人与自然·生态守护与万物共生（武汉湖北特色版）2027届高考英语跨版本一轮复习讲义

人与自然·生态守护与万物共生 高考英语跨版本一轮复习讲义 【武汉·湖北特色版】人教/外研/北师/译林 四版本整合 【编写说明】本讲义建议2课时完成：第1课时核心词汇+默写检测，第2课时写作板块+讲评。所有练习答案统一附在第四部分，便于课堂检测和课后自查。 讲义定位 一、话题定位 本话题归“人与自然”主题，子话题涵盖自然环境保护、生物多样性保护、人与自然和谐共生。湖北是长江干线流经最长的省份（1061公里），武汉是长江中游核心城市，拥有沉湖国际重要湿地、东湖绿道、武汉园博园（垃圾场改造）等生态名片；湖北还拥有神农架、武当山、明显陵、唐崖土司城等世界遗产。武汉是全球首个千万级人口的“国际湿地城市”，据2025年监测，越冬水鸟达25万只，长江江豚种群恢复至1426头。“生态守护”与“万物共生”在这里交汇。这个话题高考年年都考，2025年全国一卷阅读考了交通脱碳和微塑料污染，听力考了城市洪水，语法填空考了围棋文化遗产。 二、跨版本单元链 人教版：选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Journey across a vast land / 选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection 外研版：必修第一册Unit 6 At one with nature 北师版：选择性必修第一册Unit 3 Conservation 译林版：必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance 一轮复习别孤立背单词，把环境保护、野生动物保护、生态修复、人与自然和谐相处的词串成串。 三、高考占比 近五年高考环保话题年年考：2025年全国一卷阅读A篇考交通绿色能源脱碳、阅读D篇考微塑料污染、听力18-20题考城市洪水与气候变化；2024年新课标卷阅读考了城市生物多样性；2023年新高考I卷阅读考了John Todd“生态机器”处理污水、新高考II卷考了城市居民与自然互动、全国甲卷考了灰熊保护。应用文考过环保倡议信和校园植物活动报道，续写考过人与自然和谐相处。本话题的prevent、protect、preserve、conserve、affect、effect、survive等词都是高考常客，一定要拿下。 四、复习方法 ①先过课本：四版本相关单元单词、句型、课文全部过关，这是根本。 ②再串话题：把环境保护、野生动物保护、生态修复的词串起来，别零散地记。 ③最后练题：用高考真题句子做小试牛刀，应用文练征文投稿，读后续写练人与自然和谐相处。 本讲义按这个思路编写：第一部分基础知识清单（看的），第二部分默写检测（写的），第三部分写作板块（应用文+续写），第四部分答案解析。 第一部分 基础知识清单（看的） 一、核心词汇精讲（按高考考频精选14个，四版本去重整合） 每个词单独成表，先看讲解，再做小试牛刀。训练题全部融入武汉·湖北场景。 ★ prevent 【考频】★★★★★vt. 阻止；阻碍；预防 【常考搭配】prevent/stop/keep...from doing 阻止……做；prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做；prevention n.预防；preventable adj.可预防的 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】prevent...from doing是环保话题核心搭配。 【难点·易错】主动语态中stop/prevent的from可省略，但keep...from doing的from不可省略；被动语态中三个搭配的from都不可省略。派生词prevention n.预防，Prevention is better than cure.“预防胜于治疗”。 【写作运用】生态保护：The ten-year fishing ban aims to prevent the finless porpoise from going extinct and restore the river's biodiversity. 十年禁渔旨在阻止长江江豚灭绝，恢复河流生物多样性。 【例句】The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 平坦的梯田接住雨水，防止土壤被冲走。 【小试牛刀】We must keep the children ________ getting close to the dangerous wetland without protection. ★ protect 【考频】★★★★★vt. 保护；防护 【常考搭配】protect...from/against 保护……免受；protect the environment 保护环境；protect wildlife 保护野生动物；protection n.保护；protective adj.保护的 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】protect...from/against doing是环保话题最核心搭配。 【难点】protection n.保护，under the protection of“在……保护下”；protective adj.保护的。注意protect和prevent/defend/preserve的区别：protect是“保护免受伤害”，prevent是“阻止发生”，defend是“防御”，preserve是“保存（原状）”。 【写作运用】神农架保护：Shennongjia National Park protects rare species like the golden snub-nosed monkey and preserves its pristine forest ecosystem. 神农架国家公园保护金丝猴等珍稀物种，保存原始森林生态系统。 【例句】We should take action to protect the environment from being further polluted. 我们应该采取行动保护环境免受进一步污染。 【小试牛刀】The wetland serves as a natural barrier, ________ (protect) the city from floods. ★ preserve 【考频】★★★★☆vt. 保护；维护；保存；保鲜 【常考搭配】preserve cultural heritage 保护文化遗产；preserve the ecosystem 保护生态系统；preserve food 保鲜；preservation n.保存；well-preserved adj.保存完好的 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】preserve强调“保存原状、使之不变”，文化遗产保护用preserve cultural heritage，生态保护用preserve the ecosystem。 【难点】湖北拥有武当山、明显陵、唐崖土司城等世界文化遗产。派生词preservation n.保存，well-preserved adj.“保存完好的”。 【写作运用】文化遗产：Hubei has made great efforts to preserve its cultural heritage, including the ancient building complex of Wudang Mountains and the Xianling Mausoleum. 湖北大力保护文化遗产，包括武当山古建筑群和明显陵。 【例句】We should take measures to preserve the traditional culture from disappearing. 我们应该采取措施保护传统文化不致消失。 【小试牛刀】The ancient town has been well ________ (preserve), attracting thousands of tourists every year. ★ conserve 【考频】★★★★☆vt. 保护；保存；节约（资源） 【常考搭配】conserve energy 节约能源；conserve water 节约用水；conserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性；conservation n.保护；conservationist n.环保主义者 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】conserve强调“节约使用、不浪费”资源，如conserve energy/water。 【难点】conservation n.保护（尤指自然资源、动植物），nature conservation“自然保护”，wildlife conservation“野生动物保护”。conservationist n.“环保主义者”。 【写作运用】节约资源：To conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions, Wuhan has promoted green transportation, including electric buses and shared bikes. 为节约能源、减少碳排放，武汉推广绿色交通，包括电动公交和共享单车。 【例句】We must conserve water and energy to build a sustainable future. 我们必须节约水和能源，建设可持续的未来。 【小试牛刀】The ________ (conserve) of biodiversity is one of the greatest challenges of our time. ★ affect 【考频】★★★★☆vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 【常考搭配】be affected by 受……影响（by＋事物）；be affected with 染上（疾病）；affection n.喜爱；affected adj.受影响的 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】affect是动词“影响”，effect是名词“影响”，形相近词性不同，高考语法填空高频。表“受……影响”用be affected by＋事物，表“染病”才用be affected with＋疾病。 【难点】派生词affected adj.受影响的，本话题下比affection更常用。 【写作运用】长江生态：Overfishing and water pollution have seriously affected the finless porpoise population in the Yangtze River, pushing them to the edge of extinction. 过度捕捞和水污染严重影响了长江江豚数量，把它们推向灭绝边缘。 【例句】The entire region was deeply affected by the severe drought, leading to widespread crop failure. 整个地区深受严重干旱影响，导致农作物大面积歉收。 【小试牛刀】The construction of the Yangtze River bridges has greatly ________ (affect) the migration patterns of fish. ★ effect 【考频】★★★★☆n. 影响；结果；效果 【常考搭配】have an effect/influence/impact on 对……有影响；come into effect/take effect 生效；in effect 实际上；side effect 副作用；greenhouse effect 温室效应；effective adj.有效的 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】effect是名词“影响”，affect是动词“影响”。have an effect on是环保话题高频搭配。 【难点】come into effect“生效”是常考短语。派生词effective adj.有效的，effectively adv.有效地。 【写作运用】十年禁渔效果：The ten-year fishing ban has had a positive effect on the Yangtze River ecosystem, with finless porpoises returning to the Wuhan section. 十年禁渔对长江生态系统产生了积极影响，江豚重返武汉江段。 【例句】The new law aimed at reducing plastic waste will come into effect next year. 这项旨在减少塑料垃圾的新法律将于明年生效。 【小试牛刀】The ten-year fishing ban has had a positive effect ________ the Yangtze River ecosystem. ★ survive 【考频】★★★★☆vi. & vt. 生存；幸存；比……活得长 【常考搭配】survive sth 从……中幸存；survive on 靠……生存；survival n.幸存；survivor n.幸存者 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】survive是环保话题核心词，“从灭绝中幸存”用survive extinction。 【难点·易错】✗ survive from；✓ survive。survive是及物动词，直接接宾语，加from是中式英语。派生词survival n.幸存，survivor n.幸存者，三个词语法填空轮流考。 【写作运用】江豚幸存：Thanks to conservation efforts, the finless porpoise has survived in the Yangtze River for millions of years, and now its population is slowly recovering. 多亏保护努力，江豚在长江生存了数百万年，如今数量正缓慢恢复。 【例句】Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of surviving the terrible flood. 掌握一些基本技能会大大增加你在可怕洪水中幸存的几率。 【小试牛刀】The finless porpoise is one of the few species that has ________ (survive) in the Yangtze River for millions of years. ★ species 【考频】★★★☆☆n. 物种；种 【常考搭配】endangered species 濒危物种；rare species 稀有物种；native species 本地物种；species diversity 物种多样性；a species of 一种…… 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】species是野生动物保护话题核心词，单复数同形，如one species/many species。 【难点】endangered species“濒危物种”。注意species单复数同形，谓语动词根据语境判断。 【写作运用】生物多样性：Shennongjia National Park is home to over 3,000 species of plants and 500 species of animals, including the endangered golden snub-nosed monkey. 神农架国家公园是3000多种植物和500多种动物的家园，包括濒危的金丝猴。 【例句】Many species are in danger of extinction due to habitat loss and climate change. 由于栖息地丧失和气候变化，许多物种濒临灭绝。 【小试牛刀】The finless porpoise is an ________ (danger) species unique to the Yangtze River. ★ habitat 【考频】★★★☆☆n. 栖息地；生活环境 【常考搭配】natural habitat 自然栖息地；habitat loss 栖息地丧失；destroy/protect habitat 破坏/保护栖息地；habitat destruction 栖息地破坏 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】habitat是野生动物保护话题核心词，habitat loss（栖息地丧失）是物种灭绝的主要原因。 【难点】habitat的复数是habitats。注意和habit（习惯）的区别，只差一个字母。 【写作运用】湿地栖息地：Chenhu Wetland in Wuhan provides important habitats for over 110,000 migratory birds every winter, making it an internationally significant wetland. 武汉沉湖湿地每年冬天为超过11万只候鸟提供重要栖息地，是国际重要湿地。 【例句】The destruction of natural habitats is the main cause of species extinction. 自然栖息地的破坏是物种灭绝的主要原因。 【小试牛刀】The loss of ________ (habitat) has pushed many species to the edge of extinction. ★ ecosystem 【考频】★★★☆☆n. 生态系统 【常考搭配】natural ecosystem 自然生态系统；restore the ecosystem 恢复生态系统；destroy the ecosystem 破坏生态系统；ecosystem protection 生态系统保护 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】ecosystem是环保话题核心词，由eco-（生态）+system（系统）构成。restore the ecosystem（恢复生态系统）是长江大保护的核心目标。 【难点】ecosystem是可数名词，复数是ecosystems。派生词ecological adj.生态的，ecology n.生态学。 【写作运用】长江生态修复：The Yangtze River finless porpoise is an indicator species of the river's ecosystem health; its return signals the success of ecological restoration efforts. 长江江豚是河流生态系统健康的指示物种，它的回归标志着生态修复的成功。 【例句】Human activities have seriously damaged the natural ecosystem, leading to climate change and species extinction. 人类活动严重破坏了自然生态系统，导致气候变化和物种灭绝。 【小试牛刀】The ten-year fishing ban aims to restore the Yangtze River ________ (ecosystem) and protect biodiversity. ★ delicate 【考频】★★★☆☆adj. 脆弱的；易碎的；精美的；微妙的 【常考搭配】delicate ecosystem 脆弱的生态系统；delicate balance 微妙的平衡；delicate health 虚弱的身体；delicate silk 精美的丝绸 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】delicate是外研版选必一青藏铁路语篇的核心词，the delicate ecosystem“脆弱的生态系统”是环保话题高频表达。 【难点】delicate有多个意思：“脆弱的”（生态系统/平衡）、“精美的”（丝绸/工艺品）、“微妙的”（关系/问题），阅读中常考熟词生义。 【写作运用】脆弱生态：The ecosystem of Shennongjia is delicate and easily damaged, which is why it was listed as a World Natural Heritage site for strict protection. 神农架生态系统脆弱易损，因此被列为世界自然遗产加以严格保护。 【例句】How to protect the delicate ecosystem was one of the top concerns during the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. 如何保护脆弱的生态系统是青藏铁路建设期间最受关注的问题之一。 【小试牛刀】The wetland ecosystem is ________ (delicate) balanced and easily affected by human activities. ★ treatment 【考频】★★★☆☆n. 治疗；疗法；对待方式 【常考搭配】under treatment 在治疗中；a treatment for ……的治疗方法；treat...as 把……当作；treat sb for 为某人治疗；treat oneself/sb to sth 款待 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】treatment是本话题高频词，既可指“治疗”也可指“对待方式”，environmental treatment“环境治理”。 【难点】treat v.对待；治疗；招待。注意treat...as（把……当作）和treat sb for（为某人治疗）的介词区别。派生词treatment n.治疗。 【写作运用】污水治理：Wuhan has invested heavily in the treatment of sewage and industrial wastewater, greatly improving the water quality of the East Lake. 武汉大力投入污水和工业废水治理，东湖水质大幅改善。 【例句】He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. 20年前，当他遭受严重背痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。 【小试牛刀】She is still ________ treatment in hospital but is getting better and better. ★ tolerate 【考频】★★★☆☆vt. 忍受；包容；容许 【常考搭配】tolerate (sb) doing sth 容忍（某人）做某事；have (no) tolerance of/for sb/sth （不）能容忍；be tolerant of/towards sb/sth 宽容/容忍 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】tolerate是环保话题高频词，“不能容忍环境污染”用cannot tolerate environmental pollution。 【难点】tolerance n.容忍；忍耐力；tolerant adj.宽容的。注意tolerate后接动名词，不接不定式。 【写作运用】环保包容：The local residents cannot tolerate the noise and air pollution caused by the factory near the East Lake Greenway. 当地居民无法忍受东湖绿道附近工厂造成的噪音和空气污染。 【例句】Understanding, love and tolerance are the first three essentials that come before an authentic friendship. 理解、爱和宽容是真正友谊之前的三个首要要素。 【小试牛刀】She is ________ (tolerate) of others' comments which cannot be tolerated by us. ★ harmony 【考频】★★★☆☆n. 融洽；和谐 【常考搭配】in harmony with 与……和谐相处；live in harmony 和谐共处；harmonious adj.和谐的；harmoniously adv.和谐地 【巧记/辨析】 【重点】harmony是本话题核心词，“人与自然和谐相处”用live in harmony with nature，是读后续写和应用文的高频主题。 【难点】harmonious adj.和谐的，a harmonious relationship“和谐的关系”。注意in harmony with中的with不可省略。 【写作运用】人与自然：Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and our planet. 只有学会与大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。 【例句】These tribes are a classic case of people living in harmony with their environment. 这些部落是人与自然环境和谐共处的典型案例。 【小试牛刀】These tribes are a classic case of people living in ________ (harmonious) with their environment. 二、词形变化（本话题所有派生词） 语法填空常考这些。★是近五年高考考过的。 词根 名词 形容词 副词 备注 ★prevent prevention preventable 阻止；预防；可预防的 ★protect protection protective 保护；保护的 ★preserve preservation preservative 保存；保护；防腐剂 ★conserve conservation conservative 保护；节约；保守的 ★affect effect/affection affected 影响；受影响的（注：affect作“影响”时名词用effect；affection表“喜爱”） ★effect effect effective effectively 影响；有效的；有效地 ★survive survival/survivor 生存；幸存；幸存者 ★danger danger dangerous dangerously 危险；濒危的 ★extinct extinction extinct 灭绝；灭绝的 ★pollute pollution polluted 污染；被污染的 ★sustain sustainability sustainable sustainably 维持；可持续性；可持续的 ★ecology ecology ecological ecologically 生态；生态学；生态的 ★environment environment environmental environmentally 环境；环境的 ★harmony harmony harmonious harmoniously 和谐；和谐的 ★tolerate tolerance tolerant 容忍；宽容的 ★treat treatment 对待；治疗 三、重点语块 这些语块写作和完形里常考，必须会用。融入武汉·湖北场景。 take measures to do 采取措施做 prevent...from doing 阻止……做 protect...from/against 保护……免受 preserve cultural heritage 保护文化遗产 conserve energy 节约能源 be home to 是……的家园 in harmony with 与……和谐相处 come into effect 生效 have an effect on 对……有影响 be affected by 受……影响 endangered species 濒危物种 natural habitat 自然栖息地 habitat loss 栖息地丧失 ecosystem restoration 生态系统修复 sustainable development 可持续发展 carbon emissions 碳排放 renewable energy 可再生能源 environmental protection 环境保护 biodiversity conservation 生物多样性保护 wildlife conservation 野生动物保护 delicate ecosystem 脆弱的生态系统 Yangtze finless porpoise 长江江豚 ten-year fishing ban 十年禁渔 wetland protection 湿地保护 Chenhu Wetland 沉湖湿地 East Lake Greenway 东湖绿道 Shennongjia National Park 神农架国家公园 Wuhan Garden Expo Park 武汉园博园 migratory birds 候鸟 golden snub-nosed monkey 金丝猴 pristine forest 原始森林 carbon neutrality 碳中和 green development 绿色发展 四、重点句型 背熟这三个句型，写作和语法填空都能用。先看例句，再自己填句子。 1. There is no/little doubt that... 毫无疑问…… 教材原句：There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖（如图）。 仿写：毫无疑问，十年禁渔对长江生态系统产生了积极影响。 ________ ________ ________ ________ that the ten-year fishing ban has had a positive effect on the Yangtze River ecosystem. 2. Not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 教材原句：Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. 仿写：武汉不仅拥有丰富的湿地资源，还拥有众多的文化遗产。 Not only ________ Wuhan rich in wetland resources, ________ it also has numerous cultural heritage sites. 3. 强调句 It is/was...that... 正是…… 教材原句：It was the countries that found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past. 仿写：正是十年禁渔让长江江豚重新回到了武汉江段。 ________ ________ the ten-year fishing ban ________ has brought the finless porpoises back to the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River. 五、重点语法——There is no doubt that...（同位语从句，和作文接轨） 这个句型是环保报道和征文里最高频的语法，必须掌握。doubt后接同位语从句，说明doubt的具体内容。 基本句型：There is no/little doubt that... 毫无疑问…… ① There is no doubt that the finless porpoise population has increased. 毫无疑问，江豚数量已经增加了。 ② There is little doubt that Wuhan has restored the East Lake ecosystem. 几乎毫无疑问，武汉已经恢复了东湖生态系统。 ③ There is some doubt whether these measures will work. 这些措施是否有效还有些疑问。 【易错】肯定句用There is some doubt whether...（用whether），否定句用There is no/little doubt that...（用that）。 可接名词：hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, advice, truth, evidence, problem 常见There be句式：There is no need to do sth / There is no denying that... / There is no sense in doing sth / There is no chance that... 写作文时直接能用：征文开头就可以用There is no doubt that...引出话题，中间用There is no denying that...摆事实，一篇范文用个两三次，语法就不是死知识，而是能写进作文的表达。 第二部分 默写检测（写的） A组 基础过关 Ⅰ. 核心词块默写（根据中文写英文） 1. 采取措施做 ________ 2. 阻止……做 ________ 3. 保护……免受 ________ 4. 保护文化遗产 ________ 5. 节约能源 ________ 6. 是……的家园 ________ 7. 与……和谐相处 ________ 8. 生效 ________ 9. 对……有影响 ________ 10. 受……影响 ________ 11. 濒危物种 ________ 12. 自然栖息地 ________ 13. 栖息地丧失 ________ 14. 生态系统修复 ________ 15. 可持续发展 ________ 16. 碳排放 ________ 17. 可再生能源 ________ 18. 环境保护 ________ 19. 生物多样性保护 ________ 20. 野生动物保护 ________ 21. 脆弱的生态系统 ________ 22. 长江江豚 ________ 23. 十年禁渔 ________ 24. 湿地保护 ________ Ⅱ. 派生词默写（写出下列词根的所有派生词） 1. prevent → ________ 2. protect → ________ 3. preserve → ________ 4. conserve → ________ 5. affect → ________ 6. effect → ________ 7. survive → ________ 8. danger → ________ 9. extinct → ________ 10. pollute → ________ 11. sustain → ________ 12. ecology → ________ 13. environment → ________ 14. harmony → ________ 15. tolerate → ________ Ⅲ. 短语填空（从上面的重点语块中选择） 1. Shennongjia National Park ________ ________ over 3,000 species of plants and 500 species of animals. 2. The Wuhan government has ________ ________ to protect the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River. 3. The ten-year fishing ban aims to ________ the finless porpoise ________ going extinct. 4. We must ________ ________ and reduce carbon emissions to fight climate change. 5. Chenhu Wetland in Wuhan provides important habitats for ________ ________ every winter. 6. The new law aimed at reducing plastic waste will ________ ________ ________ next year. Ⅳ. 单句语法填空 1. Despite facing numerous challenges, Wuhan has taken a series of ________ (measure) to restore the East Lake ecosystem, which has seen remarkable improvements in recent years. 2. The ten-year fishing ban, launched in 2021 to reverse the decline of aquatic life, aims to prevent the finless porpoise from ________ (go) extinct. 3. The wetland serves as a natural barrier, ________ (protect) the city from floods that would otherwise cause widespread damage. 4. Hubei, home to several UNESCO World Heritage sites, has made great efforts ________ (preserve) its cultural heritage for future generations. 5. The ________ (conserve) of biodiversity, which is essential for human survival, remains one of the greatest challenges of our time. 6. Overfishing, combined with water pollution and habitat loss, has seriously ________ (affect) the Yangtze River ecosystem beyond repair. 7. The ten-year fishing ban has had a positive effect ________ the finless porpoise population, which was once on the brink of extinction. 8. The finless porpoise, ________ (classify) as an endangered species, is unique to the Yangtze River and requires urgent protection. 9. The ecosystem of Shennongjia, ________ was listed as a World Natural Heritage site, is ________ (delicate) balanced and easily damaged. 10. These tribes are a classic case of people living in ________ (harmonious) with their environment, setting an example for the rest of the world. Ⅴ. 完成句子 1. 毫无疑问，十年禁渔对长江生态系统产生了积极影响。(There is no doubt that...) ________ ________ ________ ________ that the ten-year fishing ban has had a positive effect on the Yangtze River ecosystem. 2. 武汉不仅拥有丰富的湿地资源，还拥有众多的文化遗产。(Not only...but also...) Not only ________ Wuhan rich in wetland resources, ________ it also has numerous cultural heritage sites. 3. 正是十年禁渔让长江江豚重新回到了武汉江段。(强调句) ________ ________ the ten-year fishing ban ________ has brought the finless porpoises back to Wuhan. B组 能力提升 Ⅰ. 熟词生义（写出黑体词在句中的含义） 1. The Wuhan Garden Expo Park was built on a former landfill, transforming a waste site into a green space for citizens. transform ________ 2. The finless porpoise is an indicator species of the Yangtze River ecosystem health. indicator ________ 3. The government has launched a campaign to clean up the Yangtze River and restore its natural beauty. campaign ________ 4. The ancient town has been well preserved, with its original layout still intact. intact ________ 5. The wetland serves as a natural filter, purifying water before it flows into the lake. filter ________ Ⅱ. 构词法——词根-ject/duct（写出黑体词的含义） 词根-ject表示“投掷”，-duct表示“引导”。环保话题高频词：project, reject, inject, conduct, produce, reduce, introduce。 1. The government has launched a project to restore the wetlands along the Yangtze River. ________ 2. We must reject any development plan that would damage the ecosystem. ________ 3. The new policy will conduct a comprehensive assessment of environmental impact. ________ 4. Scientists have developed a new method to produce clean energy from waste. ________ 5. The factory was ordered to reduce its carbon emissions by 50%. ________ 6. The city plans to introduce electric buses to reduce air pollution. ________ Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. 武汉已经采取了一系列措施来保护长江江豚。(measure) Wuhan has ________ ________ ________ ________ to protect the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River. 2. 十年禁渔旨在阻止长江江豚灭绝。(prevent) The ten-year fishing ban aims to ________ the finless porpoise ________ going extinct. 3. 毫无疑问，沉湖湿地每年冬天有超过11万只候鸟。(There is no doubt that...) ________ ________ ________ ________ that Chenhu Wetland is home to over 110,000 migratory birds every winter. 4. 神农架不仅是世界自然遗产，还是金丝猴的家园。(Not only...but also...) Not only ________ Shennongjia a World Natural Heritage site, ________ it is also home to the golden snub-nosed monkey. 5. 武汉园博园是在垃圾填埋场上建起来的，把废物场变成了市民的绿色空间。(transform) The Wuhan Garden Expo Park was built on a former landfill, ________ a waste site ________ a green space for citizens. 6. 正是生态修复让东湖重新成为了武汉的明珠。(强调句) ________ ________ ecological restoration ________ has made the East Lake a pearl of Wuhan again. Ⅳ. 语篇填空 The Wuhan Garden Expo Park, located on __1__ was once the largest landfill in central China, has been transformed into a 213-hectare ecological paradise since construction began in 2012. Over 2 million cubic meters of garbage were scientifically treated, and the severely contaminated soil __2__ (clean) up through a complex process that took nearly three years. __3__ (stretch) across the western part of Wuhan, the park is now home to more than 400 species of plants, attracting millions of visitors annually. What makes the project truly inspiring is __4__ it demonstrates that even the most damaged environments can be restored through __5__ (science) methods and persistent efforts, an achievement recognized __6__ environmentalists worldwide. Local residents, __7__ lives were once dominated by the unbearable smell, now gather here for morning exercises. However, there remains __8__ (certain) about whether such transformation can be replicated elsewhere. Experts emphasize that it is through long-term commitment __9__ we can restore damaged ecosystems and ensure a __10__ (sustain) future for generations to come. 答题处：1.____ 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____ 6.____ 7.____ 8.____ 9.____ 10.____ 第三部分 写作板块 （一）应用文写作——征文投稿：人与自然和谐相处 1. 高考考情 征文投稿是高考应用文常考题型，要求围绕主题写短文投稿。2023年浙江1月卷考了“认识身边植物”活动报道。本话题最贴合的考向是“身边的生态变化”主题征文——武汉园博园从垃圾填埋场变成生态公园，就是身边最鲜活的例子，好写，也有东西可挖。 2. 词块 环境保护：environmental protection 环境保护, carbon emissions 碳排放, renewable energy 可再生能源, sustainable development 可持续发展, green transportation 绿色交通 野生动物保护：endangered species 濒危物种, wildlife conservation 野生动物保护, natural habitat 自然栖息地, biodiversity 生物多样性, Yangtze finless porpoise 长江江豚, migratory birds 候鸟 生态修复：ecological restoration 生态修复, wetland protection 湿地保护, ecosystem 生态系统, in harmony with 与……和谐相处, ten-year fishing ban 十年禁渔 武汉本地：Chenhu Wetland 沉湖湿地, East Lake Greenway 东湖绿道, Wuhan Garden Expo Park 武汉园博园, Shennongjia 神农架, sponge city 海绵城市 3. 常用句型 There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… It is widely acknowledged that... 人们普遍认为…… Not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… It is...that... 强调句 Only by doing sth can we... 只有通过……我们才能…… in harmony with 与……和谐相处 4. 仿写背诵 （1）There is no doubt that human beings should live in harmony with nature rather than conquer it. 毫无疑问，人类应该与自然和谐相处，而不是征服自然。 （2）Not only has the former landfill been transformed into a beautiful park, but it has also become a symbol of urban ecological restoration. 旧垃圾填埋场不仅变成了美丽的公园，还成为了城市生态修复的象征。 （3）It is the determination of the city government that has turned the waste site into a green paradise. 正是市政府的决心把废物场变成了绿色天堂。 （4）Only by protecting the environment can we ensure a sustainable future for generations to come. 只有保护环境，我们才能确保子孙后代有一个可持续的未来。 （5）What used to be a source of pollution is now a park where citizens can enjoy nature. 曾经的污染源如今是市民享受自然的公园。 5. 题目 你校英文报正在举办“我身边的生态变化”主题征文活动。武汉园博园由垃圾填埋场改造而成，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：①园博园的过去与现在；②你的感想。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 6. 范文 From Landfill to Garden There is no doubt that human beings should live in harmony with nature rather than conquer it. Wuhan offers us a vivid example. The Wuhan Garden Expo Park, which used to be the largest landfill in central China, has been transformed into a 213-hectare green paradise. Not only does it host over 400 species of plants, but it also provides a peaceful retreat for millions of citizens. What used to be a source of pollution is now a symbol of ecological restoration. Only by respecting nature can we create a sustainable future. It is high time that we took action to protect our environment. 7. 范文解析 结构：标题点明主题；第一段用There is no doubt that...提出观点“人类应与自然和谐相处”；第二段用园博园例子（旧垃圾场→213公顷绿色公园、400多种植物、市民休闲）支撑观点，用Not only...but also...和What used to be...衔接；第三段用Only by...倒装和It is high time that...虚拟语气收尾升华。全文约110词。 高级句型：①There is no doubt that...同位语从句，前面语法部分专门讲过；②Not only does it host...部分倒装；③What used to be...主语从句；④Only by respecting...can we...部分倒装，结尾升华；⑤It is high time that we took action...虚拟语气，“是做某事的时候了”；⑥in harmony with本单元核心语块直接落地。 8. 模板 From Landfill to Garden There is no doubt that human beings should live in harmony with nature rather than ________（反面做法）. ________（城市/地区）offers us a vivid example. The ________（地点）, which used to be ________（过去状况）, has been transformed into ________（现在状况）. Not only does it ________（成果一）, but it also ________（成果二）. What used to be ________（过去问题）is now a symbol of ________（现在意义）. Only by ________（做法）can we ________（未来）. It is high time that we took action to ________（行动）. 提示：模板可套任何环保主题，把括号内容替换即可。 （二）读后续写——人与自然和谐相处（武汉·校园场景） 读后续写不用背范文，重点积累语料。人与自然和谐相处是高考经典考向。下面按动作、情感、环境分类积累，融入武汉·校园场景，每个句型配例句和仿写。 1. 核心语块 【动作描写】 wade through the water 涉水前行 carry the injured bird 抱着受伤的鸟 wrap a bandage 缠绷带 push through the reeds 挤过芦苇 wave for help 挥手求救 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 reach out for 伸手去够 release the bird back into the sky 把鸟放归天空 guide the lost bird to safety 引导迷路的鸟到安全处 【情感描写】 one's heart sank 心一沉 be seized by fear 被恐惧笼罩 a surge of hope 一阵希望 feel a warmth in one's heart 心里感到温暖 too terrified to speak 吓得说不出话 tears of relief 宽慰的泪水 a flash of panic 一阵恐慌 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 【环境描写】 the East Lake flowing gently 东湖静静流淌 reeds swaying in the wind 芦苇在风中摇曳 the cry of migratory birds 候鸟的鸣叫 mist rising from the wetland 湿地升起的薄雾 the bird flapping its wings 鸟儿拍打着翅膀 the golden sunlight on the lake 湖面上金色的阳光 the sound of waves lapping the shore 湖水拍岸声 2. 核心句型（例句带中文） 句型①：doing作伴随状语 例句：He waded through the cold water, holding the injured bird gently in his arms. 他涉过冰冷的水，怀里轻轻抱着受伤的鸟。 仿写：她把小鸟轻轻抱起来，小心翼翼地走向树下。________________________________ 句型②：too...to... 太……而不能…… 例句：The little bird was too weak to fly back to its nest. 小鸟太虚弱了，飞不到巢里。 仿写：他太累了，一步也挪不动了。________________________________ 句型③：At the sight of... 一看见…… 例句：At the sight of the bird flapping its wings, the children burst into cheers. 一看到鸟儿拍打着翅膀，孩子们欢呼起来。 仿写：一看到受伤的小鸟，他立刻跑过去帮忙。________________________________ 句型④：强调句 It is/was...that... 例句：It was the timely rescue that saved the injured bird's life. 正是及时的营救救了受伤小鸟的命。 仿写：正是同学们的帮助让小鸟重新回到了天空。________________________________ 3. 句子翻译（语境题） 1. 他掏出手机拨打110，发现手机信号已经中断。(take out) ________________________________ 2. 消防员主动提出把受伤的小鸟抬到树下，两人在泥泞中摸索着前行。(offer to do) ________________________________ 3. 汤姆坚持要回去救那只受伤的鸟，但朋友劝他先保证自身安全。(insist on) ________________________________ 4. 看着小鸟被成功放归天空，围观的同学都站了起来。(doing作状语) ________________________________ 5. 这次救助让他明白了，人与自然和谐相处最重要的不是征服，而是尊重和守护。 ________________________________ 第一部分 核心词汇小试牛刀答案 1. prevent：from 【解析】keep...from doing固定搭配，“阻止……做”，keep的from不可省略 2. protect：protecting 【解析】现在分词作结果状语，表示“保护城市免受洪水” 3. preserve：preserved 【解析】well-preserved“保存完好的”，过去分词作形容词 4. conserve：conservation 【解析】定冠词the后接名词，conservation“保护” 5. affect：affected 【解析】has后接过去分词构成现在完成时，affected“影响” 6. effect：on 【解析】have an effect on固定搭配，“对……有影响” 7. survive：survived 【解析】has后接过去分词构成现在完成时，survived“幸存” 8. species：endangered 【解析】endangered species“濒危物种”，过去分词作形容词 9. habitat：habitats 【解析】habitat“栖息地”，此处用复数表示多种栖息地 10. ecosystem：ecosystem 【解析】ecosystem“生态系统”，此处特指长江生态系统，用单数 11. delicate：delicately 【解析】修饰形容词balanced用副词，delicately“微妙地、脆弱地” 12. treatment：under 【解析】under treatment固定搭配，“在治疗中” 13. tolerate：tolerant 【解析】be tolerant of固定搭配，“宽容的”，形容词作表语 14. harmony：harmony 【解析】in harmony with固定搭配，“与……和谐相处”，介词in后接名词 第四部分 答案与解析 A组 基础过关 Ⅰ. 核心词块默写 1.take measures to do 2.prevent...from doing 3.protect...from/against 4.preserve cultural heritage 5.conserve energy 6.be home to 7.in harmony with 8.come into effect 9.have an effect on 10.be affected by 11.endangered species 12.natural habitat 13.habitat loss 14.ecosystem restoration 15.sustainable development 16.carbon emissions 17.renewable energy 18.environmental protection 19.biodiversity conservation 20.wildlife conservation 21.delicate ecosystem 22.Yangtze finless porpoise 23.ten-year fishing ban 24.wetland protection Ⅱ. 派生词默写 1. prevention n.预防；preventable adj.可预防的 2. protection n.保护；protective adj.保护的 3. preservation n.保存；preservative n.防腐剂 4. conservation n.保护；conservative adj.保守的 5. effect n.影响；affected adj.受影响的（注：affect作“影响”时名词用effect；affection表“喜爱”） 6. effective adj.有效的；effectively adv.有效地 7. survival n.幸存；survivor n.幸存者 8. dangerous adj.危险的 9. extinction n.灭绝 10. pollution n.污染；polluted adj.被污染的 11. sustainability n.可持续性；sustainable adj.可持续的 12. ecological adj.生态的 13. environmental adj.环境的 14. harmonious adj.和谐的；harmoniously adv.和谐地 15. tolerance n.容忍；tolerant adj.宽容的 Ⅲ. 短语填空 1. is home to 【解析】be home to“是……的家园”，主语单数用is。 2. taken measures 【解析】take measures to do“采取措施做”，has后接过去分词taken。 3. prevent; from 【解析】prevent...from doing“阻止……做”。 4. conserve energy 【解析】conserve energy“节约能源”，情态动词must后接原形。 5. migratory birds 【解析】migratory birds“候鸟”。 6. come into effect 【解析】come into effect“生效”，will后接原形。 Ⅳ. 单句语法填空 1. measures 【解析】take measures to do固定搭配，measure作“措施”时用复数；句中which引导非限制性定语从句。 2. going 【解析】prevent...from doing，from后接动名词；launched in 2021是过去分词短语作后置定语。 3. protecting 【解析】现在分词作结果状语；that引导定语从句修饰floods。 4. to preserve 【解析】make efforts to do sth固定搭配；home to several UNESCO World Heritage sites是同位语。 5. conservation 【解析】定冠词the后接名词；which引导非限制性定语从句修饰biodiversity。 6. affected 【解析】has后接过去分词构成现在完成时；combined with是插入语，不影响主语单复数。 7. on 【解析】have an effect on固定搭配；which引导非限制性定语从句修饰population。 8. classified 【解析】过去分词作后置定语，修饰finless porpoise，表示“被归类为”。 9. which; delicately 【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句修饰Shennongjia；修饰形容词balanced用副词。 10. harmony 【解析】in harmony with固定搭配，介词in后接名词；setting an example是现在分词作结果状语。 Ⅴ. 完成句子 1. There is no doubt 【解析】There is no doubt that...固定句型，同位语从句。 2. is; but 【解析】Not only置于句首时主句部分倒装，is提前；but连接并列分句。 3. It was; that 【解析】强调句型，本句强调主语the ten-year fishing ban。 B组 能力提升 Ⅰ. 熟词生义 1. 改造；转变 【解析】transform此处是“改造、转变（场地/用途）”。 2. 指示物；指标 【解析】indicator此处是“指示物、指标”，indicator species“指示物种”。 3. 运动；活动 【解析】campaign此处是“运动、活动”，launch a campaign“发起一场运动”。 4. 完整的；原封不动的 【解析】intact此处是“完整的、原封不动的”。 5. 过滤器；滤器 【解析】filter此处作名词，“天然过滤器”，指湿地净化水的功能。 Ⅱ. 构词法——词根-ject/duct 1. 项目；工程 【解析】pro-向前+ject投掷→project。 2. 拒绝；抵制 【解析】re-回+ject投掷→reject。 3. 进行；实施 【解析】con-共同+duct引导→conduct。 4. 生产；产生 【解析】pro-向前+duct引导→produce。 5. 减少；降低 【解析】re-回+duct引导→reduce。 6. 引入；推行 【解析】intro-向内+duct引导→introduce。 Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. taken a series of measures 【解析】take measures to do，has后接过去分词。 2. prevent; from 【解析】prevent...from doing，aim to后接原形。 3. There is no doubt 【解析】There is no doubt that...固定句型。 4. is; but 【解析】Not only置于句首时主句部分倒装，is提前。 5. transforming; into 【解析】transform...into...，现在分词作结果状语。 6. It was; that 【解析】强调句型，本句强调主语ecological restoration。 Ⅳ. 语篇填空（武汉园博园生态修复） 1.what 2.was cleaned 3.Stretching 4.that 5.scientific 6.by 7.whose 8.uncertainty 9.that 10.sustainable 1. what：宾语从句，位于介词on后，what在从句中作主语，表示“曾经是……的地方”。 2. was cleaned：一般过去时被动语态，soil和clean是被动关系，和前面were treated并列。 3. Stretching：现在分词作状语，主语the park和stretch是主动关系，“绵延213公顷”。 4. that：表语从句引导词，What makes...is that...固定句型。 5. scientific：名词science转换为形容词，修饰methods，“科学的方法”。 6. by：介词，recognized by...被动结构中引出动作执行者，“被环保主义者认可”。 7. whose：定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰lives，表示“居民的生活”。 8. uncertainty：形容词certain转换为名词，加否定前缀un-，there remains uncertainty about...“关于……仍存在不确定性”。 9. that：强调句结构It is...that...，强调方式状语through long-term commitment。 10. sustainable：动词sustain转换为形容词，修饰future，“可持续的未来”。 写作板块——读后续写仿写与翻译答案 仿写： ① She carried the little bird gently, walking carefully towards the tree. 【解析】walking是现在分词作伴随状语。 ② He was too tired to move another step. 【解析】too...to...固定句型。 ③ At the sight of the injured little bird, he immediately ran over to help. 【解析】at the sight of固定搭配。 ④ It was the classmates' help that brought the little bird back to the sky. 【解析】强调句型，本句强调主语the classmates' help。 翻译： ① He took out his phone to call 110, only to find that the signal had been cut off. 【解析】take out掏出；only to do表示出乎意料的结果。 ② The firefighter offered to carry the injured bird to the tree, and they felt their way through the mud. 【解析】offer to do sth主动提出做某事。 ③ Tom insisted on going back to save the injured bird, but his friend persuaded him to ensure his own safety first. 【解析】insist on doing sth；persuade sb to do。 ④ Watching the bird being successfully released back into the sky, the onlookers all rose to their feet. 【解析】watching是现在分词作时间状语；rise to one's feet站起来。 ⑤ This rescue made him understand that what matters most in the harmony between humans and nature is not conquest, but respect and protection. 【解析】make sb do sth；what matters most最重要的是。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $