知识清单03 选必第一册 Unit 5 重点词汇、短语、句型清单 - 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019）

清单03选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Unit 5  Working the land 词性转换 1.____________ vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→____________ adj. 确信的→____________ adj. 令人信服的 2．____________ vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的→____________ n. 热爱；献身；专心；忠诚 3．____________ n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→____________ v. 消耗；耗费→____________ n. 消费者 4．____________ n. 现实；实际情况；事实→____________ adj. 真的；现实的→____________ adv. 真正地；事实上 5．____________ adj. 含盐的；咸的→____________ n. 食盐 6．____________ n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→____________ v. 假定；假设 7．____________ vt.&vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→____________ n. 扩大；膨胀 8．____________ n. 不足；缺少；短缺→____________ adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→____________ v. (使)变短；缩短 9．____________ adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→____________ adj. 完全的；完整的 10．____________ n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→____________ v. 使延长；扩大 11．____________ n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→____________ adj. 深的；纵深的→____________ adv. 非常；深刻地 12．____________ n. 贫穷；贫困→____________ adj. 贫穷的→____________ adv. 糟糕地；不适 13．____________ adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品→____________ n. 化学→____________ n. 化学家；药剂师 14．____________ n. 营养；滋养→____________ adj. 营养(物)的→____________ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 15．____________ adj. 传统的；习惯的→____________ n. 惯例；习俗 16．____________ adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→____________ n. 增强；加剧；紧张 17．____________ vt.&vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟→____________ 化；消化能力 核心单词 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于 (1)devote ... to ...　把……用于……；献身；致力；专心 devote oneself to  献身于……；致力于…… (2)be devoted to (doing) sth.   专心于……；奉献于…… ①Medical workers devoted  themselves to treating patients during the break of COVID­19.在新冠病毒爆发期间，医疗工作者致力于治疗病人。 ②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) Regardless of the risk  of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.不顾感染的风险，李叔叔对自己的工作很有责任心，并且专心于工作。 2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 (1)convince sb.to do sth.　说服某人做某事 convince sb.of sth.  使某人相信某事 convince sb.that ...  使某人相信…… (2)be convinced that ...  确信…… ①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I want to convince  them of  my enthusiasm for the job.我想使他们相信我殷切希望得到这份工作。 ②(2018·天津高考书面表达) I am convinced  that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results.我相信，在我们的共同努力下，我们无疑能够取得良好的结果。 3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 (1)make an assumption　认为；假定 on the assumption that ... 假定…… (2)assume sb./sth.to  be  假定/假设某人/物为…… assume that ...  假定/假设…… It is assumed that ...  被认为…… (3)assuming (that)．..  假设/假定…… ①Try to understand what's  actually happening instead of acting on the assumption you've made.试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。 ②It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much schoolwork.普遍认为，压力是学业过重所致。 ③Assuming that the weather is favorable，farmers will have a yield.假如风调雨顺，农民将获丰收。4．alternative n．可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的 have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 have the alternative of doing sth.   有做某事的选择 there's no alternative ...  别无选择…… ①Failure is the mother of  success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure  bravely and learn from it.失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择只有勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。 ②You have the  alternative of riding or walking when travelling along the West Lake. 当你沿着西湖旅行的时候，你可以在坐车或步行中选择一种。 ③There is no alternative for people but to protect the environment.人们别无选择只有保护环境。 重点短语 1.be comprised of... 包括......；包含......；由……组成(或构成) The committee is comprised of representatives from both public and private sectors.委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。 Groups are comprised of two or more people.小组由两人或两人以上组成。 [知识拓展] be composed of...由……组成 consist of...由……组成 be made up of...由……组成，构成 救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。 The rescue team is composed of eight soldiers and two doctors.＝ The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.＝The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and two doctors. [名师点津] consist of...没有被动语态，相当于be made up of...或be composed of...，且不用于进行时。 2.deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 Deep down, Yuan Longping is still very much a farmer at heart.在内心深处，袁隆平还是一个很有农民情怀的人。 → deeply adv. 很，非常；强烈地，深深地 → deepen vi.&vt. 加深,加深（理解） → depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度） in depth 全面；深入；详细at a depth of... 在...的深处 3.in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. 这影响生长在土地上的农作物，转而又影响消化他们的动物和人类。 4.far from... 几乎相反，远非；远离 [表示具体距离时用(away) from不用far from] However, this is far from the case.  然而，事实远非如此。 I know a good Chinese restaurant not far from here。我知道有家不错的中国餐馆离这里不远。 重点句式 1.what引导主语从句 (教材P50)However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 句式分析：句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句。 [例1]　What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。 [例2]　What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。 [知识拓展] what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 What made her angry was not clear.是什么使他哭的还不清楚。 [名师点津]  what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略。It's the best that you should work hard．你最好还是努力工作。 2.It is/was＋过去分词＋that... (教材P50～51)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。 句式分析：句中it is estimated that“据估算”为 “It is/was＋过去分词＋that...” 结构。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 [例1]　It is estimated that every year 50 unaccompanied children arrive in Britain.据估计，每年有50名儿童独自来到英国。 [例2]　It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.据估计这花瓶有两千年历史。 [知识拓展] (1)常用于此结构的动词有say，report，think，hope，suggest，believe，require，announce等。 (2)此句型可改写为“sb./sth.＋be said/believed/thought＋to do”或“people say/think...(that)...”结构。 It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.这次会议预计要开4天。 It is said that he has passed the driving test.→He is said to have passed the driving test.据说他已经通过了驾照考试。 3.given that...引导的状语从句 (教材P51)Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 句式分析：given that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。 [例1]　Given that they're inexperienced, they've done a good job.在缺乏经验的情况下， 他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。 [例2]　Given that he gracefully apologized, the woman accepted his apology.在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。 [知识拓展] (1)用作give 的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。 (2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。 (3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。 (4)given 后也可接 that 从句，表示“考虑到”。 If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better. →Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. Given her interest in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. →Given that she is interested in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. 短语背诵 1.被称为 _____________________________________ 2.认为他己是农民_____________________________________ 3.耕种土地 _____________________________________ 4.致力于;献身于 _____________________________________ 5._____________________________________ tackle this crisis 6._____________________________________ choose to study agriculture 7._____________________________________work as a researcher 8.提高产量 _____________________________________ 9._____________________________________ a matter of great debate 10.通过不解的努力 _____________________________________ 11._____________________________________ expand the output 12.据估计...... _____________________________________   13.由……组成 _____________________________________ 14._____________________________________depend on rice as well 15._____________________________________because of his invaluable contributions 16悠闲的全活 _____________________________________ 17.事实远非如此 _____________________________________ 18.在内心深处 _____________________________________ 19.不太在乎名声和金钱 _____________________________________ 20._____________________________________ make large donations to support agricultural research 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 清单03选择性必修第一册Unit 5 Unit 5  Working the land 词性转换 1.____________ vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→____________ adj. 确信的→____________ adj. 令人信服的 2．____________ vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的→____________ n. 热爱；献身；专心；忠诚 3．____________ n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→____________ v. 消耗；耗费→____________ n. 消费者 4．____________ n. 现实；实际情况；事实→____________ adj. 真的；现实的→____________ adv. 真正地；事实上 5．____________ adj. 含盐的；咸的→____________ n. 食盐 6．____________ n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→____________ v. 假定；假设 7．____________ vt.&vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→____________ n. 扩大；膨胀 8．____________ n. 不足；缺少；短缺→____________ adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→____________ v. (使)变短；缩短 9．____________ adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→____________ adj. 完全的；完整的 10．____________ n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→____________ v. 使延长；扩大 11．____________ n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→____________ adj. 深的；纵深的→____________ adv. 非常；深刻地 12．____________ n. 贫穷；贫困→____________ adj. 贫穷的→____________ adv. 糟糕地；不适 13．____________ adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品→____________ n. 化学→____________ n. 化学家；药剂师 14．____________ n. 营养；滋养→____________ adj. 营养(物)的→____________ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 15．____________ adj. 传统的；习惯的→____________ n. 惯例；习俗 16．____________ adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→____________ n. 增强；加剧；紧张 17．____________ vt.&vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟→____________ 化；消化能力 【答案】 1.convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→convinced adj. 确信的→convincing adj. 令人信服的 2．devote vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的→devotion n. 热爱；献身；专心；忠诚 3．consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→consume v. 消耗；耗费→consumer n. 消费者 4．reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实→real adj. 真的；现实的→really adv. 真正地；事实上 5．salty adj. 含盐的；咸的→salt n. 食盐 6．assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v. 假定；假设 7．expand vt.&vi. 扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n. 扩大；膨胀 8．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→shorten v. (使)变短；缩短 9．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj. 完全的；完整的 10．extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend v. 使延长；扩大 11．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj. 深的；纵深的→deeply adv. 非常；深刻地 12．poverty n. 贫穷；贫困→poor adj. 贫穷的→poorly adv. 糟糕地；不适 13．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品→chemistry n. 化学→chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 14．nutrition n. 营养；滋养→nutritional adj. 营养(物)的→nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 15．conventional adj. 传统的；习惯的→convention n. 惯例；习俗 16．intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→intensity n. 增强；加剧；紧张 17．digest vt.&vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟→digestion 化；消化能力 核心单词 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于 (1)devote ... to ...　把……用于……；献身；致力；专心 devote oneself to  献身于……；致力于…… (2)be devoted to (doing) sth.   专心于……；奉献于…… ①Medical workers devoted  themselves to treating patients during the break of COVID­19.在新冠病毒爆发期间，医疗工作者致力于治疗病人。 ②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) Regardless of the risk  of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.不顾感染的风险，李叔叔对自己的工作很有责任心，并且专心于工作。 2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 (1)convince sb.to do sth.　说服某人做某事 convince sb.of sth.  使某人相信某事 convince sb.that ...  使某人相信…… (2)be convinced that ...  确信…… ①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I want to convince  them of  my enthusiasm for the job.我想使他们相信我殷切希望得到这份工作。 ②(2018·天津高考书面表达) I am convinced  that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results.我相信，在我们的共同努力下，我们无疑能够取得良好的结果。 3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 (1)make an assumption　认为；假定 on the assumption that ... 假定…… (2)assume sb./sth.to  be  假定/假设某人/物为…… assume that ...  假定/假设…… It is assumed that ...  被认为…… (3)assuming (that)．..  假设/假定…… ①Try to understand what's  actually happening instead of acting on the assumption you've made.试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。 ②It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much schoolwork.普遍认为，压力是学业过重所致。 ③Assuming that the weather is favorable，farmers will have a yield.假如风调雨顺，农民将获丰收。4．alternative n．可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的 have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 have the alternative of doing sth.   有做某事的选择 there's no alternative ...  别无选择…… ①Failure is the mother of  success.Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no alternative but to face failure  bravely and learn from it.失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择只有勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。 ②You have the  alternative of riding or walking when travelling along the West Lake. 当你沿着西湖旅行的时候，你可以在坐车或步行中选择一种。 ③There is no alternative for people but to protect the environment.人们别无选择只有保护环境。 重点短语 1.be comprised of... 包括......；包含......；由……组成(或构成) The committee is comprised of representatives from both public and private sectors.委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。 Groups are comprised of two or more people.小组由两人或两人以上组成。 [知识拓展] be composed of...由……组成 consist of...由……组成 be made up of...由……组成，构成 救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。 The rescue team is composed of eight soldiers and two doctors.＝ The rescue team consists of eight soldiers and two doctors.＝The rescue team is made up of eight soldiers and two doctors. [名师点津] consist of...没有被动语态，相当于be made up of...或be composed of...，且不用于进行时。 2.deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 Deep down, Yuan Longping is still very much a farmer at heart.在内心深处，袁隆平还是一个很有农民情怀的人。 → deeply adv. 很，非常；强烈地，深深地 → deepen vi.&vt. 加深,加深（理解） → depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度） in depth 全面；深入；详细at a depth of... 在...的深处 3.in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. 这影响生长在土地上的农作物，转而又影响消化他们的动物和人类。 4.far from... 几乎相反，远非；远离 [表示具体距离时用(away) from不用far from] However, this is far from the case.  然而，事实远非如此。 I know a good Chinese restaurant not far from here。我知道有家不错的中国餐馆离这里不远。 重点句式 1.what引导主语从句 (教材P50)However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 句式分析：句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句。 [例1]　What we need is money.我们需要的是钱。 [例2]　What I want to know is this.我想知道的就是这一点。 [知识拓展] what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 What made her angry was not clear.是什么使他哭的还不清楚。 [名师点津]  what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略。It's the best that you should work hard．你最好还是努力工作。 2.It is/was＋过去分词＋that... (教材P50～51)Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物。 句式分析：句中it is estimated that“据估算”为 “It is/was＋过去分词＋that...” 结构。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 [例1]　It is estimated that every year 50 unaccompanied children arrive in Britain.据估计，每年有50名儿童独自来到英国。 [例2]　It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.据估计这花瓶有两千年历史。 [知识拓展] (1)常用于此结构的动词有say，report，think，hope，suggest，believe，require，announce等。 (2)此句型可改写为“sb./sth.＋be said/believed/thought＋to do”或“people say/think...(that)...”结构。 It is estimated that the meeting will last four days.这次会议预计要开4天。 It is said that he has passed the driving test.→He is said to have passed the driving test.据说他已经通过了驾照考试。 3.given that...引导的状语从句 (教材P51)Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 句式分析：given that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。 [例1]　Given that they're inexperienced, they've done a good job.在缺乏经验的情况下， 他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。 [例2]　Given that he gracefully apologized, the woman accepted his apology.在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。 [知识拓展] (1)用作give 的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。 (2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。 (3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。 (4)given 后也可接 that 从句，表示“考虑到”。 If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better. →Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. Given her interest in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. →Given that she is interested in children, I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. 短语背诵 1.被称为 _____________________________________ 2.认为他己是农民_____________________________________ 3.耕种土地 _____________________________________ 4.致力于;献身于 _____________________________________ 5._____________________________________ tackle this crisis 6._____________________________________ choose to study agriculture 7._____________________________________work as a researcher 8.提高产量 _____________________________________ 9._____________________________________ a matter of great debate 10.通过不解的努力 _____________________________________ 11._____________________________________ expand the output 12.据估计...... _____________________________________   13.由……组成 _____________________________________ 14._____________________________________depend on rice as well 15._____________________________________because of his invaluable contributions 16悠闲的全活 _____________________________________ 17.事实远非如此 _____________________________________ 18.在内心深处 _____________________________________ 19.不太在乎名声和金钱 _____________________________________ 20._____________________________________ make large donations to support agricultural research 【答案】 1.被称为 （be） known as 2.认为他己是农民 consider himself a farmer 3.耕种土地 work the land 4.致力于;献身于 devote one's life to 5.应对这一危机 tackle this crisis 6.选择学习农业 choose to study agriculture 7.从事研究工作 work as a researcher 8.提高产量 boost yields 9.有很大争议的问题 a matter of great debate 10.通过不解的努力 through intense effort 11.扩大产量 expand the output 12.据估计...... It is estimated that……   13.由……组成 be comprised of 14.也依赖大米depend on rice as well 15.因为他的不可估量的贡献 because of his invaluable contributions 16悠闲的全活 a life of leisure 17.事实远非如此 be far from the case 18.在内心深处 deep down 19.不太在乎名声和金钱 care little for celebrity or money 20.大量捐款以支持农业研究 make large donations to support agricultural research 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$