Unit 2 Period Four Lesson 3 Getting to the Top （Reading）(PPT课件)-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册配套课件（北师大版）

Period Four Lesson 3 Getting to the Top (Reading) 1 课前自主探究 语言知识梳理 课后习题 2 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ①push oneself to the limits把自己推 到极限 ②ruin vt.毁掉, 糟蹋,毁坏 ③skip vt.不做 (本来应做的 事);跳过 (正常的步骤 等);蹦蹦跳跳地 走 Why do Olympic athletes push themselves to the limits ? As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much. “We're worried about you,” said my friend from across the table. 为什么奥林匹克运动员要将自己逼到极限呢?作为一名奥林匹克运动员,我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭度假、还放弃夜晚外出,但是放弃这么多是有非常充分的理由的。“我们很担心你,”坐在我对面的朋友说。 课前自主探究 3 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 He was worried ［1］that I had no longer become fun to train with ［2］and that I was in danger of being left with only a world championship medal and no one ［3］to share it with. ［1］that引导宾语从句,作worried的 宾语,可以省略。 ［2］and连接两个that引导的宾语从 句,作worried的宾语。 他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情,担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。 续表 课前自主探究 4 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ④could have done本可以做 某事(但未做) ⑤defensive adj.戒备的,自 卫的 ⑥element n. 基本部分;要素 ［3］不定式结构作定语,修饰no one。 I could have become angry or defensive . Don't they know ［4］how hard it is to be at the top in sport? Don't they know ［5］what it takes to get there? However, deep down I knew elements ［6］of what he was saying were right. 我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。难道他们不知道在体育运动中处于顶峰有多难吗?难道他们不知道走向顶峰需要付出多少吗? 然而,在内心深处,我知道他说的有一些是对的。 续表 课前自主探究 5 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ⑦workout n.训练,锻炼 work out锻炼;解决;弄懂;计算出 ⑧intensity n.强度;强烈 ⑨handle vt.处理,应付 n.把手,柄 ⑩extreme n.极端 I was always tired and every workout had a mental intensity ［7］that seemed too much for most to handle . I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond ［8］what most thought were healthy. 我总是疲惫不堪,每次锻炼带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都难以应对。我把极限提升到了大多数人认为的健康范围之外。 续表 课前自主探究 6 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ［4］宾语从句,画线部分作know的宾语;it作形式主语,不定式结构作真正的主语。 ［5］what引导宾语从句,作know的宾语,在句型“It takes…to do sth.”中,what作takes的宾语。 ［6］“of what…”介词短语作定语,修elements,what引导宾语从句,作of的宾语。 ［7］that引导定语从句,修饰a mental intensity,引导词在从句中作主语。 ［8］what引导宾语从句,作beyond的宾语。 续表 课前自主探究 7 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ⑪on a day- to-day basis 每天 ⑫selfish adj. 自私的,自私自 利的 ⑬sacrifice n. 牺牲 These are the fears ［9］I face as a professional athlete on a day- to-day basis . Who am I doing this for? How much is too much? Why am I doing this? How can I be so selfish ? What are the sacrifices for? ［9］定语从句,修饰fears,引导词被 省略。 这些是我作为职业运动员日常面临的恐惧。我这样做是为了谁?太多是多少?我为什么要这样做?我怎么能这么自私?这些牺牲是为了什么? 续表 课前自主探究 8 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ⑭countless adj.无数的,数不尽的 ⑮endless adj.无止境的,永久的,无休止的 hire vt.租用 ⑰triathlete n.铁人三项运动员 I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ［10］ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool to train in, almost missing my brother's wedding because I was too busy ［11］hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no-go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes . 我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚,因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池,而破坏了一次去法国的全家旅行;为了和当地的铁人三项运动员一起骑行训练,我忙于在约翰内斯堡市中心租车,开车闯过“禁行”区,差点错过哥哥的婚礼。 续表 课前自主探究 9 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ⑱boil vi. & vt.(使)沸腾,煮 沸 boil down to sth归结为;要点 是 ⑲be born with…天生具 有…… ⑳enormous adj.巨大的,庞 大的 The list is endless. ［10］两个现在分词结构作状语； because引导原因状语从句。 ［11］busy后两个动名词短语并列。 It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 这样的事情不计其数。 归根结底，我天生就是个特别有干劲儿和意志力的人。 续表 课前自主探究 10 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉑stay in待在 家里 ㉒get ahead 获得成功，领 先 ㉓length n.长 度 ㉔rugby n. (英式)橄榄球 From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play; I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games; I was the only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. 我还是个小女孩时,为了在课业上名列前茅,午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩；十岁的时候,当别的孩子在泳池戏水时,我会自己乘公共汽车去游泳池游50个来回;橄榄球俱乐部里,有250个男孩，只有我一个女孩。 续表 课前自主探究 11 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉕apply oneself to sth 努力;专心致志 于某事 I have always lived my life to extremes. Call it unhealthy ［12］if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to . ［12］if引导条件状语从句;定语从句 I roll修饰the way,引导词被省略;no matter what 引导让步状语从句。 生活中我一向把事情做到极致。你若说这是一种病态也行,但这就是我的做事风格,不管做什么我都会全力以赴。 续表 课前自主探究 12 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉖apart adj. & adv.分开;散开 set sb/sth apart使与众不 同 Being a professional athlete is no different. ［13］If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. ［13］if引导条件状语从句;第一个定 语从句修饰that little extra thing,引 导词被省略;第二个that引导的定语 从句修饰preparation,引导词在从句 中作主语,不可省略。 成为一名职业运动员也不例外。如果你想成为奥运冠军,就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点,它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 续表 课前自主探究 13 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉗overdo v.做 得过分 ㉘platform n. 舞台;月台 ㉙be committed to…致力 于…… ㉚injured adj. 受伤的 Can this be overdone ? Absolutely. But ［14］if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner's platform , you had better be totally committed to your sport. In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured , 这过分吗?当然。但如果你的梦想是成为最棒的并站上胜利者的奖台,你最好全身心地投入到运动项目中。用英国铁人三项运动员阿里斯泰尔·布朗利的话来说,即使这意味着受伤, 续表 课前自主探究 14 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉛outstanding adj.杰出的,优 秀的 ㉜average adj. 平庸的,普通的 n.平均水平;平 均数 “I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average .” ［14］if引导条件状语从句;不定式结 构作表语。 ［15］Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. “我宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌,而不选择十年的平庸无 为。” 做运动员让我们与众不同,因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点,这可能使我们走向顶峰。 续表 课前自主探究 15 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ㉝normal adj. 正常的,平常的 ㉞strive for 为……而努力 It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone ［16］who is striving for greatness. ［15］动名词结构作主语;what引导 宾语从句,作do的宾语;because引导 原因状语从句;第二个that引导定语 从句,修饰that extra little bit。 ［16］who引导定语从句,修饰先行 词anyone,引导词在从句中作主语。 它当然不是一种平衡的生活方式,也肯定不寻常,但平衡、寻常这些词是不会用来形容追求伟大的人的。 续表 课前自主探究 16 Step 1 Fast reading Read the passage quickly and fill in the chart. 4 sacrifices 5 8 reason why 课前自主探究 17 Step 2 Careful reading Read the text carefully and choose the best answer. ( )1.What does the writer think about her friend's worries? A.Unbelievable. B.Reasonable. C.Defensive. D.Thoughtful. √ 课前自主探究 18 ( )2.What can you infer from the first 2 paragraphs? A.Olympic athletes often have a balanced social life alongside their training. B.The pressure to succeed in sports can lead to sacrifices in personal relationships. C.All Olympic athletes enjoy training and find it easy to maintain friendships. D.The author believes that training for the Olympics is not challenging at all. √ 课前自主探究 19 ( )3.Why had the writer chosen to be an athlete? A.She was interested in sports since an early age. B.She was born with some necessary qualities. C.She was capable of earning more money. D.Her dream was to be a professional athlete. √ 课前自主探究 20 ( )4.What was the writer's choice as an athlete? A.To have a lifelong career as an average athlete. B.To live in a balanced way. C.To get to the peak even if it means having injuries. D.To do some different things. √ 课前自主探究 21 Step 3 Summary Read the text again and fill in the blanks. As one of the Olympic 1.________(athlete), I give up so much. And I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond 2.______ most thought were fit. Also, I make sacrifices in the daily life. For instance, I have missed 3.__________(count) birthday parties and nights out. It comes down 4.____ this: born with 5.____ enormous amount of drive and 6.______________(determine), I have always lived my life to extremes, 7._______ is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm occupied with. athletes what countless to an determination which 课前自主探究 22 8._______(be) an athlete is no different. It's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will make you stand out from your competitors. In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee, even if it means getting injured, he would prefer 9._________(have) three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average. Doing what we do as athletes 10._____(set) us apart because we are willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the success. Being to have sets 课前自主探究 23 1.ruin vt.毁掉,糟蹋,毁坏 n.毁坏,破坏 (教材P36) As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much. 作为一名奥林匹克运动员,我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭度假、还放弃 夜晚外出,但是放弃这么多是有非常充分的理由的。 语言知识梳理 24 (1)ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉 (2)fall into ruin 衰落,衰败 in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 语言知识梳理 25 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 It rained for a week on end, completely ________(ruin) our holiday. ruining (2)写作金句 ①(应用文写作话题之遗产保护) The historical site_______________ _____________________ so far so the government wants to have it repaired. 到目前为止，这个历史遗址已经破败不堪，所以政府想修复它。 has fallen into ruin/has been in ruins 语言知识梳理 26 ②(应用文写作话题之灾害预防) The strong earthquake left the city ________ merely in several seconds. 强烈的地震仅在几秒的时间里就使这座城市成了废墟。 in ruins 语言知识梳理 27 2.apply oneself to (doing) sth 努力;专心致志于(做)某事 (教材P37) Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying myself to. 你若说这是一种病态也行,但这就是我的做事风格,不管做什么我都会 全力以赴。 语言知识梳理 28 (1)apply v. 申请,请求;使用;应用;涂抹 apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请…… apply to do sth 申请做某事 apply to sb/sth 适用于……(to为介词) apply sth to… 把……应用于……;把……涂抹到…… (to为介词) (2)application n. 申请;申请书;应用 (3)applicant n. 申请人 语言知识梳理 29 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①［2024·新课标Ⅰ卷］With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile ___________(apply). application ②He is now applying himself to _________(study) traditional Chinese medicine. ③The job advertisement demands that any __________(apply) should have three years' experience. studying applicant 语言知识梳理 30 (2)熟词生义 Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.________ vt.涂抹 (3)写作金句 (应用文写作之申请信) Learning that a volunteer is needed for an exhibition of traditional Chinese painting, I am writing to __________________. 得知中国国画展览需要一名志愿者,我特写信申请此职位。 apply for the post 语言知识梳理 31 3.apart adj. & adv.分开;散开 (教材P37) If you want to be an Olympic champion, it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. 如果你想成为奥运冠军,就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点,它将使 你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 set sb/sth apart from 使……(和……)与众不同 tell…apart 把……区分开 语言知识梳理 32 tear apart 拆开;使分裂 fall apart 破裂;破碎;崩溃 apart from 除了……外;此外 语言知识梳理 33 【活学活用】 用apart相关短语的适当形式填空 ①A few people do well despite the pressure while others __________ under pressure. ②____________ attending the lecture, I actively participated in the question-and-answer session to enhance my understanding of the topic. fall apart Apart from 语言知识梳理 34 ③As you can see, his paintings __________________ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. ④The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple ___________ by their families. are set apart from torn apart 语言知识梳理 35 (教材P36) I could have become angry or defensive.我本可以生 气或者辩解一下的。 句型公式 “情态动词+have done”结构 语言知识梳理 36 【归纳拓展】 本句中的could have done表示“本能够做却没有做”。常用的“情态动 词+have done”结构还有以下几种: should have done表示“本该做却没有做” shouldn't have done表示“本不该做而实际上做了” needn't have done表示“本没必要做却做了” must have done表示对过去的肯定猜测,意为“一定做了” can't/couldn't have done 表示对过去的否定猜测,意为“不可能做过” may/might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测, 意为“可能已经 做过”或“也许已经做过” 语言知识梳理 37 【活学活用】 写作金句 ①(应用文写作话题之体育运动) The team _____________________ _______ in place to win the game so convincingly. 这个队一定事先制定了一个行之有效的策略，才得以如此令人信服 地赢得比赛。 must have had a strategy 语言知识梳理 38 ②(应用文写作之记人叙事) Although viewed as one of the most talented artists in European history, he _______________________ _____________ without his brother's assistance. 尽管他被视为欧洲历史上最有才华的艺术家之一,但如果没有他哥哥 的帮助,他不可能卖出一件作品。 couldn't/can't have sold a single work 语言知识梳理 39 ③(应用文写作话题之职业规划) Ben later joked that the job ____________________________ not as the “best”, but the “busiest job in the world”! 本后来开玩笑说这份工作本应该被宣传为“世界上最忙碌的工作”而不 是“最好的工作”! should have been advertised ④(读后续写之心理描写) I suddenly realized my mother ___________________ the Christmas presents somewhere in her bedroom. 我突然意识到妈妈可能已经把圣诞礼物藏在她卧室的某个地方了。 might have hidden 语言知识梳理 40 课 后 习 题 41 Ⅰ单词拼写(每小题1分，共6分) 1.He decided to _____(不做) the project because he was upset about the feedback he received. skip 2.Honesty is a crucial _________(要素) in building trust, and we should stick to the principle. element 3.The __________(学术的) environment in this university encourages ambitious students to explore various fields of knowledge. academic 1 2 3 4 5 6 课 后 习 题 42 4.This is a wonderful _________(舞台) for my passionate niece to showcase her dancing talent. platform 5.The ____________(杰出的) professor is highly respected for his contributions to the field of science. outstanding 6.The company decided to h_____ more employees to help with the new project. ire 1 2 3 4 5 6 课 后 习 题 43 Ⅱ单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1.__________(normal), I read before bed, but I'm depressed today and can't focus. Normally 2.The ________(injure) soldier showed great courage, and his determined spirit inspired others to keep fighting. injured 3.We measured the _______(long) of each side of the triangle in maths class. length 4.He grew __________(defend) when his friends criticized his behaviour at the party. defensive 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 44 5.The scenery in the mountains is __________(extreme) beautiful, and I'm truly grateful for this chance to visit. extremely 6.The _________(intense) of the competition puts all the competitors under great pressure. intensity 7.The cake ___________(ruin) by over-baking so she felt upset and didn't know how to handle it. was ruined 8.The explorer experienced __________(count) difficulties and dangers before he finally reached his destination. countless 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 45 9.Pouring ________(boil) water into the bottle requires caution to avoid getting burned. boiling 10.____ average, students in this school read a couple of books a month, but the ambitious ones aim to double that number. On 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 46 Ⅲ短语填空(每小题2分，共12分) 1.Susan's success in business can _____________(归结为) her determination and bravery. boil down to 2.If I ________(待在家里), my mother will cook a wonderful dinner for me. stay in 3.He __________________(努力,专心致志于某事) his new job with enthusiasm and was eager to make a good impression on his boss. applied himself to 1 2 3 4 5 6 课 后 习 题 47 4.In addition to her traits, her heavily accented Putonghua can also ____ her ______(使与众不同) from her classmates. set apart 5.The Olympic motto encourages athletes to continuously ____________________________(推动自己达到极限). push themselves to the limits 6.We should catch every valuable chance; otherwise we can ____________(被留给,剩有) nothing but regret and disappointment. be left with 1 2 3 4 5 6 课 后 习 题 48 Ⅳ句型训练(每小题3分，共9分) 1.The result was ______________________________, which brought great joy to every one of us. (宾语从句) 结果超出了我们的预期,这给我们每个人都带来了极大的喜悦。 beyond what we had expected 2.More importantly, ________________________________ regularly also relieves your stress, because sports can help you have a sound sleep at night. 更重要的是,经常和你的同学一起锻炼也可以减轻你的压力,因为运动 可以帮助你在晚上睡个好觉。 working out with your classmates 1 2 3 课 后 习 题 49 3.Judging from her expression, she ___________________ that I meant ill. 从她的表情来看，她一定以为我是恶意的。 must have thought 1 2 3 课 后 习 题 50 Ⅴ完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Dennis Hong designs and makes human-like robots. “Robots,” Hong notes, “are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or . .1. . to do.” When he was seven years old, he was . .2. . by two robots in a movie. On the way back home in the car, he told his parents that he was going to become a(n) . .3. .. As Hong became older, he started to . .4. . what engineering actually is. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 51 When he was in elementary school, he . .5. . maths. He got all As in science, but his maths result was really . .6. .. His father told him that engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a . .7. . and mathematics as a language. Even though he disliked maths, he realized that he had to study it harder to follow his . .8. . of becoming an engineer. Hong thinks . .9. . come from everywhere and at any time. His three-legged robot STriDER is a fantastic . .10. .. Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her . .11. .. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 She had three strands (股) of it, and then put one strand through the other two. . .12. ., the hair started to look like legs for Hong. He . .13. . designing STriDER after braided hair. Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the . .14. . that came before them. However, if the robot doesn't fall or . .15. ., he doesn't get to learn anything. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Hong从小就 梦想着成为工程师,经过不断努力,他最终实现了梦想。 ( )1.A.unwilling B.unlucky C.confident D.free [解析] 由上文“‘Robots,’ Hong notes, ‘are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or…’”和常识可知,机器人能 够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作，故选A。unwilling不乐意 的;unlucky不幸运的;confident自信的;free自由的。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 54 ( )2.A.protected B.impressed C.comforted D.supported [解析] 由下文by two robots in a movie和下文提到的他立志成为 工程师可知,他对一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻。be impressed by为固定搭配,意为“对……印象深刻”,故选B。protect保护;impress 给……留下深刻的印象;comfort安慰;support支持。 ( )3.A.engineer B.astronaut C.hairdresser D.teacher [解析] 由下文“…what engineering actually is.”可知,他立志成为一 名工程师,故选A。engineer工程师;astronaut航天员;hairdresser理发 师;teacher老师。 √ √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 55 ( )4.A.change B.doubt C.remember D.learn [解析] 由下文“…what engineering actually is.”和上文提到的他要成 为工程师可知,要想成为工程师,他需要学习工程学究竟是什么,故选D。 change改变;doubt怀疑;remember记住;learn学习,了解。 ( )5.A.enjoyed B.understood C.ignored D.chose [解析] 由下文“He got all As in science, but his maths result was really…”和“Even though he disliked maths…”可知,他不喜欢数学,所 以此处指忽略了数学,故选C。enjoy喜欢;understand理解;ignore忽 视;choose选择。 √ √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 56 ( )6.A.familiar B.perfect C.unsatisfactory D.irregular [解析] 由上文“He got all As in science, but his maths result was really…”中的but可知,前后是转折关系,他科学成绩一直很好,但是数学 成绩令人不满意,下文“Even though he disliked maths…”也是提示, 故选C。familiar熟悉的;perfect完美的;unsatisfactory不能令人满意 的;irregular不规则的。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 57 ( )7.A.secret B.tool C.belief D.goal [解析] 由上文“…engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a…”可知,工程师把科学当作工具，故选B。secret秘 密;tool工具;belief信念;goal目标。 ( )8.A.dream B.order C.question D.recommendation [解析] 由上文提到的他想成为一名工程师可知,此处指成为工程师是 他的梦想，故选A。dream梦想;order顺序;question问 题;recommendation推荐。 √ √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 58 ( )9.A.truths B.responsibilities C.ideas D.principles [解析] 由下文his three-legged robot STriDER可知,他发明了一个有 三条腿的机器人,这是由于一次偶然的经历。由此可知,此处指想法来 自任何地方和任何时间,故选C。truth真理;responsibility责任;idea主 意,想法;principle原则。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 59 ( )10.A.image B.symbol C.example D.wish [解析] 上文提到Hong认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间,再结合下 文描述他发明三条腿的机器人的经历可知,他用自己发明的三条腿机 器人来证明此观点。由此可知,此处指他的三条腿机器人 STriDER 就 是一个很好的例子,故选C。image图像;symbol象征;example例子;wish 愿望。 ( )11.A.rope B.cloth C.sweater D.hair [解析] 由下文“…the hair started to look like legs for Hong.”可知, 此处指头发,hair是同词复现,故选D。rope绳子;cloth布料;sweater毛 衣;hair头发。 √ √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 60 ( )12.A.Absolutely B.Suddenly C.Originally D.Exactly [解析] 上文提到Hong看到老妇人在编头发,因此这里指他突然间有 了灵感,这三股头发对于他来说就像三条腿,随后他发明了三条腿的机 器人,故选B。absolutely绝对地;suddenly突然地;originally最初;exactly 准确地。 ( )13.A.gave up B.ended up C.kept on D.put off [解析] 上文“…the hair started to look like legs for Hong.”提到 Hong看到老妇人将头发分成三股,突然间他有了灵感,三股头发对于 他来说就像三条腿,最终他发明了机器人STriDER,故选B。give up放 弃;end up以……告终;keep on继续;put off推迟。 √ √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 61 ( )14.A.arguments B.adventures C.failures D.performances [解析] 由“Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the…that came before them.”和“…if the robot doesn't fall…”可知,在STriDER机器人被成功设计出来之前,它会 摔倒,这说明成功之前会有一次次的失败,故选C。argument争 论;adventure冒险;failure失败的人(或事物);performance表演。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 62 ( )15.A.break B.protest C.hesitate D.disappear [解析] 由上文“…if the robot doesn't fall or…”可知,在发明机器人 时,机器人会出故障,即摔倒或破裂,但是这会让设计者从中学到很多, 故选A。break破裂;protest抗议;hesitate犹豫;disappear消失。 √ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 课 后 习 题 63 Ⅵ阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Why hard work is the key to success Hard work and success go hand in hand. 1.___ However, you have to spend a lot of time working hard for success to build up over time gradually. So you'll have to decide if you want to endure the pain of hard work, or look back and regret never having tried. That said, here are some points to consider before you make your choice. Everything comes at a price. C 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 64 Success, for the vast majority of people, does not come without hard work. 2.___ You have to push past the obstacles and hold the goal in your mind, realizing that each step forward is one closer to achieving it. Hard work helps you make your luck. If you are an average Joe and simply idle your way through life, you are likely just a spectator (观察者) waiting for something to happen or fall into your lap. The truth of the matter is that the odds of this happening are improbable. F 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 65 Success will not happen suddenly, but with the right amount of strong determination and hard work, your luck tends to get better. 3.___ Hard work promotes discipline. It is not always going to be easy, and even the most determined people may give up and admit that they are defeated and stop trying. 4.___ Discipline ensures that you still get up and you are determined to see the result confidently. You harvest what you sow. D B 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 5.___ The same goes for hard work. As you make a big effort each day and focus on your goals, you are consistently approaching your future success. As you begin to see the progress you have made, you will begin to feel a sense of achievement and pride in your work. A.Life is certainly full of challenges. B.That is where discipline comes into play. C.Obtaining success without hard work is impossible. D.When opportunities come your way, do not let them pass you by. E 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 67 E. If you invest money over time wisely, you will make a good profit eventually. F. You have to wake up early and head to work even when you do not feel like it. G. When you hit a failure, the first thing coming to mind is whether you worked hard. 【文章大意】本文是说明文。本文介绍了努力工作和成功是相辅相 成的。为了成功, 你必须投入大量时间和精力去努力地工作。努力工 作是成功的关键。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 68 1.___ C [解析] 根据前文“Hard work and success go hand in hand.”以及 后文“However, you have to spend a lot of time working hard for success to build up over time gradually.”可知,C项“Obtaining success without hard work is impossible.”是对前文的进一步说明, 且和后文构成转折关系,符合文意。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 69 2.___ F [解析] 根据本段小标题“Everything comes at a price.”可知,本段主 要介绍有付出才有回报,再根据后文“You have to push past the obstacles and hold the goal in your mind, realizing that each step forward is one closer to achieving it.”可知,人要付出才能成功, 所以F项“You have to wake up early and head to work even when you do not feel like it.”符合本段主题,介绍的都是成功的代 价,且结构和后文相同。故选F。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 70 3.___ D [解析] 根据前文“Success will not happen suddenly, but with the right amount of strong determination and hard work, your luck tends to get better.”可知,本段介绍了努力工作会带来好运, 成功不 会突然发生, 但有了适量的坚定决心并努力工作,你的运气才会越来 越好,所以D项“When opportunities come your way, do not let them pass you by.”与上文内容相衔接, 是对前文的总结,其中 opportunities与luck相呼应。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 71 4.___ B [解析] 根据本段小标题“Hard work promotes discipline.”以及后文 “Discipline ensures that you still get up and you are determined to see the result confidently.”可知,本段介绍了自制力对成功的作用, 所以B项“That is where discipline comes into play.”符合本段主题, 其中discipline为同词复现。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 72 5.___ E [解析] 根据本段小标题“You harvest what you sow.”可知,E项“If you invest money over time wisely, you will make a good profit eventually.”是对小标题的进一步说明,再根据后文“The same goes for hard work. As you make a big effort each day and focus on your goals, you are consistently approaching your future success.” 可知,E项符合语境,与下文相衔接。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 73 Ⅶ语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The formation and development of China's Maritime Silk Road, with a history of several thousand years, wove a tapestry (织锦，挂毯) of maritime 1._______(effort)—from modest beginnings in the Pre-Qin Era to the vibrant large-scale maritime trade that flourished Post-Qin and Han dynasties, from maritime migration for 2.________(survive) to economic trade, China's Maritime Silk Road has experienced 3.____ unusual course. efforts survival an 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 74 During the Qin and Han dynasties, social stability and development became the 4._______________(important) issues for the state which had just been unified into a 5.___________(centralize) state. During this period, social productive forces made great progress, 6.________ which shipbuilding technology and navigation technology were developed by leaps and bounds compared with before. It was during this period 7._____ all the navigation routes along the Chinese coast were unimpeded (畅通的). most important centralized among that 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 75 Upon this solid foundation, the name of China 8.____________(carve) in history through establishing the world's first oceanic route—the Maritime Silk Road, sailing from the calm waters of the South China Sea to the vast expanse of the Indian Ocean. was carved 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 9.___________(apparent), this route not only facilitated the exchange of goods but also fostered cultural and intellectual dialogue between civilizations, 10.________(leave) an everlasting mark on human history. Apparently leaving 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国海上丝绸之路的形 成、发展以及重要作用。 1._______ efforts [解析] 考查名词复数。根据下文内容可知，此处表示数量大于一， 应用effort的复数形式。故填efforts。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 77 2.________ survival [解析] 考查名词。空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词survival。故填 survival。 3.____ an [解析] 考查冠词。course为泛指，且unusual是发音以元音音素开头 的单词。故填an。 4._______________ most important [解析] 考查形容词最高级。根据上文定冠词以及句意可知，此处为 形容词最高级，在important前加most。故填most important。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 78 5.___________ centralized [解析] 考查形容词。空处修饰名词state，应用形容词centralized， 作定语。故填centralized。 6.________ among [解析] 考查介词。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句， 且表示“在(三者或三者以上)……中”，应用among。故填among。 7._____ that [解析] 考查强调句。此处为强调句结构“it was/is+被强调部分 +that/who+其他”，被强调部分为during this period。故填that。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 79 8.____________ was carved [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语the name of China 与谓语carve构成被动关系，结合上文upon this solid foundation可 知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意 义，谓语用单数。故填was carved。 9.___________ Apparently [解析] 考查副词。空处修饰后文句子，应用副词 apparently，位于 句首，首字母大写。故填Apparently。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 80 10.________ leaving [解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处leave与route构成主动关系，故用现在 分词作状语。故填leaving。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 81 $