Unit4语法(不定式作宾语和宾语补足语)导学案2026-2027学年教科版五四学制英语八年级上册

Unit4 Technology matters语法讲解与练习 语法:动词不定式作宾语与宾语补足语 一、语法总述 本单元核心语法：动词不定式（to do） 不定式基本形式：to + 动词原形 否定形式：not to + 动词原形（固定位置：not 必须放在 to 之前） 八年级必考两大用法：① 不定式作宾语 ② 不定式作宾语补足语 二、不定式作宾语（超详细讲解） 1. 结构公式 主语+及物动词 + to do（不定式作宾语） 含义：主语想要/计划/决定/学习/同意去做某事。不定式直接跟在动词后，充当动作的对象。 2. 本单元必考接不定式作宾语的动词（必背） want, hope, decide, plan, try, learn, agree, refuse, prepare, choose, forget 以上动词后面只能加 to do，绝对不能加 doing / 动词原形。 3. 详细例句 例句1：I want to learn more modern technology. 我想要学习更多现代科技。 例句2：They decide to create a new smart machine. 他们决定创造一台新的智能设备。 4. 否定形式详解 结构：动词 + not to do 例句1：He decides not to waste time on useless apps. 他决定不在无用软件上浪费时间。 例句2：She refuses to use the bad software. 她拒绝使用这款不良软件。 三、不定式作宾语补足语 1. 结构公式 主语 + 使役/感官动词 + 宾语(sb.) + to do（宾补） 含义：补充说明宾语将要执行的动作，用来告诉、要求、邀请、提醒某人做某事。 2. 本单元必考接宾补的动词（必背） tell, ask, want, invite, warn, allow, teach 固定句型：tell/ask/want sb. to do sth. 3. 详细例句 例句1：Teachers tell us to use technology properly. 老师告诉我们合理使用科技。 例句2：My friend invites me to visit the tech museum. 我的朋友邀请我参观科技馆。 4. 宾补否定形式（超级高频考点） 结构：tell/ask/warn sb. not to do sth. 告诉/要求/警告某人不要做某事 例句1：Parents warn kids not to spend too much time online. 家长警告孩子不要长时间上网。 例句2：The coach tells us not to play games in class. 老师告诉我们不要在课堂玩游戏。 5. 特殊动词 help（唯一特例） help sb. (to) do sth. to 可省略 例句：He helps me (to) fix the computer. 他帮我修电脑。 四、两大用法终极区分（考试必考） 1. 不定式作宾语：动词后直接接 to do，无 sb. 👉 want to do 2. 不定式作宾补：动词后先接 sb.，再接 to do 👉 want sb. to do 五、高频易错点汇总 1. to 后面永远加动词原形，不加三单、ing、过去式 2. 否定式永远是 not to do，禁止 to not do 3. 宾语：无人物；宾补：必须带人物宾语 4. help 可省 to，其他宾补动词一律不能省 to 【配套练习】 大题一、单项选择 1. I want ______ more about new technology. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 2. The teacher tells us ______ phones in class. A. not use B. not to use C. to not use 3. They decide ______ a new invention for the show. A. make B. making C. to make 4. My parents ask me ______ the Internet wisely. A. use B. to use C. using 5. We hope ______ new smart devices in the future. A. to see B. see C. seeing 6. He invites me ______ his new robot. A. try B. to try C. trying 7. Don’t forget ______ the machine after use. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off 8. She plans ______ a course on computer science. A. take B. taking C. to take 9. I want my brother ______ playing games too long. A. stop B. to stop C. stopping 10. The worker refuses ______ the old software. A. update B. to update C. updating 11. We choose ______ safe apps for study. A. to use B. use C. using 12. The scientist warns us ______ careless with tech. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be 13. They agree ______ on the tech project together. A. work B. working C. to work 14. My friend helps me ______ my broken keyboard. A. fix B. to fixing C. fixing 15. We prepare ______ a report on modern technology. A. write B. to write C. writing 16. The guide tells us ______ every machine rule carefully. A. follow B. to follow C. following 17. She tries ______ the new program by herself. A. to use B. use C. using 18. The boss wants him ______ the design soon. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing 19. I learn ______ the smart camera at school. A. operate B. to operate C. operating 20. Teachers tell students ______ online games too much. A. not play B. not to play C. to not play 大题二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I want ________ (learn) to use modern technology. 2. The teacher tells us ________ (not, spend) too much time online. 3. They decide ________ (create) a small smart robot. 4. My dad asks me ________ (help) him fix the computer. 5. We hope ________ (discover) more new tech. 6. She plans ________ (study) information technology. 7. The engineer invites us ________ (visit) the modern lab. 8. Parents warn children ________ (not, trust) all online information. 9. He tries ________ (improve) his computer skills. 10. We prepare ________ (show) our new invention. 11. She chooses ________ (use) simple tech tools. 12. They agree ________ (cooperate) on the tech project. 13. I tell him ________ (check) the data again. 14. The boy refuses ________ (stop) playing computer games. 15. We learn ________ (improve) our writing according to the rules. 大题三、句子改写 1. I want to learn new tech skills.（改为否定句） I ________ ________ ________ learn new tech skills. 2. My mother tells me. I should not play phones long.（合并宾补句子） My mother tells me ________ ________ phones long. 3. They plan to make a new program.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ ________ make a new program? 4. The teacher asks us to use computers wisely.（改为否定句） The teacher asks us ________ ________ computers wisely. 5. He hopes to try the new software.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ he hope ________ ________? 6. I want him to test the machine.（改为一般疑问句） ________ you ________ him ________ ________ the machine? 7. She decides to study computer science.（改为否定句） She decides ________ ________ computer science. 8. We invite him. He shows us the new device.（合并宾补） We invite him ________ ________ us the new device. 9. They want to finish the tech project soon.（对划线提问） ________ ________ they want ________ ________ soon? 10. He tells us to keep away from bad websites.（一般疑问句） ________ he ________ us ________ ________ away from bad websites? 大题四、汉译英 1. 我希望了解更多现代科技。 ______________________________________ 2. 老师告诉我们要合理使用网络。 ______________________________________ 3. 他们决定制作一个智能小发明。 ______________________________________ 4. 爸爸邀请我参观科技实验室。 ______________________________________ 5. 我们计划写一篇关于科技的报告。 ______________________________________ 6. 家长警告孩子不要轻信网络信息。 ______________________________________ 7. 他想要我帮助他修理电脑。 ______________________________________ 8. 我努力提升自己的计算机技能。 ______________________________________ 9. 他们同意一起完成这项科技任务。 ______________________________________ 10. 她拒绝在学习时玩手机。 ______________________________________ Keys 一、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.B 二、词形填空 1. to learn 2. not to spend 3. to create 4. to help 5. to discover 6. to study 7. to visit 8. not to trust 9. to improve 10. to show 11. to use 12. to cooperate 13. to check 14. to stop 15. to improve 三、句子改写 1. don’t want to 2. not to play 3. Do; plan to 4. not to use 5. What does; to do 6. Do; want; to test 7. not to study 8. to show 9. What do; to finish 10. Does; tell; to keep 四、汉译英 1. I hope to know more about modern technology. 2. The teacher tells us to use the Internet properly. 3. They decide to make a small smart invention. 4. My father invites me to visit the tech laboratory. 5. We plan to write a report about technology. 6. Parents warn children not to trust online information easily. 7. He wants me to help him repair the computer. 8. I try to improve my computer skills. 9. They agree to finish this tech task together. 10. She refuses to use mobile phones while studying. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $