． 技法4 根据空处在句中所作的成分确定代词和数词 1．提示词为代词，空格处作宾语、表语、同位语，考虑填宾格、名词性物主代词或反身代词。 2．提示词为代词，空格处作定语，考虑填形容词性物主代词。 3．提示词为基数词，空格处作定语，考虑填序数词。 1．(2025·全国二卷)Over time, I've found谓语动词后跟宾语 ____________ (I) feeling extremely at home here． And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times． 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the ____________ (six) century B．C．数词作定语，修饰名词，表顺序 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025・浙江杭州模拟) The oldest ____________ (evident) of noodles was from 4，000 years ago in China． 2．(2025・广东汕头模拟) The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its ____________ (survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround． 3．(2025・陕西咸阳模拟) Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong, is an enthusiastic ____________ (support) of this idea． 4．(2025・河南郑州模拟) Shadow play, a conventional form of theatrical ____________ (entertain), has survived for centuries． 5．(2025・山西太原模拟) Images of these objects found at Sanxingdui and their patterns have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu，a ____________ (civilize) that thrived for nearly 8 centuries in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty，and disappeared suddenly, leaving many myths and legends． 6．(2025・云南师大附中模拟) The findings from about seven years of biodiversity research give us ____________ (warn) that climate change caused by humans has had a destroying effect on nature． 7．(2025・吉林四校联考) In recent years, Moutai has been looking for ways to be more ____________ (access) and pull in a new generation of users, said Zhu Danpeng, a food and drink expert． 8．(2025・江西南昌模拟) It perfectly combined traditional instruments like pipa and guzheng with contemporary trends, creating a unique experience for the audience, who remained enthusiastic and ____________ (engage) despite the cold weather． 9．(2025・福建福州模拟) She also said she had no choice but to stop the online ordering system ____________ (temporary) at around 1：30 pm because there were more than 200 orders still to be completed． 10．(2025・湖北武汉重点中学 5G 联合体联考) Jiang's story is one of victory over adversity． More ____________ (incredible), she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan province． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·福建泉州四校模拟) Many people may throw away the pits (核) or nuts after eating fruits, but nut carving inheritors will collect and turn them into artworks． “One nut, __1__ (range) from 0．8 to 6 centimeters, can be made into delicate fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals, etc．，” said Tan Wanhai, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving． Weifang nut carving __2__ (date) back to the Qing Dynasty． During that time, retired imperial craftsman Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people． Craftsmen back then often used peach pits __3__ (show) off their artistic skills． Due to the rigorous (缜密的) carving skills __4__ its rich artistic content, Weifang nut carving __5__ (list) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008． Tan couldn't forget __6__ impressed he was when he first saw a nut carving． Yet, the 49-year-old craftsman admitted that the journey of bringing this kind of masterpiece to life is not all smooth sailing． “__7__ some pits with a flat surface, each peach pit has its own unique texture (纹理)，” Tan said, adding that craftsmen have to study and trace each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork． Now, __8__ number of inheritors following the tradition is about 1，000 but Tan believes it could be __9__ (high) as more craftsmen give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open up the __10__ (occupy) to anyone who is interested． (注：8～10题属一个长难句3空设题)　　　 B Glacier (冰川) National Park was __1__ (official) established on May 11, 1910． Located in the northern Rocky Mountains of Montana, the park covers over a million acres and is known for its dramatic peaks, untouched lakes, thick forests and glaciers． In the late 1800s, European-American settlers and explorers began to recognize the region's extraordinary beauty and ecological value． __2__ (influence) by the growing conservation movement and the success of Yellowstone (established in 1872), advocates campaigned for federal (联邦的) protection of the Glacier region． Their efforts paid off when President William Howard Taft signed the law__3__ (establish) Glacier as the 10th national park in the United States． Glacier National Park quickly became __4__ destination for nature lovers, artists, and adventurers． The __5__ (construct) of the Going-to-the-Sun Road, __6__ was completed in 1932, made the park's interior more __7__ (access) and is now considered a masterpiece of engineering and one of the most scenic drives in the country． Since its establishment in 1910, Glacier National Park __8__ (stand) as a symbol of America's commitment __9__ preserving natural beauty and biodiversity． Though the number of glaciers in the park has decreased due to climate change, Glacier remains a vital shelter for hundreds of plant and animal species and an irreplaceable treasure for future __10__ (generation)． (注：5～7题属一个长难句3空设题) 无提示词 冠词、介词、代词 01 冠词 1．(2025·全国一卷)Go is one of ____________ earliest binary-based最高级前用the　 (基于二元的) games． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas, even though ____________ language used for the medical training instructions过去分词短语作后置定语 is actually English． 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect ____________ culture of grassroots Beijingers． 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____________ first time．第一次 2．(2024·浙江1月卷)Then, when you use one section, ____________other stays一个……另一个…… fresh． 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of　一点点，稍许 sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious． 02 介词 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands ____________ a great achievement 作为伟大成就in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route... 2．(2024·全国甲卷)This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____________ all people of the nation to enjoy供全国人民欣赏—as a national park． 3．(2024·九省联考)He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ____________old-fashioned fountain pens．方式状语 4．(2023·浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing's long history 　　　　 the capital of China，作为中国的首都 almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events． 04代词 1．(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Running is cheap, easy and it's always energetic． If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ____________ a try．指代 running 2．(2017·全国Ⅱ卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using ____________指代 railway every day． 1．(2025·江苏盐城模拟)The car crash has also left dozens of people injured, five of ____________ being指代dozens of people，作介词of的宾语 in a critical condition． 2．(2025·河南郑州模拟)This school is one of the top schools in our city, ____________ equipped with相当于a school modern teaching equipment． 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025・东北育才中学模拟) The next year, he ordered that the day after Hanshi Day should be ________ Qingming Festival, a day to honor the dead． 2．(2025・浙江台金七校联考) The earliest batch (一批) of tea has ________ better flavor than the later batches which can be grown overnight． 3．(2025・湖南湖湘教育三新探索协作体联考)“One nut, ranging from 0．8 to 6 centimetres, can be made into delicate fan pendants (扇坠)，earrings, buttons, seals, etc．，”said Tan Wanhai, ________ inheritor of Weifang nut carving． 4．(2025・山东潍坊模拟) Depending on the lantern's size, ________ number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million． 5．(2025・西北名校联考) China plans to start building a lunar base... “ Eventually, building a habitation outside ________ Earth is essential not only for all humanity's quest for space exploration, but also for China's strategic needs as a space power，” Ding said in a separate interview． 6．(2025・重庆南开中学模拟) In ________ Forbidden City, the dragons, whether flying in the sky, leaping between beams (梁)，or hidden in the details, all tell ancient stories． 7．(2025・四川成都模拟) In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors were burnt by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of ________ warriors have been unearthed with their original colouring still largely undamaged． 8．(2025・湖南长沙雅礼中学模拟) Since ancient times, strong connections between ________ Chinese and the Turkish people have been built by cultural exchange along the Silk Road． 9．(2025・广东广州模拟) This overlapping nature leaves openings in the front and back of the skirt，making ________ very suitable for horseriding． 10．(2025・湖北鄂东南省级示范高中联考) However，the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than ________ of its writing，which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7，000 years ago． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·广东广州二模) Once a little-known dish from China's northwest, Lanzhou beef noodle soup is now winning hearts globally． A recent article describes __1__ this surprisingly simple meal has become popular in __2__ (city) like New York, London, and Sydney． Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people's appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give __3__ a try． Diners appreciate both its taste and the experience it offers． In a Manhattan eatery, cooks stretch dough (面团) into noodles right __4__ customers' eyes． “It's like magic，” said one diner． Diners are also amazed by the unique and __5__ (impressive)chewy texture of Lanzhou noodles, which offers a distinct mouthfeel unlike any other． The soup, __6__ (cook)for hours with beef bones and spices, has a rich flavor． In Queens, a restaurant prepares a version __7__ respects the dishes' cultural roots and combines 20 spices to produce a hearty soup． The owner even video-calls her grandparents in China for recipes． In Flushing, the owner of a noodle shop adapts the soup based on customer feedback, making it thicker and spicier __8__ (suit) local preferences． As food expert C．Doyle notes, “There's no single ‘correct’ version—it keeps evolving．” From street food to global star, Lanzhou beef noodle soup shows that sharing food __9__ (bridge) cultural differences, with each bowl __10__ (tell) a story of tradition, creativity, and the delight of flavor discovery． (注：9～10题属一个长难句2空设题) B Just as Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty was famous for his love of calligraphy and paintings, he was __1__ (equal) attracted to jade (玉)． During his rule, his passion for jade drove the art of jade carving __2__ heights． In his lifetime, Emperor Qianlong wrote about 800 poems in __3__ (appreciate) of jade that expressed his joy and admiration of craftsmanship (技艺), especially when he received __4__ truly precious piece． Among the numerous jade artifacts (艺术品) __5__ caught the emperor's eye and inspired his poetry were Hindustani jade ships __6__ (originate) from the Mughal Empire, which ruled India from the 16th to 19th centuries． These very thin and almost see-through __7__ (item), like bowls, plates, teapots, and vases, had new and interesting shapes and __8__ (carve) with pretty flower and leaf patterns． They were made smooth and sometimes had gold or silver put into them． __9__ (expand) production, the emperor gathered craftsmen from Jiangnan, the region south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River—Suzhou and Yangzhou in today's Jiangsu province in particular—to the court． In his __10__ (late) years, Emperor Qianlong made the decision to cease the production of the delicate Hindustani style due to its high costs in raw materials, labor, and time． 并列连词和三大从句 01并列连词 技法1　关系分析法 1．(2025·全国二卷)But it's amazing how you can adapt ____________ learn并列关系 in a new environment． 2．(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____________ 固定搭配 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh． 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), ____________固定搭配 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头)． 4．(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work， ____________ 转折关系somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination． 5．(2021·浙江6月卷)Although Mary loved flowers, ____________ she nor固定搭配 her husband was known as a gardener． 技法2　固定句型法 1．Still, eat well and enjoy yourself every day in life，祈使句 ____________ you will get a worthwhile reward．陈述句 2．One day, the cow was eating grass ____________ 固定句型it began to rain heavily． 3．Hardly had we arrived at the farm ____________固定句型 we saw many oranges hanging from the branches． 02定语从句 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route先行词，指物 ____________作主语 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England． 2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2．2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias先行词，指物 in southern Alaska，注意逗号 ____________作主语 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12．3 million acres． 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 先行词，指人　注意逗号　作主语____________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown． 4．(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ____________先行词，指物　作主语 will make them the most money． 5．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____________先行词，指物　作主语 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past． 1．(2025·全国二卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang，先行词 China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____________ bamboo作地点状语 　 　 and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn't exist． 2．(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in先行词 the heart of America ____________ all作地点状语 life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings． 03名词性从句 1．(2024·全国甲卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____________ is now northwestern Wyoming． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists． This is ____________ they need an English trainer． 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed． 04状语从句 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)____________ the two young women were strangers before the meet, they've since become friends． 2．(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard ____________ we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there． 基础通关（测试时间：20分钟） Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2025・河南郑州模拟) As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement ________ promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce． 2．(2025・海南海口模拟)“When people reinterpret negative experiences as functional，they are more willing to engage in tasks that call forth those experiences，” the researchers explain． “Instead of seeing discomfort as unrelated to the goal ________ a signal to stop, they will start perceiving it as a sign of progress toward their goal．” 3．(2025・广东惠州模拟) The project not only marks a significant advancement in the application of AI in agriculture, ________ underlines the cooperation between academics and industry． 4．(2025・湖北黄冈模拟) Velcro (尼龙搭扣) was invented by the Swiss engineer Georges de Mestral in 1955． He was walking in the countryside ________ he pulled a burr (刺果) off his trousers． He noticed how well the burr stuck to his clothes ________ he studied its design． 5．(2025・江西十校协作体联考) The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal． The valley, including a museum, claims to be the only place ________ visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants． 6．(2025・浙江金华十校联考) According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty ________ sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice． 7．(2025・广西 “贵百河 — 武高” 联考) To create a brighter future, we should do our best to build our society into one in ________ every member lives healthily and harmoniously． 8．(2025・湖南九校联盟联考) An explosive mixture of gunpowder and chemical compounds (化合物) is ________ makes fireworks flash in pretty colors and fun shapes． The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the shell of the firework． 9．(2025・河北衡水中学模拟)“Growing tasty and healthy food has been my dream ________ I was a teenager． I know ________ challenging it can be, but ________ you take the soil seriously, I believe it will pay off，” Guo says． 10．(2025・河南许平汝名校模拟) All in all, ________ you are interested in material arts ________ want an allround approach to wellbeing, Maze Fist ensures you a rewarding experience． Ⅱ．语法填空 A (2025·安徽滁州二模) Tanghulu, a jewel-like Chinese treat, is a time capsule, carrying a history tracing back to the Song Dynasty． Simple as it looks, __1__ process of making Tanghulu is a delicate dance of timing, temperature, and technique． The journey begins with selecting the freshest fruits． Hawthorn berries, the traditional choice, __2__ (prize) for their sourness and firm texture． A knife slips in, seeds removed, leaving the fruits hollow __3__ tiny lanterns． Then they are threaded onto bamboo sticks, spaced __4__ (even) for a fine appearance． The magic happens when sugar meets heat． A 2∶1 mix of sugar and water is heated __5__ it reaches the “hard-crack stage”， at which point a drop of syrup (糖浆) hardens into fragile glass when cooled, signaling __6__ (ready)． Next comes the critical step, coating． Holding a stick at a 45-degree angle, the maker quickly rolls it in the syrup, __7__ (let) the liquid sugar wrap around each fruit． As the sugar cools, it forms a glass-like shell that shines under the light． Tanghulu's __8__ (culture) significance matches its sweetness． It represents life's balance: sweetness masking sourness, much like joy and hardship coexist． Historically, it was believed __9__ (assist) digestion, but today, it's a nostalgic treat． To bite into Tanghulu is to taste history—a sweet, juicy reminder __10__ some traditions, though time-coated, never lose their core． (注：5～6题属一个长难句2空设题) B (2025·湖南新高考教学教研联盟二模) The Beijing Central Axis (轴), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, runs north to south through the heart of Beijing． It bears witness to the city's evolution and exhibits evidence of urban __1__ (plan) traditions of China． The location, layout, roads and design showcase the ideal capital city as __2__ (document) in an ancient text, Book of Diverse Crafts． The area between two parallel rivers, __3__ (settle) for about 3，000 years, but the Central Axis itself originated during the Yuan Dynasty． Fascinated by China's heritage sites, a Frenchman Olivier Chiabodo, in __4__ joint effort with Beijing Keying Media, __5__ (produce) a documentary Beijing-Paris, Urban Dialogue at a Crossroads in 2024 to uncover the beauty of Beijing's Central Axis, __6__ to explore the protection and use of city axes like those in Beijing and Paris． Using technology as a medium, the documentary Chiabodo promotes not only introduces a more authentic China __7__ the world but also enables more people to gain a deeper understanding of France． Actually, Chiabodo's connection with China began in 1985．For him, China preserves its historical sites well． “I have been interested in China for years because of its many world heritage sites, __8__ are taken good care of． I __9__ (genuine) hope people across the world can see it and do the same，” says Chiabodo． In the future, Chiabodo has an __10__ (ambition) plan to film all the UNESCO world heritage sites in China and showcase them to the world． (注：4～6题属一个长难句3空设题) 链接高考（测试时间：20分钟） Passage 1 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题）My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. Passage 2 （2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. Passage 3 （2026·浙江省1月·高考真题）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $