高考英语阅读理解长难句·单句语法填空（议论文+新闻报道）-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

高考英语阅读理解长难句·单句语法填空 议论文 + 新闻报道（2018—2025 年高考真题· 30 题 【使用说明】 本讲义 30 个长难句均直接选自高考真题原文（已去除文中夹注的中文释义，便于聚焦语法）。每句设 2—3 个空： • 有提示词：用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空（时态 / 语态 / 非谓语 / 词性转换等）； • 无提示词：在空白处填入一个适当的单词（冠词 / 介词 / 连词 / 代词 / 副词等）。 第一部分　单句语法填空（练习） 1. We may think we're a culture that ________ (get) rid of our worn technology at the first sight ________ something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. （2018·全国一卷） 2. ________ (figure) out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals ________ (mine) to when we stop using the device. （2018·全国一卷） 3. The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers ________ (replace) old products with new electronics that ________ (serve) more than one function, such as a tablet for word ________ (process) and TV viewing. （2018·全国一卷） 4. ________ (accord) to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions more than ________ (double) during the 1992 to 2007 window. （2018·全国一卷） 5. Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York ________ (exhibit) 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim ________ exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. （2019·全国三卷） 6. It's no secret ________ China has always been a source of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home ________ some of the biggest fashion shows. （2019·全国三卷） 7. Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that ________ (sell) dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central ________ its movement. （2019·全国三卷） 8. Over the last seven years, most states ________ (ban) texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people ________ put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. （2022·全国二卷） 9. So ________ (try) to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving ________ drunk driving. （2022·全国二卷） 10. The technology could determine whether a driver had just ________ (text), emailed or done anything else ________ is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. （2022·全国二卷） 11. While safety improvements might ________ (make) to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines ________ pedestrian mobility, especially among young children. （2025·全国一卷） 12. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children ________ (walk) safely to school, so they pack them ________ the car instead. （2025·全国一卷） 13. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who ________ (move) her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction ________ her local park. （2025·全国一卷） 14. With the young ________ (able) to afford to leave home and the old at risk ________ isolation, more families are choosing to live together. （2020·全国三卷） 15. Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one ________ a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK ________ (live) together under the same roof. （2020·全国三卷） 16. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence ________ almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot ________ (measure) by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." （2021·全国一卷） 17. The ability to ________ (accurate) understand how others are feeling may ________ (use) by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. （2021·全国一卷） 18. It ________ (be) our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from ________ to study how people manage their lives. （2021·全国一卷） 19. We prefer ________ (describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good ________ bad purposes. （2021·全国一卷） 20. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, ________ (score) the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based ________ student surveys. （2019·全国一卷） 21. Prinstein has also found that the qualities ________ made the neighbors want you on a play date — sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able ________ (relate) and connect with others. （2019·全国一卷） 22. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when ________ (tap) early, are employed ever after ________ life and work. （2019·全国一卷） 23. The most hopeful data ________ (share) in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes ________ reading. （2018·全国二卷） 24. Data shows that kids and teens who ________ (do) read frequently, compared ________ infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read. （2018·全国二卷） 25. While the decline over the past decade ________ (be) steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part ________ many children's lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. （2018·全国二卷） 26. ________ (dismiss) small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if ________ weren't for casual conversation. （2018·全国二卷） 27. It's more likely ________ none of us start a conversation because ________ is awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary. （2018·全国二卷） 28. While famous foreign architects ________ (invite) to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such ________ the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. （2018·全国三卷） 29. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — ________ is often referred to ________ the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. （2018·全国三卷） 30. Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used ________ grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how ________ (prepare) delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. （2018·全国一卷） 第二部分　答案与解析 1. 答案：1 gets　2 of 解析：① that 引导定语从句修饰 a culture，谓语用第三人称单数 gets；② 固定搭配 at the first sight of 初次见到……时。 2. 答案：1 To figure　2 are mined 解析：① 句首不定式 To figure out 作目的状语；② when 引导的定语从句中 minerals 与 mine 为被动关系，用一般现在时被动 are mined。 3. 答案：1 replaced　2 serve　3 processing 解析：① if 条件状语从句谓语用过去式 replaced，与 would happen 呼应；② 定语从句 that 指代 electronics（此处表复数“电子产品”），谓语用 serve；③ 介词 for 后接动名词 word processing（文字处理）。 4. 答案：1 According　2 doubling 解析：① 固定短语 according to 根据；② with 复合结构中，double 与 consumption/contribution 为主动递增关系，用现在分词 doubling 作宾语补足语。 5. 答案：1 exhibited　2 of 解析：① 时间状语 Earlier this year 提示谓语用一般过去时 exhibited；② with the aim of doing 旨在做……，of 为介词。 6. 答案：1 that　2 to 解析：① It 作形式主语，that 引导真正主语从句；② home to… 是……的所在地，固定搭配，to 为介词。 7. 答案：1 sell　2 to 解析：① 定语从句 that 指代 campaigns（复数），谓语用 sell；② be central to… 对……至关重要，to 为介词。 8. 答案：1 have banned　2 to 解析：① 时间状语 Over the last seven years 与现在完成时连用，填 have banned；② persuade sb. to do 说服某人做……，不定式作宾补。 9. 答案：1 to try　2 like 解析：① 不定式 to try 作目的状语；② like 作介词“像”，treat distracted driving like drunk driving 把分心驾驶当作酒驾对待。 10. 答案：1 texted　2 that 解析：① had just texted 与 had emailed、had done 并列，用过去完成时 texted；② anything else 后接 that 引导的定语从句，that 在从句中作主语。 11. 答案：1 have been made　2 in 解析：① improvements 与 make 为被动，might 后接被动完成 have been made；② show declines in… 在……方面呈现下降，in 为介词。 12. 答案：1 to walk　2 into 解析：① too…for sb. to do 结构中，不定式 to walk 作结果状语；② pack…into the car 把……装进车里，into 为介词。 13. 答案：1 had moved　2 of 解析：① who had moved 发生在 led（过去）之前，用过去完成时；② the destruction of… ……的摧毁，of 表所属。 14. 答案：1 unable　2 of 解析：① With 复合结构，the young 与 unable 构成逻辑系表，意为“年轻人无力负担”；② at risk of… 有……的风险，of 为介词。 15. 答案：1 of　2 living 解析：① one of a growing number of… ……之一；② families 与 live 为主动关系，用现在分词 living 作后置定语。 16. 答案：1 as　2 be measured 解析：① misunderstand A as B 把 A 误解为 B，as 为介词；② 定语从句 that cannot be measured 中 measure 与 makeup 被动，用 be measured。 17. 答案：1 accurately　2 be used 解析：① 形容词 accurate 变副词 accurately 修饰 understand；② may 后接被动 be used，ability 与 use 为被动关系。 18. 答案：1 is　2 which 解析：① It is our hope that… 主句用一般现在时 is；② from which to study 中 which 指代 perspectives，介词 from 提前，构成“介词+关系代词”定语从句。 19. 答案：1 to describe　2 or 解析：① prefer to do sth. 后接不定式；② either…or… 或者……或者……，并列连词。 20. 答案：1 scoring　2 on 解析：① 主句谓语 examined，score 与 Prinstein 主动，用现在分词 scoring 作伴随状语；② based on 基于……，固定搭配。 21. 答案：1 that / which　2 to relate 解析：① qualities 后接 that / which 引导的定语从句；② be able to do 有能力做……，不定式 to relate 与 connect 并列。 22. 答案：1 tapped　2 in 解析：① when tapped early = when they are tapped early，qualities 与 tap 被动，用过去分词；② be employed in… 在……中被运用，in 为介词。 23. 答案：1 shared　2 to 解析：① data 与 share 被动，用过去分词 shared 作后置定语；② when it comes to (doing) sth. 当涉及……，to 为介词。 24. 答案：1 do　2 to 解析：① do read 中 do 为助动词表强调；② compared to 与……相比。 25. 答案：1 is　2 of 解析：① the decline 单数，谓语用 is；② a big part of… ……的重要部分，of 为介词。 26. 答案：1 Dismissing　2 it 解析：① 动名词 Dismissing 作主语（句首大写）；② if it weren't for… 要不是……（含蓄虚拟），it 为固定形式主语。 27. 答案：1 that　2 it 解析：① It 形式主语，that 引导真正主语从句；② it 代词，指代“我们不敢开口搭讪”这一情形，在 because 从句中作主语。 28. 答案：1 are invited　2 as 解析：① architects 与 invite 被动，用 are invited；② such as 例如，列举用语。 29. 答案：1 which　2 as 解析：① 破折号间 which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代 the Prize；② be referred to as 被称为……，as 为介词。 30. 答案：1 to　2 to prepare 解析：① be used to doing 习惯于做……（to 为介词，后接动名词 grilling）；② “疑问词 how + 不定式” how to prepare 作 showing 的宾语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $