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2026 秋外研版高中英语必修三应用文练习纸
Unit 3 The world of science 单元话题写作
一、写作任务
Write a report of the Magic Bottle experiment. Materials: a boiled egg, a glass bottle whose bottleneck is a bit smaller than the egg, and some hot water. Procedure: remove the shell of the egg; pour some hot water into the bottle; shake the bottle gently; pour out the hot water; quickly put the egg on top of the bottle. Report the aim, the materials, the procedure, the results and what you have learnt. (70-90 words)
请写一份「魔术瓶」实验报告。材料:一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个瓶颈略小于鸡蛋的玻璃瓶、一些热水。步骤:去掉鸡蛋壳;往瓶里倒入一些热水;轻轻摇晃瓶子;倒出热水;迅速把鸡蛋放在瓶口上。要求写明实验目的、所用材料、操作步骤、实验结果以及你的收获,并使用本单元所学的现在完成时的被动语态。词数 70-90 词(80 词左右为佳)。
二、审题要点
◆(1)主题:
◆(2)文体:
◆(3)时态:
◆(4)要点:
◆(5)亮点提示:
三、写作框架
开头
实验目的(This experiment is designed to show how air pressure works)
正文
实验材料(I prepared a boiled egg, a glass bottle and some hot water)
操作步骤(First, the shell has been removed. Then hot water has been poured into the bottle and shaken gently. After the water has been poured out, the egg has been placed on top of the bottle)
结尾
结果与结论(the egg has been pushed in by air pressure; Air pressure has been proved to be powerful)
四、词汇 / 短语积累
【核心词汇】
1. 按 2. 电池 3. 有能力的
4. 渴望,欲望 5. 被动的 6. 化学家
7. 天文学家 8. 生物学家 9. 精确的
10. 起源,起因 11. 物种 12. 学说,理论
13. 精神的 14. 药剂;疗法 15. 起草,草拟
16. (科学)实验 17. 金属 18. 系,绑;贴
19. 闪光 20. 重力,引力 21. 证明,证据
22. 程序,步骤 23. 射出(光线等)
24. 虚拟的,模拟的 25. 易弯曲的,柔韧的
26. 重要的,影响深远的 27. 非凡的,出色的
28. 聪颖的,才华横溢的 29. 传导(热、电)
【核心短语】
1. 除此之外,另外 2. 虚拟现实
3. 可穿戴技术 4. 有能力做某事
5. 就……而言 6. 导致
7. 想出(办法) 8. 被认为,被公认为
9. 自然选择 10. 实地研究
11. 做实验 12. 得出结论
13. 为……而设计 14. 注意
15. 以……为基础 16. 导致,造成
17. 一道闪电 18. 电击
19. 迄今为止 20. 例如
五、句式练习
第一段(开头):实验目的与材料
这个实验的目的是展示气压是如何起作用的。(核心词:be designed to)
________________________________________________________________________________
我准备了一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个玻璃瓶和一些热水。(核心词:prepare)
________________________________________________________________________________
实验中用到的材料已经被准备好了。(核心词:has been prepared)
________________________________________________________________________________
第二段(中间):实验步骤
首先,鸡蛋壳已经被去掉。(核心词:has been removed)
________________________________________________________________________________
然后,一些热水已经被倒入瓶中并轻轻摇晃。(核心词:has been poured into)
________________________________________________________________________________
接着,热水已经被倒出。(核心词:has been poured out)
________________________________________________________________________________
最后,鸡蛋已经被放在瓶口上。(核心词:has been put on top of)
________________________________________________________________________________
第三段(结尾):实验结果与结论
实验之后,我可以得出这样的结论:鸡蛋被气压压进了瓶子里。(核心词:draw the conclusion that)
________________________________________________________________________________
气压已经被证明是非常强大的。(核心词:has been proved)
________________________________________________________________________________
从这个实验中,我们学到了科学就在我们身边。(核心词:have learnt)
________________________________________________________________________________
六、进阶高分句型专练
(一)现在完成时被动语态的形式 the form of the present perfect passive
句型公式:主语 + have / has + been + 过去分词(+ by ...)
注意:现在完成时的被动语态由 have / has been + 过去分词构成;第三人称单数用 has,其余用 have;若要强调动作的执行者,可在其后加 by 短语。
◆鸡蛋壳已经被去掉了。(核心词:has been removed)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆这些新发明已被用来帮助病人。(核心词:have been used to)
________________________________________________________________________________
(二)用法与语境 the use and context of the present perfect passive
句型公式:强调动作已经完成且主语是承受者:has been poured / has been proved
注意:当我们要强调某动作已经完成、而句子主语是动作的承受者(而非执行者)时,用现在完成时的被动语态;它常用于实验报告、新闻报道与说明文中,使叙述客观、严谨。
◆一些热水已经被倒入瓶中。(核心词:has been poured into)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆实验结果已经被记录下来。(核心词:has been recorded)
________________________________________________________________________________
(三)与现在完成时主动语态的对比 active vs passive in the present perfect
句型公式:主动:Someone has poured the water. ↔ 被动:The water has been poured.
注意:主动语态强调「谁做了」,被动语态强调「什么被做了」;在实验报告等客观说明中,若执行者不重要或不言自明,宜用被动语态,避免反复出现 I / we。
◆有人已经把热水倒了出来。(核心词:has poured out)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆热水已经被倒了出来。(核心词:has been poured out)
________________________________________________________________________________
(四)综合运用:用现在完成时被动改写升级 improving with the present perfect passive
句型公式:把主动句改写为「has / have been + 过去分词」结构
注意:在实验报告与说明文中,把「执行者 + has done + 宾语」的主动句改写为被动句,能让叙述更客观、更简洁,是实验类写作的高分表达方式。
◆科学家们已经证明了这一理论。(核心词:has been proved)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆他们已经完成了这项实验。(核心词:has been completed)
________________________________________________________________________________
七、写作
The Magic Bottle Experiment
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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2026 秋外研版高中英语必修三应用文练习纸
Unit 3 The world of science 单元话题写作
一、写作任务
Write a report of the Magic Bottle experiment. Materials: a boiled egg, a glass bottle whose bottleneck is a bit smaller than the egg, and some hot water. Procedure: remove the shell of the egg; pour some hot water into the bottle; shake the bottle gently; pour out the hot water; quickly put the egg on top of the bottle. Report the aim, the materials, the procedure, the results and what you have learnt. (70-90 words)
请写一份「魔术瓶」实验报告。材料:一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个瓶颈略小于鸡蛋的玻璃瓶、一些热水。步骤:去掉鸡蛋壳;往瓶里倒入一些热水;轻轻摇晃瓶子;倒出热水;迅速把鸡蛋放在瓶口上。要求写明实验目的、所用材料、操作步骤、实验结果以及你的收获,并使用本单元所学的现在完成时的被动语态。词数 70-90 词(80 词左右为佳)。
二、审题要点
◆(1)主题:实验报告——报告「魔术瓶」实验,说明目的、材料、步骤、结果与结论
◆(2)文体:应用文·实验报告(目的 + 材料 + 步骤 + 结果 + 结论)
◆(3)时态:说明目的用一般现在时;描述步骤与结果用现在完成时的被动语态
◆(4)要点:①实验目的;②实验所用材料;③操作步骤(按先后顺序);④实验结果;⑤结论与个人的收获
◆(5)亮点提示:This experiment is designed to ... / First ... Then ... After that ... Finally ... / After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that ...;使用现在完成时的被动语态(has been removed / has been poured / has been proved)
三、写作框架
开头
实验目的(This experiment is designed to show how air pressure works)
正文
实验材料(I prepared a boiled egg, a glass bottle and some hot water)
操作步骤(First, the shell has been removed. Then hot water has been poured into the bottle and shaken gently. After the water has been poured out, the egg has been placed on top of the bottle)
结尾
结果与结论(the egg has been pushed in by air pressure; Air pressure has been proved to be powerful)
四、词汇 / 短语积累
【核心词汇】
1. 按press
2. 射出(光线等)shoot
3. 虚拟的,模拟的virtual
4. 易弯曲的,柔韧的flexible
5. 电池battery
6. 有能力的capable
7. 渴望,欲望desire
8. 被动的passive
9. 重要的,影响深远的significant
10. 化学家chemist
11. 天文学家astronomer
12. 生物学家biologist
13. 精确的accurate
14. 起源,起因origin
15. 物种species
16. 非凡的,出色的extraordinary
17. 聪颖的,才华横溢的brilliant
18. 学说,理论theory
19. 精神的mental
20. 药剂;疗法cure
21. 起草,草拟draft
22. (科学)实验experiment
23. 金属metal
24. 系,绑;贴attach
25. 闪光flash
26. 传导(热、电)conduct
27. 重力,引力gravity
28. 证明,证据proof
29. 程序,步骤procedure
【核心短语】
1. 除此之外,另外in addition
2. 虚拟现实virtual reality
3. 可穿戴技术wearable tech
4. 有能力做某事be capable of
5. 就……而言in terms of
6. 导致lead to
7. 想出(办法)come up with
8. 被认为,被公认为be recognised as
9. 自然选择natural selection
10. 实地研究field research
11. 做实验carry out an experiment
12. 得出结论draw a conclusion
13. 为……而设计be designed to do
14. 注意pay attention to
15. 以……为基础be based on
16. 导致,造成result in
17. 一道闪电a flash of lightning
18. 电击electric shock
19. 迄今为止to date
20. 例如for instance
五、句式练习
第一段(开头):实验目的与材料
这个实验的目的是展示气压是如何起作用的。(核心词:be designed to)
This experiment is designed to show how air pressure works.
我准备了一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个玻璃瓶和一些热水。(核心词:prepare)
I prepared a boiled egg, a glass bottle and some hot water.
实验中用到的材料已经被准备好了。(核心词:has been prepared)
The materials used in the experiment have been prepared.
第二段(中间):实验步骤
首先,鸡蛋壳已经被去掉。(核心词:has been removed)
First, the shell of the egg has been removed.
然后,一些热水已经被倒入瓶中并轻轻摇晃。(核心词:has been poured into)
Then, some hot water has been poured into the bottle and shaken gently.
接着,热水已经被倒出。(核心词:has been poured out)
After that, the hot water has been poured out.
最后,鸡蛋已经被放在瓶口上。(核心词:has been put on top of)
Finally, the egg has been put on top of the bottle.
第三段(结尾):实验结果与结论
实验之后,我可以得出这样的结论:鸡蛋被气压压进了瓶子里。(核心词:draw the conclusion that)
After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that the egg has been pushed in by air pressure.
气压已经被证明是非常强大的。(核心词:has been proved)
Air pressure has been proved to be very powerful.
从这个实验中,我们学到了科学就在我们身边。(核心词:have learnt)
From this experiment, we have learnt that science is all around us.
六、进阶高分句型专练
(一)现在完成时被动语态的形式 the form of the present perfect passive
句型公式:主语 + have / has + been + 过去分词(+ by ...)
注意:现在完成时的被动语态由 have / has been + 过去分词构成;第三人称单数用 has,其余用 have;若要强调动作的执行者,可在其后加 by 短语。
◆鸡蛋壳已经被去掉了。(核心词:has been removed)
The shell of the egg has been removed.
◆这些新发明已被用来帮助病人。(核心词:have been used to)
These new inventions have been used to help patients.
(二)用法与语境 the use and context of the present perfect passive
句型公式:强调动作已经完成且主语是承受者:has been poured / has been proved
注意:当我们要强调某动作已经完成、而句子主语是动作的承受者(而非执行者)时,用现在完成时的被动语态;它常用于实验报告、新闻报道与说明文中,使叙述客观、严谨。
◆一些热水已经被倒入瓶中。(核心词:has been poured into)
Some hot water has been poured into the bottle.
◆实验结果已经被记录下来。(核心词:has been recorded)
The result of the experiment has been recorded.
(三)与现在完成时主动语态的对比 active vs passive in the present perfect
句型公式:主动:Someone has poured the water. ↔ 被动:The water has been poured.
注意:主动语态强调「谁做了」,被动语态强调「什么被做了」;在实验报告等客观说明中,若执行者不重要或不言自明,宜用被动语态,避免反复出现 I / we。
◆有人已经把热水倒了出来。(核心词:has poured out)
Someone has already poured out the hot water.
◆热水已经被倒了出来。(核心词:has been poured out)
The hot water has already been poured out.
(四)综合运用:用现在完成时被动改写升级 improving with the present perfect passive
句型公式:把主动句改写为「has / have been + 过去分词」结构
注意:在实验报告与说明文中,把「执行者 + has done + 宾语」的主动句改写为被动句,能让叙述更客观、更简洁,是实验类写作的高分表达方式。
◆科学家们已经证明了这一理论。(核心词:has been proved)
This theory has been proved by scientists.
◆他们已经完成了这项实验。(核心词:has been completed)
The experiment has been completed.
七、写作
The Magic Bottle Experiment
This experiment is designed to show how air pressure works.
I prepared a boiled egg, a glass bottle and some hot water.
First, the shell has been removed. Then hot water has been poured into the bottle and shaken gently.
After the water has been poured out, the egg has been placed on top of the bottle.
After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that the egg has been pushed in by air pressure. Air pressure has been proved to be powerful.
【中文翻译】
这个实验的目的是展示气压是如何起作用的。
我准备了一个煮熟的鸡蛋、一个玻璃瓶和一些热水。
首先,鸡蛋壳已经被去掉。然后,一些热水已经被倒入瓶中并轻轻摇晃。
热水被倒出之后,鸡蛋已经被放在瓶口上。
实验之后,我可以得出这样的结论:鸡蛋被气压压进了瓶子里。气压已经被证明非常强大。
【总体分析】
①体裁:实验报告——含目的(This experiment is designed to ...)、材料、步骤(First / Then / After that / Finally)以及结果与结论,格式完整,符合实验报告的写作要求
②语法:现在完成时的被动语态(has been removed / has been poured into / has been placed / has been proved);宾语从句(I can draw the conclusion that ...)
③结构:目的→材料与步骤→结果与结论,条理清晰;全文约 83 词,符合高考应用文 70~90 词要求,要点齐全、叙述客观
【亮点词汇】
be designed to(目的是)/ procedure(步骤)/ pour into(倒入)/ shake(摇晃)/ draw the conclusion(得出结论)/ be proved to be(被证明是)
【高分句型】
This experiment is designed to show how air pressure works.(开门见山说明实验目的,用宾语从句补足内容)
I prepared a boiled egg, a glass bottle and some hot water.(列举实验材料,简洁明了)
First, the shell has been removed.(用现在完成时的被动语态叙述步骤,客观严谨)
Then, some hot water has been poured into the bottle and shaken gently.(以被动语态说明操作,突出受事者)
After the water has been poured out, the egg has been placed on top of the bottle.(用时间状语从句串联两个步骤,逻辑清楚)
After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that the egg has been pushed in by air pressure.(以 draw the conclusion that ... 引出结论)
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