Unit 4 What makes things move预习（导学案）-2026-2027学年沪教版英语六年级上册

Unit 4 What makes things move? 课本知识预习导学案 一、单元学习目标 1. 掌握本单元力与运动主题词汇和短语，学会谈论推力、拉力、轻重、快慢及力的作用。 2. 熟练运用形容词比较级和最高级描述速度，如：A car is faster than a horse. A plane is the fastest of all. 3. 读懂《Forces and movement》短文，了解力如何使物体移动、改变速度。 4. 掌握字母组合 igh 的发音规律 /aɪ/，认读相关单词。 5. 能谈论生活中的力与运动，完成口头、书面表达“What makes things move?”。 二、必会核心内容 （一）必会单词 push 推 pull 拉 heavy 重的 light 轻的 easy 容易的 difficult 难的 win 获胜 force 力 movement 移动 towards 向；朝 cause 起因；引起 speed 速度 tortoise 陆龟；龟 yourself 你自己 fast 快的 slow 慢的 faster 更快 slower 更慢 fastest 最快 slowest 最慢 high-speed 高速的 plane 飞机 car 汽车 horse 马 train 火车 door 门 ball 球 box 盒子 wing 翅膀 nest 巢 air 空气 （二）重点短语 push down 向下按压 a small force 一个小力 a big force 一个大力 move towards 朝……移动 move away from 远离…… cause a movement 引起移动 change the speed 改变速度 high-speed train 高速列车 faster than 比……更快 slower than 比……更慢 the fastest of all 所有中最快的 the slowest of all 所有中最慢的 It is easier to do sth. 做某事更容易 push a door 推门 pull a door 拉门 三、核心句型 （一）谈论力 A force can make something move. 力可以使某物移动。 A push is a force. 推力是一种力。 A pull is a force too. 拉力也是一种力。 When we push, it moves people or things away from us. 当我们推时，它使人和物远离我们。 When we pull, it moves people or things towards us. 当我们拉时，它使人和物朝我们移动。 （二）谈论力的大小与运动 A small force causes a small movement. 小力引起小移动。 A big force causes a big movement. 大力引起大移动。 When we use a small force to throw a ball, it does not go far. 当我们用小力扔球时，它不会飞很远。 When we use a big force, it goes a long way. 当我们用大力时，它会飞很远。 Also, it is easier to move a light thing than a heavy thing. 而且，移动轻的物体比移动重的物体更容易。 （三）谈论速度 Speed is how fast things move. 速度是物体移动的快慢。 Some things, like trains, move fast, and some things, like tortoises, move slowly. 有些东西，比如火车，移动很快，有些东西，比如乌龟，移动很慢。 A car is faster than a horse. 汽车比马快。 A high-speed train is faster than a car. 高速列车比汽车快。 A plane is the fastest of all. 飞机是所有中最快的。 （四）力改变速度 A force can change the speed of things. 力可以改变物体的速度。 When you push a door with a small force, it opens slowly. 当你用小力推门时，它开得慢。 When you push it with a bigger force, it opens more quickly. 当你用更大的力推时，它开得更快。 四、重难点突破 （一）语音知识：igh 发 /aɪ/ 例词：light, high, night, right, bright, fight, flight, might 进阶训练一：选出画线部分发音不同的一项。 （）1. light A. high B. night C. big （）2. right A. bright B. fight C. eight （）3. might A. flight B. sit C. high （）4. night A. light B. it C. right （二）语法：形容词比较级和最高级 规则变化： - 一般加 -er / -est：fast → faster → fastest - 以 e 结尾加 -r / -st：nice → nicer → nicest - 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母加 -er / -est：big → bigger → biggest - 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -er / -est：heavy → heavier → heaviest - 多音节词前加 more / most：difficult → more difficult → most difficult 不规则变化：good → better → best；bad → worse → worst；many/much → more → most；little → less → least 进阶训练二：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. A car is ______ (fast) than a horse. 2. A plane is the ______ (fast) of all. 3. The tortoise moves ______ (slow) than a horse. 4. It is ______ (easy) to move a light thing than a heavy thing. 5. A high-speed train is ______ (fast) than a car. （三）一般现在时（描述力和运动） 主语为第三人称单数时，动词加 -s 或 -es。 例：A force makes something move. When we push, it moves things away. A small force causes a small movement. 进阶训练三：用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. A force ______ (make) something move. 2. When we push, it ______ (move) things away. 3. A small force ______ (cause) a small movement. 4. He ______ (push) the door every day. 5. They ______ (win) the game yesterday. 五、综合巩固练习 一、根据句意和首字母提示补全句子。 1. A f______ can make something move. 2. A p______ is a force. 3. A p______ is a force too. 4. It is easier to move a l______ thing than a h______ thing. 5. A car is f______ than a horse. 6. A plane is the f______ of all. 7. The t______ moves slowly. 8. A force can change the s______ of things. 9. The box is too h______. I can't lift it. 10. Don't p______ the door. Pull it. 二、单项选择 （）1. A push is ______ force. A. a B. an C. the （）2. When we pull, it moves things ______ us. A. away from B. towards C. out of （）3. A small force causes a ______ movement. A. small B. big C. fast （）4. ______ you push the door with a small force, it opens slowly. A. What B. When C. Who （）5. The tortoise moves ______. A. slow B. slowly C. slower （）6. It is easier to move a light thing ______ a heavy thing. A. than B. then C. to （）7. A force can change the ______ of things. A. speed B. door C. ball （）8. ______ makes things move? A. What B. Who C. Where 三、用所给单词的适当形式补全句子。 1. A car is ______ (fast) than a horse. 2. A plane is the ______ (fast) of all. 3. The tortoise moves ______ (slow) than a horse. 4. It is ______ (easy) to move a light thing than a heavy thing. 5. A high-speed train is ______ (fast) than a car. 6. A force ______ (make) something move. 7. When we push, it ______ (move) things away. 8. He ______ (push) the door every day. 四、连词成句 1. force, a, can, move, something, make (.) ______________________________________________ 2. push, a, is, force (.) ______________________________________________ 3. easier, it, is, light, to, a, move, thing, heavy, than, a, thing (.) ______________________________________________ 4. car, a, faster, is, than, horse, a (.) ______________________________________________ 5. plane, the, is, fastest, a, of, all (.) ______________________________________________ 五、情景对话，选句子补全对话。 A: Hi, Tom. 1. ______ B: I'm reading a book about forces. A: Forces? 2. ______ B: A force can make something move. A: 3. ______ A. What is a force? B. What are you doing? C. What happens when we push? D. Does a big force cause a big movement? E. What is a push? B: A push is a force. A pull is a force too. A: 4. ______ B: When we push, it moves things away from us. A: 5. ______ B: Yes. A big force causes a big movement. 六、阅读读短文，判断句子正（T）误（F）。 Forces are everywhere. A force can make something move. A push is a force. A pull is a force too. When we push, it moves things away from us. When we pull, it moves things towards us. A small force causes a small movement. A big force causes a big movement. It is easier to move a light thing than a heavy thing. Speed is how fast things move. A car is faster than a horse. A high-speed train is faster than a car. A plane is the fastest of all. A force can change the speed of things. （）1. A force can make something move. （）2. A push is a force, but a pull is not. （）3. When we push, it moves things towards us. （）4. A car is faster than a horse, and a plane is the fastest of all. （）5. A force can change the speed of things. 七、书面表达 请以“What makes things move?”为题，写一段话，介绍力与运动。要求：至少写出4句话，使用 force, push, pull, fast, slow 等词。 A force can make things move. A push is a force._____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 进阶训练一 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 进阶训练二 1. faster 2. fastest 3. more slowly / slower 4. easier 5. faster 进阶训练三 1. makes 2. moves 3. causes 4. pushes 5. won 综合巩固练习 一、1. force 2. push 3. pull 4. light; heavy 5. faster 6. fastest 7. tortoise 8. speed 9. heavy 10. push 二、1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. A 三、1. faster 2. fastest 3. more slowly / slower 4. easier 5. faster 6. makes 7. moves 8. pushes 四、1. A force can make something move. 2. A push is a force. 3. It is easier to move a light thing than a heavy thing. 4. A car is faster than a horse. 5. A plane is the fastest of all. 五、1. B 2. A 3. E 4. C 5. D 六、1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 七、范文 A force can make things move. A push is a force. A pull is a force too. When we push, it moves things away from us. When we pull, it moves things towards us. A big force causes a big movement. A small force causes a small movement. It is easier to move a light thing than a heavy thing. Speed is how fast things move. A car is faster than a horse. A plane is the fastest of all. A force can change the speed of things. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $