Unit 4 Reading Plus 讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Reading Plus · 讲义 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Reading Plus 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals — Reading Plus — The Brave Homing Pigeon 课型 拓展阅读课 年级 八年级上册 课时 Reading Plus 教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 4，课本 Reading Plus，p.85-86） 主题 人与自然——神奇的动植物（What makes plants and animals amazing?） 教学重难点 重点　读动物英雄故事《勇敢的信鸽》（The Brave Homing Pigeon），借助故事山（Story Mountain：Beginning / Rising action / Climax / Ending）梳理情节；完成阅读图表 16 空与主旨题；用“问题—行动—结果”三步结构仿写动物助人的小故事。 难点　故事山四个阶段的划分依据（背景铺垫—矛盾升级—最高潮—问题解决）；一般过去时叙事中不规则动词过去式（stopped / returned / flew / found / sent / explained）的准确使用。 本课词汇 单词/词组 音标 释义 pigeon /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ n. 鸽子 homing pigeon /ˈhəʊmɪŋ ˈpɪdʒɪn/ n. 信鸽（有归家本能的鸽子） fog /fɒɡ/ n. 雾（the thickest fog 最浓的雾） engine /ˈendʒɪn/ n. 引擎；发动机 captain /ˈkæptɪn/ n. 船长 sigh /saɪ/ v. 叹气；叹息 note /nəʊt/ n. 便条（tie a note to... 把便条系在……上） thirsty /ˈθɜːsti/ adj. 口渴的（the thirstiest bird 最口渴的鸟） company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司（the company office 公司办事处） wing /wɪŋ/ n. 翅膀（fast-moving wings 高速扇动的翅膀） 学习过程 （一）Step 1 热身：认识信鸽 一只小鸟，也能成为英雄——先认识今天的主角。 Look and say：1. Do you know what kind of bird it is? —A pigeon /ˈpɪdʒɪn/. 2. What can it do? —send messages 传递消息 / modern pigeon racing 现代赛鸽 / as a pet 作宠物 / companionship 陪伴。 故事出处：本文选自美国自然学家、作家欧内斯特·汤普森·西顿（Ernest Thompson Seton，1860—1946）的动物故事集《动物英雄》（Animal Heroes，1905 年首次出版），书中收录了 8 个关于野生动物智慧与勇气的故事。 图1　热身：信鸽能做什么 思路点拨：homing 指“有归家本能的”——信鸽无论飞多远都能找回家，所以古人用它送信。 （二）Step 2 主旨判断 What is the main idea of the story “The Brave Homing Pigeon”? A. The captain faced a serious problem at sea and tried to send a message using two pigeons. B. A young homing pigeon successfully delivered a call for help through difficult conditions, saving a ship in trouble. C. Billy found a very thirsty bird and quickly brought its message to his company office. 答案：B。补充结局句：Thanks to Arny, people sent help to the ship.（多亏了 Arny，人们向那艘船派去了救援。） 思路点拨：主旨题排除“以偏概全”和“只写一方”的选项。 （三）Step 3 故事山与阅读图表 Story Mountain（故事山）是梳理故事情节的可视化工具，把情节比作爬山：Beginning 开端（人物、背景、问题起因）→ Rising action 发展（矛盾出现、气氛紧张）→ Climax 高潮（最紧张、最精彩的转折点）→ Ending 结局（问题解决、人物感受）。 Complete the reading chart.（每空一词） 【Beginning】In 1862, a ship was on its way to ①________. The fog was the ②________ and the ③________ stopped working. The captain ④________ and they needed help! 【Rising action】The captain first sent a homing pigeon called Big Blue to send the ⑤________, but Big Blue ⑥________ right away. This made him more ⑦________. He then tied the note to Arny (a smaller, younger pigeon), the bird was ⑧________ from the ship. The captain felt more ⑨________. 【Climax】Almost 340 km away, Billy ⑩________ Arny and found the note. He ran to the ⑪________ office as fast as he could, and he learnt Arny had ⑫________ in fog and ⑬________ the sea for over four hours. 【Ending】Thanks to Arny, people ⑭________ help to the ship. The captain later ⑮________ that Arny was the most ⑯________ bird. 图2　故事山：Beginning → Rising action → Climax → Ending 【阅读图表】①Europe　②thickest　③engine　④sighed　⑤message　⑥returned　⑦worried　⑧away　⑨hopeful　⑩noticed　⑪company　⑫flown　⑬over　⑭sent　⑮explained　⑯amazing 思路点拨：按故事山顺序填空：先定阶段，再回原文找对应句。 （四）Step 4 精读五问 Read the story and answer the questions.（课文原文见课本 p.85） 1. What was the captain's problem? —The engine of the ship stopped working. 2. When did the captain's problem start? —It started just 10 hours after the ship left New York. 3. How did the captain send a message to Billy? —He tied a note to a homing pigeon's leg to send the message. 4. Why did the captain say “That's a good sign”? —Because he couldn't see the bird anymore, and it meant Arny had gone to find Billy at home. 5. Why was Arny so thirsty? —Because he had flown in fog and over the sea for more than four hours. 思路点拨：细节题回原文定位：第 1、2 问在第一段，第 3 问在第二段，第 4、5 问在后两段。 （五）Step 5 仿写：问题—行动—结果 结构梳理：①问题=时间+地点+人物+麻烦（In 1862, the captain was lost in the thick fog in the Atlantic Ocean and the engine of his ship stopped working.）②行动=动作 1+and+动作 2（His pigeon flew away to send the message and successfully brought back help.）③结果=结果+人物感受（Thanks to Arny, people sent help to the ship. The captain explained, “Arny is the most amazing bird!”） 练习（主题：狗狗找到迷路男孩，注意时态）提示词：go camping; my little brother; lost / sniffed(嗅); ran into / find; Mum; cry。 范文 The amazing dog：Last summer, my family went camping in the forest. Suddenly, my little brother was lost! Our dog Max sniffed (闻) brother's shirt and ran into the woods. After 30 minutes, Max found my brother near a tree. Mum cried, “You're our hero!” 范例 Dog Saves Boy：One rainy afternoon, Tim played near a river. He slipped and fell into the water! He couldn't swim well. His dog Buddy saw this. Buddy jumped into the river and swam to Tim. He bit Tim's shirt and pulled him to the bank. Tim was safe! His parents hugged Buddy and gave him extra meat. “Good dog!” they said. 图3　写话三步法：问题—行动—结果 图4　范文：The amazing dog 思路点拨：三步各写 1-2 句即可成篇：先搭骨架再填肉，时态全程过去时。 （六）Step 6 随堂检测 当堂完成，答案见各题下方。 1. Ten hours after the ship left New York, the engine ________ (stop) working. 答案：stopped（过去时，双写 p 加 -ed） 2. Big Blue flew up and then ________ (return) almost right away. 答案：returned（规则动词加 -d） 3. Arny ________ (fly) in fog and over the sea for more than four hours. 答案：flew（fly 的过去式） 4. Billy ________ (take) the note and ran to the company office as fast as he could. 答案：took（take 的过去式） 5. Thanks ________ Arny, people sent help to the ship. 答案：to（thanks to 多亏了） 6. 给下列情节排序：A. Big Blue returned right away. B. The engine stopped working. C. Billy found the note and ran to the company office. D. The captain tied a note to Arny. 答案：B→A→D→C（开端→发展→高潮→结局） 易错提醒 注意：故事发生在 1862 年，全文是过去时态——填空里的动词要用过去式或过去分词（stopped / returned / flew），不要写成原形。 注意：fly 的过去式是 flew，过去分词 flown（had flown in fog）；不要写成 flied。 答题技巧 主旨=主角+事件+结果。A 只讲船长没讲结局；C 只讲了 Billy 一个片段；只有 B 完整覆盖“信鸽穿越困境送出求救信、救船成功”。 ①②③是“最高级+名词”结构（the thickest fog）；⑫⑬是 had flown...over the sea 完成时；⑯被 the most 修饰用原形 amazing。 第 4 问要抓住前一句 Soon, the bird was away from the ship——看不见了反而说明它直飞目的地，所以是 good sign。 第 1-4 题先判断时间状语（Ten hours after... / for more than four hours），确定是过去时再变位；第 5 题固定短语 thanks to。 语言点归纳 写话三步模板：问题（时间+地点+人物+麻烦）→行动（动作 1+and+动作 2）→结果（结果+人物感受）； 高频句式：Thanks to... 多亏了…… / The captain explained, “...” 用引语收尾 / 最 amazing bird 用最高级点题。 课堂总结 本课围绕 Reading Plus《勇敢的信鸽》展开： 1. 认识信鸽与《动物英雄》，读懂 1862 年大西洋上信鸽送信救船的故事； 2. 借助故事山梳理 Beginning—Rising action—Climax—Ending，完成 16 空阅读图表； 3. 掌握“问题—行动—结果”三步写话法并仿写动物助人小故事； 4. 记住金句：Animals are our friends. We must respect them, remember them and love them! 第 页 共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $