【周周有招】新教材同步尖子班讲义第10讲 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage（七选五专题精讲句际与段际逻辑-空格功能判定）-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册（教师版+学生版）

Unit 1　Cultural Heritage　精品讲义2026秋高一（上）英语-新教材人教版必修二 第10讲　七选五句际与段际逻辑：空格功能判定 七选五专题精讲（学生版） 七选五专题　●　句际与段际逻辑：空格功能判定与语篇衔接训练 【课时安排】本讲为Unit 1 Cultural Heritage七选五专题课，建议用时1—2课时。 【学习目标】 1. 能识别段首、段中、段尾三种空位的功能分工与两类例外。 2. 能按“指代→逻辑→复现”的优先级调用六类衔接信号。 3. 能区分“语义相关”与“功能匹配”，完成七选五段际判断。 【板块一】课前测：微技能定位 （一）指代落点 In July 2026, the “Jingdezhen Handicraft Porcelain Industry Sites” was inscribed on the World Heritage List. It became China’s 61st World Heritage property. 问：It指代什么？ 先找前句的落点词，再判它是单数还是复数。地名、国名先排除——它们不接 it。 【答案与解析】 It 指代：                          。判据：落点词是      （先判单复数），          与        不作落点。 （二）逻辑方向 Experts once feared that many old crafts would die out with their ageing masters. ______, young inheritors such as Gao Zhe are bringing them back into daily life through new products and training programmes. A. However　　B. Therefore　　C. Besides　　D. Instead 先别看选项。把空前、空后各读一遍，问自己：这两句是往同一个方向走，还是掉头了？方向一确定，四个词里往往只剩一个站得住。 【答案与解析】 答案：      。空前讲              ，空后讲              ，方向      。 最强干扰项是    ，它只表        不表        。 （三）复现确认 Traditional craftsmen pass on their techniques from generation to generation. Each apprentice practices for years to master the ______. A. Craft　　B. price　　C. road　　D. rule 先把空前的关键词圈出来，去选项里找它的回声——原词、同义、反义都算回声。找不到回声的选项，读得再顺也不能选。 【答案与解析】 答案：      。它与上文            构成      复现；另外三项的问题是                    。 （四）段首功能 ______ They not only keep ancient skills alive but also give young people a reason to stay in their hometowns. A. Traditional crafts are worth protecting. B. The village has built a new road. 空后 They not only... but also... 是在摆好处，那空位填的就该是“被摆好处的那个东西”。落笔前先把两项的主语单复数判一遍，限定不一致的一票否决。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后是          结构，本空功能是          ；B项被否决是因为                    。 （五）段尾功能 Traditional crafts are facing many problems. ______ If we keep teaching and learning, these skills will not disappear. A. These crafts are old. B. These skills are worth keeping alive. 空后 If we keep... 已经在“呼吁”了。段尾空撞上呼吁句，规矩是什么？先把这条规矩想清楚，再落笔。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后 If 条件句已承担        功能，本空应填          句，不能          。 A项的问题：它只              ，收不住段尾。 （六）功能匹配 Many ancient villages in the mountains are losing their young people. ______ Some villages have started to develop local tourism based on their heritage. A. The roads to these villages are narrow. B. However, a few have found a way to survive. 空后 Some villages 是列举，前面缺一句过渡。先定方向：是从困境走向出路，还是在困境里越陷越深？ 【答案与解析】 答案：    。B项 a few 与空后          构成复现，However 完成“      →      ”的转向。 A项的问题：                        。 【板块二】导入：两种接法 One is that they have stood for hundreds of years. Another is that they tell stories of the past. A. Repairing a building requires patience and money. B. Old buildings are worth protecting for many reasons. 先做，做完再听讲。A项读着也顺，也跟主题有关，但它有没有承担“总起”这个活儿？——顺，不等于对。这一条，整讲都要记着。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后是          信号，本空功能是          ；A项的问题是                    。 【板块三】核心精讲 （一）方法总结：三问定位法 步骤 自问 看什么 结论 第1问 位置 空在段首、段中还是段尾？ 初步锁定候选功能 第2问 空后 空后一句是列举、展开、转折还是总结？ 空后信号定功能 第3问 空前 空前一句把我推向哪个方向？ 空前语义定方向 注：段尾空若空后无内容，改看下一段首或本段末句功能。 口诀：空后定功能，空前定方向；指代/限定定“能不能接”，逻辑定“往哪接”；复现、平行、标点做验证。 （二）例题演示：三问定位法＋四类核心判断 演示语篇（模拟）　★★☆ 先按“位置→空后功能→空前方向”把下面这张表填完，再回头选答案。表填不出来的那一空，就是你真正要补的短板。 空位 第1问：位置 第2问：空后定功能 第3问：空前定方向 我的结论 1 ______ ______ ______ ______ 2 ______ ______ ______ ______ 3 ______ ______ ______ ______ 4 ______ ______ ______ ______ 5 ______ ______ ______ ______ For centuries, the covered bridges of China’s southern mountains carried more than travellers. ____1____ Every beam, every tile holds a memory of the people who built and crossed them. But the bridges have suffered. Rain leaked through broken tiles, wooden beams cracked, and some were left to rot. ____2____ Fewer children played on them, and the old carpenters gave up hope. In 2023, a three-year national action began. ____3____ Rather than pulling old structures down, repair teams were told to keep as much of the original material as possible. The action did more than repair. ____4____ By 2026 the picture had changed. ____5____ If we keep caring for them, these bridges will keep carrying both people and memory for another hundred years. A. The wood became unfit to bear any weight. B. The action was carried out county by county. C. It also brought the craft itself back to life. D. Over two thousand of them have been better protected. E. The bridges are part of the village’s own story. F. No one remembers when a bridge was last repaired. G. Modern concrete spans are cheaper and much faster to build. 【答案与解析】 1.    ，判据：                           2.    ，判据：                           3.    ，判据：                           4.    ，判据：                           5.    ，判据：                           多余的两项是    和    ，排除理由：                  。 （三）方法总结：四类核心判断 1. 空后信号词定功能：空后是One/Another、First/Second，空位是主旨句；空后是顺承叙述，空位是过渡句或推进句。例外：空后是If we do...，本空填总结或升华。 2. 指代与限定是一票否决：选项句首代词在上文找不到落点，直接排除。it找单数名词或前句整个事实，they找复数名词，this/these找明确指代对象。 3. 段尾空遇空后呼吁句要让位：空后是We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do...，本空填总结或升华句，不重复呼吁。 4. 逻辑词方向：however转，therefore顺，besides递进，instead替代。边界：instead要求“不这样做，而那样做”的替换关系，不是单纯方向掉头。 （四）方法总结：三种空位与两类例外 1. 段首空：常规填主旨句；非全文首段可填过渡句——承接上一段、开启本段分论点。判据是“看上一段尾”。 2. 段中空：连接前后两句，三种子功能——衔接、被展开、转折。 3. 段尾空：常规收束段落；例外：空后是We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do...，空后已承担呼吁，本空填总结或升华句。 （五）段际逻辑四类型与微练 类型 含义 标志信号 微练（先判方向，再落笔） 顺承/并列 前后同向展开 first/second, one/another, also, besides, moreover Over the past five years, nearly 2,000 key protection and repair projects were carried out across China. ______, more than 1,200 preventive conservation projects for museum collections were completed.（A. However　B. Besides　C. Therefore　D. For example）【答案】______ 转折/对比 前后方向相反 however, yet, but, in contrast, on the contrary Rain leaked through broken tiles and wooden beams cracked. ______, visitors still came to photograph the old hall.（A. However　B. Besides　C. Therefore　D. For instance）【答案】______ 因果 前因后果或前果后因 therefore, thus, as a result, because, since, so Heavy rain damaged the roof of the ancestral hall. ______, the village started a repair project.（A. However　B. Besides　C. Therefore　D. For example）【答案】______ 例证/解释 后句是前句具体化 for example, for instance, such as, that is, in other words AI is changing how heritage is protected. ______, the “Wenbao Tianshu” model has connected 1.26 billion pieces of professional data and is being tested at over 100 heritage sites across China.（A. However　B. Therefore　C. Besides　D. For example）【答案】______ 注：instead表替代性对比，需满足“不这样做，而那样做”的替换关系，不宜简单归为转折。 段际落点：段首空看上一段尾＋本段后；段尾空看本段总结＋下一段首；段中空看前后句。 段首空跨段微练 上一段尾：The old hall had stood for three hundred years. 本段首：______ Rain leaked through broken tiles, and wooden pillars cracked. A. The hall is made of wood. B. But by 2020 it had fallen into ruin. 跨段的空，先看上一段的尾巴说了什么。上一段还在“三百年屹立”，这一段一上来就漏雨、开裂——中间这一步是顺着走还是掉头？ 【答案与解析】 答案：    。与上段“          ”构成      ；空后具体写              。 （六）六类衔接信号与优先级 优先级：指代·限定→管“能不能接”（一票否决）；逻辑词→管“往哪接”（定方向）；复现·平行·标点→只做验证，不单独定案。 1. 指代 Some schools now invite old craftsmen to teach children in after-school classes. ______ By learning with their own hands, students come to understand the value of patience and beauty. A. These classes are becoming more and more popular. B. The craftsmen are very old. 两个选项都能回指上文，那就不看“能不能接”，看“接完之后谁被展开”——空后写的是学生还是匠人？ 【答案与解析】 答案：    。        回指            ；B项虽然能回指          ，但空后讲的是          。 2. 逻辑词 However, these crafts are facing a problem. Fewer and fewer young people are willing to learn them. Many young people stay away because the work is slow and poorly paid. ______ Some schools now invite old craftsmen to teach children in after-school classes. A. Yet, there is hope. B. Therefore, the crafts are dying. 空前整段在讲困境，空后一转讲学校请匠人进课堂。方向是“转”还是“顺”？判反了，整段就全拧了。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空前讲          ，空后讲          ，方向      ；B项方向        。 3. 复现（五类） 类型 示例 原词复现 old buildings → them → these structures 同义复现 protect → preserve → save 反义复现 die out → bring back to life 上下文复现 crafts → paper-cutting, pottery, weaving 概括复现 skills, stories → a way of life 复现是“回声”，不是证据。它只在指代和逻辑都失效时才参与定案——这一点很多人搞反了。 4. 句式平行 Some old traditions are being given a fresh start. ______ Others are kept just as they have always been. A. Some are being passed on through school clubs. B. The traditions are very old. 空后一上来就是 Others，那空位大概率得是个 Some...——看到后半句，前半句长什么样就已经定了。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后        是列举后半句，空位须由        构成平行；B项                。 5. 标点提示 空后为冒号→选项常为总起句；空后为分号→选项常为并列分句；空后为句号→选项必须是完整句；引号内空位须为可引述原话（第一人称）；空后为逗号→选项常为连接词、状语或从句开头。 6. 限定一致 The village has just restored an old ancestral hall. ______ A. The hall now serves as a small museum. B. A hall now serves as a small museum. 前句已经把这座厅“请”进场了，后文再提就必须特指。a 和 the 混用，是最容易被忽略的一类硬伤。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。前句首次引入用        ，后文再提须用        特指；B项                。 7. 指代优先级 However, some old buildings are in danger. Some have been damaged by time and weather. Others have been pulled down to make way for new roads. Once a building is gone, we can never get it back. ______ A. We should protect them for future generations. B. This is because they remind us of the past. C. The buildings were built many years ago. D. They have been replaced by modern ones. E. The government has spent a lot of money. F. Some people prefer new buildings. G. The old buildings are worth visiting. 七个选项里能接上的不止一个。先问这个空位在段尾该干什么活——收束、呼吁、解释、还是补背景？把活儿定死，再去找 them / this 的落点。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。本空功能是            ；      回指            。 B项的问题：                    ；C、D、E、F、G 的共同问题：                。 指代管“接得上”，逻辑管“往哪边”；两者都失效时，复现才参与定案。 【板块四】课堂实战 做题规矩：每空先标功能（主旨／过渡／衔接／展开／总结／升华／呼吁），再选选项。标不出来就先别选。 （一）A篇　基础·精讲　★☆☆　建议用时 8 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Carved into desert cliffs from 366 AD onward, the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang comprise 735 caves, including 492 sanctuaries with Buddhist murals and painted sculptures. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987, the site is the world’s largest repository of Buddhist art. ____1____ Today, local conservators are turning to AI and digital tools. ____2____ On this platform, specialized software for error-free stitching of billion-pixel images has greatly improved processing efficiency. ____3____ Through spectral analysis, the system can even give early warnings for tiny hollows in the plaster base that are completely invisible to the naked eye. The “Digital Library Cave” platform, launched globally in 2025, has released digital resources of 11,090 manuscripts and artifacts, along with 72,810 images. ____4____ More than 250,000 visits from 33 countries and regions have been recorded. Such work does not replace the real caves. ____5____ By giving fragile objects a second life in data, it lets heritage travel further than any object can. A. AI models trained on tens of thousands of high-resolution images are achieving pixel-level disease detection. B. The Dunhuang Academy has taken a further step, building its own digital platform. C. Yet time, wind and sand have never stopped wearing them down. D. It has also drawn visitors from 33 countries and regions. E. In contrast, it protects what can no longer be shown. F. Visitor numbers at the real caves have fallen sharply. G. Most of the caves are now closed to the public. 第2空盯住空后的 this platform——这个 this 要求前一句先把 platform 交出来。第5空盯住前句的 does not replace，它要的是“不替代，那是什么”。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （二）B篇　中档·限时　★★☆　限时 7 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） On 25 July 2026, at the 48th session of the World Heritage Committee in Busan, a gavel fell for Jingdezhen. ____1____ It became China’s 61st World Heritage property, marking a new chapter for porcelain heritage on the World Heritage List. The property is made up of five parts: the town’s porcelain production centre, the Hutian ancient kiln site, the Gaoling porcelain clay mine, the Changling porcelain stone mine and the Jiaotan fuel supply area. ____2____ Together they cover 7,524.7 hectares, about the size of 10,500 standard football fields. Jingdezhen’s story is one of industry rather than a single monument. ____3____ From the Song dynasty bluish-white ware to the Yuan blue-and-white and the Qing famille rose, the city kept reinventing itself while staying the world’s porcelain capital for centuries. What makes the listing unusual is its completeness. Raw materials, fuel, transport, kiln design, division of labour and social organisation all survive on the ground, offering a living picture of a thousand-year industry. ____4____ Eleven years of preparation went into this moment. ____5____ For Jingdezhen, the listing is not a finish line: the kilns are still working, and the challenge now is to keep a living industry alive while protecting what it has left behind. A. It is China’s first World Heritage site dedicated to porcelain industry heritage. B. The five parts contain 15 component elements and 45 heritage sites. C. The “Jingdezhen Handicraft Porcelain Industry Sites” was inscribed on the World Heritage List. D. Some believe old kilns should be kept exactly as they were. E. Each dynasty added its own chapter in clay and glaze. F. The application was launched in 2015, and international experts carried out an on-site technical evaluation in 2025. G. Most of the old kilns have been turned into museums. 第1空的 It 需要一个单数事件当落点；第5空前给了“十一年”，选项里的年份能不能对上这条时间线？对不上就是错的。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （三）C篇　中档·课后　★★☆　建议用时 8 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） For centuries, the covered bridges of China’s southern mountains carried more than travellers. ____1____ Every beam, every tile holds a memory of the people who built and crossed them. But the bridges have suffered. Rain leaked through broken tiles, wooden beams cracked, and some were left to rot. ____2____ Fewer children played on them, and the old carpenters gave up hope. In 2023, a three-year national action began. ____3____ Rather than pulling old structures down, repair teams were told to keep as much of the original material as possible. When floods driven by a typhoon destroyed three protected bridges in Taishun in 2016, villagers pulled more than 90 per cent of the wooden parts out of the water, and restorers put them back one by one. The action did more than repair. ____4____ In December 2024, the traditional design and construction techniques of Chinese wooden arch bridges moved from UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding to the Representative List—the world’s first such transfer. By 2026 the picture had changed. ____5____ If we keep caring for them, these bridges will keep carrying both people and memory for another hundred years. A. The wood became unfit to bear any weight. B. The action was carried out county by county. C. It also brought the craft itself back to life. D. Over two thousand of them have been better protected. E. The bridges are part of the village’s own story. F. No one remembers when a bridge was last repaired. G. Modern concrete spans are cheaper and much faster to build. 这篇比演示语篇多了两段实例。第4空盯住 more than repair——它问的是“还做了什么”；第5空后面已经是条件呼吁了，别跟着一起呼吁。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （四）D篇　挑战·选做　★★★　建议用时 9 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Across China, a new generation of artisans is finding fresh ways to keep age-old crafts alive. ____1____ The number of Gen Z creators of intangible cultural heritage items rose by 95 per cent over the past year, while inheritors under 30 increased by 24 per cent. Gao Zhe, a post-90s inheritor of Tang Sancai, returned to Luoyang in 2018 after studying abroad. His father, Gao Shuiwang, is a national-level inheritor of the craft. ____2____ So far his workshop has trained more than 3,000 villagers for free. ____3____ Kong Yuhua grew up along the Dulong River, watching her grandmother weave. ____4____ She learned every step, from spinning threads to repairing patterns, and has kept the original Dulong motifs while adding modern designs. Her “Rainbow Courtyard” workshops now involve more than 500 local weavers. Some worry that innovation may hollow a craft out. ____5____ A craft that only sits in a museum is a craft that has stopped breathing. A. Seeing her grandmother grow older, she decided to take up the baton. B. Some believe old crafts should be kept exactly as they were. C. The change is visible in the numbers. D. Other young inheritors work with different materials but the same logic. E. Yet the evidence points the other way. F. Most young people prefer office jobs to workshop work. G. He set up a workshop that offers free training to local villagers. 第3空是本讲最难的一处：这一段不是全文首段，上一段还在讲高哲，这一段换人了——先想清楚这个空要干的活儿是什么。第5空后那句“只躺在博物馆里的手艺”是在推翻什么看法？它需要一个靶子。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    　最强干扰项：    　它为什么不能填：                  。 【板块五】高频易错速查表 这张表不是拿来背的，是做完题回查的：哪一步卡住了，就回来看“判定信号”那一列。 易错点 正解 判定信号 典型错例 段首空总填主旨句 非全文首段时，段首空可填过渡句，也可填本段主题句；先看与上段关系，再看空后展开方式 是否全文首段；与上段关系；空后是列举还是顺承 看到One/Another就选主旨句，忽略非首段可能填过渡句 指代无落点 选项句首代词必须在上文找到落点 it/they/this/these回指 选“They built it...”但前文只有单数the bridge，they无复数落点 逻辑词方向错 however转，therefore顺，besides递进，instead替代 空前空后语义方向 前句“担心消亡”，后句选“Moreover, it is growing.” 复现没抓到 同义或原词复现常是答案的回声 protect→preserve→save 选项中craft与上文skills同义，却选了无落点的the price 段尾总结与呼吁混淆 空后We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do→空后已承担呼吁，本空填总结或升华句 空后是否已有呼吁句 空后是We should...，却填了Let’s...，功能重复 限定不一致 these+复数；the+已提名词；a/an表泛指 单复数、冠词 空后是these festivals，却填了单数选项This festival 标点与引号不匹配 选项与空后标点一致；引号内空位须为可引述的原话 句号/逗号/冒号/引号 空后是句号，却填了带逗号的从句；引号内填了第三人称叙述 语义相关当功能匹配 先定功能，再看语义；空后句是否已有该功能 空后句是否已承担同功能 选了与主题相关但后句已承担同功能的选项 自评（做完回头打√）：□ 段首空总填主旨句　□ 指代无落点　□ 逻辑词方向错　□ 复现没抓到　□ 段尾总结与呼吁混淆　□ 限定不一致　□ 标点与引号不匹配　□ 语义相关当功能匹配 【板块六】特殊结构与边界 （一）段首空：段落非全文首段时，空位可承接上文 Many old water towns along the river were losing their residents year by year. Today some of them have reopened as living museums, and young families are moving back in. A. The water in the river is clean now. B. The tide has begun to turn. 空后 Today some of them... 是顺着往下讲，不是在列举。顺着讲的时候，段首空干的就不是“总起”这个活儿了。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后是          叙述，本空功能是            ；A项                  。 边界：空后是列举→主旨句；空后是顺承→过渡句或推进句。 （二）段尾空：三种情形，三种填法 空后是什么 本空填什么 示例 We should/Let’s/It’s time to（空后已呼吁） 总结或升华句，避免功能重复 ______ If we do...（条件呼吁） 总结或升华句，避免功能重复 ______ 结论复述/无后续 总结句，常复现段首主题词 ______ Volunteers have cleaned the old stone paths and repaired the broken walls. ______ If we keep looking after them, the whole old town will stay alive. A. The work has brought the old town back to life. B. We should protect these streets for future generations. 两个选项都跟保护有关，那就只剩一条判据能用：空后那句已经在干什么活儿了？ 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后 If we keep looking after them 已承担        ，B项与之        。 （三）指代：it可指代前句整个事实；this可指代前句观点 By the end of 2025, Yunnan province had completed the protection of 100 key covered bridges, with 24 newly discovered ones added to the registry. Each bridge now has its own digital archive, making information permanently accessible. A. This marked a major step forward in the province’s heritage protection efforts. B. The bridges were built in the Ming Dynasty. 代词的落点不一定是某个名词，也可能是一整件事。找不到单个名词的时候，试着把前句整个事实搬过来当落点。 【答案与解析】 答案：    。      回指的是                （事件／名词）；B项                。 （四）逻辑词：关系有时隐含，无显性信号词 Old craftsmen spent their whole lives in the same workshop. Their children now work in cities and rarely come back. A. Few young people want to take over the family business. B. The workshops have been repaired many times. 这里没有 however，也没有 therefore。关系全藏在语义里——把前后两句连起来读一遍，中间缺的那一环是什么？ 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空前两句隐含的是              这一      关系；B项                。 （五）标点与引号 空后为冒号→选项常为总起句；空后为分号→选项常为并列分句；引号内空位须为可引述的原话形式（多为第一人称）。 A local craftsman said, “______” A. We have to keep using these skills, or they will die out. B. He has been making bamboo baskets for over forty years. 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空位在引号内，须为            ；B项是            ，不能作引语。 （六）限定一致：the与a/an不混用 An old opera house in the town centre reopened last spring. ______ A. The opera house now hosts shows every Friday. B. An opera house now hosts shows every Friday. 【答案与解析】 答案：    。前句首次引入用            ，后文再提须用            特指同一事物。 （七）三步验证 1. 放回原文通读：把选出的五项整段连读，看是否有一处“别扭”； 2. 查指代落点：逐项检查句首代词在上文是否有明确落点； 3. 查功能不重复：确认本空的职能没有与空后句“撞车”，尤其段尾空。 【板块七】课堂小结 （一）三题自测 自测一·段首空 A growing number of young people are returning to their hometowns. They bring new ideas for local crafts and tourism. A. The roads to these towns are still narrow. B. This quiet change is slowly bringing life back to the countryside. 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后 They bring... 是          而非列举，本空需              。 自测二·段中空 The village has repaired the old stone bridge. Young people now stop to take photos and share them online. A. The work has drawn new visitors to the village. B. The bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty. 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空前        ，空后        ，中间缺的是              。 自测三·段尾空 Craftsmen have passed on their skills to a new generation. ______ If we keep teaching and learning, these crafts will not disappear. A. Young people are the bridge between the past and the future. B. We should protect these crafts. 【答案与解析】 答案：    。空后 If 条件句已承担        ，本空应填          ；B项            。 （二）三题对照 空位 看什么 判定要点 段首空 空后是列举还是顺承 列举→主旨句；顺承→过渡或推进句 段中空 前后方向 同向→besides/also；反向→however/yet；因果→therefore 段尾空 空后是否已有结论或呼吁 结论→总结句；空后已呼吁（We should/Let’s/If we do）→本空总结或升华句；不重复呼吁 （三）口诀（边背边填）         优先定功能，        定方向。 段首非首段看          ；段尾空后已        ，本空让位填            。 位置→段首/段中/段尾；功能→主旨/过渡/衔接/展开/总结/升华/呼吁。 优先级：          →          →            。 验证三步：放回通读→查指代落点→查功能不重复。 （四）我的订正与笔记 本讲我错得最多的一类空：                     我错在看成了：                             最该记住的三句话：①              　②              　③               【板块八】课后巩固 说明：以下为七选五迁移训练，供课后自主使用。语篇为模拟训练材料，涉及2026年的事件与数据为虚构或预测，不作为事实性知识记忆。 （一）迁移训练一：The Busan Session　★★☆　限时 8 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The 48th session of the World Heritage Committee was held in Busan, Republic of Korea, from 19 to 29 July 2026. ____1____ All inscriptions during the session were adopted by consensus. ____2____ Comoros, Sao Tome and Principe and South Sudan joined the World Heritage List for the first time. As a result, the number of States Parties without a single World Heritage property has fallen to 23 out of 196. The session also added six sites to the List of World Heritage in Danger. ____3____ The listing recognises both the outstanding value of a site and the urgent need to protect it. One of the highlights was the inscription of the Beaches of the D-Day Landings, Normandy, 1944, in France. ____4____ The serial property, made up of six parts stretching about 80 km along the coast, was inscribed in recognition of its association with the Allied landings on 6 June 1944. Each site that joins the List brings a new perspective on human history. ____5____ Keeping that shared heritage alive remains a collective responsibility. A. Three countries appeared on the List for the very first time. B. The danger listing is not a verdict of failure. C. It closed with 25 new properties added to the World Heritage List: 19 cultural, 5 natural and 1 mixed. D. Twenty-five countries took part in the voting. E. It also reminds us how much work is still left to do. F. It was inscribed as a site of memory. G. The next session will be held in Africa. 小心数字陷阱：文段里的 25 指的是什么？选项 D 把它换成了别的东西，读着很像，其实偷换了概念。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （二）迁移训练二：The Grand Canal　★★☆　限时 8 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The Grand Canal, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 2014, runs nearly 1,800 kilometres from Beijing to Hangzhou. ____1____ The canal once carried grain, silk and tea between north and south. However, the canal has faced many problems. ____2____ Some sections were polluted, and old locks were left to decay. ____3____ A ten-year national plan began in 2019. ____4____ Local governments were told to clean the water, repair the banks and reopen the historic routes. ____5____ By 2026 the picture had changed. More than 1,500 kilometres of the canal are now open to boats and walkers. If we keep caring for it, the Grand Canal will keep connecting both cities and memory. A. The water became unfit for fish and plants. B. Slowly, life began to return to the canal. C. The plan was carried out city by city. D. Fewer boats passed, and old towns along the way lost their visitors. E. The canal is part of the country’s own story. F. No one remembers when the canal was last cleaned. G. Modern highways are cheaper and much faster to build. 第3空在段尾，第5空也在段尾——两个段尾空干的活儿一样吗？一个后面还有下文，一个后面就是条件呼吁句，分别该填什么，先想清楚。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （三）迁移训练三：From the Plateau to the World　★★★　限时 9 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） In a workshop in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, a discarded aluminium can is melted down and recast as a snow leopard, using the ancient craft of Lima copper casting. ____1____ Dawa Drolma and her brother have since introduced rings, necklaces and pendants, bringing a craft once associated with temples into everyday life. Dawa Drolma grew up watching the difficulties of carrying these treasures beyond her hometown. ____2____ She returned to Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture four years later, determined to transform the family workshop. ____3____ In Gyantse County, Pulu, a traditional Tibetan woollen fabric, has been woven for more than 2,000 years. For generations it was used mainly for robes and hats, reaching only a limited market. In 2023, a Shanghai-based fashion company partnered with local artisans to develop scarves and shawls using traditional weaving techniques. The first batch of handmade scarves sold out within two days. What these young people share is a rule: keep the root, then grow new branches. ____4____ A craft that only sits in a museum is a craft that has stopped breathing. The recycled aluminium used in Dawa Drolma’s snow leopard sculpture comes from beverage cans left behind by guests at a nearby homestay. ____5____ A. The intricate technique has been practised by Dawa Drolma’s family for seven generations. B. The aspiration took her to the United States in 2013, where she pursued marketing and business studies. C. Other young inheritors work with different materials but the same logic. D. Some believe old crafts should be kept exactly as they were. E. Blended with traditional Lima copper, it has given the centuries-old craft a new form of expression. F. Most young people prefer office jobs to workshop work. G. Her grandmother refused to teach her at first. 第2空前有“四年后回乡”——这四个字在逼你去找一个时间点。第3空又是换案例的过渡空，跟 D篇第3空是同一类活儿。 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 （四）迁移训练四：The Old Houses of Gusu　★★★　限时 9 分钟 限时 ______ 分钟　实得 ______ /12.5　错因：□ 指代　□ 逻辑　□ 复现　□ 功能重复 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） In Suzhou’s Gusu District, more than 1,600 immovable cultural relics are registered—over 40 per cent of the city’s total. ____1____ Many are small, unnamed houses hidden deep in old lanes, and for years they were simply too numerous and too poor to save. In 2026, a new approach was recognised as one of the country’s top ten cases of high-quality heritage work. ____2____ Rather than repairing famous gardens one at a time, the district chose 231 unnamed old buildings and repaired them street by street. Money came from several directions. A 50-million-yuan grant from the central lottery welfare fund drew about 350 million yuan from provincial, city and district budgets. ____3____ The work also had to serve the people still living there. ____4____ Roofs that had leaked for decades were rebuilt, tangled wires were tidied, and small bathrooms were fitted into houses that had never had one. By August 2026, 211 of the buildings had been finished. ____5____ Repair alone cannot keep a lane alive; it takes shops, residents and daily life to do that. A. The project was carried out across the whole district, not house by house. B. Most of them are not grand gardens or grand halls. C. This “1:7” leverage turned one yuan of central money into seven. D. Old houses were repaired with the people inside them in mind. E. It is about keeping a way of life alive. F. The district has decided to pull down the oldest lanes. G. Most of the houses were built in the nineteenth century. 第2空盯住空后的 Rather than... one at a time——它在找一句“不是这样，而是那样”的话。第3空前有两个数字，选项里的比例能不能算得出来？ 【答案与解析】 1.    　判据：                             2.    　判据：                             3.    　判据：                             4.    　判据：                             5.    　判据：                             多余项：    、    　排除理由：                    。 做完回头再走一遍三步验证：放回通读→查指代落点→查功能不重复。说不出功能的空，就是下一讲要补的洞。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 精品讲义2026秋高一（上）英语-新教材人教版必修二 第10讲　七选五句际与段际逻辑：空格功能判定 七选五专题精讲（教师版） 七选五专题　●　句际与段际逻辑：空格功能判定与语篇衔接训练 【课时安排】本讲为Unit 1 Cultural Heritage七选五专题课，建议用时1—2课时 【学习目标】 1. 能识别段首、段中、段尾三种空位的功能分工与两类例外。 2. 能按“指代→逻辑→复现”的优先级调用六类衔接信号。 3. 能区分“语义相关”与“功能匹配”，完成七选五段际判断。 【板块一】课前测：微技能定位 （一）指代落点 In July 2026, the “Jingdezhen Handicraft Porcelain Industry Sites” was inscribed on the World Heritage List. It became China’s 61st World Heritage property. 问：It指代什么？ 【答案】the “Jingdezhen Handicraft Porcelain Industry Sites” 【解析】it的落点在前句主语，指一个单数项目/事件。Jingdezhen、China是地点与国家，不作it的落点。此处将项目名称整体视为单数，故谓语用was。 （二）逻辑方向 Experts once feared that many old crafts would die out with their ageing masters. ______, young inheritors such as Gao Zhe are bringing them back into daily life through new products and training programmes. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead 【答案】A 【解析】前句“担心随老艺人老去而消亡”，后句“年轻传承人正把它们带回日常生活”，方向相反，however表转折。Instead表“替代”，不表“反转”，是本题最强干扰。 （三）复现确认 Traditional craftsmen pass on their techniques from generation to generation. Each apprentice practices for years to master the ______. A. Craft B. price C. road D. rule 【答案】A 【解析】前文techniques与craft构成同义复现。B、C、D三项在全文无任何落点。没有落点的选项，语义再顺也不能选。 （四）段首功能 ______ They not only keep ancient skills alive but also give young people a reason to stay in their hometowns. A. Traditional crafts are worth protecting. B. The village has built a new road. 【答案】A 【解析】空后They not only... but also...是展开好处的并列结构，空位填“被展开的对象”。B项主语the village为单数，与后文they限定不一致，一票否决。 （五）段尾功能 Traditional crafts are facing many problems. ______ If we keep teaching and learning, these skills will not disappear. A. These crafts are old. B. These skills are worth keeping alive. 【答案】B 【解析】空后If条件句已承担“呼吁/行动”功能，本空填总结或升华句，避免功能重复。These skills与空后these skills构成原词复现。A项只描述“古老”，收不住段尾。 （六）功能匹配 Many ancient villages in the mountains are losing their young people. ______ Some villages have started to develop local tourism based on their heritage. A. The roads to these villages are narrow. B. However, a few have found a way to survive. 【答案】B 【解析】空后Some villages是列举，前面需要一句过渡。B项a few与后文some构成复现，However完成“困境→出路”的转向。A项只描述道路，不承担衔接功能。 【板块二】导入：两种接法 One is that they have stood for hundreds of years. Another is that they tell stories of the past. A. Repairing a building requires patience and money. B. Old buildings are worth protecting for many reasons. 【答案】B 【解析】空后One is... Another is...是列举信号，前面必须有总起“原因/理由”的帽子句。A项语义相关，也通顺，但它不承担总起功能。 【板块三】核心精讲 （一）方法总结：三问定位法 步骤 自问 看什么 结论 第1问 位置 空在段首、段中还是段尾？ 初步锁定候选功能 第2问 空后 空后一句是列举、展开、转折还是总结？ 空后信号定功能 第3问 空前 空前一句把我推向哪个方向？ 空前语义定方向 注：段尾空若空后无内容，改看下一段首或本段末句功能。 口诀：空后定功能，空前定方向；指代/限定定“能不能接”，逻辑定“往哪接”；复现、平行、标点做验证。 （二）例题演示：三问定位法+四类核心判断 演示语篇（模拟） For centuries, the covered bridges of China’s southern mountains carried more than travellers. ____1____ Every beam, every tile holds a memory of the people who built and crossed them. But the bridges have suffered. Rain leaked through broken tiles, wooden beams cracked, and some were left to rot. ____2____ Fewer children played on them, and the old carpenters gave up hope. In 2023, a three-year national action began. ____3____ Rather than pulling old structures down, repair teams were told to keep as much of the original material as possible. The action did more than repair. ____4____ By 2026 the picture had changed. ____5____ If we keep caring for them, these bridges will keep carrying both people and memory for another hundred years. A. The wood became unfit to bear any weight. B. The action was carried out county by county. C. It also brought the craft itself back to life. D. Over two thousand of them have been better protected. E. The bridges are part of the village’s own story. F. No one remembers when a bridge was last repaired. G. Modern concrete spans are cheaper and much faster to build. 【答案】1.E　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.D 空位 第1问：位置 第2问：空后定功能 第3问：空前定方向 结论 1 段中 Every beam...是展开，非列举 “carried more than travellers”，后文展开“记忆” 填E：bridges复现，承接“不只是交通” 2 段中 Fewer children...是结果推进 “rot”，方向是“坏到不能用” 填A：The wood回指wooden beams 3 段中 Rather than pulling...是具体做法 “national action began” 填B：The action回指national action 4 段中 By 2026...是结果 “did more than repair” 填C：also与more than repair咬合 5 段尾 If we keep...已是呼吁 “picture had changed” 填D：总结保护成果，不重复呼吁 【解析】三问定位法不是三个孤立的问，而是“位置→空后功能→空前方向”的连锁判断。四类核心判断中，指代和逻辑优先，复现和平行只做验证。 （三）方法总结：四类核心判断 1. 空后信号词定功能：空后是One/Another、First/Second，空位是主旨句；空后是顺承叙述，空位是过渡句或推进句。例外：空后是If we do...，本空填总结或升华。 2. 指代与限定是一票否决：选项句首代词在上文找不到落点，直接排除。it找单数名词或前句整个事实，they找复数名词，this/these找明确指代对象。 3. 段尾空遇空后呼吁句要让位：空后是We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do...，本空填总结或升华句，不重复呼吁。 4. 逻辑词方向：however转，therefore顺，besides递进，instead替代。边界：instead要求“不这样做，而那样做”的替换关系，不是单纯方向掉头。 （四）方法总结：三种空位与两类例外 1. 段首空：常规填主旨句；非全文首段可填过渡句——承接上一段、开启本段分论点。判据是“看上一段尾”。 2. 段中空：连接前后两句，三种子功能——衔接、被展开、转折。 3. 段尾空：常规收束段落；例外：空后是We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do...，空后已承担呼吁，本空填总结或升华句。 （五）段际逻辑四类型与微练 类型 含义 标志信号 微练 顺承/并列 前后同向展开 first/second, one/another, also, besides, moreover Over the past five years, nearly 2,000 key protection and repair projects were carried out across China. ______, more than 1,200 preventive conservation projects for museum collections were completed.（A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. For example）【答案】B 转折/对比 前后方向相反 however, yet, but, in contrast, on the contrary Rain leaked through broken tiles and wooden beams cracked. ______, visitors still came to photograph the old hall.（A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. For instance）【答案】A 因果 前因后果或前果后因 therefore, thus, as a result, because, since, so Heavy rain damaged the roof of the ancestral hall. ______, the village started a repair project.（A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. For example）【答案】C 例证/解释 后句是前句具体化 for example, for instance, such as, that is, in other words AI is changing how heritage is protected. ______, the “Wenbao Tianshu” model has connected 1.26 billion pieces of professional data and is being tested at over 100 heritage sites across China.（A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. For example）【答案】D 注：instead表替代性对比，需满足“不这样做，而那样做”的替换关系，不宜简单归为转折。 段际落点：段首空看上一段尾+本段后；段尾空看本段总结+下一段首；段中空看前后句。 段首空跨段微练 上一段尾：The old hall had stood for three hundred years. 本段首：______ Rain leaked through broken tiles, and wooden pillars cracked. A. The hall is made of wood. B. But by 2020 it had fallen into ruin. 【答案】B 【解析】与上段“屹立三百年”构成转折，空后具体写破败。 （六）六类衔接信号与优先级 优先级：指代·限定→管“能不能接”（一票否决）；逻辑词→管“往哪接”（定方向）；复现·平行·标点→只做验证，不单独定案。 1. 指代 Some schools now invite old craftsmen to teach children in after-school classes. ______ By learning with their own hands, students come to understand the value of patience and beauty. A. These classes are becoming more and more popular. B. The craftsmen are very old. 【答案】A 【解析】These classes回指after-school classes；B项craftsmen虽可回指，但后文讲的是学生，不是匠人。 2. 逻辑词 However, these crafts are facing a problem. Fewer and fewer young people are willing to learn them. Many young people stay away because the work is slow and poorly paid. ______ Some schools now invite old craftsmen to teach children in after-school classes. A. Yet, there is hope. B. Therefore, the crafts are dying. 【答案】A 【解析】空前讲困境，空后讲转机，Yet定“转”；B项Therefore方向反了。 3. 复现（五类） 类型 示例 原词复现 old buildings → them → these structures 同义复现 protect → preserve → save 反义复现 die out → bring back to life 上下文复现 crafts → paper-cutting, pottery, weaving 概括复现 skills, stories → a way of life 4. 句式平行 Some old traditions are being given a fresh start. ______ Others are kept just as they have always been. A. Some are being passed on through school clubs. B. The traditions are very old. 【答案】A 【解析】空后Others是列举后半句，空位须为Some...构成平行。 5. 标点提示 空后为冒号→选项常为总起句；空后为分号→选项常为并列分句；空后为句号→选项必须是完整句；引号内空位须为可引述原话（第一人称）；空后为逗号→选项常为连接词、状语或从句开头。 6. 限定一致 The village has just restored an old ancestral hall. ______ A. The hall now serves as a small museum. B. A hall now serves as a small museum. 【答案】A 【解析】前句首次引入，后文再提须用the hall特指。 7. 指代优先级 However, some old buildings are in danger. Some have been damaged by time and weather. Others have been pulled down to make way for new roads. Once a building is gone, we can never get it back. ______ A. We should protect them for future generations. B. This is because they remind us of the past. C. The buildings were built many years ago. D. They have been replaced by modern ones. E. The government has spent a lot of money. F. Some people prefer new buildings. G. The old buildings are worth visiting. 【答案】A 【解析】空位在段尾，需收束并发出呼吁；them回指old buildings。B项this可回指，但because解释与段尾收束功能重复。C、D、E、F、G均无收束或呼吁功能。 指代管“接得上”，逻辑管“往哪边”；两者都失效时，复现才参与定案。 【板块四】课堂实战 （一）A篇　基础·精讲 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Carved into desert cliffs from 366 AD onward, the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang comprise 735 caves, including 492 sanctuaries with Buddhist murals and painted sculptures. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987, the site is the world’s largest repository of Buddhist art. ____1____ Today, local conservators are turning to AI and digital tools. ____2____ On this platform, specialized software for error-free stitching of billion-pixel images has greatly improved processing efficiency. ____3____ Through spectral analysis, the system can even give early warnings for tiny hollows in the plaster base that are completely invisible to the naked eye. The “Digital Library Cave” platform, launched globally in 2025, has released digital resources of 11,090 manuscripts and artifacts, along with 72,810 images. ____4____ More than 250,000 visits from 33 countries and regions have been recorded. Such work does not replace the real caves. ____5____ By giving fragile objects a second life in data, it lets heritage travel further than any object can. A. AI models trained on tens of thousands of high-resolution images are achieving pixel-level disease detection. B. The Dunhuang Academy has taken a further step, building its own digital platform. C. Yet time, wind and sand have never stopped wearing them down. D. It has also drawn visitors from 33 countries and regions. E. In contrast, it protects what can no longer be shown. F. Visitor numbers at the real caves have fallen sharply. G. Most of the caves are now closed to the public. 【答案】1.C　2.B　3.A　4.D　5.E 【解析】1. C（段中空·指代落点）。前句说莫高窟是最大佛教艺术宝库，空后讲今天保护者转向AI与数字工具，中间需要“时间、风沙侵蚀”的转折。C项Yet time, wind and sand...承接“宝库”并引出保护需求。 【解析】2. B（段中空·被展开）。前句说“保护者转向AI与数字工具”，空后On this platform...中的this platform要求空位先出现platform。B项building its own digital platform提供落点。 【解析】3. A（段中空·平行递进）。前句讲图像拼接软件提效，空后Through spectral analysis...中的the system要求前文出现系统/模型。A项AI models...与后句构成“监测手段—监测手段”的平行递进。 【解析】4. D（段中空·信息复现）。It回指the “Digital Library Cave” platform；D项visitors from 33 countries and regions与空后More than 250,000 visits from 33 countries and regions构成信息复现；also与空前has released...构成递进。 【解析】5. E（段中空·对照框架）。In contrast与前句does not replace the real caves形成“不替代，只保护”的对照框架；it回指Such work。 干扰项：F项“实地洞窟游客锐减”与后文25万次访问数据方向相反；G项“多数洞窟已关闭”与“全球共享、33个国家和地区可访问”的事实冲突。 （二）B篇　中档·限时 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） On 25 July 2026, at the 48th session of the World Heritage Committee in Busan, a gavel fell for Jingdezhen. ____1____ It became China’s 61st World Heritage property, marking a new chapter for porcelain heritage on the World Heritage List. The property is made up of five parts: the town’s porcelain production centre, the Hutian ancient kiln site, the Gaoling porcelain clay mine, the Changling porcelain stone mine and the Jiaotan fuel supply area. ____2____ Together they cover 7,524.7 hectares, about the size of 10,500 standard football fields. Jingdezhen’s story is one of industry rather than a single monument. ____3____ From the Song dynasty bluish-white ware to the Yuan blue-and-white and the Qing famille rose, the city kept reinventing itself while staying the world’s porcelain capital for centuries. What makes the listing unusual is its completeness. Raw materials, fuel, transport, kiln design, division of labour and social organisation all survive on the ground, offering a living picture of a thousand-year industry. ____4____ Eleven years of preparation went into this moment. ____5____ For Jingdezhen, the listing is not a finish line: the kilns are still working, and the challenge now is to keep a living industry alive while protecting what it has left behind. A. It is China’s first World Heritage site dedicated to porcelain industry heritage. B. The five parts contain 15 component elements and 45 heritage sites. C. The “Jingdezhen Handicraft Porcelain Industry Sites” was inscribed on the World Heritage List. D. Some believe old kilns should be kept exactly as they were. E. Each dynasty added its own chapter in clay and glaze. F. The application was launched in 2015, and international experts carried out an on-site technical evaluation in 2025. G. Most of the old kilns have been turned into museums. 【答案】1.C　2.B　3.E　4.A　5.F 【解析】1. C（段中空·指代落点）。前句只说“木槌为景德镇落下”，未点明事件；空后It became China’s 61st...中的It需要一个单数事件/项目作落点。C项补出项目名称与“列入《世界遗产名录》”这一事件。 【解析】2. B（段中空·复现+限定一致）。空后Together they cover...要求空位给出一个复数集合。B项The five parts复现前句five parts，they的复数落点齐备。 【解析】3. E（段中空·被展开）。前句总起“景德镇的故事是产业的故事，而非单个建筑”，空后From the Song... to the Yuan... to the Qing...按朝代列举展开。E项Each dynasty added its own chapter正被后句具体化。 【解析】4. A（段尾空·总结升华）。本段前两句已用completeness与六个要素完成论证，空位在段尾收束。A项“中国首个以瓷业遗产列入世界遗产名录的项目”是对本段“完整性”意义的价值升华。D项语义相关，但本段没有“待反驳观点”的落点。 【解析】5. F（段中空·时间线复现）。前句Eleven years of preparation给出时长，F项2015年启动、2025年国际专家现场技术评估与之形成时间线呼应：2015到2026正好11年，构成“2015—2025—2026”的推进。 干扰项：D项无“待反驳”落点；G项“多数老窑已改博物馆”与末段“窑火仍在燃烧、产业仍在运转”直接冲突。 （三）C篇　中档·课后 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） For centuries, the covered bridges of China’s southern mountains carried more than travellers. ____1____ Every beam, every tile holds a memory of the people who built and crossed them. But the bridges have suffered. Rain leaked through broken tiles, wooden beams cracked, and some were left to rot. ____2____ Fewer children played on them, and the old carpenters gave up hope. In 2023, a three-year national action began. ____3____ Rather than pulling old structures down, repair teams were told to keep as much of the original material as possible. When floods driven by a typhoon destroyed three protected bridges in Taishun in 2016, villagers pulled more than 90 per cent of the wooden parts out of the water, and restorers put them back one by one. The action did more than repair. ____4____ In December 2024, the traditional design and construction techniques of Chinese wooden arch bridges moved from UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding to the Representative List—the world’s first such transfer. By 2026 the picture had changed. ____5____ If we keep caring for them, these bridges will keep carrying both people and memory for another hundred years. A. The wood became unfit to bear any weight. B. The action was carried out county by county. C. It also brought the craft itself back to life. D. Over two thousand of them have been better protected. E. The bridges are part of the village’s own story. F. No one remembers when a bridge was last repaired. G. Modern concrete spans are cheaper and much faster to build. 【答案】1.E　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.D 【解析】1. E（段中空·原词复现+被展开）。The bridges与首句the covered bridges复现；空后Every beam, every tile holds a memory...正是对“村庄自己的故事”的具体展开。 【解析】2. A（段中空·指代链条）。The wood回指前文wooden beams，承接“木料失能”，并解释后文“孩子不来玩了、老木匠放弃希望”的因果。 【解析】3. B（段中空·限定一致）。前文a three-year national action为单数，B项The action回指且单数一致；后句repair teams were told to...是该行动的落实方式。 【解析】4. C（段中空·段际过渡）。前句did more than repair提示“不止修桥”，空位须给出“还做了什么”。C项also与前句more than咬合。 【解析】5. D（段中空·复现+段尾例外）。Over two thousand of them与空后these bridges构成复现；空后If we keep caring for them是条件呼吁，故本空填总结现状句而非呼吁句。 干扰项：F项“没人记得上次修桥是什么时候”与后文“两千余座得到更好保护”冲突；G项“现代混凝土桥更便宜更快”与全文保护主张方向相反。 （四）D篇　挑战·选做 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Across China, a new generation of artisans is finding fresh ways to keep age-old crafts alive. ____1____ The number of Gen Z creators of intangible cultural heritage items rose by 95 per cent over the past year, while inheritors under 30 increased by 24 per cent. Gao Zhe, a post-90s inheritor of Tang Sancai, returned to Luoyang in 2018 after studying abroad. His father, Gao Shuiwang, is a national-level inheritor of the craft. ____2____ So far his workshop has trained more than 3,000 villagers for free. ____3____ Kong Yuhua grew up along the Dulong River, watching her grandmother weave. ____4____ She learned every step, from spinning threads to repairing patterns, and has kept the original Dulong motifs while adding modern designs. Her “Rainbow Courtyard” workshops now involve more than 500 local weavers. Some worry that innovation may hollow a craft out. ____5____ A craft that only sits in a museum is a craft that has stopped breathing. A. Seeing her grandmother grow older, she decided to take up the baton. B. Some believe old crafts should be kept exactly as they were. C. The change is visible in the numbers. D. Other young inheritors work with different materials but the same logic. E. Yet the evidence points the other way. F. Most young people prefer office jobs to workshop work. G. He set up a workshop that offers free training to local villagers. 【答案】1.C　2.G　3.D　4.A　5.B 【解析】1. C（段中空·总述—具体）。空后两组数据（95%、24%）是具体数字，C项The change is visible in the numbers提前预告，构成“概括→数据”的展开关系。 【解析】2. G（段中空·原词复现）。空后his workshop has trained more than 3,000 villagers for free要求空位先出现workshop。G项He set up a workshop...提供落点。 【解析】3. D（段首空·过渡句例外）。本段位于第2段之后，不是全文首段：上段讲唐三彩高哲，本段转向独龙毯孔玉花，需要一个在人物之间架桥的过渡句。D项Other young inheritors...中Other承接上段人物。 【解析】4. A（段中空·因果衔接）。A项Seeing her grandmother grow older, she decided to take up the baton与空前watching her grandmother weave呼应，与空后She learned every step...构成因果；she的落点明确。 【解析】5. B（段中空·引出待反驳观点）。空前“有人担心创新会掏空技艺”，空后A craft that only sits in a museum...是推翻某种看法的句子。B项Some believe old crafts should be kept exactly as they were正好被后句推翻，功能咬合。 最强干扰E项：Yet the evidence points the other way语义方向与全文完全一致，放在第5空读起来也很顺。但它与空后句功能重复：后句已承担“反驳”职能，E项再填进去就成了“两次反驳一次担忧”。更关键的是，B项提供了“原样封存”这个靶子，后句才能反驳；E项没有提供靶子，后句的反驳就失去了对象。 干扰项：F项与全文“年轻人回流”方向相反。 【板块五】高频易错速查表 易错点 正解 判定信号 典型错例 段首空总填主旨句 非全文首段时，段首空可填过渡句，也可填本段主题句；先看与上段关系，再看空后展开方式 是否全文首段；与上段关系；空后是列举还是顺承 看到One/Another就选主旨句，忽略非首段可能填过渡句 指代无落点 选项句首代词必须在上文找到落点 it/they/this/these回指 选“They built it...”但前文只有单数the bridge，they无复数落点 逻辑词方向错 however转，therefore顺，besides递进，instead替代 空前空后语义方向 前句“担心消亡”，后句选“Moreover, it is growing.” 复现没抓到 同义或原词复现常是答案的回声 protect→preserve→save 选项中craft与上文skills同义，却选了无落点的the price 段尾总结与呼吁混淆 空后We should/Let’s/It’s time to或If we do→空后已承担呼吁，本空填总结或升华句 空后是否已有呼吁句 空后是We should...，却填了Let’s...，功能重复 限定不一致 these+复数；the+已提名词；a/an表泛指 单复数、冠词 空后是these festivals，却填了单数选项This festival 标点与引号不匹配 选项与空后标点一致；引号内空位须为可引述的原话 句号/逗号/冒号/引号 空后是句号，却填了带逗号的从句；引号内填了第三人称叙述 语义相关当功能匹配 先定功能，再看语义；空后句是否已有该功能 空后句是否已承担同功能 选了与主题相关但后句已承担同功能的选项 【板块六】特殊结构与边界 （一）段首空：段落非全文首段时，空位可承接上文 Many old water towns along the river were losing their residents year by year. Today some of them have reopened as living museums, and young families are moving back in. A. The water in the river is clean now. B. The tide has begun to turn. 【答案】B 【解析】空后Today some of them...是顺承叙述，不是列举，故本空不是主旨句而是承接上文“衰落”的转折推进句。A项只说河水干净，不承接上文“居民流失”。 边界：空后是列举→主旨句；空后是顺承→过渡句或推进句。 （二）段尾空：三种情形，三种填法 空后是什么 本空填什么 示例 We should/Let’s/It’s time to（空后已呼吁） 总结或升华句，避免功能重复 The work has brought the old town back to life. If we do...（条件呼吁） 总结或升华句，避免功能重复 These skills are worth keeping alive. 结论复述/无后续 总结句，常复现段首主题词 The old town has come back to life at last. Volunteers have cleaned the old stone paths and repaired the broken walls. ______ If we keep looking after them, the whole old town will stay alive. A. The work has brought the old town back to life. B. We should protect these streets for future generations. 【答案】A 【解析】空后If we keep looking after them已是条件呼吁，B项We should与之功能重复。 （三）指代：it可指代前句整个事实；this可指代前句观点 By the end of 2025, Yunnan province had completed the protection of 100 key covered bridges, with 24 newly discovered ones added to the registry. Each bridge now has its own digital archive, making information permanently accessible. A. This marked a major step forward in the province’s heritage protection efforts. B. The bridges were built in the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】A 【解析】This回指前文整个事实（云南完成100座重点廊桥保护、新增24座登记，且每座桥已有数字档案），指代的是事件而非某个名词。B项无落点。 （四）逻辑词：关系有时隐含，无显性信号词 Old craftsmen spent their whole lives in the same workshop. Their children now work in cities and rarely come back. A. Few young people want to take over the family business. B. The workshops have been repaired many times. 【答案】A 【解析】空前两句“老匠人一辈子守在作坊”和“子女在城市工作、很少回来”——隐含“传承断裂”的因果，无显性逻辑词，须从语义方向判断。 （五）标点与引号 空后为冒号→选项常为总起句；空后为分号→选项常为并列分句；引号内空位须为可引述的原话形式（多为第一人称）。 A local craftsman said, “______” A. We have to keep using these skills, or they will die out. B. He has been making bamboo baskets for over forty years. 【答案】A 【解析】空位在引号内，须为可引述的原话。B项第三人称叙述不能作引语。 （六）限定一致：the与a/an不混用 An old opera house in the town centre reopened last spring. ______ A. The opera house now hosts shows every Friday. B. An opera house now hosts shows every Friday. 【答案】A 【解析】前句用an old opera house首次引入，后文再提须用the opera house特指同一事物。 （七）三步验证 1. 放回原文通读：把选出的五项整段连读，看是否有一处“别扭”； 2. 查指代落点：逐项检查句首代词在上文是否有明确落点； 3. 查功能不重复：确认本空的职能没有与空后句“撞车”，尤其段尾空。 【板块七】课堂小结 （一）三题自测 自测一·段首空 A growing number of young people are returning to their hometowns. They bring new ideas for local crafts and tourism. A. The roads to these towns are still narrow. B. This quiet change is slowly bringing life back to the countryside. 【答案】B 【解析】空后They bring...是顺承展开而非列举，空位需承接上文“年轻人回流”这一变化；A项只描述道路，不承接。 自测二·段中空 The village has repaired the old stone bridge. Young people now stop to take photos and share them online. A. The work has drawn new visitors to the village. B. The bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】A 【解析】空前“修桥”，空后“年轻人来拍照”——中间缺“桥带来了人”这一环；B项只补背景，不搭桥。 自测三·段尾空 Craftsmen have passed on their skills to a new generation. ______ If we keep teaching and learning, these crafts will not disappear. A. Young people are the bridge between the past and the future. B. We should protect these crafts. 【答案】A 【解析】空后If条件句已承担呼吁，本空填升华句；B项We should功能重复。 （二）三题对照 空位 看什么 判定要点 段首空 空后是列举还是顺承 列举→主旨句；顺承→过渡或推进句 段中空 前后方向 同向→besides/also；反向→however/yet；因果→therefore 段尾空 空后是否已有结论或呼吁 结论→总结句；空后已呼吁（We should/Let’s/If we do）→本空总结或升华句；不重复呼吁 （三）口诀 空后优先定功能，空前定方向。 段首非首段看前段尾；段尾空后已呼吁，本空让位填总结/升华。 位置→段首/段中/段尾；功能→主旨/过渡/衔接/展开/总结/升华/呼吁。 优先级：指代·限定→逻辑词→复现·平行·标点。 验证三步：放回通读→查指代落点→查功能不重复。 【板块八】课后巩固 说明：以下为七选五迁移训练，供课后自主使用。语篇为模拟训练材料，涉及2026年的事件与数据为虚构或预测，不作为事实性知识记忆。 （一）迁移训练一：The Busan Session 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The 48th session of the World Heritage Committee was held in Busan, Republic of Korea, from 19 to 29 July 2026. ____1____ All inscriptions during the session were adopted by consensus. ____2____ Comoros, Sao Tome and Principe and South Sudan joined the World Heritage List for the first time. As a result, the number of States Parties without a single World Heritage property has fallen to 23 out of 196. The session also added six sites to the List of World Heritage in Danger. ____3____ The listing recognises both the outstanding value of a site and the urgent need to protect it. One of the highlights was the inscription of the Beaches of the D-Day Landings, Normandy, 1944, in France. ____4____ The serial property, made up of six parts stretching about 80 km along the coast, was inscribed in recognition of its association with the Allied landings on 6 June 1944. Each site that joins the List brings a new perspective on human history. ____5____ Keeping that shared heritage alive remains a collective responsibility. A. Three countries appeared on the List for the very first time. B. The danger listing is not a verdict of failure. C. It closed with 25 new properties added to the World Heritage List: 19 cultural, 5 natural and 1 mixed. D. Twenty-five countries took part in the voting. E. It also reminds us how much work is still left to do. F. It was inscribed as a site of memory. G. The next session will be held in Africa. 【答案】1.C　2.A　3.B　4.F　5.E 【解析】1. C。空后All inscriptions during the session...要求前句先出现“入选”事件与数量；C项给出25处新增及构成，为All inscriptions提供落点。 【解析】2. A（段首空·主旨句）。空后列出三国并说明“首次入选”，A项Three countries... for the very first time总起，与后文构成“总述—列举”。 【解析】3. B。前句讲新增六处濒危遗产，空后解释“既承认突出价值，也承认保护的紧迫性”，B项“列入濒危名录不是失败的判决”居中搭桥。 【解析】4. F。空后The serial property...解释其列入理由，F项It was inscribed as a site of memory提供“以什么身份列入”这一落点，it回指D-Day beaches。 【解析】5. E。It回指Each site；also与空前brings a new perspective构成递进。 干扰项：D项把“新增25处遗产”偷换为“25个国家参与表决”，是数字复现型陷阱；G项全文无此信息。 （二）迁移训练二：The Grand Canal 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The Grand Canal, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 2014, runs nearly 1,800 kilometres from Beijing to Hangzhou. ____1____ The canal once carried grain, silk and tea between north and south. However, the canal has faced many problems. ____2____ Some sections were polluted, and old locks were left to decay. ____3____ A ten-year national plan began in 2019. ____4____ Local governments were told to clean the water, repair the banks and reopen the historic routes. ____5____ By 2026 the picture had changed. More than 1,500 kilometres of the canal are now open to boats and walkers. If we keep caring for it, the Grand Canal will keep connecting both cities and memory. A. The water became unfit for fish and plants. B. Slowly, life began to return to the canal. C. The plan was carried out city by city. D. Fewer boats passed, and old towns along the way lost their visitors. E. The canal is part of the country’s own story. F. No one remembers when the canal was last cleaned. G. Modern highways are cheaper and much faster to build. 【答案】1.E　2.A　3.D　4.C　5.B 【解析】1. E。The canal与首句The Grand Canal构成原词复现；空后“曾运送粮、丝、茶”是对“国家自身故事”的展开。 【解析】2. A。The water与后文polluted构成复现，承接“运河面临诸多问题”这一总起。 【解析】3. D（段尾空·顺承推进）。承接前文“旧船闸失修”，进一步写运河衰落；Fewer boats与同句old towns lost their visitors构成因果衔接。 【解析】4. C。前文A ten-year national plan为单数，The plan回指且单数一致；后文“地方政府被要求...”是该计划的落实方式。 【解析】5. B。Slowly与后文By 2026 the picture had changed形成时间推进，且全文末句为条件呼吁，故本空填现状总结句。 干扰项：F项与后文“1500余公里重新开放”冲突；G项与保护主张方向相反。 （三）迁移训练三：From the Plateau to the World 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） In a workshop in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, a discarded aluminium can is melted down and recast as a snow leopard, using the ancient craft of Lima copper casting. ____1____ Dawa Drolma and her brother have since introduced rings, necklaces and pendants, bringing a craft once associated with temples into everyday life. Dawa Drolma grew up watching the difficulties of carrying these treasures beyond her hometown. ____2____ She returned to Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture four years later, determined to transform the family workshop. ____3____ In Gyantse County, Pulu, a traditional Tibetan woollen fabric, has been woven for more than 2,000 years. For generations it was used mainly for robes and hats, reaching only a limited market. In 2023, a Shanghai-based fashion company partnered with local artisans to develop scarves and shawls using traditional weaving techniques. The first batch of handmade scarves sold out within two days. What these young people share is a rule: keep the root, then grow new branches. ____4____ A craft that only sits in a museum is a craft that has stopped breathing. The recycled aluminium used in Dawa Drolma’s snow leopard sculpture comes from beverage cans left behind by guests at a nearby homestay. ____5____ A. The intricate technique has been practised by Dawa Drolma’s family for seven generations. B. The aspiration took her to the United States in 2013, where she pursued marketing and business studies. C. Other young inheritors work with different materials but the same logic. D. Some believe old crafts should be kept exactly as they were. E. Blended with traditional Lima copper, it has given the centuries-old craft a new form of expression. F. Most young people prefer office jobs to workshop work. G. Her grandmother refused to teach her at first. 【答案】1.A　2.B　3.C　4.D　5.E 【解析】1. A。空后Dawa Drolma and her brother have since introduced...说明本段聚焦家族传承，A项提供家族背景；since要求前文先交代“这门技艺在家族中代代相传”。 【解析】2. B。前句“目睹手艺走出家乡的困难”，空后She returned... four years later——B项2013年赴美求学与之形成时间线，四年后回乡。 【解析】3. C（段首空·过渡句）。上段讲利玛铜铸，本段转向氆氇（Pulu），C项Other young inheritors work with different materials but the same logic在案例之间架桥。 【解析】4. D。空后“只躺在博物馆里的手艺，是停止呼吸的手艺”推翻“原样封存”的看法，D项Some believe...引出待反驳观点。 【解析】5. E（段尾空·总结）。E项it回指recycled aluminium，用“传统利玛铜+回收铝”完成新旧结合的段尾总结。 干扰项：F项与“年轻传承人回归”方向相反；G项原文无此信息。 （四）迁移训练四：The Old Houses of Gusu 　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） In Suzhou’s Gusu District, more than 1,600 immovable cultural relics are registered—over 40 per cent of the city’s total. ____1____ Many are small, unnamed houses hidden deep in old lanes, and for years they were simply too numerous and too poor to save. In 2026, a new approach was recognised as one of the country’s top ten cases of high-quality heritage work. ____2____ Rather than repairing famous gardens one at a time, the district chose 231 unnamed old buildings and repaired them street by street. Money came from several directions. A 50-million-yuan grant from the central lottery welfare fund drew about 350 million yuan from provincial, city and district budgets. ____3____ The work also had to serve the people still living there. ____4____ Roofs that had leaked for decades were rebuilt, tangled wires were tidied, and small bathrooms were fitted into houses that had never had one. By August 2026, 211 of the buildings had been finished. ____5____ Repair alone cannot keep a lane alive; it takes shops, residents and daily life to do that. A. The project was carried out across the whole district, not house by house. B. Most of them are not grand gardens or grand halls. C. This “1:7” leverage turned one yuan of central money into seven. D. Old houses were repaired with the people inside them in mind. E. It is about keeping a way of life alive. F. The district has decided to pull down the oldest lanes. G. Most of the houses were built in the nineteenth century. 【答案】1.B　2.A　3.C　4.D　5.E 【解析】1. B。Most of them回指前句1,600余处不可移动文物；空后Many are small, unnamed houses...是对B项的具体展开。 【解析】2. A。The project回指前句a new approach；空后Rather than... one at a time与A项as a whole district, not house by house严丝合缝。 【解析】3. C。This “1:7” leverage回指前文5,000万中央资金撬动约3.5亿元地方配套，构成数字复现。 【解析】4. D。与空前“必须服务仍住在里面的人”呼应，空后列举屋面翻修、管线梳理、加装卫生间等民生细节，是D项的具体展开。 【解析】5. E（段尾空·升华）。a way of life与空后daily life构成同义复现；空后Repair alone cannot...进一步解释升华句。 干扰项：F项与保护方向相反；G项“多数建于十九世纪”在全文无落点。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $