Unit 4 语法 形容词副词最高级2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法和写作讲解 语法：形容词和副词最高级 一.定义：形容词、副词的最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较： 常用ofm来说明比较的范围；形容词和副词前要加定冠词he，副词最高级前 的the有时可省略。 二形容词、副词最高级的构成： 规则变化： 1.一般情况下，直接在形容词或副词后+est。 如：tall”(高的)变为tallest”(最高的)；fast?(快地)变为fastest'?(最 快地)。 2.以不发音的-e结尾的单词，直接+st。 如：ice”（好的)变为nicest'”（最好的)：“late”(晚的)变为“latest”（最 晚的)。 3.以辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变y为i,再+est。 如：happy'”(开心的)变为happiest”(最开心的)： early”（早地)变为“earliest”(最早地)。 4.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，再+est。 如：big”（大的)变为biggest”（最大的)；4hot”（热的)变为hottest”（最 热的)。 5.部分双音节和多音节单词，在单词前+most。 如：beautiful”(美丽的)变为most beautiful”（最美丽的)；"carefully”（仔细 地)变为most carefully'”(最仔细地)。 不规则变化：有一些形容词和副词的最高级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。 如：good /well”（好的/好地)的最高级是best”（最好的/最好地)。 bad /badly'”(坏的/坏地)的最高级是"worst'”(最坏的/最坏地)。 many /much'”（许多)的最高级是nost?（最多的)。 little”(少的)的最高级是“least”（最少的)。 far”(远的)的最高级有“farthest'?(最远的，侧重于距离)和"furthest??（最 远的，可指距离、程度等)。 c“old?的最高级有c“oldest'(最年长的，指年龄大小)和eldesti”(最年长的，常 用于表示家庭成员间的长幼顺序)。 【即学即用】写出下列单词的最高级形式 1.big→biggest 2.small→smallest 3.heay→heaviest 4.fine→finest_5.cheap→_cheapest 6.happy→_happiest_ 7.close>closest 8.fresh->freshest 9.comfortable->most comfortable 10.creative->most creative 11.bad>worst 12.carefully->most carefully 13.good/wel→best14.many/much→most_15.fat→_fattest 三.形容词、副词最高级句型的用法： 1.主语+be+he+形容词最高级+in/of短语，意为...是..中最..的” 主语+实义动词（+he)+副词最高级+in/of短语，意为...在...中最..” Eg.My mother is the busiest one in my family.妈妈是我家最忙碌的人。 Tom works(he)hardest in Class3.在3班汤姆学习最努力。 2.主语+be+one of the叶形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语”，意为.是.中 最..的.之一” Eg.The High Speed Rail is one of the newest inventions in China.高铁是中国最新 的发明之一。 2 3.疑问词+be+he+形容词最高级，A、BorC?”,用于三个或三个以上的人或事 物之间的比较 “疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形(+th)+副词最高级，A、BorC?” Eg.Who is the tallest,.Tom,Kate or Bill?汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁最高？ Which city do you like best,.Beijing,Shanghai or Guangzhou?你最喜欢哪个城 市，北京、上海还是广州？ 4.“主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语”，意为. 在.中是第几的.” Eg.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 【即学即用】最高级句型练习。 1.I think one of the easiest (easy)ways to make you strong is to exercise more. 2.Most of the students think Huang Bo is one of the most popular(popular)movie stars in China now. 3.Who is the thinnest(thin),Amy,Alice or Ann? 4.This is the nicest (nice)folding fan in the shop. 5.This is the best (good)way to protect wild animals 6.Among all the players,Tom plays worst (badly) 7.It is one of the most amazing (amazing)plants in nature. 8.The Changjiang River is the longest (long)river in China,and it is the third (three)longest (long)river in the world. 9.Which runs the most carefully (carefully),the bus,the train or the plane? 10.This is the most beautiful (beautiful)painting that I have ever seen. 11.We need the furthest (far)information to protect these plants. 3 课后练习 一.单句语法填空。 1.Bamboo is one of the finest (fine)growing plants in nature. 2.Of all sea animals,the blue whale has the biggest (big)body on earth. 3.Which flower is the thinnest (thin),the rose,the lily or the peony? 4.The rainforest has the most (many)kinds of wildlife in the world. 5.That redwood tree is the hugest (huge)plant that people have ever found. 6.Of all the volunteers,Tina watches over wild animals the most carefully (carefully). 7.This is the worst (badly)living environment for frogs among the three places. 8.Fishing is one of the most popular (popular)activities among the middle-aged men like my uncles 9.Amy has read many history books,so she learns history best (well)of all the subjects 10.Of the three pens,the boy chose the most expensive (expensive)one 11.Staying with family and friends is one of the happiest(happy)things in the world. 12.-Did Cindy win the first prize in the long jump? -Yes.She jumped (the)farthest (far)of all the players. 13.Yangtze River is the third longest (long)river in the world.It runs across China from the west to the east. 二.完成句子。 1.在所有学科中，我认为英语是最有用的。 Of all the subjects,I think English is the most useful. 2.这是我听过的最令人感动的故事。 This is the most moving story that I have ever heard. 3.在这三种树木当中，哪一种需要最少的水分？ Which tree needs the least water among the three kinds of trees? 4.在所有志愿者中，她最认真地观察昆虫的活动。 Among all the volunteers,she watches the activities of insects (the)most carefully 5.长沙是中国最受欢迎的城市之一。 Changsha is one of the most popular cities in China. 6.Taking action is the best way to protect wild animals. 采取行动是保护野生动物最好的方式。 7.Reading books is one of the most useful hobbies that help us open our eyes to the world 读书是帮助我们开阔眼界最有用的爱好之一。 8.Swimming is the second most popular sport among all the after-school activities. 游泳在所有课外活动中是第二受欢迎的运动。 9.It is the most unforgettable experience for me to take a trip to the seaside. 去海边旅行对我来说是最难忘的经历。 10.This cinema has the most comfortable seats and the friendliest service. 这家电影院有最舒服的座位和最友好的服务。 三.语法填空。(2025长那期中考) Sunflowers are beautiful and useful plants that people all over the world enjoy. They can grow very tall,sometimes over three meters.A young sunflower has 46 amazing ability-its flower face follows the sun across the sky from east to west each day This movement is called heliotropism ()It helps the young plant get as much sunlight as possible.However,when the flower becomes heavy with seeds( )it stops 47(move)and stays facing east forever. The sunflower is not only pretty but also important.In fact,do you know it's one of the most useful 48 (plant)in the world?For example,we can eat their seeds as a healthy snack.Besides being a great snack,we can also make cooking oil from them.Last month,I 49 (buy)some sunflower seeds from the supermarket,and they were really delicious! For farmers,sunflowers are a good plant 50 they grow quite easily.What's more,they are the 51(strong)in fighting dry weather among many plants These happy-looking flowers bring color to our gardens and food to our tables. That's why sunflowers are so popular in many countries.They are tuly wonderful plants that make our world brighter and 52 (beautiful) Looking at sunflowers can make us 53 (feel)happy.Their bright yellow color reminds people 54 the sun.If you want to grow them,remember they love sunshine.With good care,you will be amazed by 55(they)beauty in summer. 【答案】46.an 47.moving 48.plants 49.bought 50.because 51.strongest 6 52.more beautiful 53.feel 54.of 55.their 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了向日葵，包括其向日特性、实用价 值、易种植且抗旱，以及能美化环境、带来愉悦感等特点。 【46题详解】 句意：一株年轻的向日葵有一种令人惊奇的能力一它的花盘每天会随着太阳从 天空的东边到西边转动。根据ability能力”，是可数名词单数，且此处表泛指可 知此处应用不定冠词，而amazing”是以元音音素开头，应用an修饰。故填an。 【47题详解】 句意：然而，当花因为结满种子而变得沉重时，它就停止移动，永远着东边。 move移动”，是动词，根据stop和语境可知stop doing sth.停止做某事”，符合 语境，所以此处应用其动名词形式，故填moving。 【48题详解】 句意：事实上，你知道它是世界上最有用的植物之一吗？plant植物”，是可数名 词，分析可知此处结构为one of+he+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为 c最...的...之一”，所以此处应用其复数形式。故填plants。 【49题详解】 句意：上个月，我从超市买了一些向日葵种子，它们真的很美味！by买，是 动词，根据Last month”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以此处应用其过去式 形式。故填bought。 【50题详解】 句意：对于农民来说，向日葵是一种好植物，因为它们生长得相当容易。根据℉r farmers,sunflowers are a good plant''和they grow quite easily.”可知，前后句是因果 关系，此处应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【51题详解】 句意：而且，在许多植物中，它们在对抗干旱天气方面是最强的。sog强壮的”， 形容词，根据he”以及“among many plants'可知，此处应用其最高级形式strongest。 故填strongest。. 【52题详解】 句意：它们确实是很棒的植物，让我们的世界更明亮、更美丽。beautiful美丽的”， 形容词，根据“and和brighter?可知，此处应用其比较级形式more beautiful与 brighter形成并列关系。故填more beautiful。 【53题详解】 句意：看着向日葵能让我们感到快乐。feel感觉”，是动词，根据make sb.do sth.使 某人做某事可知，此处应用其原形。故填feel。 【54题详解】 句意：它们明亮的黄色让人们想起太阳。根据eminds people'和hesn可知， 此处考查remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事”，固定搭配。故填of。 【55题详解】 句意：如果用心照料，在夏天你会对它们的美丽感到惊奇。hy它们”，是人称 代词，根据名词beauty可知，此处应用其形容词性物主代词their它们的作定 语。故填their。. 四.完形填空。 Last summer,my family and I went on a tip to a small town by the sea.I had always loved big cities,so I wasn't really 36 about this quiet place. The first day there,I felt a bit bored.The pace (of life in this town is 37.There were no tall buildings or noisy communities.Instead,there was just the endless blue sea and the sound of waves. On the second day,my father advised us to walk along the beach.At first,I didn't agree.38,when I walked on the soft sand,I started to notice the39 around me The sun was shining in a clear blue sky.I saw little crabs (moving into their holes.For the first time,I wasn't using my phone every minute.I was just 40 the moment. That afternoon,we explored the countryside by bike.We met a local fisherman and he told us stories about the sea.I found his stories 41.I was so happy to talk with him. By the end of the week,my 42 had changed.I didn't miss the city at all.I realized that this quiet holiday was what I needed.It taught me to slow down and enjoy the 43 beauty of nature.Ilearned that peace and happiness can be found in regular things.It was a holiday that helped me understand 44 a different way of life can be like.Sometimes,the best adventures aren't about how far you go,but about what you 45 along the way. 36.A.sad B.worried C.excited 37.A.slow B.fast C.special 38.A.However B.Because C.And 39.A.dangers B.beauties C.problems 40.A.forgetting B.enjoying C.planning 41.A.boring B.terrible C.interesting 42.A.body B.mind C.habit 43.A.true B.expensive C.modern 44.A.what B.why C.when 9 45.A.buy B.learn C.eat 【答案】36C 37.A38.A39.B 40.B41.C42.B 43 A 44.A 45.B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去年夏天和家人去海边度假的经历。 【36题详解】 句意：我一直喜欢大城市，所以我对这个安静的地方并不感到兴奋。 sad难过的；worried担忧的；excited兴奋的。根据I had always loved big cities 可知，我对这个安静的地方并不感到兴奋。故选C。 【37题详解】 句意：这个小镇的生活节奏很慢。 slow慢的；fast快的；special特别的。根据There were no tall buildings or noisy communities.可知，生活节奏很慢。故选A。 【38题详解】 句意：然而，当我走在柔软的沙滩上时，我开始注意到周围的美。 However然而：Because因为；And和.根据when I walked on the soft sand,I started to notice the..around me'xThe sun was shining in a clear blue sky.”可知，此处表示 转折，用however承接句子。故选A。 【39题详解】 句意：然而，当我走在柔软的沙滩上时，我开始注意到周围的美。 dangers危险；beauties美丽；problems问题。根据The sun was shining in a clear blue sky可知，我”开始注意到周围的美。故选B。 【40题详解】 10 句意：我只是在享受这一刻。 forgetting忘记；enjoying欣赏；planning计划。根据For the first time,I wasn't using my phone every minute..可知，我没有玩手机，而是享受这一刻。故选B。 【41题详解】 句意：我发现他的故事很有趣。 boring无聊的；terrible糟糕的；interesting有趣的。根据I was so happy to talk with him.可知，我发现故事很有趣。故选C。 【42题详解】 句意：到周末，我的想法改变了。 body身体；mind头脑，想法；habit习惯。根据I didn't miss the city at all.可知， 想法改变了。故选B。 【43题详解】 句意：它教会了我放慢脚步，享受大自然真正的美。 tue真正的；expensive昂贵的；modern现代的。根据The sun was shining in a clear blue sky.I saw little crabs(螃蟹)moving into their holes.可知，享受大自然真正的 美。故选A。 【44题详解】 句意：这是一个帮助我了解了一种不同的生活方式的假期。 what什么；why为什么；when什么时候。a different way of life can be like”后面 缺宾语，用wat引导宾语从句，表示生活可能的样子”。故选A。 【45题详解】 句意：有时候，最好的冒险不是你走了多远，而是你一路上学到了什么。 buy买；leam学习；eat吃。根据It was a holiday that helped me understand..a different way of life can be like.”可知，最好的冒险是你一路上学到了什么。故选B。 11 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法和写作讲解 语法：形容词和副词最高级 一、定义：形容词、副词的最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较；常用of/in来说明比较的范围；形容词和副词前要加定冠词the ，副词最高级前的the有时可省略。 二、形容词、副词最高级的构成： 规则变化： 1.一般情况下，直接在形容词或副词后 + est。 如：“tall”（高的）变为 “tallest”（最高的） ； “fast”（快地）变为 “fastest”（最快地）。 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的单词，直接 + st。 如：“nice”（好的）变为 “nicest”（最好的）； “ late”（晚的）变为 “ latest”（最晚的）。 3.以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i，再 + est。 如：“happy”（开心的）变为 “happiest”（最开心的）； “early”（早地）变为 “earliest”（最早地）。 4.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，再 + est。 如：“big”（大的）变为 “biggest”（最大的）； “hot”（热的）变为 “hottest”（最热的）。 5.部分双音节和多音节单词，在单词前 + most。 如：“beautiful”（美丽的）变为 “most beautiful”（最美丽的）； “carefully”（仔细地）变为 “most carefully”（最仔细地）。 不规则变化：有一些形容词和副词的最高级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。 如：“good /well”（好的 / 好地）的最高级是 “best”（最好的 / 最好地）。 “bad /badly”（坏的 / 坏地）的最高级是 “worst”（最坏的 / 最坏地）。 “many /much”（许多）的最高级是 “most”（最多的）。 “ little”（少的）的最高级是 “ least”（最少的）。 “far”（远的） 的最高级有 “farthest”（最远的，侧重于距离）和 “furthest” （最远的，可指距离、程度等）。 “old” 的最高级有 “oldest”（最年长的，指年龄大小）和 “eldest”（最年长的， 常用于表示家庭成员间的长幼顺序）。 【即学即用】写出下列单词的最高级形式 1. big→_________ 2. small →_________ 3. heavy →_________ 4.fine→_________ 5. cheap→_________ 6. happy →_________ 7.close→_________ 8. fresh→_________ 9.comfortable→_________ 10.creative→_________ 11. bad →_________ 12. carefully →_________ 13. good/well→________ 14.many/much→_______ 15. fat →_________ 三．形容词、副词最高级句型的用法： 1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of短语, 意为“……是……中最……的” 主语+实义动词（+ the）+副词最高级+in/of短语, 意为“……在……中最……” Eg. My mother is the busiest one in my family. 妈妈是我家最忙碌的人。 Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3. 在3班汤姆学习最努力。 2.“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语”，意为“...是...中最...的...之一” Eg. The High Speed Rail is one of the newest inventions in China. 高铁是中国最新的发明之一。 3.“疑问词+be+the+形容词最高级，A、B or C ?”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较 “疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+ the）+副词最高级，A、B or C ?” Eg.Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特和比尔，谁最高？ Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？ 4.“主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语”，意为“……在……中是第几……的……” Eg.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 【即学即用】最高级句型练习。 1. I think one of the __________ (easy)ways to make you strong is to exercise more. 2. Most of the students think Huang Bo is one of the____________(popular) movie stars in China now. 3. Who is the __________(thin), Amy, Alice or Ann? 4. This is the __________(nice) folding fan in the shop. 5. This is the __________ (good) way to protect wild animals. 6. Among all the players, Tom plays __________(badly). 7. It is one of the __________ (amazing) plants in nature. 8. The Changjiang River is the __________ (long) river in China, and it is the __________ (three) __________ (long) river in the world. 9. Which runs the _____________(carefully), the bus, the train or the plane? 10. This is the_____________ (beautiful) painting that I have ever seen. 11. We need the __________ (far) information to protect these plants. 课后练习 1． 单句语法填空。 1. Bamboo is one of the __________(fine) growing plants in nature. 2. Of all sea animals, the blue whale has the __________ (big) body on earth. 3. Which flower is the __________ (thin), the rose, the lily or the peony? 4. The rainforest has the__________ (many) kinds of wildlife in the world. 5. That redwood tree is the __________ (huge) plant that people have ever found. 6. Of all the volunteers, Tina watches over wild animals the___________(carefully). 7. This is the __________ (badly) living environment for frogs among the three places. 8. Fishing is one of _________________(popular) activities among the middle-aged men like my uncles. 9. Amy has read many history books, so she learns history __________ (well) of all the subjects. 10. Of the three pens, the boy chose the__________ (expensive) one. 11. Staying with family and friends is one of __________ (happy) things in the world. 12. —Did Cindy win the first prize in the long jump? —Yes. She jumped __________ (far) of all the players. 13. Yangtze River is the third __________ (long) river in the world. It runs across China from the west to the east. 2． 完成句子。 1. 在所有学科中，我认为英语是最有用的。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是我听过的最令人感动的故事。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 在这三种树木当中，哪一种需要最少的水分？ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. 在所有志愿者中，她最认真地观察昆虫的活动。 _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 长沙是中国最受欢迎的城市之一。 _____________________________________________________________________6. 采取行动是保护野生动物最好的方式。 _____________________________________________________________________ 7. 读书是帮助我们开阔眼界最有用的爱好之一。 _____________________________________________________________________ 8. 游泳在所有课外活动中是第二受欢迎的运动。 _____________________________________________________________________ 9. 去海边旅行对我来说是最难忘的经历。 _____________________________________________________________________ 10. 这家电影院有最舒服的座位和最友好的服务。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3． 语法填空。（2025长郡期中考） Sunflowers are beautiful and useful plants that people all over the world enjoy. They can grow very tall, sometimes over three meters. A young sunflower has ___46___ amazing ability—its flower face follows the sun across the sky from east to west each day. This movement is called heliotropism (向日性). It helps the young plant get as much sunlight as possible. However, when the flower becomes heavy with seeds (种子), it stops ___47___ (move) and stays facing east forever. The sunflower is not only pretty but also important. In fact, do you know it’s one of the most useful ___48___ (plant) in the world? For example, we can eat their seeds as a healthy snack. Besides being a great snack, we can also make cooking oil from them. Last month, I ___49___ (buy) some sunflower seeds from the supermarket, and they were really delicious! For farmers, sunflowers are a good plant ___50___ they grow quite easily. What’s more, they are the ___51___ (strong) in fighting dry weather among many plants. These happy-looking flowers bring color to our gardens and food to our tables. That’s why sunflowers are so popular in many countries. They are truly wonderful plants that make our world brighter and ___52___ (beautiful). Looking at sunflowers can make us ___53___ (feel) happy. Their bright yellow color reminds people ___54___ the sun. If you want to grow them, remember they love sunshine. With good care, you will be amazed by ___55___ (they) beauty in summer. 四．完形填空。 Last summer, my family and I went on a trip to a small town by the sea. I had always loved big cities, so I wasn’t really ___36___ about this quiet place. The first day there, I felt a bit bored. The pace (节奏) of life in this town is ___37___. There were no tall buildings or noisy communities. Instead, there was just the endless blue sea and the sound of waves. On the second day, my father advised us to walk along the beach. At first, I didn’t agree. ___38___, when I walked on the soft sand, I started to notice the ___39___ around me. The sun was shining in a clear blue sky. I saw little crabs (螃蟹) moving into their holes. For the first time, I wasn’t using my phone every minute. I was just ___40___ the moment. That afternoon, we explored the countryside by bike. We met a local fisherman and he told us stories about the sea. I found his stories ___41___. I was so happy to talk with him. By the end of the week, my ___42___ had changed. I didn’t miss the city at all. I realized that this quiet holiday was what I needed. It taught me to slow down and enjoy the ___43___ beauty of nature. I learned that peace and happiness can be found in regular things. It was a holiday that helped me understand ___44___ a different way of life can be like. Sometimes, the best adventures (冒险) aren’t about how far you go, but about what you ___45___ along the way. 36. A. sad B. worried C. excited 37. A. slow B. fast C. special 38. A. However B. Because C. And 39. A. dangers B. beauties C. problems 40. A. forgetting B. enjoying C. planning 41. A. boring B. terrible C. interesting 42. A. body B. mind C. habit 43. A. true B. expensive C. modern 44. A. what B. why C. when 45. A. buy B. learn C. eat 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $