UNIT 4 Period 2 GRAMMAR 课时精讲-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修二同步教参（北师大版）

Period 2　GRAMMAR 进行时 进行时用来表示正在进行或现阶段持续的动作、行为等。英语中常见的进行时包括现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时等。本课时重点讲解后面三种进行时。 一、将来进行时 (1)(教材P9)I will be working in the United States for three months. 我要在美国连续工作三个月。 (2)(外研选必二U1)One reason is that although I've been working ever since leaving school, I won't be voting in the next general election. 一个原因是尽管我离开学校以后就一直在工作，但我还是不能在下一次大选中投票。 (3)(外研选必二U1)I've also been taking driving lessons, and in fact I will be taking my driving test on the very day I turn 18. 我也在上驾驶课程，实际上，我要在18岁当天参加驾照考试。 (4)(外研选必二U1)To give an example, I will be signing an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow. 例如，明天的这个时候，我将签署器官捐献协议。 (5)(外研选必二U1)My librarian's salary means that I'll be living at home with my parents for a while longer.　图书馆管理员的工资意味着我还需和父母同住更长的一段时间。 1．将来进行时的构成和用法 (1)构成：主语＋will/shall(用于第一人称)＋be＋doing (2)用法 ①表示将来某一段时间内或某一时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。常与表将来的时间状语连用，如soon、tomorrow、next year、in two years' time、at this time tomorrow等； ②将来进行时表示按计划或安排预计要发生的动作或事情。 2．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 将来进行时通常表示将来某个时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作；一般将来时表示将来某一时间将要发生的动作。 二、现在完成进行时 (1)(教材P9)“Well, I've been having a bit of a crisis, you know, lots of problems，” replied the man. “是这样的，我最近遭遇了一点危机，嗯，出现了很多问题，”那人回答道。 (2)(外研选必一U6)The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining. 火车从西宁出发，全程都在平稳快速地前进。 (3)(外研选必一U6)All this time, the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. 一路上，《天路》这首歌一直在我的脑海里萦绕。 (4)(外研选必一U6)Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and freely in their natural habitat. 铁路下面修建了33条通道，让这些动物在它们的自然栖息地可以安全、自由地通行。 (5)(人教必修一U3)The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”，从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。 (6)I have been playing ping-pong all morning, so I'm sweating buckets. 整个上午我一直在打乒乓球，所以我大汗淋漓。 1．现在完成进行时的构成： has/have＋been＋现在分词。 2．现在完成进行时的基本用法： (1)现在完成进行时常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在并且可能继续进行下去的动作。常和all this time、this week、this month、all night、all the morning、recently、“for＋一段时间”等状语以及“since＋状语(从句)”连用。 (2)表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。 3．现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：现在完成进行时表示动作在迄今为止的一段时间内持续进行并有可能继续进行下去，强调动作的持续性或带有某种感情色彩；现在完成时表示动作已完成，强调动作的结果或影响。 三、过去完成进行时 (1)(教材P9)Everything had been going wrong for him.　最近他诸事不顺。 (2)(教材P9)So, after he had been feeling depressed for over a month, he decided to go to the doctor. 因此，在沮丧了一个多月后，他决定去看医生。 (3)We had been waiting for him for about an hour by the time he came. 当他来的时候，我们等了他大约一个小时了。 (4)By the end of last month they had been working here for about ten days.　到上个月底为止，他们在这里工作了大约有十天了。 (5)The teacher told us that he had been teaching English since he came here.　老师告诉我们，自从他来到这里他就一直在教英语。 过去完成进行时的用法： 1．表示发生在过去某个时间之前的某个动作，且该动作持续了一段时间。 *The actor had been waiting for his visa for days before he got it. 这个演员在拿到他的签证之前，已经等了好多天了。 2．表示过去某一时间之前经常发生的动作。 *I had often been thinking of you before you came to Shanghai. 在你来上海之前，我常常想起你。 3．表示直到过去某个时间点还在进行的动作。 *When he arrived at the station, he found the train had been waiting for passengers. 当他到达车站时，他发现火车早已在等候乘客了。 4．表示一定的感情色彩，如喜欢或厌恶等。 *Nobody knew what this fellow had been doing all these days. 没人知道这个家伙这些天一直在干什么。 过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时、过去完成时的区别：确定时间点以及是否强调动作的持续性是判断这三种时态的关键。 (1)过去完成进行时表示在过去某一特定时间以前发生的动作，并一直持续到这个特定时间，或是刚刚结束，或是还要延续。但是，决不会延续到现在。 *It had been raining hard for three weeks. Nearly all the little trees on the mountain were washed away.　大雨一连下了三个星期，山上的小树差不多都被冲走了。 (2)现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某个时刻开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 *The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国人造纸已有两千年的历史。 (3)过去完成时表示动作在过去的某一时间已经完成。 *Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the evening party. 当汤姆到达晚会的时候，大部分客人已经走了，他很失望。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing(do) all they can over the past five hours. 2．(2025·浙江卷1月)The concept is certainly not new—men have been renting(rent) good suits for decades—but for female shoppers，it is just taking off. 3．Amy has been thinking(think) about finding a new job for a whole year, but she hasn't made her final decision yet. 4．In the not-too-distant future, all of us will be living/will live(live) in smart homes. 5．My sister has been learning(learn) to play the piano since she was a child.She plays it fluently now. 6．I had been working(work) on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes. 7．Mary can't attend the conference at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she will be interviewing(interview) an event at that time. 8．—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon? —I'm sorry, but then I will be flying (fly) to Beijing. How about five? 9．We had been discussing(discuss) this issue for hours before she arrived. 10．She will be(be) twenty-four years old next year, and she is pondering over whether to pursue further study or start a career. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．过去几个星期我们一直在做这个实验。我希望下周能完成。 We have been conducting the experiment for the past few weeks.I hope it will be finished next week. 2．她上大学以前一直在学英语。 She had been studying English before she entered the college. 3．中国人民一直渴望探索太空，希望能更多地了解宇宙。 The Chinese people have been desiring to explore space in the hope of finding out more about the universe. 4．下个月这个时候，我们将在欧洲享受我们的假期，探索这片大陆丰富的文化和历史。 At this time next month, we will be enjoying our holiday in Europe, exploring the rich culture and history of the continent. 5．他们从八点钟开始就在布置珠宝，刚布置完，两个顾客就上门了。 They had been arranging jewellery since eight o'clock and had only just finished when two customers came in. 6．明天下午2：40到4：30之间我正参加考试，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰。 I will be taking an exam between 2：40 and 4：30 tomorrow afternoon，so I can't go skating with you. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $