江西省上高二中2026-2027学年高二上学期9月阶段检测英语试题

2028届高二年级英语试卷阶段性测试一 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．How did screen addiction affect the woman? A．It made her put on weight. B．It made her eyesight worse. C．It made her lose interest in real life. 2．How is the man preparing to use the tools? A．By learning at work. B．By watching online videos. C．By reading the instructions. 3．What does the man mean? A．He is eager to see what the new system is like. B．The digital TV system will offer different programmes. C．The new TV system may not provide anything better. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．A cute pet. B．A robotic dog. C．A talented actress. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．Robot service. B．A sci-fi film. C．A new restaurant. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Who does the man admire most? A．Marie Curie. B．Isaac Newton. C．Nelson Mandela. 7．What does the woman think of Leonardo da Vinci? A．He is outgoing. B．He is far-sighted. C．He is courageous. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。 8．Where are the speakers probably? A．In the doctor’s office. B．In a waiting room. C．In a parking lot. 9．What time might it be now? A．2:05 p.m. B．2:15 p.m. C．2:25 p.m. 10．What do we know about the man? A．He’s unable to drive a car. B．He’s a graduate in medicine. C．He doubts new technology. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 11．What does Jack say about the Vulcan? A．It uses less energy than other cars. B．It is faster than other cars. C．It is heavier than other cars. 12．What are the values of Aston Martin? A．Design, Speed, and Truth. B．Quality, Craftsmanship, and Luxury. C．Power, Beauty, and Soul. 13．What will the woman do next? A．Ride in a Vulcan. B．Attend a track event. C．Buy a Vulcan. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14．What motivated Mr. Joe to step into the herbal field? A．His passion for botany. B．His interest in academy. C．His teacher’s impact. 15．What makes herbs a powerful tool in Joe’s opinion? A．Its prospect in career. B．Its association with wisdom. C．Its value in medical research. 16．What should students do first when learning about herbs? A．Study herbal functions. B．Master medical terms. C．Do various experiments. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What was the credit card fee for small businesses a decade ago? A．Between 4% and 5% of the total amount. B．Between 3.5% and 4% of the total amount. C．Between 2.5% and 3% of the total amount. 18．What was the first service that Square offered? A．A credit card reader for smartphones. B．Large equipment for market sellers. C．Data analysis tools for big businesses. 19．What happened in 2014? A．Square processed payments for free. B．Square started giving business advice. C．Square became a public company. 20．What does Square also own? A．First Data. B．Twitter. C．A food delivery service. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exploring our galleries with your school group Our science-themed galleries cover dinosaurs, space, fossils (化石) and wildlife, fitting students of all ages. We provide featured galleries and downloadable teaching resources to help you plan your school visit. You can check the full gallery lists and download a museum map on our Explore the Museum page. Gallery announcements We sometimes need to close areas of the Museum for renovation (翻新). Check these updates before your visit. Gallery activity guides These theme-based guides for specific galleries can be printed as booklets or single pages. • Fossil Marine Reptiles Gallery — Discover pioneering palaeontologist Mary Anning and explore some of the fossils she found. • Volcanoes and Earthquakes Gallery — Find out more about these ground-breaking natural events and how they shape our changing planet. • Fixing Our Broken Planet Gallery — Explore challenges facing the planet with professional guidance. • Dinosaur Theme Gallery — Discover various dinosaur fossils and prehistoric creatures with engaging, hands-on activities. General activity worksheets Suitable for Key Stage 1 (aged 5 — 7), Key Stage 2 (aged 8 — 11) and Key Stage 3 (aged 12 — 14), these worksheets link to curriculum themes such as literacy, art and science, and contain tips to help you prepare for and follow up on your visit. Activity Key Stage Description Photo postcard KS1 — 2 (aged 5 — 11) Draw a favorite exhibit and write about the museum trip. Learning labels Upper KS1 — Lower KS3 (aged 7 — 12) Write exhibit labels for younger visitors. Museum trumps (card game) Upper KS1 — Lower KS3 (aged 7 — 12) Create an animal-themed game based on museum displays. My own exhibit KS1 — 3 (aged 5 — 14) Select specimens for a personal exhibition and explain your choices. Exhibition discounts Pre-booked school and educator groups can enjoy exhibition discounts, with tickets starting at £4 per student. Discounts apply only on weekdays during school terms. 21．What are visitors advised to do before visiting the museum? A．Book tickets for group visits online. B．Finish related school worksheets first. C．Download a printed booklet in advance. D．Check the latest gallery closure information. 22．Which gallery helps students learn about natural forces changing the earth? A．Fossil Marine Reptiles Gallery. B．Volcanoes and Earthquakes Gallery. C．Fixing Our Broken Planet Gallery. D．Dinosaur Theme Gallery. 23．Which activity is suitable for a 13-year-old student? A．Creating a personal museum exhibition. B．Drawing exhibits and writing trip notes. C．Making labels for younger visitors. D．Designing an animal-themed card game. B A few years ago, our administrative team sent home what we thought was a clear English message regarding a schedule change about an upcoming assessment. The next week, a visibly frustrated mother stopped me in the hallway. She said, in Spanish, that she hadn’t known anything about the schedule change. Her child was embarrassed and anxious, because they felt unprepared for the assessment. From the school’s point of view, we had “communicated.” From the family’s point of view, we hadn’t. About 40 percent of the students at our middle school are Hispanic, and many speak Spanish or another language at home. Each year, we welcome dozens of newcomers, including students with interrupted formal education. The math is simple: Communication needs far outpace available bilingual teachers. Our first move was to stop rewriting the same messages from scratch. We created a shared cloud folder with message banks for our most common situations. Each pattern follows a simple, translation-friendly structure. We drafted everything in plain English first, avoiding idioms and long sentences. Then, with help from our bilingual staff, we created Spanish versions of the most-used patterns. We also realized that not every message needs to be a long email. Listening to a 60-to-90-second message — even with imperfect translation — is often easier for busy families. These messages are scripted from our banks, so they stay concise. Families have told us that hearing a familiar voice, even if they rely on the captions (字幕), helps them feel more connected and less intimidated. Memories might fail us when we try to track the families we’ve contacted. So we’ve created a shared contact log. It is now a complement to our student information system — it gives us a quick, human-centered view of communication patterns. When communication becomes more consistent and accessible, families feel like true partners. And when families can actually hear us — and we can truly hear them — everything else we’re trying to improve at school becomes a little bit easier. 24. Why did the mother feel upset? A. Because her son struggled to fit in. B. Because the message didn’t get across. C. Because her son failed the assessment. D. Because she forgot the schedule change. 25. What can we infer from paragraph 3? A. Bilingual teachers are in short supply. B. Communication class is not available. C. Students must learn a second language. D. Math in middle school is easy to learn. 26. Which of the following could be an appropriate school message? A. “Pass the test with flying colors.” B. “Test time is changed to this Friday.” C. “Hit the books for the upcoming test.” D. “Not until Friday will the test begin.” 27. Which of the following best describes the school’s practice? A. Complex. B. Inclusive. C. Ambitious. D. Conventional. C Scientists have developed a pioneering 3D-printed device that could speed up patient access to new medicines and remove the need for animal testing. Thousands of animals are used in the early stages of drug development worldwide each year, yet many drugs tested on animals end up showing no clinical benefit in humans, highlighting a critical gap between animal models and human biology. Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have designed a "body-on-a-chip" that precisely mimics (模仿） how a medicine flows through a patient' s body. The plastic device, the first of its kind globally, features five 3D-printed components recreating the human heart, lungs, kidney, liver and brain. These are connected by channels mimicking the human circulatory system, through which new drugs can be pumped to observe organ responses without live animal trials. The device uses positron emission tomography (PET) scanning to generate detailed 3D images of the tiny organs. "The PET images ensure even distribution of new drugs being tested," explains lead developer Liam Carr. The process involves putting tiny amounts of radioactive compounds into the chip, with signals sent to an extremely sensitive camera, allowing scientists to better assess drug effects. Carr notes the platform is fully flexible and can serve as a valuable tool for investigating various human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and immune conditions. "Its uses are only bounded by the availability of cell models and the scientific questions we can figure out," he says. For instance, a fatty liver disease model could reveal how a diseased liver impacts other organs, or multiple disease cell models could be combined to study disease interactions. Dr. Adriana Tavares, Carr's supervisor, emphasizes the device's potential to revolutionize medical research. "Linking five organs in one device helps scientists study how a new drug affects the whole body, a key area of research as we learn more about how diseases traditionally seen as organ-specific can impact distant systems," she states. Beyond advancing research, the technology offers a promising path to reducing the massive number of animals used in drug testing worldwide. 28. What is a major limitation of current animal testing in drug development? A. It requires too much time and financial investment. B. It is banned in most developed countries globally. C. It doesn't predict human clinical outcomes accurately. D. It cannot test drugs for certain diseases effectively. 29. What can the underlined word "pumped" in Paragraph 2 probably be replaced? A. Disturbed. B. Conveyed. C. Destroyed. D. Reduced. 30. What does Liam Carr think of the device's potential uses? A. They are limited to five specific organ models. B. Its applications are wide and creativity-driven. C. They have already been fully explored in current studies. D. The device can only be used for side effect testing. 31. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text ? A. A 3D-Printed "Body-on-a-Chip" to Reduce Animal Drug Tests B. PET Scanning to Improve Drug Development Efficiency C. 3D Printing Technology for Mimicking Human Organs D. Limitations of Animal Models in Medical Research D The 21st century has created a whole range of new types of professionals that we have never had before — or if not quite new, at least newly repackaged. The world has always had influential people, for instance, but only now do we have “Influencer”. Similarly, the corporate world has certainly known its fair share of disruption, yet it is only in the last couple of decades that the “Disruptor” has become a recognisable figure in the way we talk about big business. In an earlier era, the Disruptor would have been called an Innovator. Yet while an Innovator creates something new, the Disruptor is defined as much by what they destroy as by what they create. The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else’s problem. It’s an attitude best summed up as “Move fast and break things.” Back in 1929, G. K. Chesterton identified the core problem with moving fast and breaking things through a thought experiment. Imagine there is a fence along a road. Suppose it’s been there a long time, and was put there for some purpose. But that purpose is lost over time. To us, now, the fence seems to be nothing but an impediment. Why not remove it? When faced with such a fence, Chesterton thinks the fact that we can’t see the point of the fence is why we should not tear it down. Some fences keep foxes out of henhouses, for instance. If you think you can do without the fence because you’ve never seen a fox, consider if the existence of the fence is precisely why you’ve never seen one. Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition. We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them. If we’re too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don’t yet realise we rely upon. But uncritical devotion to the “way things are done” can also deny us the possibility of better days. What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive. Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess. We need the ability to work out which messes are worth avoiding — because however impressively fast you move, some things can’t be easily unbroken. 32. Regarding Chesterton’s principle, the author is _____________. A. supportive B. doubtful C. conflicted D. disappointed 33. What does the word “impetuous” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Short-sighted. B. Narrow-minded. C. Hot-headed. D. Old-fashioned. 34. What can we infer from this passage about the Disruptor? A. They may clear up other people’s mess. B. They are in favour of the preventive principle. C. They preserve more traditions than they break. D. They may create more problems than they solve. 35. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Humility should be a driving force for human progress. B. Innovation should move forward the wheel of tradition. C. Reform should draw from the wellspring of past wisdom. D. Disruption should be given priority in social development. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all know that our dogs have feelings, and that they can be happy or sad. But, do dogs actually cry real tears when they get sad? Dogs are highly sensitive pets, and they experience a variety of emotions, just like humans. 36 They might just have watery eyes. As far as scientists know, humans are the only species that cry for emotional reasons. Dogs do “cry” when they’re sad. However, dogs use voices to express feelings rather than having watery eyes. They begin doing this at a young age by crying out for their moms when in trouble. 37 As they get older, dogs may continue this whining (哀鸣) when sad. Once they have matured, dogs consider their human owners to be the pack leader, or mother figure, and will direct their whining or crying towards them. Many specialists believe dogs suffering from separation anxiety will whine for their mothers. 38 39 They can also be sad, in pain or attempting to let you know that they’re feeling uncomfortable or want something. Also, dogs may howl (嗥叫) occasionally, which is just another form of “crying”. In fact, many experts believe that howling is a dog’s ultimate expression of sadness. If dogs don’t produce emotional tears, why do they tear up at all? Studies show there is oftentimes a medical reason behind dogs having tears. 40 A dog’s tear ducts (泪管) work somewhat differently. For dogs, the tears or liquid will flow back into the throat and nose rather than from the eyes. A．This is because dogs are social animals. B．However, no science proves dogs cry for sadness. C．Separation anxiety isn’t the only cause of dogs whining. D．Similarly, when sad, they go to their parent-like person. E．Virtually, that may be a sign of a serious health condition. F．The reasons for dogs crying or howling are exactly the same. G．They learn to make distinct sounds that can be recognized instantly. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Before Elaine left the Antarctic, she was determined to see a penguin — up close. She had spotted a few, but only from far away. But that night, when someone said there was a penguin on the ice outside the station, Elaine rushed out. A frosty wind circled, a(n) ____41____. Elaine knew the weather could change ____42____. Although the icy plain looked solid, its sheet was in constant ____43____. Crevasses (冰裂缝) hid beneath the snowy surface. Rows of blue and red flags ____44____ a safe path through this dangerous zone. It was ____45____ the rules to approach a penguin. So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her. She held her breath, concentrated on the penguin waddling toward her and ____46____ it to keep coming. Soon the bird stood just in front of her, with its eyes ____47____ with hers. So sweet! ____48____ she leaned into the blowing wind and followed the bird farther out on the ice, away from the station. Suddenly, a strong gust knocked her off her feet. Elaine rolled over and over until she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue-crevasse. Crunch! She dropped a little lower. If she ____49____, she’d drop into the crevasse, where nobody would even find her. Then the wind ____50____. In a sudden quiet, Elaine felt someone near, her penguin! Seeing Elaine move, the bird walked away, then stopped and looked back, which seemed to invite her to follow. Cracks ____51____ around her. She made up her mind. She would trust her bird. She spread her arms on the ice like wings, keeping her body ____52____ and spreading her weight across the fragile surface. She pushed forward on her belly, ____53____ ahead. The penguin wove a trail between the cracks. Elaine scraped along behind, ____54____ time as she focused on following the penguin’s path. Finally, with one last ____55____ of her arms, Elaine crawled after her penguin onto solid, white ice. Safety! 41. A. pressure B. warning C. prediction D. impression 42. A. in a heartbeat B. in a row C. in a hurry D. in a way 43. A. evolution B. consumption C. motion D. progression 44. A. strengthened B. marked C. decorated D. crossed 45. A. for B. among C. against D. of 46. A. considered B. permitted C. willed D. forced 47. A. level B. parallel C. opposite D. equal 48. A. Fortunately B. Reluctantly C. Intentionally D. Unconsciously 49 A. broke out B. broke down C. broke in D. broke through 50. A. died B. followed C. returned D. worsened 51. A. declined B. spiderwebbed C. melted D. accumulated 52. A. flexible B. flat C. twisted D. bent 53. A. rushing B. sliding C. inching D. diving 54. A. losing track of B. losing control of C. taking note of D. running out of 55. A. raise B. wave C. shake D. pull 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small number of nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) could be the 56 (solve) to a problem that has troubled plastics producers for a long time — namely, how to make a material strong, tough and easy to work with. Qian Hujun at Jilin University, together with his partners, 57 (call) this the plastics trilemma (三难困境), given that 58 (enhance) its strength tends to make it less tough, while attempting to improve both of them makes 59 material harder to work with. 60 (get) around this, the researchers mixed nanoparticles with several commonly used plastic materials. For example, they added the nanoparticles to PEMA, which is used to make hearing aids 61 artificial nails. In general, the new material showed better-than-usual performance across different tests, and some materials like PEMA were even about 50 per cent 62 (strong) when mixed with nanoparticles. Computer simulations (模拟) of the new material 63 (carry) out to understand the effect as well. For the case of plastics under stress, these simulations showed that nanoparticles can move and be redistributed within the material, 64 allows it to deform more slowly and smoothly. The ability to move was 65 (similar) beneficial for plastics to flow more easily when they were heated. Qian says the new approach is suited for existing industrial processes. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，最近你校为交换生成立的国画班反响较好。请你为校英文报写一篇相关报道，内容包括： 1. 办班目的； 2. 教学内容； 3. 活动意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Chinese Painting Class for Exchange Students __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was an arrogant (傲慢的) high school boy full of blind self-confidence, firmly believing that I was more capable than all my classmates at managing group tasks. When our teacher formally announced that our school would hold a lively campus charity fair to raise money for poor children in remote villages, I volunteered without hesitation to take charge of the second-hand book stall. I also actively persuaded nearly ten warm-hearted classmates to donate their unused books to support my booth. My thoughtful classmate Lina had kindly reminded me in advance to classify different kinds of books, mark clear and reasonable prices, and design simple promotional posters to attract visitors. However, I rudely turned down her sincere advice and even laughed openly at her for being overly cautious. I gathered large piles of various books, including interesting storybooks, popular magazines and practical exam reference books. Without any careful arrangement, I stuffed these mixed books randomly into several rough cardboard boxes. On the official day of the charity fair, while other groups devoted plenty of time and energy to decorating their stalls with colorful ribbons and beautiful handwritten signs, I did almost no preparation at all. I just laid all my books in a total mess on the table and wandered around the campus casually, firmly convinced that high-quality books alone would naturally draw a large number of buyers. As noon slowly rolled around, all the neighboring stalls were packed with busy and energetic students. In sharp contrast, almost no one stopped or spared a glance at my book booth. Worse still, several reference books accidentally slipped off the table and got badly stained by the fruit juice spilled by passing students. Standing alone beside my cold booth, I watched Lina’s handmade toy stall become extremely popular and listened to their cheerful and merry laughter. Strong regret and great embarrassment wrapped me tightly. I fully realized that my stupid arrogance and laziness had wasted my classmates’ kind donations. Just as I sank into deep self-blame and despair, Lina finished her temporary work and walked straight towards me. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Seeing my depression, Lina didn’t mention my previous rudeness but proposed a plan. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the charity fair drew to an end, our book stall unexpectedly topped the donation list. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2028届高二年级英语试卷阶段性测试一参考答案 听力答案 1--5 CCCCC 6--10 CBCAB11--15CCBCB 16--20 BCCAB 阅读答案 21．D 22．B 23．A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 36．B 37．G 38．D 39．C 40．E 完型：【答案】 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D 语填【答案】 56．solution 57．calls 58．enhancing 59．the 60．To get 61．and 62.stronger 63．were carried 64．which 65．similarly 【原文】W: Where have you been? I have been waiting here for ages. M: I got out of bed early and set off on time but then the bus got stuck in traffic. W: Sounds like you’re not to blame. 【原文】M：Hi，Gina.What have you been doing lately? W：I’ve been studying hard for my exams. English is a piece of cake. And Physics is just OK. But I am weak in Math. 【原文】W: Do you mind if I open the window? M: Certainly not. And please get me some drink after that. A cup of orange juice is just OK. 【原文】M: Have you read the article on shared bikes? W: Yes, but I don’t think it’s a good one. I’ve given my suggestions and sent them to the editor’s office. 【原文】W: Good evening Mr. Smith, may I take your order? M: Okay, I’ll have two potato cakes and four chicken wings. W: Alright, anything to drink? We have orange juice and grape juice tonight. M: I want a cup of tea, please. W: Okay, your total is $11.50. M: Can I pay with a bank card? W: Yes, sir. W: Here’s my card. 【原文】W: What a day! First, I forgot to put the chicken into the fridge. M: What happened? W: I found it went bad when I prepared for my lunch. Then I tried to use my computer, but I couldn’t get a WIFI signal. M: Oh no! W: After that I tried to use the cleaner. M: Let me guess. It didn’t pick up the dirt. W: Worse, it spread dirt around the room instead of picking it up. M: Did you have your robot help? W: Of course. It helped me clean the outside windows. M: That’s really amazing. 【原文】W: Fancy Hotel. How can I help you? M: Hello, I’m planning a trip to New York with my family, so I want to book a suite for a week. W: All right, sir. What dates are you going to book? M: We’ll arrive there the day after tomorrow. W: Okay, that is July 15th. And the departure date is the 22nd? M: Yes. W: Well, do you have any room preferences? M: We don’t want a suite near an elevator or a bustling street. It’s noisy. I know you have some suites with a view of a park or a garden. Is there an available one? W: Yes. I’ll book you a suite facing a quiet park. Is that all right? M: OK, thanks. Can I pay by credit card? W: Of course. May I know your name, sir? M: Yes, I’m Daniel Burnham. And my email address is... 【原文】M: I’m thinking of buying a new car this year. My old one has problems. Maybe I need to send it to the repair shop. Leaving it in my yard won’t solve the problems. W: Why don’t you get a bicycle instead? Not only will it save you money, but you will get exercise as well. M: If I was going to get a bicycle, it would be because it does less damage to the environment, but I need to travel far to work. It would take me three hours every day just to get there. W: What about a motorbike? It is like a car and a bicycle combined. You can get many of the benefits from it. M: That is actually a good idea. I saw some very interesting models at a 4S shop the other day. Would you come with me to look at a few now? W: I’d love to, but I need to get home to cook dinner. Let’s go this weekend after the company picnic. M: OK. See you then. 【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B 【原文】 Nicholas Sparks is an American author and storyteller whose books have consistently been turned into major Hollywood films. Although not all of his books were sold to Hollywood, all have been The New York Times best-sellers. He has sold over 97 million copies worldwide, with over 65 million of them within the United States alone. He lives with his family in North Carolina. He is also considered to be very generous with his money. In 2011, he created the Nicholas Sparks Foundation to make more opportunities available to children from poor families. His foundation, which he started with his wife, creates scholarships for children from low-income families in rural communities. Sparks has had a very successful career, and he owes that to education. “The education I received prepared me for the world I would be facing in the future,” he said. Even though he is worth an estimated 75 million dollars or so, Sparks seems to live the values he presents in his books. 阅读理解【答案】 21．细节理解题。根据Gallery announcements部分“We sometimes need to close areas of the Museum for renovation (翻新). Check these updates before your visit.(我们有时会因翻新工程关闭博物馆部分区域。请在到访前查看这些最新动态)”可知，博物馆建议访客在参观前核实展厅是否临时关闭的相关信息。 22．细节理解题。根据Gallery activity guides部分“Volcanoes and Earthquakes Gallery — Find out more about these ground-breaking natural events and how they shape our changing planet.(火山与地震展厅——进一步了解这些造成地面开裂的自然事件以及它们如何塑造我们不断变化的地球)”可知，该展厅围绕火山与地震这类改造地球表面的自然力量展开。 23．细节理解题。根据General activity worksheets表格中“My own exhibit KS1 — 3 (aged 5 — 14) Select specimens for a personal exhibition and explain your choices.(我的专属展品 关键阶段1至3（5至14岁）为个人展览挑选标本并说明你的选择理由)”可知，该活动面向5至14岁学生，13岁处于该年龄段内，对应A选项Creating a personal museum exhibition(创建个人博物馆展览)，其余选项对应活动年龄上限均为12岁，与13岁不符：Drawing exhibits and writing trip notes(绘制展品（的图画）和撰写旅行笔记)对应KS1—2（5—11岁），Making labels for younger visitors(为年幼的游客制作标签)与Designing an animal-themed card game(设计一款以动物为主题的卡牌游戏)均对应Upper KS1—Lower KS3（7—12岁）。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She said, in Spanish, that she hadn’t known anything about the schedule change. Her child was embarrassed and anxious, because they felt unprepared for the assessment. From the school’s point of view, we had “communicated.” From the family’s point of view, we hadn’t. (她用西班牙语说，她对日程变更一无所知。她的孩子感到尴尬和焦虑，因为他们对评估准备不足。从学校的角度来看，我们已经“沟通”了。从家庭的角度来说，我们没有)”可知，这位母亲感到沮丧是因为关于日程变更的信息没有成功传达给她。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“About 40 percent of the students at our middle school are Hispanic, and many speak Spanish or another language at home. Each year, we welcome dozens of newcomers, including students with interrupted formal education. The math is simple: Communication needs far outpace available bilingual teachers. (我们中学大约40%的学生是西班牙裔，许多人在家里说西班牙语或其他语言。每年，我们都会迎来几十名新学生，包括那些正规教育中断的学生。算术很简单：沟通需求远远超过了可用的双语教师)”可推知，双语教师供不应求。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“We drafted everything in plain English first, avoiding idioms and long sentences. (我们首先用简单的英语起草所有内容，避免习语和长句)”可知，学校的信息应避免习语和长句，使用简单易懂的英语。选项中“Test time is changed to this Friday.(测试时间改为本周五)”表达直接、无习语、无复杂句式，符合学校的沟通原则。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段“We created a shared cloud folder with message banks for our most common situations.(我们创建了一个共享云文件夹，为最常见的情况提供信息库)”、第五段“Listening to a 60-to-90-second message — even with imperfect translation — is often easier for busy families. (对于忙碌的家庭来说，听一段60到90秒的信息——即使翻译不完美——通常也更容易接受)”以及第六段“It is now a complement to our student information system — it gives us a quick, human-centered view of communication patterns. (它现在是我们学生信息系统的补充——它为我们提供了一个快速的、以人为中心的沟通模式视图)”可知，学校的这些做法考虑到了不同语言背景家庭的需求，体现了包容性的特点。 28.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中"yet many drugs tested on animals end up showing no clinical benefit in humans, highlighting a critical gap between animal models and human biology" 可知, 许多在动物身上测试有效的药物最终对人类没有临床益处，说明动物试验不能准确预测药物在人体中的临床效果。故选C。 29.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中"These are connected by channels mimicking the human circulatory system, through which new drugs can be pumped to observe organ responses without live animal trials"可知，这些通道模拟人体循环系统，新药可以通过通道被输送以观察器官反应。结合语境，" pumped"在此处表示"输送、传送"，与"conveyed"意思相近。故选B。 30.B 推理判断题。根据第四段中Carr 所说"Its uses are only bounded by the availability of cell models and the scientific questions we can figure out”可知，他认为该装置的用途仅受限于可获得的细胞模型和能够提出的科学问题，说明其应用广泛且具有创造性驱动。故选B。 31.A 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了一种3D打印的"body-on-a-chip"装置，强调其能够模拟人体器官反应，从而减少动物药物实验。选项A准确概括了这一主题，故选A。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition.(重要的是，Chesterton并不是说事物永远不能改革。他提出的是一种预防性原则，而非彻底禁止变革。)”以及第六段“What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive.(因此，我们需要的不是颠覆者的无所畏惧，而是停下来思考发问的谦卑之心，明白我们自身的看法既非独一无二，也并非面面俱到。)”可知，作者赞同Chesterton提出的原则。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段“If we’re too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don’t yet realise we rely upon.(如果我们太过impetuous，最终可能毁掉那些我们尚且没有意识到、却十分依赖的事物。)”可知，如果行事过于冲动草率，我们会毁掉那些自己尚未意识到、却十分依赖的事物，划线词“impetuous”表示“冲动的，鲁莽的”，与C选项“Hot-headed(冲动莽撞的)”含义一致。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else’s problem.(颠覆者强行推动变革，收拾残局却是别人的事。)”以及第六段“Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess.(颠覆或许能产生积极作用，但也可能只留下一堆烂摊子。)”可知，颠覆者只管打破现状，后续烂摊子交由别人处理，很可能制造出比解决掉的更多问题。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them.(我们可以这样概括：在否定过往决策之前，先领会其中蕴含的智慧。)”可知，全文核心观点是进行改革前，先要挖掘、借鉴过去决策中的智慧。 E【答案】 【导语】文章主要探讨狗狗是否会因为悲伤流下真正的眼泪，介绍狗狗表达情绪的方式以及狗狗流泪背后的医学原因。 【详解】36．根据前文“Dogs are highly sensitive pets, and they experience a variety of emotions, just like humans.(狗是高度敏感的宠物，和人类一样，它们会体会各种各样的情绪。)”以及后文“They might just have watery eyes. As far as scientists know, humans are the only species that cry for emotional reasons.(它们可能只是眼睛湿润。据科学家所知，人类是唯一会因情绪而哭泣的物种。)”可知，前文讲到狗狗有各类情绪，后文说明狗狗不会因悲伤落泪，可推理出空白处说的是狗不会因情绪而哭泣，B选项“However, no science proves dogs cry for sadness.(然而，没有科学证据证明狗会因为悲伤哭泣。)”承接前后文，符合语境。 37．根据前文“They begin doing this at a young age by crying out for their moms when in trouble.(它们很小的时候遇到麻烦就会向妈妈哭喊来表达情绪。)”以及后文“As they get older, dogs may continue this whining (哀鸣) when sad.(随着年龄增长，狗狗难过的时候会继续发出这种哀鸣。)”可知，此处讲述狗狗从小到大通过发声表达情绪，可推理出空白处说的是狗学会了能够被识别的表达情绪的声音，G选项“They learn to make distinct sounds that can be recognized instantly.(它们学会发出可以被立刻识别的不同声音。)”承接前后，符合语境。 38．根据前文“Many specialists believe dogs suffering from separation anxiety will whine for their mothers.(许多专家认为患有分离焦虑的狗狗会向着自己的母亲哀鸣。)”可知，此处讲狗狗会向母亲哀鸣，可推理出空白处说的是当它们难过的时候会求助于人，D选项“Similarly, when sad, they go to their parentlike person.(同样，当它们难过时，会去找像父母一样的人。)”承接上文，其中“parentlike person”指代上文中的human owners，符合语境。 39．根据后文“They can also be sad, in pain or attempting to let you know that they’re feeling uncomfortable or want something.(它们也可能是悲伤、身体疼痛，或是试图告诉你它们感到不舒服或者想要某物。)”可知，后文介绍狗狗哀鸣的多种缘由，可推理出空白处说的是分离焦虑并不是狗狗哀鸣的唯一原因，C选项“Separation anxiety isn’t the only cause of dogs whining.(分离焦虑并不是狗狗哀鸣的唯一原因。)”引出下文多个原因，符合语境。 40．根据前文“Studies show there is oftentimes a medical reason behind dogs having tears.(研究表明狗狗流泪背后往往存在医学方面的原因。)”以及后文“A dog’s tear ducts (泪管) work somewhat differently.(狗的泪管工作方式有所不同。)”可知，此处围绕狗狗流泪的健康问题展开，可推理出空白处说的是狗流泪可能是健康问题的信号，E选项“Virtually, that may be a sign of a serious health condition.(事实上，那可能是严重健康问题的信号。)”承接前文的医学原因，符合语境。 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Elaine在南极试图近距离观察企鹅时，被强风卷入险境，跌落在冰裂缝上。企鹅的出现引导她冷静地利用姿势和技巧，沿着企鹅的路线缓慢爬行，最终脱险回到安全冰面的惊险故事。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：刺骨的风盘旋着，像是一种警告。A. pressure压力；B. warning警告；C. prediction预测；D. impression印象。根据后文“Suddenly, a strong gust knocked her off her feet. Elaine rolled over and over until she found herself lying on a thin skin of ice above a blue-crevasse. Crunch!”描述Elaine遇险可推知，“A frosty wind circled”预示着危险，是一种“警告”，这是文学作品中常用的“伏笔”修辞手法。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：Elaine知道天气可能在转瞬间变化。A. in a heartbeat转瞬间，立刻；B. in a row连续地；C. in a hurry匆忙地；D. in a way在某种程度上。根据前文“A frosty wind circled, a(n) .”以及南极环境的极端和多变特性可知，天气变化可以非常迅速，在“转瞬间”发生。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管冰原看起来坚固，但其冰盖一直处于运动之中。A. evolution进化；B. consumption消耗；C. motion运动；D. progression进展。“Although”引导让步状语从句，与上文“the icy plain looked solid”坚固的冰原形成对比，冰盖并非静止不动，而是持续处于“运动”和变化状态。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一排排蓝红色的旗帜在这个危险区域标出了一条安全路径。A. strengthened加强；B. marked标记；C. decorated装饰；D. crossed穿过。根据前文描述的冰原上潜在的危险，以及“safe path”和“dangerous zone”的对比可知，这些旗帜的作用是“标记”出安全的路线。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查介词辨析。句意：接近企鹅是违反规定的。A. for为了；B. among在……之中；C. against反对，违反；D. of……的。根据后文“So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her.”可知，规定不允许主动靠近企鹅，只能等待，因此主动接近是“违反”规定；against the rules意为“违反规定”。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她屏住呼吸，全神贯注于那只摇摇摆摆向她走来的企鹅，并希望它继续过来。A. considered考虑；B. permitted允许；C. willed希望，想要；D. forced强迫。根据前文“So she had to wait and see if the bird would come to her”可知，她不能主动靠近企鹅，所以当企鹅向她走来时，她只能在内心“希望”它走得更近一些。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快这只鸟就站在她面前，它的眼睛与她的眼睛齐平。A. level水平的，齐平的；B. parallel平行的；C. opposite相反的；D. equal相等的。根据前文“Soon the bird stood just in front of her”可知，企鹅站在她正前方，双方距离很近，目光相接，描述两者目光高度一致常用“level with(与……齐平)”。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：无意中，她倚着吹来的风，跟着这只鸟在冰上走得更远，离开了站点。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Reluctantly不情愿地；C. Intentionally故意地；D. Unconsciously无意识地，不知不觉地。根据后文“followed the bird farther out on the ice, away from the station”以及前文“So sweet!”她对企鹅的着迷可推知，她可能是在“无意识”中被吸引而走远，并非刻意违反安全规定。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果她压破冰层，就会掉进冰裂缝，那里甚至没人能找到她。A. broke out爆发；B. broke down崩溃，出故障；C. broke in闯入；D. broke through突破，冲破。根据前文她躺在薄冰上以及“Crunch! She dropped a little lower.”冰层发出碎裂声可知，如果她继续施压导致冰层彻底“破裂”，就会坠入裂缝。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后风停了。A. died消失，停止；B. followed跟随；C. returned返回；D. worsened恶化。根据后文“In a sudden quiet”可知，环境突然安静下来，之前呼啸的风“停止”了。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她周围的冰面像蜘蛛网一样裂开。A. declined下降；B. spiderwebbed呈蛛网状裂开；C. melted融化；D. accumulated积累。根据前文她处于薄冰之上，冰面脆弱，结合空前“Cracks”可知，裂纹可能呈放射状或网状蔓延，“spiderwebbed”生动地描绘了这种形态。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她将双臂像翅膀一样摊开在冰上，保持身体平直，将体重分散在脆弱的冰面上。A. flexible灵活的；B. flat平的，平直的；C. twisted扭曲的；D. bent弯曲的。根据后文“spreading her weight across the fragile surface”可知，为了最大化分散压力，防止冰面破裂，身体需要尽可能保持“平直”贴于冰面。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她腹部着地向前推进，一点一点地挪动。A. rushing冲；B. sliding滑行；C. inching缓慢移动，一点一点挪动；D. diving潜水。根据前文冰面脆弱如蛛网和“fragile surface”的描述可知，她不可能快速移动，只能极其缓慢地、“一点一点地”前进。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Elaine跟在后面艰难地爬行，专注于跟随企鹅的路径，忘记了时间。A. losing track of失去对……的跟踪，忘记；B. losing control of失去对……的控制；C. taking note of注意到；D. running out of用完。根据后文“as she focused on following the penguin’s path”可知，她全神贯注于求生和跟随，完全投入其中，因而“忘记了”时间的流逝。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Elaine双臂最后用力一拉，跟着她的企鹅爬到了坚实、洁白的冰面上。A. raise举起；B. wave挥动；C. shake摇动；D. pull拉，拽。根据前文她“spread her arms on the ice like wings”的姿势以及腹部着地爬行的状态，从脆弱的冰面边缘爬上坚实的冰面，很可能需要手臂最后“拉”或“牵引”一下身体来完成这个动作。故选D项。 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了吉林大学钱虎军及其团队通过添加纳米颗粒解决了塑料材料长期存在的强度、韧性与加工性难以兼顾的 “三难困境”，并解释了相关原理与应用前景。 56．考查名词。句意：少量纳米颗粒可能是一个长期困扰塑料生产商的问题的解决方案 —— 即如何制造出一种强度高、韧性好且易于加工的材料。定冠词the后需接名词，作表语，solve的名词形式为solution，此处表示特指，用单数。故填solution。 57．考查一般现在时。句意：吉林大学的钱虎军与其合作伙伴将此称为塑料三难困境，因为提高其强度往往会降低其韧性，而试图同时改善这两者会使这种材料更难加工。描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语为Qian Hujun，是单数第三人称，ogether with遵循就远一致原则，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填calls。 58．考查动名词。句意同上。空格处在从句中作主语，需用动名词形式。故填enhancing。 59．考查定冠词。句意同2小题。此处特指前文提到的塑料材料，用定冠词表特指。故填the。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避开这一难题，研究人员将纳米颗粒与几种常用塑料材料混合。此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填To get。 61．考查并列连词。句意：例如，他们将纳米颗粒添加到PEMA中，这种材料被用于制造助听器和人造指甲。hearing aids和artificial nails是并列名词短语，用and连接。故填and。 62．考查形容词比较级。句意：总体而言，这种新材料在不同测试中均表现出优于常规的性能，而像PEMA这样的材料在与纳米颗粒混合后，强度甚至提高了约50%。空格前有even about 50 per cent，表示与正常情况比较，需用形容词比较级。故填stronger。 63．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：研究人员还对这种新材料进行了计算机模拟以了解其效果。描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时，主语simulations与carry out为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were carried。 64．考查定语从句。句意：对于受力状态下的塑料，这些模拟显示纳米颗粒可以在材料内部移动并重新分布，这使得材料变形得更缓慢、更平稳。空格引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 65．考查副词。句意：这种移动能力同样有助于塑料在受热时更易流动。修饰形容词beneficial需用副词形式。故填similarly。 写作【范文】 A Chinese Painting Class for Exchange Students Recently, our school has established a Chinese painting class specifically for exchange students. The aim of this class is to introduce international students to the rich cultural heritage of Chinese art and to foster cross cultural exchange. The curriculum includes various traditional Chinese painting techniques such as ink wash painting and the use of traditional brushes and rice paper. Exchange students will learn to paint classic subjects like landscapes and bamboo, gaining hands-on experience in this ancient art form. This initiative is significant as it not only provides exchange students with a unique cultural experience but also promotes mutual appreciation. By participating in this class, they can develop a deeper understanding of Chinese culture and build lasting friendships with their peers. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校为交换生成立的国画班反响较好，要求考生按照要求为校英文报写一篇相关报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently → lately 建立：establish → set up 目的：aim → goal 各种各样的：various → a variety of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, our school has established a Chinese painting class specifically for exchange students. 拓展句：Recently, our school has established a Chinese painting class, which is specifically for exchange students. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Exchange students will learn to paint classic subjects like landscapes and bamboo, gaining hands-on experience in this ancient art form.（运用了不定式to paint作宾语、现在分词gaining作状语） 【高分句型2】This initiative is significant as it not only provides exchange students with a unique cultural experience but also promotes mutual appreciation.（运用了not only... but also...固定句型、as引导的原因状语从句） 【答案】One Possible Version Seeing my depression, Lina didn’t mention my previous rudeness but proposed a plan. Eager to make amends, I nodded gratefully and we set it in motion. Our forces joined, we split the messy pile into three categories: fairy tales, novels, and review materials. Lina set about creating eye-catching price tags with colorful pens, whereas I humbly borrowed long, elegant ribbons to decorate our table. Knowing students hunted for cheap books, we wiped the juice-stained copies clean and shouted warm promotions. Gradually, as a steady stream of curious buyers gathered, my face flushed with profound guilt for mocking her careful suggestions before. When the charity fair drew to an end, our book stall unexpectedly topped the donation list. To our immense thrill, the collected cash far exceeded our expectations. The heavy donation box in my hands, I turned to Lina with red-rimmed eyes. Not only did I formally apologize for my unbearable arrogance, but I also thanked her for saving the day. She accepted it softly, a forgiving smile washing away my lingering guilt. Ultimately, this unforgettable experience engraved a priceless truth in my mind: true success is rooted in collaboration rather than blind pride. From then on, I swallowed my ego, always ready to embrace others’ valuable advice. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了一个傲慢的高中男生在负责校园慈善义卖二手书摊时，因盲目自信、拒绝同学建议而导致书摊无人问津，后在同学Lina的帮助下重新整理并大获成功，从而领悟到合作与谦逊重要性的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写Lina主动提出帮助计划，作者感激地接受，两人合作整理书籍、制作标签、装饰摊位并热情推销，书摊逐渐吸引顾客，作者内心充满愧疚。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写义卖结束时书摊捐款额意外位居榜首，作者向Lina真诚道歉并感谢她的宽容，这次经历让作者深刻认识到真正的成功源于合作而非盲目的骄傲，从此学会接纳他人建议。 2. 续写线索：陷入沮丧——Lina主动帮助——合作整理与推销——书摊大获成功——真诚道歉与感谢——领悟合作真谛 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①寻找：hunt for/seek for ②道歉：apologize/make an apology 情绪类 ①愧疚：guilt/remorse ②宽容的：forgiving/tolerant 【点睛】【高分句型1】Gradually, as a steady stream of curious buyers gathered, my face flushed with profound guilt for mocking her careful suggestions before. (运用了as引导的状语从句) 【高分句型2】Not only did I formally apologize for my unbearable arrogance, but I also thanked her for saving the day. (运用了Not only置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构) ( 2028届高二年级英语试卷阶段性测试一-- 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $