Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空10篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（外研版）

Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 考古发现与历史 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose Tom and Lance were on their way home from school. “What will you write about for your 1 paper, Tom?” Lance asked. “I might do a study of the Indians,” Tom said. “Columbus 2 America and called the people he met Indians, because he thought he was in India. He was 3 , of course. Actually, these people came from Asia. Do you know how they got there?” Tom asked. “I 4 something about that last year. A book said that over 20,000 years ago, a land bridge 5 Siberia with what’s now Alaska,” Lance said. “That’s how these first people got there. They were following the 6 they hunted. They depended on the animals to live. If the animals moved, people had to follow.” “That’s right,” Tom continued, “As time went by, they went everywhere from Alaska 7 South America. Every time they reached a new place, they met many animals they’d never seen before. They must have had all kinds of adventures.” “Yes,” Lance agreed, “And I wonder if 8 could survive in the wild.” “We would have to learn to hunt,” Tom said. “We would also have to learn to protect ourselves from wild animals as 9 as possible to avoid danger. But now I’ll have to borrow some 10 books for my paper first!” Then they went to the library together. 1．A．art B．science C．history 2．A．discovered B．developed C．introduced 3．A．lonely B．wrong C．honest 4．A．asked B．read C．wrote 5．A．connected B．compared C．provided 6．A．spoons B．plants C．animals 7．A．for B．to C．on 8．A．we B．they C．you 9．A．clearly B．carefully C．quietly 10．A．strange B．expensive C．valuable 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 December 13th is a significant day for China. It’s the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims (南京大屠杀死难者). In 2025, it was the 1 such day since it was set up in 2014. On this day, people across the country remember the 300,000 victims of the Nanjing Massacre. On December 13, 2025, the air-raid siren (防空警报)   2 loudly in Nanjing. People stopped their activities and kept a minute of silence. Many people gathered on the streets, showing their deep 3 for the dead. The Nanjing Massacre is a 4 part of history. We should never forget it. Remembering history helps us cherish peace more. It also 5 us to work hard to make our country stronger, so that such tragedies (悲剧) will never 6 again. Schools often organize activities to let students learn about this history. Students may visit the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders (侵华日军) and listen to stories from survivors (幸存者). These activities help students 7 the importance of remembering history. As teenagers, we need to know that peace is not easy to keep. We should study hard and develop a 8 of responsibility. We should also be 9 to people around us. More importantly, we should tell more people about this history so that more people can realize the value of peace. Let’s all honor the memory of the victims and 10 for a peaceful world. 1．A．first B．twelfth C．ninth 2．A．cried B．sang C．rang 3．A．respect B．doubt C．anger 4．A．enjoyable B．painful C．proud 5．A．regrets B．reflects C．reminds 6．A．happen B．complete C．start 7．A．create B．realize C．suggest 8．A．sense B．skill C．kind 9．A．used B．familiar C．friendly 10．A．fight B．break C．prevent During the Three Kingdoms Period, Liu Bei and Sun Quan joined forces to fight 1 Cao Cao. Zhou Yu, the commander of Sun Quan’s army, was jealous (妒忌的) of Zhuge Liang’s 2 . He asked Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows 3 10 days, or face punishment. “Three days is 4 ,” Zhuge Liang said confidently. He also asked his friend Lu Su 5 him 20 boats, each filled with straw scarecrows. He told Lu Su 6 to tell Zhou Yu about his plan. On the early morning of the third day, a thick fog covered the river. Zhuge Liang ordered the boats to head for Cao Cao’s camp. The soldiers on the boats shouted and beat drums loudly 7 they were attacking. Cao Cao’s soldiers could 8 see clearly in the fog. They thought it was a real attack and quickly 9 thousands of arrows at the straw scarecrows. Soon, the scarecrows were 10 of arrows. Zhuge Liang then ordered the boats to turn around. When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows. Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius. 1．A．for B．against C．to D．by 2．A．looks B．height C．family D．talent 3．A．after B．before C．in D．since 4．A．enough B．long C．short D．more 5．A．to make B．to lend C．to invent D．to borrow 6．A．don’t B．not C．never D．no 7．A．as if B．so that C．because D．though 8．A．easily B．hardly C．always D．almost 9．A．shot B．pointed C．shouted D．laughed 10．A．filled B．full C．covered D．afraid The Empty City Strategy is a famous military tactic (军事战术) during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. It’s a story about Zhuge Liang, who used a (n) 1 to defeat (打败) Sima Yi, a general from the State of Wei. One day, Sima Yi led a large army to 2 Xicheng where Zhuge Liang and his army were stationed. However, there were only about 2,500 soldiers inside the city, so Zhuge Liang 3 whether he could win the battle against the Wei army. Suddenly, he came up with a 4 . He ordered all the city gates to be left open. Then he told most people to act 5 and asked a few soldiers to dress as cleaners to sweep the streets near the city walls. When Sima Yi and his army arrived, they saw the 6 gates and the nearly empty city. They felt suspicious (怀疑的). At the same time, Zhuge Liang was playing his guqin on the city wall, looking 7 . Sima Yi knew that Zhuge Liang was famous for his clever tricks. “It must be a trap!” he thought to himself. “There are probably thousands of 8 hiding inside.” Then he decided not to attack and ordered his army to pull back. Later, when Sima Yi 9 the truth, he couldn’t believe Zhuge Liang had fooled him. This story teaches us an important lesson: We should keep cool and use wisdom to 10 problems bravely when we face them. 1．A．skill B．trick C．exchange D．experience 2．A．clean B．discover C．attack D．build 3．A．doubted B．decided C．imagined D．hoped 4．A．choice B．plan C．reason D．truth 5．A．correctly B．calmly C．secretly D．faithfully 6．A．open B．large C．unusual D．new 7．A．worried B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 8．A．captains B．musicians C．soldiers D．farmers 9．A．broke down B．put on C．gave up D．found out 10．A．explore B．discuss C．cause D．solve When Emperor Yao ruled China, the Yellow River was like a(n) 1 dragon, breaking everything in its way. Villages disappeared underwater. Fields turned into lakes. People almost lost everything. The emperor asked Yu’s father, Gun, to 2 the floods. For nine years, Gun built huge walls to control the river. But the wild 3 broke through, causing even greater danger. When Yu continued his father’s work, he 4 the land and tried a new way. Instead of fighting 5 the river, he walked along its banks for ten years, finding how rainwater naturally passed through mountains to rivers and then to the ocean. Then a different idea came to his mind, “Why not 6 the water to the sea?” With thousands of workers, Yu dug smooth channels (平缓的河道) through the land. Using simple wooden tools, they 7 guided the water toward the sea. Yu worked so hard that when his wife gave birth, he passed their home three times but didn’t enter. “If I stop,” he told 8 team, “the floods will win.” Finally, the river calmed down and it brought new life to the banks. Where once were floods, plants now grew. Yu’s 9 taught China an important lesson: Working with nature is better than fighting against it. It still guides engineers today to keep a balance between humans and nature. From ancient channels to modern dams like the Three Gorges (三峡), China remembers this 10 way. 1．A．brave B．silent C．angry D．strong 2．A．control B．hide C．check D．manage 3．A．waters B．walls C．villages D．hills 4．A．found B．protected C．studied D．guided 5．A．from B．against C．for D．with 6．A．bring B．send C．fall D．lead 7．A．completely B．carefully C．peacefully D．slowly 8．A．her B．our C．his D．your 9．A．success B．skill C．survey D．plan 10．A．easy B．safe C．ancient D．wise 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Evan Kail, a 34-year-old shop owner from the US, made a brave decision—he donated an old collection of photos showing Japanese war crimes in China during WWII. Though he faced threats (威胁) for his actions, he says he has no regrets. Last year, Kail 1 the old collection of photos from a customer. It has over 30 photos of Japanese soldiers’ atrocities (暴行)  in Shanghai and Nanjing, including the Nanjing Massacre (大屠杀), where thousands of Chinese were killed. Knowing how 2 these photos were, Kail decided to give them to the Chinese. After sharing some 3 online, Kail received scary messages. He believes they were from those who deny (否认) history. To stay safe, sometimes he 4 wore a bulletproof vest (防弹背心) when going out. Although there was 5 , Kail felt encouraged by support from Chinese people. “It’s amazing to have support from people in a country that I’ve never even met and they are standing up for 6 and that means a lot,” he said. He felt happy to receive a letter of thanks along with a surprising national gift, an exquisite porcelain tea jar. “This is the 7 thing I’ve ever done. I read the letter whenever I feel unhappy.” he said. Kail said not many people in the West know the history of the Nanjing Massacre, and he didn’t either 8 attending a top 100 high school in the US. Kail hopes more people will learn about this dark 9 . He has even started learning Chinese to connect with supporters. “War is never the answer,” he said. “We must remember the past to build a 10 future.” 1．A．refused B．designed C．received D．missed 2．A．interesting B．awful C．difficult D．important 3．A．photos B．shops C．books D．hobbies 4．A．still B．even C．just D．only 5．A．respect B．success C．happiness D．danger 6．A．them B．me C．him D．it 7．A．most exciting B．best C．most popular D．proudest 8．A．before B．until C．when D．if 9．A．history B．place C．sea D．corner 10．A．distant B．possible C．peaceful D．near 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The king of Qi was a wise man. To make his state more powerful, he asked 1 advice. Zou Ji went to give his advice. He said to the king, “I know I am not as 2 as Xu Gong, but my wife says I am because she wants to keep me happy. My concubine (妾) says it too because she 3 me. Even my guests say the same thing because 4 want to get some favors (照顾). This tells me something: Your Majesty (陛下), you have a large state with so much land and 120 cities. You are very 5 . This makes everyone around you want to keep you happy. You may thus also be a victim (受害者) of sweet words.” “You are quite right,” said the king of Qi. Then he 6 an announcement: “Come to me with criticisms (批评) to get rewards. 7 any of my faults to my face, and you will get the biggest reward. If you send a report to criticize me, you will also get a large reward. And those who 8 my faults behind my back will get a smaller one if their words reach my ear.” In the 9 few days, so many people came to the court to criticize the king that it was as crowded as a market. A few months later, however, few people came any more with criticisms. A year later, no one had 10 else to say. When other states like Yan, Zhao, Han and Wei heard the news, they all came to pay their respects to the King of Qi. 1．A．as B．by C．for D．from 2．A．handsome B．ugly C．tall D．short 3．A．gets amazed at B．is kind to C．gets interested in D．is afraid of 4．A．we B．you C．they D．he 5．A．harmful B．thankful C．powerful D．careful 6．A．sang B．made C．read D．found 7．A．Run over B．Point out C．Give up D．Copy down 8．A．accept B．become C．choose D．discuss 9．A．second B．third C．fourth D．first 10．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 重难语篇练习 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 History is 1 than just a school subject. It is a window into the past that helps us understand the 2 and the future. When we study history, we learn about the 3 , struggles, and achievements of those who came before us. Many young people 4 history boring because they think it is only about memorizing names and dates. 5 history is actually about stories—stories of real people with real hopes and fears. 6 we read these stories, we can connect with people from 7 times. History also teaches us important 8 . By examining past mistakes, we can avoid 9 them in the future. By learning from past successes, we can 10 better solutions to today’s problems. Furthermore, history helps us 11 a sense of identity. It tells us 12 we came from and what values we share. This 13 us feel connected to our community and our country. In short, history is not 14 . It is a treasure that we should value and pass on to the next generation. As the saying goes, "Histories make men 15 .” 1．A．less B．more C．much D．few 2．A．present B．past C．today D．now 3．A．failures B．successes C．challenges D．lessons 4．A．find B．make C．think D．believe 5．A．So B．Because C．But D．Unless 6．A．Where B．When C．Unless D．Although 7．A．different B．same C．modern D．recent 8．A．facts B．lessons C．books D．rules 9．A．making B．repeating C．facing D．solving 10．A．develop B．avoid C．forget D．ignore 11．A．break B．build C．change D．protect 12．A．where B．why C．how D．when 13．A．allows B．helps C．fails D．reminds 14．A．useful B．valuable C．useless D．necessary 15．A．wise B．happy C．rich D．strong Researchers have uncovered the oldest known hand-held wooden tools, giving scientists a new way to understand early humans nearly half a million years ago. An international team found the artifacts at Marathousa 1 in Greece, where wet conditions helped wood 1 . The two objects, dated to about 430,000 years ago, were not random sticks. Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving, which 2 that people had deliberately shaped them. The discovery matters because wood usually 3 long before archaeologists can study it. Stone tools survive more easily, so they often give an incomplete   4 of ancient technology. One object, made from alder, may have been used for digging near the lakeshore or stripping bark. Another smaller piece of willow or poplar also showed signs of human 5 . The site tells a wider story. Stone tools and animal remains suggest early humans used the area for butchering prey near an ancient lake. A larger wood fragment had grooves, but researchers concluded they were made by a large carnivore, possibly a bear, rather than by people. That detail 6 a dangerous environment in which humans and predators may have competed for 7 . For scientists, the find pushes back evidence of hand-held wooden tool use by at least 40,000 years. It also shows that early humans were not limited to stone. They selected plants, shaped materials and solved practical problems with 8 . Because such evidence is rare, researchers had to 9 each mark carefully. Some marks were human-made, while others came from animals; telling the difference required 10 comparison. Without microscopes and teamwork, the wood might have been 11 as ordinary fragments. Instead, it now 12 the timeline of early technology and adds southeastern Europe to the map of important discoveries. The tools do more than fill a museum shelf: they 13 how early humans worked, learned and adapted. They also remind us that fragile materials can 14 major stories when conditions protect them. Sometimes, the quietest objects give the 15 clues. 1．A．survive B．disappear C．float D．burn 2．A．denied B．suggested C．forgot D．warned 3．A．decays B．improves C．waits D．shines 4．A．picture B．answer C．promise D．habit 5．A．doubt B．activity C．silence D．distance 6．A．hides B．repeats C．reveals D．cancels 7．A．titles B．resources C．numbers D．colors 8．A．skill B．luck C．noise D．fear 9．A．protect B．examine C．invent D．decorate 10．A．careful B．careless C．sudden D．public 11．A．praised B．dismissed C．borrowed D．repaired 12．A．follows B．changes C．wastes D．copies 13．A．remove B．question C．show D．hide 14．A．carry B．lose C．avoid D．refuse 15．A．weakest B．simplest C．strongest D．coldest 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题完形填空练习 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 考古发现与历史 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了位于宁夏银川的贺兰山岩画遗址公园，讲述了岩画作为古代人类记录生活和精神世界的重要载体，其丰富的内容、分布特点以及专家和保护者为研究和保护这些珍贵文化遗产所做出的努力。 1．句意：任何人都会对岩石上艺术作品和雕刻的数量感到惊讶。 根据语境，岩画数量巨大（后文提到约6000处），人们看到如此多的作品通常会感到惊奇，surprised“惊讶的”符合语境。angry“生气的”、afraid“害怕的”、upset“心烦的”均不符合参观历史遗迹时的正常情感反应。 2．句意：在人类懂得读写之前，这些雕刻就是一本充满信息的书。 岩画记录了古代人的生活、信仰等，相当于一种信息载体，information“信息”符合语境。decisions“决定”、population“人口”、joy“快乐”均不能全面概括岩画作为“书”所承载的历史和文化内容。 3．句意：如今，它们帮助我们了解古人是如何生活的。 此处引导宾语从句，表示生活方式或状态，how“如何”符合语境，即了解古人生活的情形。whether“是否”、which“哪一个”、if“如果/是否”均不符合“了解生活状况”的语义逻辑。 4．句意：公园里的岩石雕刻涵盖了不同的物体，包括动物、植物等。 主语是Rock carvings，宾语是different objects，cover“涵盖/包含”准确描述了岩画内容的广泛性，符合语境。understand“理解”、discover“发现”、receive“接收”均不能恰当表达岩画内容与物体之间的包含关系。 5．句意：“岩石艺术在中国其他许多地方也已被发现，但该公园是唯一一个在单一地点拥有如此多岩石艺术品的地方。” 句中使用了现在完成时has been found，且语境表示“已经”存在的事实，already“已经”常用于肯定句的完成时中，符合语境。yet“还/尚”多用于否定句或疑问句、ever“曾经”、never“从不”均不符合此处强调“已发现”的肯定语气。 6．句意：这有助于游客在一次可能持续一两个小时的旅行中了解更多关于古代艺术的知识。 one or two hours“一两个小时”是固定表达，表示概数，or“或者”符合语境。so“所以”、but“但是”、and“和”均不能连接数字构成此处的时间范围表达。 7．句意：据张先生说，“石头上的历史”是人类在文字被创造出来之前展示精神世界的一种好方式。 根据前文“before human beings knew how to read or write”可知，岩画出现在文字产生之前，before“在……之前”符合历史发展逻辑。with“随着”、by“通过”、after“在……之后”均与事实相反。 8．句意：在过去的几年里，张和他的团队一直在寻找岩画。 后文引用张先生的话“Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing”（有时我们花了一整天却一无所获），说明他们的工作性质是勘探和寻找，searching for“寻找”符合语境。setting up“建立”、discussing with“与……讨论”、worrying about“担心”均不符合野外考古工作的描述。 9．句意：其他专家和当地政府已尽力保护它。 主语是Other experts and the local government（复数，指代第三方），try one’s best是固定搭配，此处应用their“他们的”，符合语境。our“我们的”、your“你们的”、its“它的”均与人称不符。 10．句意：银川世界岩画博物馆已向公众开放，以提高人们保护岩刻的意识。 raise awareness“提高意识”是固定搭配，raise符合语境。cause“引起”、make“制作/使”、choose“选择”均不能与awareness构成地道的“提高意识”搭配。 Tom and Lance were on their way home from school. “What will you write about for your 1 paper, Tom?” Lance asked. “I might do a study of the Indians,” Tom said. “Columbus 2 America and called the people he met Indians, because he thought he was in India. He was 3 , of course. Actually, these people came from Asia. Do you know how they got there?” Tom asked. “I 4 something about that last year. A book said that over 20,000 years ago, a land bridge 5 Siberia with what’s now Alaska,” Lance said. “That’s how these first people got there. They were following the 6 they hunted. They depended on the animals to live. If the animals moved, people had to follow.” “That’s right,” Tom continued, “As time went by, they went everywhere from Alaska 7 South America. Every time they reached a new place, they met many animals they’d never seen before. They must have had all kinds of adventures.” “Yes,” Lance agreed, “And I wonder if 8 could survive in the wild.” “We would have to learn to hunt,” Tom said. “We would also have to learn to protect ourselves from wild animals as 9 as possible to avoid danger. But now I’ll have to borrow some 10 books for my paper first!” Then they went to the library together. 1．A．art B．science C．history 2．A．discovered B．developed C．introduced 3．A．lonely B．wrong C．honest 4．A．asked B．read C．wrote 5．A．connected B．compared C．provided 6．A．spoons B．plants C．animals 7．A．for B．to C．on 8．A．we B．they C．you 9．A．clearly B．carefully C．quietly 10．A．strange B．expensive C．valuable 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Tom和Lance在放学回家途中，讨论关于印第安人起源及哥伦布发现新大陆的历史作业话题，并计划去图书馆查阅资料。 1．句意：你要写什么历史论文，Tom？ 后文两人讨论了哥伦布发现美洲、美洲原住民起源等历史相关内容，说明这是历史课的论文，history“历史”符合逻辑。art艺术；science科学，均不符合语境。 2．句意：哥伦布发现了美洲，并称他遇到的人为“印第安人”，因为他以为自己在印度。 根据历史常识及语境可知，美洲大陆是客观存在的，哥伦布发现了新大陆，discovered“发现”符合语境。developed发展；introduced介绍，均不符合事实。 3．句意：他当然错了。 根据后文“Actually, these people came from Asia”可知，哥伦布以为到了印度，实际上是美洲，所以他是错的，wrong“错误的”符合语境。lonely孤独的；honest诚实的，均不符合逻辑。 4．句意：去年我读过关于那件事的东西。 根据后文“A book said”可知，信息来源于书，所以是读过，read“读”符合语境。asked问；wrote写，均不符合获取书中信息的语境。 5．句意：一本书提到，大约2万年前，一条陆桥连接了西伯利亚和如今的阿拉斯加。 根据“land bridge”及两个地名“Siberia”和“Alaska”可知，此处指地理上的连接，connected“连接”符合语境。compared比较；provided提供，均不符合语境。 6．句意：他们跟随他们猎杀的动物。 根据后文“They depended on the animals to live.”及“hunted”可知，他们跟随的是动物，animals“动物”符合语境。spoons勺子；plants植物，均无法被猎杀和跟随。 7．句意：随着时间的推移，他们从阿拉斯加一直走到了南美洲。 固定搭配“from ... to ...”表示从某地到某地，这里指从阿拉斯加一路迁徙到南美洲，符合逻辑。for为了；on在……上，均无法构成固定搭配。 8．句意：我想知道我们能否在野外生存。 根据下文Tom的回答“We would have to learn to hunt“可知，此处指代他们自己，即我们，we“我们”符合逻辑。they他们；you你们，均不符合对话逻辑。 9．句意：我们还必须学会尽可能小心地保护自己，以避免遭遇野生动物的危险。 根据“avoid danger”可知，为了避免危险需要小心，carefully“小心地”符合语境。clearly清楚地；quietly安静地，均不能有效避免危险。 10．句意：但现在我得先借一些有价值的书来写我的论文了！ 为了完成论文需要查阅有参考价值的书籍，valuable“有价值的”符合语境。strange奇怪的；expensive昂贵的，均不符合写论文找参考资料的场景。 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 December 13th is a significant day for China. It’s the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims (南京大屠杀死难者). In 2025, it was the 1 such day since it was set up in 2014. On this day, people across the country remember the 300,000 victims of the Nanjing Massacre. On December 13, 2025, the air-raid siren (防空警报)   2 loudly in Nanjing. People stopped their activities and kept a minute of silence. Many people gathered on the streets, showing their deep 3 for the dead. The Nanjing Massacre is a 4 part of history. We should never forget it. Remembering history helps us cherish peace more. It also 5 us to work hard to make our country stronger, so that such tragedies (悲剧) will never 6 again. Schools often organize activities to let students learn about this history. Students may visit the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders (侵华日军) and listen to stories from survivors (幸存者). These activities help students 7 the importance of remembering history. As teenagers, we need to know that peace is not easy to keep. We should study hard and develop a 8 of responsibility. We should also be 9 to people around us. More importantly, we should tell more people about this history so that more people can realize the value of peace. Let’s all honor the memory of the victims and 10 for a peaceful world. 1．A．first B．twelfth C．ninth 2．A．cried B．sang C．rang 3．A．respect B．doubt C．anger 4．A．enjoyable B．painful C．proud 5．A．regrets B．reflects C．reminds 6．A．happen B．complete C．start 7．A．create B．realize C．suggest 8．A．sense B．skill C．kind 9．A．used B．familiar C．friendly 10．A．fight B．break C．prevent 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了南京大屠杀国家公祭日及活动，呼吁铭记历史、珍爱和平，强调青少年应培养责任感，为和平世界努力。 1．句意：2025年是自2014年设立以来的第十二个这样的日子。 从2014年到2025年共12年，应用twelfth。first、ninth年份计算均不符。 2．句意：2025年12月13日，防空警报在南京响亮地鸣响。 根据常识可知，警报会发出“鸣响”，rang符合语境。cried和sang的主语通常是人，均不符。 3．句意：许多人聚集在街头，表达对死难者的深切敬意。 根据语境及常识可知，纪念活动旨在表达尊重，show respect for the dead是固定搭配，意为“向逝者致敬”，符合语境，应用respect。doubt“怀疑”、anger“愤怒”不符合公祭日的庄重氛围。 4．句意：南京大屠杀是历史中痛苦的一部分。 根据常识可知，南京大屠杀是悲惨历史，painful“痛苦的”符合语境。enjoyable“令人愉快的”、proud“骄傲的”感情色彩不符。 5．句意：它也提醒我们要努力使国家更强大。 remind sb to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“提醒某人做某事”，符合语境。regrets“后悔”、reflects“反思”语意和搭配不当。 6．句意：以便这样的悲剧永不再发生。 悲剧发生应用happen。complete“完成”、start“开始”不符合逻辑。 7．句意：这些活动帮助学生意识到铭记历史的重要性。 重要性通常需要通过一下活动去理解认识，realize the importance表示“认识到重要性”，符合语境，应用realize。create“创造”、suggest“建议”语意不符。 8．句意：我们应该努力学习，培养责任感。 a sense of responsibility是固定搭配，表示“责任感”，符合语境，应用sense。skill“技能”、kind“种类”搭配不当。 9．句意：我们也应该对周围的人友好。 维护和平需友好待人，be friendly to sb.表示“对某人友好”，符合语境，应用friendly。used“习惯的”、familiar“熟悉的”不符合语境。 10．句意：让我们共同缅怀逝者，为和平而奋斗。 和平是需要我们共同去奋斗维持的，fight for“为……奋斗”，符合语境。break“打破”、prevent“阻止”语意不通。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During the Three Kingdoms Period, Liu Bei and Sun Quan joined forces to fight 1 Cao Cao. Zhou Yu, the commander of Sun Quan’s army, was jealous (妒忌的) of Zhuge Liang’s 2 . He asked Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows 3 10 days, or face punishment. “Three days is 4 ,” Zhuge Liang said confidently. He also asked his friend Lu Su 5 him 20 boats, each filled with straw scarecrows. He told Lu Su 6 to tell Zhou Yu about his plan. On the early morning of the third day, a thick fog covered the river. Zhuge Liang ordered the boats to head for Cao Cao’s camp. The soldiers on the boats shouted and beat drums loudly 7 they were attacking. Cao Cao’s soldiers could 8 see clearly in the fog. They thought it was a real attack and quickly 9 thousands of arrows at the straw scarecrows. Soon, the scarecrows were 10 of arrows. Zhuge Liang then ordered the boats to turn around. When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows. Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius. 1．A．for B．against C．to D．by 2．A．looks B．height C．family D．talent 3．A．after B．before C．in D．since 4．A．enough B．long C．short D．more 5．A．to make B．to lend C．to invent D．to borrow 6．A．don’t B．not C．never D．no 7．A．as if B．so that C．because D．though 8．A．easily B．hardly C．always D．almost 9．A．shot B．pointed C．shouted D．laughed 10．A．filled B．full C．covered D．afraid 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了中国历史上著名的“草船借箭”的故事。周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华，命其十天造十万支箭。诸葛亮利用大雾天气，用草船向曹军成功“借”箭，令周瑜心服口服。 1．句意：三国时期，刘备和孙权联合起来对抗曹操。 根据“joined forces to fight”和历史常识，可知是联合起来对抗曹操，此处使用搭配fight against，意为“对抗，与……作战”。for“为了”、to“向”、by“被”搭配不符。 2．句意：孙权军队的统帅周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华。 根据后文“Zhou Yu was amazed and had to admit that Zhuge Liang was truly a genius.”可知周瑜承认诸葛亮是个天才，此处表示周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮的才华，对应talent。looks“容貌”、height“身高”、family“家庭”均不符合逻辑。 3．句意：他要求诸葛亮在10天内造出10万支箭，否则将面临惩罚。 根据“or face punishment”可知，周瑜给诸葛亮限定了完成任务的时间，“in +时间段”可表示“在……时间内”，符合语境。after“在……之后”、before“在……之前”、since“自从”语义不符。 4．句意：“三天就足够了，”诸葛亮自信地说。 根据后文“When the fog lifted, his soldiers returned to their camp with more than 100,000 arrows.”可知诸葛亮在第三天就顺利完成了任务，此处表示他认为三天时间造十万支箭已经足够了，对应enough。long“长的”、short“短的”、more“更多的”语义不符。 5．句意：他还请他的朋友鲁肃借给他20条船，每条船上装满草人。 根据“each filled with straw scarecrows”可知诸葛亮向鲁肃借船，对鲁肃来说动作是“借出”，使用搭配lend sb. sth.，意为“借给某人某物”。to make“制作”、to invent“发明”、to borrow“借入”语境不符。 6．句意：他告诉鲁肃不要把他的计划告诉周瑜。 此处使用搭配tell sb. not to do sth.，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，可知此处应填not来构成动词不定式的否定形式。don’t“不要”是助动词，never“从不”、no“没有”搭配不符。 7．句意：船上的士兵们一边大声呐喊，一边用力击鼓，摆出一副好像正在发起进攻的架势。 根据“They thought it was a real attack”可知诸葛亮并不是真的要进攻曹操，而是制造声势假装进攻，所以是“好像”在进攻，as if符合语义。so that“以便”、because“因为”、though“虽然”逻辑不符。 8．句意：曹操的士兵在大雾里几乎看不清任何东西。 根据前文“a thick fog covered the river”可知，江面有大雾，所以曹军很难看清江面的真实情况，hardly意为“几乎不”，符合语境。easily“容易地”、always“总是”、almost“几乎”语义矛盾或不符。 9．句意：他们以为这是一次真正的进攻，迅速向草人射出成千上万支箭。 根据后文“thousands of arrows”可知，曹军向草人射箭，shoot arrows at…意为“向……射箭”，shot是shoot的过去式。pointed“指向”、shouted“呼喊”、laughed“大笑”语境不符。 10．句意：很快，草人上插满了箭。 根据空后的介词“of”可知此处使用搭配be full of…，意为“充满……”，可知草人上插满了箭。filled“填满”和covered“覆盖”搭配错误；afraid“害怕的”语义不符。 The Empty City Strategy is a famous military tactic (军事战术) during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. It’s a story about Zhuge Liang, who used a (n) 1 to defeat (打败) Sima Yi, a general from the State of Wei. One day, Sima Yi led a large army to 2 Xicheng where Zhuge Liang and his army were stationed. However, there were only about 2,500 soldiers inside the city, so Zhuge Liang 3 whether he could win the battle against the Wei army. Suddenly, he came up with a 4 . He ordered all the city gates to be left open. Then he told most people to act 5 and asked a few soldiers to dress as cleaners to sweep the streets near the city walls. When Sima Yi and his army arrived, they saw the 6 gates and the nearly empty city. They felt suspicious (怀疑的). At the same time, Zhuge Liang was playing his guqin on the city wall, looking 7 . Sima Yi knew that Zhuge Liang was famous for his clever tricks. “It must be a trap!” he thought to himself. “There are probably thousands of 8 hiding inside.” Then he decided not to attack and ordered his army to pull back. Later, when Sima Yi 9 the truth, he couldn’t believe Zhuge Liang had fooled him. This story teaches us an important lesson: We should keep cool and use wisdom to 10 problems bravely when we face them. 1．A．skill B．trick C．exchange D．experience 2．A．clean B．discover C．attack D．build 3．A．doubted B．decided C．imagined D．hoped 4．A．choice B．plan C．reason D．truth 5．A．correctly B．calmly C．secretly D．faithfully 6．A．open B．large C．unusual D．new 7．A．worried B．relaxed C．tired D．bored 8．A．captains B．musicians C．soldiers D．farmers 9．A．broke down B．put on C．gave up D．found out 10．A．explore B．discuss C．cause D．solve 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了三国时期诸葛亮利用空城计智退司马懿大军的故事，告诉我们面对困难要保持冷静，用智慧解决问题。 1．句意：这是关于诸葛亮巧用计谋打败魏国大将司马懿的故事。 根据上文“military tactic”及下文故事内容，可知此处指军事计谋，应选用trick“计谋”。skill“技能”、exchange“交换”、experience“经历”均不符合语境。 2．句意：一天，司马懿率领大军攻打诸葛亮驻军的西城。 敌军前来进攻城池，应选用attack“攻打” 。clean“打扫”、discover“发现”、build“建造”均不符合语境。 3．句意：城里只有大约两千五百士兵，诸葛亮怀疑自己能否打赢魏军。 兵力悬殊，内心充满疑虑，应选用doubted“怀疑”。decided“决定”、imagined“想象”、hoped“希望”均不符合语境。 4．句意：突然，他想出一个计策。 根据“came up with”固定搭配及下文具体做法，可知是想出计划，应选用plan“计策，方案”。choice“选择”、reason“理由”、truth“真相”均不符合语境。 5．句意：他让大部分人冷静行动，安排少数士兵扮成清洁工清扫城墙下街道。 为营造安稳假象，让众人镇定行事，应选用calmly“冷静地”。correctly“正确地”、secretly“秘密地”、faithfully“忠诚地”均不符合语境。 6．句意：司马懿大军抵达时，看见敞开的城门、几乎空无一人的城池。 根据前文“gates to be left open”，可知门是开着的，应选用open“敞开的”。large“大的”、unusual“不寻常的”、new“新的”均不符合语境。 7．句意：与此同时，诸葛亮在城墙上抚琴，神情从容淡定。 空城计里诸葛亮镇定自若，应选用relaxed“放松的，从容的”。worried“担忧的”、tired“疲惫的”、bored“无聊的”均不符合语境。 8．句意：里面一定藏着成千上万的士兵。 司马懿怀疑城内埋伏士兵，应选用soldiers“士兵”。captains“队长”、musicians“乐师”、farmers“农民”均不符合语境。 9．句意：后来司马懿得知真相，不敢相信自己被诸葛亮欺骗。 根据“the truth”，可知是查明真相，应选用found out“查明，得知”。broke down“出故障”、put on“穿上”、gave up“放弃”均不符合语境。 10．句意：这个故事教会我们重要道理：遇到困难要冷静，用智慧勇敢解决问题。 根据“problems”可知，此处是指解决问题，应选用solve“解决”。explore“探索”、discuss“讨论”、cause“造成”均不符合语境。 When Emperor Yao ruled China, the Yellow River was like a(n) 1 dragon, breaking everything in its way. Villages disappeared underwater. Fields turned into lakes. People almost lost everything. The emperor asked Yu’s father, Gun, to 2 the floods. For nine years, Gun built huge walls to control the river. But the wild 3 broke through, causing even greater danger. When Yu continued his father’s work, he 4 the land and tried a new way. Instead of fighting 5 the river, he walked along its banks for ten years, finding how rainwater naturally passed through mountains to rivers and then to the ocean. Then a different idea came to his mind, “Why not 6 the water to the sea?” With thousands of workers, Yu dug smooth channels (平缓的河道) through the land. Using simple wooden tools, they 7 guided the water toward the sea. Yu worked so hard that when his wife gave birth, he passed their home three times but didn’t enter. “If I stop,” he told 8 team, “the floods will win.” Finally, the river calmed down and it brought new life to the banks. Where once were floods, plants now grew. Yu’s 9 taught China an important lesson: Working with nature is better than fighting against it. It still guides engineers today to keep a balance between humans and nature. From ancient channels to modern dams like the Three Gorges (三峡), China remembers this 10 way. 1．A．brave B．silent C．angry D．strong 2．A．control B．hide C．check D．manage 3．A．waters B．walls C．villages D．hills 4．A．found B．protected C．studied D．guided 5．A．from B．against C．for D．with 6．A．bring B．send C．fall D．lead 7．A．completely B．carefully C．peacefully D．slowly 8．A．her B．our C．his D．your 9．A．success B．skill C．survey D．plan 10．A．easy B．safe C．ancient D．wise 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了尧帝时期黄河泛滥成灾，鲧筑墙治水九年失败，其子禹接替治水工作，放弃“堵水”转而“疏导”，耗时十年挖河道引洪水入海，三过家门而不入，最终成功治水的故事。 1．句意：尧帝统治中国时，黄河就像一条愤怒的巨龙，所到之处一切都被摧毁。 结合“breaking everything in its way”的洪水肆虐场景，angry“愤怒的”用拟人的手法形容黄河的凶猛，贴合语境；brave“勇敢的”、silent“沉默的”、strong“强壮的”均无法体现洪水的破坏性。 2．句意：尧帝命令禹的父亲鲧去治理洪水。 control“控制、治理”与“the floods”搭配，是“治水”的常用表达，符合帝王指派鲧解决水患的语境；hide“隐藏”、check“检查”、manage“管理”，侧重统筹事务，不用于治水，均语义不符。 3．句意：但汹涌的洪水冲垮了(堤坝)，造成了更大的危险。 前文提及鲧筑墙“control the river”，此处waters指代黄河的洪水，贴合“洪水冲垮堤坝”的情节；walls“墙”、villages“村庄”、hills“小山”均与“冲破障碍物造成危险”的主体不符。 4．句意：当禹接替父亲的工作时，他勘察了土地，并尝试了一种新方法。 studied“勘察、研究”贴合禹治水前先了解地形的行为，为后续“疏导治水”做铺垫；found“发现”、protected“保护”、guided“指引”均无法体现“了解土地情况”的动作。 5．句意：他没有与河水对抗，而是沿着河岸走了十年，探寻雨水如何自然地从山脉汇入河流，再流入大海。 fight against“对抗、抗争”是固定短语，与前文鲧“筑墙堵水”的“对抗式”治水形成对比；fight from无此搭配、fight for“为……而战”、fight with“和……并肩作战/与……打斗”，侧重肢体冲突，均不符语境。 6．句意：这时一个不同的想法出现在他脑海中：“为什么不把水引向大海呢？” lead“引导、疏导”是禹治水的核心动作，“lead the water to the sea”正是其“疏导法”的核心；bring“带来”，方向为“从别处到此处”、send“派遣”，不用于形容水流、fall“落下”，无主动引导含义，均语义/用法不符。 7．句意：他们用简单的木制工具，小心翼翼地引导河水流向大海。 carefully“小心翼翼地”修饰动词guided，贴合禹和工匠们用简易工具治水、需谨慎操作的场景；completely“完全地”、peacefully“平静地”、slowly“缓慢地”，治水侧重谨慎而非速度，均不符语境。 8．句意：他对自己的队伍说：“如果我停下，洪水就会赢。” 主语为he，his“他的”与其对应，修饰名词team“队伍”，指禹带领的治水队伍；her“她的”、our“我们的”、your“你/你们的”均与主语人称不符。 9．句意：禹的治水成功给中国人上了重要的一课：顺应自然比对抗自然更好。 前文讲述禹最终治水成功，success“成功”指代这一结果，作为“给人教训”的主体；skill“技能”、survey“调查”、plan“计划”，禹的计划已落地成功，此处侧重结果而非计划，均不符语境。 10．句意：从古老的河道到三峡这样的现代水坝，中国一直铭记着这一智慧的方法。 wise“智慧的”修饰名词way，指代禹“顺应自然治水”的方法，贴合前文“这一方法成为重要教训、指引后世”的内涵；easy“简单的”、safe“安全的”、ancient“古老的”，与“modern dams”的对比冲突，方法虽源于古代但核心是“智慧”，均不符语境。 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Evan Kail, a 34-year-old shop owner from the US, made a brave decision—he donated an old collection of photos showing Japanese war crimes in China during WWII. Though he faced threats (威胁) for his actions, he says he has no regrets. Last year, Kail 1 the old collection of photos from a customer. It has over 30 photos of Japanese soldiers’ atrocities (暴行)  in Shanghai and Nanjing, including the Nanjing Massacre (大屠杀), where thousands of Chinese were killed. Knowing how 2 these photos were, Kail decided to give them to the Chinese. After sharing some 3 online, Kail received scary messages. He believes they were from those who deny (否认) history. To stay safe, sometimes he 4 wore a bulletproof vest (防弹背心) when going out. Although there was 5 , Kail felt encouraged by support from Chinese people. “It’s amazing to have support from people in a country that I’ve never even met and they are standing up for 6 and that means a lot,” he said. He felt happy to receive a letter of thanks along with a surprising national gift, an exquisite porcelain tea jar. “This is the 7 thing I’ve ever done. I read the letter whenever I feel unhappy.” he said. Kail said not many people in the West know the history of the Nanjing Massacre, and he didn’t either 8 attending a top 100 high school in the US. Kail hopes more people will learn about this dark 9 . He has even started learning Chinese to connect with supporters. “War is never the answer,” he said. “We must remember the past to build a 10 future.” 1．A．refused B．designed C．received D．missed 2．A．interesting B．awful C．difficult D．important 3．A．photos B．shops C．books D．hobbies 4．A．still B．even C．just D．only 5．A．respect B．success C．happiness D．danger 6．A．them B．me C．him D．it 7．A．most exciting B．best C．most popular D．proudest 8．A．before B．until C．when D．if 9．A．history B．place C．sea D．corner 10．A．distant B．possible C．peaceful D．near 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了美国34岁店主埃文·凯尔做出勇敢之举，将一批展示二战期间日军在中国战争罪行的老照片捐赠给中国。尽管他因这一行为面临威胁，但中国人民的支持让他备受鼓舞。凯尔希望更多人了解这段黑暗历史，强调铭记历史是为了构建和平未来 。 1．句意：去年，凯尔从一位顾客那里得到了这批旧照片。 refused拒绝；designed设计；received收到；missed错过。根据“from a customer”可知，是从顾客那里收到照片。故选C。 2．句意：知道这些照片有多重要后，凯尔决定把它们交给中国人。 interesting有趣的；awful糟糕的；difficult困难的；important重要的。根据“Knowing how...these photos were, Kail decided to give them to the Chinese.”并结合常识可知，这些照片记录了日军的暴行，对于还原历史有着关键作用，是非常重要的。故选D。 3．句意：在网上分享了一些照片后，凯尔收到了可怕的信息。 photos照片；shops商店；books书籍；hobbies爱好。根据“After sharing some...online, Kail received scary messages.”可知，前文提到他获得的是照片，并且因为这些照片收到可怕信息，所以这里是在网上分享了照片。故选A。 4．句意：为了保证安全，有时他甚至出门时都穿着防弹背心。 still仍然；even甚至；just仅仅；only只有。根据“To stay safe, sometimes he...wore a bulletproof vest (防弹背心) when going out.”可知，为了保证安全，他甚至采取了出门穿防弹背心这种比较极端的行为。故选B。 5．句意：尽管有危险，凯尔因得到中国人民的支持而备受鼓舞。 respect尊重；success成功；happiness幸福；danger危险。根据前文和“Although there was...Kail felt encouraged by support from Chinese people.”可知，前文提到他收到可怕信息，面临威胁，所以这里说尽管有危险，但他仍因中国人民的支持而受到鼓舞。故选D。 6．句意：“能得到一个我从未谋面的国家的人们的支持，这太令人惊叹了。他们为我挺身而出，这对我意义重大。” them他们；me我；him他；it它。根据“they are standing up for...and that means a lot”和“He felt happy to receive a letter of thanks along with a surprising national gift, an exquisite porcelain tea jar.”可知，中国人很支持凯文，故选B。 7．句意：这是我做过的最值得骄傲的事情。 most exciting最令人兴奋的；best最好的；most popular最受欢迎的；proudest最骄傲的。根据“This is the...thing I’ve ever done. I read the letter whenever I feel unhappy.”可知，从他收到感谢信和礼物后的感受以及他说不开心时会读信可知，他觉得这件事让他很骄傲。故选D。 8．句意：凯尔说，在西方，了解南京大屠杀历史的人不多，他自己也是直到在美国一所排名前 100 的高中上学时才知道这段历史。 before在……之前；until直到；when当……时候；if 如果。根据“Kail said not many people in the West know the history of the Nanjing Massacre, and he didn’t either...attending a top 100 high school in the US.”可知，这里说的是直到他进入到美国一所顶尖高中上学，他才知道南京大屠杀的历史。故选B。 9．句意：凯尔希望更多的人了解这段黑暗的历史。 history历史；place地方；sea海洋；corner角落。根据“Kail hopes more people will learn about this dark...可知，这里指的就是南京大屠杀这段黑暗的历史。故选A。 10．句意：我们必须铭记过去，建设一个和平的未来。 distant遥远的；possible可能的；peaceful和平的；near附近的。根据“We must remember the past to build a...future.”可知，铭记历史的目的是为了避免战争，建设一个和平的未来。故选C。 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The king of Qi was a wise man. To make his state more powerful, he asked 1 advice. Zou Ji went to give his advice. He said to the king, “I know I am not as 2 as Xu Gong, but my wife says I am because she wants to keep me happy. My concubine (妾) says it too because she 3 me. Even my guests say the same thing because 4 want to get some favors (照顾). This tells me something: Your Majesty (陛下), you have a large state with so much land and 120 cities. You are very 5 . This makes everyone around you want to keep you happy. You may thus also be a victim (受害者) of sweet words.” “You are quite right,” said the king of Qi. Then he 6 an announcement: “Come to me with criticisms (批评) to get rewards. 7 any of my faults to my face, and you will get the biggest reward. If you send a report to criticize me, you will also get a large reward. And those who 8 my faults behind my back will get a smaller one if their words reach my ear.” In the 9 few days, so many people came to the court to criticize the king that it was as crowded as a market. A few months later, however, few people came any more with criticisms. A year later, no one had 10 else to say. When other states like Yan, Zhao, Han and Wei heard the news, they all came to pay their respects to the King of Qi. 1．A．as B．by C．for D．from 2．A．handsome B．ugly C．tall D．short 3．A．gets amazed at B．is kind to C．gets interested in D．is afraid of 4．A．we B．you C．they D．he 5．A．harmful B．thankful C．powerful D．careful 6．A．sang B．made C．read D．found 7．A．Run over B．Point out C．Give up D．Copy down 8．A．accept B．become C．choose D．discuss 9．A．second B．third C．fourth D．first 10．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了齐国国王通过邹忌的劝谏，认识到自己可能被甜言蜜语蒙蔽，于是鼓励臣民直言进谏，最终使国家强盛的故事。 1．句意：为了使他的国家更强大，他征求意见。 as作为；by通过；for为了；from从。ask for advice是固定搭配，意为“征求建议”。故选C。 2．句意：他对国王说：“我知道我没有徐公英俊，但我的妻子说我英俊是因为她想让我开心。” handsome英俊的；ugly丑陋的；tall高的；short矮的。根据“but my wife says I am because she wants to keep me happy”可知妻子说他比徐公更英俊，故选A。 3．句意：我的妾也这么说，因为她害怕我。 gets amazed at对……感到惊讶；is kind to对……友善；gets interested in对……感兴趣；is afraid of害怕。根据古代妾室地位可知，最可能是害怕自己。故选D。 4．句意：甚至我的客人们也这么说，因为他们想得到一些照顾。 we我们；you你；they他们；he他。此处指代前文的“客人们”，用第三人称复数。故选C。 5．句意：你非常有权势。 harmful有害的；thankful感激的；powerful强大的；careful仔细的。描述拥有广大领土的君王应用“强大的”。故选C。 6．句意：然后他发布了一个公告。 sang唱歌；made制作；read阅读；found发现。make an announcement是固定搭配，意为“发布公告”。故选B。 7．句意：当面指出我的任何错误，你将得到最大的奖励。 Run over碾过；Point out指出；Give up放弃；Copy down抄写。根据“any of my faults to my face, and you will get the biggest reward.”可知是指出过错。故选B。 8．句意：那些在我背后讨论我错误的人，如果他们的话传到我耳朵里，也会得到较小的奖励。 accept接受；become成为；choose选择；discuss讨论。根据“my faults behind my back”可知是指背后讨论过错。故选D。 9．句意：在最初的几天里，有那么多人来朝廷批评国王，以至于像集市一样拥挤。 second第二；third第三；fourth第四；first第一。此处指发布公告之后最初的几天里。故选D。 10．句意：一年后，没有人再有其他话可说了。 nothing没什么；anything任何事，常用于否定句；something某事，常用于肯定句；everything一切。根据“however, few people came any more with criticisms”可知随着时间的递进，没有人再有其他话可说了。“anything else”表示“其他任何事，别的什么”。故选B。 重难语篇练习 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 History is 1 than just a school subject. It is a window into the past that helps us understand the 2 and the future. When we study history, we learn about the 3 , struggles, and achievements of those who came before us. Many young people 4 history boring because they think it is only about memorizing names and dates. 5 history is actually about stories—stories of real people with real hopes and fears. 6 we read these stories, we can connect with people from 7 times. History also teaches us important 8 . By examining past mistakes, we can avoid 9 them in the future. By learning from past successes, we can 10 better solutions to today’s problems. Furthermore, history helps us 11 a sense of identity. It tells us 12 we came from and what values we share. This 13 us feel connected to our community and our country. In short, history is not 14 . It is a treasure that we should value and pass on to the next generation. As the saying goes, "Histories make men 15 .” 1．A．less B．more C．much D．few 2．A．present B．past C．today D．now 3．A．failures B．successes C．challenges D．lessons 4．A．find B．make C．think D．believe 5．A．So B．Because C．But D．Unless 6．A．Where B．When C．Unless D．Although 7．A．different B．same C．modern D．recent 8．A．facts B．lessons C．books D．rules 9．A．making B．repeating C．facing D．solving 10．A．develop B．avoid C．forget D．ignore 11．A．break B．build C．change D．protect 12．A．where B．why C．how D．when 13．A．allows B．helps C．fails D．reminds 14．A．useful B．valuable C．useless D．necessary 15．A．wise B．happy C．rich D．strong 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述历史不仅是学校科目，更是了解过去、现在和未来的窗口。学习历史能汲取教训、建立认同感，是人类宝贵的财富。 【详解】1．句意：历史不仅仅是一门学校科目。 固定搭配more than表示“不仅仅，超过”；less than“少于”，much“许多”，few“很少”，均不能表达“不仅仅”的含义。 2．句意：它是一扇通往过去的窗口，帮助我们理解现在和未来。 and连接并列对象the present与the future，the present意为“现在”；past“过去”，today“今天”，now“此刻”，不能和future构成对应的书面名词搭配。 3．句意：当我们学习历史时，我们了解先辈们所面临的挑战、磨难与成就。 后文struggles（磨难）、achievements（成就）为并列名词，challenges表示“挑战”；failures“失败”，successes“成功”，lessons“教训”，和前后词语义并列契合度弱。 4．句意：许多年轻人觉得历史很枯燥，因为他们认为历史只是记忆人名和日期。 find sth.+adj.固定结构，表示“觉得某物……”；make“制作”，think“思考”，believe“相信”，后不能直接接宾语加形容词boring。 5．句意：但是历史实际上关乎故事——饱含真实希望与恐惧的普通人的故事。 前文讲年轻人觉得历史枯燥，本句讲历史其实是故事，前后语义转折，用But；So表结果，Because表原因，Unless表除非，逻辑不匹配。 6．句意：当我们阅读这些故事时，我们可以和不同时代的人们产生共鸣。 when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；Where表地点，Unless“除非”，Although“虽然”，无法表达阅读故事的时间场景。 7．句意：当我们阅读这些故事时，我们可以和不同时代的人们产生共鸣。 different times表示“不同的时代”；same“相同的”，modern“现代的”，recent“近来的”，不符合读历史接触往昔人物的语境。 8．句意：历史也教给我们重要的教训。 teach sb. lessons固定搭配，意为“给某人教训”；facts“事实”，books“书籍”，rules“规则”，不与teach构成该常用搭配。 9．句意：通过复盘过去的错误，我们可以避免在未来重蹈覆辙。 repeat them表示“重复（错误）”，avoid repeating them意为“避免重犯错误”；making“制造”，facing“面对”，solving“解决”，和“过去的错误”语境不符。 10．句意：从过去的成功中学习，我们能够找到当今问题更好的解决办法。 develop better solutions表示“想出、形成更好的解决方案”；avoid“避免”，forget“忘记”，ignore“忽视”，语义和寻求解决办法相反。 11．句意：此外，历史帮助我们建立身份认同感。 build a sense of identity为固定搭配，意为“建立身份认同感”；break“打破”，change“改变”，protect“保护”，不能搭配sense of identity。 12．句意：它告诉我们来自何方，以及我们共享什么样的价值观。 where we came from是宾语从句，意为“我们来自哪里”；why“为什么”，how“如何”，when“何时”，和came from搭配语义不通。 13．句意：这帮助我们感受到与我们的社群和国家紧密相连。 help sb. do sth.固定结构，意为“帮助某人做某事”；allows“允许”，fails“失败”，reminds“提醒”，不符合历史带给人的作用的语境。 14．句意：总而言之，历史并非毫无用处。 后文说它是值得珍惜传承的宝藏，前后存在否定转折，useless表示“无用的”；useful“有用的”，valuable“宝贵的”，necessary“必要的”，语义和后文冲突。 15．句意：正如谚语所说：读史使人明智。 固定谚语Histories make men wise，意为“读史使人明智”；happy“快乐的”，rich“富有的”，strong“强壮的”，无法构成这句经典谚语。 Researchers have uncovered the oldest known hand-held wooden tools, giving scientists a new way to understand early humans nearly half a million years ago. An international team found the artifacts at Marathousa 1 in Greece, where wet conditions helped wood 1 . The two objects, dated to about 430,000 years ago, were not random sticks. Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving, which 2 that people had deliberately shaped them. The discovery matters because wood usually 3 long before archaeologists can study it. Stone tools survive more easily, so they often give an incomplete   4 of ancient technology. One object, made from alder, may have been used for digging near the lakeshore or stripping bark. Another smaller piece of willow or poplar also showed signs of human 5 . The site tells a wider story. Stone tools and animal remains suggest early humans used the area for butchering prey near an ancient lake. A larger wood fragment had grooves, but researchers concluded they were made by a large carnivore, possibly a bear, rather than by people. That detail 6 a dangerous environment in which humans and predators may have competed for 7 . For scientists, the find pushes back evidence of hand-held wooden tool use by at least 40,000 years. It also shows that early humans were not limited to stone. They selected plants, shaped materials and solved practical problems with 8 . Because such evidence is rare, researchers had to 9 each mark carefully. Some marks were human-made, while others came from animals; telling the difference required 10 comparison. Without microscopes and teamwork, the wood might have been 11 as ordinary fragments. Instead, it now 12 the timeline of early technology and adds southeastern Europe to the map of important discoveries. The tools do more than fill a museum shelf: they 13 how early humans worked, learned and adapted. They also remind us that fragile materials can 14 major stories when conditions protect them. Sometimes, the quietest objects give the 15 clues. 1．A．survive B．disappear C．float D．burn 2．A．denied B．suggested C．forgot D．warned 3．A．decays B．improves C．waits D．shines 4．A．picture B．answer C．promise D．habit 5．A．doubt B．activity C．silence D．distance 6．A．hides B．repeats C．reveals D．cancels 7．A．titles B．resources C．numbers D．colors 8．A．skill B．luck C．noise D．fear 9．A．protect B．examine C．invent D．decorate 10．A．careful B．careless C．sudden D．public 11．A．praised B．dismissed C．borrowed D．repaired 12．A．follows B．changes C．wastes D．copies 13．A．remove B．question C．show D．hide 14．A．carry B．lose C．avoid D．refuse 15．A．weakest B．simplest C．strongest D．coldest 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文讲述科研人员在希腊发现已知最古老的手持木质工具，讲述该考古发现的细节、研究难点以及这项发现对于了解早期人类的重大意义。 1．句意：潮湿的环境帮助木材幸存下来。 根据“wet conditions”及下文木工具被发现的事实，可知环境利于保存，survive“保存、留存”符合语境。disappear“消失”、float“漂浮”、burn“燃烧”不符合木材在潮湿环境中利于保存的语境。 2．句意：微观研究显示砍削痕迹，表明人们故意塑造了它们。 根据“Microscopic study showed marks from chopping and carving”，痕迹是证据，用来表明事实，suggested“表明”符合语境。denied“否认”、forgot“忘记”、warned“警告”逻辑不通，痕迹不能否认或忘记事实。 3．句意：木材通常在考古学家研究之前就腐烂了。 根据常识及后文“Stone tools survive more easily”对比，可知木材易腐烂，decays“腐烂”符合语境。improves“改善”、waits“等待”、shines“发光”不符合木材易朽的特性。 4．句意：石器通常只能给出不完整的古代技术图景。 根据“give a picture of”固定搭配及语境，可知指全貌。picture与incomplete搭配表达技术全貌之意。answer“答案”、promise“承诺”、habit“习惯”代入句意不通。 5．句意：另一块小木头也显示出人类活动的迹象。 根据shaping materials，可知是人类活动，activity“活动”符合语境。doubt“怀疑”、silence“寂静”、distance“距离”与制作工具的行为无关。 6．句意：那个细节揭示了一个危险的环境。 根据熊的抓痕显示环境危险，可知是细节揭示出危险的生存环境，reveals“揭示”符合语境。hides“隐藏”、cancels“取消”与发现事实相反，repeats“重复”语意不符。 7．句意：人类和捕食者可能争夺资源。 根据“butchering prey near an ancient lake”，可知争夺生存资源，resources“资源”符合语境。titles“头衔”、numbers“数字”、colors“颜色”不是生物竞争的对象。 8．句意：他们用技能解决实际问题。 根据“shaped materials”，可知运用技艺解决实际问题，skill“技能”符合语境。luck“运气”、noise“噪音”、fear“恐惧”无法帮助解决制作工具的实际问题。 9．句意：研究人员不得不仔细检查每个痕迹。 根据科学研究过程，可知是检查痕迹，examine“检查”符合语境。protect“保护”、invent“发明”、decorate“装饰”不符合研究人员分析文物痕迹的行为。 10．句意：区分不同需要仔细的对比。 根据“carefully”及科学严谨性，可知需要仔细，careful符合语境。careless“粗心的”与语境相反，sudden“突然的”、public“公共的”不符合对比的要求。 11．句意：如果没有显微镜，木材可能被视为普通碎片而被忽视。 根据“ordinary fragments”，可知会被当作普通物忽略，dismissed符合语境。praised“赞扬”、borrowed“借”、repaired“修理”不符合被当作普通碎片处理的后果。 12．句意：它现在改变了早期技术的时间线。 根据“pushes back evidence”，可知改变了认知时间线，changes符合语境。follows“跟随”、wastes“浪费”、copies“复制”不符合新发现对历史认知的影响。 13．句意：它们展示了早期人类如何工作。 根据工具的作用，可知是展示历史，show符合语境。remove“移除”、question“质疑”、hide“隐藏”不符合文物揭示历史的功能。 14．句意：脆弱材料也能承载重大故事。 根据“stories”，可知物体承载故事，carry符合语境。lose“丢失”、avoid“避免”、refuse“拒绝”与物体记录历史的功能相反。 15．句意：有时最安静的物体给出最强的线索。 根据“quietest”与重要性的对比，可知是提供最有力的线索，strongest符合语境。weakest“最弱的”与文意相反，simplest“最简单的”、coldest“最冷的”无法体现线索的重要性。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $