Unit 2 课文翻译 语法总结 考点梳理 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级下册

Unit2 Growing pains and gains Understanding ideas You just don’t get me! [Mum is sitting in the living room, worried. The clock reads 10:27 pm. The son runs through the door, out of breath.] Son: (breathing quickly) I'm back... Mum: Look at the time! Do you remember your promise? Son: (in a low voice) Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight. But... Mum: (interrupting) A deal is a deal! The promise wasn't kept, so you can't stay out late next time. Son: Mum, please listen... I was heading back at 8:30. Mum: Then why are you late? Son: On my way back, I realised that my phone was at Jiacheng's house. I had to go back to get it. Mum: Why did it take that long to get your phone? Son: Halfway back, I noticed an old woman under a street lamp. She was wearing a thin blouse and it was cold. She looked pale. I asked her if she needed help. She said she was lost. Mum: So you sent her home? Son: No! She couldn't tell me her address. Mum: Then what did you do? Son: I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. It had her information on it. But I couldn't call her family without my phone. So I gave her my jacket and took her to the nearest police station. I waited with her until she was taken home by a policewoman. After that I ran to pick up my phone and came home. Mum: Oh, what a night! I'm sorry for being cross with you. But why didn't you phone me from the police station? I was so worried! Son: Oh, I didn't think of that... Sorry, Mum... Mum: Now I understand. I'm very proud of you. Translation 你根本不懂我！ [妈妈坐在客厅里，神情担忧。时钟显示晚上10点27分。儿子冲进门，喘着气。] 儿子：（急促地喘息）我回来了…… 妈妈：看看时间！你还记得你的承诺吗？ 儿子：（低声说）记得，我答应过今晚9点前回来。但是…… 妈妈：（打断）说好的就是说好的！既然没兑现承诺，下次就不能再晚归了。 儿子：妈妈，请听我说……我本来是打算八点半就回来的。 妈妈：那你为什么迟到了？ 儿子：回家的路上，我突然想起来手机还放在嘉诚家。我得回去取。 妈妈：怎么取个手机要这么久？ 儿子：半路上，我看到路灯下有个老太太，穿着单薄的上衣，天气很冷，脸色苍白。我问她要不要帮忙，她说自己迷路了。 妈妈：那你送她回家了吗？ 儿子：没有！她没法告诉我她的地址。 妈妈：那你怎么做的？ 儿子：我检查了一下，发现她手腕上戴着一条黄色的手环，上面有她的信息。但我没有手机，无法联系她的家人。于是我把外套给了她，带她去了最近的警察局。我在那里陪她，直到一名女警把她送回家。之后我赶紧去取了手机，才回到家。 妈妈：哦，真是惊险的一晚！对不起，刚才不该对你发火。但你怎么不从警察局给我打电话呢？我急死了！ 儿子：哎呀，我没想那么多……对不起，妈妈…… 妈妈：现在我明白了。我真为你感到骄傲。 考点梳理 考点一 worry v. 使...担心 [语法 完型] worried adj. 感到担心的 /worry过去式 ▲worry about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 Eg: Don’t worry about the man in black. ▲be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某物 Eg: We are worried about the man in black. 补充：worrying adj. 令人担心的 典例：完成句子 1. I'm _____ _____ _____ her—she can take care of herself. 我不担心她—她能照顾好自己。 2. During the earthquake, she _____ _____ her family’s safety. 地震期间，她担心她家人的安危。 3.Howard's injured leg is _____ _____ _____ part. 霍华德受伤的腿是最让人担心的地方。 考点二 notice v. 注意到; 感觉到 [语法 完型] ▲notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在做某事 Eg：He noticed a plastic sheet(塑料片) lying under the wheels(轮子) when the game started. ▲notice sb. do sth. 注意某人经常做某事 Eg: I notice my grandparents walk after dinner. n. 通知；布告 Eg:Do you see the notice about after-school clubs? 补充：see/watch/hear用法，同上 典例：完成句子 1.Students were talking so happily that they didn’t notice the teacher ___ ___. 学生们正在欢快地聊天，没有注意到老师进来。 2.Oliver noticed the girl ____ hard every night. 奥利弗注意到那个女孩每天晚上都在努力工作。 考点三 cross adj. 生气的； [语法 完型] v. 穿过(表面) ▲be cross with sb. 生某人的气 同“angry” Eg:The man was cross with these two bikers. ▲cross+n. = walk/go across +n. 穿过(从表面) Eg:He walked across the street to buy Boba milk tea. =He crossed the street to buy Boba milk tea. 拓：crossing /crossroad n. 十字路口 典例：连词成句 1.because,the,cross,talking,the boy,teacher,kept, in class,with,was he 2.careful, remember, when,street, cross, to be, you,the 考点四 head v.朝着...前进 n. 头 [语法 完型] ▲head back 往回走；调头 Eg: The Lixiang car headed back at the crossing. ▲have a headache 头痛 Eg: Seeing this situation, you must have a headache,too. 典例： 1.The new term is coming.We ______ to school a few days later.‌ A. head back B. headed back C. will head back 2.I need to get some fresh air ______ my head after a long day's work. A. to clear B. to get C. to cross D. to avoid 3.—Why didn’t you _____ the meeting yesterday? —Because I had a _____ headache. A.refuse;light B.miss;serious C.avoid;common D.forget;light Developing ideas From pain to gain 21 Oct 2021 Dear diary, I had a really bad day. I tried out for the basketball team, but the coach said I wasn't tall enough. This has been my dream since I was a little girl! I have practised so much, and it all ended today. I feel very bad.... 17 Sep 2025 Dear diary, 1 I was just reading my diary from four years ago. How time flies! Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team. I couldn't help laughing at my heartbreaking words then. Basketball was really a big deal for me. But things changed soon after that. 2 I was so hurt by my failure back then, and my friends were all worried. "Why not try something else, like swimming or skiing?" suggested my best friend. At first, I swam just to take my mind off things. But soon, I fell completely in love with the sport. I've won several competitions now and I've made a lot of friends. My life has taken a different turn. 3 It's great to look back and see my pains and gains with fresh eyes. Growing up will never be an easy thing. But we need to look at challenges the right way. 4 Now I understand that failure is a part of life. It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives. I have experienced many other terrible moments since then. But I have never felt so bad again. I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment. When one door closes, another opens. Life is waiting for us with many other surprises. 5 Tomorrow is another day. 从痛苦到收获 2021年10月21日 亲爱的日记， 我今天过得特别糟糕。我参加了篮球队的选拔，但教练说我个子不够高。这可是我从小到大的梦想啊！我付出了那么多努力，可一切都在今天结束了。我感到非常难过…… 2025年9月17日 亲爱的日记， 1 我刚刚翻看了四年前的日记。时光飞逝！那时，我因为个子太矮没能加入篮球队，感到非常失望。现在再读当时那些令人心酸的文字，我不禁笑了出来。篮球对我来说确实意义重大。但事情很快发生了改变。 2 那次失败让我深受打击，朋友们都很担心。“不如试试别的运动，比如游泳或滑雪？”我的好朋友建议道。起初，我只是为了转移注意力才去游泳，但很快我就彻底爱上了这项运动。如今我已经赢得过多次比赛，也结交了许多朋友。我的人生因此走上了不同的道路。 3 回首往事，用新的眼光看待曾经的痛苦与收获，感觉真好。成长从来都不容易，但我们必须以正确的方式面对挑战。 4 现在我明白了，失败是生活的一部分。它可能在我们人生的任何阶段降临。自那以后，我经历过许多其他可怕的时刻。但我再也没感到如此糟糕过。我清楚地知道，失败只持续一瞬间。当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门会打开。生活正以无数惊喜等待着我们。 5 明天又是崭新的一天。 考点梳理 考点一 try v. 尝试；尽力做 [语法 完型] n. 尝试 /tried过去式 区分※tired 疲惫的 ▲try to do sth. 尽力做某事 Eg: The policeman climbed up the slide(滑梯) and then tried to slide down safely. ▲try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事 Eg: Police tried their best to keep children safe. 补充：have a try=give it a try 试一试 try on 试穿 典例：完成句子 1. We should _____ _____ _____ pandas,because they are in great danger. 我们应该尽力去保护熊猫，因为它们处于濒危之中。 2. There are many beautiful dresses in this shop, let’s _____ _____ _____. 这家店有很多漂亮的裙子，让我们去试试吧。 3. The doctors always _____ _____ _____ _____ save the patients. 医生们总是尽他们最大努力去救助病人。 考点二 help v. 帮助; n. 帮助 [语法 完型] ▲help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Eg:The girl was tired, so he helped her have a rest. ▲help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人 Eg:Mr. William helps students with their English. ▲can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 Eg:The girl is so poor that we can’t help doing something for her. ※易错：can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 ▲ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 Eg:The girl asked her friends for help. ▲with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 Eg:With the help of Chinese government, people’s lives are becoming better and better. 反：without one’s help 没有某人的帮助 典例： 1.If we meet some difficulties in our studies,we can ask ___ ___ ___ ___. 如果我们在学习上遇到了困难，我们可以向老师们寻求帮助。 2.We ____ ____ ____ at his funny words. 他搞笑的话让我们忍不住笑了。 3.One of his friends often ___ ___ ___ his maths after school. 他的一个朋友经常在放学后帮他学数学。 4. ____ ____ ____ ,we can’t finish this task on time. 没有老师的帮助，我们没法按时完成这个任务。 考点三 turn v. 转；转变；变得 n. 转变 [语法 完型] ▲turn left/right 向左/右转 Eg:The car turned left at the end of this street. ▲turn+颜色 变成...(颜色) Eg:The leaves on the tree will turn yellow in autumn. ▲take a great turn 发生极大的变化 Eg:The hedgehog’s look will take a great turn after two weeks.刺猬 拓：turn on/off 打开/关闭 turn around 转身 典例：翻译句子 1.The rabbit heard the sound and turned around. 2.He noticed the baby sleeping,so he turned off the TV. 3.Lily’s life has taken a great turn since her family moved to Huizhou. 考点四 clear v.(烟,雾等)消散;清除 [语法 完型] adj.清楚的;干净的 unclear 反义词 clearly adv.清晰地;明显地;干净地 unclearly Eg: The sky cleared after the rain. Her voice was clear as she spoke louder. She explained the rule clearly. ▲clear up 收拾整理；放晴 Eg: Let's clear up the room. 典例：翻译句子 1. She cleared the table after dinner. 2. The road was clear and I arrived there soon by car. 3. I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment. 4. We enjoy taking a boat on the West Lake. The water in the lake is very clear. 语法总结： 一、一般过去时被动语态语法总结 1. 基本结构 一般过去时的被动语态由“was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 (done)”构成。其中，was用于第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数主语，were用于第二人称及所有复数主语。 2. 核心用法 表示过去某一时间的被动动作：强调动作在过去发生，且主语是承受者。例如：Paper was first invented in China.（纸最初是在中国被发明的）。 强调动作的承受者：当需要突出动作的承受对象，或者动作的执行者不重要、不明确时。例如：The song was composed by a student.（这首歌是一名学生写的）。 动作的执行者不是人时，通常使用被动语态。例如：The roof was covered with a layer of snow.（屋顶被一层雪覆盖着）。 3. 句式变化 肯定句：主语 + was/were + done + (by + 执行者). 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + done + (by + 执行者). 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + done + (by + 执行者)? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + done + (by + 执行者)? 4. 主动变被动的转换步骤 以主动句 They built the bridge in 2010. 为例： 第一步：将主动句的宾语（the bridge）变为被动句的主语。 第二步：将谓语动词变为“was/were + 过去分词”形式（was built）。 第三步：将主动句的主语（They）变为“by + 宾格”（by them），在语境明确时通常可省略。 第四步：保留其他成分（如时间状语 in 2010）。 二、 三种一般时态被动用法对比总结 语法小贴士： 在所有的被动语态中，时态的变化仅仅体现在be动词上，而过去分词(done)始终保持不变。此外，只有及物动词才能构成被动语态，不及物动词（如happen, take place）没有被动形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $