Unit 2 School life Reading 重难点精讲&巩固练习2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

译林版八年级上册Unit 2 School life · Reading 重难点精讲&巩固练习 译林版（2024）八年级上册 ｜ 主讲课文：School lives —— Nancy（英国）＆ Tomoya（日本） 一、课文原文 1. Life in a British School（南希·英国） My name is Nancy. I am at Woodland Secondary School near London. Our school is small, so we have fewer students and smaller classes than most schools. We go to different classrooms for different lessons. There are many interesting subjects to choose from, such as drama and foreign languages. To us, learning Chinese may not be as simple as learning French or German, but I am looking forward to having a go. The arts are as important as languages, Maths and Science at our school. We have a special building just for art, music and drama lessons. Being creative is great, and it helps us study better in other subjects. Time flies when we are enjoying school! 2. Life in a Japanese School（友哉·日本） I am Tomoya from Japan, a Year 8 student at Gekko Middle School in Tokyo. Japan is one of the countries with the most earthquakes in the world, so our school offers different safety programmes to teach us how to survive in the face of danger. We get plenty of hands-on experiences from these programmes. Our school also pays a lot of attention to food education. We learn how to cook meals and eat well. In this way, we are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet. Cleaning is another important tradition in Japanese schools. Every day at school, we clean classrooms, toilets and other school areas carefully by ourselves. This helps us develop good habits from an early age. 二、语篇结构 两篇均为“博客”，结构一致：先介绍自我与学校基本信息，再讲学校特色，最后谈感受。阅读时按“基本信息—特色—感受”分层提取。 人物 基本信息 学校特色 感受/收获 Nancy（英） Woodland Secondary School，伦敦附近，学校小 小班教学；走班上课；科目丰富（戏剧、外语等）；艺术与学术同等重要；专用艺术楼 Being creative 有助于学好其他科目；Time flies，热爱学校 Tomoya（日） Gekko Middle School，日本东京 安全课程（应对地震）；食育课（烹饪、健康饮食）；每日清洁传统 获得 hands-on experience；养成好习惯 三、重点词汇精讲 3.1 核心动词 1. offer v. 提供；主动提出 　搭配：offer sb. sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.（提供某物给某人）；offer to do sth.（主动提出做某事） 　例句：The school offers different safety programmes to us. 学校为我们提供不同的安全课程。 　易错：双宾语结构，动词后不接 to do 作“提供”的宾语补足语；辨析见“六、重难点辨析”。 2. survive v. 幸存，活下来 　搭配：survive in the face of danger 在危险面前生存下来；survive the fire 从火灾中幸存 　变形：survival n. 幸存（名词）；辨析见“六”。 3. develop v. 发展；培养，养成 　搭配：develop good habits 养成好习惯；develop the country 发展国家 　变形：development n. 发展；developing adj. 发展中的；developed adj. 发达的 4. choose v. 选择 　搭配：choose from 从……中选择；choose to do sth. 选择做某事 　变形：chose（过去式）；choice n. 选择 5. cook v. 烹饪，做饭；n. 厨师 　例句：We learn how to cook meals and eat well. 我们学习如何做饭、吃得好。 3.2 核心形容词与副词 1. mixed adj. 混合的；男女混合的 　搭配：a mixed school 男女同校的学校（＝ boys and girls have lessons together） 　变形：mix v. 混合 2. creative adj. 有创造力的 　变形：create v. 创造；creativity n. 创造力 　例句：Being creative is great. 有创造力是件很棒的事。 3. aware adj. 意识到的，知道的 　搭配：be aware of ＋名词/动名词 意识到……；be aware that ＋从句 　例句：We are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet. 我们更加意识到健康饮食的重要性。 4. healthy adj. 健康的；healthily adv. 健康地 　例句：eat well and healthily 吃得好、吃得健康；a healthy diet 健康的饮食 5. meaningful adj. 有意义的 　变形：meaning n. 意义；meaningless adj. 无意义的 3.3 核心名词 1. foreign adj.→ foreign languages 外语（形容词作定语） 2. programme n. 课程；节目；计划（英式拼写；美式拼作 program） 3. earthquake n. 地震（earth＋quake 复合词） 4. tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 5. diet n. 饮食 → a healthy diet 健康的饮食；on a diet 节食 3.4 词形变换总表 动词 名词 形容词 副词 mix 混合 — mixed 混合的 — create 创造 creativity 创造力 creative 有创造力的 — develop 发展/养成 development 发展 developing/developed — survive 幸存 survival 幸存 — — tradition 传统 — traditional 传统的 traditionally meaning 意义 — meaningful/meaningless — health 健康 — healthy 健康的 healthily 健康地 四、重点短语精讲 4.1 数量与比较 1. fewer ... than 比……少（修饰可数名词复数） 　例句：We have fewer students and smaller classes than most schools. 我们学校的学生更少、班级更小。 2. one of the countries with the most earthquakes 地震最多的国家之一 　结构：one of ＋ the ＋形容词最高级 ＋可数名词复数，谓语用单数。 3. plenty of 大量的（后接可数复数或不可数均可） 　例句：We get plenty of hands-on experiences. 我们获得大量的动手实操经验。 4.2 尝试、期待与举例 1. have a go 试一试（＝ have a try） 2. look forward to ＋doing 期待做某事（to 是介词，后接名词/动名词） 　例句：I am looking forward to having a go. 我期待试一试。 3. such as 例如（列举同类中的例子，后接名词/短语） 　例句：subjects such as drama and foreign languages 像戏剧、外语这样的科目 4.3 注意、意识与方式 1. pay attention to ＋doing 注意（to 是介词） 　例句：Our school pays a lot of attention to food education. 我们学校非常重视食育。 2. be aware of ＋doing 意识到（＝ realize） 3. in this way 以这种方式（＝ by doing so） 　例句：In this way, we are more aware of ... 这样，我们更加意识到…… 4.4 其他高频短语 1. Time flies 时光飞逝（谚语，fly 第三人称加 -es → flies） 2. in the face of danger 面对危险 3. by ourselves 我们亲自；靠我们自己（反身代词） 4. from an early age 从小（＝ since childhood） 5. hands-on experience 动手实操经验 6. develop good habits 养成好习惯 五、重点句型与语法精讲 5.1 数量比较（more / fewer / less） 结构：more/fewer ＋可数名词复数 than；more/less ＋不可数名词 than 　　　最高级：the most（最多）/ the fewest（可数最少）/ the least（不可数最少） 原句：We have fewer students and smaller classes than most schools. 警示：fewer 只修饰可数名词；less 只修饰不可数名词（如 less time）。 5.2 同级比较（as ... as / not as ... as） 结构：as ＋形容词/副词原级 ＋as（和……一样）；not as/so ＋原级 ＋as（不如……） 原句：The arts are as important as languages, Maths and Science. 　　　Chinese may not be as simple as French or German. 警示：比较级中间用原级，不用比较级；否定式多用 not as ... as 或 not so ... as。 5.3 动名词作主语 结构：动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用单数。 原句：Learning Chinese may not be as simple as ... 学中文可能不那么简单。 　　　Being creative is great. 有创造力很棒。 　　　Cleaning is another important tradition. 打扫是另一项重要传统。 5.4 one of ＋ the ＋ 最高级 ＋ 复数名词 原句：Japan is one of the countries with the most earthquakes in the world. 用法：表“最……的……之一”，后面名词用复数；作主语时谓语用单数。 5.5 offer 双宾语结构 结构：offer sb. sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.；offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 原句：Our school offers different safety programmes（to us）. 学校为我们提供不同的安全课程。 5.6 look forward to ＋ doing 原句：I am looking forward to having a go. 我期待着试一试。 警示：to 是介词，后接动名词；若后接名词也正确（look forward to the party）。 5.7 help sb. (to) do sth. 原句：It helps us study better in other subjects. 它帮助我们在其他科目上学得更好。 用法：help 后接不定式作宾补，to 可省略；接人时 help sb. with sth. 也可。 5.8 反身代词 原句：We clean ... carefully by ourselves. 我们亲自仔细地打扫…… 用法：by oneself 亲自；靠某人自己；enjoy oneself 玩得开心。 反身代词：myself / yourself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves / yourselves / themselves 5.9 疑问词＋不定式 原句：teach us how to survive；learn how to cook meals 用法：how/what/when ＋ to do 作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句（how we can survive）。 5.10 时间/结果状语从句 结果：Our school is small, so we have fewer students ...（so 表结果，“因此”） 时间：Time flies when we are enjoying school!（when 引导时间状语从句） 六、重难点辨析（易混点） 易混项 区别 例句 few / a few few 几乎没有（否定）；a few 几个（肯定）。均修饰可数名词复数 few students 几乎没有学生；a few books 几本书 little / a little little 几乎没有（否定）；a little 一点（肯定）。均修饰不可数名词 little time；a little water offer / provide offer：主动提供某物或提出做某事（offer sb. sth. / offer to do）；provide：为……提供（provide sb. with sth.） He offered me a seat. The hotel provides us with rooms. survive / live survive 强调“幸存、挺过危险”；live 强调“生活、活着”的日常状态 He survived the fire. We live a happy life. programme / program programme 英式拼写；program 美式拼写，均表“课程、节目、程序” safety programmes（英式教材用 programme） such as / for example such as 后接名词/短语，用于列举（部分例子）；for example 后接句子，常放句首 I like subjects such as drama. For example, we learn to cook. the number of / a number of the number of ＋复数作主语谓语用单数（……的数量）；a number of ＋复数作主语谓语用复数（许多） The number of students is 200. A number of students are here. less / fewer less 修饰不可数名词；fewer 修饰可数名词复数 less homework；fewer classes 七、随堂巩固 A. 基础层 · 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Our school is small, so we have ______ (few) students than most schools. 2. The students are ______ (create) in the art lessons. 3. Japan is one of the countries with the most ______ (earthquake) in the world. 4. Cleaning is a special ______ (traditionally) in Japanese schools. 5. We should eat ______ (health) to keep fit. B. 基础层 · 单项选择 1. We can learn a lot from these ______ programmes, such as how to survive in the face of danger. 　A. safe B. safely C. safety D. save 2. I am looking forward to ______ to the new school. 　A. go B. going C. went D. goes 3. — Which subject do you like best? — Drama. It is ______ interesting ______ foreign languages. 　A. as; as B. more; than C. as; than D. so; as 4. We should develop good habits ______ an early age. 　A. from B. at C. in D. on C. 提升层 · 句型转换 1. The arts are as important as languages.（改为否定句） 　The arts are ______ ______ important ______ languages. 2. The school offers us different safety programmes.（改为同义句） 　The school offers different safety programmes ______ ______. 3. Learning Chinese may not be simple.（用动名词作主语改为同义句） 　______ Chinese may not be simple. D. 提升层 · 单句语法填空 1. We clean the classrooms, toilets and other school areas carefully by ______ (we). 2. The teacher teaches us how ______ (survive) in the face of danger. 3. There are many interesting subjects to choose ______, such as drama and foreign languages. 4. We are more ______ (aware) of the importance of a healthy diet. E. 拓展层 · 短文填空（同步中考题型） 阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的词并用其正确形式填空。 （offer, create, develop, tradition, careful） School life in different countries is meaningful in its own way. In British schools, students can be 1. ______ and learn the arts. In Japanese schools, cleaning is a 2. ______ part of school life. Every morning, students clean their classrooms 3. ______ by themselves. The schools also 4. ______ different programmes to help students stay safe and eat well. In this way, students 5. ______ good habits from an early age. 八、参考答案 A. 基础层 1. fewer　2. creative　3. earthquakes　4. tradition　5. healthily B. 基础层 1. C（safety programmes 安全课程，名词作定语） 2. B（look forward to ＋ doing，to 为介词） 3. A（as ... as 和……一样，同级比较用原级） 4. A（from an early age 从小） C. 提升层 1. not as/so；as（not as/so ... as 不如） 2. to us（offer sth. to sb.） 3. Learning（动名词作主语） D. 提升层 1. ourselves（by oneself 亲自）　2. to survive（疑问词＋不定式） 3. from（choose from 从中选择）　4. aware（be aware of 意识到） E. 拓展层 1. creative　2. traditional　3. carefully　4. offer　5. develop （说明：1. creative＝create 的形容词；2. traditional＝tradition 的形容词；3. carefully 修饰动词 clean，与 by themselves 搭配表“亲自仔细地打扫”。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $