（自编练习）2026-2027学年江苏省南京市高一英语上学期期中考试（译林版必修第一册）

绝密★考试结束前 2026-2027学年南京市高一上学期期中考试 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Plan Your Visit to Muir Woods Muir Woods National Monument, about 12 miles north of San Francisco, is known for its ancient coast redwoods. The park offers visitors a chance to walk among these giant trees and enjoy a quiet break from city life. Before You Go Reservations are required for personal vehicles. Before arriving, check your parking reservation, as it includes a specific arrival time. So plan your trip carefully, especially on weekends and holidays when spaces may sell out. There is no cell-phone service in the forest. Download your parking reservation and the free NPS app before leaving home. The app can provide maps and other information even when you are offline. Plan Your Visit Muir Woods is open every day of the year, except when safety conditions require a closure. Its closing time changes with the seasons. Season Park Hours Early Spring 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m. Late Spring 8:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Summer 8:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Late Summer 8:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Fall 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m. Winter 8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. The Visitor Center opens at 8:00 a.m. and closes 30 minutes before the park does. Visitors can get maps, ask questions, and receive trip-planning advice there. Explore the Woods Muir Woods offers walks for visitors with different amounts of time. The Short Loop takes about 30 minutes and stays close to the main redwood area. The Medium Loop, which takes about an hour, allows visitors to go farther into the forest while still returning to the main path in a reasonable time. For those who want a longer walk, the Long Loop takes about an hour and a half and offers a deeper experience of the forest. In addition to walking the trails, visitors can take part in other activities. Park staff-led programs, usually lasting about 30 minutes, are offered when available. 1．What is required for visitors who plan to drive to Muir Woods? A．A cell phone. B．An entrance pass. C．A parking reservation. D．A map of Muir Woods. 2．In which season can visitors stay the longest? A．Early spring. B．Late spring. C．Summer. D．Fall. 3．Which activity is best for a one-hour visit? A．The Long Loop. B．The Medium Loop. C．The Short Loop. D．A park staff-led program. B Growing up in Campana, my father’s workshop felt like a magical world. The smell of metal, the sound of machines, and his work-worn clothes left a deep impression on me. It was there that I learned to turn discarded (丢弃的) car parts into toys that fueled my childhood adventures. Now I’m a PE teacher. I’ve brought my childhood love of creating into the classroom by building metal models from discarded metal parts that show how the human body moves in sports — all without using electricity. These moving sculptures have become my teaching tools, capturing complex motions in slow, easy-to-see detail. Over time, my creations have grown: from a skateboard model to El Dibu Martinez’s famous World Cup save, from a metal rock band to a wheeled dinosaur. Each piece reflects the beauty of movement. At school, I used to notice students always staring at their phones during breaks. But things changed when they became engaged with my projects. One memorable activity was when we made small boats from waste and tested whether they would float in water-filled containers. In that moment, the screens were forgotten, replaced by the excitement of discovery. Another meaningful project came when a mother asked me to adapt a prosthetic (假体的) arm for her son Juan. Using just a simple plastic bucket, I created a working design. The moment Juan wore the arm, he began picking things up and handing them to me. We laughed together to celebrate the amazing moment. To support these projects, my weekly routine now includes searching for materials in garbage dumps. With a limited budget, this is still necessary. But I see a bright side. We’re not only saving resources but also giving new life to discarded materials in creative ways. The smell of metal still takes me back to my father’s workshop. What he gave me was more than skills — he taught me that nothing is useless until we stop imagining what it could become. 4．Why does the author build metal models, according to paragraph 2? A．To present his artistic creativity. B．To sharpen his metalworking ability. C．To amuse students in their free time. D．To explain sports movements clearly. 5．What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 3? A．He encourages learning by doing. B．He relies on advanced technology. C．He emphasizes competitive sports. D．He prioritizes theoretical knowledge. 6．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Skilled and tolerant. B．Practical but strict. C．Caring and resourceful. D．Talented but demanding. 7．What does the author learn from his father? A．The respect for craftsmanship. B．The joy of creating and teaching. C．The ability to turn waste into value. D．The kindness toward people in need. C Years ago it was popular to speak of a generation gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience (服从), while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society. One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents. In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the strong wish that parents have for their children is another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other. Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The concept of generation gap. B．The reasons for generation gap. C．Ways to reduce generation gap. D．Attitudes towards generation gap. 9．In modern society, young people often ________. A．depend on their parents to make a life B．live with their parents in the same area C．ask their parents for the best advice D．have very little in common with their parents 10．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．Parents should be strict with their children. B．The generation gap is partly caused by the older generation. C．Parents couldn’t do things well themselves. D．The young never want to satisfy their parents. 11．Which of the following also causes the generation gap? A．Parents are not strict enough with their children. B．The young value the old too much for their wisdom. C．Young people don’t have the knowledge of a lifetime. D．The society develops too fast. D Nearly half of all Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches or phone apps to track their sleep. Are these devices accurate and do the users get a better night’s rest? Not enough sleep can cause health problems. A new study, published in Nature, finds a U-shaped relationship between how long people sleep and markers of biological ageing. Those who got between 6.4 and 7.8 hours of shut-eye a night seemed to experience slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. Sleep trackers promise to help people hit this sweet spot. Apps typically record movement and sound, sometimes inferring breathing rates from the audio. Smartwatches record movement and measure blood flow by shining low-intensity light onto the skin and detecting how much reflects back. Most trackers are very good at distinguishing sleep from being awake. Several studies have compared them to polysomnography (多功能睡眠记录仪), which uses electrodes (电极) to record eye movements, brain activity and heart rate, and is the gold standard for measuring sleep. One paper, published in Sensors, found three tested popular trackers agreed with polysomnography around 95% of the time in telling sleep from wakefulness across the night. When it comes to identifying the different sleep stages, trackers are less accurate. A good night requires cycling between rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, in which dreams take place, and several stages of non-REM sleep ranging from light to deep. Wearables agree with polysomnography on sleep-stage classification only around 50-80% of the time. “That merits a C+ to B+,” says Rebecca Robbins, a sleep scientist at Harvard. Despite trackers’ shortcomings, Dr Robbins says they give people a better, more objective sense of how long they slept. Plus, they do seem to improve sleep habits. In a survey, 55% of adults who reported using sleep trackers said they had changed their behaviour and improved sleep quality after learning from the data. Too much data can have downsides, though. Unlike trying to eat healthily or exercise, putting more thought into sleeping can backfire. As many as 30% of those who track their sleep report feeling anxious. But sleep data is not worth losing sleep over, because there is an alternative to sleep tracking: whether you wake up feeling rested is the best indicator of how good your night was. 12．What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2? A．To show the practice of long life. B．To reveal the motive of the study. C．To indicate the harms of lacking sleep. D．To prove the importance of sleep tracking. 13．What do the underlined words “this sweet spot” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．The U-shaped relationship. B．The ideal duration of sleep. C．The measurement of blood flow. D．The record of breathing rates during sleep. 14．What aspect can trackers measure most accurately? A．The conscious state. B．The sleep depth. C．The sleep quality. D．The sleep effects. 15．What’s the best title for the text? A．Sleep Trackers: Easy to Handle? B．Sleep Trackers: Affordable for All? C．Sleep Trackers: A Good Choice or Not? D．Sleep Trackers: A Solution to Sleep Anxiety? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Parents often focus on preventing children’s problem behaviours, such as fighting, arguing, and being disobedient (不听话的). 16 Parents want children to engage in good behaviours, such as sharing and helping others. One widely researched framework (体系) of positive youth development is known as the 5Cs, which stands for competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring or compassion. How can parents promote the desirable behaviours and characteristics in children? Have a warm and loving relationship with the child. 17 Parents can model how to treat others lovingly, with compassion and kindness. 18 Parents can help children make connections between how they treat other people and how other people feel. When disciplining the child, talking about emotions rather than rules or parent-imposed consequences is more likely to promote conscience development and future moral behaviour. Connect the child with resources outside the family. Supportive adults outside the family as well as constructive activities that create interests and stimulate learning can help children, and especially teenagers. 19 Consider messages conveyed to children about what is important. Children are astute (敏锐的) at recognising what their parents value. When a parent asks a child only “What grade did you get on the maths test? ” “Did your team win the game? ”, it conveys that parents value academic and other achievements. 20 But, parents can also ask questions that convey valuing sharing, helping, and other acts of kindness — “What did you do today to be a good friend? ” “How were you able to help another student at school today? ” A．Achievement can be a good thing to value. B．But, parents don’t just want children to avoid bad behaviours. C．Explain to children how to behave in different social situations. D．It is easy for parents to forget that entering a new station can be scary. E．Talk about emotions and the effects of children’s actions on others. F．The parent-child relationship sets the stage for children’s other relationships. G．These experiences can develop abilities in sports, music and other areas with adults. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Not long ago, my 90-year-old grandma raised a question that caught me off guard. She wondered what personal thing I would most like to 21 from her when she was gone. Sitting in her bright kitchen, I felt a tight lump in my throat and was 22 to answer such an emotional question. I tried to 23 the topic, yet Grandma gently insisted on hearing my true answer. Glancing around her neat and tidy living room, I spotted many old items 24 precious warm memories. Without the slightest hesitation, I told her that I hoped to 25 all her well-kept cookbooks most. Hearing my honest reply, Grandma burst into soft 26 and wore a gentle smile. She doubted if I could make good use of those books, as I seldom acted 27 when cooking. She had good reason to doubt my ability, for I had made countless silly 28 during my previous cooking attempts. I once misused kitchen ingredients and added too much garlic, casually 29 terrible-tasting dishes. Unlike me, Grandma was a real 30 in both cooking and gardening. She owned many valuable recipes, including printed collections and unique handwritten 31 . Many worn pages carried her favorites from different 32 of her life. To my great surprise, Grandma seriously 33 me to cook a full-course meal that day. With her careful and patient guidance, I 34 the whole meal perfectly. Soon after, Grandma suffered a stroke and passed away peacefully. This warm kitchen experience has become my most valuable spiritual 35 . Up to now, I have kept cooking with her original recipes, keeping her love alive in my daily life. 21．A．borrow B．purchase C．fetch D．receive 22．A．slow B．ready C．hesitant D．free 23．A．change B．cover C．forget D．raise 24．A．carrying B．losing C．bringing D．removing 25．A．look through B．hold onto C．go over D．pass down 26．A．panic B．joy C．sorrow D．anger 27．A．wisely B．bravely C．quickly D．freely 28．A．comments B．mistakes C．stories D．plans 29．A．ruining B．tasting C．making D．wasting 30．A．learner B．follower C．amateur D．expert 31．A．essays B．diaries C．notes D．lists 32．A．jobs B．routines C．aspects D．periods 33．A．reminded B．forced C．challenged D．ordered 34．A．practised B．completed C．delivered D．served 35．A．honor B．reward C．luck D．treasure 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two French adventurers reached the end of a great walk from their hometown to Shanghai on Feb. 7, after nearly a year and a half crossing different 36 (country) almost entirely on foot. Voisot, 26, and Humblot, 27, set off from Annecy in southeastern France in September 2024. Eager for a “great adventure”, they were 37 (determine) to visit China but without flying 38 (avoid) the harmful environmental impact of the aviation (航空) industry. The pair spent 518 days on the road, covering 39 distance of about 12,850 km and taking rests every 5 or 7 days. They walked around 45 km a day. Expectedly, they had encountered some challenges along the way. “There were very hard winter days, and we had to cross the desert in Uzbekistan,” said Voisot, taking pride 40 “having had the willpower to always keep going”. The two friends 41 (know) each other since they were 10 years old, and went to secondary school and university together. 42 (hang) out after work in Paris one night, they asked each other 43 they would do if they could do whatever they wanted. “When we talked about adventure, China came up quickly. Then we had this 44 (slight) crazy idea of going on foot,” said Humblot, a project manager. “We’re both conscious of climate change 45 the responsibility humans bear for it. Thus there are some actions we can take individually,” said Voisot, a climate consultant. “We try not to travel by plane. We’ve done a pretty good job!” added Humblot. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假设你是校英文报“Heart to Heart”专栏编辑李华，近期收到一封来自高一新生的来信。信中，该学生提到自己正面临学业、交友、外形、亲子关系多重烦恼。请你就其中的一到两个方面，给这位同学写一封回信，帮他排忧解难，内容包括： (1)表示理解； (2)提供建议； (3)阐述理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear troubled student, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex had recently become fascinated by a new project. He wanted to design an app that could identify different birds by their songs. Every afternoon after school, he sat at his desk wearing headphones, listening to one recording after another. Whenever the program confused one bird with another, he replayed the recording, adjusted the code, and tested it again. He was so buried in his digital world that when a real bird began to sing outside his open window one day, he found the sound distracting and simply shut the window. The project soon became part of Alex’s daily routine. He planned to present the app at the school science fair, so every new recording felt like another puzzle to solve. Some bird calls sounded almost identical, and the program often mixed them up. Instead of going outside, Alex searched online for more recordings and larger databases. The more data he collected, the more confident he became. Alex often shared his progress with his grandfather, a retired forest ranger (护林员) who had spent most of his life studying birds in the woods. Grandpa was pleased by the project but seemed more concerned about how Alex was learning. When Alex proudly mentioned his thousands of recordings, Grandpa asked whether he had ever listened to birds outside. Alex shook his head; online recordings were clearer and easier to analyze. Grandpa smiled and said, “Looking up isn’t the same as looking.” Alex didn’t quite understand. Two weeks before the science fair, Ms. Chen, the science teacher, asked Alex to test his app with recordings from a nearby nature reserve. Confident in his program, Alex expected good results. But it identified the wrong birds and became confused when two birds sang at the same time. The model worked almost perfectly with downloaded recordings but struggled with sounds from the real world. After class, Ms. Chen wrote on Alex’s report: A good model should begin with good observations. That evening, Alex told Grandpa about the comment. Grandpa looked at him and asked, “Would you like to find out what your recordings have been missing?” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, Alex followed Grandpa into the woods where he had worked. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, Alex was ready for the science fair. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2026-2027学年南京市高一上学期期中考试 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Plan Your Visit to Muir Woods Muir Woods National Monument, about 12 miles north of San Francisco, is known for its ancient coast redwoods. The park offers visitors a chance to walk among these giant trees and enjoy a quiet break from city life. Before You Go Reservations are required for personal vehicles. Before arriving, check your parking reservation, as it includes a specific arrival time. So plan your trip carefully, especially on weekends and holidays when spaces may sell out. There is no cell-phone service in the forest. Download your parking reservation and the free NPS app before leaving home. The app can provide maps and other information even when you are offline. Plan Your Visit Muir Woods is open every day of the year, except when safety conditions require a closure. Its closing time changes with the seasons. Season Park Hours Early Spring 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m. Late Spring 8:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Summer 8:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Late Summer 8:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. Fall 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m. Winter 8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m. The Visitor Center opens at 8:00 a.m. and closes 30 minutes before the park does. Visitors can get maps, ask questions, and receive trip-planning advice there. Explore the Woods Muir Woods offers walks for visitors with different amounts of time. The Short Loop takes about 30 minutes and stays close to the main redwood area. The Medium Loop, which takes about an hour, allows visitors to go farther into the forest while still returning to the main path in a reasonable time. For those who want a longer walk, the Long Loop takes about an hour and a half and offers a deeper experience of the forest. In addition to walking the trails, visitors can take part in other activities. Park staff-led programs, usually lasting about 30 minutes, are offered when available. 1．What is required for visitors who plan to drive to Muir Woods? A．A cell phone. B．An entrance pass. C．A parking reservation. D．A map of Muir Woods. 2．In which season can visitors stay the longest? A．Early spring. B．Late spring. C．Summer. D．Fall. 3．Which activity is best for a one-hour visit? A．The Long Loop. B．The Medium Loop. C．The Short Loop. D．A park staff-led program. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文介绍Muir Woods纪念地，说明了自驾预约、手机无信号等出行须知，公园分季节开放时间以及三种时长不同的林间游览路线。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据Before You Go部分“Reservations are required for personal vehicles.(私家车需要预约停车位。)”可知，自驾游客需要停车预约。 2．细节理解题。根据Season和Park Hours部分“Summer 8:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m.(夏季：早上8点到晚上8点。)”以及其它季节的时间可知，夏季公园开放时长最长，游客停留时间最久。 3．细节理解题。根据Explore the Woods部分“The Medium Loop, which takes about an hour, allows visitors to go farther into the forest while still returning to the main path in a reasonable time.(中等环线大约需要一小时，游客可以深入森林，还能在合适的时间回到主路。)”可知，一小时游览适合选择中等环线。 B Growing up in Campana, my father’s workshop felt like a magical world. The smell of metal, the sound of machines, and his work-worn clothes left a deep impression on me. It was there that I learned to turn discarded (丢弃的) car parts into toys that fueled my childhood adventures. Now I’m a PE teacher. I’ve brought my childhood love of creating into the classroom by building metal models from discarded metal parts that show how the human body moves in sports — all without using electricity. These moving sculptures have become my teaching tools, capturing complex motions in slow, easy-to-see detail. Over time, my creations have grown: from a skateboard model to El Dibu Martinez’s famous World Cup save, from a metal rock band to a wheeled dinosaur. Each piece reflects the beauty of movement. At school, I used to notice students always staring at their phones during breaks. But things changed when they became engaged with my projects. One memorable activity was when we made small boats from waste and tested whether they would float in water-filled containers. In that moment, the screens were forgotten, replaced by the excitement of discovery. Another meaningful project came when a mother asked me to adapt a prosthetic (假体的) arm for her son Juan. Using just a simple plastic bucket, I created a working design. The moment Juan wore the arm, he began picking things up and handing them to me. We laughed together to celebrate the amazing moment. To support these projects, my weekly routine now includes searching for materials in garbage dumps. With a limited budget, this is still necessary. But I see a bright side. We’re not only saving resources but also giving new life to discarded materials in creative ways. The smell of metal still takes me back to my father’s workshop. What he gave me was more than skills — he taught me that nothing is useless until we stop imagining what it could become. 4．Why does the author build metal models, according to paragraph 2? A．To present his artistic creativity. B．To sharpen his metalworking ability. C．To amuse students in their free time. D．To explain sports movements clearly. 5．What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 3? A．He encourages learning by doing. B．He relies on advanced technology. C．He emphasizes competitive sports. D．He prioritizes theoretical knowledge. 6．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Skilled and tolerant. B．Practical but strict. C．Caring and resourceful. D．Talented but demanding. 7．What does the author learn from his father? A．The respect for craftsmanship. B．The joy of creating and teaching. C．The ability to turn waste into value. D．The kindness toward people in need. 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 【导语】本文讲述了一名体育教师受父亲影响，利用废弃金属制作金属模型作为教具，设计动手项目吸引学生，还用废料为孩子制作假肢，诠释了变废为宝、动手创造的教育理念。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now I’m a PE teacher. I’ve brought my childhood love of creating into the classroom by building metal models from discarded metal parts that show how the human body moves in sports (我现在是一名体育老师。我把儿时的创作热爱带进课堂，用废弃金属零件制作金属模型，展示人体在体育运动中的运动方式)”可知，作者制作金属模型是为了清晰讲解体育运动动作。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“At school, I used to notice students always staring at their phones during breaks. But things changed when they became engaged with my projects. One memorable activity was when we made small boats from waste and tested whether they would float in water-filled containers. (在学校，我发现学生课间总盯着手机。但当他们参与我的项目后，情况发生了改变。一次难忘的活动，我们用废料制作小船，测试它们能否在装水容器里漂浮。)”可知，作者组织动手实践活动，鼓励学生在实践中学习。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“At school, I used to notice students always staring at their phones during breaks. But things changed when they became engaged with my projects. (在学校，我发现学生课间总盯着手机。但当他们参与我的项目后，情况发生了改变。)”以及第四段“Another meaningful project came when a mother asked me to adapt a prosthetic (假体的) arm for her son Juan. Using just a simple plastic bucket, I created a working design. (还有一件有意义的事：一位母亲请求我为她儿子Juan改造假肢。我只用一个普通塑料桶，就做出了可用的设计。)”可知，作者关心学生，还能利用简易材料解决难题，是个体贴且足智多谋的人。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“What he gave me was more than skills — he taught me that nothing is useless until we stop imagining what it could become. (他教给我的远不止手艺，他教会我：只要我们还能想象它的用途，就没有东西是无用的)”可知，作者从父亲那里学到了把废弃物转化为有价值物品的能力。 C Years ago it was popular to speak of a generation gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. Parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience (服从), while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society. One important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents. In our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the strong wish that parents have for their children is another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other. Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The concept of generation gap. B．The reasons for generation gap. C．Ways to reduce generation gap. D．Attitudes towards generation gap. 9．In modern society, young people often ________. A．depend on their parents to make a life B．live with their parents in the same area C．ask their parents for the best advice D．have very little in common with their parents 10．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．Parents should be strict with their children. B．The generation gap is partly caused by the older generation. C．Parents couldn’t do things well themselves. D．The young never want to satisfy their parents. 11．Which of the following also causes the generation gap? A．Parents are not strict enough with their children. B．The young value the old too much for their wisdom. C．Young people don’t have the knowledge of a lifetime. D．The society develops too fast. 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．B 11．D 【导语】主要介绍代沟的含义以及造成代沟产生的几方面原因。 【详解】8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society.(事实上，代沟已经存在很长一段时间了。许多人认为代沟是我们社会结构本身所固有的。)”，下文依次介绍了造成代沟的三个原因：年轻人自主选择生活方式、父母对子女的高期待、社会变化速度快。由此可知文章主要讲述代沟产生的原因。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Often, however, the strong wish that parents have for their children is another cause of the disagreement between them. Often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other.(然而，父母对子女抱有的强烈期盼，往往是造成亲子之间分歧的另一原因。通常，他们会发现彼此几乎没有共同点。)” 可知，在现代社会，年轻人常常和父母几乎没有共同点。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Often, however, the strong wish that parents have for their children is another cause of the disagreement between them.(然而，父母对子女抱有的强烈期盼，往往是造成亲子之间分歧的另一原因)” 可知，父母对孩子过高的期待也是代沟成因，说明代沟部分是由老一辈造成的。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations.(最后，社会变革的速度是造成代际鸿沟的另一个原因。)” 可知，社会发展太快是代沟产生的又一原因。 D Nearly half of all Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches or phone apps to track their sleep. Are these devices accurate and do the users get a better night’s rest? Not enough sleep can cause health problems. A new study, published in Nature, finds a U-shaped relationship between how long people sleep and markers of biological ageing. Those who got between 6.4 and 7.8 hours of shut-eye a night seemed to experience slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. Sleep trackers promise to help people hit this sweet spot. Apps typically record movement and sound, sometimes inferring breathing rates from the audio. Smartwatches record movement and measure blood flow by shining low-intensity light onto the skin and detecting how much reflects back. Most trackers are very good at distinguishing sleep from being awake. Several studies have compared them to polysomnography (多功能睡眠记录仪), which uses electrodes (电极) to record eye movements, brain activity and heart rate, and is the gold standard for measuring sleep. One paper, published in Sensors, found three tested popular trackers agreed with polysomnography around 95% of the time in telling sleep from wakefulness across the night. When it comes to identifying the different sleep stages, trackers are less accurate. A good night requires cycling between rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, in which dreams take place, and several stages of non-REM sleep ranging from light to deep. Wearables agree with polysomnography on sleep-stage classification only around 50-80% of the time. “That merits a C+ to B+,” says Rebecca Robbins, a sleep scientist at Harvard. Despite trackers’ shortcomings, Dr Robbins says they give people a better, more objective sense of how long they slept. Plus, they do seem to improve sleep habits. In a survey, 55% of adults who reported using sleep trackers said they had changed their behaviour and improved sleep quality after learning from the data. Too much data can have downsides, though. Unlike trying to eat healthily or exercise, putting more thought into sleeping can backfire. As many as 30% of those who track their sleep report feeling anxious. But sleep data is not worth losing sleep over, because there is an alternative to sleep tracking: whether you wake up feeling rested is the best indicator of how good your night was. 12．What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2? A．To show the practice of long life. B．To reveal the motive of the study. C．To indicate the harms of lacking sleep. D．To prove the importance of sleep tracking. 13．What do the underlined words “this sweet spot” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．The U-shaped relationship. B．The ideal duration of sleep. C．The measurement of blood flow. D．The record of breathing rates during sleep. 14．What aspect can trackers measure most accurately? A．The conscious state. B．The sleep depth. C．The sleep quality. D．The sleep effects. 15．What’s the best title for the text? A．Sleep Trackers: Easy to Handle? B．Sleep Trackers: Affordable for All? C．Sleep Trackers: A Good Choice or Not? D．Sleep Trackers: A Solution to Sleep Anxiety? 【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】文章介绍了智能睡眠追踪设备的工作原理、测量准确度，客观分析其优缺点，探讨使用睡眠追踪器是否值得。 【详解】12．推理判断题。根据文章第一、二段“Nearly half of all Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches or phone apps to track their sleep. Are these devices accurate and do the users get a better night’s rest? Not enough sleep can cause health problems. A new study, published in Nature, finds a U-shaped relationship between how long people sleep and markers of biological ageing. Those who got between 6.4 and 7.8 hours of shut-eye a night seemed to experience slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. (如今，近半数美国人和大约40%的英国人使用智能手表或手机应用来追踪睡眠。这些设备的测量结果准确吗？使用者又能否因此获得更好的睡眠？睡眠不足会引发各类健康问题。发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究发现，人的睡眠时间与生物衰老指标之间存在U型关系。每晚睡眠时长在6.4至7.8小时之间的人，衰老速度似乎慢于睡得更多或者更少的人。)”并结合后文可知，第一段先抛出问题：人们在用睡眠追踪器，这些设备准吗？能帮我们睡好吗？第二段介绍了睡眠时长会影响衰老，对健康至关重要，侧面证明了睡眠追踪器的价值，为后文介绍睡眠追踪器做铺垫，所以写第二段是为了证明睡眠追踪的重要性。 13．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“A new study, published in Nature, finds a U-shaped relationship between how long people sleep and markers of biological ageing. Those who got between 6.4 and 7.8 hours of shut-eye a night seemed to experience slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. (发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究发现，人的睡眠时间与生物衰老指标之间存在U型关系。每晚睡眠时长在6.4至7.8小时之间的人，衰老速度似乎慢于睡得更多或者更少的人。)”及第三段中“Sleep trackers promise to help people hit this sweet spot. (睡眠追踪器有望帮助人们达到this sweet spot。)”可知，“this sweet spot”指第二段提到的、能延缓衰老的6.4到7.8小时的理想睡眠时长，也就是最优睡眠时长。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Most trackers are very good at distinguishing sleep from being awake. Several studies have compared them to polysomnography, which uses electrodes to record eye movements, brain activity and heart rate, and is the gold standard for measuring sleep. One paper, published in Sensors, found three tested popular trackers agreed with polysomnography around 95% of the time in telling sleep from wakefulness across the night. (大多数追踪器十分擅长区分睡眠与清醒状态。已有多项研究将它们与多导睡眠监测仪对比，该设备用电极记录眼球运动、大脑活动和心率，是睡眠测量的黄金标准。发表在《传感器》期刊的一篇论文显示，测试的三款主流追踪设备在整夜分辨清醒与睡眠上，和多导睡眠监测仪的吻合度约95%。)”可知，多数追踪器十分擅长区分睡眠与清醒状态。也就是检测人是睡着还是清醒的意识状态，这是其准确度最高的功能。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一、二段“Nearly half of all Americans and around 40% of Britons now use smartwatches or phone apps to track their sleep. Are these devices accurate and do the users get a better night’s rest? Not enough sleep can cause health problems. A new study, published in Nature, finds a U-shaped relationship between how long people sleep and markers of biological ageing. Those who got between 6.4 and 7.8 hours of shut-eye a night seemed to experience slower ageing than those who slept either more or less. (如今，近半数美国人和大约40%的英国人使用智能手表或手机应用来追踪睡眠。这些设备的测量结果准确吗？使用者又能否因此获得更好的睡眠？睡眠不足会引发各类健康问题。发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究发现，人的睡眠时间与生物衰老指标之间存在U型关系。每晚睡眠时长在6.4至7.8小时之间的人，衰老速度似乎慢于睡得更多或者更少的人。)”并结合全文可知，全文开篇就提出核心问题：流行的睡眠追踪设备是否准确、能否帮助用户获得更好的睡眠？之后分别介绍了它的优势、不足，最后给出理性看待睡眠数据的建议，整体围绕“睡眠追踪设备到底是不是好的选择”展开讨论，选项C“Sleep Trackers: A Good Choice or Not? (睡眠追踪器：到底是不是好选择？)”精准概括文章核心，适合作为标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Parents often focus on preventing children’s problem behaviours, such as fighting, arguing, and being disobedient (不听话的). 16 Parents want children to engage in good behaviours, such as sharing and helping others. One widely researched framework (体系) of positive youth development is known as the 5Cs, which stands for competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring or compassion. How can parents promote the desirable behaviours and characteristics in children? Have a warm and loving relationship with the child. 17 Parents can model how to treat others lovingly, with compassion and kindness. 18 Parents can help children make connections between how they treat other people and how other people feel. When disciplining the child, talking about emotions rather than rules or parent-imposed consequences is more likely to promote conscience development and future moral behaviour. Connect the child with resources outside the family. Supportive adults outside the family as well as constructive activities that create interests and stimulate learning can help children, and especially teenagers. 19 Consider messages conveyed to children about what is important. Children are astute (敏锐的) at recognising what their parents value. When a parent asks a child only “What grade did you get on the maths test? ” “Did your team win the game? ”, it conveys that parents value academic and other achievements. 20 But, parents can also ask questions that convey valuing sharing, helping, and other acts of kindness — “What did you do today to be a good friend? ” “How were you able to help another student at school today? ” A．Achievement can be a good thing to value. B．But, parents don’t just want children to avoid bad behaviours. C．Explain to children how to behave in different social situations. D．It is easy for parents to forget that entering a new station can be scary. E．Talk about emotions and the effects of children’s actions on others. F．The parent-child relationship sets the stage for children’s other relationships. G．These experiences can develop abilities in sports, music and other areas with adults. 【答案】16．B 17．F 18．E 19．G 20．A 【导语】文章主要介绍了一种促进青少年积极发展的“5Cs”框架，并为父母提供了具体的教育方法，包括建立温暖的亲子关系、引导孩子理解他人感受、连接外部资源以及传递正确的价值观。 【详解】16．根据前文“Parents often focus on preventing children’s problem behaviours, such as fighting, arguing, and being disobedient. (父母常常关注如何防止孩子的问题行为，例如打架、争吵和不听话。)”以及后文“Parents want children to engage in good behaviours, such as sharing and helping others. (父母希望孩子能表现出良好的行为，例如分享和帮助他人。)”可知，前文提出了父母通常关注的消极行为，后文则转向他们期望的积极行为，可推理出空白处表达的是父母们并不仅仅希望孩子避免这些不良行为，B选项“But, parents don’t just want children to avoid bad behaviours. (但是，父母并不仅仅希望孩子避免不良行为。)”承接了前文的消极话题，并通过转折引出了后文的积极期望，起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。 17．根据空后的“Parents can model how to treat others lovingly, with compassion and kindness. (父母可以示范如何用爱、同情和善意对待他人。)”可知，本段讲述的是父母通过自身行为为孩子树立榜样，可推理出空白处表示的是亲子关系对孩子行为模式的深远影响。F选项“The parent-child relationship sets the stage for children’s other relationships. (亲子关系为孩子与其他人的关系奠定了基础。)”准确地概括了本段的核心思想，适合作为本段主题句。 18．根据后文“When disciplining the child, talking about emotions rather than rules or parent-imposed consequences is more likely to promote conscience development and future moral behaviour. (在管教孩子时，谈论情绪而不是规则或父母强加的后果，更有可能促进良知的发展和未来的道德行为。)”可知，本段建议父母在管教时应侧重于情感沟通。E选项“Talk about emotions and the effects of children’s actions on others. (谈论情绪以及孩子行为对他人造成的影响。)”直接点明了这一教育方法，与后文内容完全一致，符合语境。 19．根据前文“Supportive adults outside the family as well as constructive activities that create interests and stimulate learning can help children, and especially teenagers. (家庭之外的支持性成年人，以及能激发兴趣和促进学习的建设性活动，都能帮助孩子，尤其是青少年。)”可知，本段讨论的是家庭外部的积极影响，可推理出空白处具体说明这些外部资源和活动的积极影响，G选项“These experiences can develop abilities in sports, music and other areas with adults. (这些经历能够让孩子在成年人的指导下发展体育、音乐及其他领域的能力。)”承接前文，具体说明了这些外部资源和活动如何帮助孩子发展具体技能，符合语境。 20．根据前文“When a parent asks a child only “What grade did you get on the maths test? ” “ Did your team win the game? ”, it conveys that parents value academic and other achievements. (当父母只问孩子“你数学考试得了多少分？”，“你们队赢了吗？”，这表明父母重视学业和其他成就。)”以及后文“But, parents can also ask questions that convey valuing sharing, helping, and other acts of kindness (但是，父母也可以问一些问题，来传达对分享、帮助和其它善意行为的重视。)”可知，前文指出了父母过度关注成就可能传达的单一价值观，后文通过转折引出更全面的、重视品格和关怀的价值观，可推理出空白处肯定前文，认为重视成就是一件好事，A选项“Achievement can be a good thing to value. (重视成就是一件好事。)”表达的含义符合语境。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Not long ago, my 90-year-old grandma raised a question that caught me off guard. She wondered what personal thing I would most like to 21 from her when she was gone. Sitting in her bright kitchen, I felt a tight lump in my throat and was 22 to answer such an emotional question. I tried to 23 the topic, yet Grandma gently insisted on hearing my true answer. Glancing around her neat and tidy living room, I spotted many old items 24 precious warm memories. Without the slightest hesitation, I told her that I hoped to 25 all her well-kept cookbooks most. Hearing my honest reply, Grandma burst into soft 26 and wore a gentle smile. She doubted if I could make good use of those books, as I seldom acted 27 when cooking. She had good reason to doubt my ability, for I had made countless silly 28 during my previous cooking attempts. I once misused kitchen ingredients and added too much garlic, casually 29 terrible-tasting dishes. Unlike me, Grandma was a real 30 in both cooking and gardening. She owned many valuable recipes, including printed collections and unique handwritten 31 . Many worn pages carried her favorites from different 32 of her life. To my great surprise, Grandma seriously 33 me to cook a full-course meal that day. With her careful and patient guidance, I 34 the whole meal perfectly. Soon after, Grandma suffered a stroke and passed away peacefully. This warm kitchen experience has become my most valuable spiritual 35 . Up to now, I have kept cooking with her original recipes, keeping her love alive in my daily life. 21．A．borrow B．purchase C．fetch D．receive 22．A．slow B．ready C．hesitant D．free 23．A．change B．cover C．forget D．raise 24．A．carrying B．losing C．bringing D．removing 25．A．look through B．hold onto C．go over D．pass down 26．A．panic B．joy C．sorrow D．anger 27．A．wisely B．bravely C．quickly D．freely 28．A．comments B．mistakes C．stories D．plans 29．A．ruining B．tasting C．making D．wasting 30．A．learner B．follower C．amateur D．expert 31．A．essays B．diaries C．notes D．lists 32．A．jobs B．routines C．aspects D．periods 33．A．reminded B．forced C．challenged D．ordered 34．A．practised B．completed C．delivered D．served 35．A．honor B．reward C．luck D．treasure 【答案】 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者九十岁的奶奶询问自己离世后最想留存的物品，作者选择了奶奶珍藏的食谱，这份温暖的回忆成为作者珍贵的精神财富，让奶奶的爱永远延续在日常烟火中。 【详解】21．考查动词。句意：她想知道，在她离世后，我最想从她身上得到哪件私人物品。A. borrow借；B. purchase购买；C. fetch去取；D. receive得到、获得。根据上文“what personal thing I would most like”及后文“from her when she was gone”可知，此处指奶奶离世后，作者想从她那里得到留存的物品。 22．考查形容词。句意：坐在明亮的厨房里，我喉咙哽咽，犹豫着要不要回答这样一个饱含情绪的问题。A. slow缓慢的；B. ready准备好的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. free自由的。根据上文“felt a tight lump in my throat”可知，这个问题伤感又触动人心，作者内心纠结、犹豫不决。 23．考查动词。句意：我试图转移话题，但奶奶温柔地坚持要听我真实的答案。A. change改换、转移；B. cover覆盖；C. forget忘记；D. raise提出。根据下文“yet Grandma gently insisted on hearing my true answer”可知，作者不愿直面伤感问题，想要更换话题。 24．考查动词。句意：我环顾她整洁干净的客厅，看到许多承载着珍贵温暖回忆的旧物件。A. carrying承载、饱含；B. losing丢失；C. bringing带来；D. removing移除。根据下文“Without the slightest hesitation, I told her that I hoped to all her well-kept cookbooks most”可知，这些旧物件留存着岁月痕迹，承载着作者与奶奶之间珍贵温暖的过往回忆。 25．考查动词短语。句意：我毫不犹豫地告诉她，我最想留存她所有悉心珍藏的食谱。A. look through浏览；B. hold onto保留、留存；C. go over复习；D. pass down传承。根据上文“I spotted many old items precious warm memories”可知，作者深知旧物承载温暖回忆，因此想要长久留存奶奶悉心珍藏的食谱，留住这份美好与爱意。 26．考查名词。句意：听到我真诚的回答，奶奶露出温柔的笑容，轻声喜悦起来。A. panic恐慌；B. joy喜悦；C. sorrow悲伤；D. anger生气。根据下文“wore a gentle smile”可知，奶奶因作者珍视自己的食谱而心生喜悦。 27．考查副词。句意：她怀疑我能否用好这些食谱，因为我做饭时很少能做出明智妥当的操作。A. wisely明智地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. quickly快速地；D. freely自由地。根据下文“She had good reason to doubt my ability”可知，作者厨艺不佳，做饭操作不够明智合理。 28．考查名词。句意：她有理由怀疑我的能力，因为我以往做饭时犯过无数可笑的错误。A. comments评论；B. mistakes错误；C. stories故事；D. plans计划。根据上文“She doubted if I could make good use of those books”可知，作者过往做饭频频出错，厨艺生疏。 29．考查动词。句意：我曾经误用厨房食材、放了太多大蒜，随意做出味道极差的菜肴。A. ruining毁坏；B. tasting品尝；C. making制作；D. wasting浪费。根据上文“I had made countless silly during my previous cooking attempts”可知，作者过往做饭时常出错，会误用食材，做出味道糟糕的饭菜。 30．考查名词。句意：和我截然不同，奶奶在烹饪和园艺方面都是真正的能手。A. learner学习者；B. follower追随者；C. amateur业余爱好者；D. expert专家、能手。根据下文“She owned many valuable recipes”可知，奶奶精通厨艺与园艺，是这方面的行家。 31．考查名词。句意：她有许多珍贵的食谱，包括印刷合集和独一无二的手写笔记。A. essays散文；B. diaries日记；C. notes笔记；D. lists清单。根据上文“Unlike me, Grandma was a real in both cooking and gardening. She owned many valuable recipes”可知，奶奶精通厨艺，收藏各类食谱，其中包含专属的手写食谱笔记。 32．考查名词。句意：许多泛黄磨损的书页，记录着她人生不同阶段最喜爱的菜式。A. jobs工作；B. routines惯例；C. aspects方面；D. periods阶段、时期。根据上文“She owned many valuable recipes, including printed collections and unique handwritten ”可知，奶奶积攒了大量食谱，磨损的书页记录了她人生不同阶段的厨艺喜好与积累。 33．考查动词。句意：令我十分意外的是，那天奶奶认真地考验我，让我做一整套正餐。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. challenged考验、挑战；D. ordered命令。根据上文“She doubted if I could make good use of those books, as I seldom acted   when cooking”可知，奶奶知晓作者厨艺生疏，因此特意考验作者，让其完整制作一整套饭菜。 34．考查动词。句意：在她细心耐心的指导下，我完美完成了整顿饭菜。A. practised练习；B. completed完成；C. delivered递送；D. served端上。根据上文“cook a full-course meal”可知，作者在奶奶的指导下顺利做完了一整套饭菜。 35．考查名词。句意：这段温暖的厨房经历，成为我最珍贵的精神财富。A. honor荣誉；B. reward奖励；C. luck运气；D. treasure珍宝、财富。根据全文主旨并结合后文“keeping her love alive in my daily life”可知，这段与奶奶相伴的温暖回忆，是作者无可替代的精神珍宝 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two French adventurers reached the end of a great walk from their hometown to Shanghai on Feb. 7, after nearly a year and a half crossing different 36 (country) almost entirely on foot. Voisot, 26, and Humblot, 27, set off from Annecy in southeastern France in September 2024. Eager for a “great adventure”, they were 37 (determine) to visit China but without flying 38 (avoid) the harmful environmental impact of the aviation (航空) industry. The pair spent 518 days on the road, covering 39 distance of about 12,850 km and taking rests every 5 or 7 days. They walked around 45 km a day. Expectedly, they had encountered some challenges along the way. “There were very hard winter days, and we had to cross the desert in Uzbekistan,” said Voisot, taking pride 40 “having had the willpower to always keep going”. The two friends 41 (know) each other since they were 10 years old, and went to secondary school and university together. 42 (hang) out after work in Paris one night, they asked each other 43 they would do if they could do whatever they wanted. “When we talked about adventure, China came up quickly. Then we had this 44 (slight) crazy idea of going on foot,” said Humblot, a project manager. “We’re both conscious of climate change 45 the responsibility humans bear for it. Thus there are some actions we can take individually,” said Voisot, a climate consultant. “We try not to travel by plane. We’ve done a pretty good job!” added Humblot. 【答案】 36．countries 37．determined 38．to avoid 39．a 40．in 41．have known 42．Hanging 43．what 44．slightly 45．and 【导语】文章讲述了两名法国好友徒步一年半从法国安纳西抵达上海，全程不坐飞机以减少碳排放，克服诸多困难完成跨越多国的长途步行的经历。 【详解】36．考查名词复数。句意：2月7日，两名法国冒险家走完了从家乡徒步至上海的漫长旅程。在近一年半的时间里，他们几乎全程靠步行穿越了多个国家，最终抵达终点。different后接可数名词复数，country复数形式为countries。 37．考查形容词。句意：二人渴望一场盛大冒险，下定决心到访中国，并且全程不搭乘飞机，以此规避航空业带来的有害环境影响。此处考查固定搭配be determined to do sth.，表“决定做某事”，determined为形容词，意为“下定决心的”。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：二人渴望一场盛大冒险，下定决心到访中国，并且全程不搭乘飞机，以此规避航空业带来的有害环境影响。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式to avoid作目的状语，说明不坐飞机的目的。 39．考查冠词。句意：两人在路上走了518天，走完约12850公里的路程，每五到七天休息一次。此处考查固定搭配a distance of，意为“一段……的距离”。 40．考查介词。句意：沃瓦佐特说：“冬日十分难熬，我们还得穿越乌兹别克斯坦的沙漠，”并为自己拥有一路坚持下去的意志力感到自豪。此处考查固定搭配take pride in，意为“为……感到自豪”。 41．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这两位朋友从十岁起就相识，一同读中学、上大学。这里为谓语动词，主语The two friends与know为主动关系，since引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时，主语为复数，所以应填have known。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：一晚在巴黎下班后闲逛时，他们互相询问，如果可以随心所欲，会去做什么事。此处为非谓语，主句主语they与hang为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词hanging作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。 43．考查宾语从句。句意：一晚在巴黎下班后闲逛时，他们互相询问，如果可以随心所欲，会去做什么事。此处为宾语从句，从句中do后缺少宾语，指代事物，应用关系代词what引导。 44．考查副词。句意：项目主管安布洛特说：“我们聊到冒险时，很快就想到了中国，然后我们萌生了这个有点疯狂的徒步前往中国的想法。” 修饰形容词crazy需用副词，slight的副词形式为slightly。 45．考查连词。句意：气候顾问沃瓦佐特表示：“我们都清楚气候变化，以及人类为此承担的责任。因此我们每个人都可以做出一些行动。”分析句子结构可知，climate change与the responsibility humans bear for it为并列名词短语，应用并列连词and。 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假设你是校英文报“Heart to Heart”专栏编辑李华，近期收到一封来自高一新生的来信。信中，该学生提到自己正面临学业、交友、外形、亲子关系多重烦恼。请你就其中的一到两个方面，给这位同学写一封回信，帮他排忧解难，内容包括： (1)表示理解； (2)提供建议； (3)阐述理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear troubled student, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear troubled student, I understand your worries about starting high school, especially with studies and friends. Firstly, create a study schedule. Break big tasks into smaller steps and review regularly. This helps manage time and reduces stress because it gives you a clear plan. Secondly, join a club or activity you enjoy. Shared interests are great for making friends naturally. Don’t hesitate to smile and say hi to classmates — many feel the same as you! We’ve all been there. Be patient and kind to yourself. Things will get better. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生一位同学写一封回信，帮他排忧解难。 1.词汇积累 担心：worry→concern 定期：regularly→on a regular basis 特别：especially→in particular 活动：activity→event 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Don’t hesitate to smile and say hi to classmates — many feel the same as you! 拓展句：Don’t hesitate to smile and say hi to classmates because many feel the same as you! 【点睛】【高分句型1】Shared interests are great for making friends naturally. (运用了动名词作宾语) 【高分句型2】Firstly, create a study schedule. (运用了肯定祈使句) 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex had recently become fascinated by a new project. He wanted to design an app that could identify different birds by their songs. Every afternoon after school, he sat at his desk wearing headphones, listening to one recording after another. Whenever the program confused one bird with another, he replayed the recording, adjusted the code, and tested it again. He was so buried in his digital world that when a real bird began to sing outside his open window one day, he found the sound distracting and simply shut the window. The project soon became part of Alex’s daily routine. He planned to present the app at the school science fair, so every new recording felt like another puzzle to solve. Some bird calls sounded almost identical, and the program often mixed them up. Instead of going outside, Alex searched online for more recordings and larger databases. The more data he collected, the more confident he became. Alex often shared his progress with his grandfather, a retired forest ranger (护林员) who had spent most of his life studying birds in the woods. Grandpa was pleased by the project but seemed more concerned about how Alex was learning. When Alex proudly mentioned his thousands of recordings, Grandpa asked whether he had ever listened to birds outside. Alex shook his head; online recordings were clearer and easier to analyze. Grandpa smiled and said, “Looking up isn’t the same as looking.” Alex didn’t quite understand. Two weeks before the science fair, Ms. Chen, the science teacher, asked Alex to test his app with recordings from a nearby nature reserve. Confident in his program, Alex expected good results. But it identified the wrong birds and became confused when two birds sang at the same time. The model worked almost perfectly with downloaded recordings but struggled with sounds from the real world. After class, Ms. Chen wrote on Alex’s report: A good model should begin with good observations. That evening, Alex told Grandpa about the comment. Grandpa looked at him and asked, “Would you like to find out what your recordings have been missing?” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, Alex followed Grandpa into the woods where he had worked. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two weeks later, Alex was ready for the science fair. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】      The next morning, Alex followed Grandpa into the woods where he had worked. The forest was alive with sound, but not the kind Alex was used to. Grandpa whispered, “Close your eyes. Just listen.” Alex obeyed. At first, he heard only noise. Then he began to pick out different songs — a sharp whistle here, a soft trill there. Grandpa pointed to a small brown bird. “That’s a wren. Listen to how it repeats itself.” Alex recorded it, along with the setting, the time, and the bird’s behavior. For the first time, he felt a quiet sense of wonder at what his downloaded recordings had been missing: the life behind the sound.               Two weeks later, Alex was ready for the science fair. His app now used real recordings from the woods. When judges tested it with live birds, it identified them correctly, even when two sang at once. Alex explained how observing birds in nature had taught him what no database could. He won second prize, and a surge of pride filled his chest. But more importantly, he understood Grandpa’s words: “Looking up isn’t the same as looking.” True understanding begins with paying attention to the real world around us. 【导语】本文以Alex开发识别鸟鸣的APP为线索展开，讲述了Alex依靠网络录音完善程序，却无法处理真实野外鸟鸣。在爷爷引导下，他走进森林实地聆听鸟类，懂得真正的理解源于用心留意身边真实世界。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写Alex跟随爷爷走入林间，在爷爷的指引下闭眼静心聆听，分辨出各类鸟鸣，同步记录环境、时间与鸟儿的行为，意识到网上下载的录音缺少声音背后鲜活的生机。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写Alex带着改良后的APP参加科技展，作品成功识别现场鸟鸣，斩获二等奖。他领悟爷爷的话，明白真知来自对现实世界的用心关注。 2. 续写线索： 跟随爷爷进入森林→闭眼聆听鸟鸣→现场录音、记录环境与鸟类行为→领悟录音缺失的东西→科技展展示改良后的APP→程序成功识别鸟鸣→获奖，领悟观察现实世界的道理 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①低声说：whisper/murmur ②记录：record/note down/keep track of ③识别：identify/recognize/tell apart 情绪类 ①惊叹：a sense of wonder/a sense of awe/a feeling of amazement ②自豪：a surge of pride/a swell of pride/a burst of triumph 【点睛】【高分句型1】True understanding begins with paying attention to the real world around us. (运用了动名词短语paying...作宾语) 【高分句型2】Alex explained how observing birds in nature had taught him what no database could. (运用了how引导的宾语从句和what的宾语从句) 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $