Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题选词填空10篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（外研版）

Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题选词填空练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 考古发现与历史 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 when  while  so  such  that  after  with  until  since  find  without  which Sanxingdui is 1 an important archaeological site that it has attracted worldwide attention. 2 it was first discovered in the 1920s, it has produced thousands of precious artifacts. In 2026, archaeologists made a new discovery. They 3 a meteoritic iron object in a sacrificial pit. The object was 4 well preserved that it still had its original shape. Scientists worked for months 5 they could confirm its origin. They used special technology to study the object 6 damaging it. The discovery was so exciting 7 it made headlines around the world. It is believed that the iron came from the meteorite 8 hit Earth thousands of years ago. People in the Shu Kingdom were so advanced that they could work 9 materials from space. 10 this discovery, scientists have changed their understanding of ancient Chinese civilization. 【答案】 1．such 2．Since 3．found 4．so 5．until 6．without 7．that 8．which 9．with 10．After 【导语】本文主要介绍了三星堆遗址的重要性、2026年的新发现（陨石铁器）、研究过程以及该发现对理解中国古代文明的意义。 1．句意：三星堆是如此重要的一个考古遗址，以至于它吸引了全世界的关注。此处构成固定结构such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，such符合。 2．句意：自从20世纪20年代首次被发现以来，它已出土了数千件珍贵文物。空格处缺连词；此处引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成时，从句为一般过去时，符合since引导该类时态搭配的用法，注意句首首字母大写。 3．句意：他们在一个祭祀坑中发现了一件陨石铁器。空格处缺谓语动词；前一句提到2026年考古学家有了新发现，句子时态为一般过去时，此处表示“他们在一个祭祀坑中发现了一件陨铁器物”，find的过去式为found。 4．句意：这件物体保存得如此完好，以至于它仍然保持原来的形状。此处构成固定结构so+形容词/副词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，so符合句意。 5．句意：科学家们工作了数月，直到他们能够确认它的来源。空格处缺连词；此处表示“科学家们工作了数月，直到他们能够确认它的来源”，until意为“直到”，符合语境。 6．句意：他们使用特殊技术研究这件物品，不对它造成损坏。空格处缺介词；空后是动名词damaging，此处表示“他们使用特殊技术研究这件物品，不对它造成损坏”，without意为“没有、不”，后接动名词，符合语义。 7．句意：这个发现如此令人兴奋，以至于它登上了世界各地的头条新闻。此处构成固定搭配so…that…，表示“这个发现如此令人兴奋，以至于它登上了世界各地的头条新闻”，故填that。 8．句意：据信这块铁来自数千年前撞击地球的陨石。此处引导定语从句，先行词是meteorite（陨石），指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。 9．句意：蜀国的人们如此先进，以至于他们能够处理来自太空的材料。空格处缺介词；此处构成固定搭配work with，表示“加工、处理”，符合句意“古蜀国的人们如此先进，以至于他们能够处理来自太空的材料”，故填with。 10．句意：在这个发现之后，科学家们改变了他们对中国古代文明的理解。空格处缺介词；此处表示“在这次发现之后，科学家们改变了他们对中国古代文明的理解”，after意为“在……之后”，句首首字母大写，故填After。 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 spend  he  between  compare  know  researcher  young  or  certainly  imagination William lives in Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the 15-year-old boy said that he had discovered a lost Mayan (玛雅的) city in Mexico. William showed a great interest in Mayan culture at a(n) 1 age. Many boys usually 2 their free time playing computer games, but William likes learning about Mayan culture. His great 3 allows him to explore ancient mysteries through books and maps. To 4 surprise, William noticed that people from other cultures built their cities near the water. However, the Mayans chose to build their cities in forests, in mountains 5 in other places far away from the water. William wanted to 6 the reason. After studying the locations of 117 known Mayan cities, he found out the connection 7 the cities and the stars. It seems that the Mayans built their cities to match different constellations (星座). William 8 the known Mayan cities with 23 constellations. While studying the last constellation, he saw three stars but only two known cities. So he guessed there might be another city. With the help of the Canadian Space Agency, he 9 believed he had found the lost Mayan city. However, not all scientists think so. Some 10 say that the so-called “lost Mayan city” is an abandoned (被遗弃的) corn field that hasn’t been used for many years. It still remains a mystery. 【答案】 1．young 2．spend 3．imagination 4．his 5．or 6．know 7．between 8．compared 9．certainly 10．researchers 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述加拿大少年William对玛雅文化十分感兴趣，他通过研究推测墨西哥存在一座失落的玛雅城市，但部分研究人员并不认同他的观点，这件事依旧是一个谜。 1．句意：William在年纪很小的时候就对玛雅文化表现出浓厚的兴趣。根据“at a(n)...age”及备选词，可知应用形容词young修饰age，固定搭配at a young age表示“在年纪很小的时候”，符合语境。 2．句意：许多男孩通常花空闲时间玩电脑游戏，但William喜欢了解玛雅文化。根据“Many boys usually...their free time playing”，此处缺少谓语，结合备选词可知是“花费空闲时间玩游戏”，主语Many boys为复数，所以用动词原形spend。 3．句意：他丰富的想象力让他能够通过书籍和地图探索古老的奥秘。根据“His great...”可知，此处缺少名词作主语；结合备选词，imagination意为“想象力”，是不可数名词，符合“通过书和地图探索古文明奥秘”的语境。 4．句意：令他惊讶的是，William注意到其他文化的人们在水边建造城市。根据“To...surprise”，可知为固定搭配to one’s surprise，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，需要填形容词性物主代词，此处指代William，结合备选词，应将he变为his。 5．句意：然而玛雅人选择在森林里、山里或者其他远离水源的地方建造城市。根据“in forests, in mountains...in other places far away from the water”及备选词，此处表示玛雅人把城市建在森林里、山里“或者”其他远离水的地方，三处地点为并列选择关系，故选or。 6．句意：William想要知道其中的原因。根据“wanted to...the reason”及备选词，可知指William想要“知道”原因，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填know。 7．句意：在研究117座已知玛雅城市的位置之后，他发现了城市和星星之间的联系。根据“the connection...the cities and the stars”及备选词，可知此处缺少介词，固定搭配between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，指城市和星星的联系，故选between。 8．句意：William把已知的玛雅城市和23个星座做对比。根据“...the known Mayan cities with 23 constellations”，此处缺少谓语动词，结合备选词，固定搭配compare...with...意为“把……和……作比较”，符合语境；此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以将compare变为过去式compared。 9．句意：在加拿大航天局的帮助下，他当然相信自己找到了那座失落的玛雅城市。根据“he...believed”，修饰动词believed需要用副词，结合备选词，certainly意为“确信地”，符合语境。 10．句意：一些研究人员称这座所谓的“失落玛雅城市”只是一块废弃多年的玉米地。根据“Some...say that”，此处缺少名词作主语，结合备选词，此处表示“一些研究者”，Some后接可数名词复数，故将researcher变为复数形式researchers。 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 accident   it   eye   succeed   but   die   discover   challenge   true   sad Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum? Do you know the 1 colors of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army (兵马俑). He hoped that the army would guard him after his 2 . In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by 3 in Xi’an. After that, more than 8,000 clay soldiers were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown. 4 they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 , most of the colors disappeared till today. An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was 6 by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown 7 at that time. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 8 color. First, they sprayed (喷) a kind of special “water” on it. Then, they covered it with plastic (塑料). Archaeologists are facing a new 9 now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they 10 in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers looked like when they were made. It must be very amazing. 【答案】 1．true 2．death 3．accident 4．But 5．Sadly 6．discovered 7．eyes 8．its 9．challenge 10．succeed 【导语】本文主要介绍了兵马俑的颜色，考古学家如何保护这些颜色以及考古学家所面临的一个新挑战。 1．句意：你知道它们真实的颜色吗？根据第二段“they weren’t always this color.”可知，此处询问兵马俑真实的颜色，true“真实的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词colors。故填true。 2．句意：他希望这支军队能在他去世后守护他。根据“He hoped that the army would guard him after his...”可知，兵马俑应该是在秦始皇去世后守护他，his后接名词，die的名词形式是death。故填death。 3．句意：1974年，一些农民在西安偶然发现了几个兵马俑。“by accident”是固定短语，意为“偶然地”，此处指农民偶然发现了兵马俑。故填accident。 4．句意：但它们并非一直是这个颜色。根据“the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown.”和“they weren’t always this color.”可知，横线前后两句之间表示转折关系，所以填but，句首首字母要大写。故填But。 5．句意：遗憾的是，大多数颜色直到今天都消失了。根据“most of the colors disappeared till today.”可知，大多数颜色直到今天都消失了，这是遗憾的，应填sad的副词形式sadly，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故填Sadly。 6．句意：几年前，考古学家发现了一个有一百多个兵马俑的地区。根据“clay soldiers was... by archaeologists”可知，兵马俑被考古学家发现，此处是被动语态，discover的过去分词是discovered。故填discovered。 7．句意：那时，其中很多兵马俑仍然留着黑色的头发、粉红色的脸和黑色或棕色的眼睛。根据“black hair, pink faces”可知，此处与hair、faces并列，应填eye的复数形式eyes。故填eyes。 8．句意：在一个兵马俑被发现后，考古学家用了两步来保持它的颜色。分析句子可知，此处指代前一句中的a clay soldier，应用it；根据“color”可知，此处应填it的形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词color。故填its。 9．句意：考古学家现在正面临一个新挑战。根据“They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again.”可知，此处指面临一个新挑战，challenge“挑战”，a后接可数名词单数形式。故填challenge。 10．句意：如果他们成功做到了，人们就能看到兵马俑被制作出来时的样子。“succeed in doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，从句时态为一般现在时，主语是they，所以谓语用动词原形。故填succeed。 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺，每词限用一次。 although  because  begin  end  example  lead  long  name  reach  seem  similar  why The name of every British town and city has a 1 history. Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts (凯尔特人). Even the word “Britain” is Celtic. Then the Romans 2 and built camps. These camps became cities called “castra”. This is 3 so many place names in England have “-chester” or “-caster”. Manchester is one of the 4 . Then Anglo-Saxon (盎格鲁撒克逊人) people came. The names of their villages often 5 in “-ham” or “-ton” “-thorpe”. Some got their names from the 6 of the villages, so Birmingham means “Beormund’s village”. 7 , Scunthorpe means the village of a man called Skuma. Twelve hundred years ago, Vikings (维京人) came to England. They decided 8 these places with “-by”. Kirkbya means the village with a church. How about London? The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first people there. Some believed that it was for the house of a king called Lud, but this 9 not to be true. 10 most place names in the United Kingdom are very old, there are some new names, too. There’s a place called Port Sunlight because that’s where Sunlight soap was made in the 19th century. 【答案】 1．long 2．reached 3．why 4．examples 5．ended 6．leaders 7．Similarly 8．to name 9．seemed 10．Although 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国地名来源的历史和演变，通过不同民族和时期的到来，解释了地名中蕴含的文化和历史信息。 1．句意：英国每个城镇的名字都有着悠久的历史。结合下文“Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts.”和备选词汇可知，两千年前，大多数居住在英国的人都是凯尔特人，所以此处是指每一个城镇的名字有着悠久的历史；考查long“长久的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“history”。故填long。 2．句意：然后，罗马人到达并建立了营地。结合上下文语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指罗马人到达了英国，并建立了营地；考查reach“到达”，动词；动作发生在过去，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式reached。故填reached。 3．句意：这就是为什么英格兰有这么多地名以“-chester”或“-caster”结尾。结合上文“These camps became cities called ‘castra’.”和备选词汇可知，这些营地后来变成了被称为“卡斯特拉”的城市，所以此处应是询问英格兰这么多地名以“-chester”或“-caster”结尾的原因，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 4．句意：曼彻斯特就是其中的一个例子。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处是指曼彻斯特是地名以“-chester”结尾的例子之一；考查example“例子”，名词；根据空前“one of …”可知，考查one of the+名词复数“……之一”，固定搭配，所以这里应用名词复数形式examples。故填examples。 5．句意：他们的村庄名字通常以“-ham”或“-ton”、“-thorpe”结尾。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处是描述这些村庄的名字通常以“-ham”或“-ton”“-thorpe”结尾；考查end“结束”，动词，end in“以某物结尾”，动词短语；句子描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式ended。故填ended。 6．句意：有些村庄的名字来源于村庄的首领，所以伯明翰意为“贝奥蒙德的村庄”。结合下文“Birmingham means ‘eormund’s village’”和备选词汇可知，伯明翰是叫“贝奥蒙德”的首领的村庄；考查lead“引领，领导”，动词，这里应用其名词形式leader“首领，领导者”，名词；根据“Some got their names”可知，此处是指一些村庄，首领应指多个，所以这里应用名词复数形式leaders。故填leaders。 7．句意：同样地，斯肯索普意为一个叫斯库马的人的村庄。结合下文“Scunthorpe means the village of a man called Skuma.”和备选词汇可知，“Scunthorpe”意味着一个叫Skuma的人的村庄，这个例子与上文“Birmingham”的列子是类似的；考查similar“类似的”，形容词；分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式similarly“同样地”，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Similarly。 8．句意：他们决定用“-by”来给这些地方命名。结合“these places with ‘-by’”和备选词汇可知，此处是指维京人决定给这些地方命名，并以“-by”结尾；考查name“命名，给……取名”，动词；空前为“decided”，考查decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动词不定式“to name”。故填to name。 9．句意：有些人认为，伦敦这个名字是为了纪念一位名叫路德的国王的房子，但这似乎不是真的。结合“but this … not to be true”和备选词汇可知，此处是指关于伦敦名字起源的一种说法似乎不是真的；考查seem“似乎”，动词；句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式seemed。故填seemed。 10．句意：尽管英国的大多数地名都非常古老，但也有一些新的地名。分析句子结构，前后两句存在让步关系，结合备选词汇可知，这里应用although引导状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Although。 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文语意完整。 place; importance; because; successful; end; trade; like; long; each; between The Silk Road has been a bridge 1 East and West for more than 2,000 years. The Silk Road has been 2 included into the UNESCO World Heritage List(世界文化遗产名录) at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee in Doha. But the Silk Road is not a single route(路线)! It is a series of 3 and cultural transmission(传递) routes. The trade route starts from the city of Xi’an in Shaanxi Province and 4 in Eastern Europe, near today’s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road was about 6,500 kilometers 5 . It went across one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name 6 Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Apart from silk, jade, ceramics(瓷器) and iron went west to Rome. From the west came glass, gems(宝石) and food 7 carrots and sesame(芝麻). The Silk Road was very 8 to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and literature, as well as crafts and technologies was shared across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced 9 other. Today, 10 along the Silk Road are great travel destinations(目的地), such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes(莫高窟) in Dunhuang, Gansu. 【答案】 1．between 2．successfully 3．trade 4．ends 5．long 6．because 7．like 8．important 9．each 10．places 【导语】本文主要介绍了丝绸之路的历史发展、影响以及现如今的情况。 1．句意：两千多年来，丝绸之路一直是连接东西方的桥梁。根据“East and West”可知是指中西方之间，应用介词between，故填between。 2．句意：在多哈举行的第38届世界遗产委员会会议上，丝绸之路成功被列入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》。此空应填副词修饰动词，结合选词可知successfully“成功地”符合语境，故填successfully。 3．句意：它是一系列的贸易和文化传递的路径。根据“It is a series of...and cultural transmission(传递) routes.”以及所给词并结合常识可知，丝绸之路是贸易途径，trade“贸易”，名词，作介词的宾语。故填trade。 4．句意：这条贸易之路始于陕西西安终于东欧。根据“The trade route starts from the city of Xi’an in Shaanxi Province and...in Eastern Europe”以及所给词可知，丝绸之路在东欧结束，根据“starts”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数ends“结束”。故填ends。 5．句意：丝绸之路全长约6500公里。根据“The Silk Road was about 6,500 kilometers”可知丝绸之路全长6500公里，long“长的”。故填long。 6．句意：丝绸之路获得这个名字是因为中国的丝绸过去经常沿着这条路运送。“Chinese silk used to be carried along this road”是“The Silk Road got its name”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 7．句意：从西方传来玻璃，宝石，食物，像胡萝卜和芝麻。根据“food...carrots and sesame”以及所给词可知此处表示举例，用介词like“比如，像”。故填like。 8．句意：丝绸之路对中国和世界的其他地方是非常重要的。根据“The Silk Road was very...to both China and the rest of the world”以及所给词可知，丝绸之路很重要，作be动词的表语用形容词important“重要的”。故填important。 9．句意：就这样，语言和文化相互发展，相互影响。根据“languages and cultures developed and influenced...other.”可知，语言和文化是互相影响的，应用each other“互相”。故填each。 10．句意：今天，沿着丝绸之路的一些地方是很好的旅游目的地。根据“along the Silk Road are great travel destinations(目的地)”以及所给词可知是一些地方成为旅游目的地，且有很多地方，应用名词复数places“地方”。故填places。 forget  go  we  full  history  keep  be  nation  visit  photo Have you heard of “Red Tour”? The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) was set up in 1921. After that, the Party 1 to different places and grew strong. These places are now called “revolutionary bases (革命根据地)”. When people go to 2 these places, it’s called a “Red Tour”. There are many places and museums on a “Red Tour”. Let’s walk into the “September 18” History Museum. It 3 at No.46 Wanghua South Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, and to the west of the Beijing-Harbin Railway. The “September 18” History Museum is a famous museum and it 4 shows the history of the “September 18” incident (事件). Now September 18 is an important day for Chinese people. The museum reminds 5 to remember the day all the time. The museum has 7 exhibition halls with more than 800 photos on show. It’s a 6 first-class museum. Different kinds of things, including oil paintings, Chinese paintings and videos are 7 here. Through a large number of historical 8 , and modern science and technology, we can see the people of Northeast China and the whole country working together to win the great victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Don’t 9 the past. Today, many of us don’t know what a “hard life” really is. We should learn from 10 and study hard for a better life. 【答案】 1．went 2．visit 3．is 4．fully 5．us 6．national 7．kept 8．photos 9．forget 10．history 【导语】本文介绍红色旅游的含义，以九一八历史博物馆为例，展示历史并呼吁人们铭记历史、努力学习。 1．句意：在那之后，党前往不同的地方并发展壮大。上文提到中国共产党成立于1921年，讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，go的过去式是went，表示“去”。 2．句意：当人们去参观这些地方时，这被称为“红色旅游”。上文提到这些地方被叫做革命根据地，去这些地方游玩就是红色旅游，go to do sth是固定搭配，to后接动词原形，visit表示“参观”。 3．句意：它位于辽宁省沈阳市望花南街46号，京哈铁路西侧。本句介绍博物馆的具体位置，主语是“It”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用is，表示“位于”。 4．句意：“九一八”历史博物馆是著名博物馆，它完整地展示了“九一八”事变的历史。空后为动词“shows”，需要副词来修饰，full是形容词，其副词形式为fully，表示“完整地”。 5．句意：博物馆提醒我们要一直记住这一天。remind sb to do sth是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，remind后接人称代词宾格，we的宾格是us，表示“我们”。 6．句意：它是国家一级博物馆。空后为名词短语“first-class museum”，需要形容词作定语，nation是名词，其形容词形式为national，表示“国家的”。 7．句意：包括油画、国画和视频在内的各类物品都被保存在这里。本句主语是物品，与动词存在被动关系，用被动语态，此处指被保存在这里，be动词后接keep的过去分词kept，表示“保存”。 8．句意：通过大量历史照片和现代科技，我们能看到东北人民和全国人民共同努力赢得抗战胜利。上文提到博物馆有800多张展品照片，“a large number of”后接可数名词复数，photo的复数形式是photos，表示“照片”。 9．句意：不要忘记过去。结合文章主题是铭记历史、不忘过去，本句是否定祈使句，“Don’t”后接动词原形，forget表示“忘记”。 10．句意：我们应该从历史中学习，为更好的生活努力学习。上文一直在讲述九一八事变的历史，learn from是固定搭配，意为“从……中学习”，history表示“历史”。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 we  know  story  make  importance  open  as  old  word  power More than 3,000 years ago, in Henan’s Anyang, the people of the Shang Dynasty built their capital. This place now is 1 as the Yin Ruins (殷墟). It is one of the 2 archaeological sites (考古遗址) in China. Lately, a new building of the Yinxu Museum 3 its doors. It can help 4 learn about how people lived a long time ago. The new museum looks like a bronze ding (青铜鼎). Ding is a (an) 5 type of vessel (容器) in China. It stands for 6 . The museum has nearly 4,000 relics (文物). Lots of them are oracle bones (甲骨). There are the earliest Chinese 7 written on them. These bones tell us many things about the time of the Shang, such 8 the weather, wars, and the king’s family. For example, there are the 9 of a Shang prince written on about 600 pieces of bone. They tell us that he once learned to dance and performed for his mom and dad. There are also pottery (陶制的) and bronze things in the museum. They show us how good the Shang people were at 10 things and how nice their lives were. There is a pottery with bumps (凸起) on it. The Shang people used it for bathing. It’s amazing. How smart they were! 【答案】 1．known 2．oldest 3．opens 4．us 5．important 6．power 7．words 8．as 9．stories 10．making 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了河南安阳的殷墟博物馆的建成意义及馆内藏品。 1．句意：这个地方现在被称为殷墟。根据上文三千多年前的商朝人在河南安阳建立了他们的都城，可知下文应叙述现在此地的名字。又根据备选词汇可知，本空考查be known as表示“被称为”。故填known。 2．句意：它是中国最古老的考古遗址之一。结合句意及备选词，old“古老的”符合题意；根据one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数表示“……中最……之一”，可知此处需要填形容词最高级。故填oldest。 3．句意：最近，殷墟博物馆的一座新建筑对外开放。结合句意及备选词可知open“打开”符合题意，根据上下文可知用一般现在时，主语“a new building”为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。故填opens。 4．句意：它可以帮助我们了解很久以前人们是如何生活的。本空考查help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，结合备选词可知we“我们”符合题意，动词后人称代词用宾格。故填us。 5．句意：鼎是中国一种重要的容器。结合下文可知鼎在中国有特殊含义，备选词中importance“重要性”符合题意，又根据type“种类”需要形容词来修饰，important“重要的”是形容词。故填important。 6．句意：它代表着权力。结合鼎在中国历史上的重要性以及句意，可知power“权力”符合题意。故填power。 7．句意：上面写着最早的中文词汇。结合句意及备选词，可知甲骨文作为中国最古老的文字写在甲骨上，word“词汇”符合题意，word是可数名词，变成复数words。故填words。 8．句意：这些骨头告诉我们许多关于商朝的事情，比如天气、战争和王族。根据句意可知考查such as“例如”。故填as。 9．句意：例如，有一个商朝王子的故事写在大约600块骨头上。结合下文可知，骨头上写的是商超王子的故事，story“故事”符合题意；又根据谓语动词为are，可知主语为复数。故填stories。 10．句意：他们向我们展示了商朝人民在制造东西方面有多么的优秀，他们的生活有多么的美好。结合句意及备选词可知，make“制作”符合题意；at为介词，后接动名词形式。故填making。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 enter steal what while another laugh visit politely height environment Many years ago, there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong, but it became less powerful. Yanzi was a wise adviser, so the king of Qi sent him to ask Chu to support each other. The king of Chu knew Yanzi was very short. He tried to make Yanzi feel shy about his 1 . When Yanzi arrived, the guard let him 2 through the small gate. Yanzi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet 3 with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me,” Yanzi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate. The king of Chu was unhappy at 4 Yanzi did. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone better?” the king tried 5 way. “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the best ambassador (使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here,” Yanzi replied calmly. Just then, the guards brought a thief to the king. The thief was from Qi. “Ha! Yanzi, is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king 6 . Yanzi replied, “The orange trees south of the Huai River produce big and delicious fruit, 7 the orange trees north of the Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The 8 makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi, people are good and honest, but here, they 9 . What made that person a thief here?” Finally, the king looked at Yanzi and 10 , “I was wrong about you and your state!” 【答案】 1．height 2．enter 3．visitors 4．what 5．another 6．impolitely 7．while 8．environment 9．steal 10．laughed 【导语】本文主要讲述了晏子使楚的历史故事。 1．句意：他试图让晏子对自己的身高感到羞愧。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填一个名词，结合下文“When Yan Zi arrived, the guard told him to enter through the small gate.”可知，此处是指让晏子对自己的身高感到羞愧，height表示“身高”，符合语境。故填height。 2．句意：晏子到了，卫兵让他从小门进去。根据“through the small gate”可知是从小门进去，用enter表示“进入”，let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填enter。 3．句意：只有狗的国家才会用狗的大门迎接访问者。空格处应填一个名词作宾语，结合下文“I’m visiting the State of Chu.”可知，此处是指迎接访问者，visitor表示“访问者”，为可数名词，空格前无冠词，所以此处用复数名词。故填visitors。 4．句意：楚王对晏子的所作所为很不高兴。空格处引导宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作宾语，指代物，所以用引导词what。故填what。 5．句意：“齐国为什么派你来？”他们没有更好的人选吗？”国王又试了另一种方法。结合前文提到楚国以狗洞迎接晏子可知，此处是指国王又用另一种方法羞辱晏子，another表示“又一”，符合语境。故填another。 6．句意：“哈！晏子，齐国是贼国吗？”国王不礼貌地问道。空格处应填一个副词修饰动词“asked”，结合语境可知，楚王是在不礼貌地问。故填impolitely。 7．句意：淮河以南的橙树果实大而美味，而淮河以北的橙树果实小而酸。分析可知，空格前后存在转折关系，所以用while表示“然而”。故填while。 8．句意：环境使水果生长不同。空格处应填一个名词作主语，结合前文提到橙树果实在淮河以南和淮河以北的差异可知，此处是指环境使水果生长不同。故填environment。 9．句意：在齐国，人们善良诚实，但在这里，他们偷窃。根据下文“What made that person a thief here?”可知，此处是指人们在楚国偷窃，steal表示“偷”，符合语境，结合句子是一般现在时及句子主语“they”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填steal。 10．句意：最后，楚王看着晏子笑了。根据前文“The king of Chu was unhappy”及下文“I was wrong about you and your state!”可知，此处是指楚王看着晏子笑了，laugh表示“笑”，结合空前“and”为并列连词可知，空格处应用动词过去式。故填laughed。 重难语篇练习 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 palace  interesting  lead  without  they peace  that  situation  important  come The Battle of Muye is one of the most 1 and well-known wars in ancient Chinese history. It took place in Muye, which is located in the northern part of Henan Province today. This great war was a turning point 2 changed the direction of ancient China’s development. More than 3,000 years ago, the Shang Dynasty was 3 to an end. Its last king, King Zhou, was very cruel and selfish. He only cared about his own pleasure and built many beautiful 4 for himself. He treated common people very badly, made them work day and night 5 rest, and brought endless pain and suffering to the whole country. As a result, more and more people lost 6 trust in the king and hoped for a new and kind ruler. King Wu of Zhou was a wise, kind and great leader. He saw the hard life of the people and decided to change the dark 7 and save the country. He worked hard to unite different tribes and built a strong and united army. Many brave soldiers and honest people were willing to follow him. When everything was ready, King Wu 8 his army to march towards the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and the two armies met at Muye. The big fight broke out at once. 9 , most of the Shang soldiers were also tired of King Zhou’s cruelty. They didn’t want to fight for the cruel king anymore, so they turned around and joined King Wu’s army on the battlefield. With the help of these soldiers, King Wu’s army won the war easily. Finally, the Shang Dynasty was over. The Zhou Dynasty began to rule China. This war ended the cruel rule of Shang and brought a new and 10 life to the people. 【答案】 1．important 2．that 3．coming 4．palaces 5．without 6．their 7．situation 8．led 9．Interestingly 10．peaceful 【导语】本文介绍了中国历史上著名的牧野之战，这场战争标志着商朝的灭亡和周朝的建立，结束了商纣王的暴政，为人民带来了和平与希望。 1．句意：牧野之战是中国古代历史上最重要、最著名的战争之一。此处需要一个形容词，与“well-known”并列。结合史实，牧野之战是中国古代历史上最重要的战争之一，“important”意为“重要的”，与the most构成形容词最高级形式。 2．句意：这场伟大的战争是一个转折点，改变了中国古代发展的方向。此处需要一个关系代词，引导定语从句修饰先行词“a turning point”，在从句中作主语。根据“changed the direction”可知，“that”可以指代物并在从句中作主语，符合语法。 3．句意：三千多年前，商朝即将走向终结。此处需要一个动词的现在分词形式，与“was”构成过去进行时。根据“the Shang Dynasty was...to an end”可知，“be coming to an end”意为“即将结束”，come的现在分词为coming。 4．句意：他只关心自己的享乐，为自己建造了许多美丽的宫殿。此处需要一个名词，作动词“built”的宾语。根据“built many beautiful...for himself”可知，指建造宫殿，“palace”意为“宫殿”，many后接复数形式palaces。 5．句意：他对待百姓非常残暴，让他们日夜劳作不得休息，给整个国家带来了无尽的痛苦和灾难。此处需要一个介词，与“rest”构成短语。根据“made them work day and night...rest”可知，百姓日夜劳作不得休息，“without rest”意为“没有休息”。 6．句意：结果，越来越多的人失去了对国王的信任，希望有一位仁慈的新统治者。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰名词“trust”。根据“more and more people lost...trust in the king”可知，人们失去了“他们的”信任。they的形容词性物主代词为their。 7．句意：他看到了人民的艰难生活，决心改变这黑暗的局面，拯救国家。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。根据“change the dark...and save the country”可知，此处指改变这黑暗的局面，“situation”意为“局面、状况”，符合语境。 8．句意：当一切准备就绪后，周武王率领他的军队向商朝的首都进军，两军在牧野相遇。此处需要一个动词的过去式，在句中作谓语。根据“his army to march towards the capital”可知，应该是率领军队，“lead”意为“带领、率领”，描述过去的事情，用过去式led。 9．句意：有趣的是，大多数商朝士兵也已经厌倦了纣王的残暴。此处需要一个副词，修饰整个句子。根据“most of the Shang soldiers were also tired of Kin g Zhou’s cruelty”可知，大多数商朝士兵也已经厌倦了纣王的残暴，这是有趣的现象，“Interestingly”意为“有趣的是”，符合语境，位于句首首字母大写 10．句意：这场战争结束了商朝的残酷统治，为人民带来了新的、和平的生活。此处需要一个形容词，修饰名词“life”。根据“brought a new and...life to the people”可知，战争之后，人民的生活和平了，“peaceful”意为“和平的”，符合语境。 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 appear  cause  what  sudden  break  explain  mystery  make  record  however Sanxingdui (三星堆) flourished (繁荣) during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization, so we once knew very little about it. For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared 3 . Hundreds of jade (玉), bronze, and valuable things were 4 , burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared completely. Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation (延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a subject of discussion. Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake. He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide (山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony (祭祀仪式)? There is evidence (证据) suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry — it was done with purpose. That’s 10 still remains so mysterious. 【答案】 1．record 2．mysteries 3．suddenly 4．broken 5．appeared 6．However 7．cause 8．explained 9．makes 10．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文，围绕三星堆文明展开，介绍三星堆缺少文字记载、文明突然消亡的谜团以及专家针对迁徙原因提出的猜想与相关推论。 1．句意：然而没有关于这个文明的文字记载，因此我们曾经对它了解甚少。根据“written”可知，此处指没有文字记载，record“记载”符合固定搭配written record“文字记载”。 2．句意：多年来，专家们一直在努力破解三星堆背后的谜团。根据后文“One big mystery” 可知，此处指谜团，mystery“谜团”符合语境，三星堆的谜团不止一个，用复数形式mysteries。 3．句意：一大谜团就是三星堆文明突然消失了。根据“One big mystery is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared ...”可知，此处指三星堆文明突然消失。修饰动词disappeared要用副词，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，意为“突然地”。 4． 句意：数百件玉器、青铜器以及贵重物品被打碎、焚烧并掩埋。根据“Hundreds of jade (玉), bronze, and valuable things were ... burned and buried.”可知，此处应选与burned，buried并列的动词。break“破坏”，此处是被动语态，表示被破坏，用过去分词形式broken。 5．句意：大约在同一时期，距离三星堆38公里的金沙出现了一个相似的文明。根据“Around the same time, a similar civilization ... in Jinsha”可知，相似的文明在金沙出现，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时。appear“出现”符合语境，appear的过去式为appeared。 6． 句意：然而，迁徙的原因依旧备受争论。根据“Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation (延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. ..., the reason for the move remains a subject of discussion.”可知，前后句逻辑为转折关系，however“然而”，表转折，位于句首首字母大写。 7．2008年汶川地震过后，四川大学河流研究领域的科学家范念念提出，此次灾害的真实诱因或许是一场强震。根据“... suggested that the actual ... might have been a big earthquake”可知，此处是在猜测真正的原因， cause“诱因”符合语境。 8．句意：他解释道：“地震或许没有直接摧毁三星堆。”。根据“The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly ...”可知，此处表示他在解释。讲述过去的观点用一般过去时。explain“解释”的过去式是explained。 9．句意：范教授的观点有道理，但依旧无法解释他们为何打碎掩埋宝物而非带走。根据固定搭配make sense（有道理），主语idea为单数，时态为一般现在时，make变为makes。 10．句意：这便是至今依旧扑朔迷离的地方。根据“That’s ... still remains so mysterious.”可知，此处为表语从句，从句缺主语，用what引导，表示“……的事情”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题选词填空练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 考古发现与历史 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。 when  while  so  such  that  after  with  until  since  find  without  which Sanxingdui is 1 an important archaeological site that it has attracted worldwide attention. 2 it was first discovered in the 1920s, it has produced thousands of precious artifacts. In 2026, archaeologists made a new discovery. They 3 a meteoritic iron object in a sacrificial pit. The object was 4 well preserved that it still had its original shape. Scientists worked for months 5 they could confirm its origin. They used special technology to study the object 6 damaging it. The discovery was so exciting 7 it made headlines around the world. It is believed that the iron came from the meteorite 8 hit Earth thousands of years ago. People in the Shu Kingdom were so advanced that they could work 9 materials from space. 10 this discovery, scientists have changed their understanding of ancient Chinese civilization. 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。 spend  he  between  compare  know  researcher  young  or  certainly  imagination William lives in Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the 15-year-old boy said that he had discovered a lost Mayan (玛雅的) city in Mexico. William showed a great interest in Mayan culture at a(n) 1 age. Many boys usually 2 their free time playing computer games, but William likes learning about Mayan culture. His great 3 allows him to explore ancient mysteries through books and maps. To 4 surprise, William noticed that people from other cultures built their cities near the water. However, the Mayans chose to build their cities in forests, in mountains 5 in other places far away from the water. William wanted to 6 the reason. After studying the locations of 117 known Mayan cities, he found out the connection 7 the cities and the stars. It seems that the Mayans built their cities to match different constellations (星座). William 8 the known Mayan cities with 23 constellations. While studying the last constellation, he saw three stars but only two known cities. So he guessed there might be another city. With the help of the Canadian Space Agency, he 9 believed he had found the lost Mayan city. However, not all scientists think so. Some 10 say that the so-called “lost Mayan city” is an abandoned (被遗弃的) corn field that hasn’t been used for many years. It still remains a mystery. 阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 accident   it   eye   succeed   but   die   discover   challenge   true   sad Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum? Do you know the 1 colors of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army (兵马俑). He hoped that the army would guard him after his 2 . In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by 3 in Xi’an. After that, more than 8,000 clay soldiers were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown. 4 they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 , most of the colors disappeared till today. An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was 6 by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown 7 at that time. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 8 color. First, they sprayed (喷) a kind of special “water” on it. Then, they covered it with plastic (塑料). Archaeologists are facing a new 9 now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they 10 in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers looked like when they were made. It must be very amazing. 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺，每词限用一次。 although  because  begin  end  example  lead  long  name  reach  seem  similar  why The name of every British town and city has a 1 history. Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts (凯尔特人). Even the word “Britain” is Celtic. Then the Romans 2 and built camps. These camps became cities called “castra”. This is 3 so many place names in England have “-chester” or “-caster”. Manchester is one of the 4 . Then Anglo-Saxon (盎格鲁撒克逊人) people came. The names of their villages often 5 in “-ham” or “-ton” “-thorpe”. Some got their names from the 6 of the villages, so Birmingham means “Beormund’s village”. 7 , Scunthorpe means the village of a man called Skuma. Twelve hundred years ago, Vikings (维京人) came to England. They decided 8 these places with “-by”. Kirkbya means the village with a church. How about London? The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first people there. Some believed that it was for the house of a king called Lud, but this 9 not to be true. 10 most place names in the United Kingdom are very old, there are some new names, too. There’s a place called Port Sunlight because that’s where Sunlight soap was made in the 19th century. 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文语意完整。 place; importance; because; successful; end; trade; like; long; each; between The Silk Road has been a bridge 1 East and West for more than 2,000 years. The Silk Road has been 2 included into the UNESCO World Heritage List(世界文化遗产名录) at the 38th session of the World Heritage Committee in Doha. But the Silk Road is not a single route(路线)! It is a series of 3 and cultural transmission(传递) routes. The trade route starts from the city of Xi’an in Shaanxi Province and 4 in Eastern Europe, near today’s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road was about 6,500 kilometers 5 . It went across one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name 6 Chinese silk used to be carried along this road. Apart from silk, jade, ceramics(瓷器) and iron went west to Rome. From the west came glass, gems(宝石) and food 7 carrots and sesame(芝麻). The Silk Road was very 8 to both China and the rest of the world. Besides trade, knowledge about science, arts and literature, as well as crafts and technologies was shared across the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed and influenced 9 other. Today, 10 along the Silk Road are great travel destinations(目的地), such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes(莫高窟) in Dunhuang, Gansu. forget  go  we  full  history  keep  be  nation  visit  photo Have you heard of “Red Tour”? The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) was set up in 1921. After that, the Party 1 to different places and grew strong. These places are now called “revolutionary bases (革命根据地)”. When people go to 2 these places, it’s called a “Red Tour”. There are many places and museums on a “Red Tour”. Let’s walk into the “September 18” History Museum. It 3 at No.46 Wanghua South Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, and to the west of the Beijing-Harbin Railway. The “September 18” History Museum is a famous museum and it 4 shows the history of the “September 18” incident (事件). Now September 18 is an important day for Chinese people. The museum reminds 5 to remember the day all the time. The museum has 7 exhibition halls with more than 800 photos on show. It’s a 6 first-class museum. Different kinds of things, including oil paintings, Chinese paintings and videos are 7 here. Through a large number of historical 8 , and modern science and technology, we can see the people of Northeast China and the whole country working together to win the great victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Don’t 9 the past. Today, many of us don’t know what a “hard life” really is. We should learn from 10 and study hard for a better life. 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 we  know  story  make  importance  open  as  old  word  power More than 3,000 years ago, in Henan’s Anyang, the people of the Shang Dynasty built their capital. This place now is 1 as the Yin Ruins (殷墟). It is one of the 2 archaeological sites (考古遗址) in China. Lately, a new building of the Yinxu Museum 3 its doors. It can help 4 learn about how people lived a long time ago. The new museum looks like a bronze ding (青铜鼎). Ding is a (an) 5 type of vessel (容器) in China. It stands for 6 . The museum has nearly 4,000 relics (文物). Lots of them are oracle bones (甲骨). There are the earliest Chinese 7 written on them. These bones tell us many things about the time of the Shang, such 8 the weather, wars, and the king’s family. For example, there are the 9 of a Shang prince written on about 600 pieces of bone. They tell us that he once learned to dance and performed for his mom and dad. There are also pottery (陶制的) and bronze things in the museum. They show us how good the Shang people were at 10 things and how nice their lives were. There is a pottery with bumps (凸起) on it. The Shang people used it for bathing. It’s amazing. How smart they were! 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 enter steal what while another laugh visit politely height environment Many years ago, there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong, but it became less powerful. Yanzi was a wise adviser, so the king of Qi sent him to ask Chu to support each other. The king of Chu knew Yanzi was very short. He tried to make Yanzi feel shy about his 1 . When Yanzi arrived, the guard let him 2 through the small gate. Yanzi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet 3 with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me,” Yanzi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate. The king of Chu was unhappy at 4 Yanzi did. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone better?” the king tried 5 way. “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the best ambassador (使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here,” Yanzi replied calmly. Just then, the guards brought a thief to the king. The thief was from Qi. “Ha! Yanzi, is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king 6 . Yanzi replied, “The orange trees south of the Huai River produce big and delicious fruit, 7 the orange trees north of the Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The 8 makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi, people are good and honest, but here, they 9 . What made that person a thief here?” Finally, the king looked at Yanzi and 10 , “I was wrong about you and your state!” 重难语篇练习 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 palace  interesting  lead  without  they peace  that  situation  important  come The Battle of Muye is one of the most 1 and well-known wars in ancient Chinese history. It took place in Muye, which is located in the northern part of Henan Province today. This great war was a turning point 2 changed the direction of ancient China’s development. More than 3,000 years ago, the Shang Dynasty was 3 to an end. Its last king, King Zhou, was very cruel and selfish. He only cared about his own pleasure and built many beautiful 4 for himself. He treated common people very badly, made them work day and night 5 rest, and brought endless pain and suffering to the whole country. As a result, more and more people lost 6 trust in the king and hoped for a new and kind ruler. King Wu of Zhou was a wise, kind and great leader. He saw the hard life of the people and decided to change the dark 7 and save the country. He worked hard to unite different tribes and built a strong and united army. Many brave soldiers and honest people were willing to follow him. When everything was ready, King Wu 8 his army to march towards the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and the two armies met at Muye. The big fight broke out at once. 9 , most of the Shang soldiers were also tired of King Zhou’s cruelty. They didn’t want to fight for the cruel king anymore, so they turned around and joined King Wu’s army on the battlefield. With the help of these soldiers, King Wu’s army won the war easily. Finally, the Shang Dynasty was over. The Zhou Dynasty began to rule China. This war ended the cruel rule of Shang and brought a new and 10 life to the people. 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 appear  cause  what  sudden  break  explain  mystery  make  record  however Sanxingdui (三星堆) flourished (繁荣) during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization, so we once knew very little about it. For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared 3 . Hundreds of jade (玉), bronze, and valuable things were 4 , burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared completely. Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation (延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a subject of discussion. Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake. He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide (山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony (祭祀仪式)? There is evidence (证据) suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry — it was done with purpose. That’s 10 still remains so mysterious. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $