Unit 3 单元知识点讲解 【精品课】 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册同步精品课件（新教材人教版）

(单元知识点讲解) Unit3 Same or Different 派生词 1. I loved your performance! 2. Why don’t you perform? 3. *She was a wonderful performer. 1. How do we compare with each other? 2. Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold. 3. Use the information from 1d to make comparisons. perform v. 演出，表演 →___________________ n. 表演 →*_________________ n. 表演者 compare v. 比较，对比 →_________________ n. 比较级；adj.相对的 →_________________ n. 比较，对比 performance performer comparative comparison 重点词组 Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival? 意义: 听说...... “Hear about” → 强调“了解详情”（比如事件经过、最新动态等）。 “Hear of” → 强调“知道存在”（可能只是名称或概念）。 对比例句： Do you hear of that singer.（你听说那位歌手。） Did you hear about that singer's scandal?（你听说那位歌手的丑闻了吗？） 重点词组 You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club 情况 例子（加不加 "the"） 西洋乐器 the piano/ violin 中文拼音名称（未被词典收录） play （the）erhu / guqin 中文拼音名称（已被词典收录） play the pipa（琵琶） 特指某件具体乐器 the dizi on the wall 重点词组 I’m afraid of performing alone. 意义：害怕做... be afraid of + n./ doing ... (of 为介词，后面搭配名词或者doing) be afraid to do...（七年级下册U8 Section 2a） 课文：They were afraid to look silly too. 重点词组 Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone so they solve the problem by playing a song 意义：通过做... 词性： prep. （介词） 后面通常接 动词-ing 形式（动名词） 或 名词。 例句：We save energy by turning off the lights. He stays healthy by eating vegetables. 派生词 congratulation n. 恭喜→(复数)___________________ n. 恭喜 →*_________________ v. 道贺 pleasure n. 荣幸；开心 →_________________ v.（使）开心 int. 请 →*_________________ adj. 感到开心的 →*_________________ adj. 令人开心的 congratulations congratulate please Congratulations on doing... 祝贺某人...... (此处常用复数形式) pleased pleasing 派生词 personality n. 性格 →___________________ n. 人 →*_________________ adj. 个人的；私人的 strength n. 优势；力量 →_________________ adj. 强壮的 →*_________________ v. 加强 person personal strong strengthen 同义词辨析 这些 “参加” 你分得清吗？ 单词 侧重含义 常见搭配 attend 出席正式的或高大上的场所 attend a wedding(婚礼)/meeting/ school/lecture take part in 积极参与活动 take part in a competition/discussion join in 临时加入某个活动 join in the game/conversation join 加入组织或团体，长久成为一员 join the club/army(军队)/party(党派） 一词多义 “as” 的多重身份！ 用法 含义 结构 例句 as （作为） 表示身份、角色或用途 as + 名词/代词 1. She works as a teacher. （她作为一名老师工作。） 2. He used the box as a table. （他把箱子当桌子用。） as…as… （和……一样） 表示同等比较 as + 形容词/副词 + as 1. This book is as interesting as that one.（这本书和那本一样有趣。） 2. He runs as fast as a rabbit. （他跑得和兔子一样快。） Language Points 1. Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival! 祝贺你在学校音乐节获奖！ congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ n. 祝贺；恭喜。 Congratulations (on ...) ! （对……表示）祝贺！ 例如：Congratulations on winning the game! 祝贺你赢得比赛！ Let’s send our congratulations to the winners. 让我们向获奖者表示祝贺。 【拓展】congratulate v.祝贺 congratulate sb. on (doing) sth. 例如：I congratulate you on your success. 我祝贺你的成功。 11 Language Points 2. I’m a little quieter than Ella. 我比埃拉安静一点儿。 a little 作为副词，修饰比较级quieter，翻译为“一点儿” 【拓展】修饰比较级的副词 (1) a little, a bit, slightly 稍微；一点儿 例如：She is a little taller than me. 她比我稍微高一点儿。 (2) much, far, a lot, even …… 得多；甚至更 例如：This book is much more interesting. 这本书有趣得多。 (3) still, yet 更；还要 例如：It’s hot today, but tomorrow will be still hotter. 今天很热，但明天会更热。 (4) no 并不（用于否定比较） 例如：He is no better than before. 他并不比之前更好。 12 Language Points 3. I work as hard as her! 我和她一样努力工作！ as + 形容词或副词原形 + as (1) 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“as + 形容词或副词原形 + as”的句型。 例如：This apple is as sweet as that one. 这个苹果和那个一样甜。 Tom runs as fast as John. 汤姆跑得和约翰一样快。 (2) 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as / so + 形容词或副词原形 + as”的句型。 例如：This movie is not so interesting as the book. 这部电影不如书有趣。 He doesn’t work as hard as his classmates. 他学习不如同学努力。 13 Language Points 4. I love playing sports more than anything. 我最喜欢运动。 more than anything 介词短语作状语，表示程度。字面意为 “比任何事情都更”，引申为 “最……；胜过一切”，用于突出对某事物的强烈喜爱。 【拓展】比较级表示最高级的用法 当句子中出现 more than + 比较范围（如 anything, anyone, any other...） 时，常隐含最高级含义。 例如：He runs faster than anyone in his class. 他比班上任何人都跑得快 → 他是班上跑得最快的。 This movie is more moving than any other I’ve seen. 这部电影比我看过的任何一部都感人 → 这是我看过的最感人的电影。 14 1 Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different.有些人认为朋友 应该相似，但也有些人认为朋友应该不同。 alike 讲解：可作形容词（“相像的” ）和副词（“相似 地” ） 。 例如： The two sisters are very alike. 这两姐妹非常相像。 Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。 15 2 I think a good friend is like a mirror. 我认为好朋友就像一面镜子。 mirror意思是 “镜子” ，常和 “like” 搭配成 “be like a mirror” （像一面镜子 ） ，还有 “look at oneself in the mirror” （照镜子 ）这样的常用表达 。 例如： He looks at himself in the mirror every morning. 他每天早上照镜子。 16 4 For example, we both love sports.例如，我们都喜欢运动。 both①〔代词〕二者,二者都，放在系动词、情态动词之 后,实义动词之前。both of.…两者都；②〔形容词〕二者 的both...and...…和…都。 例如： My parents are both workers. 我的父母都是工人。 17 3 We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests. 我们经常一起出去玩，因为我们有相似的习 惯和兴趣。 interest ①〔可数名词〕业余爱好;兴趣take/have an interest in(= be interested in )对…感兴趣，show an interestin对…表现出兴趣②〔及物动词]使感兴趣。 例如： He always takes an interest in old coins. 他总是对古币感兴趣。 18 5 Because of that,I try harder when I practise,and now I'm getting better at badminton.正因为如此，我在练习时更加努力，现在我羽毛球打得更好了。 because of与because二者都可表示“因为”,其区别为: because of介词后面可接名询(短语)、代词或动词 -ing 形式。 because连词引导原因状语从句 例如： Because of a long cold winter, Iceland has ashort growing season. 由于漫长寒冷的冬季冰岛有很短的生长季。 19 6 Because of that,I try harder when I practise,and now I'm getting better at badminton.正因为如此，我在练习时更加努力，现在我羽毛球打得更好了。 get better at 在…方面变得更好;更擅长…此处better是good 的比较级。get better at 强调一个逐渐进步、提升的过程。 例如： I'm getting better at playing the guitar by practising every day. 通过每天练习，我弹吉他越来越好了。 20 7 I think we should respect each other's differences and learn from each other. 我认为我们应该尊重彼此的差异并相互学习。 respect①〔动词〕尊敬;尊重respect sb for ( doing)sth因(做)某事而敬重某人respect his views.我尊重他的观点。 ②〔名词]尊敬;敬意;尊重 例如： She respected him for his honesty. 她因为他的诚实而敬重他。 21 8 I think we should respect each other's differences and learn from each other. 我认为我们应该尊重彼此的差异并相互学习。 difference 〔名词〕差别;差异the diference(s)in..在…方面的不同the difference(s)between...and...……和……之间的不同 例如： There's no difference in the results. 结果没有差别。 22 9 For example , I am kind of shy, but my best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing.例如我有点害羞，但我最好的朋友袁蕾很外向。 kind of 稍微;有点儿,常用来修饰形容词,可与a little/a bit 互换。 例如： The dog is kind of/a little/a bit cute. 这只狗有点儿可爱。 23 10 She has a great sense of humour too.她也很有幽默感。 sense①〔名词〕理解力;感觉 其后常接介词 of。 a sense of humour 幽默感②〔及物动词〕意识到;感觉到, 其后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 例如： He has a good sense of humour. 他很有幽默感。 He sensed danger and stopped. 他意识到了危险并停了下来. 24 11 Thanks to her,I am becoming more outgoing. 多亏了她,我变得更加外向了。 thanks to 归功于;由于;因为高频强调感谢的对象,后可接名词或代词,有时可与 with the help of或 because of互换。 例如： Thanks to Miss Lin, we all passed the exam. 多亏了林老师,我们都通过了考试。 25 12 Now I think meeting new people is really fun! 现在我觉得结识新朋友很有趣! 动名词(短语)作主语。此处 meeting new people 是动名词 短语,在句中作从句的主语。单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 例如： Listening to music makes me relaxed. 听音乐使我放松。 26 13 He is not afraid to give his opinion,especially when he thinks I am making a mistake.他不怕给出自己的观点,尤其是当 他认为我犯错误的时候。 be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事,不敢做某事 be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 be afraid +that从句 恐怕... 例如： Tom is afraid to go there alone. 汤姆不敢独自去那里。 27 14 He is not afraid to give his opinion,especially when he thinks I am making a mistake.他不怕给出自己的观点,尤其是当 他认为我犯错误的时候。 make a mistake 犯错误与make mistakes 同义。 make a mistake/mistakes in...在……方面犯错误 例如： Did you make a mistake again? 你又犯错误了吗? 28 15 He is not afraid to give his opinion,especially when he thinks I am making a mistake.他不怕给出自己的观点,尤其是当 他认为我犯错误的时候。 opinion n. 看法;意见 in one’s opinion 按某人的意见;在某人看来 例如： In my opinion, this plan is not practical. 在我看来，这个计划不实际. 29 16 I am less straightforward than he is , but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我没有他那么直率,但我很高兴有一个诚实 的朋友。 less(little的比较级)①〔副词〕较小程度地;较少地;更少地 ②〔形容词或代词〕较少(的);更少(的),用作形容词时修饰 不可数名词。 例如： Talk less and do more. 少说话多做事。 30 17 I am less straightforward than he is , but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我没有他那么直率,但我很高兴有一个诚实 的朋友。 straightforward adj. 坦率的;简单的(常作表语或定语) 例如： I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我不如他坦率,但我很高兴有一个诚实的朋友. 31 18 I am less straightforward than he is , but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我没有他那么直率,但我很高兴有一个诚实 的朋友。 honest adj. 坦诚的;诚实的,反义词为dishonest, 名词为honesty. 例如： To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话,她不是一个诚实的女孩. 32 19 What can similarities bring to a friend-ship? 相似之处能给友谊带来什么? similarity 〔名词〕相似之处 例如： We can find many similarities between the two languages. 我们能在这两种语言之间找到许多相似之处。 33 20 What can similarities bring to a friend-ship? 相似之处能给友谊带来什么? 拓展: similarity的形容词为similar,意为 “相像的;类似的” be similar to 与...相像/类似的 be similar in 在...方面相似 例如： Your handwriting is very similar to his. 你的笔迹和他的很相似. 34 1 The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain's famous novel, The Prince and the Pauper.王子爱德华和穷男孩汤姆是马克·吐温著名小说《王子与贫儿》中的两个人物。 杰克是剧中一位有趣的人物。 Jack is an interesting character in the play. 谁扮演这部电影的主角? Who plays the main character in the film? Language points. character[可数名词] ①人物;角色; ②字;字母;符号 ③个性;性格多用单数形式 have a strong/weak character个性强 /不强 35 2 They exchanged their lives by accident. 他们偶然交换了生活。 我可以用一个苹果换四个橘子吗? Can I exchange an apple for four oranges? 我可以和你交换邮票吗? Can I exchange stamps with you? Language points. exchange①[及物动词]交换;调换;兑换 exchange...for...用……换…… exchange sth with sb和某人交换某物 36 2 They exchanged their lives by accident. 他们偶然交换了生活。 他作为交换生去了法国。 He went to France as an exchange student. 交流想法是有帮助的。 An exchange of ideas is helpful. 他帮助别人做农活以换取书。 He helped others with farm work in exchange for books. Language points. exchange②[名词]交换 an exchange student一名交换生 an exchange of 交换…… in exchange for 交换…… 37 2 They exchanged their lives by accident. 他们偶然交换了生活。 我意外地在拥挤的公共汽车上遇见了她。 I met her by accident in a crowded bus. 我们在北京的见面是个巧合。 Our meeting in Beijing was by accident. Language points. by accident 偶然;意外地 同义短语为by chance。 38 2 They exchanged their lives by accident. 他们偶然交换了生活。 他上班途中出了事故。 An accident happened to him on his way to work. 我认为我们的相遇不是偶然的。 I don't think our meeting was accidental. Language points. accident〔名词]意外;(交通)事故 其形容词形式为accidental,意为“意外的;偶然的”。 39 3 Besides this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected.除此之外,他还意识到人们的生活比他预料的要艰难得多。 Language points. expect[动词]预料;期待 ①expect +名词/代词期待/盼望某事(物)或某人 ②expect to do sth 期待/预料做某事 ③expect sb to do sth 期待/预料某人做某事 ④expect + that从句预计…… 40 3 Besides this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected.除此之外,他还意识到人们的生活比他预料的要艰难得多。 Language points. 杰克期待着在这部电影中扮演一个角色。 Jack expects to play a role in the movie. 我们的老师期望我们赢得这次歌唱比赛。 Our teacher expects us to win the singing competition. 我预计上午11点以前我们能到达山顶。 I expect that we can reach the top by 11 a.m. 41 1 I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me.我真的不在乎我的朋友和我是相似还是不同。 care①(动词)在意;关心②(不可数名词)小心;照顾; take care(=be careful)当心,小心;take care of(=look after)照顾,照看。 例如： I don't care what he thinks. 我不在意他怎么想。 42 2 I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me.我真的不在乎我的朋友和我是相似还是不同。 if(连词)①是否; 引导宾语从句,从句时态应根据实际情况而定。 ②如果; 引导条件状语从句。在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,若主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来,即“主将从现”。 例如： Can you tell me if he can play the drums? 你能告诉我他是否会敲鼓吗? 43 3 She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. 她帮助我在困难的情况下看到一线光明。 silver①〔形容词〕银色的;silver lining 一线光明 ②〔不可数名词〕银;银币;银器;银(灰)色;③〔名词〕银牌 例如： I see an old man with silver hair. 我看见一位银发老人 44 4 She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. 她帮助我在困难的情况下看到一线光明。 situation 〔可数名词〕情况;状况 be in a diffcult/an embarrassing situation处境困难/尴尬 例如： If they don't support us, we will be in adifficult situation. 如果他们不支持我们,我们的处境将会很困难。 45 5 I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen.我知道她关心我，因为她总是在倾听。 care about 关心;担心。 拓展：care for 非常喜欢;照顾。 例如： I know my parents care about me. 我知道我父母关心我。 46 6 I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen.我知道她关心我，因为她总是在倾听。 be there 随时提供帮助;时刻准备伸手相助;随叫随到;不离……左右，此结构之后还可接 for sb。 例如： My parents were always there for me. 我的父母总是随时给予我帮助。 47 7 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友会向你伸出援手,触动你的心灵。 reach （动词）①伸手;达到。reach for 伸手触碰 reach for one's hand 伸手帮某人一把②到达③与……取得联系。 例如： He reached across the table and picked up the book. 他伸手到桌子对面把书拿起来。 48 8 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友会向你伸出援手,触动你的心灵。 touch（及物动词）触动;感动 touch one's heant 打动某人的心； ②（及物动词）触碰;触摸③（名词）触觉;接触 keep/stay in touch ( with sb )(与某人)保持联系；get in touch 取得联系。 例如： The story touched my heart. 这个故事令我感动。 49 9 We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 我们总是乐于伸出援手，互相帮助。 lend (sb) a hand 帮助(某人)与give (sb) a hand 同义。 例如： Please lend me a hand to clean the room. 请帮我打扫一下房间。 50 $