UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书Word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语核心语法点，通过“美文诵读感知语境—语法体悟分类识别—基础落实构成规则—重难探究句法功能”的学习支架，系统梳理三类短语的构成形式及在句中作主语、表语、宾语等成分的用法。 该资料以语篇故事（如Bernard卖爆米花）为载体，融合精品微课、课件资源，助力学生在语境中提升语言理解与表达能力。通过判断短语类别、扩展句子等分层练习，培养分析与应用的思维品质，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，落实学习能力的培养。

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures　 ——名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语　 美文诵读 语法体悟 　　Because everything had been ready，Bernard started out on ①his new business.Although it was ②a hard time and things were tight for everybody，Bernard's business worked out ③quite well.He carried the popcorn on ④his small bike and went from door to door to sell it.People were surprised to see ⑤such a little，poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn at their doors，but at last almost all of them would buy a bag or two.Bernard was ⑥quite happy.Love makes the world go round and Bernard felt it deep in ⑦his little heart. 1．名词短语：①②④⑤⑦ 2．形容词短语：⑥ 3．副词短语：③ NO.1　名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 【基础落实】 1．含义 名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2．构成 构成 例词 限定词＋名词 ①two cars 两辆汽车 限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 ②that handsome boy英俊的男孩 限定词＋名词＋介词短语/非谓语动词 ③the campus of our school我们学校的校园 限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 ④some apple trees一些苹果树 [点津]　名词短语中的限定词包括四类：(1)冠词(a、an、the)；(2)指示代词(this、that、these、those等)；(3)物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their等)；(4)不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。 【重难探究】 名词短 语的四 大句法 功能 名词短语可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语和同位语，需结合语境明确功能 写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语的组成及其在句中所作的句子成分 ①These ideas may seem strange to you.指示代词＋名词；作主语 ②We love our great motherland very much.物主代词＋形容词＋名词；作宾语 ③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher.物主代词＋名词；作表语 ④We made him capital of our team.名词＋介词短语；作宾语补足语 ⑤My friend, a freshman in senior high, likes reading literature books.冠词＋名词＋介词短语；作同位语 [点津]　captain等职位名词作宾语补足语时，前面不用加冠词 NO.2　形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 【基础落实】 1．含义 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。 2．构成 构成 例词 副词＋形容词 ①very suitable很合适 形容词＋enough ②good enough足够好 形容词＋介词短语 ③sure of success对成功有把握 副词＋形容词＋介词短语 ④well worthy of praise很值得表扬 [点津]　enough 修饰形容词时后置，修饰名词时前置，如enough time。 【重难探究】 功能 概要 例句 作定语 (修饰名 词/代词) 说明名词/代词的性质/特征，多数前置；带介词短语的形容词短语常后置。 写出下列句中加黑的形容词短语的构成形式及在句中所作的成分 示例：It is less cold today than it was yesterday. 副词＋形容词；作表语 ①I find English very hard to learn.副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 ②Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.副词＋副词＋形容词；作表语 ③The medicine is good for stomach.形容词＋介词短语；作表语 ④He looked very worried.副词＋形容词；作表语 ⑤Cold and hungry，he stopped working and went home.形容词＋形容词；作状语 ⑥A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 作表语 (系动词后) 位于 be/feel/look 等系动词后，描述主语的状态/特征。 作宾补 (宾语后) 补充说明宾语的状态/性质，常见于“动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 作状语 (说明主语 状态/原因) 多位于句首(加逗号)，说明主语的情绪、状态或动作的原因。 NO.3　副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP) 【基础落实】 1．含义 副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。 2．构成 构成 例词 副词＋and/but/or＋副词 ①faster and faster越来越快 副词＋副词 ②pretty well相当好 a lot/a little＋副词(比较级) ③a little better好一点 副词＋enough ④fast enough足够快 【重难探究】 功能 概要 例句 修饰动词 说明动作的 “方式/程度/范围”，多位于动词(或宾语)之后。 写出下列句子中加黑的副词短语在句中所修饰的成分，并注意其组成 ①He ran very quickly yesterday.修饰动词 ②I am much too pleased to see you.修饰形容词 ③She plays well enough as a beginner.修饰动词 ④He worked much more carefully on the new design.修饰副词 修饰形容词 说明形容词的 “程度”，位于被修饰的形容词之前。 修饰副词 说明副词的 “程度”，位于被修饰的副词之前。 Ⅰ.判断下列句子中画线短语的类别及其语法 示例：①The first week was ②a little confusing． ①名词短语作主语 ②形容词短语作表语 1．She soon got them interested in cycling． 形容词短语作宾补 2．Jane felt really anxious and frightened when the exam results were announced. 形容词短语作表语 3．When he was ①a teenager，②a car accident nearly took ③his life． ①名词短语作表语②名词短语作主语③名词短语作宾语 4．She is ①a clever girl and can learn ②new skills ③very fast. ①名词短语作表语 ②名词短语作宾语③副词短语作状语 5．I think he is ①the man ②suitable for the job, because he is ③full of ambition． ①名词短语作表语②形容词短语作定语 ③形容词短语作表语 6．It was raining ①very heavily the day we moved, which made ②the thing ③rather too difficult． ①副词短语作状语②名词短语作宾语③形容词短语作宾补 Ⅱ.利用括号中的词扩展下面的句子 1．It was a chance for us to see animals.(great; all kinds of) 2．We should work harder to protect animals.(much; those; rare) 3．I am confident when I have to talk to different people.(quite) 4．When I was staying with a French family, I saw something unusual.(far more) 【答案】 1．It was a great chance for us to see all kinds of animals. 2．We should work much harder to protect those rare animals. 3．I am quite confident when I have to talk to different people. 4．When I was staying with a French family, I saw something far more unusual. Ⅲ.写出下列短文中加黑短语的类型，并写出其所作的成分 In Canada，volunteering is extremely common① among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities②to have.There are many forms of voluntary work③ and opportunities to help are everywhere，including schools or people's gardens. I'm volunteering for an organisation to assist the teachers there④.I'm in charge of a preschool class，where students are very lovely⑤.When I first started，I was quite nervous⑥as I'd never worked with little kids before.As time went on，I became more familiar with them.One teacher asked me to help the youngest girl⑦ in the class draw a picture based on the word “grateful”．As I was drawing and talking with her，I gradually felt warm and peaceful⑧， and I realized it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over，I felt really excited and even a bit proud of⑨ what I had done. Volunteering gives us not only an opportunity to change someone's life but also the satisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.For example，I have learned to speak to others more kindly and clearly⑩. 答案：①形容词短语；作表语　②名词短语；作表语　③名词短语；作宾语　④名词短语；作宾语　⑤形容词短语；作表语　⑥形容词短语；作表语　⑦名词短语；作宾语　⑧形容词短语；作表语　⑨形容词短语；作表语　⑩副词短语；作状语 课时测评7　Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures (时间：30分钟　满分：64分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] Ⅰ.画出下列句子中的名词短语，形容词短语或副词短语，并判断其在句中所作的成分。(每小题2分，共16分) 1．Mr Smith is a man with good manners. Mr Smith is a man with good manners． 名词短语作表语 2．She types quickly and correctly. She types quickly and correctly． 副词短语作状语 3．The girl became quite cheerful at the good news. The girl became quite cheerful at the good news． 形容词短语作表语 4．Holiday flights are getting less and less expensive. Holiday flights are getting less and less expensive． 名词短语作主语 形容词短语作表语 5．The boy entered a shoe store which was big and tidy and bought a pair of shoes. The boy entered a shoe store which was big and tidy and bought a pair of shoes． 名词短语作宾语 形容词短语作表语 名词短语作宾语 6．These books for children are much too easy for adults to read. These books for children are much too easy for adults to read． 名词短语作主语 形容词短语作表语 7．We consider him a good teacher. We consider him a good teacher． 名词短语作宾语补足语 8．The author likes doing volunteer work because it makes her very happy. The author likes doing volunteer work because it makes her very happy. 名词短语作宾语 Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共18分) 1．我对中国文化很感兴趣。 I am very interested in Chinese culture. 2．我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。 We will try to make our country more beautiful． 3．我在中文演讲比赛中得了第一名。 I won the first prize in the Chinese speech contest. 4．它听起来像个好主意。 It sounds like a good idea． 5．我认为我们的城市应该健康发展以便我们将来能有一个更好的家乡。 I think our city should develop healthily so that we can have a better hometown in the future. 6．广州是一个美丽的地方，适合人们居住。 Guangzhou is a beautiful place for people to live. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2026·福建莆田五中高一上期中) When I entered Grade 10, I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions.One Monday, I found a yellow sticky note on my desk without name, just a simple 1 ： “Your smile lights up the room！” I felt 2 when I saw the note. The next day, another note appeared: “Great job answering in history class！” I had only 3 one sentence, but someone noticed.I began to 4 myself—was I really that worthy? Weeks passed and the notes kept coming.They 5 small things: my neat handwriting, the way I helped classmates, even the funny 6 I drew on the margins.I started to sit straighter, speak louder, and greet others first. Then came the mid-term oral exam.My hands were sweating as I walked to the front.Just before I spoke, I saw a yellow corner sticking out of my pencil case: “ 7 —you've got this！” That tiny word was like a 8 pushing me forward.I finished the speech 9 and even earned an “A”． After class, I decided to thank and 10 the mystery writer.I handed out thank-you cards to the whole class, 11 one blank piece of yellow sticky paper inside each envelope.The next morning, I received 35 pieces back — everyone had written a kind word.The mystery remained, but it no longer 12 ． Now, two years later, I still keep the first yellow note in my diary.Whenever new students arrive, I would 13 a small card on their desks: “You're 14 than you think.” I don't sign my name, because I know a single sentence can 15 a life. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者高一时因害羞自卑，被匿名便利贴鼓励后变得自信，后来也用同样方式温暖新生的故事。 1．A．joke B．greeting C．message D．trick 答案：C 解析：根据后文“Your smile lights up the room！”可知，便利贴上是一句简单的信息。 2．A．anxious B．warm C．annoyed D．confident 答案：B 解析：根据前文“Your smile lights up the room！”可知，善意的留言会让人产生温暖的感受。 3．A．repeated B．corrected C．remembered D．whispered 答案：D 解析：根据前文“I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions”可知，作者性格害羞，回答问题时应是小声的。 4．A．doubt B．blame C．pride D．hide 答案：A 解析：根据后文“was I really that worthy？”可知，作者对自己是否配得上赞美产生了怀疑。 5．A．praised B．talked C．discovered D．created 答案：A 解析：根据前文“Great job answering in history class！”可知，这些便签都是赞美之语，“赞扬”符合语境。故选A项。 6．A．notes B．cartoons C．shapes D．lines 答案：B 解析：根据前文“funny”和后文“drew on the margins”可知，在页边空白处画的有趣事物应是漫画。 7．A．Relax B．Hurry C．Wait D．Listen 答案：A 解析：根据前文“My hands were sweating as I walked to the front.”可知，作者考试时紧张，便签上的话应是鼓励他放松。 8．A．wind B．voice C．hand D．light 答案：C 解析：根据后文“pushing me forward”可知，“手”是能发出“推”这个动作的具象事物。 9．A．carefully B．nervously C．slowly D．fluently 答案：D 解析：根据后文“and even earned an ‘A’”可知，作者演讲表现出色，“流畅地”符合优秀的表现。 10．A．pick B．find C．replace D．greet 答案：B 解析：根据后文“the mystery writer”可知，作者不知道写便签的人是谁，所以想要找到对方。 11．A．hiding B．drawing C．including D．covering 答案：C 解析：根据后文“everyone had written a kind word”可知，空白便利贴被放进信封里，“包含”符合“信封内有便利贴”的逻辑。 12．A．worked B．appeared C．changed D．mattered 答案：D 解析：根据前文“received 35 pieces back — everyone had written a kind word”可知，作者收获了全班的善意，此时谁是最初的写作者已不再重要。 13．A．put B．hand C．steal D．deliver 答案：A 解析：根据前文“I found a yellow sticky note on my desk”可知，作者延续了当初收到便签的方式，将卡片放在新生桌上。 14．A．braver B．busier C．kinder D．older 答案：A 解析：根据前文“When I entered Grade 10, I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions.”可知，作者曾因害羞不自信，被鼓励后变得勇敢，由此可知，卡片上的话是鼓励新生勇敢。 15．A．save B．change C．spare D．direct 答案：B 解析：根据前文作者从害羞自卑变得自信勇敢的经历可知，一句鼓励的话能改变一个人的生活。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2026·福建六校高一上期中)As a new senior high school student, you will meet a lot of challenges.The following 1.________ (be) some tips to help you lead a meaningful life. Firstly, it is important for you 2.________ (make) the most of amazing resources in the school to realize your potential.At the same time, make great 3.________ (effort) to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity to improve 4.________ (you) ability.The more knowledge you acquire, the more confidence you will have.Secondly, keep in mind 5.________ good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal 6.________ (important).Plan your study 7.________ (careful) and focus on your lessons in class.After class you'd better exchange words 8.________ your classmates to improve your communication skills.In a word, learn to balance between your study 9.________ hobbies and work out a reasonable plan.Soon, you will be 10.________ outstanding individual! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了一些建议，以帮助高中生能够拥有更有意义的生活。 1．答案：are 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；谓语动词和“some tips”保持一致。故填are。 2．答案：to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当主语，用动词不定式形式， it is＋形容词＋for sb to do sth。故填to make。 3．答案：efforts 解析：考查固定短语。make great efforts to do sth，努力做某事。故填efforts。 4．答案：your 解析：考查代词。分析句子成分可知，设空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰空后的名词ability。故填your。 5．答案：that 解析：考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句，宾语从句不缺少成分，故填that。 6．答案：importance 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，设空处为名词形式，构成“be of ＋名词”结构。故填importance。 7．答案：carefully 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词形式。故填carefully。 8．答案：with 解析：考查固定短语。exchange...with...意为和……交流……，符合句意。故填with。 9．答案：and 解析：考查固定短语。between...and...意为在……和……之间，故填and。 10．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。修饰名词individual，表示泛指，用不定冠词；设空后单词“outstanding”发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $