期中重难点易错精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

八年级英语（外研版）上学期期中重难点易错精讲精练 考查范围：Unit 1 This is me　Unit 2 Getting along　Unit 3 Make it happen! 第一部分　易错重难点精讲 Unit 1　This is me 【核心词汇】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 suppose v. 想；认为 birthmark n. 胎记 bright adj. 鲜艳的；明亮的 strawberry n. 草莓 crowded adj. 拥挤的 disaster n. 灾难；不幸 therefore adv. 因此；所以 cover v. 遮盖；覆盖 instead adv. 代替；而不是 although conj. 虽然；尽管 difference n. 差异；不同 confident adj. 自信的 excellent adj. 极好的 doubt n./v. 怀疑 fear n./v. 恐惧；害怕 succeed v. 成功 satisfied adj. 满意的 value v. 重视 n. 价值 teenager n. 青少年 character n. 性格；角色 height n. 身高；高度 perfect adj. 完美的 quality n. 品质；质量 consider v. 考虑 【重点短语】 suppose sb/sth to be 认为某人或某物是…… search for 寻找；搜寻 stick to 坚持；遵守 hold back 阻碍；抑制 feel like 感觉像；想要 instead of 代替；而不是 in crowded places 在拥挤的地方 be satisfied with 对……满意 be proud of 为……骄傲 think about 考虑 【易错重难点】 1. 现在完成时的构成与基本用法 【要点】现在完成时由 have 或 has 加过去分词构成，主语是第三人称单数时用 has。它表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 【易错提醒】过去分词不等于过去式，go 的过去式是 went、过去分词是 gone；不规则动词的过去分词须逐个记忆。 【典型例题】I ______ already ______ my homework, so I can watch TV now. A. have; finished B. has; finished C. have; finish D. did; finish 【答案】A 【解析】already 是现在完成时的标志词，主语 I 用 have，其后接过去分词 finished。 2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 【要点】现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响，不能与表示过去的具体时间状语连用；一般过去时只陈述过去发生的动作，常与明确的过去时间状语连用。 【易错提醒】句中出现 yesterday、last week、just now、in 2020 等时间状语时，必须用一般过去时。 【典型例题】My sister ______ to Beijing last summer. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 【答案】C 【解析】last summer 是明确的过去时间状语，须用一般过去时 went。 3. already、yet 与 just 的位置与用法 【要点】already 用于肯定句，常位于 have 或 has 之后；yet 用于否定句和疑问句，位于句末；just 表示“刚刚”，位于 have 或 has 之后。 【易错提醒】already 一般不用在否定句中；yet 在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还（没）”。 【典型例题】—Have you finished your homework ______? —No, not ______. A. already; already B. yet; yet C. yet; already D. already; yet 【答案】B 【解析】疑问句和否定句中均用 yet，前者意为“已经”，后者意为“还（没）”。 4. have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 【要点】have been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，人已经回来；have gone to 表示“已经去了某地”，人不在这里，可能在途中或已到达。 【易错提醒】have gone to 不能与表示次数的词（twice、three times）连用。 【典型例题】—Where is Tom? —He ______ the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to 【答案】B 【解析】Tom 不在说话现场，表示“已经去了图书馆”，主语是第三人称单数，用 has gone to。 5. feel like 后接动名词 【要点】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，相当于 want to do sth 或 would like to do sth；表示“感觉像”时后接名词。 【易错提醒】feel like 后不能接动词原形，也不能接动词不定式。 【典型例题】I feel like ______ a walk after dinner. A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take 【答案】C 【解析】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，故用 taking。 6. instead 与 instead of 的区别 【要点】instead 是副词，常位于句末；instead of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词。 【易错提醒】instead of 后接动词时须用动名词，不能接动词原形。 【典型例题】He didn't go to the park. He stayed at home ______. A. instead B. instead of C. instead for D. instead with 【答案】A 【解析】句末独立使用副词 instead，表示“而是；代替”。 7. although 与 but 不能连用 【要点】although 意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；汉语中“虽然……但是……”连用，英语中 although 与 but 只能保留一个。 【易错提醒】although 与 but 不能出现在同一个句子中，但 although 可与 yet、still 连用。 【典型例题】______ he was very tired, he kept working. A. Although B. But C. Because D. So 【答案】A 【解析】句意为“虽然他非常累，但他继续工作”，用 Although 引导让步状语从句。 8. suppose sb/sth to be 的用法 【要点】suppose sb/sth to be 意为“认为某人或某物是……”；suppose 后也可接 that 从句。 【易错提醒】suppose 后接不定式时常用 to be 结构；表示否定看法时习惯说 I don't suppose...，否定前移。 【典型例题】I suppose the story ______ very interesting. A. is B. to be C. be D. being 【答案】B 【解析】suppose sb/sth to be 是固定搭配，故用 to be。 Unit 2　Getting along 【核心词汇】 selfish adj. 自私的 giant n. 巨人 shout v. 大声说；喊叫 share v. 分享；共用 forgive v. 原谅 knock v. 敲；击 allow v. 允许 wonder v. 想知道 gentle adj. 温和的 wise adj. 明智的 treasure n. 珍宝 fence n. 篱笆；围栏 neighbour n. 邻居 quarrel v./n. 争吵 generous adj. 慷慨的 harmony n. 和谐 【重点短语】 get along with 与……相处 share sth with sb 与某人分享某物 shout at sb 冲某人喊 shout to sb 大声喊某人 knock at 敲（门、窗） allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be angry with sb 生某人的气 in harmony 和谐相处 make friends with 与……交朋友 take care of 照顾 【易错重难点】 1. since 与 for 的区别 【要点】since 后接时间点（具体时刻、日期或某事件），for 后接时间段（数词加时间单位）。 【易错提醒】since 后可接从句，从句用一般过去时；for 后必须接表示一段时间的短语。 【典型例题】My uncle has lived in this city ______ ten years. A. since B. for C. in D. at 【答案】B 【解析】ten years 是时间段，用 for。 2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换 【要点】现在完成时与 since、for 连用时，谓语必须用延续性动词；非延续性动词须转换为相应的延续性表达。 【易错提醒】buy 转换为 have，borrow 转换为 keep，come 转换为 be here，leave 转换为 be away，die 转换为 be dead。 【典型例题】He ______ this bike for three years. A. has bought B. has had C. bought D. buys 【答案】B 【解析】for three years 表示一段时间，须用延续性动词 have，故用 has had。 3. 现在完成时的否定句与一般疑问句 【要点】否定句在 have 或 has 后加 not；一般疑问句把 have 或 has 提到句首，肯定答语用 Yes, ... have/has.，否定答语用 No, ... haven't/hasn't.。 【易错提醒】答语中的助动词须与问句一致；have 作实义动词时，疑问句和否定句要用 do 或 does。 【典型例题】—______ your brother finished his homework? —No, he ______. A. Have; hasn't B. Has; hasn't C. Has; haven't D. Have; haven't 【答案】B 【解析】主语 your brother 是第三人称单数，问句用 Has，答语用 hasn't。 4. shout at 与 shout to 的区别 【要点】shout at sb 表示“冲某人喊”，含生气、责备的意味；shout to sb 表示“大声喊某人”，目的是让对方听见。 【易错提醒】须根据语境选择介词，不能一律用 at。 【典型例题】Don't ______ your parents. It's not polite. A. shout at B. shout to C. shout for D. shout with 【答案】A 【解析】句意为“不要冲你的父母大喊，这不礼貌”，含责备意味，用 shout at。 5. allow sb to do sth 的用法 【要点】allow sb to do sth 意为“允许某人做某事”；被动结构为 sb be allowed to do sth。 【易错提醒】allow 后接动名词时用 allow doing sth，不能接动词不定式。 【典型例题】My parents don't allow me ______ out at night. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 【答案】B 【解析】allow sb to do sth 是固定结构，故用 to go。 6. share sth with sb 的用法 【要点】share sth with sb 意为“与某人分享某物”，介词用 with。 【易错提醒】share 后不能接 to sb；share in sth 表示“分担某事”。 【典型例题】The little girl often shares her toys ______ her friends. A. to B. with C. for D. of 【答案】B 【解析】share sth with sb 是固定搭配，介词用 with。 7. get along with 的用法 【要点】get along with sb 意为“与某人相处”，也可说 get on with sb；表示“相处融洽”时在中间加 well。 【易错提醒】get along with 中的 with 不能省略；get along 单独使用时可表示“进展”。 【典型例题】How do you ______ your new classmates? A. get along with B. get along C. get with D. get on 【答案】A 【解析】get along with sb 意为“与某人相处”，with 不能省略。 8. be angry with sb 与 be angry at sth 的区别 【要点】be angry with sb 表示“生某人的气”；be angry at 或 be angry about sth 表示“因某事而生气”。 【易错提醒】介词搭配不能混用；angry 的比较级是 angrier。 【典型例题】My mother was angry ______ me because I broke the cup. A. at B. with C. for D. on 【答案】B 【解析】空后是人 me，用 be angry with sb。 Unit 3　Make it happen! 【核心词汇】 fair n. 展览会；集市 invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 improve v. 改进；提高 create v. 创造 design v./n. 设计 solve v. 解决 challenge n. 挑战 achieve v. 实现；达到 patient adj. 有耐心的 curious adj. 好奇的 determined adj. 坚定的 creative adj. 有创造力的 experiment n. 实验 discover v. 发现 【重点短语】 a science fair 科学展览会 come up with 想出；提出 try out 试验 give up 放弃 make a difference 有影响；起作用 work out 解决；算出 take part in 参加 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be proud of 为……骄傲 keep on doing sth 继续做某事 【易错重难点】 1. 动词不定式作宾语 【要点】decide、hope、plan、want、agree、would like 等动词后接动词不定式作宾语。 【易错提醒】这些动词后不能接动名词；不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。 【典型例题】They decided ______ a new machine for the science fair. A. design B. designing C. to design D. designed 【答案】C 【解析】decide 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to design。 2. 动词不定式作目的状语 【要点】动词不定式可作目的状语，表示“为了……”，可与 in order to do 互换。 【易错提醒】目的状语的不定式通常位于句末，也可置于句首并用逗号与主句隔开。 【典型例题】He got up early ______ the first bus. A. catch B. catching C. to catch D. caught 【答案】C 【解析】空处表示“为了赶上第一班公交车”，用动词不定式作目的状语。 3. 动名词作主语 【要点】动名词可作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。 【易错提醒】动名词作主语时不能再用动词原形开头；动名词与不定式作主语意思相近，动名词更强调一般性行为。 【典型例题】______ English every day is important for us. A. Read B. Reading C. To reading D. Reads 【答案】B 【解析】空处作主语，用动名词 Reading，谓语动词用 is。 4. 常接动名词的动词 【要点】enjoy、finish、practise、mind、keep 等动词后接动名词作宾语。 【易错提醒】finish 后不能接动词不定式；practise 后接动名词，不能说 practise to do。 【典型例题】My brother enjoys ______ model planes in his free time. A. make B. makes C. making D. made 【答案】C 【解析】enjoy 后接动名词作宾语，故用 making。 5. 常接动词不定式的动词 【要点】decide、hope、plan、want、agree、refuse、promise 等动词后接动词不定式。 【易错提醒】hope 后不能接 sb to do sth，应说 hope to do sth 或 hope 加 that 从句。 【典型例题】I hope ______ my dream one day. A. achieve B. achieving C. to achieve D. achieved 【答案】C 【解析】hope 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to achieve。 6. remember 与 forget 后接不定式与动名词的区别 【要点】remember to do sth 表示“记得去做某事”，事情还没做；remember doing sth 表示“记得做过某事”，事情已经做过。forget 的用法与之相反。 【易错提醒】须根据动作是否已经发生来判断用不定式还是动名词。 【典型例题】Please remember ______ the window before you leave. A. close B. closing C. to close D. closed 【答案】C 【解析】句意为“离开前记得关窗”，动作尚未发生，用 remember to do sth。 7. stop to do 与 stop doing 的区别 【要点】stop to do sth 表示“停下来去做另一件事”；stop doing sth 表示“停止正在做的事”。 【易错提醒】两者的区别在于不定式与动名词所表示的动作是否就是 stop 所涉及的对象。 【典型例题】The students stopped ______ when the teacher came in. A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked 【答案】B 【解析】句意为“老师进来时学生们停止了交谈”，停止的正是正在进行的动作，用 stop doing sth。 8. 不定式与动名词作宾语的辨析 【要点】like、love、begin、start 等动词后既可接不定式也可接动名词，意思差别不大；would like 后只能接不定式。 【易错提醒】would like to do sth 是固定搭配，不能用 would like doing sth。 【典型例题】Would you like ______ to the science museum with me? A. go B. going C. to go D. went 【答案】C 【解析】would like 后接动词不定式，故用 to go。 第二部分　专项训练 一、单词拼写 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，使句子完整、通顺。 1. I ______（认为）it is a good idea. 2. Everyone has something special and ______（不同之处）— that is what's interesting. 3. The little girl has a red ______（胎记）on her face. 4. The supermarket is very ______（拥挤的）on weekends. 5. He didn't answer my question. ______（因此），I asked again. 6. She wore a ______（鲜艳的）red dress at the party. 7. ______（虽然）he is young, he knows a lot. 8. Don't ______（遮盖）your feelings. Tell your parents the truth. 9. My sister likes ______（草莓）very much. 10. He is a ______（自信的）boy and always speaks loudly. 11. The film was ______（极好的）. We all enjoyed it. 12. There is no ______（怀疑）that he is the best player in our team. 13. We should ______（重视）our friendship. 14. Many ______（青少年）like playing computer games. 15. Her ______（身高）is 165 centimetres. 16. Nobody is ______（完美的）in the world. 17. Honesty is an important ______（品质）. 18. Please ______（考虑）my advice carefully. 19. Our team ______（成功）in winning the match last week. 20. My parents were ______（满意的）with my progress. 21. The ______（巨人）built a high wall around his garden. 22. It is not polite to ______（喊叫）at your parents. 23. I read an ______（文章）about the inventor yesterday. 24. The ______（大门）of the garden is closed. 25. Edison was a great ______（发明家）. 二、词形变化 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。 1. My father ______（be）to Beijing twice. 2. They ______（clean）the classroom already. 3. They ______（live）here since 2020. 4. He ______（buy）a new bike last week. 5. ______ you ever ______（visit）the Great Wall? 6. She ______（not see）the film yet. 7. My brother ______（join）the club two years ago. 8. We ______（know）each other for ten years. 9. The old man ______（die）for three years. 10. It is important ______（learn）English well. 11. My sister enjoys ______（read）story books. 12. Please remember ______（close）the door when you leave. 13. He stopped ______（smoke）two years ago. 14. He decided ______（take）part in the science fair. 15. ______（read）aloud is a good way to learn English. 16. My parents don't allow me ______（play）computer games. 17. He is very ______（friend）to his new classmates. 18. The boy is ______（interest）in science. 19. She sings ______（good）than her sister. 20. My hometown is ______（difference）from yours. 21. I feel like ______（have）a rest. 22. He kept ______（work）until midnight. 23. The invention made a big ______（different）to our life. 24. He is a ______（create）boy and often comes up with new ideas. 25. Edison made many ______（invent）in his life. 三、单项选择 从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Have you ever been to the science museum? —Yes, I ______ there last year. A. have been B. went C. have gone D. go 2. My cousin ______ in Shanghai since 2018. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. is living 3. —______ you ______ your homework yet? —Yes, I have. A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Do; finish D. Are; finishing 4. He ______ his homework already, so he can play now. A. finishes B. finished C. has finished D. is finishing 5. —Where is your sister? —She ______ the library. A. has been to B. goes to C. went to D. has gone to 6. He ______ this book for two weeks. A. has borrowed B. borrowed C. has kept D. keeps 7. I feel like ______ something sweet. A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. ate 8. She didn't buy the red dress. She chose the blue one ______. A. instead B. instead of C. too D. either 9. ______ he is only ten, he can cook well. A. So B. But C. Because D. Although 10. It's rude to ______ others when you are angry. A. shout at B. shout to C. shout for D. shout with 11. Our teacher doesn't let us ______ in the classroom. A. run B. to run C. running D. ran 12. The selfish giant didn't ______ the children to play in his garden. A. let B. allow C. make D. have 13. —How long have you ______ the bike? —For two years. A. bought B. got C. borrowed D. had 14. He hopes ______ a scientist in the future. A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became 15. I want ______ the new machine. A. try out B. trying out C. to try out D. tried out 16. Have you finished ______ the model plane? A. make B. making C. to make D. made 17. He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 18. It is important for us ______ English well. A. learn B. learning C. learned D. to learn 19. —Have you seen the film? —No, I ______. A. haven't B. don't C. didn't D. won't 20. The boy is ______ in science and wants to be an inventor. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interests 四、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。每个短语限用一次。be interested in　get along with　come up with　give up　instead of　be proud of　 take part in　make a difference　feel like　share... with　shout at　allow... to 1. The two sisters ______ each other very well. 2. The boy often ______ his little sister, so she is afraid of him. 3. Our teacher ______ us ______ read more books after class. 4. He is good at ______ new ideas. 5. We should never ______ when we meet difficulties. 6. My brother ______ playing basketball. 7. She drank some water ______ coffee. 8. I ______ having a rest after the long walk. 9. The new invention ______ to people's life. 10. We ______ our school football team. 11. Many students ______ the school sports meeting last week. 12. She often ______ her happiness ______ her friends. 五、句型转换 根据括号内的要求完成下列各句，每空一词。 1. He has already finished his homework.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ his homework ______. 2. They have lived here for ten years.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ they lived here? 3. My brother has been to Beijing twice.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ has your brother been to Beijing? 4. I have seen the film.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ the film? 5. She bought the bike two years ago.（改为同义句） She ______ ______ the bike for two years. 6. Tom has gone to the library.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ to the library. 7. The old man died three years ago.（改为同义句） The old man ______ ______ ______ for three years. 8. She has learned Chinese for three years.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ ______ she learned Chinese? 9. I feel like going swimming.（改为同义句） I ______ ______ go swimming. 10. He didn't watch TV. He read a book instead.（改为同义句） He read a book ______ ______ watching TV. 11. My mother allows me to play football.（改为否定句） My mother ______ ______ me to play football. 12. The giant built a high wall around his garden.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the giant ______ a high wall around his garden? 13. He is interested in science.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he interested in? 14. They decided to take part in the science fair.（改为否定句） They ______ ______ to take part in the science fair. 15. Please remember to close the door.（改为同义句，用 don't forget） Please ______ ______ ______ close the door. 六、完成句子 根据汉语意思完成下列各句，每空一词。 1. 我哥哥已经去过北京两次了。 My brother ______ ______ ______ Beijing twice. 2. 他们在这座城市住了十年了。 They ______ ______ in this city for ten years. 3. 你曾经吃过北京烤鸭吗？ ______ you ever ______ Beijing duck? 4. 他还没有完成他的作业。 He ______ ______ his homework ______. 5. 这本书我已经借了两周了。 I ______ ______ this book for two weeks. 6. 我想要喝一杯茶。 I feel like ______ a cup of tea. 7. 她没喝咖啡，而是喝了茶。 She drank tea ______ ______ coffee. 8. 虽然下雨了，但他们还是继续比赛。 ______ it was raining, they kept ______ the game. 9. 我们都认为他是个好老师。 We all ______ him ______ ______ a good teacher. 10. 老师不允许我们在教室里吃东西。 Our teacher doesn't ______ us ______ ______ in the classroom. 11. 他和他的同学们相处得很好。 He ______ ______ ______ ______ his classmates. 12. 我妹妹喜欢看故事书。 My sister enjoys ______ ______ books. 13. 他决定参加科学展览会。 He decided ______ ______ ______ in the science fair. 14. 别忘了明天把书带来。 Don't forget ______ ______ the book tomorrow. 15. 这个发明对我们的生活产生了很大影响。 The invention ______ ______ ______ ______ to our life. 七、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Hello, everyone! I'm Li Ming. I have (1)______（be）a middle school student for two years. I still remember my first day at junior high school. At that time, I was very shy. I (2)______（not know）how to get along with my new classmates. But my teacher, Miss Zhang, was very kind. She often encouraged me (3)______（speak）in class. With her help, I have made great progress. Now I have many friends. I get along (4)______（good）with them. We often share our ideas (5)______ each other. My best friend Wang Tao is good at (6)______（make）model planes. He has (7)______（win）two prizes in the school science fair. I am proud (8)______ him. Last month, our class decided (9)______（take）part in a volunteer activity. We visited an old people's home. The old people were very happy. I think helping others is (10)______（mean）. I will keep on doing it. 八、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 I'm Zhang Wei, a Grade 8 student. Let me tell you something about myself. I used to be a shy boy. I was afraid of speaking in front of others. Two years ago, I joined the school science club. At first, I felt like giving up because the experiments were too difficult. But my teacher told me, “Nothing is impossible as long as you stick to it.” Since then, I have worked hard. I have read more than fifty books about science. Last term, I came up with an idea for a small robot. My classmates and I spent two months making it. We took part in the school science fair and won the first prize. Now I am much more confident. I have also made many friends. We get along well with each other and often share our ideas. I have learned that success comes from hard work and never giving up. 1. When did Zhang Wei join the school science club? 2. Why did he feel like giving up at first? 3. How many books about science has he read? 4. What did he and his classmates do with the small robot? 5. What has he learned? 九、书面表达 根据要求完成写作，词数 60 至 80。 1. 学校英语社团正在举办以 This is me 为主题的征文活动。请写一篇短文介绍自己。 要点：①你的外貌与性格；②你的爱好；③你的变化或成长。 2. 你的英国笔友 Peter 想了解你与朋友相处的情况。请写一封邮件，介绍你和你的好朋友。 要点：①你最好的朋友是谁；②你们的相处方式；③你从这段友谊中学到了什么。 参考答案与解析 一、单词拼写 1. suppose　【解析】suppose 意为“认为”，后接 that 从句，主语 I 后接动词原形。 2. difference　【解析】something special and difference 并列作 has 的宾语，difference 意为“不同之处”。 3. birthmark　【解析】birthmark 意为“胎记”，是可数名词，此处用单数。 4. crowded　【解析】be crowded 意为“拥挤的”，在句中作表语。 5. Therefore　【解析】therefore 意为“因此”，位于句首时首字母大写，其后用逗号隔开。 6. bright　【解析】bright 作形容词修饰 red dress，意为“鲜艳的”。 7. Although　【解析】although 引导让步状语从句，位于句首时首字母大写，主句前不再用 but。 8. cover　【解析】否定祈使句以 Don't 加动词原形开头，cover 意为“遮盖”。 9. strawberries　【解析】表示喜欢某类事物时用可数名词复数，strawberry 变 y 为 i 再加 -es。 10. confident　【解析】confident 作形容词修饰 boy，意为“自信的”。 11. excellent　【解析】excellent 作表语，意为“极好的”。 12. doubt　【解析】There is no doubt that... 意为“毫无疑问……”，doubt 在此作不可数名词。 13. value　【解析】should 后接动词原形，value 作动词意为“重视”。 14. teenagers　【解析】Many 后接可数名词复数，teenager 直接加 -s。 15. height　【解析】height 意为“身高”，是形容词 high 的名词形式，作主语。 16. perfect　【解析】perfect 作表语，意为“完美的”。 17. quality　【解析】quality 意为“品质”，前面有 an，用单数形式。 18. consider　【解析】祈使句以动词原形开头，consider 意为“考虑”。 19. succeeded　【解析】last week 表明用一般过去时，succeed 的过去式为 succeeded，构成 succeed in doing sth。 20. satisfied　【解析】be satisfied with 意为“对……满意”，修饰人用 -ed 形式的形容词。 21. giant　【解析】giant 意为“巨人”，此处指童话《自私的巨人》中的主人公。 22. shout　【解析】It is 加形容词加 to do sth 句型中，to 后接动词原形；shout at sb 意为“冲某人喊”。 23. article　【解析】article 意为“文章”，前面有 an，用单数形式。 24. gate　【解析】gate 意为“大门”，谓语 is 提示主语为单数。 25. inventor　【解析】inventor 意为“发明家”，由动词 invent 加 -or 构成。 二、词形变化 1. has been　【解析】twice 表示次数，用 have been to 表示“曾经去过”，主语是第三人称单数，用 has been。 2. have cleaned　【解析】already 是现在完成时的标志词，主语 They 用 have 加过去分词。 3. have lived　【解析】since 加时间点与现在完成时连用，主语 They 用 have 加过去分词。 4. bought　【解析】last week 是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时。 5. Have; visited　【解析】ever 常用于现在完成时的疑问句，主语 you 用 Have，后接过去分词 visited。 6. hasn't seen　【解析】yet 用于否定句，与现在完成时连用，主语 She 用 hasn't 加过去分词。 7. joined　【解析】two years ago 是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时。 8. have known　【解析】for ten years 表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用，主语 We 用 have 加过去分词。 9. has been dead　【解析】for three years 表示一段时间，须用延续性表达 be dead，故用 has been dead。 10. to learn　【解析】It is 加形容词加 to do sth 是固定句型，故用 to learn。 11. reading　【解析】enjoy 后接动名词作宾语，故用 reading。 12. to close　【解析】动作尚未发生，用 remember to do sth 表示“记得去做某事”。 13. smoking　【解析】停止的正是正在进行的动作，用 stop doing sth，故用 smoking。 14. to take　【解析】decide 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to take。 15. Reading　【解析】空处作主语，用动名词 Reading，谓语动词用 is。 16. to play　【解析】allow sb to do sth 是固定结构，故用 to play。 17. friendly　【解析】be friendly to sb 意为“对某人友好”，用形容词 friendly 作表语。 18. interested　【解析】be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用 -ed 形式的形容词。 19. better　【解析】than 提示用比较级，good 的副词比较级是 better。 20. different　【解析】be different from 意为“与……不同”，用形容词 different。 21. having　【解析】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，故用 having。 22. working　【解析】keep 后接动名词，表示“继续做某事”，故用 working。 23. difference　【解析】make a difference to 意为“对……有影响”，空处用名词 difference。 24. creative　【解析】creative 作形容词修饰 boy，意为“有创造力的”。 25. inventions　【解析】many 后接可数名词复数，invention 直接加 -s。 三、单项选择 1. B　【解析】last year 是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时 went。 2. C　【解析】since 加时间点与现在完成时连用，主语是第三人称单数，用 has lived。 3. B　【解析】yet 用于疑问句，与现在完成时连用，故用 Have; finished。 4. C　【解析】already 是现在完成时的标志词，主语 He 用 has 加过去分词。 5. D　【解析】人不在说话现场，表示“已经去了图书馆”，用 has gone to。 6. C　【解析】for two weeks 表示一段时间，须用延续性动词 keep，故用 has kept。 7. B　【解析】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，故用 eating。 8. A　【解析】句末独立使用副词 instead，表示“而是；代替”。 9. D　【解析】句意为“虽然他才十岁，但他做饭很好”，用 Although 引导让步状语从句。 10. A　【解析】句意为“生气时冲别人大喊是不礼貌的”，含责备意味，用 shout at。 11. A　【解析】let sb do sth 后接动词原形；allow 才用 allow sb to do sth。 12. B　【解析】allow sb to do sth 意为“允许某人做某事”；let、make、have 后接动词原形，不带 to。 13. D　【解析】How long 询问一段时间，须用延续性动词 have，故用 had。 14. C　【解析】hope 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to become。 15. C　【解析】want 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to try out。 16. B　【解析】finish 后接动名词作宾语，故用 making。 17. C　【解析】句意为“他停下来休息一下”，用 stop to do sth 表示停下来去做另一件事。 18. D　【解析】It is 加形容词加 for sb 加 to do sth 是固定句型。 19. A　【解析】现在完成时的一般疑问句，否定答语用 No, I haven't.。 20. C　【解析】be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用 -ed 形式的形容词。 四、选词填空 1. get along with　【解析】get along with sb 意为“与某人相处”，主语是复数，谓语用原形。 2. shouts at　【解析】shout at sb 意为“冲某人喊”，含责备意味；主语是第三人称单数，谓语用 shouts。 3. allows; to　【解析】allow sb to do sth 意为“允许某人做某事”，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用 allows。 4. coming up with　【解析】come up with 意为“想出”，at 是介词，后接动名词。 5. give up　【解析】give up 意为“放弃”，should 后接动词原形。 6. is interested in　【解析】be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”，主语是第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。 7. instead of　【解析】instead of 意为“代替；而不是”，后接名词 coffee。 8. feel like　【解析】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，主语 I 用动词原形。 9. makes a difference　【解析】make a difference to 意为“对……有影响”，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用 makes。 10. are proud of　【解析】be proud of 意为“为……感到骄傲”，主语 We 用 are。 11. took part in　【解析】take part in 表示参加活动，last week 表明用一般过去时。 12. shares; with　【解析】share sth with sb 意为“与某人分享某物”，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用 shares。 五、句型转换 1. hasn't; finished; yet　【解析】否定句在 has 后加 not，already 改为 yet 并移至句末。 2. How long have　【解析】对一段时间提问用 How long，后接助动词 have。 3. How many times　【解析】对次数提问用 How many times，原句 my 改为 your。 4. Have; seen　【解析】现在完成时变一般疑问句时把 have 提到句首，过去分词不变。 5. has had　【解析】two years ago 转换为 for two years 后，须用延续性动词 have，主语是第三人称单数，用 has had。 6. hasn't gone　【解析】否定句在 has 后加 not，其余部分不变。 7. has been dead　【解析】非延续性动词 die 须转换为延续性表达 be dead，主语是单数，用 has been dead。 8. How long has　【解析】对一段时间提问用 How long，后接助动词 has。 9. want to　【解析】feel like doing sth 与 want to do sth 同义，都表示“想要做某事”。 10. instead of　【解析】副词 instead 转换为介词短语 instead of，后接动名词。 11. doesn't allow　【解析】实义动词 allow 的否定句用 doesn't 加动词原形。 12. Did; build　【解析】一般过去时变一般疑问句用 Did 开头，动词还原为原形 build。 13. What is　【解析】对事物提问用 What，后接 be 动词 is。 14. didn't decide　【解析】一般过去时的否定句用 didn't 加动词原形。 15. don't forget to　【解析】remember to do sth 与 don't forget to do sth 同义，都表示“记得去做某事”。 六、完成句子 1. has been to　【解析】have been to 表示“曾经去过”，与次数连用，主语是第三人称单数，用 has been to。 2. have lived　【解析】for ten years 表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用，主语 They 用 have 加过去分词。 3. Have; eaten　【解析】ever 常用于现在完成时的疑问句，eat 的过去分词是 eaten。 4. hasn't finished; yet　【解析】yet 用于否定句且位于句末，主语是第三人称单数，用 hasn't 加过去分词。 5. have kept　【解析】for two weeks 表示一段时间，须用延续性动词 keep，故用 have kept。 6. having　【解析】feel like 表示“想要”时后接动名词，故用 having。 7. instead of　【解析】instead of 意为“代替；而不是”，后接名词 coffee。 8. Although; playing　【解析】although 引导让步状语从句，主句前不再用 but；keep 后接动名词表示“继续做某事”。 9. suppose; to be　【解析】suppose sb/sth to be 意为“认为某人或某物是……”。 10. allow; to eat　【解析】allow sb to do sth 意为“允许某人做某事”，否定句中 doesn't 后接动词原形。 11. gets along well with　【解析】get along well with sb 意为“与某人相处融洽”，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用 gets。 12. reading story　【解析】enjoy 后接动名词作宾语，故用 reading story。 13. to take part　【解析】decide 后接动词不定式，take part in 意为“参加”。 14. to bring　【解析】forget to do sth 表示“忘记去做某事”，动作尚未发生，故用 to bring。 15. made a big difference　【解析】make a difference to 意为“对……有影响”，动作已经发生，用过去式 made。 七、语法填空 1. been　【解析】for two years 表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用，be 的过去分词是 been。 2. didn't know　【解析】At that time 表示过去的时间，用一般过去时，实义动词的否定用 didn't 加动词原形。 3. to speak　【解析】encourage sb to do sth 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故用 to speak。 4. well　【解析】空处修饰动词短语 get along，用副词 well 的比较级形式不适用，此处用原级 well。 5. with　【解析】share sth with sb 意为“与某人分享某物”，介词用 with。 6. making　【解析】be good at 中 at 是介词，后接动名词 making。 7. won　【解析】has 后接过去分词构成现在完成时，win 的过去分词是 won。 8. of　【解析】be proud of 意为“为……感到骄傲”，介词用 of。 9. to take　【解析】decide 后接动词不定式作宾语，故用 to take。 10. meaningful　【解析】is 后接形容词作表语，mean 的形容词形式是 meaningful，意为“有意义的”。 八、阅读表达 1. Two years ago.　【解析】根据第二段 Two years ago, I joined the school science club. 可知。 2. Because the experiments were too difficult.　【解析】根据第二段 I felt like giving up because the experiments were too difficult. 可知。 3. More than fifty.　【解析】根据第三段 I have read more than fifty books about science. 可知。 4. They took part in the school science fair and won the first prize.　【解析】根据第三段 We took part in the school science fair and won the first prize. 可知，转述时注意人称的变化。 5. Success comes from hard work and never giving up.　【解析】根据第四段 I have learned that success comes from hard work and never giving up. 可知。 九、书面表达 1．范文 This Is Me Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. I am a Grade 8 student. I am a tall boy with short black hair. I used to be shy, but now I am much more confident. I am interested in science and I have read many books about it. In my free time, I enjoy playing basketball with my friends. I have learned that nothing is impossible if we stick to it. This is me — a boy who never gives up. 【写作提示】短文分三段展开：第一段自我介绍，第二段按外貌性格、爱好两层展开，第三段收束到成长感悟。写作时注意 used to be 与 now 的对比体现变化，用 be interested in 加动名词表达爱好，结尾用 stick to 呼应单元主题。 2．范文 Dear Peter, How is it going? I'd like to tell you about my best friend, Wang Tao. Wang Tao is my classmate. We have been friends for two years. He is good at making model planes and often helps me with my science homework. We get along well with each other and often share our ideas. Sometimes we don't agree with each other, but we soon forgive each other. From this friendship, I have learned that getting along well means sharing and understanding. Yours, Li Hua 【写作提示】邮件分三段展开：第一段引出话题，第二段介绍好友并用现在完成时说明相识时长，同时用 be good at、get along well with、share 等本单元短语描述相处方式，第三段收束到感悟。注意书信格式与结尾署名。 $