专题01 Units 3-4（词汇综合练）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

专题01 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 六、用所给单词的适当形式填空 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1. Nowadays, most young people use ____________（数码的） devices to communicate with each other. 2. This ____________（笔记本电脑） is light and easy to carry around. 3. The ____________（屏幕） of this phone is large enough for watching videos. 4. The ____________（重量） of the parcel is about 2 kilograms. 5. We should be kind to others on ____________（社交的） media platforms. 6. The new policy will have a positive ____________（影响） on the environment. 7. What is your ____________（意见） on this digital device? 8. The ____________（轮子） is considered one of the most important inventions in history. 9. The Romans invented new road-building ____________（技术） to improve travel. 10. We should ____________（避免） making the same mistakes in our experiments. 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The invention of the microchip was a major b__________________ in computer history. 2. We can d____________ files from the internet to our computers. 3. The s____________ of this app allows users to edit photos easily. 4. The ancient road was just a p____________ for walking, not for cars. 5. Many people d____________ on smartphones for almost everything in daily life. 6. There is no d____________ that the wheel is a great invention. 7. The new invention brings great b____________ to people’s daily lives. 8. Please n____________ the changes in temperature during the experiment. 9. The worker p____________ the clay down to make it flat. 10. The mixture was h____________ to melt the wax and glue. 三、单项选择。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The internet has ____________ big changes to our daily lives. A. brought B. taken C. made D. had 2. Mobile payment has changed the way we ____________. A. shop B. to shop C. shopping D. shopped 3. The new smartphone is ____________ than the old one. A. much lighter B. more light C. lightest D. most light 4. We can take the smart rubbish bin ____________ example. A. as B. for C. with D. to 5. The car runs ____________ on the new road. A. smooth B. smoothly C. more smooth D. smoothness 6. The wheel is one of the most important inventions ____________ all time. A. of B. in C. at D. for 7. ____________ doubt, the wheel changed human history greatly. A. Without B. With C. For D. About 8. The first computers were ____________ big as a room. A. so B. as C. too D. very 9. We should ____________ our tasks instead of wasting time. A. concentrate on B. depend on C. attach to D. pull into 10. The flying car can be controlled ____________ voice. A. by B. with C. through D. from 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。（每空1分，共10分） digital laptop social effect opinion download benefit avoid press notice Nowadays, almost everyone uses 1._______devices like smartphones and tablets. Some people even have a 2._______for work and study. These devices have a great 3._______on our lives. We can 4._______information from the internet quickly. However, we should 5._______spending too much time on 6._______media. In my 7. _______, it is important to find a balance. The 8._______of using these devices are obvious, but we must also 9._______the negative side. When we 10._______the wrong button, we might lose our data. 五、语法填空（每空1分，共20分） A（根据Unit 3 数字生活主题改编） The internet has brought big changes to our lives. We can do many things online, 1. ____________ we must also be careful. For example, we should not believe 2. ____________ the information we find on the web because some of it is subjective. 3. ____________ addition, we should be kind to others when we post comments. Digital literacy means the ability to find and use 4. ____________ (rely) information. It also helps us create 5. ____________ (meaning) content. We can use emojis and pictures 6. ____________ (express) ourselves better. However, we need to manage our time 7. ____________ (wise) to avoid addiction. Some experts 8. ____________ (warn) that too much screen time is bad for our eyes. If we spend too much time online, we 9. ____________ (miss) the real world. So, we should take regular breaks and enjoy offline activities 10. ____________ well. B（根据Unit 4 发明主题改编） The wheel is one of the most important inventions 1. ____________ human history. Before the wheel, people had to carry heavy things 2. ____________ foot. It was very difficult 3. ____________ transport large amounts of goods. Then, about 6,000 years ago, the wheel 4. ____________ (invent). 5. ____________ (lucky), it was later attached to vehicles. This allowed farmers to carry their goods to faraway markets, 6. ____________ increased trade. However, the early roads were just paths, which became muddy in wet weather. So, people built roads 7. ____________ (make) of stone. The Romans also developed new 8. ____________ (technique) for road building. The wheel not only changed transport but also helped create many machines, such 9. ____________ windmills and clocks. Without doubt, the wheel has had a great 10. ____________ (influent) on our world. 六、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The new app is very ____________ (use) for learning English. 2. We should manage our time ____________ (wise) to balance study and rest. 3. The invention of the microchip made computers much ____________ (small). 4. The roads were ____________ (extreme) difficult to use in bad weather. 5. The first wheel was ____________ (probable) used for making pottery. 6. Farmers were able to transport ____________ (they) goods to markets. 7. The ____________ (invent) of the wheel changed history greatly. 8. The engine ____________ (power) by steam in the past. 9. We need to think ____________ (creative) to solve this problem. 10. The mixture was ____________ (heat) until it became liquid. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 六、用所给单词的适当形式填空 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1. Nowadays, most young people use ____________（数码的） devices to communicate with each other. 【答案】digital 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心形容词（p.153）。digital意为“数码的”，修饰devices，是数字生活话题的基础词汇。注意与digit（数字）区分，digital为形容词形式。 2. This ____________（笔记本电脑） is light and easy to carry around. 【答案】laptop 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。laptop意为“笔记本电脑”，由lap（大腿）+top（上面）合成，指可放在膝上使用的电脑。教材听力部分专门讨论选购笔记本电脑。 3. The ____________（屏幕） of this phone is large enough for watching videos. 【答案】screen 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。screen意为“屏幕”，是描述电子设备的重要词汇。注意与scream（尖叫）拼写不同，仅差一个字母。 4. The ____________（重量） of the parcel is about 2 kilograms. 【答案】weight 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。weight意为“重量”，其动词形式为weigh。描述笔记本电脑时常提到weight和size，教材中有明确对应。 5. We should be kind to others on ____________（社交的） media platforms. 【答案】social 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心形容词（p.153）。social意为“社交的”，social media是教材原词短语，意为“社交媒体”。注意social变名词为society。 6. The new policy will have a positive ____________（影响） on the environment. 【答案】effect 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。effect意为“影响”，搭配have an effect on。注意与affect（动词）区分，本题填名词。 7. What is your ____________（意见） on this digital device? 【答案】opinion 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。opinion意为“意见、看法”，常用于表达观点的写作任务中。固定搭配in one’s opinion。 8. The ____________（轮子） is considered one of the most important inventions in history. 【答案】wheel 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心名词（p.154）。wheel意为“轮子、车轮”，是Unit 4阅读主题的核心词汇。注意复数形式wheels。 9. The Romans invented new road-building ____________（技术） to improve travel. 【答案】technique 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心名词（p.154）。technique意为“技巧、技术”，教材中讲到罗马人发明筑路技术时使用该词。注意与technology（科技）区分。 10. We should ____________（避免） making the same mistakes in our experiments. 【答案】avoid 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心动词（p.154）。avoid意为“避免”，搭配avoid doing sth.。教材在描述发明如何解决交通堵塞时用到该词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The invention of the microchip was a major b__________________ in computer history. 【答案】breakthrough 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。breakthrough意为“突破、重大进展”，教材中描述微处理器发明时用此词。注意breakthrough为合成词（break + through）。 2. We can d____________ files from the internet to our computers. 【答案】download 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心动词（p.153）。download意为“下载”，是数字时代的常用词，反义词为upload（上传）。教材词汇表中有明确列出。 3. The s____________ of this app allows users to edit photos easily. 【答案】software 【详解】考查Unit 3单词表核心名词（p.153）。software意为“软件”，与hardware（硬件）相对。教材中介绍电脑发展时提到该词。 4. The ancient road was just a p____________ for walking, not for cars. 【答案】path 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心名词（p.154）。path意为“小路、小径”，教材中描述早期的路只是人们走出来的小径时用到。注意与road（大路）区别。 5. Many people d____________ on smartphones for almost everything in daily life. 【答案】depend 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心动词（p.154）。depend on意为“依赖、依靠”，是固定短语。教材中讲到许多发明依赖车轮时出现。注意三单形式depends。 6. There is no d____________ that the wheel is a great invention. 【答案】doubt 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心名词（p.154）。without doubt意为“毫无疑问”，是教材原词短语。此处填doubt，构成There is no doubt that...句型。 7. The new invention brings great b____________ to people’s daily lives. 【答案】benefits 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心名词（p.154）。benefit意为“益处、优势”，复数形式benefits表示多项好处。教材写作部分常见。 8. Please n____________ the changes in temperature during the experiment. 【答案】notice 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心动词（p.154）。notice意为“注意到”，教材故事中毕昇专注于工作而没有注意到女孩。注意与note（笔记）区分。 9. The worker p____________ the clay down to make it flat. 【答案】pressed 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心动词（p.154）。press意为“压”，教材中描述活字印刷时使用该词。本句为过去时，用过去式pressed。 10. The mixture was h____________ to melt the wax and glue. 【答案】heated 【详解】考查Unit 4单词表核心动词（p.154）。heat意为“加热”，过去分词heated作被动语态。教材中描述毕昇加热混合物使蜡熔化。 三、单项选择。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The internet has ____________ big changes to our daily lives. A. brought B. taken C. made D. had 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 3固定短语（p.153）。bring big changes to意为“给……带来重大变化”，是教材原词短语。其他选项不能与changes构成此搭配。 2. Mobile payment has changed the way we ____________. A. shop B. to shop C. shopping D. shopped 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 3宾语从句语序（p.153）。the way we shop中shop作谓语动词，主语we后接动词原形，不需加to或ing。教材原句。 3. The new smartphone is ____________ than the old one. A. much lighter B. more light C. lightest D. most light 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 3比较级用法（p.153）。lighter是比较级，much可修饰比较级加强语气。more light不正确，light为单音节形容词，比较级加-er。 4. We can take the smart rubbish bin ____________ example. A. as B. for C. with D. to 【答案】B 【详解】考查Unit 3固定短语（p.153）。take ... for example意为“以……为例”，是教材原词短语。注意不要与as...as混淆。 5. The car runs ____________ on the new road. A. smooth B. smoothly C. more smooth D. smoothness 【答案】B 【详解】考查Unit 3副词用法（p.153）。smoothly意为“平稳地”，修饰动词runs。smooth为形容词，不能修饰动词。 6. The wheel is one of the most important inventions ____________ all time. A. of B. in C. at D. for 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 4固定短语（p.154）。of all time意为“自古以来、有史以来”，是教材原词短语。介词用of。 7. ____________ doubt, the wheel changed human history greatly. A. Without B. With C. For D. About 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 4固定短语（p.154）。without doubt意为“毫无疑问”，是教材原词。without表示“没有”。 8. The first computers were ____________ big as a room. A. so B. as C. too D. very 【答案】B 【详解】考查Unit 4语法结构（p.154）。(not) as ... as意为“和……一样”，中间用形容词原级。as ... as是固定搭配。 9. We should ____________ our tasks instead of wasting time. A. concentrate on B. depend on C. attach to D. pull into 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 3/4动词短语辨析（p.153）。concentrate on意为“专注于”，教材中有concentrate on our tasks。depend on依赖，attach to固定，pull into拉进，均不符合语境。 10. The flying car can be controlled ____________ voice. A. by B. with C. through D. from 【答案】A 【详解】考查Unit 4介词用法（p.154）。by voice意为“通过语音”，表示方式。by常表手段，with表工具，through表通过某种途径，但by更常用于“由……控制”。教材中“controlled by voice”是原句。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。（每空1分，共10分） digital laptop social effect opinion download benefit avoid press notice 短文： Nowadays, almost everyone uses 1._______devices like smartphones and tablets. Some people even have a 2._______for work and study. These devices have a great 3._______on our lives. We can 4._______information from the internet quickly. However, we should 5._______spending too much time on 6._______media. In my 7. _______, it is important to find a balance. The 8._______of using these devices are obvious, but we must also 9._______the negative side. When we 10._______the wrong button, we might lose our data. 【答案】 1. digital 2. laptop 3. effect 4. download 5. avoid 6. social 7. opinion 8. benefits 9. notice 10. press 【详解】 1. 考查U3形容词digital（p.153），修饰devices，数码设备。 2. 考查U3名词laptop（p.153），作为工作和学习的工具。 3. 考查U3名词effect（p.153），have a great effect on为固定搭配。 4. 考查U3动词download（p.153），下载信息，情态动词后接原形。 5. 考查U4动词avoid（p.154），避免做某事，avoid doing。 6. 考查U3形容词social（p.153），social media社交媒体。 7. 考查U3名词opinion（p.153），in my opinion在我看来。 8. 考查U4名词benefit（p.154），复数表示多种好处。 9. 考查U4动词notice（p.154），注意到消极面。 10. 考查U4动词press（p.154），按下按钮，一般现在时。 五、语法填空（每空1分，共20分） A（根据Unit 3 数字生活主题改编，3虚词+7实词） The internet has brought big changes to our lives. We can do many things online, 1. ____________ we must also be careful. For example, we should not believe 2. ____________ the information we find on the web because some of it is subjective. 3. ____________ addition, we should be kind to others when we post comments. Digital literacy means the ability to find and use 4. ____________ (rely) information. It also helps us create 5. ____________ (meaning) content. We can use emojis and pictures 6. ____________ (express) ourselves better. However, we need to manage our time 7. ____________ (wise) to avoid addiction. Some experts 8. ____________ (warn) that too much screen time is bad for our eyes. If we spend too much time online, we 9. ____________ (miss) the real world. So, we should take regular breaks and enjoy offline activities 10. ____________ well. 【答案】 1. but 2. all 3. In 4. reliable 5. meaningful 6. to express 7. wisely 8. warn 9. will miss 10. as 【详解】 1. 虚词-连词：前后转折关系，填but（但是）。 2. 虚词-代词：not believe all the information，部分否定，填all。 3. 虚词-介词：In addition固定短语，句首大写。 4. 实词-形容词：rely变reliable“可靠的”，修饰information，词性转换。 5. 实词-形容词：meaning变meaningful“有意义的”，修饰content。 6. 实词-非谓语：use...to express目的状语，不定式。 7. 实词-副词：wise变wisely修饰manage time。 8. 实词-时态：一般现在时，主语复数，填warn。 9. 实词-时态：if条件句，主将从现，填will miss。 10. 虚词-连词/介词：as well也，固定短语。 B（根据Unit 4 发明主题改编，3虚词+7实词） The wheel is one of the most important inventions 1. ____________ human history. Before the wheel, people had to carry heavy things 2. ____________ foot. It was very difficult 3. ____________ transport large amounts of goods. Then, about 6,000 years ago, the wheel 4. ____________ (invent). 5. ____________ (lucky), it was later attached to vehicles. This allowed farmers to carry their goods to faraway markets, 6. ____________ increased trade. However, the early roads were just paths, which became muddy in wet weather. So, people built roads 7. ____________ (make) of stone. The Romans also developed new 8. ____________ (technique) for road building. The wheel not only changed transport but also helped create many machines, such 9. ____________ windmills and clocks. Without doubt, the wheel has had a great 10. ____________ (influent) on our world. 【答案】 1. in 2. on 3. to 4. was invented 5. Luckily 6. which 7. made 8. techniques 9. as 10. influence 【详解】 1. 虚词-介词：在人类历史中，用in。 2. 虚词-介词：on foot固定短语，意为“步行”。 3. 虚词-不定式：It was difficult to do sth.，填to。 4. 实词-时态语态：wheel与invent被动，过去时，填was invented。 5. 实词-副词：lucky变Luckily修饰整个句子，句首大写。 6. 虚词-连词：引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个事情，填which。 7. 实词-非谓语：roads made of stone，过去分词作定语。 8. 实词-名词复数：technique复数techniques表示多种技术。 9. 虚词-介词：such as固定搭配，表举例。 10. 实词-名词：influent错误，应为influence（名词），have an influence on。 六、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（每题1分，共10分） 1. The new app is very ____________ (use) for learning English. 【答案】useful 【详解】考查U3词性转换（p.153）。use变形容词useful“有用的”，修饰app。注意不要写成used。 2. We should manage our time ____________ (wise) to balance study and rest. 【答案】wisely 【详解】考查U3副词（p.153）。修饰动词manage需用副词wisely，wise变副词去e加ly。 3. The invention of the microchip made computers much ____________ (small). 【答案】smaller 【详解】考查U3比较级（p.153）。much修饰比较级，small变smaller。 4. The roads were ____________ (extreme) difficult to use in bad weather. 【答案】extremely 【详解】考查U4副词（p.154）。修饰形容词difficult用副词extremely，extreme变副词加ly。 5. The first wheel was ____________ (probable) used for making pottery. 【答案】probably 【详解】考查U4副词（p.154）。修饰动词used用副词probably，probable变副词去e加y。 6. Farmers were able to transport ____________ (they) goods to markets. 【答案】their 【详解】考查代词（p.154）。修饰名词goods用形容词性物主代词their。 7. The ____________ (invent) of the wheel changed history greatly. 【答案】invention 【详解】考查U4词性转换（p.154）。动词invent变名词invention“发明”，作主语。 8. The engine ____________ (power) by steam in the past. 【答案】was powered 【详解】考查U4被动语态（p.154）。power作动词“提供动力”，主语engine与power被动，过去时，填was powered。 9. We need to think ____________ (creative) to solve this problem. 【答案】creatively 【详解】考查U4词性转换（p.154）。修饰动词think需用副词creatively，creative变副词加ly。 10. The mixture was ____________ (heat) until it became liquid. 【答案】heated 【详解】考查U4动词过去分词（p.154）。被动语态，heat变过去分词heated。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $