专题03 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，福建专用）九年级英语上学期

专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——家乡和社会变迁 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·新疆和田·阶段检测）阅读下列文章, 从每小题所给的 A、 B、 C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项 My name’s Tom. It’s been a long time since you left your hometown. Great changes have taken place here. Villagers have moved into big, comfortable houses. They have telephones, colour TVs, washing machines, cars, and some even have computers. The government has built many new roads and schools. The roads are wider and better. Schools are more beautiful and classrooms are cleaner and brighter now. Do you remember the big old tree across from our house? You used to tell me stories under it. It is still there and has witnessed the changes of our hometown. I believe our lives will be much better in the future. 1．Who has built many new roads and schools in Tom’s hometown? A．The villagers. B．Tom’s uncle. C．The government. D．The teachers. 2．How are the classrooms in Tom’s school now? A．Smaller but warmer. B．Cleaner and brighter. C．Older and darker. D．Bigger but noisier. 3．Where is the big old tree? A．Behind the school. B．Next to the river. C．Across from their house. D．In front of the government building. 4．What’s Tom’s prediction about the future? A．Life will be much better. B．The village will become a city. C．More people will leave their hometowns. D．The old tree will be cut down. 5．What’s this text mainly about? A．The story of Tom’s uncle. B．The great changes in Tom’s hometown. C．The history of the big old tree. D．The beautiful schools in the countryside. Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·河北沧州·期中）Ten years ago, my hometown was a small village. There was only one narrow road in the village, and most people walked or rode bikes to go out. There were no tall buildings—all houses were small and made of wood. The river near the village was clean, and we often swam in it in summer. But there were few shops, so we had to go to the town 5 kilometers away to buy daily things. Now, great changes have happened. A wide road has been built, and many families have cars. Tall buildings, like apartment blocks and supermarkets, have appeared. There are also two primary schools and a hospital. The river is still clean, but we can’t swim in it anymore because the village made rules to protect the water. People’s life is much better now—most families have fridges, TVs and computers. But I sometimes miss the old days when we played together by the river and the air was even fresher. 1．What was the road like in the village ten years ago? A．Wide. B．Narrow. C．Long. D．Short. 2．How did most people go out in the village ten years ago? A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot or by bike. D．By train. 3．What can we find in the village now? A．No supermarkets. B．Two primary schools. C．No tall buildings. D．No hospitals. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·陕西咸阳·期中）Do you still remember me, Liangliang, an 11-year-old boy from a small village? My friends and I used to go on a ropeway to cross a big river to school. Thanks to our government and the nice people, the villagers’ dream has come true. There is a big and wide bridge over the river. And besides, the villagers have lived in the new buildings and worked in companies in our village. As for me, with the love and encouragement from kind people, I had no fear on the way to my dream. Last year, I graduated from a university. To follow the call of rural revitalization (乡村振兴), I chose to build my hometown as an engineer with some of my friends. In fact, with Chinese Dream, great changes have taken place everywhere in China in the last few years. China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation and so on. Now our government is carrying out a lot of projects such as urban-rural integration (城乡融合), ecological tourism (生态旅游) to increase people’s income and improve the quality of their life. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. “Where there are dreams, actions and union, there is a way.” I believe Chinese will continue getting together and working hard to get more achievements in the near future. 1．________ helped the villagers build the bridge. A．Liangliang B．The teachers C．Liangliang’s friends D．Our government and the nice people 2．How does Liangliang show China’s achievements? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing facts. D．By showing pictures. 3．What do we know from the passage? A．Liangliang has to go on a ropeway to work. B．Only small villages have changed a lot in China. C．More and more people choose to go back and build their hometowns. D．Our government will make a project called urban-rural integration. Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·阶段检测）Nine years ago, I moved to a city in East Yorkshire with my family, because I got a new job there. Since then, I have been busy with my job. I didn’t go back to my hometown until last month. When I got off the bus, I could hardly find the way to my house. With the help of a policeman, I finally found my house where I had lived for about twenty years. My house with a small garden was in the middle of the fields. There are many houses around it now. The small garden is now a bar. Many people talk with friends and drink wine there. All of my neighbors and friends in my childhood had moved to other places. I didn’t meet anyone I knew. It made me lonely. The town center is completely different, too. The old market has disappeared. Now there is a big shopping center there. Even the old white building where I went to learn how to play chess has been replaced (取代) with a meeting center. The butcher’s shop where we got fresh meat in the mornings is now a bookshop. The quiet streets I used to walk on are now filled with cars and people. Some old trees have been cut down to build wider roads and new stores. The small park where I used to fly kites with my father has become a parking lot. My hometown has changed so much that it makes me surprised. Although I didn’t know anyone well, it is still a fascinating place because I love my hometown deeply. 1．What were around the writer’s house before he moved away? A．Mountains. B．Houses. C．Rivers. D．Fields. 2．What does the underlined word “disappeared” in the second paragraph mean? A．Gone away. B．Got bigger. C．Moved up. D．Changed color. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer still lives in his hometown now. B．The writer’s house is now a meeting center. C．The writer saw many of his childhood friends last month. D．The writer feels surprised at the changes in his hometown. 4．What does this article mainly talk about? A．The changes in the writer’s hometown over the years. B．The people the writer met during his visit. C．The writer’s busy work life in a new city. D．The way to find the writer’s house. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 5 （26-27九年级上·河南周口·阶段检测）Long long ago, there was a boy named Cody living in a busy city. The streets were often filled with rubbish, and people paid little attention to environmental protection. One day, when Cody was walking home after school, he noticed a special waste bin standing by the street, with some words on it, “Throw your litter here and something magic will happen.” Curious about the words, Cody looked around carefully and picked up an empty plastic bottle lying among the rubbish on the ground. Then he put the bottle into the special waste bin. Suddenly, the waste bin shook heavily and turned into a tall glowing figure (发光的人物形象)! “I’m the Recycling Genie. I’ll allow you to make one wish, but it must be about the environment,” said the figure. Cody thought of the big factory near his home. He had seen the factory producing dirty smoke and pouring wastewater into the nearby river. Fish died and the river gave out a terrible smell. He once went to meet its owner, Mr. Jafar. “Your factory is polluting the environment and making it very terrible,” said Cody. “Please stop damaging nature.” But Mr. Jafar refused. “Why should I? I make money in this way.” Cody turned back to the Genie. “I hope the factory’s pollution can disappear completely and Mr. Jafar can understand the importance of protecting the environment.” ◆The Story Of Cody’s Wish◆ ●What Cody saw before making the wish ●Who Cody tried to stop from polluting ● # ●What changed after Cody made a wish The Genie agreed. Thick black smoke disappeared at once and the river looked clean and clear again. Seeing the great change, Mr. Jafar deeply regretted what he had done. Later, his factory began to use clean energy. He also taught workers and local people to care for the environment in daily life. 1．Why did Cody put the plastic bottle into the special waste bin? A．He wanted to get some money from it. B．He was curious about the words on the bin. C．He planned to hide rubbish inside the bin. D．He hoped to find his lost bottle there. 2．What can we know about the big factory near Cody’s home at first? A．It used clean energy to run well. B．It made lots of fish in the river grow fast. C．It produced dirty smoke and polluted water. D．It taught local people to protect nature. 3．What does the underlined word “damaging” mean? A．Giving help to. B．Showing pity to. C．Keeping safe from. D．Doing harm to. 4．Which of the following can be put in # ? A．What Cody wished for. B．Why Mr. Jafar made money. C．Where the factory was built. D．Who the Recycling Genie was. 5．Which words can best describe Cody? A．Patient and funny. B．Honest and quiet. C．Strict but careless. D．Brave and responsible. Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）When 16-year-old Kai returned to his hometown after three years, the first thing he noticed was the river. Once the heart of the village—where kids swam, women washed clothes, and old men fished—the water now ran thick and brown, with plastic bags bobbing like sad balloons. “The new factory upstream dumps waste every night,” his grandma sighed, pointing to a rusty pipe sticking out of the riverbank. Kai remembered how the river used to sparkle (闪光). He’d spent summers catching minnows and watching dragonflies land on lily pads. Now, even the willow trees along the bank looked sick, their leaves yellow and wilted. “We can’t just watch it die,” he told his classmates when he visited his old school. They formed a group called “Clear Stream.” First of all, they mapped the pollution sources: the factory pipe, a drainage ditch from the market, and villagers tossing trash. Then, they took action. On weekends, they picked up garbage, their gloves turning black from the muck. They made posters with before-and-after photos of the river and hung them in the village square. “A dead river means dead crops and sick families,” the posters read. The factory owner ignored their letters at first. But when Kai and his friends stood outside the factory gates every morning, holding their posters and handing out leaflets to workers, he finally agreed to meet. “Installing a water filter will cost too much,” he grumbled. Kai showed him a study: polluted water was making villagers ill, and medical bills were rising. “Health is more expensive than a filter,” he said quietly. Months later, the filter was installed. The group kept cleaning, and villagers joined in—even the market traders started using biodegradable bags. One spring morning, Kai knelt by the river and saw a minnow dart past his hand. “It’s breathing again,” he whispered. That night, the village held a celebration by the water, and kids splashed in the shallows, just like old times. 1．Why did the river become polluted? A．Heavy rains caused mudslides. B．A factory dumped waste into it. C．Villagers overfished in the river. D．The willow trees died and rotted. 2．What did “Clear Stream” do first to help the river? A．They held a celebration by the river. B．They installed a water filter for the factory. C．They asked villagers to stop using plastic bags. D．They discovered where the pollution was coming from. 3．What did Kai mean by saying “health is more expensive than a filter”? A．A filter didn’t cost much. B．The owner didn’t want to build a filter. C．Health was more important than money. D．Villagers spent much money on medicine. 4．What can we infer from the story? A．Community effort is key to saving nature. B．Factories should be closed to protect rivers. C．Rivers can clean themselves without human help. D．Young people can solve environmental problems alone. Passage 7 （25-26九年级下·湖北宜昌·期中）Li Ming, a 14-year-old student, used to see plastic bottles thrown away in parks and streets. He felt sad but didn’t know what to do. One day, his art teacher showed the class some pictures of art works made from recycled materials. Li Ming was greatly inspired. He decided to take action. He started by collecting used plastic bottles from his neighbors and friends. At first, some people didn’t understand him and thought he was wasting time. However, Li Ming didn’t give up. He cleaned the bottles and cut them into different shapes. Then, he painted them with bright colors and turned them into beautiful flower pots, pencil holders and even small toys. He gave his works to his friends as birthday gifts. To his surprise, they loved these special gifts. Soon, more students joined his project. They formed a team called “Green Fingers”. Together, they not only created more useful things but also held a small exhibition (展览) in their school to teach others about recycling. Now, Li Ming’s story has encouraged many teenagers in his city. He learned that a small idea can make a big difference. “Protecting the environment is not just a slogan (口号). Everyone can be a changer starting from small actions,” Li Ming said with a smile. 1．What did Li Ming collect from his neighbors and friends at first? A．Used plastic bottles. B．Art works. C．Birthday gifts. D．Recycled paper. 2．What did Li Ming turn the plastic bottles into? A．Only flower pots. B．Flower pots, pencil holders and small toys. C．Pencil holders and books. D．Small toys and paintings. 3．Why did Li Ming and his friends form the team “Green Fingers”? A．To hold art exhibitions in museums. B．To learn from their art teacher. C．To create useful things and teach others about recycling. D．To collect more plastic bottles from streets. 4．Look at the mind map. Which of the following can be put in ▲? Li Ming’s experience A．collecting used plastic bottles; surprised B．making small toys; bored C．giving gifts to friends; nervous D．teaching recycling; sad 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A 14-year-old’s Green Dream B．Li Ming’s Favorite Hobby C．How to Make Handicrafts D．The Team “Green Fingers” Passage 8 （24-25九年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）April 22nd is World Earth Day—a day to remind people to protect the earth. So on that day, our family held an activity “ bottle of trash challenge” . That means the trash needs to be put in a 600ml bottle. We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves, eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided. It was not easy for mom to deal with all the trash, but she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math or physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized we were challenging ourselves. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I told myself that I must produce less waste. I hardly ever had snacks or drinks. It was too difficult, but I did it! I've learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 1．What activity did the writer’s family hold on April 22nd? A．A challenge. B．A trip. C．A picnic. D．A party. 2．Who made the least trash in the family? A．The writer. B．The writer’s father. C．The writer’s mother. D．The writer’s sister. 3．The underlined word “leftovers” in the third paragraph means ________. A．Food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B．Food that hasn’t been eaten up at the end of a meal C．Waste that is produced in the kitchen D．Dishes that are cooked by mother 4．What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A．Watching TV. B．Playing computer games. C．Preparing for her exams. D．Playing the piano. 5．The writer wrote the passage in order to encourage us ________. A．to have less snacks and drinks B．to use both sides of the paper C．to eat up all the food of the dinner D．to protect the earth by starting with small actions 主题03 人与自我——实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 9 （25-26九年级下·福建泉州·阶段检测）When a person loses his or her wallet, it can be a terrible experience. However, a man named Tom showed a creative way to return a lost wallet, making sure the rightful owner could get it back. Tom found a wallet on a Saturday morning near a supermarket. He opened it and saw an ID card and a bank card. He wanted to give it to the police at once, but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting. He worried that if he just left it in a lost and found box, someone might take it away. He decided to find a clever way — it was to make the owner get in touch with him directly without letting the cat out of the bag. So the owner’s personal information would be safe. He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles he loved. He created a code from the owner’s birth date on the ID．He wrote, “Your birthday is the key!” He posted the note on the noticeboard of the supermarket. Later that day, someone called, and finally the wallet was reunited with its real owner. Tom’s method of returning the lost wallet offers a valuable example. It shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems. Moreover, it shows the importance of using available information, like the birth date on an ID card. This way not only reunites the owner with his or her lost belongings but also shows the power of creative thinking. 1．What was the problem Tom met when he found the wallet? A．He didn’t know what to do with it. B．There was no ID card in the wallet. C．He couldn’t find a lost and found box. D．He didn’t have time to go to the police station. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? ①The wallet was returned to its real owner. ②Tom found a wallet with an ID card and a bank card. ③Tom wrote a note and posted it on the supermarket noticeboard. ④Tom decided not to send the wallet to the police right away. A．②→④→③→① B．④→②→③→① C．②→③→④→① D．④→③→②→① 3．What made Tom get the idea of creating the code? A．The math puzzles he liked. B．A book he read recently. C．A policeman’s suggestion. D．A TV show he watched. 4． A．50663661. B．50663671. C．40663671. D．40663661. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Everyone should remember their own birthday. B．We must call the police when we find a wallet. C．Creative thinking helps to solve problems well. D．It’s important to keep personal information safe. Passage 10 （25-26九年级上·广东深圳·期中） A long time ago in ancient China, people didn’t have a good way to stay dry when it rained. On rainy days, they had to run and hide under trees or wait in pavilions (凉亭). It was hard to travel or do anything outdoors in bad weather. One day, a smart and kind inventor named Luban was walking outside when dark clouds appeared. Soon, heavy rain poured from the sky. Luban quickly ran to a pavilion for cover. As he stood there watching the rain, he noticed something interesting: a little boy running by, holding a big lotus leaf over his head like a roof. The boy was using the lotus leaf to block the rain. It wasn’t perfect, but it worked for a while. Luban smiled and thought, “That’s clever. The leaf acts like a small roof. Maybe I can make something better so that people can carry it with them.” After going home, Luban began working on an idea. He made a light frame (骨架) out of sticks and covered it with oilcloth to stop the rain. It looked like a small, round roof on a stick—the first umbrella. When Luban’s wife, Yun, saw it, she liked it but said, “It’s smart, but it would be even better if it could open and close.” Luban agreed. So together, they improved the design by adding a folding (折叠) frame. Now the umbrella could be easily carried and used anytime. Thanks to the boy with the lotus leaf, Luban got inspired. And with Yun’s help, the umbrella was born—a clever tool that helps people stay dry and happy, even on the rainiest days. 1．What problem did people in ancient China face on rainy days? A．They couldn’t stay dry outside. B．They liked to dance in the rain. C．They used umbrellas made of glass. D．They only went swimming when it rained. 2．What gave Luban an idea for the umbrella? A．A bird flying with dry wings. B．A boy using a lotus leaf to block the rain. C．A man carrying a wooden door. D．A leaf floating in a pond. 3．What was Luban’s first umbrella made of? A．Sticks and oilcloth. B．Iron and silk. C．Bamboo and paper. D．Plastic and rubber. 4．What suggestion did Luban’s wife make? A．Paint it red to look nicer. B．Make it big enough to cover a house. C．Add a folding frame so it can open and close. D．Tie it to your head with string. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how rain impacted people’s lives in ancient China. B．To tell a story about Luban and his wife. C．To discuss the uses of lotus leaves in history. D．To explain how the umbrella was invented and improved. Passage 11 （25-26九年级上·安徽宿州·期中）Philipp and Johannes are brothers in Germany. They invent funny things and make interesting videos on the Internet. The brothers became popular because of one of their recent videos. In the video, Philipp flew a bathtub (浴缸) to a local food store and bought a sandwich. At the beginning of the video, Philipp climbed into the special bathtub. He wore a helmet and there was a camera on it to record everything. He used his remote control to let the bathtub rise into the air. After the bathtub took off, it crossed farm land and a small river. At last, it carried Philipp to the food store—Kopps Bakery. Philipp climbed out and went into the store to buy a sandwich. Although the flying bathtub was able to carry Philipp to the food store, it didn’t have enough power (力量) to carry him home again. The brothers spent two months making the flying bathtub. They used drone (无人机) technology on it. “German laws (法律) allow us to do it as long as the bathtub flies below 98 feet (30 m),” the brothers said. Johannes said, “Before the bathtub took off, people didn’t believe it could actually fly. When it flew away, they were so surprised. This is the world’s first flying bathtub. Some people even told us to start a company to sell those bathtub drones.” 1．What did Philipp do in the recent video? A．He made friends with a wild animal. B．He flew a bathtub to buy a sandwich. C．He drove his car in a dangerous way. D．He built a house in the forest. 2．How long did it take the brothers to make the flying bathtub? A．A year. B．Half a year. C．Two months. D．A month. 3．What do we know about the flying bathtub? A．It was invented by a French man. B．It can only hold two persons. C．Drone technology is used on it. D．It has enough power to fly for days. 4．Which of the following best describes Philipp and Johannes? A．Creative. B．Poor. C．Serious. D．Lucky. Passage 12 （25-26九年级上·广东江门·期中）Teenager Hu Dongping, a “New Era Good Teenager” in China, has become a popular figure with his amazing robot inventions. Inspired by social needs he noticed on news programs, he started his creative journey by drawing designs and testing ideas. After months of hard work, his most famous invention—an intelligent elderly-care robot—came out. The robot can help the elderly with daily tasks like getting water and reminding them to take medicine. It also has a video call function, letting the elderly stay in touch with their families easily. What’s more, it is cheaper than many similar products, making it more popular among ordinary families. Hu says his success comes from his love for science and never giving up. He hopes his inventions can make people’s lives better. His story encourages thousands of teenagers to follow their dreams and use technology to solve real-life problems. 1．What inspired Hu Dongping to start his invention? A．His school’s science project. B．Social needs from news programs. C．His grandparents’ daily troubles. D．A robot competition’s requirements. 2．What is the main use of Hu’s intelligent robot? A．Helping students with homework. B．Assisting the elderly in daily life. C．Teaching people science knowledge. D．Guiding tourists in scenic spots. 3．Why is Hu’s robot popular among ordinary families? A．It looks more attractive. B．It has more functions. C．It is cheaper than similar products. D．It is easier to carry. 4．What does Hu Dongping think leads to his success? A．Good luck and family support. B．Love for science and perseverance. C．Teachers’ guidance and hard training. D．Rich experience and clever ideas. 5．What message does Hu’s story send to teenagers? A．Follow dreams and use technology to solve problems. B．Focus on studies and give up hobbies temporarily. C．Travel more to get new inspiration. D．Learn from famous inventors’ books. 主题01 人与社会——家乡和社会的变迁 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·河南郑州·阶段检测）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though they worked so hard, the production of fruit was still low because the area was short of water. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about our difficulties,and later, a canal (灌溉渠) began to be built in my village.“Who are they?” I asked.“They are good men from our government,” Grandma replied. Then, I moved to a city for my middle school. During one summer holiday, I came back to my hometown with my parents. When we arrived there, we were astonished because everything had changed. We saw the canal running through every orchard. And my grandma told us that after the canal was completed, villagers didn't have to go up and down the hill to carry water anymore. And more and more people started planting fruit and the production increased a lot. Thanks to the government’s canal project, our village has developed much better. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How did people in the village make money when the writer was young? A．By building canals. B．By feeding animals. C．By planting fruit trees. D．By planting vegetables. 2．What difficulty did the villagers face? A．They didn’t have money to buy water. B．They didn’t have machines to plant fruit. C．They couldn’t go to work in the big city. D．There wasn’t enough water in the orchard. 3．What does the underlined word “astonished” mean? A．Happy. B．Afraid. C．Worried. D．Surprised. 4．In what order did the following things take place? ①A canal began to be built in the village to solve the water problem. ②The countryside changed a lot because of the canal project. ③The writer moved to a city for his middle school. ④The villagers had to go up and down the hill to carry water. A．④③①② B．④①③② C．③②①④ D．③①②④ 5．What message does the writer really want to express? A．His village needs more help. B．His hometown has changed a lot. C．Many people come to big cities now. D．There are many good men in the village. Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·湖北咸宁·阶段检测）Sunshine Village was once a poor village in Northern China, but now it has changed into a rich and livable place. In the past, people in Sunshine Village had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong wish for a better life. “In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work. Why can’t we? Nobody was born to be poor.” The villagers decided to make a difference. They carried water and soil (土壤) to their village from faraway places to improve their land. They opened lots of land for growing crops and set up some factories. Their lives were greatly improved. However, the village faced a new problem twenty years later. Pollution was a problem then. The leaders of the village decided to take action to improve the situation. Some polluting factories were shut down. Villagers started to grow grapes and melons. They soon became the main industry in Sunshine Village. The village started a yearly tourism (观光) festival in 2016. Many travelers came to pick grapes and melons. “The grapes and melons could be sold at a better price. As Sunshine Village becomes famous through this festival, we can then live even better lives,” the villagers said with a smile. 1．What does the word “will” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Body. B．Influence. C．Feeling. D．Mental power. 2．What are people in Sunshine Village like? A．Stupid. B．Friendly. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 3．What problems did the villagers solve? ① Poor education.   ② Food shortage.   ③ Pollution problems.   ④ Moving mountains. A．①④ B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·期中）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of the countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they had too much work B．it was not convenient to go up the hill C．they could only grow fruit trees D．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard 2．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________. A．the villagers’ suggestions B．the government’s support C．a school’s practical activity D．a company’s engineering plan 3．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city B．the village is a place of interest for tourists now C．there will be more fruit production in the village D．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays 4．The underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” is closest in meaning to ________. A．prepared much for B．donated money to C．drawn public attention to D．put much effort into 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．How is a village improved? B．Who are the good men? C．Why do people come back? D．What does a hometown mean? 主题02 人与自我——实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·陕西渭南·阶段检测） The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the State of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the State of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and this caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some rabbits on the horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long mark on the ground. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth (光滑的) to write well and it wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed (失望的) that he threw his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never surrendered and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush pen worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. 1．Meng Tian wanted to improve the pen because_________. A．the king asked him to do it B．his old pen broke easily C．he didn’t have silk to write on D．his old pen was too hard to use 2．The underlined word “surrendered” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”. A．called back B．gave up C．set off D．cheered up 3．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. The brush pen could write well. b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng threw his “invention” into a stone hole. A．b-a-d-c B．d-b-a-c C．b-d-c-a D．c-d-b-a 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The invention of the brush pen. B．The ways to use the brush pen. C．The difficulties of writing in ancient times. D．The hunting stories of General Meng Tian. Passage 5 （25-26九年级上·河南南阳·阶段检测）Evans Wadongo was from a village in Africa. He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp (煤油灯). Evans’ eyes hurt and this made studying difficult. It was common in his village. Many children left school for this reason, so they remained poor for the rest of their lives. Although studying was difficult, Evans was an excellent student and went to a university. He continued to worry about the kerosene lamp. By this time, he realized it was not just bad for schoolchildren but for the whole family. First, it can cause illnesses such as coughs. Also, the light can hurt people’s eyes. Besides, it can lead to fires. Lastly, kerosene is expensive, so families have less money for food. It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment. Yet Evans did not give up. One day, he had an idea. He could use a small solar (太阳能的) light. Sunlight is free and solar power is good for the environment. Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked. He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families. An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps. Each lamp only cost $20. However, this was a lot of money to many villagers who only earned around $34 a week, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. First, Evans used recycled materials. Next, volunteers built the lamps. Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free. Thousands of people had safe light. Julia, a mother of three, said, “Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook.” The solar lamps made a big difference. 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Leaving school. B．Doing homework. C．Having eye problems. D．Having a bright idea. 2．How many problems about kerosene lamps are mentioned according to Paragraph2? A．6. B．5. C．4. D．3. 3．Put the following information into the correct order according to the passage. a. Evans went to a university.        b. Thousands of people had safe light. c. His first solar lamp was invented.    d. Kerosene lamps hurt Evans’ eyes. e. Recycled materials were used in the lamps.    f. People from many countries gave away money. A．d-a-c-e-f-b B．d-f-b-c-a-e C．a-d-f-e-c-b D．a-e-c-d-f-b 4．Why does the writer give Julia’s example in Paragraph 5? A．To share Julia’s experience. B．To show Evans’ influence. C．To describe Evans’ feelings. D．To introduce Evans’ invention. 5．What is Evans like according to the passage? A．Polite, talented and humorous. B．Quiet, smart and honest. C．Humorous, clever and friendly. D．Hard-working, loving and creative. Passage 6 （25-26九年级下·福建福州·阶段检测）When a person loses his or her wallet, it can be a terrible experience. However, a man named Tom showed a creative way to return a lost wallet, making sure the rightful owner could get it back. Tom found a wallet on a Saturday morning near a supermarket. He opened it and saw an ID card and a bank card. He wanted to give it to the police at once, but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting. He worried that if he just left it in a lost and found box, someone might take it away. He decided to find a clever way—it was to make the owner get in touch with him directly without letting the cat out of the bag. So the owner’s personal information would be safe. He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles (谜题) he loved. He created a code (代码) from the owner’s birth date on the ID．He wrote, “Your birthday is the key!” He posted the note on the noticeboard of the supermarket. Black Wallet Found Your birthday is the key! You can call me by solving this: 3 0 5 3 2 4 6 8 On Monday, I will send it to the police station. *Y=year  M=month  D=day Later that day, someone called, and finally the wallet was reunited (重聚) with its real owner. Tom’s method of returning the lost wallet offers a valuable example. It shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems. Moreover, it shows the importance of using available information, like the birth date on an ID card. This way not only reunites the owner with his or her lost belongings but also shows the power of creative thinking. 1．What was the problem Tom met when he found the wallet? A．He didn’t know what to do with it. B．There was no ID card in the wallet. C．He couldn’t find a lost and found box. D．He didn’t have time to go to the police station. 2．What does the phrase “letting the cat out of the bag” mean in paragraph 2? A．Hiding the real purpose. B．Showing the private information. C．Keeping the key information. D．Sharing the happy story. 3．What made Tom get the idea of creating the code? A．The math puzzles he liked. B．A book he read recently. C．A policeman’s suggestion. D．A TV show he watched. 4． I was born on December 3rd, 2013. Can you help me call Tom to get my wallet back? Please choose the right phone number! A．50663671. B．50663661. C．40663671. D．40663661. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Creative thinking helps solve problems well. B．We must call the police when we find a wallet. C．Everyone should remember their own birthday. D．It’s important to keep personal information safe. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·福建福州·期中） Last spring, our neighborhood’s empty lot (空地) was an eyesore. Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner. Lily, a ninth-grader, decided to change this. She talked to the community leader and put up posters asking for helpers. Over 50 people joined the project. We divided into groups: some cleaned the garbage, others brought young plants. Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots. “We’re giving waste a new life,” Lily explained. An old gardener taught us to make compost (堆肥) from food waste— it’s natural fertilizer (肥料) that helps plants grow. Every weekend, we worked together. At first, some neighbors worried it would be a waste of time. But as the lot turned green with vegetables and flowers, their doubts disappeared. Now, children play there after school, and people there share the harvest. “This project didn’t just clean the lot,” said Lily. “It made our community closer.” More neighborhoods have started similar projects. It shows that small actions can make a big difference for the environment and people’s lives. 1．What does the underlined word “eyesore” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A place that looks ugly. B．A job that is tiring. C．A plan that is smart. D．A person who is helpful. 2．What did the students do in the project? A．They sold the harvest to raise money. B．They wrote posters to ask for plants. C．They taught the elderly to plant flowers. D．They made flower pots from plastic bottles. 3．Which one is true according to the passage? A．No neighborhoods started the same project. B．The empty lot is now used as a school garden. C．The neighbors felt unhappy with Lily’s plan at first. D．The project helped improve community relationships. 4．What can we learn from the last sentence? A．Small actions are not helpful. B．Every small thing we do can help a lot. C．Only big actions can change the world. D．We need a lot of money to make a difference. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．From Dirty Lot to Green Space B．Clever Student Leader C．How to Make Natural Fertilizer D．Ways to Reuse Plastic Bottles Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·福建福州·期中）Andrew Holleman, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for the birds, other animals and many different plants. It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. Suddenly it was announced (宣布) that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted. Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew’s teachers described him as kind, shy and active. His classmates also admired (钦佩) how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures (签名) of 250 people. In the end, the land remained (保留) a safe place for birds, other animals and plants that belonged there. Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and help save the environment. 1．The passage is mainly about ________. A．the research of improving the environment B．the open land that suited animals and plants C．a brave boy who cared for the environment D．250 people who signed to help Andrew 2．Andrew was very worried because ________. A．not all the neighbors were going to sign B．new houses would be built on the open land C．all the animals would be killed D．the local government made a right decision 3．The underlined word “oppose” in paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．agree B．dislike C．disagree D．support 4．According to the passage, Andrew ________. A．was praised by his teachers and classmates B．always wanted to act like a person much older C．didn’t get in touch with the reporters D．was good at going door-to-door 5．We can know that ________. A．the open land would be built into a park B．the neighbors would have to move away C．Andrew would soon work for the government D．the land would remain as it used to be Passage 9 （25-26九年级上·福建三明·期中）April 22nd is World Earth Day—a day to remind people to protect the earth. So on that day, our family held an activity “bottle of trash challenge”. That means the trash needs to be put in a 600 ml bottle. We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves, eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided. It was not easy for mom to deal with all the trash, but she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math or physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized we were challenging ourselves. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I told myself that I must produce less waste. I hardly ever had snacks or drinks. It was too difficult, but I did it! I’ve learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 1．What activity did the writer’s family hold on April 22nd? A．A challenge. B．A trip. C．A picnic. D．A party. 2．Who made the least trash in the family? A．The writer. B．The writer’s sister. C．The writer’s father. D．The writer’s mother. 3．The underlined word “leftovers” in the third paragraph means “________”. A．food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B．food that hasn’t been eaten up at the end of a meal C．waste that is produced in the kitchen D．dishes that are cooked by mother 4．What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A．Watching TV. B．Playing computer games. C．Preparing for her exams. D．Playing the piano. 5．The writer wrote the passage in order to encourage us ________. A．to have less snacks and drinks B．to use both sides of the paper C．to eat up all the food of the dinner D．to protect the earth by starting with small actions / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——家乡和社会变迁 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·新疆和田·阶段检测）阅读下列文章, 从每小题所给的 A、 B、 C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项 My name’s Tom. It’s been a long time since you left your hometown. Great changes have taken place here. Villagers have moved into big, comfortable houses. They have telephones, colour TVs, washing machines, cars, and some even have computers. The government has built many new roads and schools. The roads are wider and better. Schools are more beautiful and classrooms are cleaner and brighter now. Do you remember the big old tree across from our house? You used to tell me stories under it. It is still there and has witnessed the changes of our hometown. I believe our lives will be much better in the future. 1．Who has built many new roads and schools in Tom’s hometown? A．The villagers. B．Tom’s uncle. C．The government. D．The teachers. 2．How are the classrooms in Tom’s school now? A．Smaller but warmer. B．Cleaner and brighter. C．Older and darker. D．Bigger but noisier. 3．Where is the big old tree? A．Behind the school. B．Next to the river. C．Across from their house. D．In front of the government building. 4．What’s Tom’s prediction about the future? A．Life will be much better. B．The village will become a city. C．More people will leave their hometowns. D．The old tree will be cut down. 5．What’s this text mainly about? A．The story of Tom’s uncle. B．The great changes in Tom’s hometown. C．The history of the big old tree. D．The beautiful schools in the countryside. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文作者Tom介绍了家乡发生的巨大变化及对未来的展望。 【详解】 1．根据文章中的“The government has built many new roads and schools.”可知，修建新路和学校的是政府。 2．根据文章中的“Schools are more beautiful and classrooms are cleaner and brighter now.”可知，现在的教室更干净明亮。 3．根据文章中的“Do you remember the big old tree across from our house?”可知，老树位于房子对面。 4．根据文章中的“I believe our lives will be much better in the future.”可知，Tom相信未来生活会更好。 5．根据文章中的“Great changes have taken place here.”可知，全文围绕家乡的巨大变化展开。 Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·河北沧州·期中）Ten years ago, my hometown was a small village. There was only one narrow road in the village, and most people walked or rode bikes to go out. There were no tall buildings—all houses were small and made of wood. The river near the village was clean, and we often swam in it in summer. But there were few shops, so we had to go to the town 5 kilometers away to buy daily things. Now, great changes have happened. A wide road has been built, and many families have cars. Tall buildings, like apartment blocks and supermarkets, have appeared. There are also two primary schools and a hospital. The river is still clean, but we can’t swim in it anymore because the village made rules to protect the water. People’s life is much better now—most families have fridges, TVs and computers. But I sometimes miss the old days when we played together by the river and the air was even fresher. 1．What was the road like in the village ten years ago? A．Wide. B．Narrow. C．Long. D．Short. 2．How did most people go out in the village ten years ago? A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot or by bike. D．By train. 3．What can we find in the village now? A．No supermarkets. B．Two primary schools. C．No tall buildings. D．No hospitals. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者家乡十年前后的变化，对比了道路、建筑、设施及生活方式的不同，并表达了作者对过去时光的怀念。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段“There was only one narrow road in the village...”可知，十年前村里的道路是狭窄的，对应选项Narrow。 2．根据文章第一段“...and most people walked or rode bikes to go out.”可知，十年前大多数人步行或骑自行车出行，对应选项On foot or by bike。 3．根据文章第二段“There are also two primary schools and a hospital.”可知，现在村里有两所小学，对应选项Two primary schools。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·陕西咸阳·期中）Do you still remember me, Liangliang, an 11-year-old boy from a small village? My friends and I used to go on a ropeway to cross a big river to school. Thanks to our government and the nice people, the villagers’ dream has come true. There is a big and wide bridge over the river. And besides, the villagers have lived in the new buildings and worked in companies in our village. As for me, with the love and encouragement from kind people, I had no fear on the way to my dream. Last year, I graduated from a university. To follow the call of rural revitalization (乡村振兴), I chose to build my hometown as an engineer with some of my friends. In fact, with Chinese Dream, great changes have taken place everywhere in China in the last few years. China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation and so on. Now our government is carrying out a lot of projects such as urban-rural integration (城乡融合), ecological tourism (生态旅游) to increase people’s income and improve the quality of their life. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. “Where there are dreams, actions and union, there is a way.” I believe Chinese will continue getting together and working hard to get more achievements in the near future. 1．________ helped the villagers build the bridge. A．Liangliang B．The teachers C．Liangliang’s friends D．Our government and the nice people 2．How does Liangliang show China’s achievements? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing facts. D．By showing pictures. 3．What do we know from the passage? A．Liangliang has to go on a ropeway to work. B．Only small villages have changed a lot in China. C．More and more people choose to go back and build their hometowns. D．Our government will make a project called urban-rural integration. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以亮亮的视角，讲述了他的家乡因政府与社会的帮助而发生的巨变，并以此为例，展现了中国在乡村振兴、科技发展等方面的成就，表达了人们对国家未来发展的坚定信心。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“Thanks to our government and the nice people, the villagers’ dream has come true. There is a big and wide bridge over the river.”可知，是我们的政府和善良的人们帮助村民建造了桥，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation and so on.”可知，亮亮通过举例展示中国的成就，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things.”可知，越来越多的人选择回到家乡建设家乡，故选C。 Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·阶段检测）Nine years ago, I moved to a city in East Yorkshire with my family, because I got a new job there. Since then, I have been busy with my job. I didn’t go back to my hometown until last month. When I got off the bus, I could hardly find the way to my house. With the help of a policeman, I finally found my house where I had lived for about twenty years. My house with a small garden was in the middle of the fields. There are many houses around it now. The small garden is now a bar. Many people talk with friends and drink wine there. All of my neighbors and friends in my childhood had moved to other places. I didn’t meet anyone I knew. It made me lonely. The town center is completely different, too. The old market has disappeared. Now there is a big shopping center there. Even the old white building where I went to learn how to play chess has been replaced (取代) with a meeting center. The butcher’s shop where we got fresh meat in the mornings is now a bookshop. The quiet streets I used to walk on are now filled with cars and people. Some old trees have been cut down to build wider roads and new stores. The small park where I used to fly kites with my father has become a parking lot. My hometown has changed so much that it makes me surprised. Although I didn’t know anyone well, it is still a fascinating place because I love my hometown deeply. 1．What were around the writer’s house before he moved away? A．Mountains. B．Houses. C．Rivers. D．Fields. 2．What does the underlined word “disappeared” in the second paragraph mean? A．Gone away. B．Got bigger. C．Moved up. D．Changed color. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer still lives in his hometown now. B．The writer’s house is now a meeting center. C．The writer saw many of his childhood friends last month. D．The writer feels surprised at the changes in his hometown. 4．What does this article mainly talk about? A．The changes in the writer’s hometown over the years. B．The people the writer met during his visit. C．The writer’s busy work life in a new city. D．The way to find the writer’s house. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者九年前搬离家乡，直到上个月才回到家乡，发现家乡发生了巨大的变化，尽管不认识任何人，但作者仍然深爱着家乡。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“My house with a small garden was in the middle of the fields.”可知，作者搬家前，房子周围是田野。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The old market has disappeared. Now there is a big shopping center there.”可知，旧市场已经消失了，现在那里有一个大购物中心。由此推断“disappeared”的意思是“消失，不见”，与“Gone away”意思相近。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“My hometown has changed so much that it makes me surprised.”可知，作者对家乡的变化感到惊讶。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是文章最后一段“My hometown has changed so much that it makes me surprised.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者家乡多年来的变化。故选A。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 5 （26-27九年级上·河南周口·阶段检测）Long long ago, there was a boy named Cody living in a busy city. The streets were often filled with rubbish, and people paid little attention to environmental protection. One day, when Cody was walking home after school, he noticed a special waste bin standing by the street, with some words on it, “Throw your litter here and something magic will happen.” Curious about the words, Cody looked around carefully and picked up an empty plastic bottle lying among the rubbish on the ground. Then he put the bottle into the special waste bin. Suddenly, the waste bin shook heavily and turned into a tall glowing figure (发光的人物形象)! “I’m the Recycling Genie. I’ll allow you to make one wish, but it must be about the environment,” said the figure. Cody thought of the big factory near his home. He had seen the factory producing dirty smoke and pouring wastewater into the nearby river. Fish died and the river gave out a terrible smell. He once went to meet its owner, Mr. Jafar. “Your factory is polluting the environment and making it very terrible,” said Cody. “Please stop damaging nature.” But Mr. Jafar refused. “Why should I? I make money in this way.” Cody turned back to the Genie. “I hope the factory’s pollution can disappear completely and Mr. Jafar can understand the importance of protecting the environment.” ◆The Story Of Cody’s Wish◆ ●What Cody saw before making the wish ●Who Cody tried to stop from polluting ● # ●What changed after Cody made a wish The Genie agreed. Thick black smoke disappeared at once and the river looked clean and clear again. Seeing the great change, Mr. Jafar deeply regretted what he had done. Later, his factory began to use clean energy. He also taught workers and local people to care for the environment in daily life. 1．Why did Cody put the plastic bottle into the special waste bin? A．He wanted to get some money from it. B．He was curious about the words on the bin. C．He planned to hide rubbish inside the bin. D．He hoped to find his lost bottle there. 2．What can we know about the big factory near Cody’s home at first? A．It used clean energy to run well. B．It made lots of fish in the river grow fast. C．It produced dirty smoke and polluted water. D．It taught local people to protect nature. 3．What does the underlined word “damaging” mean? A．Giving help to. B．Showing pity to. C．Keeping safe from. D．Doing harm to. 4．Which of the following can be put in # ? A．What Cody wished for. B．Why Mr. Jafar made money. C．Where the factory was built. D．Who the Recycling Genie was. 5．Which words can best describe Cody? A．Patient and funny. B．Honest and quiet. C．Strict but careless. D．Brave and responsible. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了男孩Cody偶遇回收精灵，许愿消除工厂污染并促使工厂主改变行为，最终改善环境的故事。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“Curious about the words, Cody looked around carefully and picked up an empty plastic bottle lying among the rubbish on the ground. Then he put the bottle into the special waste bin.”可知，Cody是因为对垃圾桶上的文字感到好奇才把塑料瓶放进去的。 2．根据第四段“He had seen the factory producing dirty smoke and pouring wastewater into the nearby river.”可知，一开始Cody家附近的大工厂会排放浓烟和污水。 3．根据第四段“‘Your factory is polluting the environment and making it very terrible,’ said Cody. ‘Please stop damaging nature.’”可知，你们的，这里“damaging”意为“损害”，即Doing harm to。 4．根据表格逻辑及第五段“Cody turned back to the Genie. ‘I hope the factory’s pollution can disappear completely and Mr. Jafar can understand the importance of protecting the environment.’”可知，此处应为Cody许愿的具体内容。 5．根据全文可知，Cody敢于主动找到污染环境的工厂老板提出抗议，还为了改善周边环境向精灵许下环保相关的愿望，体现出他既勇敢又有环保责任感。 Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·江苏南通·期中）When 16-year-old Kai returned to his hometown after three years, the first thing he noticed was the river. Once the heart of the village—where kids swam, women washed clothes, and old men fished—the water now ran thick and brown, with plastic bags bobbing like sad balloons. “The new factory upstream dumps waste every night,” his grandma sighed, pointing to a rusty pipe sticking out of the riverbank. Kai remembered how the river used to sparkle (闪光). He’d spent summers catching minnows and watching dragonflies land on lily pads. Now, even the willow trees along the bank looked sick, their leaves yellow and wilted. “We can’t just watch it die,” he told his classmates when he visited his old school. They formed a group called “Clear Stream.” First of all, they mapped the pollution sources: the factory pipe, a drainage ditch from the market, and villagers tossing trash. Then, they took action. On weekends, they picked up garbage, their gloves turning black from the muck. They made posters with before-and-after photos of the river and hung them in the village square. “A dead river means dead crops and sick families,” the posters read. The factory owner ignored their letters at first. But when Kai and his friends stood outside the factory gates every morning, holding their posters and handing out leaflets to workers, he finally agreed to meet. “Installing a water filter will cost too much,” he grumbled. Kai showed him a study: polluted water was making villagers ill, and medical bills were rising. “Health is more expensive than a filter,” he said quietly. Months later, the filter was installed. The group kept cleaning, and villagers joined in—even the market traders started using biodegradable bags. One spring morning, Kai knelt by the river and saw a minnow dart past his hand. “It’s breathing again,” he whispered. That night, the village held a celebration by the water, and kids splashed in the shallows, just like old times. 1．Why did the river become polluted? A．Heavy rains caused mudslides. B．A factory dumped waste into it. C．Villagers overfished in the river. D．The willow trees died and rotted. 2．What did “Clear Stream” do first to help the river? A．They held a celebration by the river. B．They installed a water filter for the factory. C．They asked villagers to stop using plastic bags. D．They discovered where the pollution was coming from. 3．What did Kai mean by saying “health is more expensive than a filter”? A．A filter didn’t cost much. B．The owner didn’t want to build a filter. C．Health was more important than money. D．Villagers spent much money on medicine. 4．What can we infer from the story? A．Community effort is key to saving nature. B．Factories should be closed to protect rivers. C．Rivers can clean themselves without human help. D．Young people can solve environmental problems alone. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了16岁少年Kai返乡后发现河流被工厂污染，于是与同学成立“清流”小组，通过调查污染源、动员村民以及说服工厂主安装过滤器等社区共同努力，最终成功恢复河流生态的故事。 【详解】 1．根据第一段中“The new factory upstream dumps waste every night”可推知河流污染的直接原因是工厂排放废物，对应选项B中工厂向河中倾倒废物的描述。 2．根据第三段中“First of all, they mapped the pollution sources”可推知小组采取的第一个行动是查明污染来源，与选项D中发现污染来自何处含义一致。 3．根据第四段中“medical bills were rising”以及Kai说服工厂主的语境可推知，Kai想表达医疗费用不断上涨，相比过滤器的开销，健康的代价更大。Kai意在表达健康比金钱更重要，选项C符合其含义。 4．根据全文内容及第五段中“The group kept cleaning, and villagers joined in... factory owner... agreed to meet”可推知河流恢复生机得益于小组、村民和工厂主的共同协作，说明社区努力是拯救自然的关键，对应选项A。 Passage 7 （25-26九年级下·湖北宜昌·期中）Li Ming, a 14-year-old student, used to see plastic bottles thrown away in parks and streets. He felt sad but didn’t know what to do. One day, his art teacher showed the class some pictures of art works made from recycled materials. Li Ming was greatly inspired. He decided to take action. He started by collecting used plastic bottles from his neighbors and friends. At first, some people didn’t understand him and thought he was wasting time. However, Li Ming didn’t give up. He cleaned the bottles and cut them into different shapes. Then, he painted them with bright colors and turned them into beautiful flower pots, pencil holders and even small toys. He gave his works to his friends as birthday gifts. To his surprise, they loved these special gifts. Soon, more students joined his project. They formed a team called “Green Fingers”. Together, they not only created more useful things but also held a small exhibition (展览) in their school to teach others about recycling. Now, Li Ming’s story has encouraged many teenagers in his city. He learned that a small idea can make a big difference. “Protecting the environment is not just a slogan (口号). Everyone can be a changer starting from small actions,” Li Ming said with a smile. 1．What did Li Ming collect from his neighbors and friends at first? A．Used plastic bottles. B．Art works. C．Birthday gifts. D．Recycled paper. 2．What did Li Ming turn the plastic bottles into? A．Only flower pots. B．Flower pots, pencil holders and small toys. C．Pencil holders and books. D．Small toys and paintings. 3．Why did Li Ming and his friends form the team “Green Fingers”? A．To hold art exhibitions in museums. B．To learn from their art teacher. C．To create useful things and teach others about recycling. D．To collect more plastic bottles from streets. 4．Look at the mind map. Which of the following can be put in ▲? Li Ming’s experience A．collecting used plastic bottles; surprised B．making small toys; bored C．giving gifts to friends; nervous D．teaching recycling; sad 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．A 14-year-old’s Green Dream B．Li Ming’s Favorite Hobby C．How to Make Handicrafts D．The Team “Green Fingers” 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了14岁的李明受启发，用回收塑料瓶制作手工艺品、送给朋友，之后组建“绿手指”团队，通过展览向他人传播回收理念、践行环保的故事。 1．根据第三段“He started by collecting used plastic bottles from his neighbors and friends.”可知，李明起初从邻居和朋友那里收集用过的塑料瓶。 2．根据第三段“Then, he painted them with bright colors and turned them into beautiful flower pots, pencil holders and even small toys.”可知，李明把塑料瓶变成花盆、笔筒和小玩具。 3．根据第四段“Together, they not only created more useful things but also held a small exhibition (展览) in their school to teach others about recycling.”可知，李明和他的朋友们组成了“绿手指”团队是为了制作更多有用的东西，以及教别人回收利用。 4．根据第二段“One day, his art teacher showed the class some pictures of art works made from recycled materials. Li Ming was greatly inspired.”及第三段“He started by collecting used plastic bottles from his neighbors and friends.”可知，李明受到老师的启发，开始收集用过的塑料瓶；根据第四段“He gave his works to his friends as birthday gifts. To his surprise, they loved these special gifts.”可知，朋友很喜欢李明的作品，他很惊讶。 5．本文主要讲述了14岁的李明，如何用回收塑料瓶制作手工艺品、组建环保团队、传播回收理念的故事，核心是他用行动践行环保的梦想。A选项“一个14岁少年的绿色梦想”最贴合全文主旨。 Passage 8 （24-25九年级上·福建厦门·阶段检测）April 22nd is World Earth Day—a day to remind people to protect the earth. So on that day, our family held an activity “ bottle of trash challenge” . That means the trash needs to be put in a 600ml bottle. We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves, eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided. It was not easy for mom to deal with all the trash, but she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math or physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized we were challenging ourselves. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I told myself that I must produce less waste. I hardly ever had snacks or drinks. It was too difficult, but I did it! I've learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 1．What activity did the writer’s family hold on April 22nd? A．A challenge. B．A trip. C．A picnic. D．A party. 2．Who made the least trash in the family? A．The writer. B．The writer’s father. C．The writer’s mother. D．The writer’s sister. 3．The underlined word “leftovers” in the third paragraph means ________. A．Food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B．Food that hasn’t been eaten up at the end of a meal C．Waste that is produced in the kitchen D．Dishes that are cooked by mother 4．What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A．Watching TV. B．Playing computer games. C．Preparing for her exams. D．Playing the piano. 5．The writer wrote the passage in order to encourage us ________. A．to have less snacks and drinks B．to use both sides of the paper C．to eat up all the food of the dinner D．to protect the earth by starting with small actions 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者家人在世界地球日这天挑战自己，尽可能产生更少的垃圾。从这次经历让作者明白每个人都可以制造更少的垃圾，应该从小事做起，保护地球。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“So on that day, our family held an activity ‘bottle of trash challenge’”可知，作者家人举办了“垃圾瓶子挑战”活动。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“My father worked online all day...He made the least trash in our family”可知，爸爸制造的垃圾最少。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided”可知，没有吃完所有的食物，所以剩菜不可避免，leftover表示“吃剩的食物”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams”可知，作者的妹妹忙着为考试做准备。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“I’ve learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth”可知，作者想通过自己的经历呼吁人们减少垃圾制造，从小事做起来保护地球。故选D。 主题03 人与自我——实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 9 （25-26九年级下·福建泉州·阶段检测）When a person loses his or her wallet, it can be a terrible experience. However, a man named Tom showed a creative way to return a lost wallet, making sure the rightful owner could get it back. Tom found a wallet on a Saturday morning near a supermarket. He opened it and saw an ID card and a bank card. He wanted to give it to the police at once, but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting. He worried that if he just left it in a lost and found box, someone might take it away. He decided to find a clever way — it was to make the owner get in touch with him directly without letting the cat out of the bag. So the owner’s personal information would be safe. He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles he loved. He created a code from the owner’s birth date on the ID．He wrote, “Your birthday is the key!” He posted the note on the noticeboard of the supermarket. Later that day, someone called, and finally the wallet was reunited with its real owner. Tom’s method of returning the lost wallet offers a valuable example. It shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems. Moreover, it shows the importance of using available information, like the birth date on an ID card. This way not only reunites the owner with his or her lost belongings but also shows the power of creative thinking. 1．What was the problem Tom met when he found the wallet? A．He didn’t know what to do with it. B．There was no ID card in the wallet. C．He couldn’t find a lost and found box. D．He didn’t have time to go to the police station. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? ①The wallet was returned to its real owner. ②Tom found a wallet with an ID card and a bank card. ③Tom wrote a note and posted it on the supermarket noticeboard. ④Tom decided not to send the wallet to the police right away. A．②→④→③→① B．④→②→③→① C．②→③→④→① D．④→③→②→① 3．What made Tom get the idea of creating the code? A．The math puzzles he liked. B．A book he read recently. C．A policeman’s suggestion. D．A TV show he watched. 4． A．50663661. B．50663671. C．40663671. D．40663661. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Everyone should remember their own birthday. B．We must call the police when we find a wallet. C．Creative thinking helps to solve problems well. D．It’s important to keep personal information safe. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Tom捡到钱包后，通过创意方式联系失主并归还钱包的故事，展现了创造性思维的重要性。 【详解】 1．由原文第2段 “He wanted to give it to the police at once, but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting.” 可知，Tom发现钱包时，因为要参加线上会议，没时间立刻去警察局。 2．事件顺序：②Tom在超市发现了带身份证和银行卡的钱包→④他决定不立刻把钱包送去警察局→③他写了一张纸条贴在超市公告栏→①钱包最终物归原主。 3．由原文第3段 “He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles he loved.” 可知，Tom设计密码的灵感来自他喜欢的数学谜题。 4．根据题目中的算式：30532468 + YYYYMMDD = 电话号码，生日为2013年12月3日，即20131203，计算：30532468 + 20131203 = 50663671。 5．由原文最后一段“it shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems...shows the power of creative thinking.”可知，文章主旨是创造性思维有助于解决问题。 Passage 10 （25-26九年级上·广东深圳·期中） A long time ago in ancient China, people didn’t have a good way to stay dry when it rained. On rainy days, they had to run and hide under trees or wait in pavilions (凉亭). It was hard to travel or do anything outdoors in bad weather. One day, a smart and kind inventor named Luban was walking outside when dark clouds appeared. Soon, heavy rain poured from the sky. Luban quickly ran to a pavilion for cover. As he stood there watching the rain, he noticed something interesting: a little boy running by, holding a big lotus leaf over his head like a roof. The boy was using the lotus leaf to block the rain. It wasn’t perfect, but it worked for a while. Luban smiled and thought, “That’s clever. The leaf acts like a small roof. Maybe I can make something better so that people can carry it with them.” After going home, Luban began working on an idea. He made a light frame (骨架) out of sticks and covered it with oilcloth to stop the rain. It looked like a small, round roof on a stick—the first umbrella. When Luban’s wife, Yun, saw it, she liked it but said, “It’s smart, but it would be even better if it could open and close.” Luban agreed. So together, they improved the design by adding a folding (折叠) frame. Now the umbrella could be easily carried and used anytime. Thanks to the boy with the lotus leaf, Luban got inspired. And with Yun’s help, the umbrella was born—a clever tool that helps people stay dry and happy, even on the rainiest days. 1．What problem did people in ancient China face on rainy days? A．They couldn’t stay dry outside. B．They liked to dance in the rain. C．They used umbrellas made of glass. D．They only went swimming when it rained. 2．What gave Luban an idea for the umbrella? A．A bird flying with dry wings. B．A boy using a lotus leaf to block the rain. C．A man carrying a wooden door. D．A leaf floating in a pond. 3．What was Luban’s first umbrella made of? A．Sticks and oilcloth. B．Iron and silk. C．Bamboo and paper. D．Plastic and rubber. 4．What suggestion did Luban’s wife make? A．Paint it red to look nicer. B．Make it big enough to cover a house. C．Add a folding frame so it can open and close. D．Tie it to your head with string. 5．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain how rain impacted people’s lives in ancient China. B．To tell a story about Luban and his wife. C．To discuss the uses of lotus leaves in history. D．To explain how the umbrella was invented and improved. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了中国古代发明家鲁班受头顶荷叶挡雨的小男孩启发制作出第一把雨伞，后在妻子云氏的建议下改进出可折叠雨伞的故事，介绍了雨伞的发明与改进过程。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“A long time ago in ancient China, people didn’t have a good way to stay dry when it rained.”可知，古代中国的人们在雨天无法在户外保持干燥，这是他们面临的问题。 2．根据第二段“a little boy running by, holding a big lotus leaf over his head like a roof”可知，男孩用荷叶挡雨的场景给了鲁班发明雨伞的灵感。 3．根据第四段“He made a light frame out of sticks and covered it with oilcloth to stop the rain.”可知，鲁班的第一把雨伞由木棍和油布制成。 4．根据第五段“It’s smart, but it would be even better if it could open and close.”可知，鲁班的妻子提出了给雨伞增加可开合的折叠结构的建议。 5．全文围绕雨伞的发明缘由、初代雨伞的制作，以及雨伞的改进过程展开，核心目的是介绍雨伞是如何被发明和改进的。 Passage 11 （25-26九年级上·安徽宿州·期中）Philipp and Johannes are brothers in Germany. They invent funny things and make interesting videos on the Internet. The brothers became popular because of one of their recent videos. In the video, Philipp flew a bathtub (浴缸) to a local food store and bought a sandwich. At the beginning of the video, Philipp climbed into the special bathtub. He wore a helmet and there was a camera on it to record everything. He used his remote control to let the bathtub rise into the air. After the bathtub took off, it crossed farm land and a small river. At last, it carried Philipp to the food store—Kopps Bakery. Philipp climbed out and went into the store to buy a sandwich. Although the flying bathtub was able to carry Philipp to the food store, it didn’t have enough power (力量) to carry him home again. The brothers spent two months making the flying bathtub. They used drone (无人机) technology on it. “German laws (法律) allow us to do it as long as the bathtub flies below 98 feet (30 m),” the brothers said. Johannes said, “Before the bathtub took off, people didn’t believe it could actually fly. When it flew away, they were so surprised. This is the world’s first flying bathtub. Some people even told us to start a company to sell those bathtub drones.” 1．What did Philipp do in the recent video? A．He made friends with a wild animal. B．He flew a bathtub to buy a sandwich. C．He drove his car in a dangerous way. D．He built a house in the forest. 2．How long did it take the brothers to make the flying bathtub? A．A year. B．Half a year. C．Two months. D．A month. 3．What do we know about the flying bathtub? A．It was invented by a French man. B．It can only hold two persons. C．Drone technology is used on it. D．It has enough power to fly for days. 4．Which of the following best describes Philipp and Johannes? A．Creative. B．Poor. C．Serious. D．Lucky. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了Philipp和Johannes二人发明飞行浴缸的故事。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段最后一句“In the video, Philipp flew a bathtub to a local food store and bought a sandwich.”可知，Philipp在视频中做的事情是驾驶浴缸去买三明治。 2．根据文章第三段第一句“The brothers spent two months making the flying bathtub.”可知，制作时间为两个月。 3．根据文章第三段第二句“They used drone technology on it.”可知，C项正确。A项错误，他们是德国人（in Germany）；B项文中未提及具体载客人数限制；D项错误，文中第二段提到“it didn’t have enough power to carry him home again”。 4．通读全文可知，兄弟俩发明了有趣的东西（invent funny things），并制造出了世界上第一个飞行浴缸（world’s first flying bathtub），这体现了他们具有创造力和创新精神（Creative）。B项（贫穷）、C项（严肃）、D项（幸运）均不符合文意。 Passage 12 （25-26九年级上·广东江门·期中）Teenager Hu Dongping, a “New Era Good Teenager” in China, has become a popular figure with his amazing robot inventions. Inspired by social needs he noticed on news programs, he started his creative journey by drawing designs and testing ideas. After months of hard work, his most famous invention—an intelligent elderly-care robot—came out. The robot can help the elderly with daily tasks like getting water and reminding them to take medicine. It also has a video call function, letting the elderly stay in touch with their families easily. What’s more, it is cheaper than many similar products, making it more popular among ordinary families. Hu says his success comes from his love for science and never giving up. He hopes his inventions can make people’s lives better. His story encourages thousands of teenagers to follow their dreams and use technology to solve real-life problems. 1．What inspired Hu Dongping to start his invention? A．His school’s science project. B．Social needs from news programs. C．His grandparents’ daily troubles. D．A robot competition’s requirements. 2．What is the main use of Hu’s intelligent robot? A．Helping students with homework. B．Assisting the elderly in daily life. C．Teaching people science knowledge. D．Guiding tourists in scenic spots. 3．Why is Hu’s robot popular among ordinary families? A．It looks more attractive. B．It has more functions. C．It is cheaper than similar products. D．It is easier to carry. 4．What does Hu Dongping think leads to his success? A．Good luck and family support. B．Love for science and perseverance. C．Teachers’ guidance and hard training. D．Rich experience and clever ideas. 5．What message does Hu’s story send to teenagers? A．Follow dreams and use technology to solve problems. B．Focus on studies and give up hobbies temporarily. C．Travel more to get new inspiration. D．Learn from famous inventors’ books. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“新时代好少年”胡东平受到新闻节目中社会需求的启发，发明了智能养老机器人，并以此鼓励青少年用科技解决现实问题。 【详解】 1．第一段提到：“Inspired by social needs he noticed on news programs”，说明胡东平受到新闻节目中社会需求的启发。 2．第二段首句：“The robot can help the elderly with daily tasks”，说明机器人的主要用途是帮助老年人处理日常生活。 3．第二段提到：“It is cheaper than many similar products, making it more popular among ordinary families”，说明价格便宜是它在普通家庭中受欢迎的原因。 4．第二段提到：“Hu says his success comes from his love for science and never giving up”，即成功源于对科学的热爱和坚持不懈。 5．最后一句：“His story encourages thousands of teenagers to follow their dreams and use technology to solve real-life problems”，说明他的故事鼓励青少年追随梦想并用科技解决问题。 主题01 人与社会——家乡和社会的变迁 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·河南郑州·阶段检测）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though they worked so hard, the production of fruit was still low because the area was short of water. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about our difficulties,and later, a canal (灌溉渠) began to be built in my village.“Who are they?” I asked.“They are good men from our government,” Grandma replied. Then, I moved to a city for my middle school. During one summer holiday, I came back to my hometown with my parents. When we arrived there, we were astonished because everything had changed. We saw the canal running through every orchard. And my grandma told us that after the canal was completed, villagers didn't have to go up and down the hill to carry water anymore. And more and more people started planting fruit and the production increased a lot. Thanks to the government’s canal project, our village has developed much better. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How did people in the village make money when the writer was young? A．By building canals. B．By feeding animals. C．By planting fruit trees. D．By planting vegetables. 2．What difficulty did the villagers face? A．They didn’t have money to buy water. B．They didn’t have machines to plant fruit. C．They couldn’t go to work in the big city. D．There wasn’t enough water in the orchard. 3．What does the underlined word “astonished” mean? A．Happy. B．Afraid. C．Worried. D．Surprised. 4．In what order did the following things take place? ①A canal began to be built in the village to solve the water problem. ②The countryside changed a lot because of the canal project. ③The writer moved to a city for his middle school. ④The villagers had to go up and down the hill to carry water. A．④③①② B．④①③② C．③②①④ D．③①②④ 5．What message does the writer really want to express? A．His village needs more help. B．His hometown has changed a lot. C．Many people come to big cities now. D．There are many good men in the village. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了家乡过去因缺水导致果树产量低的困境，政府修建水渠后家乡发生巨大变化，表达了作者对家乡发展的感慨。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段“When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees.”可知，作者小时候村民靠种植果树为生。 2．根据文章第一段“the production of fruit was still low because the area was short of water.”可知，果园缺水是村民面临的主要困难。 3．根据文章第三段“we were astonished because everything had changed.”可知，作者看到家乡一切都变了，感到十分惊讶，“astonished”意为“惊讶的”。 4．根据文章行文顺序，先是第一段村民挑水④，接着第二段修建水渠①，然后第三段作者去城里上学③，最后回家发现变化②，事件发生的正确顺序为④①③②。 5．全文围绕家乡因水利工程发生巨大变化展开，最后一段总结“our village has developed much better”，核心信息是家乡变化巨大。 Passage 2 （25-26九年级上·湖北咸宁·阶段检测）Sunshine Village was once a poor village in Northern China, but now it has changed into a rich and livable place. In the past, people in Sunshine Village had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong wish for a better life. “In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work. Why can’t we? Nobody was born to be poor.” The villagers decided to make a difference. They carried water and soil (土壤) to their village from faraway places to improve their land. They opened lots of land for growing crops and set up some factories. Their lives were greatly improved. However, the village faced a new problem twenty years later. Pollution was a problem then. The leaders of the village decided to take action to improve the situation. Some polluting factories were shut down. Villagers started to grow grapes and melons. They soon became the main industry in Sunshine Village. The village started a yearly tourism (观光) festival in 2016. Many travelers came to pick grapes and melons. “The grapes and melons could be sold at a better price. As Sunshine Village becomes famous through this festival, we can then live even better lives,” the villagers said with a smile. 1．What does the word “will” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Body. B．Influence. C．Feeling. D．Mental power. 2．What are people in Sunshine Village like? A．Stupid. B．Friendly. C．Hard-working. D．Warm-hearted. 3．What problems did the villagers solve? ① Poor education.   ② Food shortage.   ③ Pollution problems.   ④ Moving mountains. A．①④ B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了中国北方的阳光村从贫穷村落逐步发展为富裕宜居之地的历程，介绍了村民在不同阶段通过自身努力解决贫困、污染等问题，不断提升生活水平的发展过程。 【详解】 1．根据文章第二段“In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his strong will and hard work.”可知，愚公移山依靠的是坚强的意志与辛勤的付出，因此“will”的含义是精神力量、意志力，与选项D表述相符。 2．根据文章第二段“They carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. They opened lots of land for growing crops and set up some factories.”，结合后文村民主动解决污染问题、发展特色种植与旅游业的内容，可推知阳光村的村民勤劳肯干，靠双手改变生活。 3．根据文章第二段“In the past, people in Sunshine Village had little food and few clothes... Their lives were greatly improved.”可知村民解决了食物短缺的问题；根据第3段“Pollution was a problem then. The leaders of the village decided to take action to improve the situation. Some polluting factories were shut down.”可知村民解决了污染问题。文中未提及教育落后的相关内容，移山是愚公故事中的内容，并非村民需要解决的问题，因此②③符合题意。 4．文章第一段总述阳光村从贫穷变为富裕宜居的整体变化；第二、三、四段按时间顺序，分别讲述了村庄初步脱贫、转型产业解决污染、发展旅游业进一步致富的三个发展阶段，均为分述内容，用以支撑首段的总起表述，因此文章为总分结构，对应A选项的结构图示。 Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·期中）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of the countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they had too much work B．it was not convenient to go up the hill C．they could only grow fruit trees D．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard 2．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________. A．the villagers’ suggestions B．the government’s support C．a school’s practical activity D．a company’s engineering plan 3．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city B．the village is a place of interest for tourists now C．there will be more fruit production in the village D．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays 4．The underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” is closest in meaning to ________. A．prepared much for B．donated money to C．drawn public attention to D．put much effort into 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．How is a village improved? B．Who are the good men? C．Why do people come back? D．What does a hometown mean? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家乡由于缺水导致水果产量低，后来在政府的支持下通过兴建水利工程，使家乡面貌焕然一新，表达了作者对家乡建设者的感激之情。 1．第一段提到：“…the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.”，这直接说明了果园缺水是当时困扰村民、导致减产的最主要问题。 2．第二段中奶奶回答道：“They are good men from our government,”，由此可知，这些来提供帮助的人员隶属于政府，说明家乡的改变源于政府的支持。 3．第三段提到：“…after the water conservation project was completed, a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production…”，根据水利工程已完工且政府出台政策鼓励生产的事实，可以推断出未来村里的水果产量将会增加。 4．最后一段提到：“Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of the countryside.”，结合这些建设者们通过实地调研并带领工人修建水利工程的行为可知，他们为农村发展付出了巨大的精力和努力，故该短语意为“投入大量精力”。 5．全篇叙述了家乡从过去因缺水而贫困，到政府派遣人员修建水利设施，再到如今环境优美、生产便利的转变过程。选项A“村庄是如何改善的？”最能概括文章的核心内容。 主题02 人与自我——实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 4 （25-26九年级上·陕西渭南·阶段检测） The brush pen, one of the “Four Treasures of the Study”, was invented thousands of years ago. It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the State of Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the State of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and this caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it. One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some rabbits on the horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit’s tail left a long mark on the ground. Suddenly, a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?” On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was too smooth (光滑的) to write well and it wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed (失望的) that he threw his “invention” into a stone hole in the yard. However, Meng never surrendered and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his “invention” fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush pen worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last. 1．Meng Tian wanted to improve the pen because_________. A．the king asked him to do it B．his old pen broke easily C．he didn’t have silk to write on D．his old pen was too hard to use 2．The underlined word “surrendered” in the last paragraph probably means “_________”. A．called back B．gave up C．set off D．cheered up 3．Which is the right order of improving the brush pen? a. The brush pen could write well. b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick. c. The special water washed the oil away. d. Meng threw his “invention” into a stone hole. A．b-a-d-c B．d-b-a-c C．b-d-c-a D．c-d-b-a 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The invention of the brush pen. B．The ways to use the brush pen. C．The difficulties of writing in ancient times. D．The hunting stories of General Meng Tian. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了蒙恬经过不断尝试改良毛笔的故事。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“But his pen was too hard and this caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.”可知，旧的笔太硬不好用，所以蒙恬想要改良它。 2．根据最后一段第一句后半部分“kept trying all the time.”可知蒙恬一直不断尝试，也就是从未放弃，surrendered此处意思是“放弃”，固定短语gave up意为“放弃”。 3．第四段“On arriving home, he tied the rabbit’s hair to a stick and tried writing with it.”提到蒙恬把兔毛绑在树枝上，对应b；第四段“Meng was so disappointed that he threw his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard.”提到尝试失败后把“发明”扔进石洞里，对应d；第五段“He picked it up with hope. The brush pen worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.”毛笔可以流畅书写是因为石洞里的特殊水去除了兔毛上的油脂，分别对应c和a。故选C。 4．全文围绕蒙恬改良、发明毛笔的过程展开，核心内容是毛笔的发明历程，其余选项均不符合文章核心内容。 Passage 5 （25-26九年级上·河南南阳·阶段检测）Evans Wadongo was from a village in Africa. He had to do homework by the light of a kerosene lamp (煤油灯). Evans’ eyes hurt and this made studying difficult. It was common in his village. Many children left school for this reason, so they remained poor for the rest of their lives. Although studying was difficult, Evans was an excellent student and went to a university. He continued to worry about the kerosene lamp. By this time, he realized it was not just bad for schoolchildren but for the whole family. First, it can cause illnesses such as coughs. Also, the light can hurt people’s eyes. Besides, it can lead to fires. Lastly, kerosene is expensive, so families have less money for food. It was difficult to come up with a different kind of lamp that was cheap and good for the environment. Yet Evans did not give up. One day, he had an idea. He could use a small solar (太阳能的) light. Sunlight is free and solar power is good for the environment. Evans built his first solar lamp, and it worked. He began to build more lamps and sent them to local families. An organization heard about this and provided money for him to build more solar lamps. Each lamp only cost $20. However, this was a lot of money to many villagers who only earned around $34 a week, so Evans made sure he kept the cost down. First, Evans used recycled materials. Next, volunteers built the lamps. Finally, people from many countries gave away money to his team, so the lamps were usually free. Thousands of people had safe light. Julia, a mother of three, said, “Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook.” The solar lamps made a big difference. 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Leaving school. B．Doing homework. C．Having eye problems. D．Having a bright idea. 2．How many problems about kerosene lamps are mentioned according to Paragraph2? A．6. B．5. C．4. D．3. 3．Put the following information into the correct order according to the passage. a. Evans went to a university.        b. Thousands of people had safe light. c. His first solar lamp was invented.    d. Kerosene lamps hurt Evans’ eyes. e. Recycled materials were used in the lamps.    f. People from many countries gave away money. A．d-a-c-e-f-b B．d-f-b-c-a-e C．a-d-f-e-c-b D．a-e-c-d-f-b 4．Why does the writer give Julia’s example in Paragraph 5? A．To share Julia’s experience. B．To show Evans’ influence. C．To describe Evans’ feelings. D．To introduce Evans’ invention. 5．What is Evans like according to the passage? A．Polite, talented and humorous. B．Quiet, smart and honest. C．Humorous, clever and friendly. D．Hard-working, loving and creative. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了非洲村庄男孩Evans Wadongo因煤油灯影响学习和健康，发明廉价环保太阳能灯并推广的故事。 【详解】 1．第一段指出“Evans’ eyes hurt and this made studying difficult”，此处的“this”指代前文提到的“Evans’ eyes hurt”（眼睛受伤），故指代眼睛问题。 2．第二段指出“First, it can cause illnesses such as coughs. Also, the light can hurt people’s eyes. Besides, it can lead to fires. Lastly, kerosene is expensive”，共提到4个问题。 3．第一段指出“Evans’ eyes hurt”，第二段指出“Evans...went to a university”，第三段指出“Evans built his first solar lamp”，第四段指出“Evans used recycled materials”，第四段指出“people from many countries gave away money”，第五段指出“Thousands of people had safe light”，因此正确顺序为：d-a-c-e-f-b。 4．第五段指出“Julia, a mother of three, said, ‘Thanks to Evans, my children have light to read, and I have my own light to cook.’” 作者引用Julia的例子是为了说明Evans发明的太阳能灯对人们的影响，即展示Evans的影响力。 5．第二段指出“Although studying was difficult, Evans was an excellent student”（勤奋）；第二段指出“Yet Evans did not give up”（坚持不懈）；第四段指出“made sure he kept the cost down...used recycled materials”（有创造力、有爱心）。故Evans是一个勤奋、有爱心、有创造力的人。 Passage 6 （25-26九年级下·福建福州·阶段检测）When a person loses his or her wallet, it can be a terrible experience. However, a man named Tom showed a creative way to return a lost wallet, making sure the rightful owner could get it back. Tom found a wallet on a Saturday morning near a supermarket. He opened it and saw an ID card and a bank card. He wanted to give it to the police at once, but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting. He worried that if he just left it in a lost and found box, someone might take it away. He decided to find a clever way—it was to make the owner get in touch with him directly without letting the cat out of the bag. So the owner’s personal information would be safe. He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles (谜题) he loved. He created a code (代码) from the owner’s birth date on the ID．He wrote, “Your birthday is the key!” He posted the note on the noticeboard of the supermarket. Black Wallet Found Your birthday is the key! You can call me by solving this: 3 0 5 3 2 4 6 8 On Monday, I will send it to the police station. *Y=year  M=month  D=day Later that day, someone called, and finally the wallet was reunited (重聚) with its real owner. Tom’s method of returning the lost wallet offers a valuable example. It shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems. Moreover, it shows the importance of using available information, like the birth date on an ID card. This way not only reunites the owner with his or her lost belongings but also shows the power of creative thinking. 1．What was the problem Tom met when he found the wallet? A．He didn’t know what to do with it. B．There was no ID card in the wallet. C．He couldn’t find a lost and found box. D．He didn’t have time to go to the police station. 2．What does the phrase “letting the cat out of the bag” mean in paragraph 2? A．Hiding the real purpose. B．Showing the private information. C．Keeping the key information. D．Sharing the happy story. 3．What made Tom get the idea of creating the code? A．The math puzzles he liked. B．A book he read recently. C．A policeman’s suggestion. D．A TV show he watched. 4． I was born on December 3rd, 2013. Can you help me call Tom to get my wallet back? Please choose the right phone number! A．50663671. B．50663661. C．40663671. D．40663661. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Creative thinking helps solve problems well. B．We must call the police when we find a wallet. C．Everyone should remember their own birthday. D．It’s important to keep personal information safe. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Tom捡到钱包后，利用失主生日设计代码，既保护失主隐私又成功归还钱包的故事，体现了创造性思维解决问题的力量。 【详解】 1．第二段指出Tom遇到的问题：“it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home to have an important online meeting”，说明他没有时间去警察局。 2．第二段提到：“the owner’s personal information would be safe”，汤姆的方法可以保证失主个人信息安全，说明该方法不会泄露失主的私人信息，表明“letting the cat out of the bag”意为泄露私人信息。 3．第三段说明灵感来源：“He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles he loved”，指出是他喜欢的数学谜题让他想到设计代码的主意。 4．第四段结合代码规则：“*Y=year M=month D=day”与数字“3 0 5 3 2 4 6 8”和出生日期2013年12月3日（20131203），30532468 + 20131203 = 50663671，计算得出电话号码为50663671。 5．最后一段点明道理：“with some creativity and a bit of thinking, we can find practical solutions to problems”，说明创造性思维有助于很好地解决问题。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 7 （25-26九年级上·福建福州·期中） Last spring, our neighborhood’s empty lot (空地) was an eyesore. Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner. Lily, a ninth-grader, decided to change this. She talked to the community leader and put up posters asking for helpers. Over 50 people joined the project. We divided into groups: some cleaned the garbage, others brought young plants. Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots. “We’re giving waste a new life,” Lily explained. An old gardener taught us to make compost (堆肥) from food waste— it’s natural fertilizer (肥料) that helps plants grow. Every weekend, we worked together. At first, some neighbors worried it would be a waste of time. But as the lot turned green with vegetables and flowers, their doubts disappeared. Now, children play there after school, and people there share the harvest. “This project didn’t just clean the lot,” said Lily. “It made our community closer.” More neighborhoods have started similar projects. It shows that small actions can make a big difference for the environment and people’s lives. 1．What does the underlined word “eyesore” mean in Paragraph 1? A．A place that looks ugly. B．A job that is tiring. C．A plan that is smart. D．A person who is helpful. 2．What did the students do in the project? A．They sold the harvest to raise money. B．They wrote posters to ask for plants. C．They taught the elderly to plant flowers. D．They made flower pots from plastic bottles. 3．Which one is true according to the passage? A．No neighborhoods started the same project. B．The empty lot is now used as a school garden. C．The neighbors felt unhappy with Lily’s plan at first. D．The project helped improve community relationships. 4．What can we learn from the last sentence? A．Small actions are not helpful. B．Every small thing we do can help a lot. C．Only big actions can change the world. D．We need a lot of money to make a difference. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．From Dirty Lot to Green Space B．Clever Student Leader C．How to Make Natural Fertilizer D．Ways to Reuse Plastic Bottles 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述九年级学生Lily改造小区废弃空地，组织邻居开展环保项目，将脏乱空地打造成绿植空间，告诉读者微小行动可以给环境与生活带来巨大改变。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“Broken chairs, plastic bags, and dry grass filled every corner.”可知，空地堆满破旧椅子、塑料袋和干草，是很难看的地方，eyesore表示“难看、刺眼的事物”。 2．根据第二段“Students from my school collected plastic bottles, cut them into halves, and turned them into flower pots.”可知，学生收集塑料瓶、对半切开做成花盆。 3．根据第三段“It made our community closer.”可知，这个项目拉近了邻里距离，改善了邻里关系。 4．根据最后一段“It shows that small actions can make a big difference for the environment and people’s lives.”可知，微小的举动就能产生巨大影响。 5．全文围绕从脏乱空地改造为绿色种植空间展开，核心主题是From Dirty Lot to Green Space。 Passage 8 （25-26九年级上·福建福州·期中）Andrew Holleman, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for the birds, other animals and many different plants. It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. Suddenly it was announced (宣布) that the “empty” land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted. Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew’s teachers described him as kind, shy and active. His classmates also admired (钦佩) how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures (签名) of 250 people. In the end, the land remained (保留) a safe place for birds, other animals and plants that belonged there. Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and help save the environment. 1．The passage is mainly about ________. A．the research of improving the environment B．the open land that suited animals and plants C．a brave boy who cared for the environment D．250 people who signed to help Andrew 2．Andrew was very worried because ________. A．not all the neighbors were going to sign B．new houses would be built on the open land C．all the animals would be killed D．the local government made a right decision 3．The underlined word “oppose” in paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．agree B．dislike C．disagree D．support 4．According to the passage, Andrew ________. A．was praised by his teachers and classmates B．always wanted to act like a person much older C．didn’t get in touch with the reporters D．was good at going door-to-door 5．We can know that ________. A．the open land would be built into a park B．the neighbors would have to move away C．Andrew would soon work for the government D．the land would remain as it used to be 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述12岁男孩Andrew主动行动，保住家旁动植物栖息地、守护自然环境的故事。 【详解】 1．通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个12岁的男孩Andrew为了保护家乡的自然环境，勇敢反对在湿地上建造房屋的故事，突出其勇敢与环保意识。对应选项C“一个关心环境的勇敢男孩”最能概括全文主旨。 2．根据原文第二段“Suddenly it was announced that the ‘empty’ land would be improved by a lot of houses on it.”与第三段“When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.”可知，Andrew担忧的根源是这片空地要修建新房，会污染水土、伤害动植物，对应选项B。 3．根据“He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses.”和上下文可知，Andrew想要阻止房屋建造，所以他号召邻居们一起“反对”建房。在此语境下，oppose“反对”，与disagree“不同意/反对”意思最接近。 4．根据第五段“Andrew’s teachers described him as kind, shy and active. His classmates also admired...”可知，老师和同学都对他给予了高度评价和钦佩，即表扬了他。对应选项A。 5．根据倒数第二段“In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, other animals and plants that belonged there.”可知，最终土地没有被开发，保留了原貌。对应选项D。 Passage 9 （25-26九年级上·福建三明·期中）April 22nd is World Earth Day—a day to remind people to protect the earth. So on that day, our family held an activity “bottle of trash challenge”. That means the trash needs to be put in a 600 ml bottle. We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible. My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins. He made the least trash in our family. My mother cooked and produced plenty of kitchen waste, such as vegetable leaves, eggshells and food bags. What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided. It was not easy for mom to deal with all the trash, but she found a way to put it all into the bottle. How amazing! My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams. She had to use paper to work out math or physics problems. She used only one side of the paper in the past. But that day, she tried to use both sides of the paper because she realized we were challenging ourselves. She did a good job! I was different from my sister. I love snacks and drinks. So my trash was almost from them. I told myself that I must produce less waste. I hardly ever had snacks or drinks. It was too difficult, but I did it! I’ve learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth! 1．What activity did the writer’s family hold on April 22nd? A．A challenge. B．A trip. C．A picnic. D．A party. 2．Who made the least trash in the family? A．The writer. B．The writer’s sister. C．The writer’s father. D．The writer’s mother. 3．The underlined word “leftovers” in the third paragraph means “________”. A．food bags that are used to put the vegetable leaves B．food that hasn’t been eaten up at the end of a meal C．waste that is produced in the kitchen D．dishes that are cooked by mother 4．What was the writer’s sister busy doing? A．Watching TV. B．Playing computer games. C．Preparing for her exams. D．Playing the piano. 5．The writer wrote the passage in order to encourage us ________. A．to have less snacks and drinks B．to use both sides of the paper C．to eat up all the food of the dinner D．to protect the earth by starting with small actions 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者一家在世界地球日参加“垃圾瓶挑战”活动，通过减少垃圾产生来保护地球的经历，并分享了每位家庭成员的不同做法。 【详解】 1．第一段明确指出：“So on that day, our family held an activity ‘bottle of trash challenge’. That means the trash needs to be put in a 600 ml bottle. We decided to challenge ourselves and produce as little trash as possible.”，这表明活动本质上是一个“挑战”，即“尽量减少垃圾并将其装入小瓶中”。 2．第二段提到：“He made the least trash in our family.”，前文指出“My father worked online all day, so he didn’t produce any paper waste except paper napkins.”，因此父亲产生的垃圾最少。 3．第三段提到：“What’s worse, we couldn’t eat up all the food of the dinner that day. So leftovers couldn’t be avoided.”。“leftovers”指晚餐后“未被吃完的食物”，即餐后剩余的食物。 4．第四段明确指出：“My sister, a 16-year-old student, was busy preparing for her exams.”。因此姐姐正忙于“备战考试”。 5．最后一段总结：“I’ve learnt a lot from this activity. I realize that everyone can produce less trash. We should start with small actions to protect the earth!”。作者写文章的目的是鼓励大家“从小行动开始保护地球”，D选项完整概括了这一主旨。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题03阅读理解（记叙文） 基础必练 主题01人与社会 家乡和社会变迁 Passage 1 1.C2.B3.C4.A5.B Passage 2 1.B2.C3.B Passage 3 1.D2.B3.C Passage 4 1.D2.A3.D4.A 主题02人与自然一 环境保护 Passage 5 1.B2.C3.D4.A5.D Passage 6 1.B2.D3.C4.A Passage 7 1.A2.B3.C4.A5.A Passage 8 1/3 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D 主题03人与自我一 实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 9 1.D2.A3.A4.B5.C Passage 10 1.A2.B3.A4.C5.D Passage 11 1.B2.C3.C4.A Passage 12 1.B2.B3.C4.B5.A 进阶提升 主题01人与社会一 家乡和社会的变迁 Passage 1 1.C2.D3.D4.B5.B Passage 2 1.D2.C3.D4.A Passage 3 1.D2.B3.C4.D5.A 主题02人与自我一 实践品质与工匠精神 Passage 4 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 1.D2.B3.C4.A Passage 5 1.C2.C3.A4.B5.D Passage 6 1.D2.B3.A4.A5.A 主题03人与自然一 环境保护 Passage 7 1.A2.D3.D4.B5.A Passage 8 1.C2.B3.C4.A5.D Passage 9 1.A2.C3.B4.C5.D 3/3