Unit 4 A better me 五种基本句型（核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

Unit 4 A better me 核心语法精练 （五种基本句型） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用恰当的单词填空 3 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 4 四、句型转换 5 一、语法选择 6 二、短文填空 7 基础三句型 语法维度 S + V 主谓 S + V + O 主谓宾 S + V + C 主系表 核心定义 主语 + 不及物动词，动作本身意思完整，后面不需要宾语。 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语，宾语是动作的承受者，必须有宾语句子才完整。 主语 + 系动词 + 表语，用来说明主语的身份、状态、特征。 核心构成 S + Vi（+ 时间/地点状语） 状语可有可无，不影响句型成立 S + Vt + O O = n. / pron. / doing / to do / 从句 S + 系动词 + 表语 表语 = adj. / n. / 介词短语 常见动词 run, go, arrive, happen, sleep, cry, rise, listen, look like, love, need, finish, want, play, buy, make, study be动词：am / is / are / was / were 感官动词：look, feel, sound, smell, taste 变化动词：become, get, turn, grow 保持动词：stay, keep, remain 示例 ✅ Birds fly. ✅ The sun rises in the east. ✅ Something happened yesterday. ✅ She likes English. ✅ I need your help. ✅ They finished their homework. ✅ She is a teacher. ✅ The leaves turn yellow. ✅ You look happy today. 常见错误 ❌ He arrived Beijing. ✅ He arrived in Beijing. arrive 是不及物动词，接地点要加介词 in/at ❌ She likes. ✅ She likes music. 及物动词不能没有宾语，意思不完整 ❌ She feels happily. ✅ She feels happy. 系动词后接形容词作表语，不能用副词 复杂双句型 语法维度 S + V + IO + DO 主谓双宾 S + V + O + C 主谓宾补 核心定义 动词后面带两个宾语： IO（间接宾语）= 人，表示动作对谁做的 DO（直接宾语）= 物，表示动作做了什么 宾语后面再跟一个成分，用来补充说明宾语的状态或身份，没有它句子意思不完整。 核心构成 语序 A：S + V + IO(人) + DO(物) 语序 B：S + V + DO + to / for + IO to 表示动作朝向：give, show, send, teach, tell, bring for 表示为某人做：buy, make, cook, get S + V + O + C C 可以是：n. / adj. / doing / done / to do / 介词短语 宾补和宾语之间有"主表关系"——O 就是 C 的逻辑主语 常见动词 give, bring, buy, send, teach, show, tell, lend, pass, offer make, keep, find, call, ask, want, see, hear, let, help 示例 ✅ He gave me(IO) a book(DO). = He gave a book to me. ✅ Mom bought me a new coat. = Mom bought a new coat for me. ✅ The news made him happy.（adj.作宾补） ✅ We call her Xiao Hong.（n.作宾补） ✅ I saw him running on the playground.（doing作宾补） 常见错误 ❌ He gave a book me. ✅ He gave me a book. / He gave a book to me. IO 后置时必须加介词 to 或 for ❌ We made him to work. ✅ We made him work. 使役动词 make / let / have 后接不带 to 的不定式作宾补 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1. Her stress ___________ (decrease) slowly after she talked with her parents. 2. Her family problems ___________ (affect) her schoolwork greatly last term. 3. My little sister makes me ___________ (feel) happy every day. 4. She ___________ (feel) great when she finishes her daily plan. 5. Her bad temper has brought ___________ (she) so much trouble. 6. There ___________ (be) a man and two boys at the school gate now. 7. There ___________ (be) some misunderstandings between them yesterday. 8. I hope ___________ (hear) from you soon. 9. The news made him ___________ (uncomfort). 10. He shouted loudly and kept his sister ___________ (cry). 二、单项选择。 1. The good news made all of us ___________. A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. to happy 2. My teacher often gives ___________ some useful advice on study. A. we B. ours C. our D. us 3. The flowers ___________ sweet in spring. A. taste B. sound C. smell D. look 4. There ___________ little time left, so we must hurry up. A. is B. are C. was D. were 5. Let him ___________ his homework by himself. A. finish B. finishes C. to finish D. finishing 6. The little boy ___________ very well yesterday. A. sing B. sings C. sang D. singing 7. Her parents bought a new book ___________ her last week. A. to B. for C. with D. of 8. I keep ___________ every morning to keep healthy. A. run B. ran C. to run D. running 9. The weather ___________ warm day by day. A. turns B. turns to C. becomes in D. gets to 10. There ___________ a pen and two notebooks on the desk just now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 三、完成句子。 1. 我们应该好好利用空闲时间阅读。 We should ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________our free time to read books. 2. 妈妈每天为我准备美味的早餐。 My mom ___________ delicious breakfast for me every day. 3. 请保持教室整洁。 Please ___________ the classroom ___________. 4. 昨天我收到朋友的一封来信。 I ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________my friend yesterday. 5. 老师经常鼓励我们勇敢尝试。 Teachers often ___________ ___________ ___________ try bravely. 6. 跑步一小时后，她看起来很疲惫。 She ___________ ___________ after running for an hour. 7. 下周我们会为英语老师举办一场派对。 We will ___________ ___________ ___________ for our English teacher next week. 8. 上周末爸爸给我买了一个篮球。 My dad ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ last weekend. 9. 刚才这个好消息让我们很兴奋。 The good news ___________ ___________ ___________ just now. 10. 很多学生每天坚持锻炼来保持健康。 Lots of students ___________ ___________ every day to keep healthy. 四、句型转换。 1.We use the box to keep our books.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ you ___________ the box to keep your books? 2.The news made us feel excited.（改为否定句） The news ___________ ___________ us feel excited. 3.My mother buys me a new skirt every year.（对划线部分 a new skirt 提问） ___________ ___________ your mother ___________ you every year? 4.Let’s make the classroom clean.（改为反意疑问句） Let’s make the classroom clean, ___________ ___________? 5.He spent two hours finishing the work.（对划线部分 two hours 提问） ___________ ___________ ___________ he ___________ finishing the work? 6.I am sure that he will win the game.（改为否定句） I ___________ __________ ___________that he will win the game. 7.The flower smells sweet.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ the flower ___________ sweet? 8.We should make good use of our free time.（改为否定句） We ___________ ___________ good use of our free time. 9.He runs every morning to stay healthy.（对划线部分 to stay healthy 提问） ___________ ___________ he ___________ every morning? 10.There is a lot of water in the bottle.（改为否定句） There ___________ ___________ a lot of water in the bottle. 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Are you trying to become a better me? It’s a common goal, but the path isn’t always easy. Last year, I found myself getting addicted to online games. My schoolwork started to 1 badly. I felt awful and embarrassed, especially when my teacher asked about my missing homework. My parents were mad, and my messy room only drove them madder. The pressure was huge. One day, my mom sat me down. She didn’t shout. Instead, she calmly said, “You are in charge of your own life. You cannot change the past, 2 you can control your future.” She suggested I try to focus on one small task at a time. I decided to follow her advice. First, I set a timer to limit my game time. Then, I promised 3 my study desk every evening before dinner. It was hard at first. I often felt ashamed of my lack of control. But slowly, I began to see changes. Now, I 4 my time better. I’ve learned that becoming a better person isn’t about being perfect overnight. It’s about making small, positive choices every day. 5 in my class has achieved a perfect “better me” yet, and that’s okay. We’re all on our own journey. Remember, if you’re experiencing bullying or just need to talk, you can always click on the school’s online helpline. You 6 face your problems alone. A problem shared is a problem halved. Since I started this new routine, my grades 7 significantly. Before this change, I 8 so much time on games that I had forgotten how good it felt to succeed in class. A helpful advice column in the school newspaper, “Ask Agony Aunt,” also provided me with great tips. It 9 by senior students, which makes the advice more relatable. Responding to others with sympathy on the school forum has also become a new habit for me. It’s much 10 to be kind than to be angry. 1．A．affect B．be affected C．affecting 2．A．and B．but C．so 3．A．clean up B．cleaning up C．to clean up 4．A．manage B．managed C．have managed 5．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody 6．A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t 7．A．improve B．have improved C．improved 8．A．spent B．have spent C．had spent 9．A．operates B．is operated C．operating 10．A．good B．better C．best 二、语法填空 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的适当形式。 Last year, I decided to make a change and become a better me. I 1 (realize) that I spent too much time playing mobile games and not enough time studying. First, I set a small 2 (goal): I would study for one hour every day after school. I wrote it down on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk 3 a reminder. At first, it was hard. I often wanted to play games 4 than study. But I told myself to keep going. I also asked my best friend to study with me. We helped each other and kept each other 5 (encourage). After a few weeks, I found that studying became easier. I started to get better grades in my tests. I felt 6 (pride) of myself. Then, I decided to take 7 a new hobby: painting. I took painting classes every weekend. It was fun and helped me recover 8 stress. Now, I spend less time on games and more time on study and painting. I’ve learned that small changes can make a big 9 (different). I will keep working hard to become 10 even better version of myself. 1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 A better me（五种基本句型） 参考答案 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1. decreased 2. affected 3. feel 4. feels 5. her 6. is 7. were 8. to hear 9. uncomfortable 10. crying 二、单项选择。 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 三、完成句子。 1. make good use of 2. prepares 3. keep; clean 4. got a letter from 5. encourage us to 6. looks tired 7. hold a party 8. bought me a basketball 9. made us excited 10. keep exercising 四、句型转换。 1. Do; use 2. didn’t make 3. What does; buy 4. shall we 5. How long did; spend 6. am not sure 7. Does; smell 8. shouldn’t make 9. Why does; run 10. is not 一、语法选择 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 二、语法填空 1．realized 2．goal 3．as 4．rather 5．encouraged 6．proud 7．up 8．from 9．difference 10．an 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 A better me 核心语法精练 （五种基本句型） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用恰当的单词填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 9 一、语法选择 10 二、短文填空 13 基础三句型 语法维度 S + V 主谓 S + V + O 主谓宾 S + V + C 主系表 核心定义 主语 + 不及物动词，动作本身意思完整，后面不需要宾语。 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语，宾语是动作的承受者，必须有宾语句子才完整。 主语 + 系动词 + 表语，用来说明主语的身份、状态、特征。 核心构成 S + Vi（+ 时间/地点状语） 状语可有可无，不影响句型成立 S + Vt + O O = n. / pron. / doing / to do / 从句 S + 系动词 + 表语 表语 = adj. / n. / 介词短语 常见动词 run, go, arrive, happen, sleep, cry, rise, listen, look like, love, need, finish, want, play, buy, make, study be动词：am / is / are / was / were 感官动词：look, feel, sound, smell, taste 变化动词：become, get, turn, grow 保持动词：stay, keep, remain 示例 ✅ Birds fly. ✅ The sun rises in the east. ✅ Something happened yesterday. ✅ She likes English. ✅ I need your help. ✅ They finished their homework. ✅ She is a teacher. ✅ The leaves turn yellow. ✅ You look happy today. 常见错误 ❌ He arrived Beijing. ✅ He arrived in Beijing. arrive 是不及物动词，接地点要加介词 in/at ❌ She likes. ✅ She likes music. 及物动词不能没有宾语，意思不完整 ❌ She feels happily. ✅ She feels happy. 系动词后接形容词作表语，不能用副词 复杂双句型 语法维度 S + V + IO + DO 主谓双宾 S + V + O + C 主谓宾补 核心定义 动词后面带两个宾语： IO（间接宾语）= 人，表示动作对谁做的 DO（直接宾语）= 物，表示动作做了什么 宾语后面再跟一个成分，用来补充说明宾语的状态或身份，没有它句子意思不完整。 核心构成 语序 A：S + V + IO(人) + DO(物) 语序 B：S + V + DO + to / for + IO to 表示动作朝向：give, show, send, teach, tell, bring for 表示为某人做：buy, make, cook, get S + V + O + C C 可以是：n. / adj. / doing / done / to do / 介词短语 宾补和宾语之间有"主表关系"——O 就是 C 的逻辑主语 常见动词 give, bring, buy, send, teach, show, tell, lend, pass, offer make, keep, find, call, ask, want, see, hear, let, help 示例 ✅ He gave me(IO) a book(DO). = He gave a book to me. ✅ Mom bought me a new coat. = Mom bought a new coat for me. ✅ The news made him happy.（adj.作宾补） ✅ We call her Xiao Hong.（n.作宾补） ✅ I saw him running on the playground.（doing作宾补） 常见错误 ❌ He gave a book me. ✅ He gave me a book. / He gave a book to me. IO 后置时必须加介词 to 或 for ❌ We made him to work. ✅ We made him work. 使役动词 make / let / have 后接不带 to 的不定式作宾补 一、用恰当的单词填空。 1. Her stress ___________ (decrease) slowly after she talked with her parents. 【答案】decreased 【解析】本句为 S+V 主谓句型。句中有过去时间状语，动作发生在过去，谓语动词用一般过去式，故填 decreased。 2. Her family problems ___________ (affect) her schoolwork greatly last term. 【答案】affected 【解析】本句为 S+V+O 主谓宾句型。last term 为一般过去时标志，谓语动词用过去式，故填 affected。 3. My little sister makes me ___________ (feel) happy every day. 【答案】feel 【解析】本句为 S+V+O+C 主谓宾补句型。make 为使役动词，固定用法 make sb. do sth.，后接动词原形作宾补，故填 feel。 4. She ___________ (feel) great when she finishes her daily plan. 【答案】feels 【解析】本句为 S+V+C 主系表句型。主语 she 是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式，故填 feels。 5. Her bad temper has brought ___________ (she) so much trouble. 【答案】her 【解析】本句为 S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾句型。动词 brought 后接间接宾语，需用人称代词宾格形式，故填 her。 6. There ___________ (be) a man and two boys at the school gate now. 【答案】is 【解析】本句为 there be 句型，遵循就近原则。靠近 be 动词的 a man 为单数，结合 now 一般现在时，故填 is。 7. There ___________ (be) some misunderstandings between them yesterday. 【答案】were 【解析】本句为 there be 句型，遵循就近原则。就近名词为复数形式，yesterday 提示一般过去时，故填 were。 8. I hope ___________ (hear) from you soon. 【答案】to hear 【解析】本句为 S+V+O 主谓宾句型。固定搭配 hope to do sth.（希望做某事），不定式作宾语，故填 to hear。 9. The news made him ___________ (uncomfort). 【答案】uncomfortable 【解析】本句为 S+V+O+C 主谓宾补句型。固定结构 make sb. + 形容词，需将名词 uncomfort 变为形容词 uncomfortable 作宾补，故填 uncomfortable。 10. He shouted loudly and kept his sister ___________ (cry). 【答案】crying 【解析】本句为 S+V+O+C 主谓宾补句型。固定搭配 keep sb. doing sth.（让某人持续做某事），现在分词作宾补，故填 crying。 二、单项选择。 1. The good news made all of us ___________. A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. to happy 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 S+V+O+C 主谓宾补句型。本句谓语动词 make 是使役动词，适用 make sb.+ 形容词这一固定结构，形容词放在宾语后面，用作宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语 all of us 的状态。B 选项 happily 是副词，副词不能作宾补；C 选项 happiness 是名词，语义不通；D 选项 to happy 属于错误形式，to 后面不能直接加形容词。综合分析，这里应该选用形容词 happy。 2. My teacher often gives ___________ some useful advice on study. A. we B. ours C. our D. us 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查 S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾句型。give 属于可以接双宾语的动词，结构为 give sb. sth.，含义是给某人某物。动词后面的间接宾语需要使用人称代词宾格形式。A 选项 we 是主格，只能作句子主语；C 选项 our 是形容词性物主代词，后面必须搭配名词；D 选项 ours 是名词性物主代词，单独使用表示所属。所以此处要用人称代词宾格 us。 3. The flowers ___________ sweet in spring. A. taste B. sound C. smell D. look 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 S+V+P 主系表句型。这道题考查感官系动词的词义辨析，感官系动词后面需要接形容词作表语，描述主语的特征。taste 表示尝起来，sound 表示听起来，smell 表示闻起来，look 表示看起来。根据主语 the flowers 花朵以及后面的 sweet 香甜，花朵是通过嗅觉感知香味，因此 smell 符合句子语境。 4. There ___________ little time left, so we must hurry up. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 there be 句型。there be 句型遵循就近原则，be 动词的单复数由紧跟其后的名词决定。本句紧跟 be 动词的名词是 time，time 表示时间时属于不可数名词，视作单数。后半句 so we must hurry up 使用情态动词 must，是一般现在时，因此 be 动词用一般现在时的单数 is。little 修饰不可数名词，表示几乎没有，用来修饰 time。 5. Let him ___________ his homework by himself. A. finish B. finishes C. to finish D. finishing 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 S+V+O+C 主谓宾补句型。let 是典型的使役动词，固定用法为 let sb. do sth.，意思是让某人做某事，后面要用不带 to 的动词原形作宾语补足语。B 选项 finishes 是动词第三人称单数形式；C 选项 to finish 是动词不定式；D 选项 finishing 是动名词或者现在分词，都不符合 let 的用法，所以选择动词原形 finish。 6. The little boy ___________ very well yesterday. A. sing B. sings C. sang D. singing 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 S+V 主谓句型。sing 是不及物动词，后面不需要接宾语，构成主谓结构。句中 yesterday 是明显的一般过去时的时间标志词，说明动作发生在过去，谓语动词需要使用过去式。A 选项 sing 是动词原形；B 选项 sings 是一般现在时第三人称单数；D 选项 singing 是非谓语，不能单独作谓语。sing 的过去式是 sang，故选 C。 7. Her parents bought a new book ___________ her last week. A. to B. for C. with D. of 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查主谓双宾句型的转换。buy 是双宾语动词，固定搭配 buy sb. sth. 可以转换成 buy sth. for sb.，含义是为某人买某物。当直接宾语提前时，间接宾语前面要加介词 for。to 一般用在 give、send 这类动词的转换结构；with 表示伴随；of 表示所属关系，均不符合 buy 的搭配，因此选 for。 8. I keep ___________ every morning to keep healthy. A. run B. ran C. to run D. running 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查 S+V+O 主谓宾句型。keep 是及物动词，后面可以接动名词作宾语，固定短语 keep doing sth.，表示持续、坚持做某事。A 选项 run 是动词原形，不能直接放在 keep 后面；C 选项 to run 是不定式，keep 后面不接不定式；D 选项 ran 是 run 的过去式，不能作宾语。所以这里使用动名词 running。 9. The weather ___________ warm day by day. A. turns B. turns to C. becomes in D. gets to 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查 S+V+P 主系表句型。turn 在这里是变化类系动词，后面可以直接加形容词作表语，表示逐渐变得。turn to 后面要接名词，意思是转向；becomes in 和 gets to 都是错误搭配，become、get 作系动词时，不需要加介词 in 或 to，可直接接形容词。本句表达天气一天天变暖，所以选 turns。 10. There ___________ a pen and two notebooks on the desk just now. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查 there be 句型的就近原则。there be 句型中 be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定，本句离 be 最近的名词是 a pen，属于单数名词。时间状语 just now 意思是刚才，代表一般过去时，因此 be 动词需要使用过去式 was。A、B 是一般现在时；D 选项 were 是复数过去式，不符合就近原则，故选 C。 三、完成句子。 1. 我们应该好好利用空闲时间阅读。 We should ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________our free time to read books. 【答案】make good use of 【解析】考查固定短语 make good use of，意为好好利用，本句属于主谓宾句型。情态动词 should 后面需要接动词原形，因此短语中的动词 make 保持原形，这是本单元重点短语。 2. 妈妈每天为我准备美味的早餐。 My mom ___________ delicious breakfast for me every day. 【答案】prepares 【解析】考查主谓双宾句型和固定短语 prepare sth. for sb.，意思是为某人准备某物。主语 my mom 是第三人称单数，every day 表示一般现在时，谓语动词 prepare 要变为第三人称单数形式 prepares。 3. 请保持教室整洁。 Please ___________ the classroom ___________. 【答案】keep; clean 【解析】考查主谓宾补句型 keep + 宾语 + 形容词作宾补。本句是祈使句，要以动词原形开头。keep 表示保持，the classroom 作宾语，形容词 clean 作宾语补足语，用来描述宾语的状态，是本单元核心句型。 4. 昨天我收到朋友的一封来信。 I ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________my friend yesterday. 【答案】got a letter from 【解析】考查主谓宾句型和固定短语 get a letter from sb.，表示收到某人来信。时间状语 yesterday 表明句子是一般过去时，动词 get 需要改成过去式 got。 5. 老师经常鼓励我们勇敢尝试。 Teachers often ___________ ___________ ___________ try bravely. 【答案】encourage us to 【解析】考查主谓宾补句型，固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth.，意为鼓励某人做某事。主语 teachers 是复数，本句为一般现在时，动词 encourage 用原形；动词后面用人称代词宾格 us。 6. 跑步一小时后，她看起来很疲惫。 She ___________ ___________ after running for an hour. 【答案】looks tired 【解析】考查主系表句型。look 是感官系动词，后面接形容词作表语。主语 she 是第三人称单数，描述当下状态，look 变为 looks，tired 是形容词，表示疲惫的。 7. 下周我们会为英语老师举办一场派对。 We will ___________ ___________ ___________ for our English teacher next week. 【答案】hold a party 【解析】考查主谓宾句型，hold a party 是固定短语，意为举办派对。will 是一般将来时助动词，后面必须接动词原形，hold 保持原形不变。 8. 上周末爸爸给我买了一个篮球。 My dad ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ last weekend. 【答案】bought me a basketball 【解析】考查主谓双宾句型 buy sb. sth.，意思是给某人买某物。last weekend 表示上周末，时态为一般过去时，buy 的过去式是 bought；me 是间接宾语，a basketball 是直接宾语。 9. 刚才这个好消息让我们很兴奋。 The good news ___________ ___________ ___________ just now. 【答案】made us excited 【解析】考查主谓宾补句型 make sb.+ 形容词。make 是使役动词，后接宾语，再加形容词作宾补。just now 表示刚才，时态是一般过去时，make 变为过去式 made，excited 用来描述人的感受。 10. 很多学生每天坚持锻炼来保持健康。 Lots of students ___________ ___________ every day to keep healthy. 【答案】keep exercising 【解析】考查主谓宾句型，固定短语 keep doing sth.，表示坚持做某事。主语 lots of students 是复数，every day 是一般现在时标志，keep 使用原形；exercise 变动名词 exercising 作 keep 的宾语。 四、句型转换。 1.We use the box to keep our books.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ you ___________ the box to keep your books? 【答案】Do; use 【解析】原句是一般现在时主谓宾句型，主语 we，变一般疑问句需要借助助动词 Do，后面的实义动词变回原形 use，人称 we 改为 you。 2.The news made us feel excited.（改为否定句） The news ___________ ___________ us feel excited. 【答案】didn’t make 【解析】原句为一般过去时，谓语动词 made 是实义动词过去式，变否定需要借助 didn’t，后面动词还原为原形 make。 3.My mother buys me a new skirt every year.（对划线部分 a new skirt 提问） ___________ ___________ your mother ___________ you every year? 【答案】What does; buy 【解析】划线部分是直接宾语（物品），用疑问词 What 提问；主语 my mother 是第三人称单数，一般现在时借助助动词 does，谓语动词变回原形 buy。 4.Let’s make the classroom clean.（改为反意疑问句） Let’s make the classroom clean, ___________ ___________? 【答案】shall we 【解析】Let’s 开头的祈使句，反意疑问句固定用 shall we，意思是 “好吗”，用于征求对方意见。 5.He spent two hours finishing the work.（对划线部分 two hours 提问） ___________ ___________ ___________ he ___________ finishing the work? 【答案】How long did; spend 【解析】划线部分是时间段，用 How long 提问；原句是一般过去时，借助助动词 did，谓语 spent 变回原形 spend。 6.I am sure that he will win the game.（改为否定句） I ___________ __________ ___________that he will win the game. 【答案】am not sure 【解析】主句含有 be 动词 am，直接在 be 后面加 not 构成否定，that 引导的宾语从句保持不变。 7.The flower smells sweet.（改为一般疑问句） ___________ the flower ___________ sweet? 【答案】Does; smell 【解析】原句为主系表结构，主语 the flower 是单数，一般现在时，变疑问借助助动词 Does，感官系动词 smells 变回原形 smell。 8.We should make good use of our free time.（改为否定句） We ___________ ___________ good use of our free time. 【答案】shouldn’t make 【解析】原句含有情态动词 should，直接在 should 后加 not，缩写为 shouldn’t，后面动词保持原形 make。 9.He runs every morning to stay healthy.（对划线部分 to stay healthy 提问） ___________ ___________ he ___________ every morning? 【答案】Why does; run 【解析】划线部分是目的状语，用疑问词 Why 提问；主语 he 是第三人称单数，借助助动词 does，runs 变回原形 run。 10.There is a lot of water in the bottle.（改为否定句） There ___________ ___________ a lot of water in the bottle. 【答案】is not 【解析】there be 句型变否定，直接在 be 动词 is 后面加 not，后面名词短语保持不变 一、语法选择 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Are you trying to become a better me? It’s a common goal, but the path isn’t always easy. Last year, I found myself getting addicted to online games. My schoolwork started to 1 badly. I felt awful and embarrassed, especially when my teacher asked about my missing homework. My parents were mad, and my messy room only drove them madder. The pressure was huge. One day, my mom sat me down. She didn’t shout. Instead, she calmly said, “You are in charge of your own life. You cannot change the past, 2 you can control your future.” She suggested I try to focus on one small task at a time. I decided to follow her advice. First, I set a timer to limit my game time. Then, I promised 3 my study desk every evening before dinner. It was hard at first. I often felt ashamed of my lack of control. But slowly, I began to see changes. Now, I 4 my time better. I’ve learned that becoming a better person isn’t about being perfect overnight. It’s about making small, positive choices every day. 5 in my class has achieved a perfect “better me” yet, and that’s okay. We’re all on our own journey. Remember, if you’re experiencing bullying or just need to talk, you can always click on the school’s online helpline. You 6 face your problems alone. A problem shared is a problem halved. Since I started this new routine, my grades 7 significantly. Before this change, I 8 so much time on games that I had forgotten how good it felt to succeed in class. A helpful advice column in the school newspaper, “Ask Agony Aunt,” also provided me with great tips. It 9 by senior students, which makes the advice more relatable. Responding to others with sympathy on the school forum has also become a new habit for me. It’s much 10 to be kind than to be angry. 1．A．affect B．be affected C．affecting 2．A．and B．but C．so 3．A．clean up B．cleaning up C．to clean up 4．A．manage B．managed C．have managed 5．A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody 6．A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t 7．A．improve B．have improved C．improved 8．A．spent B．have spent C．had spent 9．A．operates B．is operated C．operating 10．A．good B．better C．best 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者戒掉网游、做出改变成为更好自己的经历，告诉读者变好在于日常小选择，不必独自面对困难。 【详解】 1．句意：我的学业开始受到严重影响。 主语“学业”和动词“影响”是被动关系，被动语态“be affected”表示“被影响”，符合语态用法。 2．句意：你不能改变过去，但你可以掌控你的未来。 “You cannot change the past, ... you can control your future”表明前后句为转折关系，“but”表示“但是”，符合逻辑。 3．句意：我承诺每天晚饭前清理我的书桌。 固定搭配“promise to do sth”表示“承诺做某事”，不定式“to clean up”作宾语。 4．句意：现在我能更好地管理我的时间。 “Now”表明此处陈述现在的常态情况，是一般现在时，主语为第一人称，动词原形“manage”符合谓语动词单复数用法。 5．句意：我们班还没有人实现完美的“更好的我”，这没关系。 “yet”表明该句是否定句，此处需用否定含义的不定代词，“Nobody”表示“没有人”，符合语义。 6．句意：你不必独自面对你的问题。 前文提到可以点击学校在线求助热线，此处表示“不必”独自面对，“needn’t”表示“不必”，符合语义。 7．句意：自从我开始这个新日常，我的成绩已经有了显著提升。 since“自从”引导的一般过去时时间状语从句，主句需要用现在完成时，“have improved”是现在完成时，符合时态要求。 8．句意：在这个改变之前，我花了太多时间在游戏上，以至于我都忘了课堂上取得成功的感觉有多好。 “Before this change”表示动作发生在过去的改变之前，即“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时，“had spent”是过去完成时，符合时态要求。 9．句意：它由高年级学生运营，这让建议更有共鸣。 “it”指代前文的“建议专栏”，和动词“运营”是被动关系，需用被动语态，“is operated”是被动语态，符合语态规则。 10．句意：友善比愤怒要好得多。 “than”是比较级的标志，“better”表示“更好”，符合语义和语法。 二、语法填空 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的适当形式。 Last year, I decided to make a change and become a better me. I 1 (realize) that I spent too much time playing mobile games and not enough time studying. First, I set a small 2 (goal): I would study for one hour every day after school. I wrote it down on a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk 3 a reminder. At first, it was hard. I often wanted to play games 4 than study. But I told myself to keep going. I also asked my best friend to study with me. We helped each other and kept each other 5 (encourage). After a few weeks, I found that studying became easier. I started to get better grades in my tests. I felt 6 (pride) of myself. Then, I decided to take 7 a new hobby: painting. I took painting classes every weekend. It was fun and helped me recover 8 stress. Now, I spend less time on games and more time on study and painting. I’ve learned that small changes can make a big 9 (different). I will keep working hard to become 10 even better version of myself. 1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5._____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________ 10.____________ 【答案】 1．realized 2．goal 3．as 4．rather 5．encouraged 6．proud 7．up 8．from 9．difference 10．an 【导语】本文讲述了作者去年决定改变自己，通过设定学习目标、与朋友互相鼓励、培养绘画爱好等方式，逐渐减少游戏时间，提升学习和生活质量的过程。 【详解】 1．句意：我意识到我花了太多时间玩手机游戏，而没有花足够的时间学习。描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时。“realize”的过去式为“realized”。 2．句意：首先，我设定了一个小目标：我每天放学后要学习一个小时。不定冠词“a”后需接可数名词单数形式，“goal”意为“目标”。 3．句意：我把它写在一张纸上，贴在书桌上作为提醒。表示“作为”，需用介词“as”。 4．句意：我经常想玩游戏而不是学习。“rather than”是固定短语，意为“而不是”，需用“rather”。 5．句意：我们互相帮助并互相鼓励。“keep sb. + 形容词”结构中，形容词作宾语补足语。修饰人，需用-ed结尾的形容词“encouraged”，意为“受到鼓励的”。 6．句意：我为自己感到自豪。“feel proud of”是固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”，需用形容词“proud”。 7．句意：然后，我决定培养一个新爱好：绘画。“take up”是固定短语，意为“开始从事，培养”，需用副词“up”。 8．句意：这很有趣，也帮助我缓解了压力。recover from stress意为“从压力中恢复过来”，需用介词“from”。 9．句意：我了解到小改变可以带来大不同。“make a difference”是固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，需用名词“difference”。 10．句意：我将继续努力成为更好的自己。此处表示“一个更好的版本”，even以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $