Unit 3 Same or Different（单元话题阅读任务单）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 3 Same or Different话题阅读任务单 Unit 3 Same or Different话题定位 本单元围绕“异同比较与尊重差异”这一主题展开，该主题与课标“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“良好的人际关系与人际交往”及“人与自我”主题范畴中的子话题“自我认知与自我成长”密切相关。通过前两个单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述家庭生活与个人经历的语言能力，能够运用一般现在时和一般过去时表达个人体验。本单元将视角从“家庭”转向“更广泛的人际关系”，引导学生认识人与人之间的相似性与差异性，理解“和而不同、共同成长”的价值理念。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用比较级和同级比较结构描述人与事物的特征，表达对友谊中相似与差异的看法，并在自我审视中感悟成长。本单元的大问题“How do we compare with each other?”启发学生从“人物特征对比”“人际关系探讨”“自我成长反思”三个维度，理解比较的语言形式与差异的深层意义。Section A和Section B分别以“How are we different from each other?”和“How do we understand differences?”两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A首先呈现校园音乐节、双胞胎对比等真实情境，让学生通过听说活动学会运用形容词和副词的比较级（如more outgoing, taller等）以及“as... as”同级比较结构，聚焦描述人物外貌、性格与能力的核心目标语言。Section B的阅读语篇以论坛讨论的形式呈现Matt和Diana关于“朋友应相似还是不同”的两种观点及论据，引导学生辩证思考人际关系中的异同，认识到相似性带来共鸣与默契，差异性则促进学习与成长。写作环节要求学生梳理个人观点、理由和实例，完成一篇关于友谊异同的短文。本部分侧重探讨差异对个人认知、人际交往和情感发展的价值，帮助学生形成开放包容的友谊观和积极的人生观 Passage A The Four Skillful Brothers — Adapted from Grimm‘s Fairy Tales 导读：《格林童话》中的《四个聪明的兄弟》讲述了一个关于差异与合作的经典故事。一个贫穷的父亲让四个儿子出门学艺，四个兄弟各自学到了独特的本领——老大能望见千里之外，老二能跑得飞快，老三能百发百中，老四能缝补任何东西。当公主被巨龙抓走时，四兄弟各展所长、齐心协力，成功救回了公主。这个故事告诉我们：每个人都有自己的长处，差异不是障碍，而是合作与成功的基石。 体裁：经典童话改编　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Once upon a time, a poor man had four sons. When the sons grew up, the father said, “My dear children, you must go out into the world and learn a trade.” The four brothers took their walking sticks and set off together. At a crossroads, they went in four different directions. After many years, they met again at the same crossroads. Each brother had learned a special skill. The first brother could see farther than anyone else. He could see things a thousand miles away. The second brother could run as fast as the wind. The third brother could shoot better than any hunter. He never missed his target. The fourth brother could sew anything together, even something as soft as a leaf. One day, the first brother looked into the distance and saw that a dragon had taken the king’s daughter. The king was very sad and promised a great reward to anyone who could save the princess. The four brothers decided to help. The first brother saw where the dragon was hiding. The second brother ran as quickly as he could and carried the others to the dragon’s cave. The third brother shot the dragon and freed the princess. But the dragon broke the ship into pieces. The fourth brother sewed the ship back together as perfectly as new. The king was so happy that he gave each brother a reward. The four brothers learned an important lesson: alone, each of them was strong, but together, they were even stronger. 【重难生词】 1. trade n. 手艺；行业 例句：He learned the trade of a carpenter.（他学会了木匠的手艺。） 2. crossroads n. 十字路口 例句：Turn left at the next crossroads.（在下一个十字路口左转。） 3. distance n. 距离；远方 例句：The mountain can be seen from a great distance.（从很远处就能看到这座山。） 4. target n. 目标；靶子 例句：He hit the target every time.（他每次都击中靶子。） 5. sew v. 缝；缝补 例句：She sewed the button onto the shirt.（她把扣子缝在衬衫上。） 6. dragon n. 龙 例句：The dragon in the story has wings and can breathe fire.（故事中的龙有翅膀，还能喷火。） 7. reward n. 奖赏；报酬 例句：He received a reward for finding the lost dog.（他因找到走失的狗而获得奖赏。） 8. cave n. 洞穴 例句：The bear slept in a cave all winter.（熊在洞穴里睡了一整个冬天。） 9. perfectly adv. 完美地；完全地 例句：She sings perfectly in tune.（她唱歌完全合调。） 10. alone adv. 独自地；单独地 例句：He lives alone in a small apartment.（他独自住在一间小公寓里。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The four brothers went in different directions at the __________. 2. The third brother never missed his __________. 3. A __________ took the king’s daughter away. 4. The king promised a great __________ to anyone who could save the princess. 5. The four brothers learned that __________ they were strong, but together they were stronger. 【长难句分析】 第1句： The second brother could run as fast as the wind. · 翻译： 老二跑得和风一样快。 · 重点： 这是一个as... as... 同级比较结构，表示“和……一样……”。as fast as 中，第一个 as 是副词，修饰 fast；第二个 as 是连词，引导比较对象 the wind。该结构的基本形式为 as + 形容词/副词原级 + as，否定形式为 not as/so... as（不如……）。本句中 could run 表示能力上的比较。 第2句： Alone, each of them was strong, but together, they were even stronger. · 翻译： 单独一个人，他们每个人都很强大，但团结在一起，他们更加强大。 · 重点： 这是一个由 but 连接的并列复合句。Alone 和 together 都是副词，分别置于句首作状语，形成对比。前半句中 each of them 作主语，谓语用单数 was。后半句中 even 修饰比较级 stronger，表示“更加强大”，even 常用来加强比较级的语气。整句话是全文的主题句，点明了“差异带来互补、合作成就更大力量”的核心寓意，直接呼应单元主题“Same or Different”。 【中文翻译】 从前，一个穷人有个四个儿子。儿子们长大后，父亲说：“亲爱的孩子们，你们必须出门去学一门手艺。”四兄弟拿着手杖，一起出发了。在一个十字路口，他们朝着四个不同的方向走去。 许多年后，他们在同一个十字路口再次相遇。每个兄弟都学会了一项特殊的本领。老大比任何人都看得更远，能看到千里之外的东西。老二跑得和风一样快。老三比任何猎人都射得准，他从不脱靶。老四能把任何东西缝在一起，甚至像树叶一样柔软的东西。 有一天，老大望向远方，看到一条龙抓走了国王的女儿。国王非常伤心，承诺给任何能救回公主的人一份丰厚的奖赏。 四兄弟决定帮忙。老大看到了龙藏身的地方。老二跑得尽可能快，把其他人带到了龙的洞穴。老三射中了龙，救出了公主。但龙把船打成了碎片。老四把船缝了回去，像新的一样完美。 国王非常高兴，给了每个兄弟一份奖赏。四兄弟学到了重要的一课：单独一个人，他们每个人都很强大，但团结在一起，他们更加强大。 Passage B My Mirror and My Window — A Story About Friendship 导读：你的好朋友和你一样吗？还是和你有很大的不同？这篇文章的作者有一个性格截然不同的好朋友Leo。作者安静内向，喜欢在图书馆度过雨天；Leo外向开朗，是派对上的开心果。看起来完全相反的两个人，却成了最好的朋友。他们是如何互补的？差异如何让友谊更加丰富？阅读下文，思考单元大问题“How do we compare with each other?”，看看作者从这段友谊中悟出了什么道理。 体裁：时文阅读（记叙文）　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约215词 If you compare my best friend Leo and me, you’ll see obvious differences. I‘m the quiet bookworm who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library, while Leo is the life of any party — his laughter is louder than the music. Our characters seem opposite: I think more carefully before acting, whereas Leo makes decisions more quickly. Yet our friendship works perfectly. When I joined the school basketball team — a braver choice than I’d ever made — Leo became my most supportive coach. “You‘re becoming more confident!” he cheered after my first game. Though he scores higher in arts classes, he never boasts. “You explain science more clearly than anyone,” he often says. Our biggest test came during the group science fair. Leo wanted a more spectacular volcano experiment, while I preferred a simpler but more accurate model. At first, we argued intensely. “Different approaches don’t mean one is better,” Leo finally declared. We compromised: his creative design with my precise measurements. The project won second prize — stronger than we‘d expected! This taught me a valuable lesson: differences aren’t walls but bridges. Leo‘s boldness makes my world brighter, and my carefulness helps him avoid bigger mistakes. Comparing us shows how different pieces fit together perfectly. After all, shouldn’t friendship be richer when colors contrast? 【重难生词】 1. compare v. 比较 例句：If you compare the two pictures, you will find some differences.（如果你比较这两幅画，你会发现一些不同。） 2. obvious adj. 明显的 例句：It was obvious that she was very happy.（很明显她非常高兴。） 3. character n. 性格；品质 例句：She has a kind and gentle character.（她性格善良温和。） 4. opposite adj. 相反的；对面的 例句：He sat on the opposite side of the table.（他坐在桌子的对面。） 5. supportive adj. 支持的；给予帮助的 例句：My parents are very supportive of my decision.（我父母非常支持我的决定。） 6. boast v. 吹嘘；炫耀 例句：He likes to boast about his new car.（他喜欢炫耀他的新车。） 7. spectacular adj. 壮观的；引人注目的 例句：The fireworks display was spectacular.（烟花表演非常壮观。） 8. accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 例句：The weather forecast is not always accurate.（天气预报并不总是准确的。） 9. compromise v. 妥协；折中 例句：We compromised and agreed to meet halfway.（我们妥协了，同意各让一步。） 10. contrast v. 形成对比；对照 例句：The white dress contrasts with her dark hair.（白色的裙子与她的黑发形成了对比。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. If you __________ the two brothers, you will see they are very different. 2. It was __________ that Leo was the more outgoing one. 3. My parents are very __________ of my decision to join the basketball team. 4. He never __________ about his high grades. 5. We __________ and decided to combine both of our ideas. 【长难句分析】 第1句： I‘m the quiet bookworm who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library, while Leo is the life of any party — his laughter is louder than the music. · 翻译： 我是那个安静的“书虫”，喜欢在图书馆度过下雨的下午；而利奥是任何派对上的灵魂人物——他的笑声比音乐还响亮。 · 重点： 这是一个由 while 连接的并列复合句，while 在此表示对比（“而；然而”）。前半句中，who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the quiet bookworm。后半句中，破折号后面的内容是对 the life of any party 的补充说明，his laughter is louder than the music 是一个比较级结构（louder than），生动地突出了利奥外向开朗的性格特点。整句话通过对比手法，鲜明地展现了两人性格的差异。 第2句： Comparing us shows how different pieces fit together perfectly. · 翻译： 把我们放在一起比较，就能看到不同的部分如何完美地契合。 · 重点： 这是一个动名词短语作主语的句子。Comparing us 是动名词短语，作主语，谓语动词用单数 shows。how different pieces fit together perfectly 是 how 引导的宾语从句，作 shows 的宾语。fit together 意为“契合；组合在一起”，perfectly 意为“完美地”。这句话用了一个生动的比喻，将两个人的不同特质比作“不同的拼图碎片”，说明差异恰恰是互补的基础，是对单元主题“Same or Different”的巧妙诠释。 【中文翻译】 如果你把我和我最好的朋友利奥比较一下，你会看到明显的差异。我是那个安静的“书虫”，喜欢在图书馆度过下雨的下午；而利奥是任何派对上的灵魂人物——他的笑声比音乐还响亮。我们的性格似乎截然相反：我行动前思考得更仔细，而利奥做决定更迅速。 然而我们的友谊完美地运转着。当我加入学校篮球队时——那是我做过的比以往更勇敢的选择——利奥成了我最支持我的教练。“你变得更自信了！”他在我第一场比赛后欢呼道。尽管他在文科课上得分更高，但他从不炫耀。“你解释科学比任何人都清楚，”他经常说。 我们最大的考验来自小组科学展。利奥想要一个更壮观的火上实验，而我更喜欢一个更简单但更精确的模型。起初，我们激烈地争论。“不同的方法并不意味着哪一个更好，”利奥最后宣布。我们妥协了：他的创意设计加上我的精确测量。这个项目赢得了二等奖——比我们预期的更好！ 这教会了我一个宝贵的道理：差异不是墙，而是桥。利奥的大胆让我的世界更明亮，而我的细心帮助他避免更大的错误。把我们放在一起比较，就能看到不同的部分如何完美地契合。毕竟，当颜色形成对比时，友谊不是应该更加丰富多彩吗？ 一、阅读理解 Passage A My 10-year-old Donna said, “Mom, I made a new friend at school today. Can she come over tomorrow?” Donna was a shy girl and I wanted her to make some friends to bring her out of her shell. “Sure, honey, that sounds great,” I said, thinking back to my own best friend, Lillian. We lived across the street from each other in Washington Heights, New York. We met at the age of 10, too. Like my daughter, I was shy, but Lillian drew me out. She was one of the friendliest people in school, with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile. In senior high school, Lillian went on a trip to Florida. This was the first time we had to be away from each other for a few days. “I’ll be back soon,” she told me. But three days later, Lillian’s sister told me that she had fallen into a river and hadn’t come out any more. Soon, my family moved to New Jersey. Whenever I thought of her, tears came into my eyes. The next day, Donna brought her new friend home. “Hi, Mrs. Loggia,” the little girl said. Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile. “My name is Laura.” My daughter’s new friend was so much like Lillian. I was still puzzled when Laura’s mom came to pick her up later that afternoon. I opened the door to let her in. “Judy!” she cried, “It’s me, Lillian’s sister, from Washington Heights.” Yes, my daughter’s friend looked familiar. She was Lillian’s niece. 1．The underlined words in the first paragraph “to bring her out of her shell” mean ________. A．to help her become less shy B．to help her walk out her house C．to help her become smart D．to help her live more happily 2．Laura looked familiar to the writer because ________. A．she was Lillian’s daughter B．she was also from Washington Heights C．she was the same age as her daughter D．she also had shiny black hair and a big smile 3．“I knew we would be best friends forever.” is a sentence from the passage and should be put at the end of ________. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 4．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．Laura helped Donna a lot B．Laura’s mother didn’t know Judy C．Judy was as shy as her daughter when she was young D．Judy moved to New Jersey because her best friend died Passage B Are you more of a “P” person or a “J” person? You may want to know what I’m talking about. These letters come from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Test (16型人格测试). The test gives a four-letter result. The last letter is either “P” for “Perceiving” or “J” for “Judging”. It shows how different people organize (规划) their life. Many people see me as a “Judging” person. I like plans and schedules. For example, if I need to write ten articles in a week, I plan everyday tasks to finish them step by step. What’s more, I even time my walk from the office to the station and remember when trains usually arrive. Because of that, on most days, a train arrives just as I reach the platform. And it makes me very happy! I like “J” people, but I have met many “Perceiving” people. Years ago, I went to climb Mount Huang with my friends. As a “J” person, I planned carefully. I packed water, bread, raincoats and so on. On the day of the hike, two friends came with nothing. Halfway through, they got thirsty and hungry and had to ask me for food and water. “Thanks, you’re a lifesaver!”, one friend said while eating my bread. Even with these problems, “P” people have their good points, though. They are often more creative and flexible (灵活的). When things don’t go as planned, I often get worried, but they stay cool. Differences add interest to life. The mix of different personalities makes it more exciting. 1．What does letter “P” in the MBTI test results mean? A．Planning. B．Preparing. C．Perceiving. D．Predicting. 2．Why does the writer mention the mountain climbing experience? A．To tell how well “P” people can prepare for a trip. B．To show the differences between “P” and “J” people. C．To tell his story of making friends with “P” people. D．To show how he saved his friends when climbing. 3．Who might be in the “J” group? A．Polly makes to-do lists every Monday. B．Allan likes to travel without planning. C．Alex often hands in his homework late. D．Rebecca likes to try new activities. 4．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．“J” people have more good sides than “P” people. B．“P” people are more creative and can do jobs better. C．It’s difficult for the two groups of people to be friends. D．It’s wonderful that the world is a mix of different people. Passage C Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed (被讨论) online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends, etc. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. Andy, an extrovert (性格外向的人) I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice to me. Anna, an introvert (性格内向的人) I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than I do. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. Well, there we know it from someone who experienced it. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What does Andy do on Saturdays with Ken? A．Rides the bikes. B．Takes a long walk. C．Surfs on the beach. D．Plays the video games. 2．Which of the following words can best describe Sue? A．Hard-working. B．Understanding. C．Good-looking. D．Outgoing. 3．What may be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Friends are not necessary to be the same. B．Friends bring out the best in each other. C．Friends in need are friends indeed. D．Friends reach for your hands and touch your heart. Passage D Dana left her hometown to start a new life in Australia. When she arrived, she felt lonely. Many things seemed strange: She had to remember that cars drive on the left side of the road, and people there celebrate Christmas in summer. Several months later, Dana joined a club. There, she met Jane, a friendly girl from the UK. Later, they met Lisa. The three quickly became close friends because they all understood the challenges of living in a new country. They often went hiking and shopping together in their spare time. During Dana’s first Christmas in Australia, Jane and Lisa planned a trip. They drove to a beach house and cooked a holiday meal together. They told stories about their different cultures, laughed happily, and had a great time. “Before I moved here, I thought I would make friends with people similar to me. But now I find that differences can also bring people closer. We have different personalities (性格), interests and living habits. But I feel like we are family,” Dana said. Through these friendships, Dana understood that home isn’t just the place with family members—it’s also the place with friends. 1．What can we learn about Dana from the first paragraph? A．Her hometown. B．Her hobbies. C．Her personality. D．Her feelings. 2．Why could the three girls become friends quickly? A．They were members of the club. B．They came from the same country. C．They faced the challenges together. D．They shared the same interests. 3．How did Dana feel during her first Christmas in Australia? A．Bored. B．Joyful. C．Lonely. D．Strange. 4．What did Dana learn from her experiences in Australia? A．Friends can make people feel at home. B．It’s important for friends to be similar. C．People with differences can’t be friends. D．It’s hard to find true friends in a new country. 二、阅读填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Do you have friends? How many friends do you have? Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about things which bring you happiness. 1 But making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a very shy person. 2 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you! The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast (胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 3 On the other hand, if you’re feeling confident, you can try to get close to someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here?” 4 After that, keep talking, by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you’ve read or has some other good things that interest you. 5 If you follow the advice, you can make a lot of good friends. A．It is a great way to break the ice. B．So how can you make new friends? C．This will give you something interesting to talk about. D．Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you. E．You can also share your problems and support with each other. F．Remember, smile all the time if someone gets close to you. G．You don’t need to care whether your friends are the same as you or different. Passage B 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship has no borders (国界). Brynn Castle, an American student, made friends with a Chinese student named Zhang Xinyi on her exchange trip to China. 1 In April 2025, Castle came to China with some American students. They reached Beijing first, 2 Before leaving China, Castle visited Zhang’s home. “It is interesting to see a Chinese home. 3 ” Castle said, “In my home, we have lots of decorations. But Chinese people like to put some gifts or family photos in their living room. And most of their decorations are red. They think the colour can bring them good luck.” “ 4 They tried their best to make me feel at home. Before going to their house, they showed me around their neighbourhood and told me some history stories about it. Then they took me to a restaurant for lunch. They ordered many delicious dishes.” Castle said. When they got to Zhang’s home, Castle told many interesting stories to Zhang. Then the two girls found they truly had so much to talk about Chinese history. As they said goodbye late in the evening, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift. 5 Both Zhang and Castle hoped they could meet again one day. A．Here is some advice for you. B．and then they took a trip to Hebei. C．There are some differences between their house and my home. D．Here is their story. E．Zhang’s parents showed me great kindness. F．and then they went to America. G．She hoped it could help Castle know more about China. Passage C 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 Should friends be the same or different? Different people have different ideas. Some think similar friends bring comfort, while others believe different friends help growth. 1 ·Similar Friends Bring Easy Connection 1 They often have the same hobbies, interests or values. You can talk about your favorite books, play the same sports, or share the same hobbies together. These make it easy to get close quickly and understand each other’s thoughts. · 2 Having friends who are different from us is also a good thing. Different friends can bring us new experiences and ideas. They can show us new ways of thinking and help us try new things. A shy person may become more outgoing with a lively friend, and a lazy person may work harder with a hard-working friend. We can learn from each other’s strengths and improve ourselves. ·Key Points of a Good Friendship Whether friends are the same or different, some things are more important for a long-lasting friendship. 1 Trust makes us feel safe to share our secrets, and respect helps us accept each other’s differences. Also, being ready to help each other when in trouble can make the friendship stronger. No matter how we are, good communication also plays a role. In fact, it doesn’t matter if friends are the same or different. 2 As long as there is trust, respect and care between friends, the friendship will be beautiful and meaningful. A．Different Friends Help Us Grow. B．We don’t have to make ourselves be the same as our friends. C．Here are some ideas and facts about it. D．These shared activities can make our friendship happier. E．Friends with similarities always have much in common. F．We should always try to change our friends’ bad habits. G．First, trust and respect for each other are necessary. Passage D The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Spring and Autumn Period (时期). Boya was good at playing guqin. 1 To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music. 2 Since Boya had to return, they agreed to meet again next year. However, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died. Boya felt very sad. 3 The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying. After playing the music, he said, “My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.” Then he broke his guqin into pieces. 4 People in the Song Dynasty (朝代) built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang (now Wuhan, Hubei) to remember the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local (当地的) culture. 1 The famous Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit (峰会) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also showed China’s wishes to develop its friendship with people from around the world. A．They became friends after a long talk. B．From then on, Boya never played again. C．He could show different feelings through his music. D．Zhiyin culture has new growth in the new period. E．He was playing music on his way home on the boat one day. F．He always cried when he thought of the days they spent together. G．He took out his guqin and played the music again when they first met. 二、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sandro was born and grew up in Milan, Italy. When he was 16 years old, his father’s business 1 and he had to go to England to stay with his uncle. Sandro had a lot of 2 in the new environment. He didn’t like the food and had to learn English. Almost every subject was a (an) 3 for him in his new school. Most importantly, he had no friends. Everything changed when his PE teacher, Eddie, had a conversation with him. He 4 Sandro to take part in a swimming competition the next month. Sandro took a look at Eddie with 5 and answered, “You sure? Me? No, I won’t.” Eddie smiled and then said, “But I believe 200-meter freestyle (自由泳) is 6 for you.” Sandro was 7 . He had never known someone in the school was watching him and caring for him. “At least, you can make some friends. That is the most important to you,” Eddie added. Sandro hesitated (犹豫) for a while, and 1 to have a try. Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard. 2 he felt tired, he thought of Eddie’s words and was full of energy again. Finally, the day of competition arrived and the race began. During the first 150 meters, Sandro was left behind by two competitors. In the last 50 meters, he caught up with them and got the first place. Other players came over to 3 him. As Eddie said, he made lots of new friends with his efforts. 1．A．failed B．lost C．beat 2．A．discoveries B．interests C．difficulties 3．A．experience B．journey C．challenge 4．A．warned B．encouraged C．allowed 5．A．doubt B．anger C．joy 6．A．suitable B．beneficial C．useful 7．A．sorry B．afraid C．surprised 8．A．refused B．agreed C．hurried 9．A．Whenever B．Wherever C．However 10．A．congratulate B．thank C．introduce Passage B Linda and I were close friends. But something unhappy 1 between us one day. Our school planned a school play. Both of us 2 to get the main role. Everyone thought Linda would get it. But to our surprise, I was the lucky one. Linda just got a small role. I wanted to practice with her, but she 3 my advice and said she could do it 4 . She walked away and didn’t even look at me. I felt very 5 . That night I went to my mother. I was so upset that I had a bad 6 . My mother looked at me and asked, “What’s wrong?” I told her everything. I was afraid that we would lose our friendship. My mother smiled and said, “This is a good 7 for you to be more understanding. Sometimes when friends feel sad, they just need time. 8 you understand this, your friendship will be better.” I took her advice. A few days later, I said to Linda, “I believe you can do a good job.” She looked at me and 9 at me. Then we talked happily. 10 , we became good friends again. 1．A．happened B．started C．stopped 2．A．decided B．hoped C．learned 3．A．agreed to B．looked for C．turned down 4．A．by himself B．by herself C．by themselves 5．A．relaxed B．excited C．sad 6．A．headache B．stomachache C．toothache 7．A．problem B．decision C．chance 8．A．If B．Though C．So that 9．A．shouted B．smiled C．cried 10．A．At first B．In the end C．For example Passage C I used to be a very 1 girl. I seldom spoke in front of the class, and my voice always became 2 when the teacher asked me questions. Last term, our English teacher told us about a speech competition. The topic was “My best friend”. Wen Jing, my best friend, looked at me and said, “You should 3 in it. You have so many stories to tell.” “But I’m too shy,” I said. “So what? Being shy doesn’t 1 you can’t try,” she smiled. “I will be right there.” For the next two weeks, I wrote my speech and practised every evening in front of the 2 . Wen Jing listened and helped me again and again. On the day of the competition, my heart 3 fast when I stood on the stage. My face turned red, and for a moment I couldn’t say a word. Then I saw Wen Jing in the second row. She 4 and smiled at me. I took a deep 5 and began. My voice was 6 at first, but it grew stronger and stronger. When I finished, people clapped for a long time. I didn’t win the first prize, but I got the third. That day I learned something important: the biggest enemy is not others, but 7 . Now I am much braver than before. 1．A．lazy B．shy C．tall D．funny 2．A．low B．loud C．sweet D．clear 3．A．give up B．take part C．look for D．put off 4．A．mean B．hope C．plan D．wish 5．A．window B．door C．blackboard D．mirror 6．A．hit B．beat C．jumped D．ran 7．A．shook B．nodded C．waved D．shouted 8．A．look B．sleep C．breath D．step 9．A．strong B．low C．sweet D．loud 10．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself Passage D My name is Han Mei. Last month, our school had a 1 , and our teacher asked me to play the flute with Wei Fang, a new student from another class. Wei Fang is quite different from me. She is taller and more 2 than I am, and she plays louder than me. At first, I was 3 . “My music is too soft,” I thought. “Our piece will sound strange.” But Wei Fang didn’t think so. “Your notes are 4 and more beautiful than mine,” she said with a smile. “If we play 5 , our music will be richer. Different is good!” So we practised every afternoon for two weeks. She taught me how to play 6 , and I helped her read the music more 7 . Little by little, our two sounds became 8 . On the day of the festival, we stood on the stage together. When we finished, everyone in the hall clapped warmly. We won 9 prize! Now I understand: being different is not a problem. Like two different 10 , we can make better music together. 1．A．music festival B．sports meeting C．art show D．book sale 2．A．serious B．lazy C．outgoing D．quiet 3．A．excited B．worried C．bored D．relaxed 4．A．louder B．faster C．higher D．softer 5．A．alone B．together C．again D．instead 6．A．sadly B．angrily C．bravely D．slowly 7．A．quickly B．loudly C．easily D．carefully 8．A．one B．two C．soft D．loud 9．A．first B．last C．second D．no 10．A．books B．instruments C．colours D．flowers 三、任务型阅读 Passage A 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 What makes a girl beautiful? Who is beautiful in your eyes? Linda says her deskmate Maya is a beautiful girl. She is kind to everyone. She has a lot of interests such as singing, writing, and playing with her friends. She loves eating cakes and often tries to make some. We sell orange juice together to make money to help children in need. Maya is a great person. I love having her as a friend. Susan says her friend Sally is a beautiful girl: Sally is an outgoing girl. She loves to read books and listen to music. She loves writing too. She often writes stories with her friends. She is working as a writer for a children’s magazine. I am a little shy. She shares a lot of things with me. It is so great to have her in my life. An 11-year-old girl called Anna thinks that she herself is a beautiful girl. I try any sport I can. I like basketball, soccer, tennis, and swimming. I love writing, drawing and making comics (连环漫画) and I often share them on the Internet. My friend Linda and I started the school newspaper at our primary school. I am always busy helping kids in the school write stories for it. I am also a very good helper at home. 1．How do Linda and Maya help children in need? 2．What does Sally often do with her friends? 3．Where does Anna often share her comics? 4．What common interest do Maya, Sally and Anna have? 5．What do you think makes a girl beautiful? Why do you think so? Passage B Diana is my good friend. She is a beautiful girl. She often thinks that she is good to others. One day after school, I was waiting for Diana when Vivien came up to me. She gave me a cake, and I took it. We talked happily. From then on, I began to spend more time with Vivien than with Diana. However, I also began to feel a little uneasy. After a few days, I went to see Diana with some gifts and at that time, Vivien came and sat with us. She gave me an apple. She also gave one to Diana, but Diana didn’t take it. She walked away. I was unhappy about Diana’s attitude (态度). I thought she was so impolite. “Never mind,” Vivien said. “I am used to (习惯于) it.” After school, I tried to follow Diana. When we walked home, I tried to correct her attitude, but she didn’t listen to me. She said, “Go and join your ‘dear’ Vivien. I know you make new friends and forget the old ones.” For a few weeks, we did not talk to each other. Then, one day, Diana came to Vivien and me. She said, “I’m really sorry about what I did. Would you please forgive (原谅) me?” Vivien and I looked at each other and smiled. Till now, Diana, Vivien and I are still best friends. 1．Who did the writer meet when she was waiting for Diana? 2．What did Vivien give to Diana after a few days? 3．How did the writer feel about Diana’s attitude to Vivien? 4．Why did Diana ask the writer and Vivien to forgive her? 5．What do you do after arguing with your friend? Why? Passage C Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Are you too shy to make friends? Read the following rules. They will help you. Feel comfortable. Always be clean. Take a shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clean clothes. They must make you feel good and comfortable. Then your friends will like you very much. Smile more often. If you try to smile more often at people, it will make them think that you are friendly. Then people want to talk to you more even if they don’t know you. Just talk. Some people worry about talking because they think, “What am I going to talk about with that person?” Outgoing people don’t even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think. Listen to people. You can’t just talk all the time. You have to listen to others and give your ideas. Let them know you care about them. Read the news! Don’t just stay at home and do nothing. Surf the Internet for news and information, and talk about them when you are with your friends. 1．How many rules are mentioned in this passage? 2．What’s the first rule in the passage? 3．Will people think you’re friendly if you try to smile more often at them? 4．Which rule can let people know you care about them? 5．Do you think making friends in junior high school is good for your study? Why or why not? $ Unit 3 Same or Different话题阅读任务单 Unit 3 Same or Different话题定位 本单元围绕“异同比较与尊重差异”这一主题展开，该主题与课标“人与社会”主题范畴中的子话题“良好的人际关系与人际交往”及“人与自我”主题范畴中的子话题“自我认知与自我成长”密切相关。通过前两个单元的学习，学生已初步掌握描述家庭生活与个人经历的语言能力，能够运用一般现在时和一般过去时表达个人体验。本单元将视角从“家庭”转向“更广泛的人际关系”，引导学生认识人与人之间的相似性与差异性，理解“和而不同、共同成长”的价值理念。因此，本单元主要帮助学生学会用比较级和同级比较结构描述人与事物的特征，表达对友谊中相似与差异的看法，并在自我审视中感悟成长。本单元的大问题“How do we compare with each other?”启发学生从“人物特征对比”“人际关系探讨”“自我成长反思”三个维度，理解比较的语言形式与差异的深层意义。Section A和Section B分别以“How are we different from each other?”和“How do we understand differences?”两个引导性问题架构板块内容，并层层深入，指向单元大问题的回答。Section A首先呈现校园音乐节、双胞胎对比等真实情境，让学生通过听说活动学会运用形容词和副词的比较级（如more outgoing, taller等）以及“as... as”同级比较结构，聚焦描述人物外貌、性格与能力的核心目标语言。Section B的阅读语篇以论坛讨论的形式呈现Matt和Diana关于“朋友应相似还是不同”的两种观点及论据，引导学生辩证思考人际关系中的异同，认识到相似性带来共鸣与默契，差异性则促进学习与成长。写作环节要求学生梳理个人观点、理由和实例，完成一篇关于友谊异同的短文。本部分侧重探讨差异对个人认知、人际交往和情感发展的价值，帮助学生形成开放包容的友谊观和积极的人生观 Passage A The Four Skillful Brothers — Adapted from Grimm‘s Fairy Tales 导读：《格林童话》中的《四个聪明的兄弟》讲述了一个关于差异与合作的经典故事。一个贫穷的父亲让四个儿子出门学艺，四个兄弟各自学到了独特的本领——老大能望见千里之外，老二能跑得飞快，老三能百发百中，老四能缝补任何东西。当公主被巨龙抓走时，四兄弟各展所长、齐心协力，成功救回了公主。这个故事告诉我们：每个人都有自己的长处，差异不是障碍，而是合作与成功的基石。 体裁：经典童话改编　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约210词 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Once upon a time, a poor man had four sons. When the sons grew up, the father said, “My dear children, you must go out into the world and learn a trade.” The four brothers took their walking sticks and set off together. At a crossroads, they went in four different directions. After many years, they met again at the same crossroads. Each brother had learned a special skill. The first brother could see farther than anyone else. He could see things a thousand miles away. The second brother could run as fast as the wind. The third brother could shoot better than any hunter. He never missed his target. The fourth brother could sew anything together, even something as soft as a leaf. One day, the first brother looked into the distance and saw that a dragon had taken the king’s daughter. The king was very sad and promised a great reward to anyone who could save the princess. The four brothers decided to help. The first brother saw where the dragon was hiding. The second brother ran as quickly as he could and carried the others to the dragon’s cave. The third brother shot the dragon and freed the princess. But the dragon broke the ship into pieces. The fourth brother sewed the ship back together as perfectly as new. The king was so happy that he gave each brother a reward. The four brothers learned an important lesson: alone, each of them was strong, but together, they were even stronger. 【重难生词】 1. trade n. 手艺；行业 例句：He learned the trade of a carpenter.（他学会了木匠的手艺。） 2. crossroads n. 十字路口 例句：Turn left at the next crossroads.（在下一个十字路口左转。） 3. distance n. 距离；远方 例句：The mountain can be seen from a great distance.（从很远处就能看到这座山。） 4. target n. 目标；靶子 例句：He hit the target every time.（他每次都击中靶子。） 5. sew v. 缝；缝补 例句：She sewed the button onto the shirt.（她把扣子缝在衬衫上。） 6. dragon n. 龙 例句：The dragon in the story has wings and can breathe fire.（故事中的龙有翅膀，还能喷火。） 7. reward n. 奖赏；报酬 例句：He received a reward for finding the lost dog.（他因找到走失的狗而获得奖赏。） 8. cave n. 洞穴 例句：The bear slept in a cave all winter.（熊在洞穴里睡了一整个冬天。） 9. perfectly adv. 完美地；完全地 例句：She sings perfectly in tune.（她唱歌完全合调。） 10. alone adv. 独自地；单独地 例句：He lives alone in a small apartment.（他独自住在一间小公寓里。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. The four brothers went in different directions at the __________. 2. The third brother never missed his __________. 3. A __________ took the king’s daughter away. 4. The king promised a great __________ to anyone who could save the princess. 5. The four brothers learned that __________ they were strong, but together they were stronger. 参考答案：1. crossroads　2. target　3. dragon　4. reward　5. alone 【长难句分析】 第1句： The second brother could run as fast as the wind. · 翻译： 老二跑得和风一样快。 · 重点： 这是一个as... as... 同级比较结构，表示“和……一样……”。as fast as 中，第一个 as 是副词，修饰 fast；第二个 as 是连词，引导比较对象 the wind。该结构的基本形式为 as + 形容词/副词原级 + as，否定形式为 not as/so... as（不如……）。本句中 could run 表示能力上的比较。 第2句： Alone, each of them was strong, but together, they were even stronger. · 翻译： 单独一个人，他们每个人都很强大，但团结在一起，他们更加强大。 · 重点： 这是一个由 but 连接的并列复合句。Alone 和 together 都是副词，分别置于句首作状语，形成对比。前半句中 each of them 作主语，谓语用单数 was。后半句中 even 修饰比较级 stronger，表示“更加强大”，even 常用来加强比较级的语气。整句话是全文的主题句，点明了“差异带来互补、合作成就更大力量”的核心寓意，直接呼应单元主题“Same or Different”。 【中文翻译】 从前，一个穷人有个四个儿子。儿子们长大后，父亲说：“亲爱的孩子们，你们必须出门去学一门手艺。”四兄弟拿着手杖，一起出发了。在一个十字路口，他们朝着四个不同的方向走去。 许多年后，他们在同一个十字路口再次相遇。每个兄弟都学会了一项特殊的本领。老大比任何人都看得更远，能看到千里之外的东西。老二跑得和风一样快。老三比任何猎人都射得准，他从不脱靶。老四能把任何东西缝在一起，甚至像树叶一样柔软的东西。 有一天，老大望向远方，看到一条龙抓走了国王的女儿。国王非常伤心，承诺给任何能救回公主的人一份丰厚的奖赏。 四兄弟决定帮忙。老大看到了龙藏身的地方。老二跑得尽可能快，把其他人带到了龙的洞穴。老三射中了龙，救出了公主。但龙把船打成了碎片。老四把船缝了回去，像新的一样完美。 国王非常高兴，给了每个兄弟一份奖赏。四兄弟学到了重要的一课：单独一个人，他们每个人都很强大，但团结在一起，他们更加强大。 Passage B My Mirror and My Window — A Story About Friendship 导读：你的好朋友和你一样吗？还是和你有很大的不同？这篇文章的作者有一个性格截然不同的好朋友Leo。作者安静内向，喜欢在图书馆度过雨天；Leo外向开朗，是派对上的开心果。看起来完全相反的两个人，却成了最好的朋友。他们是如何互补的？差异如何让友谊更加丰富？阅读下文，思考单元大问题“How do we compare with each other?”，看看作者从这段友谊中悟出了什么道理。 体裁：时文阅读（记叙文）　 难度：★★★★　 词数：约215词 If you compare my best friend Leo and me, you’ll see obvious differences. I‘m the quiet bookworm who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library, while Leo is the life of any party — his laughter is louder than the music. Our characters seem opposite: I think more carefully before acting, whereas Leo makes decisions more quickly. Yet our friendship works perfectly. When I joined the school basketball team — a braver choice than I’d ever made — Leo became my most supportive coach. “You‘re becoming more confident!” he cheered after my first game. Though he scores higher in arts classes, he never boasts. “You explain science more clearly than anyone,” he often says. Our biggest test came during the group science fair. Leo wanted a more spectacular volcano experiment, while I preferred a simpler but more accurate model. At first, we argued intensely. “Different approaches don’t mean one is better,” Leo finally declared. We compromised: his creative design with my precise measurements. The project won second prize — stronger than we‘d expected! This taught me a valuable lesson: differences aren’t walls but bridges. Leo‘s boldness makes my world brighter, and my carefulness helps him avoid bigger mistakes. Comparing us shows how different pieces fit together perfectly. After all, shouldn’t friendship be richer when colors contrast? 【重难生词】 1. compare v. 比较 例句：If you compare the two pictures, you will find some differences.（如果你比较这两幅画，你会发现一些不同。） 2. obvious adj. 明显的 例句：It was obvious that she was very happy.（很明显她非常高兴。） 3. character n. 性格；品质 例句：She has a kind and gentle character.（她性格善良温和。） 4. opposite adj. 相反的；对面的 例句：He sat on the opposite side of the table.（他坐在桌子的对面。） 5. supportive adj. 支持的；给予帮助的 例句：My parents are very supportive of my decision.（我父母非常支持我的决定。） 6. boast v. 吹嘘；炫耀 例句：He likes to boast about his new car.（他喜欢炫耀他的新车。） 7. spectacular adj. 壮观的；引人注目的 例句：The fireworks display was spectacular.（烟花表演非常壮观。） 8. accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 例句：The weather forecast is not always accurate.（天气预报并不总是准确的。） 9. compromise v. 妥协；折中 例句：We compromised and agreed to meet halfway.（我们妥协了，同意各让一步。） 10. contrast v. 形成对比；对照 例句：The white dress contrasts with her dark hair.（白色的裙子与她的黑发形成了对比。） 【小练习】（从上方生词中选择合适的词填空）： 1. If you __________ the two brothers, you will see they are very different. 2. It was __________ that Leo was the more outgoing one. 3. My parents are very __________ of my decision to join the basketball team. 4. He never __________ about his high grades. 5. We __________ and decided to combine both of our ideas. 参考答案：1. compare　2. obvious　3. supportive　4. boasts　5. compromised 【长难句分析】 第1句： I‘m the quiet bookworm who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library, while Leo is the life of any party — his laughter is louder than the music. · 翻译： 我是那个安静的“书虫”，喜欢在图书馆度过下雨的下午；而利奥是任何派对上的灵魂人物——他的笑声比音乐还响亮。 · 重点： 这是一个由 while 连接的并列复合句，while 在此表示对比（“而；然而”）。前半句中，who enjoys rainy afternoons in the library 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the quiet bookworm。后半句中，破折号后面的内容是对 the life of any party 的补充说明，his laughter is louder than the music 是一个比较级结构（louder than），生动地突出了利奥外向开朗的性格特点。整句话通过对比手法，鲜明地展现了两人性格的差异。 第2句： Comparing us shows how different pieces fit together perfectly. · 翻译： 把我们放在一起比较，就能看到不同的部分如何完美地契合。 · 重点： 这是一个动名词短语作主语的句子。Comparing us 是动名词短语，作主语，谓语动词用单数 shows。how different pieces fit together perfectly 是 how 引导的宾语从句，作 shows 的宾语。fit together 意为“契合；组合在一起”，perfectly 意为“完美地”。这句话用了一个生动的比喻，将两个人的不同特质比作“不同的拼图碎片”，说明差异恰恰是互补的基础，是对单元主题“Same or Different”的巧妙诠释。 【中文翻译】 如果你把我和我最好的朋友利奥比较一下，你会看到明显的差异。我是那个安静的“书虫”，喜欢在图书馆度过下雨的下午；而利奥是任何派对上的灵魂人物——他的笑声比音乐还响亮。我们的性格似乎截然相反：我行动前思考得更仔细，而利奥做决定更迅速。 然而我们的友谊完美地运转着。当我加入学校篮球队时——那是我做过的比以往更勇敢的选择——利奥成了我最支持我的教练。“你变得更自信了！”他在我第一场比赛后欢呼道。尽管他在文科课上得分更高，但他从不炫耀。“你解释科学比任何人都清楚，”他经常说。 我们最大的考验来自小组科学展。利奥想要一个更壮观的火上实验，而我更喜欢一个更简单但更精确的模型。起初，我们激烈地争论。“不同的方法并不意味着哪一个更好，”利奥最后宣布。我们妥协了：他的创意设计加上我的精确测量。这个项目赢得了二等奖——比我们预期的更好！ 这教会了我一个宝贵的道理：差异不是墙，而是桥。利奥的大胆让我的世界更明亮，而我的细心帮助他避免更大的错误。把我们放在一起比较，就能看到不同的部分如何完美地契合。毕竟，当颜色形成对比时，友谊不是应该更加丰富多彩吗？ 一、阅读理解 Passage A My 10-year-old Donna said, “Mom, I made a new friend at school today. Can she come over tomorrow?” Donna was a shy girl and I wanted her to make some friends to bring her out of her shell. “Sure, honey, that sounds great,” I said, thinking back to my own best friend, Lillian. We lived across the street from each other in Washington Heights, New York. We met at the age of 10, too. Like my daughter, I was shy, but Lillian drew me out. She was one of the friendliest people in school, with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile. In senior high school, Lillian went on a trip to Florida. This was the first time we had to be away from each other for a few days. “I’ll be back soon,” she told me. But three days later, Lillian’s sister told me that she had fallen into a river and hadn’t come out any more. Soon, my family moved to New Jersey. Whenever I thought of her, tears came into my eyes. The next day, Donna brought her new friend home. “Hi, Mrs. Loggia,” the little girl said. Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile. “My name is Laura.” My daughter’s new friend was so much like Lillian. I was still puzzled when Laura’s mom came to pick her up later that afternoon. I opened the door to let her in. “Judy!” she cried, “It’s me, Lillian’s sister, from Washington Heights.” Yes, my daughter’s friend looked familiar. She was Lillian’s niece. 1．The underlined words in the first paragraph “to bring her out of her shell” mean ________. A．to help her become less shy B．to help her walk out her house C．to help her become smart D．to help her live more happily 2．Laura looked familiar to the writer because ________. A．she was Lillian’s daughter B．she was also from Washington Heights C．she was the same age as her daughter D．she also had shiny black hair and a big smile 3．“I knew we would be best friends forever.” is a sentence from the passage and should be put at the end of ________. A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5 4．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．Laura helped Donna a lot B．Laura’s mother didn’t know Judy C．Judy was as shy as her daughter when she was young D．Judy moved to New Jersey because her best friend died 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的女儿Donna交到了新朋友，这位新朋友的外貌让作者想起了自己儿时最好的朋友Lillian，最终发现这个新朋友竟是Lillian的侄女，这是一段关于友谊与巧合的温馨故事。 【详解】 1．根据第一段中“Donna was a shy girl and I wanted her to make some friends to bring her out of her shell.”可知，Donna是个害羞的女孩，作者希望她交朋友是为了让她不再害羞。 2．根据第四段中“Her hair was so shiny and black and she gave me a big smile.”以及第二段中对Lillian的描写“with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile”可知，Laura有着和Lillian一样乌黑发亮的头发和灿烂的笑容，这让作者觉得眼熟。 3．根据第二段内容可知，该段主要讲述了作者和Lillian相识并成为好朋友的经历。句子“I knew we would be best friends forever.”是对这段友谊的总结和升华，放在第二段末尾最符合逻辑。 4．根据第二段中“Like my daughter, I was shy, but Lillian drew me out.”可知，作者Judy小时候和女儿一样害羞。 Passage B Are you more of a “P” person or a “J” person? You may want to know what I’m talking about. These letters come from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Test (16型人格测试). The test gives a four-letter result. The last letter is either “P” for “Perceiving” or “J” for “Judging”. It shows how different people organize (规划) their life. Many people see me as a “Judging” person. I like plans and schedules. For example, if I need to write ten articles in a week, I plan everyday tasks to finish them step by step. What’s more, I even time my walk from the office to the station and remember when trains usually arrive. Because of that, on most days, a train arrives just as I reach the platform. And it makes me very happy! I like “J” people, but I have met many “Perceiving” people. Years ago, I went to climb Mount Huang with my friends. As a “J” person, I planned carefully. I packed water, bread, raincoats and so on. On the day of the hike, two friends came with nothing. Halfway through, they got thirsty and hungry and had to ask me for food and water. “Thanks, you’re a lifesaver!”, one friend said while eating my bread. Even with these problems, “P” people have their good points, though. They are often more creative and flexible (灵活的). When things don’t go as planned, I often get worried, but they stay cool. Differences add interest to life. The mix of different personalities makes it more exciting. 1．What does letter “P” in the MBTI test results mean? A．Planning. B．Preparing. C．Perceiving. D．Predicting. 2．Why does the writer mention the mountain climbing experience? A．To tell how well “P” people can prepare for a trip. B．To show the differences between “P” and “J” people. C．To tell his story of making friends with “P” people. D．To show how he saved his friends when climbing. 3．Who might be in the “J” group? A．Polly makes to-do lists every Monday. B．Allan likes to travel without planning. C．Alex often hands in his homework late. D．Rebecca likes to try new activities. 4．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．“J” people have more good sides than “P” people. B．“P” people are more creative and can do jobs better. C．It’s difficult for the two groups of people to be friends. D．It’s wonderful that the world is a mix of different people. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了MBTI测试中的“P”和“J”两种人格类型，通过作者自身的经历和爬山的故事对比了两者的区别，并指出不同性格的混合让生活更有趣。 【详解】 1．第1段中的句子“The last letter is either ‘P’ for ‘Perceiving’ or ‘J’ for ‘Judging’.”表明字母“P”代表“Perceiving”。 2．第3段中的句子“As a ‘J’ person, I planned carefully... two friends came with nothing.”表明作者通过对比准备工作的不同，展示了两种人格的差异。 3．第2段中的句子“I like plans and schedules.”表明“J”型人喜欢制定计划，Polly列任务清单符合这一特征。 4．第4段中的句子“Differences add interest to life. The mix of different personalities makes it more exciting.”表明本段主要强调不同性格混合让生活更精彩。 Passage C Do you know E-person and I-person? These two kinds of personalities are much discussed (被讨论) online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends, etc. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. Andy, an extrovert (性格外向的人) I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice to me. Anna, an introvert (性格内向的人) I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa by myself with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me, and she understands me better than I do. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. Well, there we know it from someone who experienced it. From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1．What does Andy do on Saturdays with Ken? A．Rides the bikes. B．Takes a long walk. C．Surfs on the beach. D．Plays the video games. 2．Which of the following words can best describe Sue? A．Hard-working. B．Understanding. C．Good-looking. D．Outgoing. 3．What may be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Friends are not necessary to be the same. B．Friends bring out the best in each other. C．Friends in need are friends indeed. D．Friends reach for your hands and touch your heart. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕外向型（E-person）和内向型（I-person）两种性格展开，以一对性格不同的双胞胎Andy和Anna的交友情况为例，说明内向者和外向者可以成为朋友，人们也需要不同性格的朋友，倡导大家结交不同性格的朋友，享受特别的友谊。 【详解】 1．第2段“Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf”直接说明Andy周六和Ken去海滩冲浪。 2．第3段“Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days”表明Sue充满活力、爱讲笑话，性格外向。 3．文章第1段总起，引入内向与外向性格的话题，引出下文双胞胎的例子；第2、3段分别介绍外向的Andy和内向的Anna的交友情况，为并列分述；第4段总结全文，点明不同性格的人也能做朋友的观点。全文为“总分总”结构。 4．最后一段“From Andy and Anna, introverts and extroverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities”表明朋友不必性格完全相同，不同性格的人也能成为好友。 Passage D Dana left her hometown to start a new life in Australia. When she arrived, she felt lonely. Many things seemed strange: She had to remember that cars drive on the left side of the road, and people there celebrate Christmas in summer. Several months later, Dana joined a club. There, she met Jane, a friendly girl from the UK. Later, they met Lisa. The three quickly became close friends because they all understood the challenges of living in a new country. They often went hiking and shopping together in their spare time. During Dana’s first Christmas in Australia, Jane and Lisa planned a trip. They drove to a beach house and cooked a holiday meal together. They told stories about their different cultures, laughed happily, and had a great time. “Before I moved here, I thought I would make friends with people similar to me. But now I find that differences can also bring people closer. We have different personalities (性格), interests and living habits. But I feel like we are family,” Dana said. Through these friendships, Dana understood that home isn’t just the place with family members—it’s also the place with friends. 1．What can we learn about Dana from the first paragraph? A．Her hometown. B．Her hobbies. C．Her personality. D．Her feelings. 2．Why could the three girls become friends quickly? A．They were members of the club. B．They came from the same country. C．They faced the challenges together. D．They shared the same interests. 3．How did Dana feel during her first Christmas in Australia? A．Bored. B．Joyful. C．Lonely. D．Strange. 4．What did Dana learn from her experiences in Australia? A．Friends can make people feel at home. B．It’s important for friends to be similar. C．People with differences can’t be friends. D．It’s hard to find true friends in a new country. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Dana远赴澳大利亚新生活，初到倍感孤单，后结识Jane与Lisa两位异国好友，三人相伴度过第一个澳洲圣诞节，最终领悟朋友也能给予家的归属感。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“When she arrived, she felt lonely.”可知，从第一段可以了解Dana初到澳洲的内心感受。 2．根据第二段“The three quickly became close friends because they all understood the challenges of living in a new country.”可知，三人能快速成为好友，是因为她们都体会过在异国生活的难处，共同面对这类挑战。 3．根据第三段“They told stories about their different cultures, laughed happily and had a great time.”可知，Dana在这次圣诞节十分开心、愉悦。 4．根据最后一段“Through these friendships, Dana understood that home isn’t just the place with family members—it’s also the place with friends.”可知，Dana明白朋友也能让人拥有家一般的归属感。 二、阅读填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Do you have friends? How many friends do you have? Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about things which bring you happiness. 1 But making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a very shy person. 2 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you! The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast (胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 3 On the other hand, if you’re feeling confident, you can try to get close to someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here?” 4 After that, keep talking, by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you’ve read or has some other good things that interest you. 5 If you follow the advice, you can make a lot of good friends. A．It is a great way to break the ice. B．So how can you make new friends? C．This will give you something interesting to talk about. D．Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you. E．You can also share your problems and support with each other. F．Remember, smile all the time if someone gets close to you. G．You don’t need to care whether your friends are the same as you or different. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在学校结交新朋友的方法，包括微笑、主动搭话以及寻找共同话题。 【详解】 1．空前列举了好朋友的作用：可以谈论带来快乐的事，E选项“You can also share your problems and support with each other.”延续对好友益处的表述，衔接自然。 2．空前提到在学校交新朋友并不容易，空后引出有用的交友建议，B选项“So how can you make new friends?”起到承上启下的过渡作用。 3．本段核心建议是微笑展现友好，空前提到抱臂戴耳机的肢体语言会让人远离你，F选项“Remember, smile all the time if someone gets close to you.”呼应本段的微笑主题。 4．空前说主动靠近别人，询问“嗨，你介意我坐在这里吗？”，A选项“It is a great way to break the ice.”对这个主动搭话的行为的作用进行说明。 5．空前提到找到你们的共同点，比如对方在读你看过的书或者有你感兴趣的东西，C选项“This will give you something interesting to talk about.”承接上文找共同点的作用，符合逻辑。 Passage B 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Friendship has no borders (国界). Brynn Castle, an American student, made friends with a Chinese student named Zhang Xinyi on her exchange trip to China. 1 In April 2025, Castle came to China with some American students. They reached Beijing first, 2 Before leaving China, Castle visited Zhang’s home. “It is interesting to see a Chinese home. 3 ” Castle said, “In my home, we have lots of decorations. But Chinese people like to put some gifts or family photos in their living room. And most of their decorations are red. They think the colour can bring them good luck.” “ 4 They tried their best to make me feel at home. Before going to their house, they showed me around their neighbourhood and told me some history stories about it. Then they took me to a restaurant for lunch. They ordered many delicious dishes.” Castle said. When they got to Zhang’s home, Castle told many interesting stories to Zhang. Then the two girls found they truly had so much to talk about Chinese history. As they said goodbye late in the evening, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift. 5 Both Zhang and Castle hoped they could meet again one day. A．Here is some advice for you. B．and then they took a trip to Hebei. C．There are some differences between their house and my home. D．Here is their story. E．Zhang’s parents showed me great kindness. F．and then they went to America. G．She hoped it could help Castle know more about China. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述美国学生Brynn Castle在中国交换旅行时结识中国学生张欣怡的故事，展现跨越国界的友谊。 【详解】 1．根据文章第一段“Friendship has no borders (国界). Brynn Castle, an American student, made friends with a Chinese student named Zhang Xinyi on her exchange trip to China.”可知，本段引出两位跨国交友的女孩，下文开始介绍她们的经历。因此选项D“Here is their story.”符合本段语境。 2．根据文章第二段“In April 2025, Castle came to China with some American students. They reached Beijing first,”可知，他们先抵达北京，后文介绍后续行程。因此选项B“and then they took a trip to Hebei.”符合本段语境。 3．根据文章第三段“It is interesting to see a Chinese home.”以及后文“In my home, we have lots of decorations. But Chinese people like to put some gifts or family photos in their living room.”可知，Brynn在对比中国家庭和自己家装饰上的不同。因此选项C“There are some differences between their house and my home.”符合本段语境。 4．根据文章第四段“They tried their best to make me feel at home. Before going to their house, they showed me around their neighbourhood and told me some history stories about it.”可知，张欣怡一家尽力让Brynn感觉像在自己家里，体现出家人的善意。因此选项E“Zhang’s parents showed me great kindness.”符合本段语境。 5．根据文章第五段“As they said goodbye late in the evening, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift.”可知，张送给Castle一本中国历史书作为礼物，后文解释送书的用意。因此选项G“She hoped it could help Castle know more about China.”符合本段语境。 Passage C 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。 Should friends be the same or different? Different people have different ideas. Some think similar friends bring comfort, while others believe different friends help growth. 1 ·Similar Friends Bring Easy Connection 1 They often have the same hobbies, interests or values. You can talk about your favorite books, play the same sports, or share the same hobbies together. These make it easy to get close quickly and understand each other’s thoughts. · 2 Having friends who are different from us is also a good thing. Different friends can bring us new experiences and ideas. They can show us new ways of thinking and help us try new things. A shy person may become more outgoing with a lively friend, and a lazy person may work harder with a hard-working friend. We can learn from each other’s strengths and improve ourselves. ·Key Points of a Good Friendship Whether friends are the same or different, some things are more important for a long-lasting friendship. 1 Trust makes us feel safe to share our secrets, and respect helps us accept each other’s differences. Also, being ready to help each other when in trouble can make the friendship stronger. No matter how we are, good communication also plays a role. In fact, it doesn’t matter if friends are the same or different. 2 As long as there is trust, respect and care between friends, the friendship will be beautiful and meaningful. A．Different Friends Help Us Grow. B．We don’t have to make ourselves be the same as our friends. C．Here are some ideas and facts about it. D．These shared activities can make our friendship happier. E．Friends with similarities always have much in common. F．We should always try to change our friends’ bad habits. G．First, trust and respect for each other are necessary. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了友谊中朋友间相似与差异的各自优势，并指出了维系长久友谊的关键要素。 【详解】 1．根据“Different people have different ideas. Some think... while others believe...”可知，此处引出对不同观点的具体讨论。选项C“以下是一些关于这方面的观点和事实。”承上启下、引出下文分点论述，符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“Similar Friends Bring Easy Connection”和“They often have the same hobbies, interests or values.”可知，此处说明相似朋友的共同点。选项E“有相似之处的朋友总是有很多共同点。”概括了本段核心，与后文具体描述形成总分关系，符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Having friends who are different from us is also a good thing.”及本段内容可知，本段重点在论述“不同”朋友带来的好处，特别是促进成长。选项A“不同的朋友帮助我们成长。”精准概括了本段主旨，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Key Points of a Good Friendship”和“Trust makes us feel safe to share our secrets, and respect helps us accept each other’s differences.”可知，本段围绕“长久友谊的关键要素”展开，后句列举了信任和尊重的重要性，此处应总述这些要素。选项G“首先，相互信任和尊重是必要的。”与后文对信任和尊重的具体解释直接对应，符合语境。故选G。 5．根据“In fact, it doesn’t matter if friends are the same or different.”可知，此处应进一步说明包容差异的态度。选项B“我们不必强求自己与朋友完全相同。”强调了友谊中保持自我的自由，符合语境。故选B。 Passage D The word “zhiyin”, which means close friends, comes from the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi in the Spring and Autumn Period (时期). Boya was good at playing guqin. 1 To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music. 2 Since Boya had to return, they agreed to meet again next year. However, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died. Boya felt very sad. 3 The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying. After playing the music, he said, “My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.” Then he broke his guqin into pieces. 4 People in the Song Dynasty (朝代) built the Guqin Tai in Hanyang (now Wuhan, Hubei) to remember the deep friendship between Boya and Ziqi. It became an important part of the local (当地的) culture. 1 The famous Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit (峰会) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also showed China’s wishes to develop its friendship with people from around the world. A．They became friends after a long talk. B．From then on, Boya never played again. C．He could show different feelings through his music. D．Zhiyin culture has new growth in the new period. E．He was playing music on his way home on the boat one day. F．He always cried when he thought of the days they spent together. G．He took out his guqin and played the music again when they first met. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了“知音”一词的来源，源于春秋时期俞伯牙和钟子期的故事。俞伯牙擅长弹奏古琴，钟子期能理解他音乐中的情感，二人成为好友。钟子期去世后，俞伯牙悲痛欲绝，摔琴绝弦。宋朝时人们建古琴台纪念二人友谊，如今知音文化在新时期有了新的发展，如在G20峰会上演奏的《高山流水》展现了中国传统文化之美以及与世界各国发展友谊的愿望。 【详解】 1．根据前文“Boya was good at playing guqin.”以及后文“To Boya’s surprise, Ziqi, who made a living by cutting wood, happened to pass by. He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music.”可知，前文说俞伯牙擅长弹古琴，后文说钟子期碰巧路过并能理解他音乐想表达的内容，由此推知空格处应说明俞伯牙在弹琴。选项E“有一天他在乘船回家的路上弹奏音乐。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据前文“He could understand what Boya wanted to show through his music.”可知，钟子期能理解俞伯牙通过音乐想要表达的内容，由此推知二人会成为朋友。选项A“经过长时间的交谈，他们成了朋友。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据前文“However, when getting back to visit Ziqi, Boya heard that his friend had died. Boya felt very sad.”以及后文“The feeling of the music was so strong that it was as if the rivers and the mountains were crying.”可知，前文说俞伯牙得知钟子期去世后很伤心，后文说音乐情感强烈，仿佛山河都在哭泣，由此推知空格处应说明俞伯牙又弹奏了音乐。选项G“他拿出古琴，再次弹奏了他们初次见面时弹奏的音乐。”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据前文“After playing the music, he said, ‘My best friend is dead. No one understands my music now.’ Then he broke his guqin into pieces.”可知，俞伯牙在弹奏完音乐后说最好的朋友死了，没人能理解他的音乐了，然后摔坏了古琴，由此推知空格处应说明他之后不再弹琴。选项B“从那以后，伯牙再也没有弹过琴。”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据后文“The famous Chinese classical music piece Gaoshan Liushui was performed during the G20 Summit (峰会) in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The musical performance not only showed the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, but also showed China’s wishes to develop its friendship with people from around the world.”可知，后文提到在G20峰会上演奏了《高山流水》，展现了中国传统文化之美以及与世界各国发展友谊的愿望，由此推知空格处应说明知音文化在新时期有了新的发展。选项D“知音文化在新时期有了新的发展。”符合语境，故选D。 二、完形填空 Passage A 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sandro was born and grew up in Milan, Italy. When he was 16 years old, his father’s business 1 and he had to go to England to stay with his uncle. Sandro had a lot of 2 in the new environment. He didn’t like the food and had to learn English. Almost every subject was a (an) 3 for him in his new school. Most importantly, he had no friends. Everything changed when his PE teacher, Eddie, had a conversation with him. He 4 Sandro to take part in a swimming competition the next month. Sandro took a look at Eddie with 5 and answered, “You sure? Me? No, I won’t.” Eddie smiled and then said, “But I believe 200-meter freestyle (自由泳) is 6 for you.” Sandro was 7 . He had never known someone in the school was watching him and caring for him. “At least, you can make some friends. That is the most important to you,” Eddie added. Sandro hesitated (犹豫) for a while, and 1 to have a try. Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard. 2 he felt tired, he thought of Eddie’s words and was full of energy again. Finally, the day of competition arrived and the race began. During the first 150 meters, Sandro was left behind by two competitors. In the last 50 meters, he caught up with them and got the first place. Other players came over to 3 him. As Eddie said, he made lots of new friends with his efforts. 1．A．failed B．lost C．beat 2．A．discoveries B．interests C．difficulties 3．A．experience B．journey C．challenge 4．A．warned B．encouraged C．allowed 5．A．doubt B．anger C．joy 6．A．suitable B．beneficial C．useful 7．A．sorry B．afraid C．surprised 8．A．refused B．agreed C．hurried 9．A．Whenever B．Wherever C．However 10．A．congratulate B．thank C．introduce 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述意大利男孩桑德罗因家道中落赴英，历经生活与学习困难，在老师鼓励下参加游泳比赛获胜并收获友谊的励志故事。 【详解】 1．句意：当他16岁时，父亲的生意失败了，他不得不去英国和叔叔一起生活。 根据“business”及后文被迫去英国，可知生意失败，fail“失败，破产”符合语境。lost“失去”和beat“打败”主语通常为人。 2．句意：桑德罗在新环境中有很多困难。 根据后文不喜欢食物、学英语难、没朋友，可知是困难，选difficulties。 3．句意：几乎每个科目对他来说都是一个挑战。 根据前文学习困难，可知他初到英国，学习有压力，科目对他是挑战，challenge符合语境。 4．句意：他鼓励桑德罗参加下个月的游泳比赛。 根据老师希望帮助他改变现状，劝说桑德罗参赛，可知是鼓励，encouraged符合语境。warned“警告”和allowed“允许”不符合老师善意帮助的语境。 5．句意：桑德罗怀疑地看着埃迪，回答：“你确定吗？我？不，我不去。” 根据桑德罗的回答“You sure? Me? No, I won’t.”，可知桑德罗不敢相信老师推荐自己，带着怀疑，doubt符合语境。 6．句意：我相信200米自由泳适合你。 老师鼓励桑德罗参加，是觉得这项比赛适合他。固定搭配be suitable for“适合……”，符合语境。beneficial“有益的”；useful“有用的”没有suitable贴切。 7．句意：桑德罗很惊讶。 根据“He had never known someone in the school was watching him and caring for him.”，可知知道有人在关注自己，桑德罗感到惊讶，surprised符合语境。 8．句意：桑德罗犹豫片刻后，同意试一试。 根据后文“Sandro trained really hard. ”，可知他同意尝试，agreed符合语境。 9．句意：每当他感到疲惫的时候，他就想起埃迪的话，再次充满力量。 根据语境可知，本句是时间状语从句，表达每当累的时候，选Whenever。 10．句意：其他选手过来祝贺他。 根据“got the first place”，可知他拿到第一名，别人来祝贺，congratulate符合语境。 Passage B Linda and I were close friends. But something unhappy 1 between us one day. Our school planned a school play. Both of us 2 to get the main role. Everyone thought Linda would get it. But to our surprise, I was the lucky one. Linda just got a small role. I wanted to practice with her, but she 3 my advice and said she could do it 4 . She walked away and didn’t even look at me. I felt very 5 . That night I went to my mother. I was so upset that I had a bad 6 . My mother looked at me and asked, “What’s wrong?” I told her everything. I was afraid that we would lose our friendship. My mother smiled and said, “This is a good 7 for you to be more understanding. Sometimes when friends feel sad, they just need time. 8 you understand this, your friendship will be better.” I took her advice. A few days later, I said to Linda, “I believe you can do a good job.” She looked at me and 9 at me. Then we talked happily. 10 , we became good friends again. 1．A．happened B．started C．stopped 2．A．decided B．hoped C．learned 3．A．agreed to B．looked for C．turned down 4．A．by himself B．by herself C．by themselves 5．A．relaxed B．excited C．sad 6．A．headache B．stomachache C．toothache 7．A．problem B．decision C．chance 8．A．If B．Though C．So that 9．A．shouted B．smiled C．cried 10．A．At first B．In the end C．For example 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者与好友Linda因角色竞选产生矛盾，在母亲建议下作者主动理解包容，最终两人和解并重归于好的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：但有一天我们之间发生了不愉快的事。 根据“something unhappy”及下文冲突情节，可知发生事情，happened“发生”符合语境；started“开始”、stopped“停止”均不符合。 2．句意：我们都希望得到主角。 根据“Everyone thought Linda would get it”，可知这是大家的愿望，hoped“希望”符合语境；decided“决定”、learned“学习”均不符合。 3．句意：我想要和她一起练习，但是她拒绝了我的建议，并且她说她可以独自完成。 根据“but”转折及后文“walked away”，可知她拒绝了建议，turned down“拒绝”符合语境；agreed to“同意”、looked for“寻找”均不符合。 4．句意：我想要和她一起练习，但是她拒绝了我的建议，并且她说她可以独自完成。 本处主语是she，对应的反身短语by herself“她独自”，符合语境；by himself “他独自”、by themselves“他们独自”均不符合。 5．句意：我感到很难过。 根据朋友离开及后文“upset”，可知作者心情伤心，sad“难过的”符合语境；relaxed“放松的”、excited“兴奋的”均不符合。 6．句意：我如此心烦以至于头疼得厉害。 根据“upset”情绪导致身体不适，常用headache表示压力大；stomachache“胃痛”、toothache“牙痛”均不符合。 7．句意：这是你学会更加体谅他人的好机会。 根据“to be more understanding”可知母亲视其为成长的机会，a good chance for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事的好机会”，chance“机会”符合语境；problem“问题”、decision“决定”均不符合。 8．句意：如果你理解这点，友谊会更好。 根据前后逻辑关系，此处表条件，If“如果”符合语境；Though“虽然”、So that“以便”均不符合。 9．句意：她看着我对我笑了。 后文写两个人重新愉快交谈，矛盾已经化解，smile at sb.“朝某人微笑”，smiled“微笑”符合语境；shouted“大喊”、cried“哭”均不符合。 10．句意：最后，我们又成了好朋友。 根据故事结局，可知是最终结果，In the end“最后”符合语境；At first“起初”、For example“例如”均不符合。 Passage C I used to be a very 1 girl. I seldom spoke in front of the class, and my voice always became 2 when the teacher asked me questions. Last term, our English teacher told us about a speech competition. The topic was “My best friend”. Wen Jing, my best friend, looked at me and said, “You should 3 in it. You have so many stories to tell.” “But I’m too shy,” I said. “So what? Being shy doesn’t 1 you can’t try,” she smiled. “I will be right there.” For the next two weeks, I wrote my speech and practised every evening in front of the 2 . Wen Jing listened and helped me again and again. On the day of the competition, my heart 3 fast when I stood on the stage. My face turned red, and for a moment I couldn’t say a word. Then I saw Wen Jing in the second row. She 4 and smiled at me. I took a deep 5 and began. My voice was 6 at first, but it grew stronger and stronger. When I finished, people clapped for a long time. I didn’t win the first prize, but I got the third. That day I learned something important: the biggest enemy is not others, but 7 . Now I am much braver than before. 1．A．lazy B．shy C．tall D．funny 2．A．low B．loud C．sweet D．clear 3．A．give up B．take part C．look for D．put off 4．A．mean B．hope C．plan D．wish 5．A．window B．door C．blackboard D．mirror 6．A．hit B．beat C．jumped D．ran 7．A．shook B．nodded C．waved D．shouted 8．A．look B．sleep C．breath D．step 9．A．strong B．low C．sweet D．loud 10．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述作者从一个害羞的女孩，在朋友Wen Jing的鼓励下参加演讲比赛，最终克服胆怯、获得第三名并变得勇敢的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：我过去是一个很害羞的女孩。 由原文“I seldom spoke in front of the class”和“But I’m too shy”可知，作者以前不敢在众人面前说话，shy“害羞的”符合语境。lazy“懒惰的”、tall“高的”、funny“有趣的”均不符合。 2．句意：当老师问我问题时，我的声音总是变得很小。 由原文“I seldom spoke in front of the class”和“But I’m too shy”可知，作者因为害羞，回答问题时声音会很低，low“低的”符合语境。loud“大声的”、sweet“甜美的”、clear“清晰的”均不符合害羞的情境。 3．句意：你应该参加它，你有那么多故事可以讲。 由原文“our English teacher told us about a speech competition”和“in it”可知，Wen Jing鼓励作者参加演讲比赛，take part“参加”符合语境。give up“放弃”、look for“寻找”、put off“推迟”均不符合。 4．句意：害羞并不意味着你不能尝试。 由原文“Being shy doesn’t ... you can’t try”可知，Wen Jing在鼓励作者，意思是害羞不意味着不能尝试，mean“意味着”符合语境。hope“希望”、plan“计划”、wish“希望”均不符合。 5．句意：接下来两周，我写演讲稿，每天晚上对着镜子练习。 由原文“I wrote my speech and practised every evening”可知，练习演讲通常对着镜子，mirror“镜子”符合语境。window“窗户”、door“门”、blackboard“黑板”均不符合。 6．句意：比赛那天，我站在台上时心跳得很快。 由原文“when I stood on the stage”和常识可知，站在台上紧张时心脏会快速跳动，beat“跳动”符合语境。hit“打”、jumped“跳”、ran“跑”均不能与heart搭配表示心跳。 7．句意：她点点头，对我微笑。 由原文“Then I saw Wen Jing in the second row”以及“smiled at me”可知，Wen Jing坐在第二排，因此是好友在台下用点头微笑的方式给紧张的作者鼓励，nodded符合语境。 8．句意：我深吸一口气，开始演讲。 由原文“and began”和前后语境可知，开始演讲前需要深呼吸，take a deep breath为固定搭配，意为“深呼吸”，breath“呼吸”符合语境。look“看”、sleep“睡觉”、step“步”均不符合。 9．句意：起初我的声音很低，但它变得越来越强。 由原文“but it grew stronger and stronger”可知，起初声音低，后来变强，low“低的”符合语境。strong“强的”、sweet“甜美的”、loud“大声的”均与后文“grew stronger”矛盾。 10．句意：那天我学到了重要的一点：最大的敌人不是别人，而是我自己。 由原文“the biggest enemy is not others, but ...”可知，作者意识到最大的敌人是自己，myself“我自己”符合语境。himself“他自己”、herself“她自己”、yourself“你自己”均不符合。 Passage D My name is Han Mei. Last month, our school had a 1 , and our teacher asked me to play the flute with Wei Fang, a new student from another class. Wei Fang is quite different from me. She is taller and more 2 than I am, and she plays louder than me. At first, I was 3 . “My music is too soft,” I thought. “Our piece will sound strange.” But Wei Fang didn’t think so. “Your notes are 4 and more beautiful than mine,” she said with a smile. “If we play 5 , our music will be richer. Different is good!” So we practised every afternoon for two weeks. She taught me how to play 6 , and I helped her read the music more 7 . Little by little, our two sounds became 8 . On the day of the festival, we stood on the stage together. When we finished, everyone in the hall clapped warmly. We won 9 prize! Now I understand: being different is not a problem. Like two different 10 , we can make better music together. 1．A．music festival B．sports meeting C．art show D．book sale 2．A．serious B．lazy C．outgoing D．quiet 3．A．excited B．worried C．bored D．relaxed 4．A．louder B．faster C．higher D．softer 5．A．alone B．together C．again D．instead 6．A．sadly B．angrily C．bravely D．slowly 7．A．quickly B．loudly C．easily D．carefully 8．A．one B．two C．soft D．loud 9．A．first B．last C．second D．no 10．A．books B．instruments C．colours D．flowers 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述韩梅和魏芳在学校音乐节合作吹笛子的故事。两人风格不同，通过互助练习，最终融合声音赢得一等奖，明白了差异之美。 【详解】 1．句意：上个月，我们学校举办了一场音乐节，老师让我和来自另一个班的新生魏芳一起演奏长笛。 根据后文演奏长笛的语境，应选用music festival，表示“音乐节”；sports meeting“运动会”；art show“艺术展”；book sale“图书售卖”，均不符。 2．句意：她比我高，也比我外向，而且她吹奏的声音比我响亮。 根据后文她吹奏声音更大的描述，应选用outgoing，表示“外向的”；serious“严肃的”；lazy“懒惰的”；quiet“安静的”，逻辑不符。 3．句意：一开始，我很担心。 根据后文韩梅内心的顾虑，应选用worried，表示“担心的”；excited“兴奋的”；bored“无聊的”；relaxed“放松的”，逻辑不通。 4．句意：“你的音符比我的更轻柔、更优美。”她笑着说。 根据前文“My music is too soft”，应选用softer，表示“更轻柔的”；louder“更响亮的”；faster“更快的”；higher“更高的”，均不符。 5．句意：“如果我们一起演奏，我们的音乐会更加丰富。不同也是好事！” 根据二人合奏的语境，应选用together，表示“一起”；alone“独自”；again“再一次”；instead“代替”，逻辑不符。 6．句意：她教我如何勇敢地吹奏，我帮她更仔细地识谱。 根据前文我担心自己的音乐“too soft”，而王芳的演奏风格更大胆外放，随后两人互相取长补短练习乐曲，说明王芳教我更勇敢地去演奏，应选用bravely，表示“勇敢地”；sadly“伤心地”；angrily“生气地”；slowly“缓慢地”，逻辑不通。 7．句意：她教我如何勇敢地吹奏，我帮她更仔细地识谱。 根据识谱需要细心的语境，应选用carefully，表示“仔细地”；quickly“快速地”；loudly“大声地”；easily“容易地”，均不符。 8．句意：渐渐地，我们两种声音融为一体 指两种声音融合成一体，应选用one，表示“一体，一个”；two“两个”；soft“轻柔的”；loud“响亮的”，逻辑不符。 9．句意：我们赢得了一等奖！ 两人坚持每天下午练习两周，登台表演结束后全场观众热烈鼓掌，说明演出获得大家高度认可，应选用first，表示“第一”；second“第二”；last“最后的”；no“没有”，逻辑不通。 10．句意：就像两种不同的乐器，我们一起能演奏出更好的音乐。 根据前文演奏长笛的音乐场景，应选用instruments，表示“乐器”；books“书本”；colours“颜色”；flowers“花朵”，均不符。 三、任务型阅读 Passage A 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 What makes a girl beautiful? Who is beautiful in your eyes? Linda says her deskmate Maya is a beautiful girl. She is kind to everyone. She has a lot of interests such as singing, writing, and playing with her friends. She loves eating cakes and often tries to make some. We sell orange juice together to make money to help children in need. Maya is a great person. I love having her as a friend. Susan says her friend Sally is a beautiful girl: Sally is an outgoing girl. She loves to read books and listen to music. She loves writing too. She often writes stories with her friends. She is working as a writer for a children’s magazine. I am a little shy. She shares a lot of things with me. It is so great to have her in my life. An 11-year-old girl called Anna thinks that she herself is a beautiful girl. I try any sport I can. I like basketball, soccer, tennis, and swimming. I love writing, drawing and making comics (连环漫画) and I often share them on the Internet. My friend Linda and I started the school newspaper at our primary school. I am always busy helping kids in the school write stories for it. I am also a very good helper at home. 1．How do Linda and Maya help children in need? 2．What does Sally often do with her friends? 3．Where does Anna often share her comics? 4．What common interest do Maya, Sally and Anna have? 5．What do you think makes a girl beautiful? Why do you think so? 【答案】1．They sell orange juice together to make money. 2．She often writes stories with them. 3． On the Internet. 4．Writing. 5．Kindness. Because it helps others. 【导语】本文主要讲述了Linda、Susan和Anna三个人对于“什么样的女孩是美丽的”这一话题的看法及具体事例。 【详解】 1．文章“We sell orange juice together to make money to help children in need”：她们通过一起卖橙汁赚钱来帮助孩子。 2．文章“She often writes stories with her friends”：她经常和朋友们一起写故事。 3．文章“I often share them on the Internet.”：她经常在互联网上分享漫画。 4．文章“Maya is a…writing”、“Sally is…loves writing too”及“I love writing”：可推知三人的共同兴趣是写作。 5．本题为开放性问题，结合文章主题作答即可。 Passage B Diana is my good friend. She is a beautiful girl. She often thinks that she is good to others. One day after school, I was waiting for Diana when Vivien came up to me. She gave me a cake, and I took it. We talked happily. From then on, I began to spend more time with Vivien than with Diana. However, I also began to feel a little uneasy. After a few days, I went to see Diana with some gifts and at that time, Vivien came and sat with us. She gave me an apple. She also gave one to Diana, but Diana didn’t take it. She walked away. I was unhappy about Diana’s attitude (态度). I thought she was so impolite. “Never mind,” Vivien said. “I am used to (习惯于) it.” After school, I tried to follow Diana. When we walked home, I tried to correct her attitude, but she didn’t listen to me. She said, “Go and join your ‘dear’ Vivien. I know you make new friends and forget the old ones.” For a few weeks, we did not talk to each other. Then, one day, Diana came to Vivien and me. She said, “I’m really sorry about what I did. Would you please forgive (原谅) me?” Vivien and I looked at each other and smiled. Till now, Diana, Vivien and I are still best friends. 1．Who did the writer meet when she was waiting for Diana? 2．What did Vivien give to Diana after a few days? 3．How did the writer feel about Diana’s attitude to Vivien? 4．Why did Diana ask the writer and Vivien to forgive her? 5．What do you do after arguing with your friend? Why? 【答案】 1．The writer met Vivien./Vivien. 2．She/Vivien gave an apple to Diana after a few days./An apple. 3．The writer felt unhappy about it. 4．Because she/Diana was really sorry about what she did. 5．I often call him/her to say sorry because I don’t want to talk to him/her face to face. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者、Diana和Vivien之间从误会到和解，最终成为好朋友的故事。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“One day after school, I was waiting for Diana when Vivien came up to me.”可知，当作者在等Diana时，她遇到了Vivien。 2．根据第三段“She gave me an apple. She also gave one to Diana”可知，Vivien给Diana的是一个苹果。 3．根据第三段“I was unhappy about Diana’s attitude”可知，作者对Diana对Vivien的态度感到不高兴。 4．根据第六段Diana说的话“I’m really sorry about what I did. Would you please forgive me?”可知，她请求原谅是因为她对自己的所作所为感到抱歉。 5．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合日常实际，合情合理地说明自己与朋友争吵后的做法及原因，表达清晰即可。 Passage C Do you think that you are not outgoing enough? Are you too shy to make friends? Read the following rules. They will help you. Feel comfortable. Always be clean. Take a shower, brush your teeth, and try to look nice. Dress in clean clothes. They must make you feel good and comfortable. Then your friends will like you very much. Smile more often. If you try to smile more often at people, it will make them think that you are friendly. Then people want to talk to you more even if they don’t know you. Just talk. Some people worry about talking because they think, “What am I going to talk about with that person?” Outgoing people don’t even think about it. They just go up to people and say what they think. Listen to people. You can’t just talk all the time. You have to listen to others and give your ideas. Let them know you care about them. Read the news! Don’t just stay at home and do nothing. Surf the Internet for news and information, and talk about them when you are with your friends. 1．How many rules are mentioned in this passage? 2．What’s the first rule in the passage? 3．Will people think you’re friendly if you try to smile more often at them? 4．Which rule can let people know you care about them? 5．Do you think making friends in junior high school is good for your study? Why or why not? 【答案】 1．Five/5. 2．Feel comfortable. 3．Yes, they will. 4．Listen to people. 5．Yes. We study together and encourage each other to make progress. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了帮助害羞的人变得外向并交朋友的五条规则。 【详解】 1．文章从第二段开始，每一段开头都直接给出了一条具体的规则“Feel comfortable.”,、“Smile more often.”、 “Just talk.”、“Listen to people.”和“Read the news!”），提取段落数量即可得出答案，共5条规则，应填Five./5. 2．根据题目询问第一条规则，定位到文章第二段开头，原文直接给出了“Feel comfortable.”作为第一条规则，应填Feel comfortable. 3．根据关键词“friendly”和“smile more often”定位到文章第三段，原文明确指出“ If you try to smile more often at people, it will make them think that you are friendly.”（如果你尝试对人们多微笑，这会让他们觉得你很友好），因此，是肯定回答，应填Yes, they will. 4．根据关键词“care about them”定位到文章第五段，该段主要阐述了“倾听”的重要性，并在最后一句明确总结“You have to listen to others and give your ideas. Let them know you care about them.”，说明倾听他人，让他们知道你关心他们，应填Listen to people. 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于常识且言之有理。结合文章关于交友的建议以及自身对初中学习生活的理解，给出明确的观点并附上合理的理由即可，可填Yes. We study together and encourage each other to make progress. $