Unit5 Section B (1a-1f)课件2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Unit 5 UNIT 5 Power of Ideas Section B How do we turn ideas into reality? 通过阅读介绍中国古代四大发明之一的造纸术的文章，了解纸的演进过程、蔡伦对造纸术的改良、造纸的基本流程，以及造纸术对世界文明发展的重要作用。 能够理解介绍历史上重大发明的说明文的核心内容，分析其语言特点。 能够掌握该语篇介绍造纸过程的表达方式，如顺序副词和被动语态的运用，并简洁、准确地复述造纸流程。 能够通过关注语篇中的指代关系来准确理解语义、把握语篇逻辑，增强语篇衔接意识。 能够正确运用所学语篇知识和语言表达，介绍另一项中国古代的伟大发明，实现知识与能力的迁移运用。 能够认识到造纸术对世界文明发展的重要影响，增强文化自信。 3 What material are they made of? Can you find more things made of these materials? wood metal plastic Do you know the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China? Papermaking Printing Gunpowder Compass Today we will talk about papermaking, one of the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China. Do you know who invented it? Cai Lun was an official in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He saw that bamboo and silk were not good for writing — they were heavy or costly. So he made paper from bark, cloth and fibres. His paper was light and cheap. He showed it to the emperor in 105 CE. His invention changed the way people recorded and shared information forever. Without paper, we couldn’t read books or newspapers. Without paper, we couldn’t write down our homework. Without paper, we couldn’t draw pictures. … What would our life be like without paper? So paper is really important in our daily life. Today, we are going to read a passage about papermaking. 7 What material are these things made of? Find more things that are made of this material. These things are all made of paper (and some other materials). When you see paper, what other things do you think of? sticky note notebook newspaper dictionary magazine Read the title of the text. What do you think the passage is mainly about? What do you expect to read about the invention in the passage? How papermaking was developed and improved in ancient China. Read the text and match each paragraph with its topic. 11 Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 A. Early materials to write on B. Cai Lun’s experiment C. Introduction to the topic D. How paper changed the world E. Cai Lun’s creative idea 12 Read the text and think about the writing purpose of each paragraph based on its topic. Paragraph Topic Purpose 1 Introduction to the topic 2 Background and problem 3 Cai Lun’s idea 4 Papermaking process and success 5 Influence Introduce the topic— papermaking and its importance Explain the problems with earlier writing materials Present the beginning of the solution Explain how paper was made and show that Cai Lun was successful Show the influence of papermaking 13 Find out what these pronouns from the text refer to. It in Paragraph 1: _________ It in Paragraph 5: _________ it in Paragraph 5: _________ This in Paragraph 5: _______ Understanding reference words Noticing what pronouns refer to will help you understand how different parts of the reading are connected. 代词是语篇衔接与连贯的重要纽带，其核心功能是避免内容重复、串联上下文逻辑。 确定代词指代对象的方法： 就近定位，结合单复数、词性、人称的语法一致性缩小范围； 回溯前文1-2句，根据语义锁定与代词有逻辑关联的内容，如名词或事件； 代入验证，将指代对象代入代词的位置，通读前后文，确保语义、语法、逻辑通顺。 It in Paragraph 1: ____________________________ It in Paragraph 5: ____________________________ it in Paragraph 5: _____________________________ This in Paragraph 5: __________________________ papermaking the papermaking technique the use of paper and printing a rapid increase in the number of books Read Para. 1 and answer the following question. Why does the writer ask readers to imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? To grab readers’ attention and make them realize how important papermaking is. 17 Read Paras. 2-3 and complete the table. Question Material to write on before Cai Lun Cai Lun’s paper What was it like? What was used to make it? difficult to use and store, or very expensive soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap Many different materials, such as animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk, and an early form of paper made from jute bark, certain plants, and old clothes 18 Read Para. 4 and finish the process of making paper. bark, certain plants, and old clothes were ____________________ mixed and boiled in water first this material was ____________________ ____________________ beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again the liquid was ____________________ ______, leaving just the fibre this fibre was ____________________ ____________________ poured over a bamboo screen next then dried and pressed to form paper finally Why does the writer mention the emperor in Paragraph 4? Because it shows Cai Lun’s paper was a great success and got the emperor’s recognition. Put the sentences in order. Then retell the process of making paper in your own words. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. B. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. C. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. D. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. 2 1 4 3 Read Para. 5 and finish the table. spread to ________________________________ ________________ Later on China’s neighbouring countries reached _________ through Arab countries In the 12th century the use of paper and ________ came together led to ___________ _________________ _________________ resulted in _______ _________________ shaped the modern world In later centuries Europe printing a rapid a new increase in the number of books birth of knowledge Para.1 → Hook Para.2 → Problem Paras.3-4 → Solution Para.5 → Spread and influence 文章整体采用 “总—分—总” 结构，按 “问题 → 解决 → 影响” 的叙事逻辑展开。 23 以反问句开头，引发读者兴趣，直接点明主题。 列举古代书写材料的缺陷，为蔡伦的发明做铺垫。 介绍发明者身份 + 灵感来源。从“问题”过渡到“解决方案的尝试”。 24 详细描述造纸的四个步骤。大量使用被动语态，突出动作本身而非执行者——这是说明文和科技类文本的典型特征。 呈现发明的成果和正面反馈。 结尾句子与开头呼应，形成闭环。 25 Some great inventions from ancient China include the compass, gunpowder, and printing. The compass made long-distance navigation possible, opening up new trade routes and exploration. Gunpowder changed the way wars were fought. Printing made it possible to produce books more quickly and cheaply, spreading knowledge and education around the world. Discuss the questions. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? 26 2. What qualities do you think a great inventor has? I think a great inventor is curious, creative, and persistent. They are not afraid to try new ideas and learn from their mistakes. They are also good at observing the world around them and finding solutions to everyday problems, just as Cai Lun did when he noticed that bark and plants could be used to make paper. 27 If Cai Lun hadn’t improved papermaking, what might be different in our daily lives? First, we might not have books, newspapers, or magazines, because all of them depend on paper. Second, information would not spread as quickly as it does today. The passage says that papermaking speeded up the development of culture and led to a rapid increase in books. Without paper, knowledge might not have been shared so easily, and the world might not have developed as fast. Also, people might still write on heavy bamboo, expensive silk, or stones, which were difficult to use. So paper really changed the world. 28 Talk about another invention that changed our life. You can find information with the following questions. What is the invention and what does it do? Who invented it and when? Where and how was it invented? What problem did it solve? What materials or methods were used to create it? How did it spread around the world? What effect did it have on people’s lives? The invention of printing Can you imagine a world without books? In ancient times, books were rare because people had to copy them by hand. It was slow and easy to make mistakes. Then came Bi Sheng, a common man in the Song Dynasty. He invented movable-type printing. First, he carved Chinese characters on small clay pieces. Next, he baked them hard in fire. Then, he arranged the pieces to form words and pressed them on paper. Finally, he could reuse the pieces for new pages. This method was quick and cheap. It made books more available and helped knowledge spread faster. be responsible for 引起某事；作为……的原因；对某事负责 塑造现代世界 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 来自 解决这个问题 想到这个主意 倾倒；倒在……上 令所有人惊讶的是 最重要的是 不仅…… 而且…… 加速；加快 传播到 结合；汇集 lead to 导致；引起 result in 造成；导致 a new birth of (某事物)的新生、重生 32 引起某事；作为……的原因 被用来做某事 来自 解决问题 最重要的是 倾倒；倒在……上 令人惊讶的是 不仅…… 而且…… 导致；引起 造成；导致 be responsible for be used to do sth. come from solve the problem most importantly pour over to sb.’s surprise not only … but also … lead to result in I can 了解纸的演进过程、蔡伦对造纸术的改良、造纸的基本流程，以及造纸术对世界文明发展的重要作用。 理解介绍历史上重大发明的说明文的核心内容，分析其语言特点。 掌握该语篇介绍造纸过程的表达方式，如顺序副词和被动语态的运用，并简洁、准确地复述造纸流程。 通过关注语篇中的指代关系来准确理解语义、把握语篇逻辑，增强语篇衔接意识。 正确运用所学语篇知识和语言表达，介绍另一项中国古代的伟大发明，实现知识与能力的迁移运用。 认识到造纸术对世界文明发展的重要影响，增强文化自信。 It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. 它比任何其他发明都更能促成信息的迅速传播，正是这些 信息塑造了我们的现代世界。 e.g. The storm is responsible for the death of 12 people. 这场暴风雨造成了12人死亡。 be responsible for 表示“引起某事”，还可表示“作为……的原因；成为……的起因” 作插入语，起强调作用 定语从句，修饰前面的information be responsible for sth对某事负责 e.g. We should be responsible for our own health. 我们应该对自己的健康负责。 be responsible for doing sth 对某事负责 e.g. Who is responsible for cleaning the classroom today? 今天谁负责打扫教室？ responsibility n. 责任；职责 e.g. It is our responsibility to protect the environment.  保护环境是我们的责任。 2. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. 然而，所有这些材料要么难以使用和储存，要么非常昂贵。 either ... or ... “或者……或者……；要么……要么……” 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要与邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致 e.g. You can come either this afternoon or tomorrow. 你要么今天下午来，要么明天来。 Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 expensive adj. 昂贵的；价格高的 e.g. Houses are very expensive in this area.  这个地区的房子非常贵。 It’s too expensive for me to buy.  太贵了，我买不起。 It is expensive to travel around the world. 环游世界很费钱。 It is expensive to do sth. 做某事很费钱 3. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. 人们尝试了各种用来制作书写材料的方法，但都不理想。 none pron. 没有一个；毫无 none 和no one 词汇 指代范围 能否与of连用 谓语动词 none 既可指人，也可指物 可以 作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可 no one 只能指人 不能 作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式 41 e.g. —How many students are there in the classroom?  —None. ——教室里有多少学生？ ——没有人。 None of the bags belong(s) to you. 这些袋子没有一个是你的。 No one knows the new teacher. 没有人知道这位新老师。 none of + 不可数名词 谓语动词用单数 e.g. None of the water is clean. 这些水都不干净。 【语境应用】根据句意选择正确答案。 A B — How many apples are there in the basket? — ______. A. None B. No one C. Nothing D. Nobody ______ of the students in our class ______ been to the Great Wall. A. No one; has B. None; have C. None; has D. Nobody; have 4. From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. 翻译： 从过去的经验中，蔡伦萌生了一个想法：树皮、某些植物和旧衣服可以被用来制作一种适合书写的特殊材料。 句子主干 that引导的同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容 从句主语 从句谓语 目的状语 后置定语 suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 e.g. He is suitable to be a monitor. 他适合当班长。 be suitable to do sth.  适合做某事 be suitable for sb. / sth.  对某人/某物来说合适 e.g. This book is suitable for middle school students. 这本书适合中学生。 The weather is suitable for a picnic. 天气适合野餐。 【语境应用】根据句意选择正确答案。 B 1) This kind of music is not suitable ______ the old people because it's too noisy. A. to B. for C. with D. of 2) The water in this well is suitable ______. A. to drink B. to drinking C. drink D. drank A 5. When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books. 在后来的几个世纪里，当纸的使用和印刷术结合在一起时，它促使书籍的数量迅速增加。 lead to 导致；造成 其中to是介词，后加动词-ing形式 e.g. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 Staying up late can lead to getting sick. 熬夜会导致生病。 result in “造成；导致”，后常接名词或名词性短语 6. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. 翻译： 这催生了一场知识的新生，造就了我们今天的世界。 句子主干 结果状语，补充说明句子主干的事件带来的影响 定语从句，修饰the world 48 e.g. The heavy rain resulted in a serious flood. 大雨导致了一场严重的洪水。 His laziness resulted in his failure. 他的懒惰导致了失败。 a new birth of （某事物）的新生，重生 e.g. The discovery of antibiotics marked a new birth of medicine. 抗生素的发现标志着药学的新生。 49 Remember the words and expressions in the passage. Write a short paragraph about “The invention of_________”. You can choose one of these: compass, gunpowder, or printing. null 143888.67 $Section b one b. Read the text and match each paragraph with its topic. An invention that changed the world. Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention, paper making IT more than any other invention was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. In ancient china, many different materials were used to ride on, such as animal bones, bronze ware, stones, would bamboo and even silk. In the western hunt dynasty, there was also a very early form of paper made from dude, a fiber that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use in store or very expensive. As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the eastern han dynasty, 泰伦became interested in trying to solve the problem。Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. In his times, some kinds of bark, the outer part of trees, were used to make clothes. From past experiences, Taylor got the idea that bark, certain plants and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. In the first step of kyl's experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then this material was beaten, cut up and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just a fiber. Finally, this fiber was dried in press to form paper. To everyone s surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. In one of five ce, 蔡伦showed his creation to the emperor。The emperor was very pleased and praised thailand for his great work. Later on, the paper making technique not only speeded up the development of chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. IT first spread to china's neighboring countries, and finally reached europe through arab countries in the twelve century, when the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries IT LED to a rapid increase in the number of books. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge creating the world we have today.