UNIT 4 HUMOUR 教材助读-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修二同步教参（北师大版）

教材原文助读1 ①saucer ['sɔːsə] n．杯托 ②doorway ['dɔːweI] n．门口，出入口 ③antique [ˌæn'tiːk] n．古董 adj.古时制造的 ④casually ['kæʒuəli] adv.漫不经心地；非正式地 casual adj.随意的 ⑤innocently ['Inəsəntli] adv.装作若无其事地；无辜地 innocent adj.无辜的，清白的 ⑥for sale待售 on sale在售 ⑦appetite ['æpItaIt] n．胃口，食欲 have an appetite for喜欢…… ⑧hand over移交 take over接管 ⑨be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 ⑩save sb. from...使某人省去……的麻烦 ⑪so far到目前为止，常与现在完成时连用 Story A [1]A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer① in the doorway② of a store. He did a double take. [1]本句为“be doing...when...”句型。when为并列连词，意为“此时、这时”。句中动词-ing形式“lapping milk from a saucer”作宾语补足语。 [2]He noticed that the saucer was an antique③ and very valuable, so he walked casually④ into the store and innocently⑤ offered to buy the cat for 20 dollars. [2]本句为so连接的并列句。前一分句含有that引导的宾语从句。 The store owner replied，“I'm sorry, but the cat isn't for sale⑥．” The collector said，“Please, I need a hungry cat [3]with a good appetite⑦ around the house to catch mice. I'll pay you 200 dollars for that cat.” [3]此处介词短语“with a good appetite”作后置定语修饰cat；动词不定式“to catch mice”作目的状语。 The owner said “sold” and handed over⑧ the cat. The collector continued，“Hey, for the 200 dollars [4]I wonder if you could throw in that old saucer. The cat's used to⑨ it and it'll save me from⑩ having to get a dish.” [4]此处I wonder是主句，其后是if引导的宾语从句。 And the owner said，“Sorry my friend, but that's my lucky saucer. So far⑪ this week I've sold 68 cats.” 故事A 一个著名的艺术品收藏家正在城市中漫步，这时他看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。他惊讶地又看了一眼。 他注意到浅碟是一件古董，很值钱，于是他漫不经心地走进店里，假装不知情的样子，提出要花20美元买那只猫。 商店老板回答道，“抱歉，这只猫不卖。” 收藏家说：“拜托了，我正需要一只又饿、胃口又好的猫帮我抓屋里的老鼠。我可以付200美元买那只猫。” 店主说了声“成交”，就把猫给了他。 收藏家接着说：“嘿，我想知道200美元的话，你能不能把那个旧碟子送给我。毕竟这猫已经习惯了用它，这样也省得我再去买猫食盆了。” 店主说：“对不起，朋友，那可是我的幸运碟。本周截至目前我已经卖出去68只猫了。” ①go on a trip去旅行 ②retire v．退休；睡觉 retirement n．退休 ③faithful ['feIθfəl] adj.忠诚的 be faithful to...对……忠诚 faith n．信任，信心 have faith in sb.信任某人 faithfully adv.忠诚地 ④deduce [dI'djuːs] vt.推论，推断 deduce from...从……推断 ⑤according to根据 ⑥astronomy [ə'strɒnəmi] n.天文学 ⑦galaxy ['ɡæləksi] n．星系 ⑧potentially [pə'tenʃəli] adv.可能地，潜在地 potential n．潜力 adj.潜在的 ⑨observe v．注意到 ⑩scientific [ˌsaIən'tIfIk] adj.科学(上)的 science n．科学 scientist n．科学家 ⑪measurement ['meʒəmənt] n．测量，计量，衡量 measure v．测量 n．措施 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 ⑫atmosphere ['ætməsfIə] n.大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境 ⑬forecast ['fɔːkɑːst] vt.预测，预报 ⑭for a moment一会儿 Story B Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson went on a camping trip①. After a good dinner and a bottle of wine, they retired② for the night, and went to sleep. Some hours later, Holmes woke up and asked his faithful③ friend，“Watson, look up at the sky and tell me [1]what you see．” [1]此处是what引导的宾语从句。　 “I see millions and millions of stars, Holmes，” replied Watson. “And what do you deduce④ from that？” Watson thought for a minute.“Well, according to⑤ the studies on astronomy⑥， it tells me [2]that there are millions of galaxies⑦ and potentially⑧ billions of planets． According to the positions of the stars, I observe⑨ that Saturn is in Leo. According to the scientific⑩ measurement⑪ of time, I deduce that the time is probably a quarter past three. According to the current atmosphere⑫， I forecast⑬ that we will have a beautiful day tomorrow. What does it tell you, Holmes？” [2]此处是that引导的宾语从句；其中包含there be句型。　 Holmes was silent for a moment⑭．“Watson，”he said，“someone has stolen our tent！” 故事B 夏洛克·福尔摩斯和华生医生去野营。他们吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐，喝了瓶酒，就准备休息，去睡觉了。 几小时后，福尔摩斯醒了，问他忠实的朋友：“华生，抬头看看天空，告诉我你看到了什么。” “福尔摩斯，我看到了无数的星星，”华生回答。 “那你从中推断出什么？” 华生想了一会儿。“嗯，根据天文学研究推断，现在天空中有数百万的星系，可能还有数十亿颗行星。根据星星的位置，我观察到现在土星在狮子座。根据科学计时测算，我推断现在大概是三点一刻。根据目前的大气条件，我预测明天天气会很好。福尔摩斯，你推断出了什么？” 福尔摩斯沉默了一会儿。“华生，”他说，“有人偷了我们的帐篷！” ①middle-aged adj.中年的 ②feel down感到沮丧 ③go wrong出错 ④leave...for...离开……去…… ⑤depressed adj.沮丧的 depress vt.使沮丧 depressing adj.令人沮丧的 depression n．沮丧 ⑥surgery ['sɜːdʒəri] n．诊所；外科手术 ⑦bleed ['bliːd] vi.流血，出血 blood n．血液 ⑧sneeze [sniːz] vi.& n.打喷嚏 ⑨scream [skriːm] vi.尖声大叫n.尖叫声 ⑩call in找来；叫去 call for需要；要求 call off取消 call on号召 ⑪consultation [ˌkɒnsəl'teIʃən] n．就诊；咨询 consult v．咨询 ⑫turn to转向…… ⑬crisis ['kraIsIs] n．危难时刻；危机 ⑭examine [Iɡ'zæmIn] vt.检查 examination n．检查；考试 ⑮announce [ə'naʊns] vt.宣布，宣告 announcement n．宣布 ⑯afterwards ['ɑːftəwədz] adv.随后，后来 ⑰slightly adv.轻微地 slight adj.轻微的 ⑱otherwise adv.否则 ⑲do sb. a lot of good对某人很有好处 ⑳circus ['sɜːkəs] n．马戏团 ㉑amazing adj.令人惊讶的 amaze vt.使惊讶 amazed adj.惊讶的 be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 ㉒clown [klaʊn] n．小丑 Story C A middle-aged① man was feeling very down②. [1]Everything had been going wrong③ for him. He had had problems at work and his wife had left him for④ another man. So, [2]after he had been feeling depressed⑤ for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. [3]He had to wait for what seemed like ages in the doctor's surgery⑥. [4]The bleeding⑦ man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing⑧ badly；and a baby was screaming⑨. Finally, after he had been waiting for about half an hour, he was called in⑩ for his consultation⑪. The doctor was writing a note at her desk when he came in.“Sorry, I'm just finishing something. I'm afraid we've been very busy this morning.” She then turned to⑫ the man.“So, what's the problem？” she asked. [1]本句使用了过去完成进行时，其构成是“had been doing”。 [2]此处after引导时间状语从句，从句中使用了过去完成进行时。 [3]本句中包含“介词＋what”引导的宾语从句。 [4]此处是动词-ing形式作定语。 “Well, [5]I've been having a bit of a crisis⑬， you know, lots of problems，”replied the man.“And I've been doing a lot of work．” [5]此处使用了现在完成进行时，其构成是“have/has been doing”。 “Mmm, you're looking very pale.”The doctor started to examine⑭ him.“Well, everything is working OK，”she announced⑮ afterwards⑯. “You have slightly⑰ high blood pressure and you're breathing quite heavily, but otherwise⑱ everything's fine.” “So what can I do？”asked the man.“I'm going on a trip soon. I [6]will be working in the United States for three months. This time next week, I'll be arriving in New York.” [6]此处使用了将来进行时，其构成是“will be doing”。 The doctor thought for a while.“[7]I think what you need is a good laugh. That would do you a lot of good⑲. A circus⑳ is performing in town. Why don't you go to see it? I hear there's an amazing㉑ clown㉒ who'll really [8]make you laugh. His name's Grock.” [7]“I think”是主句；“what you need is a good laugh”是宾语从句，“what you need”是主语从句。 [8]此处是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 “I am Grock，” replied the man sadly. 故事C 一个中年男子感到非常沮丧。最近他诸事不顺。他在工作上遇到了问题，妻子跟别的男人跑了。因此，在沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。他在诊室里等着，像是等了好几个世纪。旁边流血的男人紧张地看着手表；一个女人剧烈地咳嗽和打喷嚏；还有个婴儿在哭闹。等了半小时后，终于到他就诊了。他进去时医生正在办公桌上写便条。“抱歉，我刚忙完别的事，恐怕今天上午很忙。”之后她转向中年人问道：“你怎么了？” “是这样的，我最近遭遇了一点危机，嗯，出现了很多问题，”那人回答道，“而且我工作一直很忙。” “嗯，你脸色很苍白。”医生开始给他检查。“不过一切正常，”她随后说。“你的血压有点高，呼吸有些沉重，但其他方面都正常。” “那我该怎么办？”那人问道。“我很快就要出差了，要在美国连续工作三个月。下周的这个时候，我将会到纽约了。” 医生想了一会儿。“我认为你需要开怀大笑，笑出来对你很有好处。城里刚好有马戏团表演，你怎么不去看看呢？我听说马戏团里有个很棒的小丑，他肯定能逗笑你。他的名字叫格罗克。” “可我就是格罗克，”那人悲伤地回答。 教材原文助读2 ①reputation [ˌrepjʊ'teIʃən] n．名誉，名望 ②encounter [In'kaʊntə] vt.遇到 ③amuse [ə'mjuːz] vt.使开心；逗笑 amused adj.好笑的 amusing adj.令人好笑的 ④a series of一系列的 ⑤rely [rI'laI] vi.依赖 rely on依赖；信赖 ⑥purely ['pjʊəli] adv. 完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 pure adj.纯的；纯粹的 ⑦universal [ˌjuːnI'vɜːsəl] adj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的 universe n．宇宙 ⑧episode ['epIsəʊd] n.一集 ⑨take out拿出 ⑩look back回顾 ⑪astonished [ə'stɒnIʃt] adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 astonish vt.使惊讶 astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonishment n．惊讶 ⑫with concern担心地 ⑬steak [steIk] n．牛排 ⑭raw [rɔː] adj.生的 ⑮make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事 ⑯chew [tʃuː] vi.& vt.咀嚼 ⑰indicate vt.说明，显示 ⑱busy oneself doing sth. 使自己忙于做某事 ⑲vase [vɑːz] n．花瓶 ⑳desperate adj.绝望的； 渴望的 be desperate for sth. 渴望得到某物 desperately adv.绝望地 ㉑ in the end最后，终于 ㉒ purse [pɜːs] n．女用手提包；女式钱包 TEXT 1 Mr Bean Mr Bean is an internationally recognised comedy character in films and TV series. He has a reputation① for constantly encountering② awkward situations, which greatly amuses③ audiences of all nationalities and cultures. His humour is always made clear through a series of④simple and funny acts [1]that rely⑤ purely⑥ on body language that is universal⑦． [1]此处两个that均引导定语从句，分别修饰acts和body language。 One of my favourite episodes⑧ was Mr Bean in a fancy restaurant. [2]After being seated at his table, Mr Bean takes out⑨ a card, writes a few words on it, puts it in an envelope and places it on the table. After a moment, he looks back⑩ at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, [3]as if he did not know it was there. He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. [2]此处是介词短语作状语，after作介词，后接动词－ing形式作宾语。 [3]此处是as if引导的方式状语从句。 When he looks at the menu, an astonished⑪ look quickly appears on his face. He takes all the money out of his wallet, counts it and puts it in a saucer. He then looks from the menu to the money with concern⑫ [4]until he finds one thing that makes him smile. Then he orders a dish called “steak⑬ tartare”. When the dish arrives, he is shocked [5]to discover that “steak tartare” is actually raw⑭ hamburger. He makes an attempt to⑮ eat it, but it is clear from the look on his face as he is chewing⑯ that he finds the taste truly awful. He cannot hide his feelings, except [6]when the waiters ask if everything is all right. When this happens, he smiles and nods, indicating⑰that everything is fine. When the waiters are not looking, however, he busies himself hiding⑱ the raw meat anywhere he can reach—the sugar bowl, the tiny flower vase⑲， inside a bread roll and under a plate. [7]He becomes so desperate⑳ in the end㉑ that he even hides some inside the purse㉒ of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant's violinist！ [4]此处until意为“直到……”，引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰one thing；makes him smile是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 [5]此处的动词不定式表示原因；that引导宾语从句。 [6]此处为when引导的宾语从句；从句中if引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语。 [7]本句中的“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导状语从句；sitting near him是动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰a woman。 I like to watch Mr Bean on TV but I wouldn't want to meet someone like him in real life, and I certainly wouldn't want to have dinner with him！ 文本1 憨豆先生 憨豆先生是一个国际知名的影视喜剧人物。他的著名之处在于总是遇到尴尬的情境，这极大地娱乐了来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众。他的幽默总是通过一连串简单、有趣的动作清晰地表达出来，完全依靠肢体语言这一全世界都能理解的方式。 我最喜欢的一集之一是憨豆先生在一家高档餐厅用餐的故事。在餐厅里就座后，憨豆先生拿出一张卡片，在上面写了几个字，塞进信封，放在桌子上。过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，但这次他露出惊讶的表情，好像他不知道它在那里。打开后，发现是一张生日贺卡，他便高兴地把贺卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起来。 看菜单时，他的脸上立刻露出惊讶的表情。他把钱包里所有的钱都拿出来，数了数，放进碟子里。他担心地一会儿看看菜单，一会儿看看钱，最终找到了一种食物，脸上露出了微笑。然后他点了一道“鞑靼牛肉”。可上菜的时候，他惊讶地发现“鞑靼牛肉”其实就是生汉堡。他尝了尝，从他咀嚼时脸上的表情就能看出，这东西一点都不好吃。他无法掩饰自己的感觉，除了在服务员问他是否一切满意时。当这一切发生时，他微笑着点头，装作一切都好的样子。然而，当服务员没有注意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏到任何他能接触到的地方——糖碗、小花瓶、小面包卷里和盘子下面。最后他无计可施，居然把一部分生肉藏在旁边女士的钱包里，塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！ 我喜欢看电视里的憨豆先生，却不希望在现实生活中遇到像他这样的人，更不想和他共进晚餐！ ①contemporary [kən'tempərəri]adj.当代的 ②screenwriter ['skriːnˌraItə] n．影视剧本作家，编剧 ③mostly ['məʊstli] adv.主要地；大部分 ④be famous for...因……而出名 ⑤clumsy ['klʌmzi] adj. 笨拙的，不灵活的 ⑥amusing [ə'mjuːzIŋ] adj. 好笑的，有趣的 ⑦anything like和……很像 ⑧creation [kri'eIʃən] n. 创造物，作品 create vt.创造，产生 creative adj.有创造力的 ⑨contrary ['kɒntrəri] n. 正相反，恰恰相反 on the contrary正相反 ⑩believe in相信 ⑪academic [ˌækə'demIk] adj. 学术的 ⑫at the age of...在……岁时 ⑬scholarship ['skɒləʃIp] n. 奖学金 ⑭boarding school寄宿学校 ⑮attain [ə'teIn] vt.得到，获得 ⑯obtain [əb'teIn] vt.获得，得到　 ⑰electrical engineering 电力(电气)工程学 ⑱stutter ['stʌtə] n．结巴，口吃 ⑲talent ['tælənt] n．天资，天赋，才能 have a talent for...有……的天赋 ⑳occur vi.发生 It occurred to sb. that... 某人突然想到…… ㉑ mirror ['mIrə] n．镜子 ㉒ producer [prə'djuːsə] n. 制作人，制片人 produce vt.制作 ㉓ rarely ['reəli] adv.很少，难得 rarely位于句首时，句子用倒装结构。 ㉔ genius ['dʒiːniəs] n. 天才，天赋；天才人物 ㉕ convinced [kɔn'vInst] adj.确信的，信服的 convince vt.使相信 convincing adj.令人信服的 TEXT 2 The Contemporary① Chaplin Rowan Atkinson is an English actor, comedian and screenwriter②. In Britain, [1]Mr Atkinson is mostly③ famous for④ many successful TV shows but internationally we know him best as the awkward, clumsy⑤， but always amusing⑥ Mr Bean. If you think that Rowan Atkinson is anything like⑦ his famous creation⑧， then you are in for a surprise. On the contrary⑨， he is nothing like Mr Bean. [1]本句是由第一个but连接的并列句；第二个分句中的as意为“作为……”，第二个but连接并列成分。 Rowan was born on 6 January, 1955.He grew up on a farm with his parents and three older brothers. His father was very strict and did not believe in⑩ the value of television. Rowan had a very successful academic⑪ career. At the age of⑫ 13, he was awarded a scholarship⑬ to a boarding school⑭. Later, he studied at Newcastle University, [2]where he attained⑮ the highest marks in his year. At Oxford, he obtained⑯ his master's degree in electrical engineering⑰. [3]This may explain why he loves fast cars, of which he has many. [2]此处是where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Newcastle University。 [3]本句中why引导宾语从句；of which引导非限制性定语从句。 When Rowan was young, he had a stutter⑱ and to make his speech clearer, he began to speak very carefully. This may be why some of his characters have unusual ways of speaking. As early as primary school, Rowan had already shown a talent⑲ for acting, [4]but it was only later at university that he decided to become an actor. A key event occurred⑳ one day in 1976 [5]when he was playing around and pulling a face in the mirror㉑．“I discovered my face，” he said later. [4]此处是强调句型。 [5]此处是when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one day in 1976。 [6]John Lloyd, who worked as a producer㉒ for BBC Television, says that one rarely㉓ meets someone with such genius㉔， and that when he worked with Atkinson he became convinced㉕ that Rowan would be more famous than Charlie Chaplin. [6]本句中的who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词John Lloyd；三个that均引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 文本2 当代卓别林 罗温·艾金森是一名英国喜剧演员、编剧。艾金森先生在英国的名气主要源于他参演了很多成功的电视节目，但在国际上，我们所熟悉的他是那个尴尬、笨拙，但总能把人逗乐的憨豆先生。如果你认为罗温·艾金森和他扮演的憨豆先生角色一样，那你一定会感到惊讶。相反，他本人实际上一点也不像憨豆先生。 罗温出生于1955年1月6日，随父母在农场长大，家中有三个哥哥。他的父亲非常严厉，不相信电视的价值。 罗温的学生生涯非常成功。他13岁就获得了一所寄宿学校的奖学金。之后就读于纽卡斯尔大学，在那里他获得了当年的最高分。在牛津大学，他取得了电机工程硕士学位。这也许是他那么喜欢跑车，而且收藏了很多跑车的原因吧。 罗温小时候有口吃的毛病，为了讲话更清楚，他说话格外仔细。这也是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式与众不同的原因。 早在小学时，罗温就已经表现出了表演天赋，但直到后来在大学里，他才决定成为一名演员。1976年的一天发生了一件关键的事情，闲玩之中他对着镜子做鬼脸。后来他说，“我发现了自己的另一副面孔。” 英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，当他与罗温合作时，他相信罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $