Unit 2 Period 4 Extended reading, Project, Assessment 课时精讲-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修二同步教参（译林版）

Period 4　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study What's the main idea of the passage? A．Idioms and language develop hand in hand. B．Introduction about the development of sports and language. C．Some idioms related to different kinds of sports. D．The relationship between sports and language. 答案：C 1．What do we learn about idioms? A．They are easy to understand literally. B．They bring much trouble to people. C．They only exist in written language. D．They make the language colourful. 2．Which of the following can be seen as an act of “moving the goalposts”？ A．To change the target in the process. B．To stick to the rules or requirements. C．To fix two big goalposts to the ground. D．To head the ball into the opposing team's goal. 3．Which idiom can you use if someone makes a bad mistake that unintentionally harms their own interests? A.Below the belt. B．Throwing in the towel. C．Throwing someone a curveball. D．Scoring an own goal. 4．What does it mean if a man says the figures are “in the ballpark”？ A．He estimated the figures roughly. B．He estimated the figures accurately. C．He estimated the figures correctly. D．He estimated the figures are in the ballpark. 答案：1～4.DADA Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．in each training session　　　　 在每次训练期间 2．successful sportspeople quickly become celebrity 成功的体育人士迅速成为名人 3．every language has its idioms 每种语言都有自己的习语 4．football leagues 足球联赛 5．the net between two big goalposts 两个大门柱之间的网 6．an insurance salesman 一个保险销售员 7．be difficult to handle 很难应对 8．use his or her fists to hit the opponent below the waist 用他的或她的拳头击打对手腰部以下 9．make an unfair and cruel remark 说了一句不公平的、残酷的话 10．Iron Hammer 铁榔头 Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量→limited adj.有限的→limitation n．限制，控制；局限；限度→(反义词)limitless adj.无限的 2．opposing adj.对抗的；相反的→oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 3．insurance n．保险业；保险；保险费→insure v．给……保险；投保 4．complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉→complaint n．抱怨 5．cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的→cruelly adv.残酷地→cruelty n．残忍；残酷 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．We shouldn't complain about(抱怨) being poor—many families are much worse off than we are. 2．What made me embarrassed was that no one responded to(回答) my question. 3．Health problems are connected with(和……有关) bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. 4．The doctors will never give up on(放弃) a patient, and their efforts do sometimes end in miracles. 5．I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it(成功) at last. 6．Before the sales start, I make a list of(列……的清单) what my kids will need for the coming season. Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．since引导原因状语从句 Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life(由于体育是日常生活中不可缺少的一部分), there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.(Para.1) [分析]　此句中还包含there be句型，其中that引导定语从句。 2．as引导定语从句 As you know(正如你所知道的), in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team's goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.(Para.3) [分析]　此句中还包含which引导的非限制性定语从句。 3．every time引导时间状语从句 Can you imagine that every time you have a chance to score(每次你有机会得分时), the goalposts are moved？(Para.3) 4．“Sb./Sth.be said to do...”意为“据说……” If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal(他们就被说是进了乌龙球).(Para.4) [分析]　此句中还包含if引导的条件状语从句。 　　　　　　 　limit n.限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量 【经典例句】 ①(教材P20)I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before. 尽管我的极限受到了前所未有的考验，但我还是轻松自信地跑完了比赛。 ②(北师大选必一U2)I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond what most thought were healthy. 我把极限提升到了大多数人认为超出健康范围之外的程度。 (1) there is a/no limit to (doing) sth. 对(做)某事是有限的/无限的 set a limit to...　　 限制…… limit...to... 把……限定 在……范围内 (2) limited adj. 有限的 be limited to sth. 受限制于某物 (3) limitless adj. 无限制的；无限的 limitation n. 限制，局限 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)The length of the article should be limited(limit) to 400 words or so. (2)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited(limit) resources. (3)Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it. (4)我们不应该把英语学习局限在课堂上，课堂之外还有各种各样的英语学习方法，比如听英文歌和阅读英语书籍。 We shouldn't limit our English learning to the classroom and there are varieties of English learning approaches beyond the classroom，such as listening to English songs and reading English books.[应用文写作之语言学习] (5)一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。 There is a limit to one's life, but there is no limit to serving the people． [应用文写作之演讲稿] 　　　　　　 　opposing adj.对抗的；相反的 【经典例句】 ①These opposing views should be brought together in a single paragraph to form the conclusion to your essay. 这些相反的观点应该被整合到一个段落中以构成你文章的结论。 ②This exercise develops suppleness as opposed to strength. 这项锻炼是增强柔韧性，而不是增强力量。 (1)oppose vt. 　 反对；反抗；与(某人) 较量 oppose (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 反对(某人)做某事 (2)opposed adj.　 反对的，对抗的，敌对的 be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事 as opposed to... 和……对照；而不是…… 【单句语法填空/句式升级】 (1)Everyday subject matter was the main focus of their works, as opposed to the history paintings that had traditionally dominated European art. (2)Many people opposed performing(perform) their duty, so I inferred that we would fail. (3)Because all of my friends were opposed to my plan, I couldn't help sobbing, hiding my face in my hands. →With all of my friends opposed to my plan, I couldn't help sobbing, hiding my face in my hands.(with复合结构)[读后续写之情绪描写] 　　　　　　 　insurance n.保险业；保险；保险费 【经典例句】 Most employers offer health insurance as part of their benefits package to attract talent. 大多数雇主将医疗保险作为福利套餐的一部分，以吸引人才。 (1)insurance on/upon... ……方面的保险 take out insurance 加入/办理保险 (2)insure v. 给……保险；为……投保 insure against... 对……采取预防措施 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)He has $20，000 fire insurance on/upon his house. (2)No matter what precautions you may take, you cannot insure against every eventuality. (3)强烈建议你办理保险。 It is strongly advised that you take out insurance． 　　　　　　 　complain vi.& vt.抱怨，投诉 【经典例句】 ①(教材P25)An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target, only for the company to make the target higher, could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts. 一个即将达到年度销售目标的保险销售员，只有公司把目标提高了，他才有理由抱怨公司移动了门柱。 ②(人教必修三U2)The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody making an attempt to move it. 国王观察了一整天，看到很多人都埋怨这块石头，却发现没人试着把它挪开。 (1)complain (to sb.) of/about sth. (向某人)抱怨某事 complain (to sb.) that... (向某人)抱怨…… (2)complaint n. 抱怨；牢骚；投诉 make a complaint to sb. of/about... 向某人投诉/抱怨…… 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)He complained to the hotel manager that the meal was cold. (2)It's no use complaining about the heavy air pollution without taking action. (3)她总是向我抱怨她无聊的工作。 →She always complains to me of/about her boring work．(complain) →She always makes a complaint to me of/about her boring work．(complaint) complain用作及物动词时，不能用于被动语态，其后只能接that从句，不接名词或代词。 　　　　　　 　cruel adj.刻毒伤人的，残酷的 【经典例句】 Winter arrived with a cruel bite, freezing the lakes and burying fields under thick ice. 冬天带着残酷的寒意来临，冻住了湖泊，让田野覆盖着厚厚的冰层。 (1)be cruel to...对……残暴；对……残忍；虐待…… (2)cruelty n. 残酷；残忍；残暴 cruelly adv. 残酷地；残暴地 【单句语法填空】 (1)In Britain, if you treat animals cruelly(cruel), you will be taken to the court. (2)The play Death of a Salesman exposes the cruelty(cruel) of the American business world. (3)Long long ago, there lived a king who was cruel to his people. 　　　　　　 　remark n.谈论，言论；评述 vi.& vt.说起，谈到；评论；谈论 【经典例句】 ①(教材P26)In day-to-day life, if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark, we can describe it as “below the belt”． 在日常生活中，如果有人说了一句不公平的、残酷的话，我们可以用“below the belt(不公正的，伤人的)”来形容。 ②(外研选必一U1)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但他同样因日常人际交往中的风趣的言辞而闻名。 (1)make a remark/remarks on/upon...　　 对……发表评论 (2)remark on/upon... 谈论/评论…… remark that... 谈到/说起…… (3)remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 be remarkable for... 以……著称/引人瞩目 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)To his parents' satisfaction, he has made remarkable(remark) progress in English. (2)It would be rude to remark on/upon a person's appearance. (3)李老师谈了一些学生考试作弊的情况，她的话给我们留下了深刻的印象。 →Miss Li remarked on/upon some students' cheating in exams, whose words left a deep impression on us. →Miss Li made a remark/remarks on/upon some students' cheating in exams, whose words left a deep impression on us. 　　　　　　 　as引导定语从句 【经典例句】 ①(教材P25)As you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team's goal, which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground. 正如你所知道的，在足球比赛中，球员们努力把球踢进或用头顶进对方的球门，而球门是固定在地面上的两个大门柱之间的网。 ②(人教选必二U4)During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. 第一天，温哥华一如往常，细雨蒙蒙。 (1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，意为“正如”，通常放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后或主句之中。常见的用法有as we all know/as is known to us all(众所周知)、as is often the case(这是常有的事)、as is expected(正如所期望的)等； (2)as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常用such、the same、as、so等修饰； (3)which引导非限制性定语从句时，意为“这一点，这件事”，不可位于句首。 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)(外研必修三U1)I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. (2)As is often the case with young people, they are full of energy and enthusiasm. (3)You should read only such books as you can understand without much difficulty. (4)众所周知，没有奉献和挫折就没有任何成就。 →It is known to us that nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. (it作形式主语) →As is known to us, nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. (as引导定语从句) →What is known to us is that nothing can be achieved without dedication and frustration. (what引导主语从句) 　　　　　　 　“Sb./Sth. be said to do...”意为“据说……” 【经典例句】 ①(教材P25)If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests, they are said to have scored an own goal. 如果有人犯了一个严重的错误，无意中损害了自己的利益，他们就被说是进了乌龙球。 ②(外研选必一U5)Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. 据说，亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过一棵这样的树。 (1)教材原句中“Sb./Sth.be said to do...”句型可转换为“It is said that...”或“People say that...”。该句型中动词不定式有时态和语态的变化： (2)常用于该句型的过去分词还有thought、 believed、 suggested、 known、 reported等。 【单句语法填空/句型转换/一句多译】 (1)Thomas Edison was considered to have invented(invent) the bulb, which benefits people greatly. (2)It is believed that he is doing volunteer work at a local shelter, helping those in need. →He is believed to be doing volunteer work at a local shelter, helping those in need. (3)据说，中国剪纸在中国有着1 500多年的历史，反映了中国人民的传统文化和习俗。 →It is said that Chinese paper-cutting has a history of more than 1，500 years in China, reflecting the traditional culture and customs of the Chinese people. →Chinese paper-cutting is said to have a history of more than 1，500 years in China, reflecting the traditional culture and customs of the Chinese people.[应用文写作之传统文化] Lots of sports idioms have found their way 1.into everyday language, which make language more colourful and expressive. The English language is full of idioms which are thought 2.to have come(come) from football, such as “moving the goalposts”， “scoring an own goal”. “Moving the goalposts”3.means(mean) they unfairly change the rules or 4.requirements(require) of a process while “scoring an own goal” means that someone makes a bad mistake which 5.unintentionally(intentional) harms their own interests. Baseball is another old and popular sport that has given the English language many different idioms. “Three strikes and you are out” is also an idiom that is often used to talk about situations 6.where you miss three chances. English also has a large number of idioms 7.related (relate) to boxing, which has been a popular sport for thousands of years. Sport is 8.challenging (challenge) and so is the study of the English language. Work hard, be careful not to score 9.an own goal, and you are sure to make 10.it! Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I am fond of Tom's attitude to life; he never complains about anything. 2．(外研选必二U5)As we know, in 2016, Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. 3．It was predicted that the temperature of the next month would continue to fall. 4．At the sight of this cruelty(cruel), they could hardly contain their anger. 5．The mother opposed her daughter's going(go) there alone. 6．Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．正如这句名言所说：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”(as引导非限制性定语从句) As the famous saying goes，“A good beginning is half done.” 2．每次参加会议，我都会确保提前做好充分准备。(every time引导时间状语从句) Every time I attend a meeting, I make sure to prepare well in advance. 3．据说这座古寺建于唐代，已有一千多年的历史。(Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do...) The ancient temple is said to have been built during the Tang Dynasty, with a history of over 1，000 years. 4．在面试中，她对工作与生活平衡的重要性发表了一句深思熟虑的评论。 During the interview, she made a thoughtful remark on the importance of work-life balance. 5．由于项目截止日期临近，我们这周需要加班。(since引导原因状语从句) Since the project deadline is approaching， we need to work overtime this week. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $