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2026 春冀教版八年级英语下册单元作文练习纸
Unit 8 Natural disasters 单元话题写作
一、写作任务
Write a passage about a common natural disaster. Say what it is, what causes it, what dangers it brings, and how we should respond if it happens. (80-100 words)
写一篇短文介绍一种常见的自然灾害:说明它是什么、由什么引起、有什么危害,以及它来临时我们应该如何应对。词数 80-100 词。
二、审题要点
◆(1)主题:
◆(2)文体:
◆(3)时态:
◆(4)要点:
◆(5)亮点提示:
三、写作框架
开头
点明灾害名称并下定义(Floods are one of the common natural disasters)
给出简要解释(They are large amounts of water covering an area)
正文
说明成因(Floods happen when there is too much rain or when rivers overflow)
介绍危害(They can hurt people and destroy farms, buildings and roads)
举例说明(In China, the 1998 Changjiang River flood was one of the worst)
给出应对建议(If a flood comes, we should move to higher ground quickly)
结尾
强调安全提醒(Never try to walk through floodwaters)
总结意义(Learning about floods can help us protect ourselves)
四、词汇 / 短语积累
【核心词汇】
1. 灾难 2. 地震 3. 台风
4. 洪水 5. 干旱 6. 野火
7. 山体滑坡 8. 海啸 9. 爆发
10. 毁坏;破坏 11. 破坏;损失 12. 危险;威胁
13. 幸存;存活 14. 生存 15. 避难处;庇护所
16. 营救;救援 17. 警报;警告 18. 逃跑;逃脱
19. 演习;操练 20. 受伤 21. 沿海的
22. 次要的;二次的 23. 受害者 24. 影响
25. 预防 26. 威胁 27. 当局;官方
28. 突然的
【核心短语】
1. 当涉及某事时 2. 靠边停车
3. 大量的;充足的 4. 密切注意
5. 使崩溃 6. 少于
7. 半小时 8. 解决;处理
9. 采取行动 10. 变凉;冷却
11. 高达 12. 大量的
13. 与……作斗争 14. 待在室内
15. 转移到高处 16. 大声呼救
17. 保持镇静 18. 低头;弯下腰
五、句式练习
第一段(开头):点明灾害名称并下定义
洪水是常见的自然灾害之一。(核心词:flood, one of the common natural disasters)
________________________________________________________________________________
它们可能对家园和庄稼造成严重破坏。(核心词:cause serious damage, homes and crops)
________________________________________________________________________________
第二段(中间):说明成因、危害与举例
当雨水过多或河流泛滥时,就会发生洪水。(核心词:happen, too much rain, rivers overflow)
________________________________________________________________________________
洪水会伤害人们,摧毁农场、建筑和道路。(核心词:hurt people, destroy farms, buildings and roads)
________________________________________________________________________________
在中国,1998 年长江洪水是最严重的洪水之一。(核心词:the 1998 Changjiang River flood, one of the worst)
________________________________________________________________________________
如果洪水来临,我们应该迅速转移到高处。(核心词:if, move to higher ground, quickly)
________________________________________________________________________________
千万不要试图涉水走过洪水。(核心词:never try to walk through, floodwaters)
________________________________________________________________________________
第三段(结尾):应对建议与总结
了解洪水能帮助我们保护自己。(核心词:learn about floods, protect ourselves)
________________________________________________________________________________
我们应该采取行动来减少灾害。(核心词:take action, reduce disasters)
________________________________________________________________________________
保持镇静能提高我们的生还机会。(核心词:stay calm, improve, chances of survival)
________________________________________________________________________________
记住,知识可以保护我们的安全。(核心词:remember that, knowledge, keep us safe)
________________________________________________________________________________
六、进阶高分句型专练
(一)合成词·复合名词 compound nouns
句型公式:名词 + 名词 / 形容词 + 名词 / 名词 + 动词 → 复合名词
注意:由两个或两个以上的词合并而成,词义常与组成词相关但不完全相同
◆地震能引起山体滑坡。(核心词:earthquake, landslide)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆黑板上写着一则安全提示。(核心词:blackboard, a safety tip)
________________________________________________________________________________
(二)合成词·复合代词 compound pronouns
句型公式:some/any/no + one/body/thing → 复合代词
注意:复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;someone、anybody、nothing 等均属此类
◆有人已经报告了这次野火。(核心词:somebody, report the wildfire)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆在暴风雨中,没有什么能阻止我们。(核心词:nothing, can stop us, in the storm)
________________________________________________________________________________
(三)派生词·前缀 derivation with prefixes
句型公式:un- / dis- / en- + 词根 → 新词
注意:un- 构成反义形容词,dis- 构成反义词,en- 常构成动词
◆我们应该鼓励人们学习安全知识。(核心词:encourage, learn safety knowledge)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆洪水过后,很多动物消失了。(核心词:disappear, after the flood)
________________________________________________________________________________
(四)派生词·后缀 derivation with suffixes
句型公式:词根 + -al / -ful / -y / -ly / -ness 等 → 新词
注意:后缀常用来改变词性:-al/-ful 构成形容词,-ly 构成副词或形容词,-ness 构成名词
◆野火对环境非常有害。(核心词:be harmful to, the environment)
________________________________________________________________________________
◆我们应该冷静而迅速地行动。(核心词:act calmly and quickly)
________________________________________________________________________________
七、写作
Floods: A Common Natural Disaster
________________________________________________________________________________
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2026 春冀教版八年级英语下册单元作文练习纸
Unit 8 Natural disasters 单元话题写作
一、写作任务
Write a passage about a common natural disaster. Say what it is, what causes it, what dangers it brings, and how we should respond if it happens. (80-100 words)
写一篇短文介绍一种常见的自然灾害:说明它是什么、由什么引起、有什么危害,以及它来临时我们应该如何应对。词数 80-100 词。
二、审题要点
◆(1)主题:介绍一种常见的自然灾害——成因、危害与应对
◆(2)文体:说明文(科普介绍,含成因、危害与安全指南)
◆(3)时态:一般现在时为主,兼用一般过去时举例
◆(4)要点:①点明灾害名称并下定义;②说明它的成因;③介绍它带来的危害;④给出应对建议并作总结
◆(5)亮点提示:构词法(合成词与派生词);when 引导的时间状语从句与 if 条件句;move to higher ground、take action 等表达
三、写作框架
开头
点明灾害名称并下定义(Floods are one of the common natural disasters)
给出简要解释(They are large amounts of water covering an area)
正文
说明成因(Floods happen when there is too much rain or when rivers overflow)
介绍危害(They can hurt people and destroy farms, buildings and roads)
举例说明(In China, the 1998 Changjiang River flood was one of the worst)
给出应对建议(If a flood comes, we should move to higher ground quickly)
结尾
强调安全提醒(Never try to walk through floodwaters)
总结意义(Learning about floods can help us protect ourselves)
四、词汇 / 短语积累
【核心词汇】
1. 灾难disaster
2. 地震earthquake
3. 台风typhoon
4. 洪水flood
5. 干旱drought
6. 野火wildfire
7. 山体滑坡landslide
8. 海啸tsunami
9. 爆发eruption
10. 毁坏;破坏destroy
11. 破坏;损失damage
12. 危险;威胁danger
13. 幸存;存活survive
14. 生存survival
15. 避难处;庇护所shelter
16. 营救;救援rescue
17. 警报;警告warning
18. 逃跑;逃脱escape
19. 演习;操练drill
20. 受伤injury
21. 沿海的coastal
22. 次要的;二次的secondary
23. 受害者victim
24. 影响affect
25. 预防prevention
26. 威胁threaten
27. 当局;官方authority
28. 突然的sudden
【核心短语】
1. 当涉及某事时when it comes to (doing) sth.
2. 靠边停车pull over
3. 大量的;充足的plenty of
4. 密切注意keep an eye out for sb./sth.
5. 使崩溃bring down
6. 少于less than
7. 半小时half an hour
8. 解决;处理deal with
9. 采取行动take action
10. 变凉;冷却cool down
11. 高达reach up to
12. 大量的large amounts of
13. 与……作斗争fight against
14. 待在室内stay indoors
15. 转移到高处move to higher ground
16. 大声呼救shout for help
17. 保持镇静stay calm
18. 低头;弯下腰bend down
五、句式练习
第一段(开头):点明灾害名称并下定义
洪水是常见的自然灾害之一。(核心词:flood, one of the common natural disasters)
Floods are one of the common natural disasters.
它们可能对家园和庄稼造成严重破坏。(核心词:cause serious damage, homes and crops)
They can cause serious damage to homes and crops.
第二段(中间):说明成因、危害与举例
当雨水过多或河流泛滥时,就会发生洪水。(核心词:happen, too much rain, rivers overflow)
Floods happen when there is too much rain or when rivers overflow.
洪水会伤害人们,摧毁农场、建筑和道路。(核心词:hurt people, destroy farms, buildings and roads)
Floods can hurt people and destroy farms, buildings and roads.
在中国,1998 年长江洪水是最严重的洪水之一。(核心词:the 1998 Changjiang River flood, one of the worst)
In China, the 1998 Changjiang River flood was one of the worst floods.
如果洪水来临,我们应该迅速转移到高处。(核心词:if, move to higher ground, quickly)
If a flood comes, we should move to higher ground quickly.
千万不要试图涉水走过洪水。(核心词:never try to walk through, floodwaters)
Never try to walk through floodwaters.
第三段(结尾):应对建议与总结
了解洪水能帮助我们保护自己。(核心词:learn about floods, protect ourselves)
Learning about floods can help us protect ourselves.
我们应该采取行动来减少灾害。(核心词:take action, reduce disasters)
We should take action to reduce disasters.
保持镇静能提高我们的生还机会。(核心词:stay calm, improve, chances of survival)
Staying calm can improve our chances of survival.
记住,知识可以保护我们的安全。(核心词:remember that, knowledge, keep us safe)
Remember that knowledge can keep us safe.
六、进阶高分句型专练
(一)合成词·复合名词 compound nouns
句型公式:名词 + 名词 / 形容词 + 名词 / 名词 + 动词 → 复合名词
注意:由两个或两个以上的词合并而成,词义常与组成词相关但不完全相同
◆地震能引起山体滑坡。(核心词:earthquake, landslide)
An earthquake can cause landslides.
◆黑板上写着一则安全提示。(核心词:blackboard, a safety tip)
There is a safety tip on the blackboard.
(二)合成词·复合代词 compound pronouns
句型公式:some/any/no + one/body/thing → 复合代词
注意:复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;someone、anybody、nothing 等均属此类
◆有人已经报告了这次野火。(核心词:somebody, report the wildfire)
Somebody has reported the wildfire.
◆在暴风雨中,没有什么能阻止我们。(核心词:nothing, can stop us, in the storm)
Nothing can stop us in the storm.
(三)派生词·前缀 derivation with prefixes
句型公式:un- / dis- / en- + 词根 → 新词
注意:un- 构成反义形容词,dis- 构成反义词,en- 常构成动词
◆我们应该鼓励人们学习安全知识。(核心词:encourage, learn safety knowledge)
We should encourage people to learn safety knowledge.
◆洪水过后,很多动物消失了。(核心词:disappear, after the flood)
Many animals disappeared after the flood.
(四)派生词·后缀 derivation with suffixes
句型公式:词根 + -al / -ful / -y / -ly / -ness 等 → 新词
注意:后缀常用来改变词性:-al/-ful 构成形容词,-ly 构成副词或形容词,-ness 构成名词
◆野火对环境非常有害。(核心词:be harmful to, the environment)
Wildfires are very harmful to the environment.
◆我们应该冷静而迅速地行动。(核心词:act calmly and quickly)
We should act calmly and quickly.
七、写作
Floods: A Common Natural Disaster
Floods are one of the common natural disasters. They are large amounts of water covering an area.
Floods happen when there is too much rain or when rivers overflow. They can hurt a lot of people and destroy farms, buildings and roads. In China, the 1998 Changjiang River flood was one of the worst. The PLA troops fought against it and protected millions of people.
If a flood comes, we should move to higher ground quickly. Remember: never try to walk or drive through floodwaters, because they can be dangerous. Learning about floods can help us protect ourselves.
【中文翻译】
洪水是常见的自然灾害之一。它们是覆盖一片区域的大量积水。
当雨水过多或河流泛滥时,就会发生洪水。洪水会伤害很多人,摧毁农场、建筑和道路。在中国,1998 年长江洪水是最严重的洪水之一。人民解放军部队与这场洪水作斗争,保护了数百万人的安全。
如果洪水来临,我们应该迅速转移到高处。记住:千万不要试图涉水走过洪水,因为它们可能很危险。了解洪水能帮助我们保护自己。
【总体分析】
①体裁:说明文(自然灾害科普,含安全指南)——以“定义—成因—危害—应对”为序,是典型的“主题句+事实分条+总结”结构
②语法:构词法(合成词 earthquake、landslide;派生词 harmful、calmly);when 引导的时间状语从句与 if 条件句
③结构:点明灾害名称并下定义(开头)→ 成因、危害与举例(中间)→ 应对建议与总结(结尾)
【亮点词汇】
large amounts of(大量的)/ overflow(泛滥)/ one of the worst(最严重的之一)/ fight against(与……作斗争)/ move to higher ground(转移到高处)
【高分句型】
Floods are one of the common natural disasters.(下定义式的主题句,点明说明对象)
Floods happen when there is too much rain or when rivers overflow.(when 引导时间状语从句说明成因)
They can hurt a lot of people and destroy farms, buildings and roads.(分条说明灾害的危害)
If a flood comes, we should move to higher ground quickly.(if 条件句给出应对建议)
Learning about floods can help us protect ourselves.(动名词作主语,总结全文)
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