高考高频词汇688 Group 3 专练-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项
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高考高频688 Group 3 词汇练习巩固
(做人与做事 · 共31词)
学生版
Part 1词性转化(默写)
根据中文提示,在横线上写出对应的英语单词。
1. adv. __________(忠实地;忠诚地) adj. ________(忠实的;忠诚的) n. ____________(忠实;忠诚) n. _____(信仰;信任)
2. adj. ________(可靠的;可信赖的) v. ____(依赖;依靠) adv. ________(可靠地) n. ___________(可靠性)
3. adj. ________(错误的;弄错的) n./v. _______(错误;弄错) adv. __________(错误地)
4. adj. ________(普通的;平凡的) adv. __________(通常;平常地)
5. adj. ______(苦的;痛苦的) adv. ________(痛苦地;激烈地) n. __________(苦味;痛苦)
6. n./v. _____(羞愧;使羞愧) adj. ________(可耻的) adj. _________(无耻的) adj. _______(羞愧的)
7. adv. __________(不管;不顾) v. ______(看待;尊重)
8. n. __________(信心;信任) adj. _________(自信的;有把握的) adj. ____________(机密的) adv. ___________(自信地)
9. v. _____(使惊奇) adj. _______(令人惊奇的) adj. ______(感到惊奇的) n. _________(惊奇;惊讶)
10. adj./n. ________(消极的;否定的) adv. __________(消极地;否定地) n. __________(消极性)
11. adj. ________(谨慎的;小心的) n./v. _______(谨慎;警告) adv. __________(谨慎地)
12. v. ________(使惊讶) adj. ___________(令人惊讶的) adj. __________(感到惊讶的) n. ____________(惊讶)
13. v./n. _________(保证;担保) adj. __________(有保证的)
14. v. _______(放弃;抛弃) adj. _________(被遗弃的) n. ___________(抛弃;放弃)
15. n./v. _____(魅力;迷住) adj. ________(迷人的) adv. __________(迷人地)
16. adj. ______(内疚的;有罪的) n. _____(内疚;罪行) adv. ________(内疚地)
17. adj./n. _____(道德的;寓意) adv. _______(道德上) n. ________(道德;美德)
18. adj. _________(不愿意的) adj. _______(愿意的) adv. ___________(不情愿地) n. _____________(不情愿)
19. n. _________(好奇心;奇物) adj. _______(好奇的;奇怪的) adv. _________(好奇地)
20. n./v. ______(幽默;迁就) adj. ________(幽默的) adv. __________(幽默地)
21. adj. __________(乐观的) n. ________(乐观主义) n. ________(乐观主义者) adv. ______________(乐观地)
22. n. _________(上瘾;沉溺) n./v. ______(上瘾者;使上瘾) adj. ________(上瘾的;沉迷的) adj. _________(使人上瘾的)
23. v. ______(抵制;抵抗) n. __________(抵抗;反抗) adj. _________(有抵抗力的)
24. n. ________(雄心;抱负) adj. _________(有雄心的) adv. ___________(雄心勃勃地)
25. adj. _____(艰难的;坚韧的) n. _________(坚韧;强硬) v. _______(使坚韧)
26. n./v. _____(骗子;欺骗) n. ________(作弊)
27. v. _______(赞同;批准) n. ________(赞同;批准) adj. _________(赞许的) v. __________(不赞成)
28. adj. ___________(不切实际的) adj. _________(实际的;实用的) adv. ___________(实际上;几乎) n. ____________(实用性)
29. adj. ________(批评的;关键的) v. _________(批评;批判) n. _________(批评;评论) n. ______(批评家;评论家) adv. __________(批判地;关键地)
30. v. ______(假定;承担) n. __________(假定;假设) adj. _______(假定的)
31. adj. _________(不确定的) adj. _______(确定的) n. ___________(不确定性) adv. ___________(不确定地)
Part 2一词多义(熟词生义猜义)
读句子,判断其中加粗单词在句中的意思,写出汉语意思。
1. If you think money can buy happiness, you are seriously mistaken.
句中意思:______________
2. They waited for the bus in the bitter wind, hoping it would come soon.
句中意思:______________
3. It’s a shame that you can’t come to the party — we’ll really miss you.
句中意思:______________
4. She told me the secret in strict confidence, so I can’t repeat it.
句中意思:______________
5. The doctor said his blood test was negative, so there was nothing to worry about.
句中意思:______________
6. The phone is still under guarantee, so the repair will cost you nothing.
句中意思:______________
7. The children sang and danced with abandon at the festival, forgetting all their worries.
句中意思:______________
8. She kept a small good-luck charm in her pocket during the exam.
句中意思:______________
9. The young man was found guilty of stealing money from the company.
句中意思:______________
10. The moral of the fable is that honesty always pays off in the end.
句中意思:______________
11. The old teapot looked worthless, but it turned out to be a curiosity worth a fortune.
句中意思:______________
12. Grandpa is tired today, so please humour him and don’t argue with him.
句中意思:______________
13. The government promised to get tough with companies that pollute the river.
句中意思:______________
14. This is a critical moment for our team — one more goal will decide the match.
句中意思:______________
15. When the manager fell ill, his assistant had to assume responsibility for the whole project.
句中意思:______________
Part 3单句语法填空
在横线上填入括号内所给词的适当形式。
1. __________ (astonish) at the news, the whole family fell silent.
2. _______ (charm) by the friendly villagers, we decided to stay longer.
3. ______ (amaze) at how fast the city had changed, the old man kept shaking his head.
4. The boy kept _________ (humour) his little sister until she stopped crying.
5. The student was caught ________ (cheat) in the final exam.
6. _________ (abandon) by its owner, the dog wandered in the streets for months.
7. ________ (assume) that everyone agrees, the plan seems perfect.
8. She sat by the window, _________ (resist) the urge to check her phone.
9. The magician is said _____________ (charm) the whole audience last night.
10. ________ (addict) to mobile games, many teenagers ignore their studies.
11. The new machine ____________ (guarantee) for two years, so you needn’t worry about repairs.
12. The new policy ___________ (approve) by the board last week.
13. Since last year, hundreds of villagers _______________ (cheat) out of their savings.
14. It _________ (assume) that the project will be finished on time.
15. By the time it was pulled down, the old theatre ________________ (abandon) for years.
16. No good result can ____________ (guarantee) without hard work.
17. We __________ (amaze) by the beauty of the sunrise that morning.
18. The proposal ___________ (resist) by the local farmers at yesterday’s meeting.
19. Her _____________ (unwilling) to take risks cost her a golden chance.
20. The ___________ (uncertain) of the weather made the trip risky.
21. It is ___________ (practical) to master a foreign language in a month.
22. Her parents showed clear ___________ (approve) of her decision to quit school.
23. They seriously questioned the ________ (moral) of the decision.
24. Experts doubted the ___________ (rely) of the survey.
25. Before carrying out the plan, we must consider its ____________ (practical) carefully.
26. After ____________ (cheat) by the online seller, she learned to be more careful.
27. Despite _____________ (resist) at first, the plan was finally accepted.
28. The old factory is expected _____________ (abandon) by the end of this year.
29. The budget is believed __________________ (approve) last month.
30. The old man is believed _________________ (cheat) out of his savings years ago.
Part 4高频表达(短语句型译英)
根据中文,写出对应的英语短语或句型。
1. 依赖,依靠→__________________________
2. 依靠某人做某事→__________________________
3. 弄错……→__________________________
4. 不寻常的→__________________________
5. 深感失望→__________________________
6. 真遗憾!→__________________________
7. 不管;不顾→__________________________
8. 对……有信心→__________________________
9. 给某人树立信心→__________________________
10. 令某人惊奇的是→_________________________
11. 对……有负面影响→__________________________
12. 对……谨慎→__________________________
13. 令某人惊讶的是→__________________________
14. 在保修期内→__________________________
15. 沉溺于……→__________________________
16. ……的魅力→__________________________
17. 对……感到内疚→__________________________
18. 故事的寓意→_________________________
19. 不愿做某事→__________________________
20. 出于好奇→__________________________
21. 幽默感→__________________________
22. 对……乐观→__________________________
23. 沉迷于(做)某事→__________________________
24. 抵制诱惑→__________________________
25. 实现抱负→__________________________
26. 对……采取强硬态度→__________________________
27. 在考试中作弊→__________________________
28. 赞成;同意→__________________________
29. 不切实际的计划→_________________________
30. 对……批评;挑剔→_________________________
31. 承担责任→__________________________
32. 对……没把握→__________________________
33. 忍不住做某事→__________________________
34. 十分奏效地→__________________________
35. 关键时刻→__________________________
Part 5应用文语境小短文
根据上下文与括号中文提示,在横线上填入短语或句型。
A篇书信(致学弟学妹)
Dear fellow students,
Welcome to our school! As a senior, I’d like to share some study tips with you. First, 1.____________(对……有信心) yourself, and stay 2.____________(对……乐观) your progress. 3.____________(真遗憾) to give up so easily! Study 4.____________(出于好奇) rather than just for tests, and learn to 5.____________(抵制诱惑) of endless games. Never 6.____________(沉迷于) mobile phones.
Improving English may be 7.____________(艰难的任务), but don’t 8.____________(依赖) others too much. 9.____________(承担责任) for your own study. Being 10.____________(不愿做某事) try new things will only slow you down. Remember, 11.____________(寓意) is that persistence pays off. In short, 12.____________(树立信心) and keep moving forward.
Yours,
Li Hua
B篇书信(致老师·感谢)
Dear Ms Wang,
I’m writing to thank you for your teaching. I’m still 1.____________(对……感到惊奇) the energy you bring to every class. Your 2.____________(幽默感) made grammar lessons lively. You taught us to be 3.____________(对……谨慎) our words, yet never to be 4.____________(对……批评) others. 5.____________(不管) the difficulties we met, you kept cheering us on. I once 6.____________(对……感到内疚) my careless mistakes.
But you always 7.____________(赞成) our new ideas and gave us courage. Thanks to you, I saw 8.____________(……的魅力) learning. Your advice worked 9.____________(十分奏效). With your help, I 10.____________(实现抱负) to study abroad. I used to be 11.____________(弄错……) my own ability, but no longer. I 12.____________(保证做某事) study harder and never let you down.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Group 3 词汇练习巩固 · 学生版 · 第 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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高考高频688词汇—Group 3 做人与做事
(共 31 词)
1
faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/ adv. 忠实地;忠诚地;准确地
派生词
faithful adj. 忠实的,忠诚的;faithfulness n. 忠实,忠诚;faith n. 信仰,信任
一词多义
—
高频短语
serve sb. faithfully 忠实地为某人服务;Yours faithfully 谨启(信末客套语,用于不知姓名的收信人);carry out faithfully 忠实地执行
常见句型
faithfully + v. 忠实地做……
2
reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ adj. 可靠的;可信赖的
派生词
rely v. 依赖,依靠;reliably adv. 可靠地;reliability n. 可靠性
一词多义
—
高频短语
a reliable source 可靠的消息来源;rely on 依赖,依靠
常见句型
rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 依靠某人/某物做某事
3
mistaken /mɪˈsteɪkən/ adj. 错误的;弄错的
派生词
mistake n. 错误 v. 弄错;mistakenly adv. 错误地
一词多义
adj. 错误的(a mistaken idea 错误的想法);adj. 弄错的(be mistaken about 弄错……)
高频短语
be mistaken about 弄错……;be mistaken for 被误认为……;a mistaken belief 错误的信念;nothing could be more mistaken 大错特错
常见句型
be mistaken about sth. 对……弄错;be mistaken in doing sth. 做某事弄错了
4
ordinary /ˈɔːdnri/ adj. 平凡的;普通的;平常的
派生词
ordinarily adv. 通常,平常地;ordinariness n. 平凡,普通
一词多义
adj. 普通的,平常的(out of the ordinary 不寻常)
高频短语
out of the ordinary 不寻常的;ordinary people 普通人;in the ordinary way 通常;按常规;above the ordinary 出色的
常见句型
nothing out of the ordinary 没什么特别的
5
bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj. 苦的;痛苦的;严寒的;激烈的
派生词
bitterly adv. 痛苦地,激烈地;bitterness n. 苦味,痛苦
一词多义
adj. 苦的(味道);adj. 痛苦的;辛酸的(bitter experience 痛苦经历);adj. 严寒的(a bitter wind 刺骨的寒风);adj. 激烈的(a bitter quarrel 激烈的争吵)
高频短语
to the bitter end 坚持到底;bitter cold 严寒;a bitter pill (to swallow) 苦果;难堪的事;bitterly disappointed 深感失望
常见句型
bitterly + adj./v. 极其……;It is bitterly cold. 天气严寒。
6
shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 羞愧;羞耻;遗憾 v. 使羞愧
派生词
shameful adj. 可耻的;shameless adj. 无耻的;ashamed adj. 羞愧的
一词多义
n. 羞愧;羞耻(feel shame 感到羞愧);n. 遗憾;可惜(What a shame! 真遗憾!);v. 使羞愧;使丢脸
高频短语
What a shame! 真遗憾!;It's a shame to do sth. 做某事真是遗憾;put sb. to shame 使某人相形见绌;shame sb. into doing 使某人羞愧而做
常见句型
It's a shame that ... 真是遗憾……;What a shame to do sth. 做某事真是遗憾/太可惜了
7
regardless /rɪˈɡɑːdləs/ adv. 不顾;不管;无论如何
派生词
regard v. 看待,尊重
一词多义
adv. 不加理会地(regardless of 不管);adv. 无论如何(口语,不带 of)
高频短语
regardless of 不管;不顾;regardless of the consequences 不顾后果;continue regardless 不顾一切地继续
常见句型
regardless of sth. 不管……(后接名词/wh-从句)
8
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心;自信;信任
派生词
confident adj. 自信的,有把握的;confidential adj. 机密的;confidently adv. 自信地
一词多义
n. 信心;自信(have confidence in 对……有信心);n. 信任,信赖(place confidence in sb. 信任某人);n. 秘密(a confidence 秘密)
高频短语
have confidence in 对……有信心;with confidence 自信地;lose confidence 失去信心;in confidence 私下地;秘密地;build up one's confidence 树立信心
常见句型
have confidence in sb./sth. 信任/对……有信心;be confident that ... 确信……
9
amaze /əˈmeɪz/ v. 使吃惊;使惊奇
派生词
amazing adj. 令人惊奇的;amazed adj. 感到惊奇的;amazement n. 惊奇,惊讶
一词多义
—
高频短语
be amazed at/by 对……感到惊奇;to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是;in amazement 惊奇地;amaze sb. with sth. 用……使某人惊奇
常见句型
It amazes sb. that ... 使某人惊奇的是……;be amazed to do sth. 惊奇地做某事
10
negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的;负面的;否定的;阴性的 n. 否定;负数
派生词
negatively adv. 消极地,否定地;negativity n. 消极性,否定性
一词多义
adj. 消极的;负面的(negative attitude 消极态度);adj. 否定的(a negative answer 否定的回答);adj. 阴性的(反义 positive)
高频短语
a negative attitude 消极的态度;have a negative effect on 对……有负面影响;in the negative 否定地
常见句型
have a negative effect on sth. 对……有负面影响;be negative about sth. 对……持消极态度
11
cautious /ˈkɔːʃəs/ adj. 谨慎的;小心的
派生词
caution n. 谨慎 v. 警告;cautiously adv. 谨慎地;cautiousness n. 谨慎
一词多义
adj. 谨慎的,小心的(be cautious about/of 对……谨慎)
高频短语
be cautious about/of 对……谨慎;be cautious about doing sth. 谨慎做某事;with caution 谨慎地;exercise caution 谨慎行事
常见句型
be cautious about/of sth. 对……谨慎;It is cautious of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很谨慎
12
astonish /əˈstɒnɪʃ/ v. 使惊讶;使吃惊
派生词
astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的;astonished adj. 感到惊讶的;astonishment n. 惊讶
一词多义
—
高频短语
be astonished at/by 对……感到惊讶;to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是;in astonishment 惊讶地
常见句型
It astonishes sb. that ... 使某人惊讶的是……;be astonished to do sth. 惊讶地做某事
13
guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ v. 保证;担保 n. 保证;担保;保证书
派生词
guarantor n. 担保人;guaranteed adj. 有保证的
一词多义
v. 保证(guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事);v. 担保(guarantee sth. 担保某物);n. 保证书(a guarantee 保修单)
高频短语
guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事;guarantee sb. sth. 向某人保证某事;under guarantee 在保修期内;a guarantee of 对……的保证
常见句型
guarantee that ... 保证……;be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事
14
abandon /əˈbændən/ v. 放弃;抛弃;遗弃
派生词
abandonment n. 抛弃,放弃;abandoned adj. 被遗弃的,无拘束的
一词多义
v. 抛弃;遗弃(abandon sb./sth. 抛弃某人/某物);v. 放弃(abandon a plan 放弃计划);v. 放纵(abandon oneself to 沉溺于)
高频短语
abandon oneself to 沉溺于……;abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事;abandon ship 弃船;逃跑;with abandon 放纵地;尽情地
常见句型
abandon oneself to doing sth. 沉溺于做某事
15
charm /tʃɑːm/ n. 魅力;吸引力;魔力 v. 迷住;吸引
派生词
charming adj. 迷人的,有魅力的;charmingly adv. 迷人地;charmer n. 有魅力的人
一词多义
n. 魅力;吸引力(the charm of ... 的魅力);n. 魔力;符咒(a good luck charm 护身符);v. 迷住;吸引(charm sb. 迷住某人)
高频短语
the charm of ... ……的魅力;like a charm 十分奏效地;charm sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事;work one's charm on 施展魅力于
常见句型
the charm of sth. ……的魅力
16
guilty /ˈɡɪlti/ adj. 内疚的;有罪的;犯罪的
派生词
guilt n. 罪行,内疚;guiltily adv. 内疚地;guiltless adj. 无罪的
一词多义
adj. 内疚的(feel guilty about 对……内疚);adj. 有罪的(be guilty of 犯……罪)
高频短语
be guilty of 犯……罪;有……过错;feel guilty about 对……感到内疚;be found guilty 被判有罪;a guilty conscience 问心有愧
常见句型
be guilty of sth. 犯……罪;feel guilty about/for sth. 对……感到内疚
17
moral /ˈmɒrəl/ adj. 道德的;道义上的 n. 寓意;道德准则
派生词
morally adv. 道德上;morality n. 道德,美德;moralise v. 说教
一词多义
adj. 道德的(moral standards 道德标准);n. 寓意;教训(the moral of the story 故事的寓意);n. 道德准则(常用复数 morals)
高频短语
moral standards 道德标准;moral support 精神支持;the moral of the story 故事的寓意;moral sense 道德感
常见句型
the moral of the story is that ... 这个故事的寓意是……
18
unwilling /ˌʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 不愿意的;勉强的
派生词
unwillingly adv. 不情愿地;unwillingness n. 不情愿;willing adj. 愿意的
一词多义
—
高频短语
be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事;be unwilling for sb. to do sth. 不愿某人做某事;unwilling to accept 不愿接受
常见句型
—
19
curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心;求知欲;奇物
派生词
curious adj. 好奇的,奇怪的;curiously adv. 好奇地
一词多义
n. 好奇心(out of curiosity 出于好奇);n. 奇物;珍品(a curiosity 稀奇之物)
高频短语
out of curiosity 出于好奇;satisfy one's curiosity 满足好奇心;arouse one's curiosity 引起好奇心;with curiosity 好奇地
常见句型
It is a curiosity that ... 奇怪的是……
20
humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ n. 幽默;幽默感;情绪 v. 迁就;顺从
派生词
humorous adj. 幽默的;humorously adv. 幽默地;humorist n. 幽默作家
一词多义
n. 幽默;幽默感(sense of humour 幽默感);n. 情绪;心情(in good humour 心情好);v. 迁就;顺从(humour sb. 迁就某人)
高频短语
sense of humour 幽默感;in a good/bad humour 心情好/不好;out of humour 情绪不佳
常见句型
have a sense of humour 有幽默感;in a good humour 心情愉快
21
optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的;抱乐观看法的
派生词
optimism n. 乐观主义;optimist n. 乐观主义者;optimistically adv. 乐观地
一词多义
—
高频短语
be optimistic about sth. 对……乐观;an optimistic outlook 乐观的前景;be optimistic that ... 对……乐观
常见句型
—
22
addiction /əˈdɪkʃn/ n. 上瘾;沉溺;嗜好
派生词
addict n. 上瘾者 v. 使上瘾;addicted adj. 上瘾的,沉迷的;addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
一词多义
—
高频短语
addiction to sth. 对……上瘾;be addicted to 沉迷于;对……上瘾;drug addiction 毒瘾;overcome an addiction 戒除瘾
常见句型
be addicted to doing sth. 沉迷于做某事
23
resist /rɪˈzɪst/ v. 抵制;抵抗;忍住;抗拒
派生词
resistance n. 抵抗,反抗;resistant adj. 抵抗的,有抵抗力的;resistible adj. 可抵抗的
一词多义
v. 抵制;抵抗(resist sth. 抵制某物);v. 忍住(can't resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事)
高频短语
resist doing sth. 忍住不做某事;can't resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事;resist the temptation 抵制诱惑;be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
常见句型
resist sth./doing sth.(后接名词或动名词,不接不定式)抵制某物,忍住不做某事
24
ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/ n. 雄心;抱负;野心
派生词
ambitious adj. 有雄心的,有野心的;ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地
一词多义
n. 雄心;抱负(achieve one's ambition 实现抱负);n. 野心(political ambition 政治野心)
高频短语
achieve/realise one's ambition 实现抱负;be full of ambition 雄心勃勃;one's ambition to do sth. 做某事的抱负;the height of one's ambition 最大心愿
常见句型
be ambitious to do sth. 渴望做某事
25
tough /tʌf/ adj. 艰难的;棘手的;坚韧的;强硬的
派生词
toughly adv. 强硬地;toughness n. 坚韧,强硬;toughen v. 使坚韧,使强硬
一词多义
adj. 艰难的;棘手的(a tough task 艰难的任务);adj. 坚韧的;吃苦耐劳的(as tough as nails 坚强的);adj. 强硬的(a tough policy 强硬政策)
高频短语
a tough task 艰难的任务;tough it out 坚持到底;get tough with 对……采取强硬态度;tough luck 运气不好
常见句型
It is tough to do sth. 做某事很艰难;be tough on sb. 对某人严厉
26
cheat /tʃiːt/ n. 骗子;作弊者 v. 欺骗;作弊;骗取
派生词
cheating n. 作弊;cheater n. 骗子,作弊者
一词多义
v. 欺骗(cheat sb. 欺骗某人);v. 作弊(cheat in the exam 考试作弊);n. 骗子(a cheat 骗子)
高频短语
cheat sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物;cheat in the exam 考试作弊;cheat on sb. 对某人不忠;cheat death 死里逃生
常见句型
cheat at/in sth. 在……中作弊
27
approve /əˈpruːv/ v. 赞同;同意;批准;赞成
派生词
approval n. 赞同,批准;approving adj. 赞许的;disapprove v. 不赞成
一词多义
v. 赞同;赞成(approve of 赞成);v. 批准;通过(approve a plan 批准计划)
高频短语
approve of 赞成;同意;approve of doing sth. 赞成做某事;give one's approval 表示赞同;meet with sb.'s approval 得到某人赞同
常见句型
approve of sth./doing sth.(of 为介词);approve sth. 批准某事(无 of,表批准)
28
impractical /ɪmˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 不切实际的;不实用的
派生词
practical adj. 实际的,实用的;practically adv. 实际上,几乎;practicality n. 实用性;practise v. 练习
一词多义
—
高频短语
an impractical plan 不切实际的计划;be impractical to do sth. 做某事不实际;impractical for 对……不实用
常见句型
It is impractical to do sth. 做某事不切实际;be impractical for sb. 对某人不实用
29
critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. 批评的;批判的;决定性的;危急的
派生词
criticise v. 批评,批判;criticism n. 批评,评论;critic n. 批评家,评论家;critically adv. 批判地,关键地
一词多义
adj. 批评的;批判的(be critical of 对……挑剔);adj. 决定性的;关键的(a critical moment 关键时刻);adj. 危急的(in a critical condition 病情危急)
高频短语
be critical of 对……批评;对……挑剔;a critical moment 关键时刻;of critical importance 至关重要的;critical thinking 批判性思维
常见句型
be critical of sb./sth. 对……批评;It is critical that sb. (should) do sth. 重要的是……
30
assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定;设想;认为;承担;呈现
派生词
assumption n. 假定,假设;assuming conj. 假如;assumed adj. 假定的
一词多义
v. 假定;认为(assume that 假定……);v. 承担(assume responsibility 承担责任);v. 呈现;假装(assume an air of 装出……的样子)
高频短语
assume that ... 假定……;assume responsibility 承担责任;assume an air of 装出……的样子;let us assume 假设
常见句型
It is assumed that ... 据推测……;assume sb. to be ... 认为某人是……
31
uncertain /ʌnˈsɜːtn/ adj. 不确定的;无把握的;变化的
派生词
uncertainty n. 不确定性,不确定;uncertainly adv. 不确定地;certain adj. 确定的
一词多义
adj. 不确定的(be uncertain about 对……不确定);adj. 变化无常的(uncertain weather 多变的天气)
高频短语
be uncertain about/of 对……没把握;in no uncertain terms 明确地;直截了当地;an uncertain future 不确定的未来
常见句型
be uncertain about/of sth. 对……没把握;be uncertain whether/wh- to do 不确定是否/如何做……
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Group 3 词汇练习巩固
(做人与做事 · 共31词)
教师版(含答案与解析)
Part 1词性转化(默写)
根据中文提示,在横线上写出对应的英语单词。
1. adv. faithfully(忠实地;忠诚地) adj. faithful(忠实的;忠诚的) n. faithfulness(忠实;忠诚) n. faith(信仰;信任)
2. adj. reliable(可靠的;可信赖的) v. rely(依赖;依靠) adv. reliably(可靠地) n. reliability(可靠性)
3. adj. mistaken(错误的;弄错的) n./v. mistake(错误;弄错) adv. mistakenly(错误地)
4. adj. ordinary(普通的;平凡的) adv. ordinarily(通常;平常地)
5. adj. bitter(苦的;痛苦的) adv. bitterly(痛苦地;激烈地) n. bitterness(苦味;痛苦)
6. n./v. shame(羞愧;使羞愧) adj. shameful(可耻的) adj. shameless(无耻的) adj. ashamed(羞愧的)
7. adv. regardless(不管;不顾) v. regard(看待;尊重)
8. n. confidence(信心;信任) adj. confident(自信的;有把握的) adj. confidential(机密的) adv. confidently(自信地)
9. v. amaze(使惊奇) adj. amazing(令人惊奇的) adj. amazed(感到惊奇的) n. amazement(惊奇;惊讶)
10. adj./n. negative(消极的;否定的) adv. negatively(消极地;否定地) n. negativity(消极性)
11. adj. cautious(谨慎的;小心的) n./v. caution(谨慎;警告) adv. cautiously(谨慎地)
12. v. astonish(使惊讶) adj. astonishing(令人惊讶的) adj. astonished(感到惊讶的) n. astonishment(惊讶)
13. v./n. guarantee(保证;担保) adj. guaranteed(有保证的)
14. v. abandon(放弃;抛弃) adj. abandoned(被遗弃的) n. abandonment(抛弃;放弃)
15. n./v. charm(魅力;迷住) adj. charming(迷人的) adv. charmingly(迷人地)
16. adj. guilty(内疚的;有罪的) n. guilt(内疚;罪行) adv. guiltily(内疚地)
17. adj./n. moral(道德的;寓意) adv. morally(道德上) n. morality(道德;美德)
18. adj. unwilling(不愿意的) adj. willing(愿意的) adv. unwillingly(不情愿地) n. unwillingness(不情愿)
19. n. curiosity(好奇心;奇物) adj. curious(好奇的;奇怪的) adv. curiously(好奇地)
20. n./v. humour(幽默;迁就) adj. humorous(幽默的) adv. humorously(幽默地)
21. adj. optimistic(乐观的) n. optimism(乐观主义) n. optimist(乐观主义者) adv. optimistically(乐观地)
22. n. addiction(上瘾;沉溺) n./v. addict(上瘾者;使上瘾) adj. addicted(上瘾的;沉迷的) adj. addictive(使人上瘾的)
23. v. resist(抵制;抵抗) n. resistance(抵抗;反抗) adj. resistant(有抵抗力的)
24. n. ambition(雄心;抱负) adj. ambitious(有雄心的) adv. ambitiously(雄心勃勃地)
25. adj. tough(艰难的;坚韧的) n. toughness(坚韧;强硬) v. toughen(使坚韧)
26. n./v. cheat(骗子;欺骗) n. cheating(作弊)
27. v. approve(赞同;批准) n. approval(赞同;批准) adj. approving(赞许的) v. disapprove(不赞成)
28. adj. impractical(不切实际的) adj. practical(实际的;实用的) adv. practically(实际上;几乎) n. practicality(实用性)
29. adj. critical(批评的;关键的) v. criticise(批评;批判) n. criticism(批评;评论) n. critic(批评家;评论家) adv. critically(批判地;关键地)
30. v. assume(假定;承担) n. assumption(假定;假设) adj. assumed(假定的)
31. adj. uncertain(不确定的) adj. certain(确定的) n. uncertainty(不确定性) adv. uncertainly(不确定地)
Part 2一词多义(熟词生义猜义)
读句子,判断其中加粗单词在句中的意思,写出汉语意思。
1. If you think money can buy happiness, you are seriously mistaken.
句中意思:弄错的(常义“错误的”→ 与人连用时指“(人)弄错的、搞错了)
2. They waited for the bus in the bitter wind, hoping it would come soon.
句中意思:严寒的;刺骨的(常义“苦的”→ 此处形容天气“严寒的、刺骨的)
3. It’s a shame that you can’t come to the party — we’ll really miss you.
句中意思:遗憾;可惜(常义“羞愧”→ 此处指“遗憾、可惜)
4. She told me the secret in strict confidence, so I can’t repeat it.
句中意思:秘密;私下(常义“信心”→ in confidence 表示“私下地、当作秘密)
5. The doctor said his blood test was negative, so there was nothing to worry about.
句中意思:阴性的(常义“消极的”→ 医学检测中指“阴性的)
6. The phone is still under guarantee, so the repair will cost you nothing.
句中意思:保修;保修单(常义“保证”→ 名词指“保修(期)、保修单)
7. The children sang and danced with abandon at the festival, forgetting all their worries.
句中意思:尽情;放纵(常义“放弃、抛弃”→ with abandon 意为“尽情地、放纵地)
8. She kept a small good-luck charm in her pocket during the exam.
句中意思:护身符;魔力(常义“魅力”→ 此处指“护身符、(有魔力的)吉祥物)
9. The young man was found guilty of stealing money from the company.
句中意思:有罪的(常义“内疚的”→ be found guilty of 意为“被判有……罪)
10. The moral of the fable is that honesty always pays off in the end.
句中意思:寓意;教训(常义“道德的”→ 名词指“(故事的)寓意、教训)
11. The old teapot looked worthless, but it turned out to be a curiosity worth a fortune.
句中意思:珍品;稀奇之物(常义“好奇心”→ 可数名词指“奇物、珍品)
12. Grandpa is tired today, so please humour him and don’t argue with him.
句中意思:迁就;顺从(常义“幽默”→ 作动词指“迁就、顺从(某人))
13. The government promised to get tough with companies that pollute the river.
句中意思:强硬的;严厉的(常义“艰难的”→ get tough with 指“对……采取强硬态度)
14. This is a critical moment for our team — one more goal will decide the match.
句中意思:关键的;决定性的(常义“批评的”→ 此处指“关键的、决定性的)
15. When the manager fell ill, his assistant had to assume responsibility for the whole project.
句中意思:承担(常义“假定、认为”→ 此处指“承担(责任))
Part 3单句语法填空
在横线上填入括号内所给词的适当形式。
1. Astonished (astonish) at the news, the whole family fell silent.【过去分词作状语;主语 the family 与 astonish 是被动关系】
2. Charmed (charm) by the friendly villagers, we decided to stay longer.【过去分词作状语,表示“被……吸引”】
3. Amazed (amaze) at how fast the city had changed, the old man kept shaking his head.【过去分词作状语,表示“感到惊奇”】
4. The boy kept humouring (humour) his little sister until she stopped crying.【keep doing sth.,后接动名词作宾语】
5. The student was caught cheating (cheat) in the final exam.【be caught doing sth. 被抓住正在做某事,用现在分词】
6. Abandoned (abandon) by its owner, the dog wandered in the streets for months.【过去分词作状语,表示“被遗弃”】
7. Assuming (assume) that everyone agrees, the plan seems perfect.【assuming that... 意为“假定……”,用现在分词作状语】
8. She sat by the window, resisting (resist) the urge to check her phone.【现在分词作伴随状语,与主语为主动关系】
9. The magician is said to have charmed (charm) the whole audience last night.【be said to have done 结构;动作发生在谓语之前,用完成式不定式】
10. Addicted (addict) to mobile games, many teenagers ignore their studies.【过去分词作状语,表示状态“沉迷于”】
11. The new machine is guaranteed (guarantee) for two years, so you needn’t worry about repairs.【一般现在时被动语态,表示“有保修”】
12. The new policy was approved (approve) by the board last week.【一般过去时被动语态(last week)】
13. Since last year, hundreds of villagers have been cheated (cheat) out of their savings.【since + 现在完成时被动语态】
14. It is assumed (assume) that the project will be finished on time.【It is assumed that... 固定结构,一般现在时被动】
15. By the time it was pulled down, the old theatre had been abandoned (abandon) for years.【by the time + 过去完成时被动语态】
16. No good result can be guaranteed (guarantee) without hard work.【can + be done,情态动词后的被动语态】
17. We were amazed (amaze) by the beauty of the sunrise that morning.【一般过去时被动语态(that morning)】
18. The proposal was resisted (resist) by the local farmers at yesterday’s meeting.【一般过去时被动语态(yesterday’s meeting)】
19. Her unwillingness (unwilling) to take risks cost her a golden chance.【形容词变名词,作主语】
20. The uncertainty (uncertain) of the weather made the trip risky.【形容词变名词,作主语】
21. It is impractical (practical) to master a foreign language in a month.【加否定前缀 im-,表示“不切实际的”】
22. Her parents showed clear disapproval (approve) of her decision to quit school.【加否定前缀 dis- 变名词,表示“不赞成”】
23. They seriously questioned the morality (moral) of the decision.【形容词变名词,意为“道德性、正当性”】
24. Experts doubted the reliability (rely) of the survey.【动词变名词,表示“可靠性”】
25. Before carrying out the plan, we must consider its practicality (practical) carefully.【形容词变名词,表示“可行性、实用性”】
26. After being cheated (cheat) by the online seller, she learned to be more careful.【after + 动名词被动式 being done,表示“被骗之后”】
27. Despite being resisted (resist) at first, the plan was finally accepted.【介词 despite + 动名词被动式 being done】
28. The old factory is expected to be abandoned (abandon) by the end of this year.【be expected to be done;by the end of this year 表将来,用不定式一般式被动】
29. The budget is believed to have been approved (approve) last month.【be believed to have been done;last month 表动作先于谓语,用不定式完成式被动】
30. The old man is believed to have been cheated (cheat) out of his savings years ago.【be believed to have been done;完成式被动不定式,表被动且先于谓语】
Part 4高频表达(短语句型译英)
根据中文,写出对应的英语短语或句型。
1. 依赖,依靠→rely on
2. 依靠某人做某事→rely on sb. to do sth.
3. 弄错……→be mistaken about
4. 不寻常的→out of the ordinary
5. 深感失望→bitterly disappointed
6. 真遗憾!→What a shame!
7. 不管;不顾→regardless of
8. 对……有信心→have confidence in
9. 给某人树立信心→build up one’s confidence
10. 令某人惊奇的是→to one’s amazement
11. 对……有负面影响→have a negative effect on
12. 对……谨慎→be cautious about/of
13. 令某人惊讶的是→to one’s astonishment
14. 在保修期内→under guarantee
15. 沉溺于……→abandon oneself to
16. ……的魅力→the charm of
17. 对……感到内疚→feel guilty about
18. 故事的寓意→the moral of the story
19. 不愿做某事→be unwilling to do sth.
20. 出于好奇→out of curiosity
21. 幽默感→sense of humour
22. 对……乐观→be optimistic about
23. 沉迷于(做)某事→be addicted to (doing) sth.
24. 抵制诱惑→resist the temptation
25. 实现抱负→realise one’s ambition
26. 对……采取强硬态度→get tough with
27. 在考试中作弊→cheat in the exam
28. 赞成;同意→approve of
29. 不切实际的计划→an impractical plan
30. 对……批评;挑剔→be critical of
31. 承担责任→assume responsibility
32. 对……没把握→be uncertain about
33. 忍不住做某事→can’t resist doing sth.
34. 十分奏效地→like a charm
35. 关键时刻→a critical moment
Part 5应用文语境小短文
根据上下文与括号中文提示,在横线上填入短语或句型。
A篇书信(致学弟学妹)
Dear fellow students,
Welcome to our school! As a senior, I’d like to share some study tips with you. First, have confidence in (对……有信心) yourself, and stay optimistic about (对……乐观) your progress. What a shame (真遗憾) to give up so easily! Study out of curiosity (出于好奇) rather than just for tests, and learn to resist the temptation (抵制诱惑) of endless games. Never be addicted to (沉迷于) mobile phones.
Improving English may be a tough task (艰难的任务), but don’t rely on (依赖) others too much. Assume responsibility (承担责任) for your own study. Being unwilling to (不愿做某事) try new things will only slow you down. Remember, the moral (寓意) is that persistence pays off. In short, build up your confidence (树立信心) and keep moving forward.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案:1. have confidence in2. optimistic about3. What a shame4. out of curiosity5. resist the temptation6. be addicted to7. a tough task8. rely on9. assume responsibility10. unwilling to11. The moral12. build up your confidence
B篇书信(致老师·感谢)
Dear Ms Wang,
I’m writing to thank you for your teaching. I’m still amazed at (对……感到惊奇) the energy you bring to every class. Your sense of humour (幽默感) made grammar lessons lively. You taught us to be cautious about (对……谨慎) our words, yet never to be critical of (对……批评) others. Regardless of (不管) the difficulties we met, you kept cheering us on. I once felt guilty about (对……感到内疚) my careless mistakes.
But you always approved of (赞成) our new ideas and gave us courage. Thanks to you, I saw the charm of (……的魅力) learning. Your advice worked like a charm (十分奏效). With your help, I realised my ambition (实现抱负) to study abroad. I used to be mistaken about (弄错……) my own ability, but no longer. I guarantee to (保证做某事) study harder and never let you down.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案:1. amazed at2. sense of humour3. cautious about4. critical of5. Regardless of6. felt guilty about7. approved of8. the charm of9. like a charm10. realised my ambition11. mistaken about12. guarantee to
Group 3 词汇练习巩固 · 教师版 · 第 页
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