精品解析：河南省普通高中2026-2027学年高二上学期9月阶段检测英语试题

秘密★启用前 试题卷类型：A 2026年河南省普通高中高二秋期9月联考 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Strava is a widely popular fitness app that first appeared in 2009. It started as a fantastic tool for cycling enthusiasts and quickly won hearts around the world. Today, it has grown into a trusted partner for all kinds of sports fans, with over 180 million users globally. Whether you love running, cycling, hiking or other outdoor activities, Strava can always make your exercise more enjoyable and meaningful. Why Strava Stands Out Unlike other simple fitness apps, Strava turns solo exercise into a fun social experience. You can follow your friends, give “Kudos” to cheer each other on, and share your exercise progress and achievements. You can also explore popular, safe exercise routes recommended by other users in your city or other places you visit. Powerful & Smart Functions Strava works smoothly with nearly all smartphones and smartwatches. It records your speed, time, distance, calories and heart rate in detail. In recent years, it has added advanced coaching tools to help you make scientific personal training plans and reach your fitness goals more easily. Upgrade for More If you want professional guidance and more powerful tools, you can choose our paid subscription (订阅) service. The company is planning for future development and will keep providing better, smarter and friendlier services for every user. Join millions of active users and let Strava make every step of your fitness journey easier and more enjoyable. 1. What was Strava first designed for? A. Cycling. B. Walking. C. Running. D. Swimming. 2. What makes Strava special according to the text? A. It offers free coaching. B. It replaces smartwatches. C. It is mainly for athletes. D. It connects people together. 3. Why does Strava plan further development? A. To save more money. B. To attract more users. C. To offer a better experience. D. To get more cooperation. B In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 4. What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A. Her determination to reunite her family. B. The skills she learned through online courses. C. Her reflection on her building experience. D. The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 5. Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A. Intelligent and creative. B. Devoted and modest. C. Knowledgeable and patient. D. Professional and thoughtful. 6. What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A. It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B. It reflected advanced home building technology. C. It was an example of creative house design. D. It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 7. What did Cara learn through her experience? A. Where there’s a will there’s a way. B. Adversity is the midwife of genius. C. Sharp tools make good work. D. It’s never too late to learn. C After giving a talk at Dartmouth, my undergraduate college, I made a familiar pilgrimage (朝圣): I walked past my dorm room, visited my favorite parts of the library, and went to put my hand on my old mailbox. Maybe you no longer need to kneel at the mailbox of your youth, but I do. The emotional gravity of that location still pulls. I found it easily (Hinman Post Office Box 99). I either forgot the combination to the lock or they changed it, probably because every alum (校友) who visited tried to see if it would work. My residence was about half a mile away but even on freezing days, I’d be desperate enough to check in the early morning and again in the late afternoon to see whether something waited there for me. Letters — handwritten, stamped and posted days or even weeks before they arrived — had the power to make me either wildly happy or sad. I longed for mail the way mystics (神秘家) long for voices from the mountaintops. Because my mailbox was on the lowest level, nearest to the floor, I literally had to get onto my knees to see whether my wishes would come true that day. The only things missing were clerical robes, a bell, and a candle to make it a fully religious scene. Handwritten letters, apparently, continue to capture the imagination. I remember the letters that changed my life. I remember when I got my college acceptances — and rejections. I remember the love letters — and rejections. I recall phrases from the acceptances by employers, agents and editors — with entire paragraphs from their rejections burned into my brain. In the days before everything was electronic, much arrived that you didn’t see coming. Seeing an envelope addressed in a familiar hand can still make my heart beat faster. That’s worth a first-class stamp. That’s worth a trip to the mailbox. The excitement of opening an envelope is too deep to renounce. Write a letter. Mail it! 8. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To clarify a concept. B. To advocate handwritten letters. C. To introduce a course. D. To share a speaking experience. 9. Why does the author mention "mystics" in paragraph 3? A. To give vivid descriptions. B. To better define a term. C. To explain a phenomenon. D. To provide more details. 10. What does the author want to demonstrate in paragraph 4? A. What impressed her most while at college. B. When she preferred to communicate by letter. C. How handwritten letters have impacted her life. D. What caused her to value handwritten letters most. 11. What does the underlined word "renounce" in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Experience. B. Understand. C. Recommend. D. Abandon. D The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has brought wide-ranging opportunities across industries and transformed the way we live, work and interact. Yet, like earlier technological revolutions, AI is accompanied by ethical challenges, including algorithmic (算法) discrimination, deepfake content and highly autonomous decision-making. These risks make it necessary to carry out ethical supervision immediately so that AI can be developed and used responsibly. In response, the Chinese government has introduced a trial guideline on the ethics review and service of AI technology, which offers clear guidance and marks a critical step forward in AI governance. Ethical governance of AI is a moral imperative (要紧的事), as AI may deeply affect human well-being, fairness, transparency and privacy. The guideline prioritizes three key areas for ethical review: hybrid (混合) systems influencing human behavior, emotions and health; algorithmic models shaping public opinion; and high-autonomy automated decision-making systems involving safety and health risks. It is designed to encourage innovation while reducing risks, supporting the participation of universities, research institutions and enterprises in establishing ethical standards and building an ethics service system featuring risk monitoring, testing and certification. This helps improve ethical integrity and lower rule-following costs, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. The guideline is part of China’s broader effort to strengthen technology ethics governance, following earlier initiatives and agreeing with the commitment to responsible innovation. It works with the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law and the Personal Information Protection Law to form a comprehensive governance framework. The guideline also defines six core ethical review areas: human well-being, fairness and justice, controllability and trustworthiness, transparency and explainability, accountability and traceability, and privacy protection, with clear implementation procedures. Ethical oversight of AI is not a barrier to innovation but a necessary safeguard for responsible progress. This guideline demonstrates China’s leading role in AI governance, showing that development and governance can complement each other to build a sustainable, ethical digital future. 12. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. AI has transformed work and interaction. B. Revolutions always cause ethical problems. C. Algorithmic discrimination challenges AI. D. AI development calls for ethical supervision. 13. What is the purpose of the AI ethics review guideline? A. To respond to market demands. B. To prioritize high-risk areas first. C. To guide the healthy development of AI. D. To fill legal gaps in AI governance. 14. Which of the following best describes the guideline? A. It is systematic and well-organized. B. It is a temporary measure with little effect. C. It adds new requirements to existing laws. D. It is currently being tested on a small scale. 15. What is implied in the last paragraph? A. Oversight removes AI barriers. B. Development and governance go together. C. Oversight means innovation leadership. D. Progress and oversight should be balanced. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Understanding the mechanisms behind habit formation has long been a subject of scientific inquiry. The human brain is a highly adaptable organ, capable of rewiring itself in response to experiences and actions. ____16____ Therefore, by using advanced neurotechnology, scientists are now exploring ways to improve these cognitive transformations. Habits are created through a process known as reinforcement learning, which heavily involves the brain’s reward system. When we engage in a behavior that results in a positive outcome, a chemical called dopamine is released. This process strengthens the neural (神经) pathways associated with that behavior. Over time, they become so automatic that the behavior requires little conscious effort. ____17____ To break a bad habit, the brain must overrule existing neural pathways and replace them with new ones. ____18____ For instance, people can consciously introduce alternative behaviors that offer similar rewards, or use cognitive strategies to change negative thought patterns. In addition, emerging technologies like neurofeedback can provide real-time data on brainwaves. By observing these patterns, individuals can actively train themselves to reduce the stress and impulsivity (冲动) that often result in bad habits. ____19____ The key to success lies in creating a positive feedback loop (回路) that reinforces the new behavior over time. As a new routine is repeated step by step, small rewards trigger the brain’s pleasure center, gradually making the action feel natural. Consequently, the future of habit change will rely less on mere willpower. ____20____ With the help of technology, humans can better use the brain’s natural ability to adapt and create lasting, positive change. A. Instead, it will depend more on scientific tools. B. Breaking a bad habit has nothing to do with brain changes. C. This ability helps both break bad habits and build healthy ones. D. This difficult task requires interrupting the established reward cycle. E. By contrast, building new habits requires repetition and consistent efforts. F. Individuals can adjust their brain activity to achieve specific mental states. G. However, this same automaticity makes breaking unwanted habits challenging. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Coffee shops are cool, but in Wilmington, Bitty & Beau’s Coffee enjoys a good reputation for its warmth. At the heart of the shop’s popularity is its ____21____ staff: Almost everyone has an intellectual disability. The coffee shop was opened in 2016 by Amy Wright and her husband, ____22____ by two of her four children Beau and Bitty, who have Down syndrome (唐氏症). When the couple discovered that most disabled people could never find an employer willing to give them a(n) ____23____, they resolved to do something. “It ____24____ me like lightning: a coffee shop!” Wright said. “It would be the perfect environment for bringing people together. Seeing the staff ____25____ customers at the door, preparing food, serving orders and cleaning tables, people would realize how ____26____ they are.” When the shop opened, it immediately became a hit, with ____27____ out the door. National press attention ____28____, and six months later, it had to move to a ____29____ space. Today, the store employs 40 people with disabilities, who are really good at their jobs. What makes Amy most proud is the ____30____ it has built in the community. “Every day, people say, ‘You’ve made my day. Thank you.’ That’s a feeling of happiness most people don’t get elsewhere, and it’s what ____31____ people back here,” she said. “This is a place where people can ____32____ with those with disabilities and realize how much more alike we are than different. It’s ____33____ a cup of coffee. It’s a human rights movement. It has given our employees the respect and a sense of being ____34____ that they deserve. For many employees, it’s their first job, and their ____35____ fills the air.” 21. A. gifted B. unique C. dynamic D. enterprising 22. A. started B. guided C. sponsored D. inspired 23. A. break B. interview C. promotion D. reward 24. A. encouraged B. impacted C. alarmed D. struck 25. A. greeting B. finding C. observing D. gathering 26. A. capable B. sincere C. productive D. modest 27. A. guards B. signs C. lines D. activities 28. A. responded B. followed C. agreed D. ceased 29. A. nearer B. larger C. cheaper D. quieter 30. A. tradition B. background C. balance D. bridge 31. A. draws B. forces C. holds D. calls 32. A. work B. compete C. debate D. interact 33. A. something like B. anything but C. more than D. nothing but 34. A. valued B. protected C. doubted D. ignored 35. A. patience B. ambition C. delight D. humor 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the China Umbrella Museum in Hangzhou, West Lake silk umbrellas are displayed as a ____36____ (remark) example of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. Recognized _____37_____ part of China’s intangible cultural heritage in 2008, this art form reflects both technical skill ____38____ deep cultural meaning. Silk umbrellas are made through a complex process ____39____ combines bamboo frame construction, silk covering, and artistic decoration. Thin bamboo is made into a frame, then covered with silk and decorated by painting, embroidery (刺绣), and dyeing. Usually, scenes inspired by the West Lake, such as misty bridges, flowing water, and seasonal landscapes, ____40____ (represent) in soft and poetic forms. ____41____ makes the umbrella unique is not only its appearance, but also its symbolic meaning. The circular shape stands for ____42____ (harmonious) and completeness in Chinese culture, while the combination of bamboo and silk reflects the unity of strength and softness. When ____43____ (unfold), it looks like a painting in motion. When you close the umbrella, it returns to the simplicity of natural bamboo, ____44____ (show) a balance between art and function. More importantly, the umbrella carries the cultural memory of Jiangnan water towns. It is not simply a tool for protection, but a carrier of aesthetic values and traditional philosophy. With renewed interest in intangible cultural heritage, this ancient craft continues to be preserved, and that enables Chinese artistic wisdom ____45____ (carry) forward in modern society. 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校外教David打算带领学生创办每周英语视频播客，现在正在征求学生意见，需要从以下两个主题中选择一个作为播客的主题：“Emotional Outlets (解忧树洞)”和“Career Planning (职业规划)”。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的选择； 2．你推荐的理由。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。 It was a snowy afternoon as I waved goodbye to my daughters at the school gate. A random thought struck me — what if I walked backward all the way home? The strange idea of moving forward while facing the path I’d left behind fascinated me, so I stepped backward without second thought. A few snowflakes landed on my eyelashes, making me blink. Snow covered the whole street, making backward walking far harder than usual. My pace slowed drastically. Normally I rushed everywhere, my mind always wandering ahead: I’d reach the school physically yet fret (担心) over unplugging my wife’s hair dryer back home. This slow backward walk forced my racing mind to settle down. Worse still, I lost sight of the road forward. I had to rely on my ears to catch approaching cars and my feet to feel uneven snow ground, awakening senses I rarely used and turning the familiar daily route into an unknown adventure. I stuck to this silly experiment all the way, gradually realizing the most lovely views were the ones I’d already passed. While wandering slowly, I worried passers-by would think me weird. I even spotted an elderly grandma walking toward me in the distance, her eyes fixed curiously on my strange movements. A bird called twice from a bare branch above, as if commenting on my foolishness. Deep inside, I wondered how to explain my odd behavior if she came over to ask. Yet I also felt a quiet warmth, realizing looking back lets us value all past hardships and sweet memories that shape ourselves. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 Halfway home, the kind grandma drew near and stopped in front of me, a confused look on her face. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I finally arrived at my front door and turned around to gaze at the long snow-covered road. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 秘密★启用前 试题卷类型：A 2026年河南省普通高中高二秋期9月联考 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Strava is a widely popular fitness app that first appeared in 2009. It started as a fantastic tool for cycling enthusiasts and quickly won hearts around the world. Today, it has grown into a trusted partner for all kinds of sports fans, with over 180 million users globally. Whether you love running, cycling, hiking or other outdoor activities, Strava can always make your exercise more enjoyable and meaningful. Why Strava Stands Out Unlike other simple fitness apps, Strava turns solo exercise into a fun social experience. You can follow your friends, give “Kudos” to cheer each other on, and share your exercise progress and achievements. You can also explore popular, safe exercise routes recommended by other users in your city or other places you visit. Powerful & Smart Functions Strava works smoothly with nearly all smartphones and smartwatches. It records your speed, time, distance, calories and heart rate in detail. In recent years, it has added advanced coaching tools to help you make scientific personal training plans and reach your fitness goals more easily. Upgrade for More If you want professional guidance and more powerful tools, you can choose our paid subscription (订阅) service. The company is planning for future development and will keep providing better, smarter and friendlier services for every user. Join millions of active users and let Strava make every step of your fitness journey easier and more enjoyable. 1. What was Strava first designed for? A. Cycling. B. Walking. C. Running. D. Swimming. 2. What makes Strava special according to the text? A. It offers free coaching. B. It replaces smartwatches. C. It is mainly for athletes. D. It connects people together. 3. Why does Strava plan further development? A. To save more money. B. To attract more users. C. To offer a better experience. D. To get more cooperation. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍健身应用Strava的发展历程、独特优势、强大功能以及付费订阅服务和未来发展规划。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Strava is a widely popular fitness app that first appeared in 2009. It started as a fantastic tool for cycling enthusiasts and quickly won hearts around the world. (Strava是一款广受欢迎的健身应用，2009年首次问世。它最初是为骑行爱好者打造的出色工具，并迅速风靡全球。)”可知，Strava最初是为骑行设计的。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why Strava Stands Out部分中的“Unlike other simple fitness apps, Strava turns solo exercise into a fun social experience. You can follow your friends, give “Kudos” to cheer each other on, and share your exercise progress and achievements. (与其他简单的健身应用不同，Strava把独自锻炼变成有趣的社交体验。你可以关注好友，点赞互相鼓励，分享自己的运动进度与成果。)”可知，它的特别之处在于把人们联系在一起。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Upgrade for More部分中的“The company is planning for future development and will keep providing better, smarter and friendlier services for every user. (该公司正在规划未来发展，将持续为每一位用户提供更优质、更智能、更贴心的服务。)”可知，Strava规划进一步发展是为了提供更好的使用体验。 B In life, we often face challenges that seem impossible to overcome. But it is often during these tough times that tales of extraordinary bravery and perseverance surface. Cara Brookins’ story of changing her family’s lives is an example of this. Cara Brookins, a mother of four, found herself emotionally tired after ending her unlucky marriage. With limited money, finding a suitable home for her four children seemed impossible. Therefore, she made a plan to build their own home from scratch, even though the idea seemed unconventional and a little crazy. Cara purchased a one-acre plot of land and secured a construction loan of approximately $150,000. But completing their home was far from easy. Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses. However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience. To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night. Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete. Nine months later, the Brookins family moved into their new five-bedroom home, which they named the Inkwell Manor. For Cara Brookins, building their own shelter was not something to be proud of. However, it turned out to be the most encouraging thing she could have done for herself and her children. Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it. 4. What eventually helped Cara clear up her confusion in building techniques? A. Her determination to reunite her family. B. The skills she learned through online courses. C. Her reflection on her building experience. D. The guidance of the experienced firefighter. 5. Which best describes Cara in rebuilding her house? A. Intelligent and creative. B. Devoted and modest. C. Knowledgeable and patient. D. Professional and thoughtful. 6. What does paragraph 4 show about the Inkwell Manor? A. It improved Cara’s relationship with her children. B. It reflected advanced home building technology. C. It was an example of creative house design. D. It was the fruit of the family’s joint efforts 7. What did Cara learn through her experience? A. Where there’s a will there’s a way. B. Adversity is the midwife of genius. C. Sharp tools make good work. D. It’s never too late to learn. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述单亲妈妈卡拉历经艰难，自学建房知识，携家人合力建成新居，并从中领悟坚持与目标的力量。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, the courses on YouTube were often confusing, and there were countless ways to approach a single task. Recognizing that, Cara decided to hire a part-time firefighter with building experience.(然而，YouTube上的课程常常令人困惑，一项任务有无数种完成方式。意识到这点后，卡拉决定聘请一名有建房经验的兼职消防员)”可知，经验丰富的消防员的指导帮她解决了建房技术上的困惑。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Without previous experience of building homes, Cara learned everything, from laying the foundations to running gas lines and setting up plumbing, through online courses.(卡拉没有建房经验，她通过网络课程学习了从打地基、铺设燃气管道到安装水暖设备的所有知识)”以及第四段中的“To balance work and study, Cara committed herself to the project, often working late into the night.(为平衡工作和学习，卡拉全身心投入建房项目，经常工作到深夜)”可知，卡拉踏实投入、潜心钻研，谦逊求学、踏实做事，兼具投入与谦逊的特质。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Fortunately, the Brookins family has a strong tradition of tackling challenges together as a family. Fifteen-year-old Drew assisted his mother in designing plans, while eleven-year-old Jada transported water from a neighbor’s pond. And Jada played a crucial role in mixing it with concrete.(幸运的是，布鲁金斯一家有着共同克服困难的优良传统。15岁的德鲁协助母亲设计图纸，11岁的杰达从邻居池塘运水，并在搅拌混凝土的工作中发挥了关键作用)”可知，这座新居是全家人共同努力的成果。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Through this experience, she has discovered that there is enormous power in setting a goal and persevering. She believes that anyone can achieve greatness if they decide on a single aim and take small steps towards it.(通过这次经历，她发现设定目标并坚持不懈拥有巨大的力量。她相信任何人只要确定一个目标并为之稳步前行，就能成就不凡)”可知，卡拉明白了有志者事竟成的道理。 C After giving a talk at Dartmouth, my undergraduate college, I made a familiar pilgrimage (朝圣): I walked past my dorm room, visited my favorite parts of the library, and went to put my hand on my old mailbox. Maybe you no longer need to kneel at the mailbox of your youth, but I do. The emotional gravity of that location still pulls. I found it easily (Hinman Post Office Box 99). I either forgot the combination to the lock or they changed it, probably because every alum (校友) who visited tried to see if it would work. My residence was about half a mile away but even on freezing days, I’d be desperate enough to check in the early morning and again in the late afternoon to see whether something waited there for me. Letters — handwritten, stamped and posted days or even weeks before they arrived — had the power to make me either wildly happy or sad. I longed for mail the way mystics (神秘家) long for voices from the mountaintops. Because my mailbox was on the lowest level, nearest to the floor, I literally had to get onto my knees to see whether my wishes would come true that day. The only things missing were clerical robes, a bell, and a candle to make it a fully religious scene. Handwritten letters, apparently, continue to capture the imagination. I remember the letters that changed my life. I remember when I got my college acceptances — and rejections. I remember the love letters — and rejections. I recall phrases from the acceptances by employers, agents and editors — with entire paragraphs from their rejections burned into my brain. In the days before everything was electronic, much arrived that you didn’t see coming. Seeing an envelope addressed in a familiar hand can still make my heart beat faster. That’s worth a first-class stamp. That’s worth a trip to the mailbox. The excitement of opening an envelope is too deep to renounce. Write a letter. Mail it! 8. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To clarify a concept. B. To advocate handwritten letters. C. To introduce a course. D. To share a speaking experience. 9. Why does the author mention "mystics" in paragraph 3? A. To give vivid descriptions. B. To better define a term. C. To explain a phenomenon. D. To provide more details. 10. What does the author want to demonstrate in paragraph 4? A. What impressed her most while at college. B. When she preferred to communicate by letter. C. How handwritten letters have impacted her life. D. What caused her to value handwritten letters most. 11. What does the underlined word "renounce" in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Experience. B. Understand. C. Recommend. D. Abandon. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述作者大学时期与旧邮箱的回忆，感慨手写信件独特魅力，呼吁人们写信寄信。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Write a letter. Mail it! (写一封信。把它寄出去！)”可知，作者回忆过往书信带来的种种感受，目的是倡导大家书写并邮寄手写信件。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I longed for mail the way mystics (神秘家) long for voices from the mountaintops. (我期盼信件，就如同神秘主义者渴望来自山顶的声音一般。)”可知，作者借用神秘主义者的渴望进行类比，生动形象地描绘出自己当初迫切盼望收到信件的心情。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I remember the letters that changed my life. I remember when I got my college acceptances — and rejections. I remember the love letters — and rejections. (我记得那些改变我人生的信件。我记得我收到大学录取通知——以及拒绝通知的时候。我记得那些情书——以及拒绝信。)”可知，本段列举各类信件，意在说明手写信件对作者人生产生的诸多影响。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Seeing an envelope addressed in a familiar hand can still make my heart beat faster. That’s worth a first-class stamp. That’s worth a trip to the mailbox. The excitement of opening an envelope is too deep to renounce. (看到一个用熟悉笔迹书写收件地址的信封，仍然可以让我的心跳加快。那值得一张一等邮票。那值得一趟去往邮箱的行程。拆开信封的激动太过强烈而无法renounce。)”可知，拆开信封的喜悦十分珍贵，是难以放弃的，由此可推断renounce含义为“放弃”。 D The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has brought wide-ranging opportunities across industries and transformed the way we live, work and interact. Yet, like earlier technological revolutions, AI is accompanied by ethical challenges, including algorithmic (算法) discrimination, deepfake content and highly autonomous decision-making. These risks make it necessary to carry out ethical supervision immediately so that AI can be developed and used responsibly. In response, the Chinese government has introduced a trial guideline on the ethics review and service of AI technology, which offers clear guidance and marks a critical step forward in AI governance. Ethical governance of AI is a moral imperative (要紧的事), as AI may deeply affect human well-being, fairness, transparency and privacy. The guideline prioritizes three key areas for ethical review: hybrid (混合) systems influencing human behavior, emotions and health; algorithmic models shaping public opinion; and high-autonomy automated decision-making systems involving safety and health risks. It is designed to encourage innovation while reducing risks, supporting the participation of universities, research institutions and enterprises in establishing ethical standards and building an ethics service system featuring risk monitoring, testing and certification. This helps improve ethical integrity and lower rule-following costs, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. The guideline is part of China’s broader effort to strengthen technology ethics governance, following earlier initiatives and agreeing with the commitment to responsible innovation. It works with the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law and the Personal Information Protection Law to form a comprehensive governance framework. The guideline also defines six core ethical review areas: human well-being, fairness and justice, controllability and trustworthiness, transparency and explainability, accountability and traceability, and privacy protection, with clear implementation procedures. Ethical oversight of AI is not a barrier to innovation but a necessary safeguard for responsible progress. This guideline demonstrates China’s leading role in AI governance, showing that development and governance can complement each other to build a sustainable, ethical digital future. 12. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. AI has transformed work and interaction. B. Revolutions always cause ethical problems. C. Algorithmic discrimination challenges AI. D. AI development calls for ethical supervision. 13. What is the purpose of the AI ethics review guideline? A. To respond to market demands. B. To prioritize high-risk areas first. C. To guide the healthy development of AI. D. To fill legal gaps in AI governance. 14. Which of the following best describes the guideline? A. It is systematic and well-organized. B. It is a temporary measure with little effect. C. It adds new requirements to existing laws. D. It is currently being tested on a small scale. 15. What is implied in the last paragraph? A. Oversight removes AI barriers. B. Development and governance go together. C. Oversight means innovation leadership. D. Progress and oversight should be balanced. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国发布《人工智能科技伦理审查与服务办法（试行）》的背景、目的与核心内容，阐述了该指南在鼓励创新与防范风险之间寻求平衡的设计理念，以及它与中国现有法律框架共同构成综合治理体系的重要意义，最终强调伦理治理与创新发展可以相辅相成。 【12题详解】 段落大意题。第一段“The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has brought wide-ranging opportunities across industries and transformed the way we live, work and interact.(人工智能的快速发展为各行各业带来了广泛的机会，改变了我们的生活、工作和互动方式。)”先指出人工智能带来了广泛机遇，随后“Yet, like earlier technological revolutions, AI is accompanied by ethical challenges, including algorithmic (算法) discrimination, deepfake content and highly autonomous decision-making. These risks make it necessary to carry out ethical supervision immediately so that AI can be developed and used responsibly.(然而，与早期的技术革命一样，人工智能也伴随着伦理挑战，包括算法歧视、深度伪造内容和高度自主的决策。这些风险使得有必要立即进行道德监督，以便负责任地开发和使用人工智能。)”以“Yet”转折，指出AI也伴随着算法歧视、深度伪造等伦理挑战，最后点明段落核心结论：这些风险使得伦理监管刻不容缓。D项“AI发展需要伦理监管”准确概括了这一主旨。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“These risks make it necessary to carry out ethical supervision immediately so that AI can be developed and used responsibly.(这些风险使得有必要立即进行道德监督，以便负责任地开发和使用人工智能。)”和第三段中“It is designed to encourage innovation while reducing risks(它旨在鼓励创新，同时降低风险)”可知，该指南的核心目的是在鼓励创新的同时降低风险，即引导人工智能健康、负责任地发展。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The guideline is part of China’s broader effort to strengthen technology ethics governance, following earlier initiatives and agreeing with the commitment to responsible innovation. It works with the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law and the Personal Information Protection Law to form a comprehensive governance framework.(该指南是中国加强技术伦理治理的更广泛努力的一部分，遵循了早期的倡议，并同意对负责任创新的承诺。它与《网络安全法》、《数据安全法》和《个人信息保护法》合作，形成了一个全面的治理框架。)”和第五段“The guideline also defines six core ethical review areas: human well-being, fairness and justice, controllability and trustworthiness, transparency and explainability, accountability and traceability, and privacy protection, with clear implementation procedures.(该指南还定义了六个核心伦理审查领域：人类福祉、公平正义、可控性和可信度、透明度和可解释性、问责制和可追溯性以及隐私保护，并制定了明确的实施程序。)”可知，该指南与《网络安全法》《数据安全法》《个人信息保护法》协同形成综合治理框架，并且其界定了人类福祉、公平正义等六个核心伦理审查领域，并制定了清晰的实施程序。可见该指南内容全面、结构严密，具有系统性与组织性。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段中“Ethical oversight of AI is not a barrier to innovation but a necessary safeguard for responsible progress.(对人工智能的伦理监督不是创新的障碍，而是负责任进步的必要保障。)”明确否定了伦理监管与创新对立的关系；“This guideline demonstrates China’s leading role in AI governance, showing that development and governance can complement each other to build a sustainable, ethical digital future.(该指导意见展示了中国在人工智能治理方面的主导作用，表明发展和治理可以相辅相成，以建立一个可持续的、道德的数字未来。)”强调发展与治理可以互补共进。由此可推测，最后一段暗示发展和治理是相辅相成、共同推进的。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Understanding the mechanisms behind habit formation has long been a subject of scientific inquiry. The human brain is a highly adaptable organ, capable of rewiring itself in response to experiences and actions. ____16____ Therefore, by using advanced neurotechnology, scientists are now exploring ways to improve these cognitive transformations. Habits are created through a process known as reinforcement learning, which heavily involves the brain’s reward system. When we engage in a behavior that results in a positive outcome, a chemical called dopamine is released. This process strengthens the neural (神经) pathways associated with that behavior. Over time, they become so automatic that the behavior requires little conscious effort. ____17____ To break a bad habit, the brain must overrule existing neural pathways and replace them with new ones. ____18____ For instance, people can consciously introduce alternative behaviors that offer similar rewards, or use cognitive strategies to change negative thought patterns. In addition, emerging technologies like neurofeedback can provide real-time data on brainwaves. By observing these patterns, individuals can actively train themselves to reduce the stress and impulsivity (冲动) that often result in bad habits. ____19____ The key to success lies in creating a positive feedback loop (回路) that reinforces the new behavior over time. As a new routine is repeated step by step, small rewards trigger the brain’s pleasure center, gradually making the action feel natural. Consequently, the future of habit change will rely less on mere willpower. ____20____ With the help of technology, humans can better use the brain’s natural ability to adapt and create lasting, positive change. A. Instead, it will depend more on scientific tools. B. Breaking a bad habit has nothing to do with brain changes. C. This ability helps both break bad habits and build healthy ones. D. This difficult task requires interrupting the established reward cycle. E. By contrast, building new habits requires repetition and consistent efforts. F. Individuals can adjust their brain activity to achieve specific mental states. G. However, this same automaticity makes breaking unwanted habits challenging. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了习惯形成的脑机制，并探讨如何借助科学技术破除坏习惯、建立新习惯。 【16题详解】 上文“The human brain is a highly adaptable organ, capable of rewiring itself in response to experiences and actions.(人类的大脑是一个高度适应力强的器官，能够根据经历和行为重新连接自身的神经通路)”指出大脑具有根据经历和行为重塑神经通路的能力。C选项“This ability helps both break bad habits and build healthy ones.(这种能力既有助于破除坏习惯，也有助于养成健康的习惯)”承接上文，句中“This ability”指代上文大脑可重塑神经通路的适应能力，同时引出下文“Therefore, by using advanced neurotechnology, scientists are now exploring ways to improve these cognitive transformations.(因此，通过使用先进的神经技术，科学家们正在探索改善这些认知转变的方法)”，上下文逻辑衔接顺畅。 【17题详解】 上文“Over time, they become so automatic that the behavior requires little conscious effort.(随着时间推移，这些神经通路会变得高度自动化，以至于对应行为几乎不需要意识层面的努力)”说明习惯形成后，行为会具备自动性的特点。G选项“However, this same automaticity makes breaking unwanted habits challenging.(然而，正是这种自动性让破除不良习惯变得颇具挑战)”与上文形成转折，句中“this same automaticity”指代上文提到的习惯行为无需刻意思考的自动特性，同时引出下文关于如何破除坏习惯的内容，过渡自然。 【18题详解】 上文“To break a bad habit, the brain must overrule existing neural pathways and replace them with new ones.(要破除坏习惯，大脑必须推翻已有的神经通路，并用新的神经通路将其取代)”点明破除坏习惯需要改造原有神经通路。D选项“This difficult task requires interrupting the established reward cycle.(这项艰巨的任务需要打断已经形成的奖赏循环)”承接上文，句中“This difficult task”指代上文推翻并替换原有神经通路的过程，同时呼应第二段中提到的习惯由奖赏机制强化形成的逻辑，也能引出下文“For instance, people can consciously introduce alternative behaviors that offer similar rewards...(例如，人们可以有意识地采取能提供相似奖赏的替代行为……)”列举的具体方法，上下文语意连贯。 【19题详解】 本段后文“The key to success lies in creating a positive feedback loop (回路) that reinforces the new behavior over time. As a new routine is repeated step by step, small rewards trigger the brain’s pleasure center, gradually making the action feel natural.(成功的关键在于建立一个积极反馈回路，随时间不断强化新行为。随着新的常规行为被一步步重复，微小的奖赏会激活大脑的愉悦中枢，逐渐让这个行为变得自然)”具体介绍了培养新习惯的方法。E选项“By contrast, building new habits requires repetition and consistent efforts.(与之相对，建立新习惯需要重复和持续的努力)”符合语境，通过“By contrast”与上文破除坏习惯的内容形成对比，总起本段建立新习惯的相关论述，与后文的“repeated step by step”等内容形成呼应。 【20题详解】 上文“Consequently, the future of habit change will rely less on mere willpower.(因此，未来改变习惯将更少地单纯依赖意志力)”说明未来习惯改变对意志力的依赖会降低。A选项“Instead, it will depend more on scientific tools.(相反，它将更多地依赖科学工具)”与上文形成对比并列，句中“it”指代“the future of habit change”，同时呼应上文提到的神经技术、神经反馈等科技手段，也引出下文“With the help of technology, humans can better use the brain’s natural ability to adapt and create lasting, positive change.(在科技的帮助下，人类可以更好地利用大脑天生的适应能力，创造持久、积极的改变)”，上下文逻辑紧密。 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Coffee shops are cool, but in Wilmington, Bitty & Beau’s Coffee enjoys a good reputation for its warmth. At the heart of the shop’s popularity is its ____21____ staff: Almost everyone has an intellectual disability. The coffee shop was opened in 2016 by Amy Wright and her husband, ____22____ by two of her four children Beau and Bitty, who have Down syndrome (唐氏症). When the couple discovered that most disabled people could never find an employer willing to give them a(n) ____23____, they resolved to do something. “It ____24____ me like lightning: a coffee shop!” Wright said. “It would be the perfect environment for bringing people together. Seeing the staff ____25____ customers at the door, preparing food, serving orders and cleaning tables, people would realize how ____26____ they are.” When the shop opened, it immediately became a hit, with ____27____ out the door. National press attention ____28____, and six months later, it had to move to a ____29____ space. Today, the store employs 40 people with disabilities, who are really good at their jobs. What makes Amy most proud is the ____30____ it has built in the community. “Every day, people say, ‘You’ve made my day. Thank you.’ That’s a feeling of happiness most people don’t get elsewhere, and it’s what ____31____ people back here,” she said. “This is a place where people can ____32____ with those with disabilities and realize how much more alike we are than different. It’s ____33____ a cup of coffee. It’s a human rights movement. It has given our employees the respect and a sense of being ____34____ that they deserve. For many employees, it’s their first job, and their ____35____ fills the air.” 21. A. gifted B. unique C. dynamic D. enterprising 22. A. started B. guided C. sponsored D. inspired 23. A. break B. interview C. promotion D. reward 24. A. encouraged B. impacted C. alarmed D. struck 25. A. greeting B. finding C. observing D. gathering 26. A. capable B. sincere C. productive D. modest 27. A. guards B. signs C. lines D. activities 28. A. responded B. followed C. agreed D. ceased 29. A. nearer B. larger C. cheaper D. quieter 30. A. tradition B. background C. balance D. bridge 31. A. draws B. forces C. holds D. calls 32. A. work B. compete C. debate D. interact 33. A. something like B. anything but C. more than D. nothing but 34. A. valued B. protected C. doubted D. ignored 35. A. patience B. ambition C. delight D. humor 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了美国威尔明顿的Bitty & Beau’s咖啡店以雇佣智力障碍员工为特色而广受欢迎的故事，体现了尊重与温暖。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这家店受欢迎的核心在于其独特的员工：几乎每个人都患有智力障碍。A. gifted有天赋的；B. unique独特的；C. dynamic有活力的；D. enterprising有进取心的。根据下文“Almost everyone has an intellectual disability”可知，这构成了该店与众不同的特色。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：这家咖啡店由艾米·赖特和她的丈夫于2016年创办，灵感来自他们四个孩子中两个患有唐氏症的孩子博和比蒂。A. started创办；B. guided指导；C. sponsored赞助；D. inspired启发。根据上文“The coffee shop was opened in 2016 by Amy Wright and her husband”可知开店主体是两夫妇。根据下文“by two of her four children Beau and Bitty, who have Down syndrome”说明夫妇是因为什么动机开的店：正是这两个患有唐氏症的孩子，“激发”他们萌生了开咖啡店、为残障人士创造工作机会的念头。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：当这对夫妇发现大多数残障人士永远找不到愿意给他们面试机会的雇主时，他们决心做点什么。A. break休息；B. interview面试；C. promotion晋升；D. reward奖励。根据上文“most disabled people could never find an employer”可知，他们缺少的是获得工作的机会，即愿意给他们“面试”的雇主。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：“一家咖啡店！这个想法如闪电般击中了我。”赖特说。A. encouraged鼓励；B. impacted影响；C. alarmed使惊恐；D. struck击中。根据下文“like lightning: a coffee shop”可知，这个想法如闪电般击中了赖特。strike sb. like lightning是固定表达，意为“如闪电般突然触动某人”。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：看到员工们在门口问候顾客、准备食物、上餐和清理桌子，人们会意识到他们多么有能力。A. greeting问候；B. finding发现；C. observing观察；D. gathering聚集。服务员接待客人的常见动作，与“preparing food, serving orders and cleaning tables”三个动作并列，且提到“at the door”，所以这里用greeting来表示问候顾客。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：看到员工们在门口问候顾客、准备食物、上餐和清理桌子，人们会意识到他们多么有能力。A. capable有能力的；B. sincere真诚的；C. productive高效的；D. modest谦虚的。根据上文“preparing food, serving orders and cleaning tables”员工能熟练地接待顾客、做饭、上菜、清理桌子可知，人们由此意识到他们有能力胜任工作。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：这家店一开张就立即大受欢迎，门口排起了长队。A. guards警卫；B. signs标志；C. lines队伍；D. activities 活动。根据上文“it immediately became a hit”以及下文“out the door”可知，门口排起了长队。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：全国媒体的关注接踵而至，六个月后，它不得不搬到更大的空间。A. responded回应；B. followed跟随；C. agreed同意；D. ceased 停止。根据上文“When the shop opened, it immediately became a hit”可知，店铺生意火爆，影响迅速扩大，说明媒体的关注也“随之而来”。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：全国媒体的关注接踵而至，六个月后，它不得不搬到更大的空间。A. nearer更近的；B. larger更大的；C. cheaper更便宜的；D. quieter更安静的。根据上文“When the shop opened, it immediately became a hit”可知，店铺大受欢迎、生意火爆可知，需要更宽敞的空间来容纳顾客。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：最让艾米自豪的是它在社区里搭建的桥梁。A. tradition传统；B. background背景；C. balance平衡；D. bridge桥梁。根据下文“it has built in the community”可知，这家以雇佣残障员工的咖啡店建立在社区，还广受好评，其意义便是把普通人与残障人士连接到一起，后文也强调“realize how much more alike we are than different”由此可知，这家店在社区里架起了一座沟通的“桥梁”。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：那是一种大多数人在别处得不到的幸福感，也正是这种幸福感把人们吸引回这里。A. draws吸引；B. forces迫使；C. holds握住；D. calls召唤。根据上文“That’s a feeling of happiness most people don’t get elsewhere”可知，店铺的幸福感把人们“吸引”回来；draw sb. back表示“把某人吸引回来”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：这是一个人们可以与残障人士互动并意识到我们相似之处远多于不同之处的地方。A. work工作；B. compete竞争；C. debate辩论；D. interact互动。根据后文“realize how much more alike we are than different”可知，在这家特别的咖啡店人们相互交流互动，才能意识到我们（和残疾人之间）相似之处更多。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：它不仅仅是一杯咖啡，更是一场人权运动。A. something like有点像；B. anything but绝不是；C. more than不仅仅是；D. nothing but仅仅。根据下文“It’s a human rights movement”可知，这家店的意义不仅仅是一杯咖啡本身。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：它给了员工们应有的尊重和被重视的感觉。A. valued重视；B. protected保护；C. doubted怀疑；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“It has given our employees the respect”可知，员工感到被重视。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：对许多员工来说，这是他们的第一份工作，他们的欢乐弥漫在空气中。A. patience耐心；B. ambition雄心；C. delight快乐；D. humor幽默。根据上文“It has given our employees the respect”可知，员工受到应有的尊重，他们的“喜悦”自然洋溢而出。delight fills the air意为“欢乐充满空气、喜气洋洋”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the China Umbrella Museum in Hangzhou, West Lake silk umbrellas are displayed as a ____36____ (remark) example of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. Recognized _____37_____ part of China’s intangible cultural heritage in 2008, this art form reflects both technical skill ____38____ deep cultural meaning. Silk umbrellas are made through a complex process ____39____ combines bamboo frame construction, silk covering, and artistic decoration. Thin bamboo is made into a frame, then covered with silk and decorated by painting, embroidery (刺绣), and dyeing. Usually, scenes inspired by the West Lake, such as misty bridges, flowing water, and seasonal landscapes, ____40____ (represent) in soft and poetic forms. ____41____ makes the umbrella unique is not only its appearance, but also its symbolic meaning. The circular shape stands for ____42____ (harmonious) and completeness in Chinese culture, while the combination of bamboo and silk reflects the unity of strength and softness. When ____43____ (unfold), it looks like a painting in motion. When you close the umbrella, it returns to the simplicity of natural bamboo, ____44____ (show) a balance between art and function. More importantly, the umbrella carries the cultural memory of Jiangnan water towns. It is not simply a tool for protection, but a carrier of aesthetic values and traditional philosophy. With renewed interest in intangible cultural heritage, this ancient craft continues to be preserved, and that enables Chinese artistic wisdom ____45____ (carry) forward in modern society. 【答案】36. remarkable 37. as 38. and 39. that##which 40. are represented 41. What 42. harmony 43. unfolded 44. showing 45. to be carried 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍杭州西湖丝绸伞这一非物质文化遗产，讲述其制作工序、象征意义以及该传统技艺在当代的传承。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在杭州的中国伞博物馆里，西湖丝绸伞被展出，是中国传统工艺的一个杰出范例。本空修饰名词example，作定语，用形容词remarkable“杰出的，引人注目的”。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这门技艺在2008年被认定为中国非物质文化遗产，既体现工艺技巧，又蕴含深厚的文化内涵。短语be recognized as表示“被认定为……”，过去分词作状语，用介词as。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：这门技艺在2008年被认定为中国非物质文化遗产，既体现工艺技巧，又蕴含深厚的文化内涵。短语both... and...意为“既……又……”。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：丝绸伞的制作工序繁复，包含竹骨架搭建、丝绸覆面以及艺术装饰。本空引导定语从句，先行词process表示事物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that引导。 【40题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：通常，以西湖为灵感的景致，如烟雨石桥、潺潺流水、四季风物，都以柔和诗意的形式得以呈现。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语scenes和represent是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：让这把伞独具特色的不仅是它的外观，还有它的象征意义。本空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，用what引导，首字母大写。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：圆形在中国文化中象征和谐与圆满，而竹与丝的结合则体现了刚柔相济的统一。作介词的宾语，用名词harmony。 【43题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当伞被撑开时，它就像一幅流动的画卷。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语为it时，且从句含“主语 + be动词”的结构，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。when引导的时间状语从句省略了it is，逻辑主语 it（umbrella）与unfold是被动关系，用过去分词unfolded。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当你收拢雨伞，它回归竹子质朴的本色，展现出艺术与实用之间的平衡。本空作伴随状语，逻辑主语it和show是主动关系，用现在分词。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着人们重新关注非物质文化遗产，这项古老工艺不断得到保护，使得中华艺术智慧在现代社会得以传承。enable sth. to do sth.“使某物做某事”，且wisdom与carry forward是被动关系，用不定式的被动to be carried。 第三部分　写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校外教David打算带领学生创办每周英语视频播客，现在正在征求学生意见，需要从以下两个主题中选择一个作为播客的主题：“Emotional Outlets (解忧树洞)”和“Career Planning (职业规划)”。请你写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．你的选择； 2．你推荐的理由。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear David, Knowing that you are collecting ideas for the school weekly English podcast, I am writing to recommend the theme “Emotional Outlets”. It is widely acknowledged that students in our school are burdened with heavy study pressure, which often brings us anxiety and negative moods. What we badly need is a reliable channel to release our inner pressure. This podcast perfectly serves as a warm emotional outlet for us students. We can share our troubles and feelings in English. Only by relieving stress properly can we keep passionate about study and life. I hope my suggestion will be helpful. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生从“Emotional Outlets (解忧树洞)”和“Career Planning (职业规划)”两个播客主题中选择一个，向外教 David 推荐每周英语播客主题，并说明推荐的理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 可靠的：reliable→dependable 缓解：relieve→ease 压力：stress→pressure 建议：suggestion→proposal 2.句式拓展   简单句变复合句 原句：This podcast perfectly serves as a warm emotional outlet for us students.   拓展句：Not only does this podcast serve as a warm emotional outlet for us students, but it also creates a space where we can be heard and understood. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is widely acknowledged that senior high students are burdened with heavy study pressure, which often brings us anxiety and negative moods.(运用了It作形式主语代替that引导的主语从句，以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)   【高分句型2】Only by relieving stress properly can we keep passionate about study and life.(运用了“Only+状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装结构) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。 It was a snowy afternoon as I waved goodbye to my daughters at the school gate. A random thought struck me — what if I walked backward all the way home? The strange idea of moving forward while facing the path I’d left behind fascinated me, so I stepped backward without second thought. A few snowflakes landed on my eyelashes, making me blink. Snow covered the whole street, making backward walking far harder than usual. My pace slowed drastically. Normally I rushed everywhere, my mind always wandering ahead: I’d reach the school physically yet fret (担心) over unplugging my wife’s hair dryer back home. This slow backward walk forced my racing mind to settle down. Worse still, I lost sight of the road forward. I had to rely on my ears to catch approaching cars and my feet to feel uneven snow ground, awakening senses I rarely used and turning the familiar daily route into an unknown adventure. I stuck to this silly experiment all the way, gradually realizing the most lovely views were the ones I’d already passed. While wandering slowly, I worried passers-by would think me weird. I even spotted an elderly grandma walking toward me in the distance, her eyes fixed curiously on my strange movements. A bird called twice from a bare branch above, as if commenting on my foolishness. Deep inside, I wondered how to explain my odd behavior if she came over to ask. Yet I also felt a quiet warmth, realizing looking back lets us value all past hardships and sweet memories that shape ourselves. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 Halfway home, the kind grandma drew near and stopped in front of me, a confused look on her face. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I finally arrived at my front door and turned around to gaze at the long snow-covered road. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Halfway home, the kind grandma drew near and stopped in front of me, a confused look on her face. “Young man, are you lost?” she asked gently. I chuckled awkwardly. “No, Grandma. I’m just walking backward for fun,” I admitted. To my surprise, she burst into warm laughter. “What a delightful idea! You must be seeing the world in a new way,” she said, patting my arm. Her unexpected approval lifted my embarrassment. We chatted briefly about her childhood memories of playing in the snow. As she continued on her way, she turned and waved, “Keep looking back — sometimes the past holds the most precious views!” I finally arrived at my front door and turned around to gaze at the long snow-covered road. My backward footprints stretched like a dotted line through the white blanket. My ears, still alert, caught the crunch of a distant car — a sound I would have missed in my usual rush. Having safely reached home, I could finally see the whole road. I realized I had missed so many details: snow sparkling on branches, a neighbour’s quiet garden. Walking backward wasn’t about retreating — it was about honoring where I’d been. I smiled, turned around, and opened my door, carrying quiet joy with fresh eyes. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了讲述了一个下雪的下午，作者在学校门口和女儿道别后，突发奇想决定倒着走路回家。雪地倒走十分艰难，这让平时行色匆匆的作者内心沉静下来，依靠听觉和触觉感受周遭环境。路上作者担心路人觉得自己怪异，还远远看到一位老奶奶朝自己走来，作者内心纠结该如何解释自己怪异的行为，同时感悟回望可以让人珍惜塑造自我的过往苦难与美好回忆。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“走到半路，善良的老奶奶走近我，停在我面前，脸上带着困惑的神情。”可知，第一段可描写作者面对老奶奶时的尴尬，向老奶奶解释自己倒走的缘由，老奶奶出乎意料地理解并给予鼓励，之后老奶奶离开。 ②由第二段首句内容“我终于来到自家门前，转过身凝望着这条被白雪覆盖的漫漫长路。”可知，第二段可描写作者到家后回望雪地脚印，回想这次倒走经历的所见所闻，感悟倒走的真正意义，带着全新的感悟开门回家。 2.续写线索：老奶奶询问 —— 作者尴尬解释 —— 老奶奶理解鼓励 —— 老奶奶离开 ——回想旅途见闻 —— 感悟道理 —— 带着喜悦回家 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①承认：admit/acknowledge ②闲谈：chat briefly/have a short talk ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②喜悦：joy/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] As she continued on her way, she turned and waved, “Keep looking back — sometimes the past holds the most precious views!” (运用了由as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] My ears, still alert, caught the crunch of a distant car — a sound I would have missed in my usual rush. (运用了由关系代词which/that引导的限制性定语从句，省略了which/that) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $