2027年上海中考英语词汇专项过关训练（第十四套）

2027年上海中考英语词汇专项过关训练（第十四套） 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 n.&v. 研究，调查 v.&n. 尊重；敬重 n. 休息；剩余部分 v. 休息 n. 结果 v. 产生，导致 v. 复述，重述 v. 返回；归还 v.&n. 复习；回顾 n. 奖励 v. 奖赏 adj. 富有的；丰富的 v. 骑 n. 短途骑行 v. 鸣响；打电话 n. 戒指；铃声 v. 上升，升起 n. 风险 v. 冒险 n. 河流 v. 抢劫，抢夺 n. 岩石，石块 n. 角色；作用 v. 滚动；卷 n. 根；根源 n. 绳子 n. 玫瑰 adj. 粗糙的；粗略的 adj. 圆的 adv. 环绕 n. 一排 v. 划船 n. 橡皮；橡胶 adj. 粗鲁的 n. 规则 v. 统治 v. 跑；经营；运转 v.&n. 冲，奔 adj. 安全的 n. 安全 v. 航行；启航 n. 沙拉 n. 销售，出售 n. 盐 v. 加盐 adj. 相同的 n. 沙子 n. 卫星 v. 使满意 n. 星期六 v. 拯救；节省；储存 v. 说 n. 场景；景色 n. 学校 n. 科学 adj. 科学的 n. 分数 v. 得分 n. 屏幕 n. 大海 v.&n. 搜索，搜寻 n. 季节 num. 第二 n. 秒 n. 秘密 adj. 秘密的 adj. 安全的；稳固的 v. 看见；明白 n. 种子 v. 寻找，寻求 v. 似乎，好像 v. 挑选，选择 v. 卖，出售 v. 发送；派遣 adj. 年长的；高级的 n. 感觉；感官 v. 感知 n. 句子 v. 分离 adj. 分开的 adj. 严肃的；严重的 v. 服务；招待 n. 服务 v. 放置；设置 n. 一套 v. 定居；解决 adj. 几个，若干 v. 缝，缝制 n. 性别 n. 阴凉处；阴影 n. 影子；阴影 v. 摇晃；震动 adj. 浅的 v. 分享 n. 份额 adj. 锋利的；尖锐的 n. 薄片；床单；纸张 n. 架子 n. 贝壳 n. 庇护所 v. 庇护 v. 转移；转换 短语（本套考纲官方短语 17 条） 短语 中文 短语 中文 导致 返回；归还 复习备考 升起；奋起 冒险 在…… 起作用 卷起 冲出去 存钱；积攒 搜寻，查找 寻求 把…… 和…… 分开 充当；担任 建立，设立 安定下来；静下心 和…… 分享 握手 躲避…… 2、 词汇拓展默写（词性转换） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. respect (v. 尊重) → ________ (adj. 值得尊敬的) 2. rich (adj. 丰富的) → ________ (n. 财富；丰富) 3. rude (adj. 粗鲁的) → ________ (n. 粗鲁，无礼) 4. safe (adj. 安全的) → ________ (n. 安全) 5. satisfy (v. 使满意) → ________ (adj. 感到满意的) 6. science (n. 科学) → ________ (adj. 科学的) 7. serious (adj. 严重的) → ________ (adv. 严重地；严肃地) 8. separate (v. 分离) → ________ (n. 分离；分开) 9. serve (v. 服务) → ________ (n. 服务) 10. sharp (adj. 锋利的) → ________ (adv. 尖锐地；急剧地) 三、将左侧单词与右侧正确释义匹配 ( )1. reward A.v. 返回；归还 ( )6. return F.n. 奖励 v. 奖赏 ( )2. risk B.n. 风险 v. 冒险 ( )7. role G.n. 角色；作用 ( )3. rise C.v. 上升，升起 ( )8. rush H.v.&n. 冲，奔 ( )4. satisfy D.v. 使满意 ( )9. search I.v.&n. 搜索，搜寻 ( )5. separate E.v. 分离 ( )10. select J.v. 挑选，选择 一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 1. We should ________（复习）lessons and ________（搜寻）useful information for the project. 2. The heavy rain will ________（导致）flood and we cannot ________（冒险）going out. 3. You can ________（挑选）books and ________（分享）ideas with your teammates. 4. The volunteer will ________（充当）a guide and ________（建立）a small shelter. 5. The teacher will ________（奖赏）those who ________（尊重）different opinions. 6. We need to ________（分离）good seeds ________ bad ones before planting. 7. The sun will ________（升起）and we ________（归还）home before dark. 8. Try to ________（积攒）money and ________（解决）the problem step by step. 9. The ________（科学的）research shows that ________（安全）rules matter a lot. 10. Don’t be ________（粗鲁的）；we should treat others with ________（尊重）. 二、选词填空 （请根据句意，用词库单词的正确形式填空） （A） 备选词：research, rest, result, retell, reward, rich, ring, rock, root, rope 1. Scientists ________ the influence of sea pollution on sea lives. 2. After the long hike, we stopped to take some ________. 3. Hard work brings good ________ in the end. 4. Please ________ the story in your own words after reading. 5. The school gives ________ to students who do well in volunteer work. 6. This area is ________ in natural resources and wild plants. 7. The telephone will ________ once you press the red button. 8. The climbers held the ________ tightly to climb over the big ________. 9. We need to find the ________ of this environmental problem. 10. The heavy wind made the old wall ________ and fall down. （B） 词库：rough, round, rubber, rule, sail, sale, salt, satellite, scene, secure 1. The surface of the stone feels ________ and hard. 2. The little girl drew a ________ moon on the notebook. 3. You can use your ________ to wipe out the pencil marks. 4. Everyone must follow the school ________ at all times. 5. They plan to ________ across the lake on sunny mornings. 6. The shop puts old books on ________ at the end of term. 7. Please add some ________ to the soup to make it taste better. 8. The ________ sends signals to our mobile phones from space. 9. The sunset ________ by the sea took our breath away. 10. Keep your personal things ________ when travelling outdoors. 三、完成句子 1. 过多的压力会导致睡眠问题，我们要学会适当休息。 Too much pressure will ________ ________ sleep problems, and we should learn to take proper ________. 2. 你可以在网上搜寻资料，并且和同学分享你的发现。 You can ________ ________ information online and ________ your findings ________ your classmates. 3. 我们应当把可回收垃圾和其他垃圾分开。 We should ________ recyclable rubbish ________ other waste. 4. 这个志愿者团队在社区服务中发挥重要作用。 This volunteer team ________ ________ ________ in community service. 5. 他攒钱是为了建立一个动物庇护所。 He ________ ________ money to ________ ________ an animal shelter. 6. 遇到困难时，我们不应该冒险独自前往。 When facing difficulties, we should not ________ ________ going out alone. 7. 太阳升起之后，我们将动身返回小镇。 After the sun ________ ________, we will set off to ________ ________ the small town. 8. 请静下心，认真复习备考。 Please ________ ________ and ________ ________ the coming exam. 9. 握手是表达尊重的一种方式。 ________ ________ is a way to show our ________. 10. 这栋小屋可以充当躲避暴雨的庇护所。 This small house can ________ ________ a shelter to ________ ________ heavy rain. 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。 (A) A. reward       B. research       C. root       D. respect       E. rope Many Grade Nine students do environmental 1. _______________ in their spare time. They try to find the 2. _______________ of pollution and learn to 3. _______________ nature and all living things. The school will give 4. _______________ to those who finish excellent projects. Students work in groups to collect samples and record data. They also give speeches to tell more people about environmental protection. These practical activities help students understand that small actions matter and build a sense of responsibility for our planet. (B) A. separate       B. settle       C. share       D. secure       E. sail When we take part in outdoor activities, we need to 5. _______________ useful skills with teammates. We should 6. _______________ useful waste from useless rubbish. We also need to keep our personal things 7. _______________ and 8. _______________ our feelings after the activity. Outdoor activities teach teenagers teamwork. When we meet disagreements, we should calm down and communicate patiently. These experiences help us learn how to cooperate and deal with different problems in real life. 二、完形填空 Learn from outdoor exploration Many teenagers take part in outdoor exploration activities in Grade Nine. These activities help them 1. _______________ the secrets of nature. Students will 2. _______________ small research tasks and learn to 3. _______________ recyclable waste from common rubbish. Teachers ask them to 4. _______________ their ideas with group partners and 5. _______________ all living creatures around them. We must keep our belongings 6. _______________ and never 7. _______________ unnecessary risks in wild areas. When we meet difficulties, we should 8. _______________ down and try our best to find solutions. Good performance will get special 9. _______________. All these experiences will play an important 10. _______________ in our growth. 1．A. research    B. rock    C. roll    D. rush 2．A. return    B. review    C. respect    D. reward 3．A. select    B. separate    C. serve    D. set 4．A. share    B. shake    C. shelter    D. shift 5．A. save    B. sail    C. search    D. respect 6．A. safe    B. salty    C. secure    D. senior 7．A. take    B. seek    C. select    D. sell 8．A. settle    B. send    C. sense    D. separate 9．A. root    B. rope    C. reward    D. role 10．A. rule    B. role    C. rest    D. result $2027年上海中考英语词汇专项过关训练（第十四套） 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 research n.&v. 研究，调查 respect v.&n. 尊重；敬重 rest n. 休息；剩余部分 v. 休息 result n. 结果 v. 产生，导致 retell v. 复述，重述 return v. 返回；归还 review v.&n. 复习；回顾 reward n. 奖励 v. 奖赏 rich adj. 富有的；丰富的 ride v. 骑 n. 短途骑行 ring v. 鸣响；打电话 n. 戒指；铃声 rise v. 上升，升起 risk n. 风险 v. 冒险 river n. 河流 rob v. 抢劫，抢夺 rock n. 岩石，石块 role n. 角色；作用 roll v. 滚动；卷 root n. 根；根源 rope n. 绳子 rose n. 玫瑰 rough adj. 粗糙的；粗略的 round adj. 圆的 adv. 环绕 row n. 一排 v. 划船 rubber n. 橡皮；橡胶 rude adj. 粗鲁的 rule n. 规则 v. 统治 run v. 跑；经营；运转 rush v.&n. 冲，奔 safe adj. 安全的 safety n. 安全 sail v. 航行；启航 salad n. 沙拉 sale n. 销售，出售 salt n. 盐 v. 加盐 same adj. 相同的 sand n. 沙子 satellite n. 卫星 satisfy v. 使满意 Saturday n. 星期六 save v. 拯救；节省；储存 say v. 说 scene n. 场景；景色 school n. 学校 science n. 科学 scientific adj. 科学的 score n. 分数 v. 得分 screen n. 屏幕 sea n. 大海 search v.&n. 搜索，搜寻 season n. 季节 second num. 第二 n. 秒 secret n. 秘密 adj. 秘密的 secure adj. 安全的；稳固的 see v. 看见；明白 seed n. 种子 seek v. 寻找，寻求 seem v. 似乎，好像 select v. 挑选，选择 sell v. 卖，出售 send v. 发送；派遣 senior adj. 年长的；高级的 sense n. 感觉；感官 v. 感知 sentence n. 句子 separate v. 分离 adj. 分开的 serious adj. 严肃的；严重的 serve v. 服务；招待 service n. 服务 set v. 放置；设置 n. 一套 settle v. 定居；解决 several adj. 几个，若干 sew v. 缝，缝制 sex n. 性别 shade n. 阴凉处；阴影 shadow n. 影子；阴影 shake v. 摇晃；震动 shallow adj. 浅的 share v. 分享 n. 份额 sharp adj. 锋利的；尖锐的 sheet n. 薄片；床单；纸张 shelf n. 架子 shell n. 贝壳 shelter n. 庇护所 v. 庇护 shift v. 转移；转换 短语（本套考纲官方短语 17 条） 短语 中文 短语 中文 result in 导致 return to 返回；归还 review for 复习备考 rise up 升起；奋起 take risks 冒险 play a role in 在…… 起作用 roll up 卷起 rush out 冲出去 save up 存钱；积攒 search for 搜寻，查找 seek for 寻求 separate…from… 把…… 和…… 分开 serve as 充当；担任 set up 建立，设立 settle down 安定下来；静下心 share…with… 和…… 分享 shake hands 握手 take shelter from 躲避…… 2、 词汇拓展默写（词性转换） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. respect (v. 尊重) → ________ (adj. 值得尊敬的) 2. rich (adj. 丰富的) → ________ (n. 财富；丰富) 3. rude (adj. 粗鲁的) → ________ (n. 粗鲁，无礼) 4. safe (adj. 安全的) → ________ (n. 安全) 5. satisfy (v. 使满意) → ________ (adj. 感到满意的) 6. science (n. 科学) → ________ (adj. 科学的) 7. serious (adj. 严重的) → ________ (adv. 严重地；严肃地) 8. separate (v. 分离) → ________ (n. 分离；分开) 9. serve (v. 服务) → ________ (n. 服务) 10. sharp (adj. 锋利的) → ________ (adv. 尖锐地；急剧地) 【答案】 1. respectable 2. richness 3. rudeness 4. safety 5. satisfied 6. scientific 7. seriously 8. separation 9. service 10. sharply 三、将左侧单词与右侧正确释义匹配 ( )1. reward A.v. 返回；归还 ( )6. return F.n. 奖励 v. 奖赏 ( )2. risk B.n. 风险 v. 冒险 ( )7. role G.n. 角色；作用 ( )3. rise C.v. 上升，升起 ( )8. rush H.v.&n. 冲，奔 ( )4. satisfy D.v. 使满意 ( )9. search I.v.&n. 搜索，搜寻 ( )5. separate E.v. 分离 ( )10. select J.v. 挑选，选择 【答案】1‑F 2‑B 3‑C 4‑D 5‑E 6‑A 7‑G 8‑H 9‑I 10‑J 一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 1. We should ________（复习）lessons and ________（搜寻）useful information for the project. 2. The heavy rain will ________（导致）flood and we cannot ________（冒险）going out. 3. You can ________（挑选）books and ________（分享）ideas with your teammates. 4. The volunteer will ________（充当）a guide and ________（建立）a small shelter. 5. The teacher will ________（奖赏）those who ________（尊重）different opinions. 6. We need to ________（分离）good seeds ________ bad ones before planting. 7. The sun will ________（升起）and we ________（归还）home before dark. 8. Try to ________（积攒）money and ________（解决）the problem step by step. 9. The ________（科学的）research shows that ________（安全）rules matter a lot. 10. Don’t be ________（粗鲁的）；we should treat others with ________（尊重）. 【答案】1.review; search for 2.result in; risk 3.select; share 4.serve as; set up 5.reward; respect 6.separate; from 7.rise; return 8.save up; settle 9.scientific; safety 10.rude; respect 二、选词填空 （请根据句意，用词库单词的正确形式填空） （A） 备选词：research, rest, result, retell, reward, rich, ring, rock, root, rope 1. Scientists ________ the influence of sea pollution on sea lives. 2. After the long hike, we stopped to take some ________. 3. Hard work brings good ________ in the end. 4. Please ________ the story in your own words after reading. 5. The school gives ________ to students who do well in volunteer work. 6. This area is ________ in natural resources and wild plants. 7. The telephone will ________ once you press the red button. 8. The climbers held the ________ tightly to climb over the big ________. 9. We need to find the ________ of this environmental problem. 10. The heavy wind made the old wall ________ and fall down. 【答案】1.research 2.rest 3.results 4.retell 5.rewards 6.rich 7.ring 8.rope; rock 9.root 10.rock 【解析】 1. 句意：科学家研究海洋污染对海洋生物造成的影响。research v. 研究，调查。 2. 句意：长途徒步之后，我们停下来休息一会。take rest 休息。 3. 句意：努力最终会带来好结果。result n. 结果，此处用复数 results。 4. 句意：读完之后，请用自己的话复述这个故事。retell v. 复述。 5. 句意：学校会奖励参与志愿工作表现优秀的学生。reward n. 奖励，复数 rewards。 6. 句意：这片地区自然资源与野生植物十分丰富。be rich in 富含。 7. 句意：按下红色按钮，电话就会响。ring v. 鸣响。 8. 句意：登山者紧紧抓住绳索，翻越巨大岩石。rope n. 绳子；rock n. 岩石。 9. 句意：我们需要找到这个环境问题的根源。root n. 根，根源。 10. 句意：大风使旧墙摇晃并倒塌。rock v. 摇晃。 （B） 词库：rough, round, rubber, rule, sail, sale, salt, satellite, scene, secure 1. The surface of the stone feels ________ and hard. 2. The little girl drew a ________ moon on the notebook. 3. You can use your ________ to wipe out the pencil marks. 4. Everyone must follow the school ________ at all times. 5. They plan to ________ across the lake on sunny mornings. 6. The shop puts old books on ________ at the end of term. 7. Please add some ________ to the soup to make it taste better. 8. The ________ sends signals to our mobile phones from space. 9. The sunset ________ by the sea took our breath away. 10. Keep your personal things ________ when travelling outdoors. 【答案】1.rough 2.round 3.rubber 4.rules 5.sail 6.sale 7.salt 8.satellite 9.scene 10.secure 【解析】 1. 句意：这块石头的表面摸起来粗糙坚硬。rough adj. 粗糙的。 2. 句意：小女孩在笔记本上画了一轮圆圆的月亮。round adj. 圆形的。 3. 句意：你可以用橡皮擦掉铅笔痕迹。rubber n. 橡皮。 4. 句意：所有人任何时候都必须遵守校规。rule n. 规则，复数 rules。 5. 句意：他们计划在晴朗的早晨横渡湖面航行。sail v. 航行。 6. 句意：学期末这家商店将旧书打折出售。on sale 促销，出售。 7. 句意：往汤里加一点盐，味道会更好。salt n. 盐。 8. 句意：卫星从太空向手机传递信号。satellite n. 卫星。 9. 句意：海边日落的景色令我们惊叹。scene n. 景色，场景。 10. 句意：户外旅行时，请保管好个人物品，保证安全。secure adj. 安全的。 三、完成句子 1. 过多的压力会导致睡眠问题，我们要学会适当休息。 Too much pressure will ________ ________ sleep problems, and we should learn to take proper ________. 2. 你可以在网上搜寻资料，并且和同学分享你的发现。 You can ________ ________ information online and ________ your findings ________ your classmates. 3. 我们应当把可回收垃圾和其他垃圾分开。 We should ________ recyclable rubbish ________ other waste. 4. 这个志愿者团队在社区服务中发挥重要作用。 This volunteer team ________ ________ ________ in community service. 5. 他攒钱是为了建立一个动物庇护所。 He ________ ________ money to ________ ________ an animal shelter. 6. 遇到困难时，我们不应该冒险独自前往。 When facing difficulties, we should not ________ ________ going out alone. 7. 太阳升起之后，我们将动身返回小镇。 After the sun ________ ________, we will set off to ________ ________ the small town. 8. 请静下心，认真复习备考。 Please ________ ________ and ________ ________ the coming exam. 9. 握手是表达尊重的一种方式。 ________ ________ is a way to show our ________. 10. 这栋小屋可以充当躲避暴雨的庇护所。 This small house can ________ ________ a shelter to ________ ________ heavy rain. 【答案】 1.result in; rest 2.search for; share; with 3.separate; from 4.plays a role 5.saves up; set up 6.take risks 7.rises up; return to 8.settle down; review for 9.Shaking hands; respect 10.serve as; take shelter from 一、用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。有两个词为多余项。 (A) A. reward       B. research       C. root       D. respect       E. rope Many Grade Nine students do environmental 1. _______________ in their spare time. They try to find the 2. _______________ of pollution and learn to 3. _______________ nature and all living things. The school will give 4. _______________ to those who finish excellent projects. Students work in groups to collect samples and record data. They also give speeches to tell more people about environmental protection. These practical activities help students understand that small actions matter and build a sense of responsibility for our planet. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本篇围绕学生课外环保调研主题，讲述九年级学生开展环境调研，探寻污染根源，学会尊重自然，优秀项目将获得奖励，全文约 124 词，适配九年级尖子难度。 1．句意：许多九年级学生利用课余时间开展环境调研。research 调研，研究。故选 B。 2．句意：他们尝试寻找污染的根源。root 根源。故选 C。 3．句意：并且学会尊重自然与所有生物。respect 尊重。故选 D。 4．句意：学校会给完成优秀项目的学生颁发奖励。reward 奖励。故选 A。 (B) A. separate       B. settle       C. share       D. secure       E. sail When we take part in outdoor activities, we need to 5. _______________ useful skills with teammates. We should 6. _______________ useful waste from useless rubbish. We also need to keep our personal things 7. _______________ and 8. _______________ our feelings after the activity. Outdoor activities teach teenagers teamwork. When we meet disagreements, we should calm down and communicate patiently. These experiences help us learn how to cooperate and deal with different problems in real life. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 【导语】短文围绕户外活动与团队协作主题，全文约 116 词。 5．句意：参加户外活动时，我们需要和队友分享实用技能。share…with… 与…… 分享。故选 C。 6．句意：我们应当把可利用垃圾和无用垃圾分开。separate…from… 把…… 与…… 分开。故选 A。 7．句意：我们也需要保管好个人物品，保证安全。secure 安全的。故选 D。 8．句意：并在活动结束后平复整理情绪。settle 此处指平复、安顿。故选 B。 二、完形填空 Learn from outdoor exploration Many teenagers take part in outdoor exploration activities in Grade Nine. These activities help them 1. _______________ the secrets of nature. Students will 2. _______________ small research tasks and learn to 3. _______________ recyclable waste from common rubbish. Teachers ask them to 4. _______________ their ideas with group partners and 5. _______________ all living creatures around them. We must keep our belongings 6. _______________ and never 7. _______________ unnecessary risks in wild areas. When we meet difficulties, we should 8. _______________ down and try our best to find solutions. Good performance will get special 9. _______________. All these experiences will play an important 10. _______________ in our growth. 1．A. research    B. rock    C. roll    D. rush 2．A. return    B. review    C. respect    D. reward 3．A. select    B. separate    C. serve    D. set 4．A. share    B. shake    C. shelter    D. shift 5．A. save    B. sail    C. search    D. respect 6．A. safe    B. salty    C. secure    D. senior 7．A. take    B. seek    C. select    D. sell 8．A. settle    B. send    C. sense    D. separate 9．A. root    B. rope    C. reward    D. role 10．A. rule    B. role    C. rest    D. result 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文围绕青少年户外探索活动助力成长主题，分为四个语段，讲述学生在户外开展自然调研，学会垃圾分类、团队交流、尊重生命，野外注意安全、不冒险，遇到困难静心寻找办法，优秀表现会获得奖励，户外经历在成长中发挥重要作用，对标上海中考完形命题风格。 1．句意：九年级很多青少年参加户外探索活动，这类活动帮助他们研究大自然的奥秘。research 研究；rock 摇晃；roll 滚动；rush 冲。结合语境，故选 A。 2．句意：学生将完成小型调研任务，并且学会把可回收垃圾与普通垃圾分开。review 复习、完成（任务）；return 返回；respect 尊重；reward 奖励。故选 B。 3．句意：学生将完成小型调研任务，并且学会把可回收垃圾与普通垃圾分开。separate 分离；select 挑选；serve 服务；set 放置。故选 B。 4．句意：老师要求他们和小组伙伴分享想法。share 分享；shake 摇晃；shelter 庇护；shift 转移。故选 A。 5．句意：并且尊重身边所有生物。respect 尊重；save 拯救；sail 航行；search 搜寻。故选 D。 6．句意：在野外，我们必须保管好随身物品，保证安全。secure 安全稳固的；safe 安全的；salty 咸的；senior 年长的。故选 C。 7．句意：并且不要在野外冒不必要的风险。take risks 冒险；seek 寻找；select 挑选；sell 售卖。故选 A。 8．句意：遇到困难，我们应当静下心，尽力寻找解决办法。settle down 静下心；send 发送；sense 感知；separate 分离。故选 A。 9．句意：良好的表现会获得特别奖励。reward 奖励；root 根源；rope 绳索；role 角色。故选 C。 10．句意：所有这些经历会在我们的成长中发挥重要作用。play a role in 起作用；rule 规则；rest 休息；result 结果。故选 B。 $