专题01 选择性必修第一册Unit 1～Unit 2单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（期中知识清单）高二英语上学期人教版

专题01 必修第一册Welcome Unit~Unit 1 单元词汇短语句型梳理 重 点 单 词 名词：circumstance, commitment, property, distinction, patent, circumstance, appliance, preference, instant, switch, integration, security, persuasion 动词：commit, obtain, defeat, acknowledge, evaluate, infer, insist, persuade, switch, integrate, command, oppose 形容词：crucial, vital, distinct, objective, apparent, scientific, numerous, automatic, remote, efficient, secure, distant,absent 副词： apparently, consequently, automatically, remotely, efficiently 重 点 短 语 1.commit oneself to致力于；承诺做某事 2.sum up 总结；概括 3.make great contributions to对…做出巨大贡献 4.take up a position 就职；担任职位 5.insist on 坚决要求；坚持 6.due to 由于；因为 7.beyond control 失去控制 8.persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 9.switch from…to… 从…… 转变为…… 10.in the distance 在远处 11.in combination with 与……结合 12.keep in touch with 与……保持联系 13.be absent from 缺席；不参加 14.at one’s command 听某人支配 15.oppose doing sth 反对做某事 16.in this sense 从这个意义上来说 17.make sense of 理解；弄懂 18.take command of 控制；掌握 19.be integrated with 与…… 相融合 20.nevertheless 尽管如此；然而 必 备 句 型 1.It is vital/crucial for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是至关重要的 It is crucial for researchers to stick to objective attitudes when doing scientific experiments. 研究人员做科学实验时秉持客观态度至关重要。 2.insist 双重语气句型（坚决要求用虚拟；坚持认为用陈述） The scientist insisted that he (should) devote himself to research, and insisted that his discovery was of great social value.这位科学家坚决要求投身科研，并且坚持认为他的发现具备重大社会价值。 3.It will take some time before… 要过一段时间才会…… It will take quite some time before smart home equipment is widely popularized among ordinary families.智能家居设备还需要一段时间才能在普通家庭中普及。 4.the instant /the moment 引导时间状语从句，一…… 就…… The instant he gained access to the lab, he set out to test his new assumption. 他一进入实验室，就着手验证自己的新设想。 5.现在分词作结果状语 Smart home technology greatly cuts down housework burden, making it possible for people to enjoy more spare time.智能家居技术极大减轻家务负担，让人们享有更多空闲时间成为可能。 6.非限制性定语从句（which/as） Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which made traditional Chinese medicine known worldwide. 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药享誉全球。 单元语法 1.非限制性定语从句 2.将来进行时 (will be doing) 单元写作 1.介绍杰出人物（人物简介、贡献、品质）； 2.畅想未来生活 / 智能家居，建议信向朋友介绍未来科技。 知识点01 重点词类 1.crucial adj.____________________________ 2. vital adj. 3. commit vt. vi. 4.evaluate vt. 5. boil vt. vi. n． 6．liquid n. adj. 7．obtain vt. vi. 8.acknowledge vt. 9．defeat n． vt. 10.apparently adv. 11．insist vi. vt. 12．mostly adv. 13.conclusion n． 14.flee vi. vt.(fled, fled) 15.circumstance n. [usually pl] 16．flow n. vi. 17．infer vt. 18.gradually adv. 19.encounter vt. n． 20.remarkable adj. 21.phrase n． 22.persuade vt. 23．switch vt. vi. vt. n. 24．remote adj. 25.routine n． adj. 26.instant n． adj. 　 27.command n． vt. 28.constant adj. n． 29.potential adj. n． 30.relevant adj. 31.innovation n． 32.available adj. 33.nevertheless adv. 34．crime n． 35.combine vt. vi. 36.artificial adj. 37.forecast vt. n. 38．oppose vt. 39．hence adv. 40.advocate vt. n. 知识点02 高频短语 1.___________________________ 致力于；承诺做某事 2.___________________________总结；概括 3.___________________________对…… 做出巨大贡献 4.___________________________就职；担任职位 5.___________________________坚决要求；坚持 6.___________________________由于；因为 7.___________________________失去控制 8.___________________________说服某人做某事 9.___________________________从…… 转变为…… 10. 在远处 11. 与…… 结合 12. 与…… 保持联系 13. 缺席；不参加 14. 听某人支配 15. 反对做某事 16. 从这个意义上来说 17. 理解；弄懂 18. 控制；掌握 19. 与…… 相融合 20. 尽管如此；然而 知识点03 重点句型 1.It is vital/crucial for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是至关重要的 When doing scientific experiments. 研究人员做科学实验时秉持客观态度至关重要。 2.insist 双重语气句型（坚决要求用虚拟；坚持认为用陈述） The scientist insisted , and insisted . 这位科学家坚决要求投身科研，并且坚持认为他的发现具备重大社会价值。 3.It will take some time before… 要过一段时间才会…… Smart home equipment is widely popular among ordinary families. 智能家居设备还需要一段时间才能在普通家庭中普及。 4.the instant /the moment 引导时间状语从句，一……就…… , he set out to test his new assumption. 他一进入实验室，就着手验证自己的新设想。 5.现在分词作结果状语 Smart home technology greatly cuts down housework burden, 智能家居技术极大减轻家务负担，让人们享有更多空闲时间成为可能。 6.非限制性定语从句（which/as） Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药享誉全球。 知识点04 重点语法 1. 非限制性定语从句 核心要点：从句与主句之间必须用逗号隔开；不能使用关系代词that。 ✅which：多放在主句后面，可指代前面整件事情，译作“这、这件事”。 ✅as：位置灵活，可置于句首、句中、句末，翻译为“正如”。 经典例句 （which 指代整件事）Yuan Longping made great achievements in agriculture, benefited 1. billions of people across the world.袁隆平在农业上取得巨大成就，这造福了全世界数十亿人。 2.（as 置于句首） , scientific exploration requires courage and hard work. 众所周知，科学探索需要勇气与艰苦奋斗。 3.（as 置于句末）He passed the strict experiment test, 正如预料的那样，他通过了严苛的实验测试。 📝仿写造句练习 1. 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药获得世界关注。（which） _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 正如上面所提到的，坚持是科研人员最重要的品质之一。（as，句首） _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 他成功完成了这项艰巨任务，正如大家所期盼的那样。（as，句末） 2. 将来进行时 will be doing 基本结构：will be + 现在分词 (doing) 两层用法： ① 将来某一个特定时刻，正在发生的动作（强调将来此时此刻正在进行）。 ② 对未来客观事态的预测，描述预料之中会发生的情景。 经典例句 1.（将来特定时刻正在做）This time next month, I will be taking part in a science competition. 下个月的这个时候，我将正在参加一场科学竞赛。 2. （客观预测未来）In decades to come, more ordinary families will be enjoying convenient smart-home services. 在未来数十年，更多普通家庭将会享受到便捷的智能家居服务。 💡辨析对比 - will do：单纯表将来，侧重主观打算、临时决定 - will be doing：侧重将来正在进行的状态、客观预判未来发展 📝仿写造句练习（用 will be doing 完成句子） 1. 明天晚上八点，我们将正在听一场关于未来科技的报告。 At 8 o’clock tomorrow evening, ________________________________________. 2. 十年以后，大量机器人将会协助人类处理各类家务。 Ten years from now, large numbers of robots ________________________________. 3. 下周此时，他将在实验室做科学实验。 This time next week, __________________________________________________. 【考点01】词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1. n．（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校→ adj.学业的；学术的 2. n．植物学→ adj.植物学的 3. adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ n．区别；差别 4. vt.分析→ (pl.analyses) n．分析 5. n．科学→ adj.科学（上）的；关于科学的→ n．科学家 6. n．（长篇）小说 adj.新颖的；珍奇的→ n．小说家 7. vt.创建；建立；把……建立在→ n．创建；基金会→ n．创建者；创始人 8. politics n．政治→ n．从政者；政治家；政客→ adj.政治的 9. adj.温柔的；文静的→ adv.温柔地；温和地 10. n．酷爱；激情→ adj.有激情的 11. ______________ adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→ n．距离 12. adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→ n．安全；保护措施 13. adj.自动的→ adv.自动地 14. _________________vi. vt.（使）合并；成为一体→ adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的 15. _____________adj.效率高的；有功效的→ adv.高效地；有效地→ n．效率；效能 16.____________ vt.更喜欢；宁愿→ n．爱好；偏爱 17. vi. vt.服从；遵守→（反义词） vi. vt.不服从 18. vt.警告→ n．警告；警示；先兆 19. adj.电的；电动的；用电的→ adj.电的；用电的→ n．电；电学；电流 20． vt.发现；查明→ n．侦探 21. vt.预测；预言；预料→ n．预测；预言 22. vt.占据；占用；使忙于（做某事）→ adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于→ n.职业；占领 23. adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的→ n．不存在；缺乏；缺席 24. vt.强调→ n．强调；重视；重要性　 25. vi. vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→ n．抵制；抗拒→ adj.反抗的；抵制的 26. adj.精确的；准确的→ adv.精确地；准确地→ n．精确性 【考点02】介词填空—必考 考法：固定搭配中挖掉介词。 be committed (doing) sth contribute insist due to ombine A B persuade sb doing keep touch with be absent 学以致用 1. The scientist is fully committed ___ carrying out basic scientific research. 2. Everyone can contribute ___ protecting our living environment in daily life. 3. The young researcher insists ___ doing the experiment all by himself. 4. The delay of the project is due ___ the lack of technical support. 5. We should combine theory ___ practice in our scientific study. 6. We finally persuaded him ___ joining the smart-home research group. 7. Though far away, they still keep in touch ___ each other regularly. 8. He was absent ___ the important academic meeting last Friday. 真题链接 1. （改编高考）Many scientists are committed ___ exploring the unknown fields of science. 2. 2.（改编高考）Hard work contributes ___ his great achievements. 【考点03】"to 后接 doing" 陷阱—高频易错 考法：单选、语法填空，区分介词 to 和不定式 to commit oneself to doing; be opposed to doing; look forward to doing; be addicted to doing 对比：persuade sb to do（不定式 to，接动词原形） 单句语法填空（用括号内动词适当形式填空） 1. He committed himself to ________ (fight) for the development of traditional medicine. 2. Most scientists are opposed to ________ (give) up such a valuable research project. 3. We are looking forward to ________ (attend) the lecture on future smart‑home technology. 4. Some teenagers are addicted to ________ (play) online games day and night. 5. My colleagues persuaded me ________ (take) part in this important academic competition. 6. She is opposed to ________ (spend) too much time on useless experiments. 7. The young researcher committed himself to ________ (explore) unknown scientific fields. 8. I tried to persuade him ________ (change) his original research plan, but failed. 【考点04】insist虚拟语气陷阱（高频易错） 考法：语法填空，从句谓语变形 ①坚决要求；主张：insist that sb (should) do，should 可以省略（虚拟语气） ②坚持认为（陈述事实）：insist that sb did/does，使用陈述真实时态。 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. The doctor insisted that the patient ________ (take) a good rest. 2. He insisted that he ________ (be) innocent and that he had done nothing wrong. 3. They insisted that he ________ (give) a speech at the opening ceremony. 4. She insisted that she ________ (not steal) the money. 5. Our teacher insists that we ________ (finish) our homework before going to bed. 6. The boy insisted that he ________ (see) the strange man before. 【考点05】句型仿写 考法：语法填空，书面表达和阅读理解 涉及句型： ①It is + adj. + for sb to do sth（对某人来说做某事是……） ②It will be+时间段+before…（要过多久才……） ③the instant引导时间状语从句（一……就……，直接接从句，不再加when） ④现在分词作结果状语（doing，表自然而然带来的结果） 用括号内词正确形式或填适当的连接词。 1. It is important for us ________ (develop) a good habit of reading English every day. 2. It will be three years ________ we graduate from senior high school. 3. The instant he ________ (receive) the teacher’s feedback, he began to correct his mistakes. 4. The boy stayed up late playing games, ________ (make) him sleepy in class the next day. 5. It is necessary for you ________ (review) the notes after class. 6. It won’t be long ________ we take the mid-term examination. 7. The instant my deskmate ________ (see) the difficult grammar problem, he turned to me for help. 8. She practices English every morning, ________ (help) her make rapid progress. 9. It is difficult for many students ________ (master) non-predicate verbs in a short time. 10. The girl missed the early bus, ________ (force) her to take a taxi to school. 【考点06】书面表达（应用文畅想未来科技） 考法：写一封邀请信，邀请你的朋友参加 “科技改变生活” 主题分享会。 必用句式： 1.I’m writing to invite you to …（写信目的） 2.It will be held…（举办时间地点） 3.We would appreciate it if you could…（如果你能够…… 我们将十分感激） 4.Looking forward to your reply.（期待你的回信） 写作任务（仿高考真题）： 　　假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办一场 “科技改变生活” 主题分享会，请你给外教 Caroline 写一封邮件，邀请她参加分享会。 要点： 1. 活动时间：下周五下午 4 点，学校报告厅； 2. 活动内容：学生分享对智能家居的看法； 3. 希望她做简短发言。 注意：词数 80 左右；格式完整。 辨析01 persuade sb to do vs persuade sb into doing 短语 用法 例句 persuade sb to do sth 说服某人去做（不定式结构） I persuaded him to join the research team. persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事（介词into +动名词） We persuaded him into giving up that impractical plan. 　　补充：try to persuade sb to do 尽力劝说（未必成功）。 辨析02 as /which 引导非限制性定语从句 关系词 　　位置 　　翻译 　　例句 as 可放句首 / 句中 / 句末 正如 As we all know, science changes our life. which 只可放主句之后 这件事 He failed in the experiment, which disappointed him greatly. 辨析03 insist 两种语义语气对比 词义 从句语气 例句 坚决要求、命令 虚拟 (should) do He insisted that we (should) take full advantage of lab resources. 坚持认为、陈述事实 陈述真实时态 He insisted that he had never made such a mistake. 辨析 04 before 经典句型汇总 句型 中文释义 　　例句 It will be+时间段+before… 要过多久才…… It will be two years before we take the college entrance examination. 还要过两年我们才能参加高考。 It won’t be long before… 不久就会…… It won’t be long before we meet again after the mid‑term exam. 期中考试过后，不久我们就会再次见面。 It was+时间段+before… 过了多久才（过去） It was three months before he realized his mistakes in studying. 过了三个月，他才意识到自己学习上的错误。 It wasn’t long before… 没过多久就（过去） It wasn’t long before he made great progress in English. 没过多久，他的英语就取得了巨大进步。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量 / 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 派生词变形 根据汉语提示写 commitment、consequently 10 题 ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、虚拟语气、定语从句、时态 The scientist was fully committed to his career. 12 题 ★★ 完成句子 重点句型仿写 要过很多年普通人才能够享受全套智能家居：It will be many years before ordinary people can enjoy full sets of smart‑home devices. 8 题 ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词变形 方框词 commit, evaluate, integrate, persuade 填入短文 8 题 ★★ 单项选择 易混辨析（insist; as/which; persuade） 10 题 ★★ 句型转换 同义改写：It will be some time before… 改写 5 题 ★★★ 短语翻译 汉译英：致力于；对…… 做贡献；从…… 转变为 10 题 ★ 词义配对 短语与释义连线 8 题 ★ 技巧 一句话要点 派生词变形 先判断空格在句中充当名词 / 形容词 / 副词，再变换词形，注意固定搭配 be committed to insist 解题两步走 翻译句子语义；“坚决要求” 用 (should) do；“坚持认为” 用陈述时态 非限制性定语从句 看见逗号隔开的从句，禁用 that；指整件事优先 which；放句首多用 as before 句型 抓主句时态，will be 搭配将来；was 搭配过去事件；分清 “还要多久才 / 没过多久就” the instant/moment 连词陷阱 后面直接接完整从句，不再额外加 when 介词 to 陷阱 看见 to，先分辨是介词还是不定式；固定短语 commit to /be opposed to 后接 doing 将来进行时 找时间标志 “将来某具体时刻”，用 will be doing 书面表达人物 / 科技主题 优先用上 It is crucial for… As is known… It won’t be long before…提升作文档次 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式。 1.Under difficult c______________（环境）, he still obtained remarkable scientific achievements. 2.It is c______________（至关重要的） to keep objective when carrying out experiments. 3.He a______________（公开感谢） his teammates for their support in his speech. 4.Smart technology enables us to i______________（融合） high-tech with daily life. 5.There is a clear d______________（差别） between the two experimental results. 6. He c______________（致力于） himself to learning English well. 7. Nothing can d______________（打败） him, because he is brave enough. 8. She i______________（坚持认为） that she had done nothing wrong. 9.We drew a c______________（结论） from the results of the experiment. 10. She has made r______________（显著的） progress in English this term. 11.Every student has the p______________（潜力） to succeed. 12. I’m not a______________（有空的） this afternoon because I have a meeting. 13.Many people o______________（反对） building a factory near the river. 14.The teacher a______________（倡议） reading English aloud every morning. 15. Our teacher always e______________（强调） the importance of practice. 【题型二】真题实战 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.（2024 新高考 Ⅱ 卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia"， add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 2.（2025 北京卷）Tourists left large amounts of food waste last year, ______accounted for about 8% of the total global greenhouse‑gas release. 3.（2023 全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy a peaceful existence with its surroundings. 4.（2024 新课标 Ⅰ 卷）Many researchers are fully _________(commit) to exploring more possibilities of traditional medicine. 5.（2022 新高考 Ⅱ 卷）The smart equipment can work automatically, _________(free) people from heavy housework. 6.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __________(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 7.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not _____________ (objective) true, and that giants, two-headed dragons, etc. do not exist. 8.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The Shorter Oxford Dictionary contains around 163，000 words, plus word ________________(combine) and idiomatic phrases. 9.(2023·全国甲卷）I must add that I started reading the books from the start, as opposed to ____________(work) backwards.　 10.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写） When the door opened, my brother's eyes widened in surprise. ____________ he could speak（他还没来得及开口）, I handed him the biscuits, saying sorry to him sincerely. 【题型三】完成句子 1.正如大家所知，坚持科学研究需要巨大的投入。（as 引导非限制性定语从句） , sticking to scientific research calls for great commitment. 2.他一收到实验报告，就开始分析数据。（the instant引导时间状语从句） ,Then, he set about analysing the data. 3.还要过好几年这种新技术才能被广泛应用。（It will be…before…) this new technology comes into wide use. 4.这位科学家坚决要求把更多资金投入基础科学。（insist虚拟语气） More funds (should) be put into basic science. 5.智能家居解放双手，让我们拥有更多休闲时光。（现在分词作结果状语） Smart-home technology frees our hands, 6.我们大家都认为班长是一个慷慨、善良、能干的人，所以他会适合这个职位。 our monitor is a generous, kind-hearted and competent person, so he will be suitable for the position. 7.在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃这个宝贵的机会。 this valuable opportunity. 8.如同太阳温暖大地，一句善意的话能在糟糕的日子里温暖一个人的心灵。 , a kind word can warm a person's heart on a bad day. 9.尽管我疲惫不堪，但我还是设法到达了终点。 , I managed to make it to the finish point. 10.如果你能提前告知我你是否有空，我将感激不尽。 you could let me know whether you are available ahead of time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 必修第一册Welcome Unit~Unit 1 单元词汇短语句型梳理 重 点 单 词 名词：circumstance, commitment, property, distinction, patent, circumstance, appliance, preference, instant, switch, integration, security, persuasion 动词：commit, obtain, defeat, acknowledge, evaluate, infer, insist, persuade, switch, integrate, command, oppose 形容词：crucial, vital, distinct, objective, apparent, scientific, numerous, automatic, remote, efficient, secure, distant,absent 副词： apparently, consequently, automatically, remotely, efficiently 重 点 短 语 1.commit oneself to致力于；承诺做某事 2.sum up 总结；概括 3.make great contributions to对…做出巨大贡献 4.take up a position 就职；担任职位 5.insist on 坚决要求；坚持 6.due to 由于；因为 7.beyond control 失去控制 8.persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 9.switch from…to… 从…… 转变为…… 10.in the distance 在远处 11.in combination with 与……结合 12.keep in touch with 与……保持联系 13.be absent from 缺席；不参加 14.at one’s command 听某人支配 15.oppose doing sth 反对做某事 16.in this sense 从这个意义上来说 17.make sense of 理解；弄懂 18.take command of 控制；掌握 19.be integrated with 与…… 相融合 20.nevertheless 尽管如此；然而 必 备 句 型 1.It is vital/crucial for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是至关重要的 It is crucial for researchers to stick to objective attitudes when doing scientific experiments. 研究人员做科学实验时秉持客观态度至关重要。 2.insist 双重语气句型（坚决要求用虚拟；坚持认为用陈述） The scientist insisted that he (should) devote himself to research, and insisted that his discovery was of great social value.这位科学家坚决要求投身科研，并且坚持认为他的发现具备重大社会价值。 3.It will take some time before… 要过一段时间才会…… It will take quite some time before smart home equipment is widely popularized among ordinary families.智能家居设备还需要一段时间才能在普通家庭中普及。 4.the instant /the moment 引导时间状语从句，一…… 就…… The instant he gained access to the lab, he set out to test his new assumption. 他一进入实验室，就着手验证自己的新设想。 5.现在分词作结果状语 Smart home technology greatly cuts down housework burden, making it possible for people to enjoy more spare time.智能家居技术极大减轻家务负担，让人们享有更多空闲时间成为可能。 6.非限制性定语从句（which/as） Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which made traditional Chinese medicine known worldwide. 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药享誉全球。 单元语法 1.非限制性定语从句 2.将来进行时 (will be doing) 单元写作 1.介绍杰出人物（人物简介、贡献、品质）； 2.畅想未来生活 / 智能家居，建议信向朋友介绍未来科技。 知识点01 重点词类 1.crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2.vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3.commit vt.做出，犯；承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入 4.evaluate vt.评价；评估 5.boil vt. vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点 6.liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的 7.obtain vt.获得；赢得 vi.存在；流行 8.acknowledge vt.承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢 9.defeat n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 10.apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11.insist vi. vt.坚持；坚决要求 12.mostly adv.主要地；一般地 13.conclusion n．结论；推论 14.flee vi. vt.(fled，fled）迅速离开；逃跑 15.circumstance n. [usually pl]条件；环境；状况 16.flow n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动 17.infer vt.推断；推定 18.gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 19.encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 20.remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 21.phrase n．短语；词组 22.persuade vt.劝说；说服 23.switch vt.转换；交换 vi. vt.（使）改变；转变 n.开关；转换器；改变 24.remote adj.远程的；偏远的 25.routine n．常规；正常顺序 adj.常规的；日常的 26.instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的　 27.command n．指令；命令；控制 vt.命令；控制 28.constant adj.不断的；重复的；不变的 n．常数；常量 29.potential adj.可能的；潜在的 n．潜力；可能性 30.relevant adj.有关的；有意义的 31.innovation n．创新；创造 32.available adj.可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 33.nevertheless adv.尽管如此；不过；然而 34.crime n．犯罪活动；不法行为 35.combine vt. vi.（使）结合；混合 36.artificial adj.人工的；人造的；假的 37.forecast vt. n．预测；预报 38.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 39.hence adv.因此；由此 40.advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者 知识点02 高频短语 1.commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于；承诺做某事 2.sum up 总结；概括 3.make great contributions to 对…… 做出巨大贡献 4.take up a position 就职；担任职位 5.insist on 坚决要求；坚持 6.due to 由于；因为 7.beyond control 失去控制 8.persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 9.switch from…to… 从…… 转变为…… 10.in the distance 在远处 11.in combination with 与…… 结合 12.keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 13.be absent from 缺席；不参加 14.at one’s command 听某人支配 15.oppose doing sth 反对做某事 16.in this sense 从这个意义上来说 17.make sense of 理解；弄懂 18.take command of 控制；掌握 19.be integrated with 与…… 相融合 20.nevertheless 尽管如此；然而 知识点03 重点句型 1.It is vital/crucial for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是至关重要的 It is crucial for researchers to stick to objective attitudes when doing scientific experiments. 研究人员做科学实验时秉持客观态度至关重要。 2.insist 双重语气句型（坚决要求用虚拟；坚持认为用陈述） The scientist insisted that he (should) devote himself to research, and insisted that his discovery was of great social value. 这位科学家坚决要求投身科研，并且坚持认为他的发现具备重大社会价值。 3.It will take some time before… 要过一段时间才会…… It will take quite some time before smart home equipment is widely popularized among ordinary families. 智能家居设备还需要一段时间才能在普通家庭中普及。 4.the instant /the moment 引导时间状语从句，一……就…… The instant he gained access to the lab, he set out to test his new assumption. 他一进入实验室，就着手验证自己的新设想。 5.现在分词作结果状语 Smart home technology greatly cuts down housework burden, making it possible for people to enjoy more spare time. 智能家居技术极大减轻家务负担，让人们享有更多空闲时间成为可能。 6.非限制性定语从句（which/as） Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which made traditional Chinese medicine known worldwide. 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药享誉全球。 知识点04 重点语法 1. 非限制性定语从句 核心要点：从句与主句之间必须用逗号隔开；不能使用关系代词that。 ✅which：多放在主句后面，可指代前面整件事情，译作“这、这件事”。 ✅as：位置灵活，可置于句首、句中、句末，翻译为“正如”。 经典例句 （which 指代整件事）Yuan Longping made great achievements in agriculture, which benefited 1. billions of people across the world.袁隆平在农业上取得巨大成就，这造福了全世界数十亿人。 2.（as 置于句首）As is known to all, scientific exploration requires courage and hard work. 众所周知，科学探索需要勇气与艰苦奋斗。 3.（as 置于句末）He passed the strict experiment test, as was expected. 正如预料的那样，他通过了严苛的实验测试。 📝仿写造句练习 1. 屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖，这让中医药获得世界关注。（which） 2. 正如上面所提到的，坚持是科研人员最重要的品质之一。（as，句首） 3. 他成功完成了这项艰巨任务，正如大家所期盼的那样。（as，句末） 参考答案 1. Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize, which drew worldwide attention to traditional Chinese medicine. 2. As is mentioned above, persistence is one of the most important qualities for scientific researchers. 3. He finished the tough task successfully, as was expected. 2. 将来进行时 will be doing 基本结构：will be + 现在分词 (doing) 两层用法： ① 将来某一个特定时刻，正在发生的动作（强调将来此时此刻正在进行）。 ② 对未来客观事态的预测，描述预料之中会发生的情景。 经典例句 1.（将来特定时刻正在做）This time next month, I will be taking part in a science competition. 下个月的这个时候，我将正在参加一场科学竞赛。 2. （客观预测未来）In decades to come, more ordinary families will be enjoying convenience smart-home services. 在未来数十年，更多普通家庭将会享受到便捷的智能家居服务。 💡辨析对比 - will do：单纯表将来，侧重主观打算、临时决定 - will be doing：侧重将来正在进行的状态、客观预判未来发展 📝仿写造句练习（用 will be doing 完成句子） 1. 明天晚上八点，我们将正在听一场关于未来科技的报告。 At 8 o’clock tomorrow evening, ________________________________________. 2. 十年以后，大量机器人将会协助人类处理各类家务。 Ten years from now, large numbers of robots ________________________________. 3. 下周此时，他将在实验室做科学实验。 This time next week, __________________________________________________. 参考答案 1. We will be listening to a report about future technology 2. It will be assisting humans with all kinds of housework 3. He will be doing scientific experiments in the laboratory 【考点01】词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1. academy n．（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的 2. botany n．植物学→botanical adj.植物学的 3. distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n．区别；差别 4. analyse vt.分析→analysis (pl.analyses) n．分析 5. science n．科学→scientific adj.科学（上）的；关于科学的→scientist n．科学家 6. novel n．（长篇）小说 adj.新颖的；珍奇的→novelist n．小说家 7. found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在→foundation n．创建；基金会→founder n．创建者；创始人 8. politics n．政治→politician n．从政者；政治家；政客→political adj.政治的 9. gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.温柔地；温和地 10. passion n．酷爱；激情→passionate adj.有激情的 11.distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n．距离 12.secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护→security n．安全；保护措施 13.automatic adj.自动的→automatically adv.自动地 14.integrate vi. vt.（使）合并；成为一体→integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的 15.efficient adj.效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv.高效地；有效地→efficiency n．效率；效能 16.prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿→preference n．爱好；偏爱 17.obey vi. vt.服从；遵守→（反义词）disobey vi. vt.不服从 18.warn vt.警告→warning n．警告；警示；先兆 19.electric adj.电的；电动的；用电的→electrical adj.电的；用电的→electricity n．电；电学；电 流 20.detect vt.发现；查明→detective n．侦探 21.predict vt.预测；预言；预料→prediction n．预测；预言 22.occupy vt.占据；占用；使忙于（做某事）→occupied adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于→occupation n.职业；占领 23.absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的→absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席 24.emphasize vt.强调→emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性　 25.resist vi. vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n．抵制；抗拒→resistant adj.反抗的；抵制的 26.accurate adj.精确的；准确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n．精确性 【考点02】介词填空—必考 考法：固定搭配中挖掉介词。 be committed to (doing) sth contribute to insist on due to combine A with B persuade sb into doing keep in touch with be absent from 学以致用 1. The scientist is fully committed ___ carrying out basic scientific research. 2. Everyone can contribute ___ protecting our living environment in daily life. 3. The young researcher insists ___ doing the experiment all by himself. 4. The delay of the project is due ___ the lack of technical support. 5. We should combine theory ___ practice in our scientific study. 6. We finally persuaded him ___ joining the smart-home research group. 7. Though far away, they still keep in touch ___ each other regularly. 8. He was absent ___ the important academic meeting last Friday. 参考答案 1. to（be committed to doing sth 致力于） 2. to（contribute to 为…… 做贡献；促成） 3. on（insist on 坚持） 4. to（due to 由于） 5. with（combine A with B 把 A 与 B 结合） 6. into（persuade sb into doing 说服某人做某事） 7. with（keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系） 8. from（be absent from 缺席……） 真题链接 1.（改编高考）Many scientists are committed ___ exploring the unknown fields of science. 答案：to 2.（改编高考）Hard work contributes ___ his great achievements. 答案：to 【考点03】"to 后接 doing" 陷阱—高频易错 考法：单选、语法填空，区分介词 to 和不定式 to commit oneself to doing; be opposed to doing; look forward to doing; be addicted to doing 对比：persuade sb to do（不定式 to，接动词原形） 单句语法填空（用括号内动词适当形式填空） 1. He committed himself to ________ (fight) for the development of traditional medicine. 2. Most scientists are opposed to ________ (give) up such a valuable research project. 3. We are looking forward to ________ (attend) the lecture on future smart-home technology. 4. Some teenagers are addicted to ________ (play) online games day and night. 5. My colleagues persuaded me ________ (take) part in this important academic competition. 6. She is opposed to ________ (spend) too much time on useless experiments. 7. The young researcher committed himself to ________ (explore) unknown scientific fields. 8. I tried to persuade him ________ (change) his original research plan, but failed. 参考答案 1. fighting 2. giving 3. attending 4. playing 5. to take 6. spending 7. exploring 8. to change 【考点04】insist虚拟语气陷阱（高频易错） 考法：语法填空，从句谓语变形 ①坚决要求；主张：insist that sb (should) do，should 可以省略（虚拟语气） ②坚持认为（陈述事实）：insist that sb did/does，使用陈述真实时态。 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. The doctor insisted that the patient ________ (take) a good rest. 2. He insisted that he ________ (be) innocent and he did nothing wrong. 3. They insisted that he ________ (give) a speech at the opening ceremony. 4. She insisted that she ________ (not steal) the money. 5. Our teacher insists that we ________ (finish) our homework before going to bed. 6. The boy insisted that he ________ (see) the strange man before. 参考答案+解析 1. (should) take 解析：医生坚决要求病人好好休息，表要求，虚拟语气，should 可省略。 2. was 解析：他坚称自己是无辜的，陈述事实，用一般过去时。 3. (should) give 解析：他们坚决要求他在开幕式发言，表要求，虚拟。 4. didn’t steal 解析：她坚持认为自己没有偷钱，陈述事实，过去时态。 5. (should) finish 解析：老师坚决要求我们睡前完成作业，表要求，虚拟。 6. had seen 解析：他坚持说之前见过这个陌生人，“see” 发生在 insisted 之前，过去完成时，陈述事实。 【考点05】句型仿写 考法：语法填空，书面表达和阅读理解 涉及句型： ①It is + adj. + for sb to do sth（对某人来说做某事是……） ②It will be+时间段+before…（要过多久才……） ③the instant引导时间状语从句（一……就……，直接接从句，不再加when） ④现在分词作结果状语（doing，表自然而然带来的结果） 用括号内词正确形式或填适当的连接词。 1. It is important for us ________ (develop) a good habit of reading English every day. 2. It will be three years ________ we graduate from senior high school. 3. The instant he ________ (receive) the teacher’s feedback, he began to correct his mistakes. 4. The boy stayed up late playing games, ________ (make) him sleepy in class the next day. 5. It is necessary for you ________ (review) the notes after class. 6. It won’t be long ________ we take the mid-term examination. 7. The instant my deskmate ________ (see) the difficult grammar problem, he turned to me for help. 8. She practices English every morning, ________ (help) her make rapid progress. 9. It is difficult for many students ________ (master) non-predicate verbs in a short time. 10. The girl missed the early bus, ________ (force) her to take a taxi to school. 参考答案+解析 1. to develop 解析：It is +adj.+for sb to do`it 作形式主语，真正主语用不定式 to do。 2. before 解析：It will be +时间段 + before…译为 “还要过三年我们才高中毕业”。 3. received 解析：the instant｀引导时间状语从句，时态和主句 began 保持一致，一般过去时。 4. making 解析：现在分词作结果状语，表示熬夜打游戏带来的自然而然的结果。 5. To review 解析：It is necessary for sb to do sth` 对某人来说做…… 是有必要的，不定式作真正主语。 6. before 解析：It won’t be long before…固定句型，“不久之后就会……”。 7. saw 解析：the instant 引导时间状语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时 saw。 8. helping 解析：现在分词作结果状语，“每天早上练习英语，帮助她快速进步”。 9. To master 解析：It is difficult for sb to do sth，it 形式主语，不定式做真正主语。 10. forcing 解析：现在分词作结果状语，错过班车这件事带来的结果，迫使她打车上学。 【考点06】书面表达（应用文畅想未来科技） 考法：写一封邀请信，邀请你的朋友参加 “科技改变生活” 主题分享会。 必用句式： 1.I’m writing to invite you to …（写信目的） 2.It will be held…（举办时间地点） 3.We would appreciate it if you could…（如果你能够…… 我们将十分感激） 4.Looking forward to your reply.（期待你的回信） 写作任务（仿高考真题）： 　　假定你是李华，你校英语社团将举办一场 “科技改变生活” 主题分享会，请你给外教 Caroline 写一封邮件，邀请她参加分享会。 要点： 1. 活动时间：下周五下午 4 点，学校报告厅； 2. 活动内容：学生分享对智能家居的看法； 3. 希望她做简短发言。 注意：词数 80 左右；格式完整。 参考范文 Dear Caroline, 　　I’m writing to invite you to take part in our English club’s sharing activity "Technology Changes Our Life.” 　　It will be held in our school lecture hall at 4 p.m. next Friday. At the activity, some students will share their opinions on smart‑home technology. We would appreciate it if you could give us a short speech about modern technology. I hope you can come. Looking forward to your reply. 　　Yours, Li Hua 辨析01 persuade sb to do vs persuade sb into doing 短语 用法 例句 persuade sb to do sth 说服某人去做（不定式结构） I persuaded him to join the research team. persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事（介词into +动名词） We persuaded him into giving up that impractical plan. 　　补充：try to persuade sb to do 尽力劝说（未必成功）。 辨析02 as /which 引导非限制性定语从句 关系词 　　位置 　　翻译 　　例句 as 可放句首 / 句中 / 句末 正如 As we all know, science changes our lives. which 只可放主句之后 这件事 He failed in the experiment, which disappointed him greatly. 辨析03 insist 两种语义语气对比 词义 从句语气 例句 坚决要求、命令 虚拟 (should) do He insisted that we (should) take full advantage of lab resources. 坚持认为、陈述事实 陈述真实时态 He insisted that he had never made such a mistake. 辨析 04 before 经典句型汇总 句型 中文释义 　　例句 It will be+时间段+before… 要过多久才…… It will be two years before we take the college entrance examination. 还要过两年我们才能参加高考。 It won’t be long before… 不久就会…… It won’t be long before we meet again after the mid‑term exam. 期中考试过后，不久我们就会再次见面。 It was+时间段+before… 过了多久才（过去） It was three months before he realized his mistakes in study. 过了三个月，他才意识到自己学习上的错误。 It wasn’t long before… 没过多久就（过去） It wasn’t long before he made great progress in English. 没过多久，他的英语就取得了巨大进步。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量 / 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 派生词变形 根据汉语提示写 commitment、consequently 10 题 ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、虚拟语气、定语从句、时态 The scientist was fully (commit) to his career. 12 题 ★★ 完成句子 重点句型仿写 要过很多年普通人才能够享受全套智能家居：It will be many years before ordinary people can enjoy full sets of smart‑home devices. 8 题 ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词变形 方框词 commit, evaluate, integrate, persuade 填入短文 8 题 ★★ 单项选择 易混辨析（insist; as/which; persuade） 10 题 ★★ 句型转换 同义改写：It will be some time before… 改写 5 题 ★★★ 短语翻译 汉译英：致力于；对…… 做贡献；从…… 转变为 10 题 ★ 词义配对 短语与释义连线 8 题 ★ 技巧 一句话要点 派生词变形 先判断空格在句中充当名词 / 形容词 / 副词，再变换词形，注意固定搭配 be committed to insist 解题两步走 翻译句子语义；“坚决要求” 用 (should) do；“坚持认为” 用陈述时态 非限制性定语从句 看见逗号隔开的从句，禁用 that；指整件事优先 which；放句首多用 as before 句型 抓主句时态，will be 搭配将来；was 搭配过去事件；分清 “还要多久才 / 没过多久就” the instant/moment 连词陷阱 后面直接接完整从句，不再额外加 when 介词 to 陷阱 看见 to，先分辨是介词还是不定式；固定短语 commit to /be opposed to 后接 doing 将来进行时 找时间标志 “将来某具体时刻”，用 will be doing 书面表达人物 / 科技主题 优先用上 It is crucial for… As is known… It won’t be long before…提升作文档次 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式。 1.Under difficult c______________（环境）, he still obtained remarkable scientific achievements. 2.It is c______________（至关重要的） to keep objective when carrying out experiments. 3.He a______________（公开感谢） his teammates for their support in his speech. 4.Smart technology enables us to i______________（融合） high-tech with daily life. 5.There is a clear d______________（差别） between the two experimental results. 6. He c______________（致力于） himself to learning English well. 7. Nothing can d______________（打败） him, because he is brave enough. 8. She i______________（坚持认为） that she had done nothing wrong. 9.We drew a c______________（结论） from the results of the experiment. 10. She has made r______________（显著的） progress in English this term. 11.Every student has the p______________（潜力） to succeed. 12. I’m not a______________（有空的） this afternoon because I have a meeting. 13.Many people o______________（反对） building a factory near the river. 14.The teacher a______________（倡议） reading English aloud every morning. 15. Our teacher always e______________（强调） the importance of practice. 参考答案： 1.circumstances 2.crucial 3.acknowledged 4.integrate 5.distinction 　　6.committed 7.defeat 8.insisted 9.conclusion 10.remarkable 　　11.potential 12.available 13.oppose 14.advocates 15.emphasizes 【题型二】真题实战 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.（2024 新高考 Ⅱ 卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia"， add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon. 2.（2025 北京卷）Tourists left large amounts of food waste last year, ______accounted for about 8% of the total global greenhouse‑gas release. 3.（2023 全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy a peaceful existence with its surroundings. 4.（2024 新课标 Ⅰ 卷）Many researchers are fully _________(commit) to exploring more possibilities of traditional medicine. 5.（2022 新高考 Ⅱ 卷）The smart equipment can work automatically, _________(free) people from heavy housework. 6.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the __________(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 7.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not _____________ (objective) true, and that giants, two-headed dragons, etc. do not exist. 8.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The Shorter Oxford Dictionary contains around 163，000 words, plus word ________________(combine) and idiomatic phrases. 9.(2023·全国甲卷）I must add that I started reading the books from the start, as opposed to ____________(work) backwards.　 10.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写） When the door opened, my brother's eyes widened in surprise. ____________ he could speak（他还没来得及开口）, I handed him the biscuits, saying sorry to him sincerely. 参考答案：1.who 2.which 3.where 4.committed 5.freeing 6.absence 7.objectively 8.combinations 9.working 10.Before 【题型三】完成句子 1.正如大家所知，坚持科学研究需要巨大的投入。（as 引导非限制性定语从句） As is known to all, sticking to scientific research calls for great commitment. 2.他一收到实验报告，就开始分析数据。（the instant引导时间状语从句） The instant he received the experiment report, he set about analysing the data. 3.还要过好几年这种新技术才能被广泛应用。（It will be…before…) It will be several years before this new technology comes into wide use. 4.这位科学家坚决要求把更多资金投入基础科学。（insist虚拟语气） The scientist insisted that more funds (should) be put into basic science. 5.智能家居解放双手，让我们拥有更多休闲时光。（现在分词作结果状语） Smart-home technology frees our hands, giving us more leisure time. 6.我们大家都认为班长是一个慷慨、善良、能干的人，所以他会适合这个职位。 It is widely acknowledged that our monitor is a generous, kind-hearted and competent person, so he will be suitable for the position. 7.在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃这个宝贵的机会。 In/Under no circumstances should we give up this valuable opportunity. 8.如同太阳温暖大地，一句善意的话能在糟糕的日子里温暖一个人的心灵。 Just as the sun warms the earth, a kind word can warm a person's heart on a bad day. 9.尽管我疲惫不堪，但我还是设法到达了终点。 Tired and exhausted as I was, I managed to make it to the finish point. 10.如果你能提前告知我你是否有空，我将感激不尽。 I'd appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are available ahead of time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $