Welcome unit Period Three Discovering Useful Structures(Word讲义)-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册学生用书（人教版）

Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures 【探究发现】 阅读下列例句并感知其句型结构。 1.(教材P2) My name is Amy. 2.(教材P3) A boy meets a girl during a break. 3.(教材P6) We must act. 4.(教材P6) The teacher found the classroom empty. 5.(教材P6) My mum bought me a new dictionary. 6.There is no need to argue about this matter. 【自主归纳】 1.句　　　　　　是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语”结构。  2.句　　　　　　是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。  3.句　　　　　　是“主语+谓语(不及物动词)”结构。  4.句　　　　　　是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构。  5.句　　　　　　是“There be…”结构。  6.句　　　　　　是“主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。  一、句子的基本成分 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。 1.主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当, 通常置于句首。有时用it作形式主语。 ①Who’s knocking at the door? ②It’s good to swim in summer. 2.谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。 ①She loves him deeply in her heart. ②I will wait for you at the school gate.  3.表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态或特征,一般由名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子等充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。 ①He looks very angry. ②The dictionary is in the bag.  4.宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。 ①He wrote many plays. ②I saw a cat in the tree.  5.宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充或说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。 ①I’ve never seen her dancing. ②Father will not allow us to play on the street.  6.定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后。 ①Our country is a developing country. ②Do you have time to help us?  7.状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。 ①We like English very much.  ②He is playing under the tree.  ③When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.  8.同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且句法功能也一样,那么后一项称为前一项的同位语。 ①We students should study hard. ②Tom, a middle school student, comes from the USA.　  二、句子的八种基本句型 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成八种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这八种基本句型是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 基本句型一:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语) 在该句式中,句子的主语和谓语能表达完整的意思,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 1. We all breathe, eat, and drink.  主语(平行)谓语 2. What he said does not matter.  　　主语　　　　 谓语 基本句型二:Subject (主语)+Linking verb(系动词)+Predicative(表语) 在该句式中,常见的系动词有be, feel/sound/taste/look, grow/become/get/turn, remain等,其后常接名词、形容词、从句等作表语。 1. . 2. The dinner smells good.  　主语 　系动词 表语 3. The trouble is that they are short of money.  主语　系动词　　　　表语 基本句型三:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语) 在该句式中,谓语为及物动词,宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。 1. . 2.He has refused to help them.  主语 谓语 　　　宾语 3. They ate what was left over.  主语 谓语 　　宾语 基本句型四:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object(直接宾语) 在该句式中,谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面,直接宾语在后面。 1. . 2. . [温馨提示] 若要先说直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助介词to或for。后面接双宾语时加to的动词有:give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write等;后面接双宾语时加for的动词有:buy, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, save, spare等。 如: Two years ago, my mother bought me a nice watch on my birthday.  →Two years ago, my mother bought a nice watch for me on my birthday.  基本句型五:Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语) 在该句式中,谓语动词加宾语再加宾补才能表达完整的意思, 宾补可以是形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。 1. . 2. often . 3. . 4. . 基本句型六:Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Adverbial(状语) 1. . 2. . 基本句型七: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)+Adverbial(状语) . 基本句型八: There be句型 There are 50 students in our class. 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 指出下列句子所属的句型 1.We are the master of our own future.   2.An old man was walking slowly and carefully.   3.Farmers grow lots of vegetables.   4.Friends made my life full of excitement.   5.The sun was shining.   6.Granny told me a very interesting story last night.   ●Ⅱ 语法与写作 1.The meeting 　　　　　　　　　　　　(将持续两个小时) because we can’t cover that much ground in one hour. (last)  2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我的家乡发生了巨大的变化) in the past ten years. (take place)  3.Every afternoon   　　　　　　　(许多学生来图书馆) to borrow books. (come)  4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我给Mary写了一封信) last night, explaining what had happened. (write)  5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们制订了一个计划) to fulfil the project within three weeks. (make)  6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我妹妹告诉了我一个事故) that happened on her first day at school. (tell)  7.  (他给妈妈买了一件新大衣) with his first month’s salary. (buy) 8.Every morning   　　　　　　(我们听到他大声朗读英语) in the classroom. (hear)  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures 【自主归纳】 1.2　2.1　3.3　4.5　5.6　6.4 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 1.主语+系动词+表语　2.主语+谓语+状语　3.主语+谓语+宾语　4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语　5.主语+谓语　6.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语+状语 ●Ⅱ 1.will last two hours 2.Great changes have taken place in my hometown 3.a lot of students come to the library 4.I wrote a letter to Mary 5.We have made a plan 6.My sister told me an accident 7.He bought a new coat for his mother/bought his mother a new coat　 8.we hear him reading English aloud 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $