Unit 6 When Disaster Strikes 单元综合进阶卷 2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

八年级英语上册 Unit 6 When Disaster Strikes单元 综合进阶卷 一、单词、短语与句子（共15分） A. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词（每空1分，共5分） 1. The earthquake was a terrible d________ that destroyed many buildings in the city. 2. As a ________（救援）worker, he has saved many people from dangerous situations. 3. The ________（洪水）washed away the bridge and cut off the road to the village. 4. When the fire broke out, the students left the building in an o________ way. 5. We should stay c________ and think clearly when we are in danger. B. 用方框内短语的适当形式填空（每空1分，共5分） break out, in ruins, give up, keep in touch with, be trapped in 6. The big fire ________ suddenly at midnight and many people were asleep. 7. After the earthquake, the whole town was ________. 8. The little boy ________ the dark room for two hours before he was saved. 9. Even though the situation was difficult, the rescue workers did not ________ hope. 10. After the disaster, people tried their best to ________ their family members. C. 根据汉语意思完成句子（每空0.5分，共5分） 11. 地震发生时，人们正在睡觉。 When the earthquake ________ ________, people were sleeping. 12. 救援队一到就立刻开始工作了。 The rescue team started to work ________ ________ as they arrived. 13. 这场洪水对村庄造成了巨大的破坏。 The flood ________ great ________ to the village. 14. 我们应该学习如何在灾难中保护自己。 We should learn how to ________ ourselves ________ disasters. 15. 听到这个坏消息，她忍不住哭了。 Hearing the bad news, she couldn't ________ ________. 二、完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Disasters can happen at any time. They may come 16________ warning. When a disaster strikes, it is important to stay 17________ and follow safety rules. Earthquakes are one of the most 18________ natural disasters. When an earthquake happens, you should 19________ under a strong desk or table. Do not use the lift. 20________ the shaking stops, leave the building quickly and carefully. Floods are also very dangerous. If a flood comes, you should move to 21________ ground as soon as possible. Never try to walk or drive 22________ the flooded road. Fires can break out in buildings. If you smell smoke, you should leave the building at once. Remember to 23________ low to the ground because smoke rises. Never go back into a burning building. Learning about disasters can help us 24________ ourselves and others. We should take part in safety 25________ at school and learn how to protect ourselves. 16. A. with　　 B. without　　 C. for　　 D. at 17. A. calm　　 B. calmness　　 C. calmly　　 D. calmer 18. A. common　　 B. commoner　　 C. commonly　　 D. commonest 19. A. hide　　 B. hides　　 C. hiding　　 D. hid 20. A. Before　　 B. After　　 C. While　　 D. Until 21. A. low　　 B. high　　 C. higher　　 D. highest 22. A. across　　 B. through　　 C. over　　 D. above 23. A. crawl　　 B. crawls　　 C. crawling　　 D. crawled 24. A. protect　　 B. protects　　 C. protecting　　 D. protected 25. A. drills　　 B. games　　 C. songs　　 D. books 三、阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分） A Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous natural disasters. They happen suddenly and can cause great damage. But do you know what to do when an earthquake strikes? If you are indoors, stay there. Drop to the ground and take cover under a strong desk or table. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Do not use the lift. If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees and power lines. If you are in a car, stop in a safe place and stay inside until the shaking stops. After an earthquake, check yourself and others for injuries. Be careful of fallen objects and broken glass. Do not use matches or lighters because there may be gas leaks. Listen to the radio or TV for official information. Earthquakes cannot be prevented, but we can prepare for them. Knowing what to do can save lives. 26. What should you do if you are indoors when an earthquake happens? A. Run out of the building at once. B. Use the lift to go downstairs. C. Drop to the ground and take cover. D. Stand near the window. 27. Where should you go if you are outdoors during an earthquake? A. Near a tall building. B. Under a big tree. C. To an open area. D. Beside a power line. 28. Why shouldn't you use matches after an earthquake? A. Because there may be gas leaks. B. Because it is too dark. C. Because matches are wet. D. Because it is not allowed. 29. What does the passage tell us about earthquakes? A. They can be prevented. B. They happen only at night. C. Knowing what to do can save lives. D. They are not dangerous. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to predict earthquakes. B. What to do during and after an earthquake. C. The history of earthquakes. D. How to build earthquake-proof buildings. B Last summer, a terrible flood hit a small town in the south of China. The water rose quickly and many people were trapped in their homes. The rescue workers arrived soon and worked day and night to save people. Among them was a young volunteer named Zhang Wei. He was only nineteen years old. He helped to carry people to safety and gave out food and water to those in need. He did not sleep for two days. "I was scared, but I knew I had to help," Zhang Wei said. "When I saw the old people and children, I forgot my own fear." The flood destroyed many houses and roads. But it also brought people together. Neighbours helped each other and strangers became friends. After the flood, the whole town worked together to rebuild their homes. Zhang Wei said, "Disasters are terrible, but they also show us the best of human nature." 31. What happened to the small town last summer? A. An earthquake hit it. B. A flood hit it. C. A fire broke out. D. A storm came. 32. How old was Zhang Wei? A. Seventeen. B. Eighteen. C. Nineteen. D. Twenty. 33. What did Zhang Wei do during the flood? A. He stayed at home. B. He helped carry people to safety. C. He ran away. D. He slept for two days. 34. What did the flood bring to the town besides destruction? A. More disasters. B. People coming together. C. More money. D. New buildings. 35. What does Zhang Wei think of disasters? A. They are only terrible. B. They show us the best of human nature. C. They should be forgotten. D. They cannot be survived. 四、七选五（共10分，每小题2分） 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项多余）。 How to Stay Safe in a Disaster Disasters can happen suddenly. It is important to know what to do. 36________ First, stay calm. 37________ If you are calm, you can think clearly and make good decisions. Second, follow safety rules. 38________ For example, during an earthquake, you should drop to the ground and take cover. During a fire, you should leave the building at once. Third, help others if you can. 39________ You can help them find a safe place or give them first aid. Finally, listen to official information. 40________ They will tell you what to do and where to go. A. Do not panic. B. Official information is important C. We should never prepare for disasters. D. The police and rescue workers will give you advice. E. Here are some tips that can help you. F. You can help old people and children. G. We should ignore safety rules. 五、语法填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last year, a big earthquake 41________ (hit) a city in the west of China. Many buildings 42________ (destroy) and thousands of people lost their homes. The rescue workers arrived quickly and started to save people who 43________ (trap) under the ruins. A young man named Li Ming was one of the 44________ (survive). He said, "When the earthquake happened, I was 45________ (scare). But I remembered what I 46________ (learn) in school. I dropped to the ground and took cover under a desk. That saved 47________ (I)." After the earthquake, Li Ming joined a volunteer team. He helped to give out food and water 48________ those in need. He also helped to rebuild schools. "Disasters are terrible, 49________ they also teach us to be strong and to help each other," Li Ming said. "We should always be prepared 50________ the worst." 六、任务型阅读（共10分，每小题2分） 阅读短文，用完整的英语句子回答问题。 A Brave Rescue Worker My name is Wang Qiang. I am a rescue worker. I have worked in this job for ten years. I have been to many disaster areas and saved many people. The most unforgettable experience was the earthquake in 2008. When we arrived, the whole town was in ruins. Many people were trapped under the buildings. We worked day and night to save them. We did not sleep for three days. I was very tired, but I could not give up. When I pulled a little girl out of the ruins, she smiled at me. That smile gave me great strength. I will never forget it. Being a rescue worker is dangerous, but I love my job. I think it is the most meaningful job in the world. I will keep doing it until I am too old to work. 51. How long has Wang Qiang worked as a rescue worker? 52. What was the most unforgettable experience for Wang Qiang? 53. How long did the rescue workers work without sleeping? 54. What gave Wang Qiang great strength? 55. What does Wang Qiang think of his job? 七、书面表达（共15分） 题目： How to Stay Safe When a Disaster Strikes 要求： 1. 谈谈在灾难中保护自己的两点具体做法； 2. 至少使用一处由 when 或 if 引导的状语从句； 3. 词数75-95，语句通顺，结构完整； 4. 尽量运用本单元相关词汇，无严重语法拼写错误。 八年级英语上册 Unit 6 When Disaster Strikes单元 综合进阶卷 答案与解析 一、单词、短语与句子（共15分） A. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词（每空1分，共5分） 1. disaster 解析：disaster名词，灾难。句意：这场地震是一场可怕的灾难，摧毁了城市里许多建筑。a terrible disaster意为"一场可怕的灾难"，符合语境。注意disaster为可数名词。 2. rescue 解析：rescue名词/动词，救援。句意：作为一名救援工作者，他从危险境地中救出了许多人。a rescue worker意为"一名救援工作者"，为固定搭配。注意rescue既可作名词也可作动词。 3. flood 解析：flood名词，洪水。句意：洪水冲走了桥梁，切断了通往村庄的道路。The flood作主语，wash away意为"冲走"，符合语境。 4. orderly 解析：orderly形容词，有秩序的。句意：火灾发生时，学生们有秩序地离开了大楼。in an orderly way意为"以有秩序的方式"，为固定搭配。注意orderly由order加-ly构成，但为形容词。 5. calm 解析：calm形容词，冷静的。句意：当我们处于危险中时，我们应该保持冷静并清晰地思考。stay calm意为"保持冷静"，为固定搭配。 B. 用方框内短语的适当形式填空（每空1分，共5分） 6. broke out 解析：break out意为"爆发、突然发生"。句意：大火在午夜突然爆发，许多人正在睡觉。根据句意可知动作已发生，用一般过去时，break的过去式为broke。注意break out无被动语态。 7. in ruins 解析：in ruins意为"成为废墟"。句意：地震后，整个城镇成了废墟。be in ruins为固定搭配。 8. was trapped in 解析：be trapped in意为"被困在……中"。句意：这个小男孩被困在黑暗的房间里两个小时才被救出。根据before he was saved可知用一般过去时，主语The little boy为单数，故用was trapped in。 9. give up 解析：give up意为"放弃"。句意：尽管情况很困难，救援人员也没有放弃希望。did not后接动词原形give up。 10. keep in touch with 解析：keep in touch with意为"与……保持联系"。句意：灾难发生后，人们尽力与家人保持联系。try one's best to do sth.，to后接动词原形keep in touch with。 C. 根据汉语意思完成句子（每空0.5分，共5分） 11. broke out 解析：break out意为"爆发、突然发生"。句意：地震发生时，人们正在睡觉。When引导时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，break的过去式为broke。 12. as soon 解析：as soon as意为"一……就……"，引导时间状语从句。句意：救援队一到就立刻开始工作了。注意as soon as引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用一般过去时。 13. caused; damage 解析：cause great damage to意为"对……造成巨大破坏"。句意：这场洪水对村庄造成了巨大的破坏。根据句意可知用一般过去时，cause的过去式为caused。damage为不可数名词。 14. protect; from 解析：protect...from...意为"保护……免受……"。句意：我们应该学习如何在灾难中保护自己。how to do sth.，to后接动词原形protect。 15. help crying 解析：can't help doing sth.意为"忍不住做某事"。句意：听到这个坏消息，她忍不住哭了。help后接动名词crying。 二、完形填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 答案：16-20：B A A A B　21-25：C B A A A 16. B. without 解析：句意：它们可能毫无预警地到来。without warning意为"毫无预警"，符合语境。A带着、C为了、D在，均不符合。 17. A. calm 解析：句意：当灾难来袭时，保持冷静并遵守安全规则很重要。stay后接形容词作表语，calm为形容词。B为名词，C为副词，D为比较级，均不符合stay后接形容词原级的用法。 18. A. common 解析：句意：地震是最常见的自然灾害之一。one of the most + 形容词原级 + 名词复数，common为形容词原级。B为比较级，C为副词，D为最高级，均不符合"one of the most + 形容词原级"的结构。 19. A. hide 解析：句意：当地震发生时，你应该躲在坚固的桌子下面。should后接动词原形hide。B为第三人称单数，C为现在分词，D为过去式，均不符合。 20. B. After 解析：句意：震动停止后，迅速而小心地离开大楼。After引导时间状语从句，符合逻辑顺序。A在……之前、C当……时、D直到，均不符合"先躲避后撤离"的顺序。 21. C. higher 解析：句意：如果洪水来了，你应该尽快转移到更高的地方。higher ground意为"更高的地方"，符合洪水时往高处转移的常识。A低的、B高的（原级，但此处暗含比较）、D最高的，均不如higher符合语境。 22. B. through 解析：句意：千万不要试图步行或开车穿过被洪水淹没的道路。through意为"穿过（从内部）"，符合"穿过被水淹没的道路"的语境。A across意为"穿过（从表面）"，C over意为"越过"，D above意为"在……上方"，均不符合。 23. A. crawl 解析：句意：记住要低姿爬行，因为烟会上升。Remember to do sth.，to后接动词原形crawl。B为第三人称单数，C为现在分词，D为过去式，均不符合。 24. A. protect 解析：句意：了解灾难可以帮助我们保护自己和他人。help sb. (to) do sth.，to可省略，此处用动词原形protect。B为第三人称单数，C为现在分词，D为过去式，均不符合。 25. A. drills 解析：句意：我们应该参加学校的安全演练，学习如何保护自己。safety drills意为"安全演练"，符合语境。B游戏、C歌曲、D书籍，均不符合"学习安全知识"的语境。 三、阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分） A篇 答案：26.C 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.B 26. C 解析：细节理解题。原文第二段"If you are indoors, stay there. Drop to the ground and take cover under a strong desk or table."可知，在室内应蹲下并躲避。A立刻跑出大楼、B使用电梯、D站在窗边，均与原文矛盾。 27. C 解析：细节理解题。原文第三段"If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings, trees and power lines."可知，在户外应转移到开阔地带。A高楼附近、B大树下、D电线旁，均与原文矛盾。 28. A 解析：细节理解题。原文第四段"Do not use matches or lighters because there may be gas leaks."可知，不能使用火柴是因为可能有燃气泄漏。B太黑、C火柴湿了、D不被允许，均不是原文给出的原因。 29. C 解析：细节理解题。原文最后一段"Knowing what to do can save lives."可知，知道该怎么做能拯救生命。A可以预防、B只在晚上发生、D不危险，均与原文矛盾。 30. B 解析：主旨大意题。全文介绍了地震发生时和地震后应该怎么做。A如何预测地震、C地震的历史、D如何建造防震建筑，均为局部信息或未提及。 B篇 答案：31.B 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.B 31. B 解析：细节理解题。原文第一段"Last summer, a terrible flood hit a small town in the south of China."可知，去年夏天一场洪水袭击了南方小镇。A地震、C火灾、D风暴，均不符合。 32. C 解析：细节理解题。原文第二段"He was only nineteen years old."可知，张伟只有十九岁。A十七、B十八、D二十，均不符合。 33. B 解析：细节理解题。原文第二段"He helped to carry people to safety and gave out food and water to those in need."可知，张伟帮助把人转移到安全地带。A待在家里、C跑走、D睡了两天，均与原文矛盾。 34. B 解析：细节理解题。原文第四段"But it also brought people together."可知，洪水也让人们团结在一起。A更多灾难、C更多钱、D新建筑，均不是文章强调的重点。 35. B 解析：细节理解题。原文最后一段"Disasters are terrible, but they also show us the best of human nature."可知，张伟认为灾难也展现了人性最美好的一面。A只有可怕、C应该被遗忘、D无法幸存，均不符合。 四、七选五（共10分，每小题2分） 答案：36.E 37.A 38.D 39.F 40.B 多余选项：C、G 36. E 解析：前句说"灾难可能突然发生。知道该怎么做很重要"，后文分点给出建议。E项"Here are some tips that can help you."（这里有一些能帮助你的建议）承上启下，引出下文的具体建议。 37. A 解析：前句说"第一，保持冷静"，后句说"如果你冷静，你就能清晰思考并做出正确决定"。A项"Do not panic."（不要惊慌）与"保持冷静"意思一致，进一步强调。 38. D 解析：前句说"第二，遵守安全规则"，后句举例说明地震和火灾时的做法。D项"The police and rescue workers will give you advice."（警察和救援人员会给你建议）承接"遵守规则"，说明规则来源。 39. F 解析：前句说"第三，如果可以的话帮助他人"，后句说"你可以帮助他们找到安全的地方或给他们急救"。F项"You can help old people and children."（你可以帮助老人和孩子）具体说明帮助对象，与后句构成顺承。 40. B 解析：前句说"最后，听从官方信息"，后句说"他们会告诉你该怎么做、去哪里"。B项"Official information is important."正确答案应为引出"听从官方信息"的原因。根据选项，B项最符合"听从官方信息"的语境，因为官方信息会指导行动。C项"我们不应该为灾难做准备"和G项"我们应该忽视安全规则"与文章观点矛盾，为干扰项。 五、语法填空（共15分，每小题1.5分） 41. hit 解析：根据Last year可知用一般过去时，hit的过去式仍为hit。句意：去年，一场大地震袭击了中国西部的一座城市。 42. were destroyed 解析：主语Many buildings与destroy之间为被动关系，且为一般过去时，故用were destroyed。句意：许多建筑被摧毁，数千人失去了家园。 43. were trapped 解析：who引导定语从句修饰people，people与trap之间为被动关系，且为一般过去时，故用were trapped。句意：救援人员迅速赶到，开始营救被困在废墟下的人们。 44. survivors 解析：one of the + 形容词 + 名词复数，survive的名词形式为survivor，故填survivors。句意：一个叫李明的年轻人是幸存者之一。 45. scared 解析：was后接形容词作表语，scare的形容词形式为scared，意为"害怕的"。句意：地震发生时，我很害怕。 46. had learned 解析：根据语境，学习发生在害怕之前，即"过去的过去"，用过去完成时had learned。句意：但我记得我在学校学过的知识。 47. me 解析：save后接宾格，I的宾格为me。句意：那救了我。 48. to 解析：give out sth. to sb.意为"把某物分发给某人"，to表示对象。句意：他帮助向需要的人分发食物和水。 49. but 解析：前后句为转折关系，terrible与teach us to be strong形成对比，故填but。句意：灾难很可怕，但它们也教会我们坚强和互相帮助。 50. for 解析：be prepared for意为"为……做好准备"，为固定搭配。句意：我们应该始终为最坏的情况做好准备。 六、任务型阅读（共10分，每小题2分） 评分标准：完整句子作答，语义一致，语法正确即得分。 51. He has worked as a rescue worker for ten years. 解析：原文第一段第三句"I have worked in this job for ten years."注意人称转换：I改为He，in this job改为as a rescue worker。 52. The most unforgettable experience was the earthquake in 2008. 解析：原文第二段第一句"The most unforgettable experience was the earthquake in 2008."注意人称转换：my改为the，其余保持不变。 53. They worked without sleeping for three days. 解析：原文第二段第五句"We did not sleep for three days."可转换为They worked without sleeping for three days.注意人称转换：We改为They。 54. A little girl's smile gave Wang Qiang great strength. 解析：原文第三段第三、四句"When I pulled a little girl out of the ruins, she smiled at me. That smile gave me great strength."注意人称转换：I改为Wang Qiang，me改为him。 55. He thinks it is the most meaningful job in the world. 解析：原文第四段第二句"I think it is the most meaningful job in the world."注意人称转换：I改为He，think改为thinks。 七、书面表达（共15分） 参考范文 How to Stay Safe When a Disaster Strikes Disasters can happen at any time, so it is important to know how to stay safe. First, if an earthquake happens, you should drop to the ground and take cover under a strong desk. Second, when a fire breaks out, you should leave the building at once and never use the lift. Remember to crawl low because smoke rises. If we stay calm and follow safety rules, we can protect ourselves. Knowing what to do can save lives. (词数：85) 范文解析： 1. 内容要点：第一段点明灾难随时可能发生，知道如何保护自己很重要；第二段写出两点具体做法——地震时蹲下躲避、火灾时立刻离开并低姿爬行；第三段总结呼吁。 2. 状语从句使用："if an earthquake happens"使用了if引导的条件状语从句；"when a fire breaks out"使用了when引导的时间状语从句，符合要求。 3. 单元词汇运用：disaster、strike、earthquake、take cover、break out、crawl、stay calm、safety rules等均为本单元相关词汇。 4. 结构完整：总—分—总结构，语句通顺，无严重语法拼写错误。 5. 词数：85词，符合75-95词的要求。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $