Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle 可数名词和不可数名词（核心语法精练）英语新教材译林版七年级上册

Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle核心语法精练·原卷版 （可数名词和不可数名词） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用a、an或 \ 填空。 4 三、用所给名词的适当形式填空 5 四、按要求改写句子 5 五、翻译句子 5 一、语法填空 6 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 基本概念 例子 能够用数目直接计数的人或事物，分为单数、复数两种形式。 单数：单个的人/物，例：a sandwich 一个三明治 复数：两个及以上，例：different ways 不同的方式 可数名词单数变复数的变化规则 规则变化 规则 示例 1　 大多数词后加-s cat→cats friend→friends 2　 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词后加-es glass→glasses box→boxes watch→watches brush→brushes 3　 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词, 变y为i,再加-es country→countries baby→babies 4　 以f或fe结尾的词,将f 或fe变为v, 再加-es shelf→shelves knife→knives 5　 以o结尾的词加-es或-s tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes 不规则变化 规则 示例 1　 单复数同形 deer→deer sheep→sheep 2　 改变单数名词内部的元音字母或部分字母 foot→feet tooth→teeth man→men woman→women 3　 词尾加-en child→children 可数名词单数核心用法： 单数名词前面一般必须搭配限定词： 1　  冠词：a / an / the 2　  指示代词：this, that 3　  形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, their 4　  名词所有格：John’s 冠词 a / an 用法区分（必考） 1　  a：放在辅音音素开头单词前； 2　  an：放在元音音素开头单词前； > 注意：看发音，不是看首字母。 例句： an apple tree 一棵苹果树 an hour 一小时（hour h 不发音，元音开头） an umbrella 一把雨伞 a useful book 一本有用的书（useful 辅音音素开头） 不可数名词 基本概念 分类 示例 无法直接计数，没有单复数变化。 物质名词 食物 bread面包 meat肉 饮料 milk牛奶 coffee咖啡 自然物质 sand沙子 water水 抽象名词 情感 peace平静joy高兴 概念 work工作 学科 math(s)数学geography地理chemistry化学 1. 不可数名词核心用法： （1）前面不能直接加 a/an； （2）修饰词：some、much、a little、little、a lot of、lots of； （3）作主语时，谓语动词统一用单数形式； 例：Coffee is a kind of drink. 2.不可数名词的计量 不可数名词的计量形式“基数词/不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。 示例： a glass of water 一杯水 three pieces of advice 三条建议 a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 two pieces of news两则新闻 一、单项选择。 1. There are some ________ on the table. A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomato’s 2. —What would you like, Simon? —________, please. A. Two cup of tea B. Two cups of teas C. Two cups of tea D. Two cup of teas 3. —I’m thirsty, Mum. —Here is ________ bottle of juice for you. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. There ________ some milk and eggs on the table. A. is B. are C. has D. have 5. Too much sugar ________ bad for our teeth. A. is B. are C. am D. be 6. We don’t have ________ rice at home. Let’s buy two bags of ________. A. some; rice B. any; rice C. any; rices D. some; rices 7. —Do you have ________ carrots, Daniel? —Yes, I have ________. A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some 8. Daniel has a sweet tooth, but too many ________ are bad for him. A. sweet B. sweets C. sugar D. salt 9. There are five ________ and three ________ in the reading room. A. men; womans B. man; woman C. men; women D. mans; womans 10. Let’s get three ________ of meat for the class party. A. kilo B. kilos C. kiloes D. kilo’s 11. —Would you like ________ cakes? —No, thanks. I seldom eat them. A. any B. much C. some D. a 12. —Does Millie ________ dancing? —Yes. She ________ for half an hour every day. A. likes; dances B. like; dance C. like; dances D. likes; dance 13. My sister is good at ________ music. A. listening B. listening to C. listen to D. listens to 14. We have a PE lesson ________ the afternoon ________ Tuesday. A. in; on B. on; in C. in; in D. on; on 15. There is ________ “s” and ________ “u” in the word “sugar”. A. a; a B. an; an C. an; a D. a; an 二、用a、an或 \ 填空。 1. I eat ________ egg every morning. 2. Simon wants ________ apple after lunch. 3. Unit 5 is ________ unit about a healthy lifestyle. 4. Kitty dances for half ________ hour every day. 5. She has ________ orange and some milk for breakfast. 6. Would you like ________ cake, Daniel? 7. I drink ________ milk every day. It’s good for me. 8. We need ________ water for the party. 9. There is ________ sheep on the hill. 10. Fish is ________ healthy food. 三、用所给名词的适当形式填空 1. I buy two ____________ (tomato) in the shop. 2. There is some ____________ (soup) in the bowl. 3. Three ____________ (child) are dancing in the hall. 4. A few ____________ (sheep) are eating grass on the hill. 5. Don’t eat too much ____________ (sugar). 6. There are many ____________ (potato) in the bag. 7. My sister likes reading ____________ (story) in the evening. 8. Would you like some ____________ (bread), Millie? 9. We watch two football ____________ (match) every week. 10. Kitty drinks some ____________ (milk) every morning. 11. There are four ____________ (box) of eggs on the table. 12. Two ____________ (woman) are talking about food. 13. Brush your ____________ (tooth) twice a day. 14. Daniel takes many ____________ (photo) of his school. 15. A sheep has four ____________ (foot). 四、按要求改写句子 1. This is a box.（改为复数句） ______________________________ 2. There is a piece of paper on the desk.（改为复数） ______________________________ 3. Coffee is my favourite drink.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________ 五、翻译句子 1. 我想喝一杯水。 I want to drink ________ ________ ________ water. 2. 桌上有三碗汤。 There are ________ ________ ________ soup on the table. 3. 太多糖对我们的牙齿不好。 Too much sugar ________ ________ ________ our teeth. 4. 我们班有二十个男生和十八个女生。 There are ________ boys and ________ girls in our class. 5. 我早餐吃一个煎饼，喝一些牛奶。 I have ________ ________ and ________ ________ for breakfast. 6. 他每天晚上睡九个小时。 He gets ________ ________ of sleep every night. 7. 对我来说，对蛋糕说“不”很难。 It is hard for me to ________ ________ ________ cakes. 8. 请给我两片奶酪。 Please give me ________ ________ ________ cheese. 9. 我们应该多吃水果和蔬菜。 We should eat ________ fruit and ________. 10. 熬夜对你的健康不好。 ________ ________ late is bad for your health. 一、语法填空 根据括号内英文单词提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Baduanjin, a form of Qigong, has a history of over 800 years. Originating from the Song dynasty(960—1279), Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness_____1______( exercise) in China. Compared(对比) to sports like ball games or swimming, Baduanjin is slow and usually played with soft music, so it's often seen as a good way for the old people ____2_____( rest), but young people are now also ____3_____( get) interested in it. Over 1,000 videos about Baduanjin can be found on the Internet, and one of the teaching videos is played for ____4_____( much) than 10 million times. But ____5_____does Baduanjin become so popular? In fact, it's a perfect sport for office _____6____( work) and students, as they often sit at the desk. It helps kill ____7_____( they) neck and back pain(疼痛) after long working hours and it doesn't need much effort, time, _____8_____space. “I do Baduanjin_____9_____ about half an hour every day,” a young man said. “It gives me a healthy lifestyle and _____10____( help) me sleep better and get stronger.” Chinese traditional fitness is more and more popular among young people around the world. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle核心语法精练·解析版 （可数名词和不可数名词） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用a、an或 \ 填空。 6 三、用所给名词的适当形式填空 7 四、按要求改写句子 8 五、翻译句子 9 0 一、语法填空 10 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 基本概念 例子 能够用数目直接计数的人或事物，分为单数、复数两种形式。 单数：单个的人/物，例：a sandwich 一个三明治 复数：两个及以上，例：different ways 不同的方式 可数名词单数变复数的变化规则 规则变化 规则 示例 1　 大多数词后加-s cat→cats friend→friends 2　 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词后加-es glass→glasses box→boxes watch→watches brush→brushes 3　 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词, 变y为i,再加-es country→countries baby→babies 4　 以f或fe结尾的词,将f 或fe变为v, 再加-es shelf→shelves knife→knives 5　 以o结尾的词加-es或-s tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes 不规则变化 规则 示例 1　 单复数同形 deer→deer sheep→sheep 2　 改变单数名词内部的元音字母或部分字母 foot→feet tooth→teeth man→men woman→women 3　 词尾加-en child→children 可数名词单数核心用法： 单数名词前面一般必须搭配限定词： 1　  冠词：a / an / the 2　  指示代词：this, that 3　  形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, their 4　  名词所有格：John’s 冠词 a / an 用法区分（必考） 1　  a：放在辅音音素开头单词前； 2　  an：放在元音音素开头单词前； > 注意：看发音，不是看首字母。 例句： an apple tree 一棵苹果树 an hour 一小时（hour h 不发音，元音开头） an umbrella 一把雨伞 a useful book 一本有用的书（useful 辅音音素开头） 不可数名词 基本概念 分类 示例 无法直接计数，没有单复数变化。 物质名词 食物 bread面包 meat肉 饮料 milk牛奶 coffee咖啡 自然物质 sand沙子 water水 抽象名词 情感 peace平静joy高兴 概念 work工作 学科 math(s)数学geography地理chemistry化学 1. 不可数名词核心用法： （1）前面不能直接加 a/an； （2）修饰词：some、much、a little、little、a lot of、lots of； （3）作主语时，谓语动词统一用单数形式； 例：Coffee is a kind of drink. 2.不可数名词的计量 不可数名词的计量形式“基数词/不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。 示例： a glass of water 一杯水 three pieces of advice 三条建议 a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 two pieces of news两则新闻 一、单项选择。 1. There are some ________ on the table. A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomato’s 【答案】C 【解析】句意：桌子上有一些西红柿。 some 后接可数名词复数；tomato “西红柿”，以 o 结尾，有生命，复数加es → tomatoes。故选 C。 2. —What would you like, Simon? —________, please. A. Two cup of tea B. Two cups of teas C. Two cups of tea D. Two cup of teas 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 西蒙，你想要点什么？—— 请两杯茶。 cup 是可数名词，two 后用复数 cups；tea 茶，不可数名词，无复数。two cups of tea 两杯茶。故选 C。 3. —I’m thirsty, Mum. —Here is ________ bottle of juice for you. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】句意：妈妈，我渴了。这有一瓶果汁给你。 bottle 辅音音素开头；a bottle of 一瓶……，固定搭配。故选 A。 4. There ________ some milk and eggs on the table. A. is B. are C. has D. have 【答案】A 【解析】句意：桌上有一些牛奶和鸡蛋。 there be 就近原则，离 be 近的 milk 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is；there be 不与 have/has 连用。故选 A。 5. Too much sugar ________ bad for our teeth. A. is B. are C. am D. be 【答案】A 【解析】句意：太多糖对我们牙齿有害。 sugar 糖，不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数 is。be bad for 对…… 有害。故选 A。 6. We don’t have ________ rice at home. Let’s buy two bags of ________. A. some; rice B. any; rice C. any; rices D. some; rices 【答案】B 【解析】句意：家里没有米了，我们买两袋米。 否定句用 any 不用 some；rice 大米是不可数名词，没有复数。故选 B。 7. —Do you have ________ carrots, Daniel? —Yes, I have ________. A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 丹尼尔，你有胡萝卜吗？—— 是的，我有一些。 any 多用于疑问句、否定句；some 多用于肯定句。问句用 any，答句肯定句用 some。故选 B。 8. Daniel has a sweet tooth, but too many ________ are bad for him. A. sweet B. sweets C. sugar D. salt 【答案】B 【解析】句意：丹尼尔爱吃甜食，但太多糖果对他不好。 too many 后接可数名词复数；sweet 作名词 “糖果”，复数 sweets。sugar 糖，不可数，不能用 many 修饰。故选 B。 9. There are five ________ and three ________ in the reading room. A. men; womans B. man; woman C. men; women D. mans; womans 【答案】C 【解析】句意：阅览室里有五位男士和三位女士。 man 复数 men；woman 复数 women，属于不规则变化。故选 C。 10. Let’s get three ________ of meat for the class party. A. kilo B. kilos C. kiloes D. kilo’s 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们买三公斤肉用来班级派对。 kilo “公斤”，复数直接加 s → kilos。three kilos of meat 三公斤肉。故选 B。 11. —Would you like ________ cakes? —No, thanks. I seldom eat them. A. any B. much C. some D. a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你想要来点蛋糕吗？—— 不用，谢谢，我很少吃。 Would you like…? 表示委婉请求疑问句，希望得到肯定回答，用 some；cakes 是复数，不能用 a；much 修饰不可数名词。故选 C。 12. —Does Millie ________ dancing? —Yes. She ________ for half an hour every day. A. likes; dances B. like; dance C. like; dances D. likes; dance 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 米莉喜欢跳舞吗？—— 是的，她每天跳半小时。 第一空助动词 Does 后接动词原形 like；第二空主语 she 是三单，every day 一般现在时，动词 dances。故选 C。 13. My sister is good at ________ music. A. listening B. listening to C. listen to D. listens to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我妹妹擅长听音乐。 be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事；listen 是不及物动词，listen to music 听音乐。故选 B。 14. We have a PE lesson ________ the afternoon ________ Tuesday. A. in; on B. on; in C. in; in D. on; on 【答案】A 【解析】句意：周二下午我们有一节体育课。 in the afternoon 在下午；星期前介词用 on，on Tuesday 在周二。故选 A。 15. There is ________ “s” and ________ “u” in the word “sugar”. A. a; a B. an; an C. an; a D. a; an 【答案】C 【解析】句意：单词 sugar 里面有一个 s 和一个 u。 s 发音以元音音素开头，用 an；u 发音以辅音音素 /j/ 开头，用 a。故选 C。 二、用a、an或 \ 填空。 1. I eat ________ egg every morning. 【答案】an 【解析】egg 元音音素开头，an egg 一个鸡蛋。 2. Simon wants ________ apple after lunch. 【答案】an 【解析】apple 元音音素开头，an apple 一个苹果。 3. Unit 5 is ________ unit about a healthy lifestyle. 【答案】a 【解析】unit 发音辅音 /j/ 开头，a unit 一个单元。 4. Kitty dances for half ________ hour every day. 【答案】an 【解析】hour 不发音，元音音素开头，half an hour 半小时。 5. She has ________ orange and some milk for breakfast. 【答案】an 【解析】orange 元音音素开头，an orange 一个橙子。 6. Would you like ________ cake, Daniel? 【答案】a 【解析】cake 辅音音素开头，would you like a cake 想要一块蛋糕。 7. I drink ________ milk every day. It’s good for me. 【答案】/ 【解析】milk 牛奶不可数名词，前面不加 a/an。 8. We need ________ water for the party. 【答案】/ 【解析】water 水不可数名词，不加冠词。 9. There is ________ sheep on the hill. 【答案】a 【解析】sheep 可数名词单数，a sheep 一只羊。 10. Fish is ________ healthy food. 【答案】/ 【解析】food 此处不可数，healthy food 健康食物，零冠词。 三、用所给名词的适当形式填空 1. I buy two ____________ (tomato) in the shop. 【答案】tomatoes 【解析】two 后接复数；tomato 复数 tomatoes。 2. There is some ____________ (soup) in the bowl. 【答案】soup 【解析】soup 汤，不可数名词，不变形。 3. Three ____________ (child) are dancing in the hall. 【答案】children 【解析】three 后接复数；child 不规则复数 children。 4. A few ____________ (sheep) are eating grass on the hill. 【答案】sheep 【解析】a few 后接复数；sheep 单复数同形。 5. Don’t eat too much ____________ (sugar). 【答案】sugar 【解析】sugar 糖不可数，too much 后接不可数名词。 6. There are many ____________ (potato) in the bag. 【答案】potatoes 【解析】many 后接复数；potato 复数 potatoes。 7. My sister likes reading ____________ (story) in the evening. 【答案】stories 【解析】读很多故事，story 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i+es → stories。 8. Would you like some ____________ (bread), Millie? 【答案】bread 【解析】bread 面包不可数，some 后可接不可数名词。 9. We watch two football ____________ (match) every week. 【答案】matches 【解析】two 后接复数；match 以 ch 结尾，加es → matches。 10. Kitty drinks some ____________ (milk) every morning. 【答案】milk 【解析】milk 牛奶不可数。 11. There are four ____________ (box) of eggs on the table. 【答案】boxes 【解析】four 后复数；box 以 x 结尾，加es → boxes。 12. Two ____________ (woman) are talking about food. 【答案】women 【解析】two 后接复数；woman 复数 women。 13. Brush your ____________ (tooth) twice a day. 【答案】teeth 【解析】tooth 牙齿，不规则复数 teeth；brush one’s teeth 刷牙。 14. Daniel takes many ____________ (photo) of his school. 【答案】photos 【解析】many 后复数；photo 直接加 s → photos。 15. A sheep has four ____________ (foot). 【答案】feet 【解析】four 后复数；foot 脚，不规则复数 feet。 四、按要求改写句子 1. This is a box.（改为复数句） ______________________________ 【答案】These are boxes. 【解析】this→these；is→are；a box→boxes。 2. There is a piece of paper on the desk.（改为复数） ______________________________ 【答案】There are some pieces of paper on the desk. 【解析】is 改为 are；a piece 改为 some pieces；paper 不可数不变。 3. Coffee is my favourite drink.（改为一般疑问句） ______________________________ 【答案】Is coffee your favourite drink? 【解析】本句主系表，把 be 动词 is 提到句首；my 变为 your。 五、翻译句子 1. 我想喝一杯水。 I want to drink ________ ________ ________ water. 【答案】a glass of 【解析】a glass of 一杯…… 2. 桌上有三碗汤。 There are ________ ________ ________ soup on the table. 【答案】three bowls of 【解析】bowl 可数，three 后复数 bowls；soup 不可数。 3. 太多糖对我们的牙齿不好。 Too much sugar ________ ________ ________ our teeth. 【答案】is bad for 【解析】sugar 不可数，谓语用单数；be bad for 对…… 有害。 4. 我们班有二十个男生和十八个女生。 There are ________ boys and ________ girls in our class. 【答案】twenty; eighteen 【解析】考查单词拼写。二十twenty, 十八eighteen 5. 我早餐吃一个煎饼，喝一些牛奶。 I have ________ ________ and ________ ________ for breakfast. 【答案】a pancake; some milk 【解析】pancake 可数单数；milk 不可数，some milk 一些牛奶。 6. 他每天晚上睡九个小时。 He gets ________ ________ of sleep every night. 【答案】nine hours 【解析】nine hours of sleep 九个小时睡眠。 7. 对我来说，对蛋糕说“不”很难。 It is hard for me to ________ ________ ________ cakes. 【答案】say no to 【解析】say no to 对…… 说不；to 后接动词原形。 8. 请给我两片奶酪。 Please give me ________ ________ ________ cheese. 【答案】two pieces of 【解析】piece 可数，two 后复数 pieces；cheese 奶酪不可数。 9. 我们应该多吃水果和蔬菜。 We should eat ________ fruit and ________. 【答案】more; vegetables 【解析】more 更多；vegetable 常用复数 vegetables。 10. 熬夜对你的健康不好。 ________ ________ late is bad for your health. 【答案】Staying up 【解析】动名词作主语；stay up late 熬夜。 一、语法填空 根据括号内英文单词提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Baduanjin, a form of Qigong, has a history of over 800 years. Originating from the Song dynasty(960—1279), Baduanjin is one of the oldest health and fitness_____1______( exercise) in China. Compared(对比) to sports like ball games or swimming, Baduanjin is slow and usually played with soft music, so it's often seen as a good way for the old people ____2_____( rest), but young people are now also ____3_____( get) interested in it. Over 1,000 videos about Baduanjin can be found on the Internet, and one of the teaching videos is played for ____4_____( much) than 10 million times. But ____5_____does Baduanjin become so popular? In fact, it's a perfect sport for office _____6____( work) and students, as they often sit at the desk. It helps kill ____7_____( they) neck and back pain(疼痛) after long working hours and it doesn't need much effort, time, _____8_____space. “I do Baduanjin_____9_____ about half an hour every day,” a young man said. “It gives me a healthy lifestyle and _____10____( help) me sleep better and get stronger.” Chinese traditional fitness is more and more popular among young people around the world. 【答案】 1. exercises 2. to rest 3. getting 4. more 5. why6. workers 7. their 8. or 9. for 10. helps 1. 【答案】exercises 【解析】one of +the + 形容词 +可数名词复数，表示 “…… 之一”；exercise 表示 “一套健身操、锻炼项目” 是可数名词。one of the oldest health and fitness exercises 中国最古老健身项目之一。 2. 【答案】to rest 【解析】固定结构 It is a good way for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说是做某事的好方式，不定式作真正主语。 3. 【答案】getting 【解析】现在进行时 be + doing；are getting interested in… 正变得对…… 感兴趣。 4. 【答案】more 【解析】固定搭配 more than 超过，多于。more than 10 million times 超过一千万次播放。 5. 【答案】why 【解析】句意：但是为什么八段锦变得如此受欢迎？后文解释原因，填疑问词 why。 6. 【答案】workers 【解析】office workers 办公室职员；用复数表一类人。 7. 【答案】their 【解析】形容词性物主代词修饰名词 neck and back pain；their neck and back pain 他们颈背疼痛。 8. 【答案】or 【解析】否定句中并列成分用 or 连接，不需要大量精力、时间和空间。 9. 【答案】for 【解析】for + 一段时间，表示动作持续多久；for about half an hour 持续大约半小时。 10. 【答案】helps 【解析】and 并列谓语，主语 it 是三单，与 gives 并列，动词用 helps。句意：它带给我健康的生活方式，帮助我睡得更好、身体更强壮。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $