Unit 1 Period 2 Grammar and usage 课时精讲-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修二同步教参（译林版）

Period 2　Grammar and usage 过去完成时 一、过去完成时及其用法 (1)(教材P2)By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. 截至此时，火势已蔓延至15楼。 (2)(教材P2)There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.　有人担心，建造大楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规定。 (3)(人教选必二U3)When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. 我和家人一到中国，就在北京寻找一个吃饭的好去处。 (4)She had intended to take part in the English speech contest, yet she caught a bad cold and had to give up. 她本打算参加英语演讲比赛，却因为得了重感冒而不得不放弃。 (5)No sooner had I sat down at my desk than the bell for class rang. 我刚在书桌旁坐下，上课铃就响了。 (6)It was the second time that she had won the first prize in the English writing competition. 那是她第二次在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。 (7)It was three years since she had moved to this city, and she had made many good friends here. 她搬到这座城市已经三年了，在这里她交到了很多好朋友。 1．过去完成时的结构 类　型 主动语态 被动语态 肯定形式 had done had been done 否定形式 had not done had not been done 一般疑问句 had＋主语＋done　 had＋主语＋been done　 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋done　 特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done　 2.过去完成时的用法 (1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生的动作或状态； (2)过去完成时还表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，可能还要继续下去； (3)动词think、want、hope、mean、plan、intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等； (4)在“hardly...when”“no sooner...than”“scarcely...when”句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时； (5)在“It was＋一段时间＋since...”句型中，从句用过去完成时； (6)在“It/This/That was the first/second/...time ＋ that...”句型中，从句用过去完成时。 二、过去完成时的被动语态 (1)(人教选必二U3)Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 在来中国之前，我唯一一次体验中餐是在美国，那里的中餐已根据美国人的口味进行了调整。 (2)He thought that the difficult math problem had been solved by his deskmate before class. 他原以为那道很难的数学题课前就已经被他的同桌解出来了。 1．过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经完成的被动的动作，常与by、 before等引导的时间状语连用； 2．在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时的被动语态。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you had made(make) several decisions even without noticing. 2．(2023·北京卷)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest had arrived(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 3．By the end of last year, he had worked(work) in the factory for twenty years. 4．It was the first time that we had been introduced(introduce) at the conference. 5．I had expected(expect) the operation to be painful, but I didn't feel a thing. 6．It was five days since the library had bought (buy) those new science books, and many students had borrowed them. 7．I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened (happen). 8．My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had eaten(eat). 9．By about 6，000 BCE, people had discovered (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 10．When he arrived at the spot, the injured had been sent(send) to the hospital. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．这是她第一次出国旅行，她感到既兴奋又有些紧张。 It was the first time that she had traveled abroad, and she felt both excited and nervous. 2．自从他上次回家乡以来已经过去了三年，很多事情都改变了。 It was three years since he had last visited his hometown, and much had changed． 3．数学考试开始前，所有试卷都已经被分发给了每位学生，大家都做好了答题准备。 Before the math exam began, all the test papers had been distributed to every student, and everyone was ready to write. 4．莉莉到图书馆时，她想借的那本故事书已经被另一个学生借走了，于是她选了一本小说。 When Lily arrived at the library, the storybook she wanted to borrow had been taken by another student, so she chose a novel instead. 5．老师刚讲完课文，下课铃就响了。 Hardly had the teacher finished explaining the text when the bell for break rang. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $