山东九五联盟2026-2027学年上学期高三年级9月学习质量综合评估英语试卷讲解课件

山东九五联盟高三年级9月学习质量综合评估英语 阅读理解 A Hilltop Urban Farm is a nonprofit, community-centered farm in Pittsburgh. It grows food, supports farm-based education and offers opportunities for people to help build a stronger local food community. The farm is very active during the growing season, with farmers, youth, volunteers and employees on site. However, it is not open to the public without a prearranged tour or scheduled event. Open Volunteer Saturdays The farm invites volunteers to join its monthly Open Volunteer Saturdays, held on the third Saturday of the month from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. No farming experience is necessary. Volunteers may come for a one-time project or return for more regular work. Tasks vary with the season and may include planting, harvesting, mulching, infrastructure projects or other farm improvements. Registration is appreciated but not required, and drop-ins are welcome. Group Volunteer Opportunities Planning for a team? The farm arranges customized group volunteer days for schools, organizations and community groups. Groups may range from 5 to 150 participants. These group days are usually held on weekdays and last three to four hours. They are meant to build teamwork while making a practical contribution to the farm. To request one, share your preferred dates, estimated group size and any additional details through the online form. The Volunteer Manager will follow up with the next steps. Farm Tours Visitors who want to learn about the farm without joining volunteer work may request a tour. The farm welcomes individuals, university classes and large organizations. After a tour request form is submitted, a staff member will contact you within three to five business days. Regular public tours are also held during monthly volunteer events, usually from 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Special group tours can be arranged by contacting the farm in advance. 1. What is needed to take part in an Open Volunteer Saturday? A. Previous farming experience. B. Online registration in advance. C. Regular monthly participation. D. Attendance on the specified date. 2. What is special about group volunteer days? A. They accept groups of any size. B. They are limited to school groups. C. They are tailored to different teams. D. They are approved upon submission. 3. What can be inferred about visiting the farm? A. Visitors can tour the farm within five days. B. The farm favors local educational institutions. C. Public tours involve visitors in volunteer work. D. Non-volunteers may visit by prior arrangement. B “You’re holding the guitar wrong.” That was the first thing Fabián Carrera said in my first classical guitar lesson. I had not yet played a note. He lifted the neck of his own guitar, set my left foot on a small stool, and straightened my wrist. The adjustments looked slight, but suddenly the instrument rested against me instead of fighting me. Carrera began with “Happy Birthday.” I could copy the tune, so I relaxed. Then he played it again, letting his thumb carry one line while the fingers added another. Next came single notes, then chords that seemed to hide the melody(旋律)inside them. Within minutes the song I thought I knew had become a room with several doors, and I was lost at the entrance. I had come partly because I was tired of quick answers. As an English teacher, I had found the ease of AI had devalued language and the difficult work, perseverance, and focus needed to make meaning out of words. My students could produce answers faster than ever, yet I wondered whether they still knew what it felt like to stay with something difficult until it began to speak back. The guitar, with its hollow wooden body and unforgiving strings, offered no shortcut. When I later asked to learn “Asturias,” a Spanish piece I loved, Carrera laughed softly. Learning music, he said, was like preparing Thanksgiving dinner. Some dishes could be finished early and kept warm; others needed hours in the oven. “‘Asturias’ is the turkey,” he said. “We can begin now, but we won’t eat it today.” So I practiced. Carrera asked me to keep a log(日志), not because minutes mattered by themselves, but because attention needed evidence. Slowly, a clean note led to a phrase; a phrase began to carry feeling. “You’re building a castle,” Carrera told me. “Every hour you practice is another brick.” Back in my classroom, I stopped praising speed so easily. I asked students to reread, to cross out, to begin again. The guitar had taught me that learning is not the quick arrival at an answer. It is the slow shaping of a person who can hear more than before. 4. Why did the familiar tune leave the author “lost at the entrance”? A. The tune was played too fast. B. His new position bothered him. C. The song proved more complex. D. Several songs were mixed together. 5. What led the author to guitar lessons? A. A move into guitar teaching. B. The pull of effortful learning. C. A break from classroom work. D. The appeal of AI-made music. 6. Which description best fits “Asturias” in Carrera’s eyes? A. Simple and familiar. B. Discouraging but melodious. C. Festive and straightforward. D. Time-consuming but worthwhile. 7. How did the guitar lessons change the author’s classroom? A. He treated answers as the goal. B. He replaced reading with music. C. He valued process over product. D. He kept practicing logs for students. C When biologist Keng-Lou James Hung visited a coastal habitat in San Diego, he expected to find a diverse bee community. The area looked healthy and nearly untouched. Yet almost every bee he saw was a western honey bee. This surprised him because the western honey bee is not native to California. Hung and his team counted bees visiting flowers and tracked how quickly pollen(花粉)disappeared. Their study, published in Insect Conservation and Diversity, found that wild western honey bees accounted for about 98% of the total bee biomass(生物量) in the area. By the end of a flower’s first day, roughly 80% of the available pollen had been removed. Why were wild western honey bees so successful? These honey bees live in colonies with thousands of workers and can tell one another where food is. Most native bees, by contrast, live and search for food alone. “It’s like a local grocery store trying to compete against Walmart,” Hung said. Pollen is essential food for young bees. If one species reaches flowers early and takes most of it, some native females may struggle to raise their young. Still, Hung is not calling for an end to beekeeping. Managed western honey bees are important to agriculture, especially when huge numbers are needed to pollinate crops such as California almonds. The problem depends on place. In Europe, western honey bees are native. In California’s natural areas, however, large wild populations may compete with more than 700 native bee species for limited food. Once wild colonies spread, controlling them is difficult. “Context is king,” Hung said. Putting more hives (蜂巢) on farms may support food production. Adding them to protected habitats could have a different result. For people hoping to help bees, simply counting bees is not enough. They also need to ask which species are present, how many of each there are, and whether flowers can feed them all. 8. What surprised Hung about the area? A. A rich diversity of bees. B. Undisturbed bee habitat. C. Sudden pollen disappearance. D. Western honey bee dominance. 9. What makes western honey bees similar to Walmart? A. Their effective team cooperation. B. Their strong internal competition. C. Their exceptional individual ability. D. Their reliance on government support. 10. Which saying best reflects Hung’s view in the last paragraph? A. Only the strong survive. B. One size does not fit all. C. Nature always finds a way. D. Many hands make light work. 11. Which is the best title for the text? A. Honey Bees: Helpers on the Farm, Rivals in the Wild B. Honey Bees: Essential Partners in California Farming C. Bee Conservation: Adding Hives to Protected Habitats D. Bee Conservation: The More Bees, the Better for Nature D Taking vitamins and minerals every day has already been shown to slow memory loss in people over 60. Now, it appears such supplements could slow ageing more generally. But this finding relied on an indirect measure of ageing, so it isn’t certain what this means in terms of health benefits. We aren’t yet at a point where it could be recommended that all older adults take vitamins, says Howard Sesso at Harvard University. That said, there may at least be small benefits with very little risk. “There have been no deleterious effects of a daily multivitamin that we’ve identified so far,” he said. To learn more about the potential benefits of multivitamin and mineral supplements, Sesso and his colleagues randomly divided 1,000 participants, with an average age of 70, into two groups: one group took the supplement, and the other took a placebo(安慰剂). “This was a very rigorous(严谨的)randomized-controlled trial: double-blind, placebo-controlled,” says Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles. “That alone sets it apart from most of the supplement literature, which relies on observational data full of other influencing factors.” Some blood was taken from the participants at the start of the study, after one year and after two years. The DNA of immune cells in their blood was then analysed to look for the presence or absence of epigenetic(表观遗传的)markers at specific sites in the genes. The patterns of epigenetic markers change in a predictable way as people age, allowing researchers to roughly estimate how old they are from blood tests. Sesso’s team used five epigenetic clocks, which all suggested that the people taking multivitamins aged more slowly than those on placebo. “I should note, however, that the effect sizes are modest,” says Horvath, who develops epigenetic clocks. “This is not a fountain of youth.” The researchers claim that the slowing of epigenetic clocks they found is equal to about four months over the two-year study period, but this may be misleading. One of the many issues with epigenetic clocks is that their estimates of how a slowing of the same degree translates into normal time vary widely between them, says Daniel Belsky at Columbia University in New York. 12. What does the underlined word “deleterious” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beneficial. B. Harmful. C. Expected. D. Obvious. 13. What does Horvath stress in paragraph 3 regarding the study? A. The diversity of experimental samples. B. The significance of observational data. C. The possible benefits of multivitamins. D. The strictness of experimental procedures. 14. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Blood tests can predict how long people live. B. Epigenetic changes are similar in the two groups. C. Multivitamins have limited effect on slowing ageing. D. Epigenetic markers can check people’s immune system. 15. What does Daniel Belsky think of epigenetic clocks? A. Easy to handle. B. Subject to bias. C. Different in size. D. Error-free for researchers. 七选五 How the Sunk Cost Fallacy (谬论) Can Drive Bad Decisions Imagine driving to a park, only to find that the weather has turned cold and rainy. You no longer expect to enjoy the hike, yet you set off because so much time has already been spent getting there. ____16____ Researchers call this the “sunk cost fallacy” — our tendency to hold on to past investments even when giving them up would be the better move. Why are people so reluctant to stop? The bias relates to our fear of loss. We dislike the thought of waste. ____17____ Humans also want to appear consistent, and changing course may seem like admitting a mistake. Psychologist Veronika Tait studied this tendency in more than 100 people. They considered situations such as investing time and effort in one sport, then realizing they preferred another. ____18____ Past costs cannot be recovered, but future losses can still be avoided. ____19____ A therapist, for example, might ask clients to name what they lose by remaining stuck — sleep, money, or peace of mind. You can then ask yourself: “Would I still make this choice if I had never made that investment?” Perseverance is often seen as strength and changing one’s mind as weakness. Yet updating our beliefs requires intellectual humility (谦逊). ____20____ Focus on what will be best moving forward. A. Letting go begins with an open mind. B. So consider what continuing may cost. C. Quitting can make earlier efforts feel wasted. D. That is why consistency usually leads to better decisions. E. This decision is driven by past investment, not future benefit. F. With enough patience, a failed investment may still be recovered. G. Participants who sacrificed more tended to stay with their original choice. 完形填空 81-year-old Kathryn Mount has long been an adventurous person, determined to keep her brave spirit___21___in old age. Unlike most people who celebrate birthdays with cakes and gifts, she wants to___22___that people who love exciting experiences can be of any age. She has set a special___23___: to go skydiving at least once with every one of her grandchildren. Recently, she jumped from a plane over Wollongong to celebrate her grandson Bear’s 18th birthday, moving one step closer to her___24___. Back in 2018, she took her granddaughter Ziggy skydiving, but Bear, then___25___10, was too young to join. So___26___was he that his grandma planned this special surprise for his coming-of-age day. The jump was once___27___due to bad weather. Later, the pair leaped from 15,000 feet, falling freely for a full minute. Neither of them felt___28___; instead, they were totally excited. Her skydiving teacher spoke___29___of her performance, and Bear said it was his most unforgettable birthday. He never___30___his grandma would be brave enough to join him, yet she did it. The experience taught him a valuable lesson about___31___and love. Now Kathryn is preparing for her next skydiving___32___with the rest of her grandchildren, hoping to break the company’s ___33___ set by a 99-year-old one day. Most people find the idea___34___when they first hear it, but she never doubts herself. “Age is just a number, not a(n)___35___to stop chasing joy,” she says. 21. A. alive B. safe C. stable D. awake 22. A. mirror B. motivate C. perceive D. prove 23. A. example B. standard C. goal D. rule 24. A. dream B. right C. reward D. freedom 25. A. only B. still C. even D. indeed 26. A. worried B. embarrassed C. relieved D. disappointed 27. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down 28. A. calm B. relaxed C. nervous D. pleased 29. A. badly B. highly C. publicly D. officially 30. A. admitted B. estimated C. doubted D. imagined 31. A. honesty B. patience C. courage D. loyalty 32. A. hobbies B. trips C. experiments D. lessons 33. A. scene B. record C. promise D. limit 34. A. ordinary B. reasonable C. boring D. crazy 35. A. comment B. excuse C. choice D. opportunity 语法填空 The supermarket chain Pangdonglai, based in Henan province, has become a model in the retail (零售) industry for its emphasis on service, employee welfare and customer experience. Compared with many traditional retailers, it attaches ____36____ (great) importance to meeting customers’ real needs and provides more thoughtful services ____37____ (create) a pleasant shopping environment. Officials have cited Pangdonglai ____38____ a typical case to demonstrate how good service helps boost consumer confidence. The company ____39____ (attract) more than one million visitors from across the country in the first half of 2026 and gained wide ____40____ (recognize) through good quality and service. Industry experts point out that the real purpose of business is not to make money, but to provide well-being for people. Pangdonglai has advocated sharing business ____41____ (gain) with workers, arguing that improving employees’ well-being can ultimately strengthen a company’s competitiveness. The company provides frontline employees with ____42____ average monthly take-home pay of about 9,400 yuan. Management staff generally enjoy complete two-day weekends, ____43____ frontline workers typically work shorter shifts and receive extensive paid-leave benefits, a welfare policy ____44____ (benefit) many ordinary staff members who stick to their posts. The retailer has also introduced a special prize system that offers rewards to employees ____45____ (treat) unfairly by customers. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英国友好学校的师生下周将到访交流，届时将组织礼物交换活动。请你为交换伙伴Jason准备一份具有中国特色的礼物并写一张英文卡片，内容包括：1．礼物介绍；2．选择该礼物的理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jason, Welcome to our school! For the gift exchange, I’ve picked a special Chinese gift for you. 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One late March morning, Cal, a store worker, planned a fishing trip to the Elk River. Strong rain had caused the river to fill up, its current becoming fast and powerful. He forgot to bring the parts to keep his 10-foot kayak (皮艇) balanced, but thought it would be fine. Tall and heavy, Cal eased into the boat, started the motor, and headed across. Midway, rough waves overturned the kayak. One moment he was upright; the next, he was in the icy water, struggling to breathe. His life belt rode up around his throat, choking him. Heavy boots dragged him down. The fast current swept him farther from the boat, and there was no way to reach the bank. Just then, he spotted a thick branch hanging low over the water from a partially underwater tree. Reaching out with all his might, he grabbed it. The tree was firmly rooted — solid and steady, holding him against the current. Numb (麻木的) fingers found the whistle (口哨) on his fishing coat. He blew it with his last strength, praying someone would hear. The icy water was numbing his fingers, and his legs had given out. All he could think of was his wife Maria and their daughter Della. That morning, Johnny, a former soldier and lifeguard, had driven to the river with his four kids. He often kept a thick rope in his car trunk for outdoor activities. He parked on the bank nearby. As he stepped out, sharp whistles cut through the air. Running toward the sound, he shouted, “Hello? Are you okay?” A weak, trembling voice came back: “Not… good.” A warning bell went off in his mind — someone was in trouble. He sprinted (冲刺) to his car, grabbed the thick rope, and ran toward the voice. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. ___________________________ Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. _________________________________ 第4页/共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $阅读理解A Hilltop Urban Farm is a nonprofit, community-centered farm in Pittsburgh. It grows food, supports farm-based education and offers opportunities for people to help build a stronger local food community. The farm is very active during the growing season, with farmers, youth, volunteers and employees on site. However, it is not open to the public without a prearranged tour or scheduled event. Open Volunteer Saturdays The farm invites volunteers to join its monthly Open Volunteer Saturdays, held on the third Saturday of the month from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. No farming experience is necessary. Volunteers may come for a one-time project or return for more regular work. Tasks vary with the season and may include planting, harvesting, mulching, infrastructure projects or other farm improvements. Registration is appreciated but not required, and drop-ins are welcome. 1. What is needed to take part in an Open Volunteer Saturday? A. Previous farming experience. B. Online registration in advance. C. Regular monthly participation. D. Attendance on the specified date. ✓ Group Volunteer Opportunities Planning for a team? The farm arranges customized group volunteer days for schools, organizations and community groups. Groups may range from 5 to 150 participants. These group days are usually held on weekdays and last three to four hours. They are meant to build teamwork while making a practical contribution to the farm. To request one, share your preferred dates, estimated group size and any additional details through the online form. The Volunteer Manager will follow up with the next steps. 2. What is special about group volunteer days? A. They accept groups of any size. B. They are limited to school groups. C. They are tailored to different teams. D. They are approved upon submission. ✓ Farm Tours Visitors who want to learn about the farm without joining volunteer work may request a tour. The farm welcomes individuals, university classes and large organizations. After a tour request form is submitted, a staff member will contact you within three to five business days. Regular public tours are also held during monthly volunteer events, usually from 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Special group tours can be arranged by contacting the farm in advance. 3. What can be inferred about visiting the farm? A. Visitors can tour the farm within five days. B. The farm favors local educational institutions. C. Public tours involve visitors in volunteer work. D. Non-volunteers may visit by prior arrangement. ✓ 阅读理解B “You’re holding the guitar wrong.” That was the first thing Fabián Carrera said in my first classical guitar lesson. I had not yet played a note. He lifted the neck of his own guitar, set my left foot on a small stool, and straightened my wrist. The adjustments looked slight, but suddenly the instrument rested against me instead of fighting me. (第一段) Carrera began with “Happy Birthday.” I could copy the tune, so I relaxed. Then he played it again, letting his thumb carry one line while the fingers added another. Next came single notes, then chords that seemed to hide the melody(旋律)inside them. Within minutes the song I thought I knew had become a room with several doors, and I was lost at the entrance. 4. Why did the familiar tune leave the author “lost at the entrance”? A. The tune was played too fast. B. His new position bothered him. C. The song proved more complex. D. Several songs were mixed together. ✓ I had come partly because I was tired of quick answers. As an English teacher, I had found the ease of AI had devalued language and the difficult work, perseverance, and focus needed to make meaning out of words. My students could produce answers faster than ever, yet I wondered whether they still knew what it felt like to stay with something difficult until it began to speak back. The guitar, with its hollow wooden body and unforgiving strings, offered no shortcut. (第三段) 5. What led the author to guitar lessons? A. A move into guitar teaching. B. The pull of effortful learning. C. A break from classroom work. D. The appeal of AI-made music. ✓ When I later asked to learn “Asturias,” a Spanish piece I loved, Carrera laughed softly. Learning music, he said, was like preparing Thanksgiving dinner. Some dishes could be finished early and kept warm; others needed hours in the oven. “‘Asturias’ is the turkey,” he said. “We can begin now, but we won’t eat it today.” (第四段) 6. Which description best fits “Asturias” in Carrera’s eyes? A. Simple and familiar. B. Discouraging but melodious. C. Festive and straightforward.D. Time-consuming but worthwhile. ✓ So I practiced. Carrera asked me to keep a log(日志), not because minutes mattered by themselves, but because attention needed evidence. Slowly, a clean note led to a phrase; a phrase began to carry feeling. “You’re building a castle,” Carrera told me. “Every hour you practice is another brick.” Back in my classroom, I stopped praising speed so easily. I asked students to reread, to cross out, to begin again. The guitar had taught me that learning is not the quick arrival at an answer. It is the slow shaping of a person who can hear more than before.(最后一段) 7. How did the guitar lessons change the author’s classroom? A. He treated answers as the goal. B. He replaced reading with music. C. He valued process over product. D. He kept practicing logs for students. ✓ 阅读理解C When biologist Keng-Lou James Hung visited a coastal habitat in San Diego, he expected to find a diverse bee community. The area looked healthy and nearly untouched. Yet almost every bee he saw was a western honey bee. This surprised him because the western honey bee is not native to California. Hung and his team counted bees visiting flowers and tracked how quickly pollen(花粉)disappeared. Their study, published in Insect Conservation and Diversity, found that wild western honey bees accounted for about 98% of the total bee biomass(生物量) in the area. By the end of a flower’s first day, roughly 80% of the available pollen had been removed. (第二段) 8. What surprised Hung about the area? A. A rich diversity of bees. B. Undisturbed bee habitat. C. Sudden pollen disappearance. D. Western honey bee dominance. ✓ Why were wild western honey bees so successful? These honey bees live in colonies with thousands of workers and can tell one another where food is. Most native bees, by contrast, live and search for food alone. “It’s like a local grocery store trying to compete against Walmart,” Hung said. Pollen is essential food for young bees. If one species reaches flowers early and takes most of it, some native females may struggle to raise their young. (第三段) 9. What makes western honey bees similar to Walmart? A. Their effective team cooperation. B. Their strong internal competition. C. Their exceptional individual ability. D. Their reliance on government support. ✓ Still, Hung is not calling for an end to beekeeping. Managed western honey bees are important to agriculture, especially when huge numbers are needed to pollinate crops such as California almonds. The problem depends on place. In Europe, western honey bees are native. In California’s natural areas, however, large wild populations may compete with more than 700 native bee species for limited food. Once wild colonies spread, controlling them is difficult. (第四段) “Context is king,” Hung said. Putting more hives(蜂巢)on farms may support food production. Adding them to protected habitats could have a different result. For people hoping to help bees, simply counting bees is not enough. They also need to ask which species are present, how many of each there are, and whether flowers can feed them all. (最后一段) 10. Which saying best reflects Hung’s view in the last paragraph? A. Only the strong survive. B. One size does not fit all. C. Nature always finds a way. D. Many hands make light work. ✓ 11. Which is the best title for the text? A. Honey Bees: Helpers on the Farm, Rivals in the Wild B. Honey Bees: Essential Partners in California Farming C. Bee Conservation: Adding Hives to Protected Habitats D. Bee Conservation: The More Bees, the Better for Nature ✓ 阅读理解D Taking vitamins and minerals every day has already been shown to slow memory loss in people over 60. Now, it appears such supplements could slow ageing more generally. But this finding relied on an indirect measure of ageing, so it isn’t certain what this means in terms of health benefits. We aren’t yet at a point where it could be recommended that all older adults take vitamins, says Howard Sesso at Harvard University. That said, there may at least be small benefits with very little risk. “There have been no deleterious effects of a daily multivitamin that we’ve identified so far,” he said. (第二段) 12. What does the underlined word “deleterious” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beneficial. B. Harmful. C. Expected. D. Obvious. ✓ To learn more about the potential benefits of multivitamin and mineral supplements, Sesso and his colleagues randomly divided 1,000 participants, with an average age of 70, into two groups: one group took the supplement, and the other took a placebo(安慰剂). “This was a very rigorous(严谨的)randomized-controlled trial: double-blind, placebo-controlled,” says Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles. “That alone sets it apart from most of the supplement literature, which relies on observational data full of other influencing factors.” (第三段) 13. What does Horvath stress in paragraph 3 regarding the study? A. The diversity of experimental samples. B. The significance of observational data. C. The possible benefits of multivitamins. D. The strictness of experimental procedures. ✓ （某领域的）研究文献，资料 Some blood was taken from the participants at the start of the study, after one year and after two years. The DNA of immune cells in their blood was then analysed to look for the presence or absence of epigenetic(表观遗传的)markers at specific sites in the genes. The patterns of epigenetic markers change in a predictable way as people age, allowing researchers to roughly estimate how old they are from blood tests. Sesso’s team used five epigenetic clocks, which all suggested that the people taking multivitamins aged more slowly than those on placebo. “I should note, however, that the effect sizes are modest,” says Horvath, who develops epigenetic clocks. “This is not a fountain of youth.” (第四段) 14. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Blood tests can predict how long people live. B. Epigenetic changes are similar in the two groups. C. Multivitamins have limited effect on slowing ageing. D. Epigenetic markers can check people’s immune system. ✓ （数量、程度、规模）不大的，有限的，适度的 The researchers claim that the slowing of epigenetic clocks they found is equal to about four months over the two-year study period, but this may be misleading. One of the many issues with epigenetic clocks is that their estimates of how a slowing of the same degree translates into normal time vary widely between them, says Daniel Belsky at Columbia University in New York. (最后一段) 15. What does Daniel Belsky think of epigenetic clocks? A. Easy to handle. B. Subject to bias. C. Different in size. D. Error-free for researchers ✓ 七选五 A. Letting go begins with an open mind. B. So consider what continuing may cost. C. Quitting can make earlier efforts feel wasted. D. That is why consistency usually leads to better decisions. E. This decision is driven by past investment, not future benefit. F. With enough patience, a failed investment may still be recovered. G. Participants who sacrificed more tended to stay with their original choice. How the Sunk Cost Fallacy(谬论)Can Drive Bad Decisions Imagine driving to a park, only to find that the weather has turned cold and rainy. You no longer expect to enjoy the hike, yet you set off because so much time has already been spent getting there. __16__Researchers call this the “sunk cost fallacy”—our tendency to hold on to past investments even when giving them up would be the better move. Why are people so reluctant to stop? The bias relates to our fear of loss. We dislike the thought of waste. __17__Humans also want to appear consistent, and changing course may seem like admitting a mistake. E C A. Letting go begins with an open mind. B. So consider what continuing may cost. C. Quitting can make earlier efforts feel wasted. D. That is why consistency usually leads to better decisions. E. This decision is driven by past investment, not future benefit. F. With enough patience, a failed investment may still be recovered. G. Participants who sacrificed more tended to stay with their original choice. Psychologist Veronika Tait studied this tendency in more than 100 people. They considered situations such as investing time and effort in one sport, then realizing they preferred another. __18__ Past costs cannot be recovered, but future losses can still be avoided. __19__ A therapist, for example, might ask clients to name what they lose by remaining stuck—sleep, money, or peace of mind. You can then ask yourself: “Would I still make this choice if I had never made that investment?” G B A. Letting go begins with an open mind. B. So consider what continuing may cost. C. Quitting can make earlier efforts feel wasted. D. That is why consistency usually leads to better decisions. E. This decision is driven by past investment, not future benefit. F. With enough patience, a failed investment may still be recovered. G. Participants who sacrificed more tended to stay with their original choice. Perseverance is often seen as strength and changing one’s mind as weakness. Yet updating our beliefs requires intellectual humility(谦逊). __20__ Focus on what will be best moving forward. A 完形填空 81-year-old Kathryn Mount has long been an adventurous person, determined to keep her brave spirit__21__in old age. Unlike most people who celebrate birthdays with cakes and gifts, she wants to__22__that people who love exciting experiences can be of any age. She has set a special__23__: to go skydiving at least once with every one of her grandchildren. 21. A. alive B. safe C. stable D. awake 22. A. mirror B. motivate C. perceive D. prove 23. A. example B. standard C. goal D. rule √ √ √ Recently, she jumped from a plane over Wollongong to celebrate her grandson Bear’s 18th birthday, moving one step closer to her__24__. Back in 2018, she took her granddaughter Ziggy skydiving, but Bear, then__25__10, was too young to join. So__26__was he that his grandma planned this special surprise for his coming-of-age day. 24. A. dream B. right C. reward D. freedom 25. A. only B. still C. even D. indeed 26. A. worried B. embarrassed C. relieved D. disappointed √ √ √ The jump was once__27__due to bad weather. Later, the pair leaped from 15,000 feet, falling freely for a full minute. Neither of them felt__28__; instead, they were totally excited. Her skydiving teacher spoke__29__of her performance, and Bear said it was his most unforgettable birthday. He never__30__his grandma would be brave enough to join him, yet she did it. The experience taught him a valuable lesson about__31__and love. 27. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down 28. A. calm B. relaxed C. nervous D. pleased 29. A. badly B. highly C. publicly D. officially 30. A. admitted B. estimated C. doubted D. imagined 31. A. honesty B. patience C. courage D. loyalty √ √ √ √ √ Now Kathryn is preparing for her next skydiving__32__with the rest of her grandchildren, hoping to break the company’s__33__set by a 99-year-old one day. Most people find the idea__34__when they first hear it, but she never doubts herself. “Age is just a number, not a(n)__35__to stop chasing joy,” she says. 32. A. hobbies B. trips C. experiments D. lessons 33. A. scene B. record C. promise D. limit 34. A. ordinary B. reasonable C. boring D. crazy 35. A. comment B. excuse C. choice D. opportunity √ √ √ √ 语法填空 The supermarket chain Pangdonglai, based in Henan province, has become a model in the retail industry for its emphasis on service, employee welfare and customer experience. Compared with many traditional retailers, it attaches___36___(great) importance to meeting customers’ real needs and provides more thoughtful services___37___(create) a pleasant shopping environment. Officials have cited Pangdonglai___38___a typical case to demonstrate how good service helps boost consumer confidence. The company___39___(attract) more than one million visitors from across the country in the first half of 2026 and gained wide ____40____(recognize) through good quality and service. Industry experts point out that the real purpose of business is not to make money, but to provide well-being for people. 36. greater37. to create38. as39. attracted40. recognition Pangdonglai has advocated sharing business____41____(gain) with workers, arguing that improving employees’ well-being can ultimately strengthen a company’s competitiveness. The company provides frontline employees with____42____average monthly take-home pay of about 9,400 yuan. Management staff generally enjoy complete two-day weekends, ____43____frontline workers typically work shorter shifts and receive extensive paid-leave benefits, a welfare policy____44____(benefit) many ordinary staff members who stick to their posts. The retailer has also introduced a special prize system that offers rewards to employees ____45____(treat) unfairly by customers. 41. gains42. an43. while/and44. benefiting45. treated 应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英国友好学校的师生下周将到访交流，届时将组织礼物交换活动。请你为交换伙伴Jason准备一份具有中国特色的礼物并写一张英文卡片，内容包括：1．礼物介绍；2．选择该礼物的理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Welcome to our school! For the gift exchange, I’ve picked a special Chinese gift for you. It is a hand-painted folding fan, on which I have depicted a classic landscape with misty mountains and flowing streams. Not only does it embody Chinese aesthetics, but it also serves practical purposes—cooling you in summer heat and adding charm to your space. What makes it truly meaningful is that every stroke conveys my sincere wishes for our friendship. I chose this gift because it bridges art and daily life, just as our exchange connects two cultures. I hope this little creation brings you joy and a deeper appreciation of the culture it represents. 续写 One late March morning, Cal, a store worker, planned a fishing trip to the Elk River. Strong rain had caused the river to fill up, its current becoming fast and powerful. He forgot to bring the parts to keep his 10-foot kayak(皮艇)balanced, but thought it would be fine. Tall and heavy, Cal eased into the boat, started the motor, and headed across. Midway, rough waves overturned the kayak. One moment he was upright; the next, he was in the icy water, struggling to breathe. His life belt rode up around his throat, choking him. Heavy boots dragged him down. The fast current swept him farther from the boat, and there was no way to reach the bank. Just then, he spotted a thick branch hanging low over the water from a partially underwater tree. Reaching out with all his might, he grabbed it. The tree was firmly rooted — solid and steady, holding him against the current. Numb fingers found the whistle on his fishing coat. He blew it with his last strength, praying someone would hear. The icy water was numbing his fingers, and his legs had given out. All he could think of was his wife Maria and their daughter Della. That morning, Johnny, a former soldier and lifeguard, had driven to the river with his four kids. He often kept a thick rope in his car trunk for outdoor activities. He parked on the bank nearby. As he stepped out, sharp whistles cut through the air. Running toward the sound, he shouted, “Hello? Are you okay?” A weak, trembling voice came back: “Not… good.” A warning bell went off in his mind — someone was in trouble. He sprinted (冲刺) to his car, grabbed the thick rope, and ran toward the voice. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. __________ Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. ________ On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. Then he swung the rope over the low branch, and dropped it exactly beside Cal’s shoulder. “Pull it under your arms and hold tight!” he yelled. Cal reached out his cold hand for the rope. He failed to catch it at first, but he tried once more and got it. Quickly he secured it under his arms. Johnny planted his feet firmly against a large rock, leaned back with his full weight, and pulled hard. The rope bit into his palms, but he kept pulling, feeling the current yield inch by inch. Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. He wrapped his coat around Cal. His daughter ran up with a towel. Cal coughed, tears mixing with water. “My family…” he murmured weakly. Johnny gripped his arm firmly and said, “Stay awake for them.” Minutes later, the alarm bell echoed. Medical workers arrived. They checked Cal. As they helped him into the ambulance, he turned to Johnny, voice weak but clear. “I can’t thank you enough. You saved my life.” Johnny gave a nod. “Glad you’re okay. Go home to your family. That’s all that matters.” $