专题03 定语从句（期中复习讲义）高二英语上学期沪外版

专题03 定语从句 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一：关系代词（that / which / who / whom / whose） 考点二：关系副词 when / where / why 考点三：介词 + 关系代词 考点四：限制性定语从句 VS 非限制性定语从句 考点五：as引导定语从句 考点六：拓展特殊考点 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练/综合进阶练 专题核心考点覆盖先行词识别、关系代词 / 关系副词选用、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句完整辨析、介词 + 关系代词、that/which/who/whose 区分、as 引导定语从句、定语从句主谓一致、先行词为 way/time/reason 特殊用法。命题常结合语法填空、单项选择、写作句子构建设置情境。整体以基础送分为主，但限制性 vs 非限制性从句差异、that 与 which 选用、介词 + which/whom、关系代词与关系副词判定是拉开分差的关键点。 识记 熟记全部关系代词、关系副词；牢记只能用 that / 只能用 which 的场景；熟记限制性、非限制性定语从句形式与规则；记住 as 引导定从固定搭配、way/time/reason 特殊用法。 理解 分清限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句的功能差异；能区分关系代词 vs 关系副词；理解 “介词 + 关系代词” 介词来源；识别主谓一致陷阱。 应用 单选、语法填空中定位先行词，分析从句成分，正确选择关系词；写作中灵活使用限制性、非限制性定语从句丰富句式。 定语从句 定语从句基础概念 定语从句：修饰名词/代词（称为________）的从句，相当于形容词，放在先行词________。 两大类别：限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句 定语从句解题两大核心：①找到先行词；②判断关系词在从句中所作________。 ⚠️概念辨析：定语 vs 定语从句 定语 vs 定语从句】 形容词作定语：a beautiful girl 定语从句：The girl ________ is standing there is my classmate. 考点一：关系代词（that / which / who / whom / whose） 关系词 指代 在从句充当成分 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语 which ______ 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 ______ whose 人 / 物（…… 的） 定语，后面必须接名词 1. 只能用that，不能用which的5种情况 ①先行词为不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something等 ②先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 ③先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰 ④先行词同时包含人+物 ⑤先行词被all, every, any, no等修饰 例句：This is the most interesting book ____ I have ever read. 2. 只能用which，不能用that场景 ①________定语从句，指代物 ②介词后面，指物用________ 例：This house, ______ we bought last year, has a big garden. ⚠️概念辨析：who / whom who作主语 whom只作宾语；介词后指人只能用________。 The man ____ you met just now is my teacher. ⚠️避坑指南 whose后面一定要跟名词！ I know the boy ______ father is a doctor. 考点二：关系副词 when / where / why 功能：在从句中作状语，不做主/宾。 where：先行词地点名词，从句缺地点状语（in+先行词） when：先行词时间名词，从句缺时间状语（in/on+先行词） why：先行词是reason，从句缺原因状语（for+the reason） ⚠️概念辨析：关系代词 VS 关系副词 判断口诀：看从句缺不缺主语/宾语。缺主/宾 → 关系代词；不缺主宾，缺状语 → 关系副词。 ① I will never forget the day ____ we spent together. ② I will never forget the day ____ we met. ⚠️避坑指南 先行词是time/reason/way不一定用when/why，依然要看从句缺什么成分。 考点三：介词 + 关系代词 规则：介词提前时，指物只能用______；指人只能用______；不能用that。 介词两个来源：①介词和________固定搭配；②介词和从句谓语动词固定搭配。 例：This is the factory ______ ______ my father once worked.（in which） 考点四：限制性定语从句 VS 非限制性定语从句 对比项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 标点 ____逗号 ____逗号隔开主句与从句 功能 限定、缩小先行词范围；去掉从句，主句含义不完整 ________ ；去掉从句，主句意思依然完整 that ____使用 that ___________ 关系词省略 作宾语时，关系词可省略 任何情况，关系词____ which 指代 只能指代前面单个先行词 可指代前面________ 翻译 直接翻译，不拆分 常常另起一句翻译 例句1（限制性）：The books ____ you bought are useful.（限定是你买的那些书） 例句2（非限制性）：The books, ____ I bought yesterday, are useful.（补充说明，所有书都有用） ⚠️避坑指南 非限制性定语从句中，which指代整件事是期中高频难点。 He passed the exam, ______ surprised all of us. 考点五：as引导定语从句 固定搭配：such…as；the same…as；as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在句首、句中、句末。 As we all know, the earth goes around the sun. This is the same book ____ I lost yesterday. ⚠️易混易错：as vs which 引导非限制性定从 as：“正如”，常搭配know/expect/say，可放句首； which：“这件事”，不能放在句首。 考点六：拓展特殊考点 1. 先行词为way：the way ____ / ____ / ____ he speaks 2. 先行词为time：It is the first time that… 搭配现在完成时（和时态专题联动） 3. 定语从句主谓一致：谓语动词单复数跟随先行词，不是关系词 He is one of the students who ____ (like) painting. He is the only one of the students who ____ (like) painting. ⚠️记忆口诀 定从解题三步走：找先行词，看从句缺啥； 缺主宾用代，缺状用副；逗号非限定，that不能入； as表正如可句首，which指代整件事。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空。 1. We reached a point ______ we had to make a final decision on whether to carry on the project. 2. The old temple, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, is now under repair. 3. This is the very reference book ______ I have been searching for in the bookstore. 4. The professor about ______ we are talking will give us a lecture on environmental protection next week. 5. He wrote a letter, ______ explained why he refused to take part in the competition. 6. Such people ______ you describe are rarely seen in modern society. 7. I admired the way ______ the teacher dealt with the naughty students in class. 8. He is one of the volunteers who ______ (devote) their spare time to helping homeless children. 9. The two strangers talked as if they were old friends, ______ surprised everyone present. 10. There are moments in life ______ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams. 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1. 那位父亲是工程师的女孩，刚刚赢得了英语口语比赛。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是我读过的最感人的故事，它让我想起了我的童年。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. 我们昨天参观的那家工厂，生产供出口的电动汽车。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. 正如我们所预料的那样，他成功解决了我们都担心的难题。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. 在人生中会有这样一些时刻，你需要做出会改变你未来的重大选择。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空（2026年全国1卷） Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 二、应用文（2026年全国1卷） 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿，请同学们对未来大学生活中的学习(Study)、社交(Socialize)、睡眠(Sleep)这三件事按重要性进行排序，并阐述理由。 请你写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ranking My College Life Essentials ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 定语从句 01 期中考情透视 02 复习目标锚定 03 知识体系构建 04 核心考点精讲 考点一：关系代词（that / which / who / whom / whose） 考点二：关系副词 when / where / why 考点三：介词 + 关系代词 考点四：限制性定语从句 VS 非限制性定语从句 考点五：as引导定语从句 考点六：拓展特殊考点 05 限时分层演练 基础固本练/综合进阶练 专题核心考点覆盖先行词识别、关系代词 / 关系副词选用、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句完整辨析、介词 + 关系代词、that/which/who/whose 区分、as 引导定语从句、定语从句主谓一致、先行词为 way/time/reason 特殊用法。命题常结合语法填空、单项选择、写作句子构建设置情境。整体以基础送分为主，但限制性 vs 非限制性从句差异、that 与 which 选用、介词 + which/whom、关系代词与关系副词判定是拉开分差的关键点。 识记 熟记全部关系代词、关系副词；牢记只能用 that / 只能用 which 的场景；熟记限制性、非限制性定语从句形式与规则；记住 as 引导定从固定搭配、way/time/reason 特殊用法。 理解 分清限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句的功能差异；能区分关系代词 vs 关系副词；理解 “介词 + 关系代词” 介词来源；识别主谓一致陷阱。 应用 单选、语法填空中定位先行词，分析从句成分，正确选择关系词；写作中灵活使用限制性、非限制性定语从句丰富句式。 定语从句 定语从句基础概念 定语从句：修饰名词/代词（称为先行词）的从句，相当于形容词，放在先行词后面。 两大类别：限制性定语从句 & 非限制性定语从句 定语从句解题两大核心：①找到先行词；②判断关系词在从句中所作句子成分。 ⚠️概念辨析：定语 vs 定语从句 形容词作定语：a beautiful girl 定语从句：The girl who is standing there is my classmate. 考点一：关系代词（that / which / who / whom / whose） 关系词 指代 在从句充当成分 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人 / 物（…… 的） 定语，后面必须接名词 1. 只能用that，不能用which的5种情况 ①先行词为不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something等 ②先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 ③先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰 ④先行词同时包含人+物 ⑤先行词被all, every, any, no等修饰 例句：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 2. 只能用which，不能用that场景 ①非限制性定语从句，指代物 ②介词后面，指物用which 例：This house, which we bought last year, has a big garden. ⚠️概念辨析：who / whom who作主语 whom只作宾语；介词后指人只能用whom。 The man whom/who you met just now is my teacher. ⚠️避坑指南 whose后面一定要跟名词！ I know the boy whose father is a doctor. 考点二：关系副词 when / where / why 功能：在从句中作状语，不做主/宾。 where：先行词地点名词，从句缺地点状语（in+先行词） when：先行词时间名词，从句缺时间状语（in/on+先行词） why：先行词是reason，从句缺原因状语（for+the reason） ⚠️概念辨析：关系代词 VS 关系副词 判断口诀：看从句缺不缺主语/宾语。缺主/宾 → 关系代词；不缺主宾，缺状语 → 关系副词。 ① I will never forget the day which/that we spent together.（spent缺宾语 → which/that） ② I will never forget the day when we met.（句子完整，缺时间状语 → when） ⚠️避坑指南 先行词是time/reason/way不一定用when/why，依然要看从句缺什么成分。 考点三：介词 + 关系代词 规则：介词提前时，指物只能用which；指人只能用whom；不能用that。 介词两个来源：①介词和先行词固定搭配；②介词和从句谓语动词固定搭配。 例：This is the factory in which my father once worked. 考点四：限制性定语从句 VS 非限制性定语从句 对比项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 标点 无逗号 有逗号隔开主句与从句 功能 限定、缩小先行词范围；去掉从句，主句含义不完整 补充额外信息；去掉从句，主句意思依然完整 that 可以使用 that 绝对不能用 that 关系词省略 作宾语时，关系词可省略 任何情况，关系词不能省略 which 指代 只能指代前面单个先行词 可指代前面整件事情 翻译 直接翻译，不拆分 常常另起一句翻译 例句1（限制性）：The books that/which you bought are useful.（限定是你买的那些书） 例句2（非限制性）：The books, which I bought yesterday, are useful.（补充说明，所有书都有用） ⚠️避坑指南 非限制性定语从句中，which指代整件事是期中高频难点。 He passed the exam, which surprised all of us. 考点五：as引导定语从句 固定搭配：such…as；the same…as；as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在句首、句中、句末。 As we all know, the earth goes around the sun. This is the same book as I lost yesterday. ⚠️易混易错：as vs which 引导非限制性定从 as：“正如”，常搭配know/expect/say，可放句首； which：“这件事”，不能放在句首。 考点六：拓展特殊考点 1. 先行词为way：the way in which / that / 不填 he speaks 2. 先行词为time：It is the first time that… 搭配现在完成时（和时态专题联动） 3. 定语从句主谓一致：谓语动词单复数跟随先行词，不是关系词 He is one of the students who like (like) painting. He is the only one of the students who likes (like) painting. ⚠️记忆口诀 定从解题三步走：找先行词，看从句缺啥； 缺主宾用代，缺状用副；逗号非限定，that不能入； as表正如可句首，which指代整件事。 基础固本练（限时：15分钟） 一、单句语法填空。 1. We reached a point ______ we had to make a final decision on whether to carry on the project. 2. The old temple, ______ roof was damaged in the storm, is now under repair. 3. This is the very reference book ______ I have been searching for in the bookstore. 4. The professor about ______ we are talking will give us a lecture on environmental protection next week. 5. He wrote a letter, ______ explained why he refused to take part in the competition. 6. Such people ______ you describe are rarely seen in modern society. 7. I admired the way ______ the teacher dealt with the naughty students in class. 8. He is one of the volunteers who ______ (devote) their spare time to helping homeless children. 9. The two strangers talked as if they were old friends, ______ surprised everyone present. 10. There are moments in life ______ you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them up from dreams. 【答案】1. where 2. whose 3. that 4. whom 5. which 6. as 7. that/in which/不填 8. devote 9. which 10. when 二、根据中文提示完成句子。 1. 那位父亲是工程师的女孩，刚刚赢得了英语口语比赛。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是我读过的最感人的故事，它让我想起了我的童年。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. 我们昨天参观的那家工厂，生产供出口的电动汽车。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. 正如我们所预料的那样，他成功解决了我们都担心的难题。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. 在人生中会有这样一些时刻，你需要做出会改变你未来的重大选择。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 1. The girl whose father is an engineer has just won the oral English competition. 2. This is the most moving story that I have ever read, which reminds me of my childhood. 3. The factory that/which we visited yesterday produces electric cars that are exported. 4. As we expected, he successfully solved the difficult problem that we were all worried about. 5. There are moments in life when you need to make important choices that will change your future. 综合进阶练（限时：15分钟） 一、语法填空（2026年全国1卷） Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 【答案】1．to be held 2．frequency 3．the 4．were 5．necessities 6．for 7．Drawn 8．that/which 9．heading 10．cheaper 二、应用文（2026年全国1卷） 你校英文报“Opinion”栏目正在征稿，请同学们对未来大学生活中的学习(Study)、社交(Socialize)、睡眠(Sleep)这三件事按重要性进行排序，并阐述理由。 请你写一篇短文向该栏目投稿。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Ranking My College Life Essentials ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Ranking My College Life Essentials When it comes to the key elements of college life, I rank study first, sleep second and socialize third for solid reasons. Undoubtedly, study tops the list because college serves as a vital platform where we build up professional knowledge and polish comprehensive abilities for our future. Meanwhile, enough sleep guarantees our physical health and keeps us mentally sharp. It lays a solid foundation for efficient study. Although socializing enriches our campus life and develops our teamwork skills, it is only a supplementary part rather than a main task. Only by balancing the three aspects reasonably can we embrace a fulfilling college life. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $