Unit 5 Into the Wild 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 5 Into the Wild 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants can bear seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants don’t grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are very, very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants. 1．The main idea of the passage is that ________. A．plants are important for life B．plants cannot grow without air C．there are many plants around us D．we cannot live without water 2．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Plants can be divided into two main types: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. B．All fruits have seeds in them. C．Seeds are protected by the fruits D．Some plants grow from spores. 3．The word “non-flowering” in this passage means ________. A．开花的 B．有花的 C．多花的 D．不开花的 Passage 2 In the highlands of northern Kenya, a remarkable conservation effort is reshaping the relationship between local communities and wildlife — and it begins with a simple beeping sound. The “Tiger-Eye” system, developed by a team of Kenyan and British engineers, uses solar-powered sensors and satellite communication to warn villagers when elephants are approaching their farms. The system, which costs approximately $200 per unit, has reduced human-elephant conflicts by over 80% in pilot areas. Historically, elephants would wander onto farmland at night, destroying crops that families depended on for survival. In response, farmers sometimes turned to harmful methods — including shooting the elephants — leading to a sharp decline in elephant populations. The conflict was disastrous for both sides: families lost their livelihoods, and elephants lost their lives. “The Tiger-Eye system changes the situation,” explains Dr. Samuel Ochieng, a conservation biologist who helped design the project. “Instead of reacting to conflict, we’re predicting it. Sensors detect the vibrations (震动) of elephant footsteps up to two kilometers away. The system then sends a warning to the farmer’s phone, giving them time to safely scare the elephants away using unharmful methods like flashing lights or loud noises.” But the system does more than prevent conflict. It also collects valuable data on elephant movements, helping researchers understand elephants’ migration (迁徙) pattern. This information has already led to the creation of two new protected areas. The success has been a win-win situation. Elephant populations in the region have stabilized, and in some areas, even increased. Farmers also report fewer sleepless nights and higher crop yields. And perhaps most importantly, local attitudes toward wildlife have shifted dramatically. “We used to see elephants as enemies,” says Margaret Njoroge, a farmer whose crops were once destroyed three times in a single season. “Now we see them as neighbors. We just want to share the land with them.” 4．What problem does the Tiger-Eye system solve? A．Lack of farmland. B．Elephant disease outbreaks. C．Human-elephant conflicts. D．Drought in northern Kenya. 5．How does the Tiger-Eye system warn farmers? A．By sending a message to their phones. B．By sounding a loud alarm in the village. C．By using drones to scare elephants away. D．By making an emergency call automatically. 6．What additional benefit does the Tiger-Eye system provide? A．It generates electricity for villages. B．It directs elephants in their migration. C．It changes local attitudes to traditional farming. D．It creates harmony between human and wildlife. 7．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Human and Elephants: A Better Future B．Technology and Wildlife: A New Way to Co-exist C．Solar-Powered Warning Systems: A Modern Method D．Farming Challenges: A Concern for Northern Kenya Passage 3 Diving rapidly to ocean depths of 800 meters or deeper several times a night, scalloped hammerhead sharks (路氏双髻鲨) search the ocean floor for food. Some speedy deep-sea sharks are partly warm-blooded, which can pass body heat to specific organs (器官) even in icy temperatures. But the scalloped hammerhead shark has no such system. Every time it dives deep, its environment temperature drops over 20°C． Such an extreme temperature drop, especially for an animal that can’t warm itself, should weaken the shark’s eyesight and brain function. It could even be mortal, causing the shark’s muscles to seize up, and preventing it moving forward and pushing oxygenated water into its gills (鳃). That raised a question: How is it that these sharks can keep themselves warm and survive? To figure it out, Mark Royer, together with his team, attached a pack of sensors (传感器) to the animals off the coast of the Hawaiian island Oahu. These included a special device, which tracked movement, the energy of tail beats, and the body direction. The pack also recorded the water temperatures, and the shark’s internal body temperature. The sharks swam with this sensor pack for 23 days, and then the pack separated from the sharks and came up to the surface of the ocean, where it signaled its location to scientists. The data showed that the sharks maintained their body temperature changes within 0.1°C for the entirety of their dive, and most of their way back up to the surface. In the final 300 meters near the surface, the sharks’ body temperature dropped about a mere 2°C． The team believes that hammerhead sharks close their gills and mouths as they dive. They shut off their oxygen intake and prevent their body heat from escaping into the ocean. This strategy would allow them to stay warm as they hunt for food. The drop in temperature during the final part was likely due to the sharks opening their gills to breathe again as they neared comfortable water. The study makes this shark the first deep-diving fish known to do this trick. “It’s completely beyond our expectations. The meal at the bottom must be delicious, or else the energy loss involved wouldn’t be worth it,” Royer says. 8．What does the underlined word “mortal” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Abnormal. B．Obvious. C．Deadly. D．Influential. 9．How do Royer’s team obtain their findings? A．By studying recorded data collected from sharks. B．By analyzing the body structure of the shark. C．By closely tracking sharks on the spot. D．By comparing similarities between different sharks. 10．What can be inferred about the sharks from Paragraph 4? A．They got rid of the pack of sensors in the deep sea. B．They struggled to signal their location to scientists. C．They kept steady body temperature in the deep sea. D．They consumed much oxygen at the bottom of ocean. 11．What trick do these deep-diving sharks use in the deep sea? A．They pass body heat to specific organs. B．They perform “breath-hold” diving. C．They breathe with their mouths. D．They dive deep very quickly. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Unique lifestyle: the first deep-diving fish’s happy life in the ocean. B．Brave exploration: warm-blooded sharks’ deep-ocean adventure. C．The appeal of food: hammerhead sharks’ hunting techniques. D．Unusual survival: hammerhead sharks’ deep-sea diving strategy. Passage 4 Nature Improves Your Health You may have felt calmer after a walk in the park. 1 Being outdoors can bring positive changes in your body. When you see green trees, smell the pine and hear gentle rustling leaves or the sound of birdsong, your nervous system responds instantly. 2 It is a sign of physical calming. A UK study found that those who spent at least a total of 120 minutes every week in greenery were significantly more likely to report good health and higher psychological well-being. Your body’s hormonal (激素的) system also joins in the relaxation act. Spending time outdoors lowers your stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. A three-day holiday in nature has a huge impact on your virus fighting system. 3 Smelling nature is just as powerful as seeing it. The scent of trees and soil is full of organic compounds released by plants. When you breathe them in, some natural chemicals pass into the bloodstream to make you calm. 4 The smell of a pine forest can produce a relaxing effect within just 90 seconds and that effect lasts for about 10 minutes. Of course, not everyone can head into the woods at any time. But the good news is, you don’t have to. 5 White or yellow roses create the greatest calming effect on brain activity. For smell, use pine essential oil to help you feel calm. And if all else fails, even a photo of a forest can help. A．Pine is a good example of this. B．It’s not your imagination — it’s biology. C．It is beneficial to child’s mental growth. D．Outdoor activities help keeping you smarter. E．Your heart rate slows, and blood pressure drops. F．Even a month later it can be 24% above normal level. G．Small touches of nature at home can make a difference. Passage 5 Dogs are really loyal (忠实的) friends. They may have many owners during their lives, but they will never 1 their first love. Jolie Mejía recently went on a family trip to the 2 . She was enjoying a day surfing in Punta Negra of Lima, Peru when she 3 a dog staring at the sea for a long time. The dog looked clean and well‑cared‑for, and he was 4 wearing a collar (项圈). Jolie wondered why he was there by himself with 5 around to take care of him. She spent some time giving him love and attention, and they got on well with each other. He was so 6 that Jolie considered taking him home with her. But she 7 she’d be taking someone’s dog. Later, Jolie asked a local man 8 the dog. He told her the dog’s name is Vaguito. He is very 9 in the area. A woman in the village owns him, but everybody helps to take care of him. When Jolie heard why the dog sat by the sea, she was 10 . “The dog’s owner was a fisherman who passed away some time ago. The dog comes to the beach every day and watches the sea,” the man told Jolie. Vaguito will never fail to remember his first owner 11 he is surrounded (包围) by people who like him. And he’ll never stop waiting for him to 12 . Jolie shared Vaguito’s 13 on the Internet. People all over the world were touched by this dog’s 14 for his first human friend. No one can make Vaguito 15 that his first owner has passed away. But there are so many people trying their best to care about this sweet dog! 1．A．accept B．follow C．save D．forget 2．A．beach B．mountain C．river D．forest 3．A．wanted B．noticed C．missed D．raised 4．A．ever B．never C．also D．hardly 5．A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 6．A．dirty B．ugly C．friendly D．serious 7．A．feared B．regretted C．volunteered D．hoped 8．A．from B．about C．with D．to 9．A．popular B．patient C．careful D．creative 10．A．pleased B．moved C．bored D．scared 11．A．because B．unless C．if D．though 12．A．change B．pass C．return D．describe 13．A．name B．story C．result D．purpose 14．A．choice B．courage C．love D．knowledge 15．A．understand B．explain C．promise D．compare Passage 6 One of the most 1 (interest) things about bees is their amazing ability to find their way home. Even after flying to places 2 are hundreds of kilometers away, they can always return to their home quickly. Scientists have studied this ability for years, and they finally found out that bees can use the sun to navigate (导航) 3 (correct). Using the position of the sun, they can tell exactly which 4 (direct) they need to fly. But on cloudy days, when the sun is hidden, bees can still find their way 5 using special parts of their eyes. These special eyes allow bees to see ultraviolet light (紫外线), which humans cannot see. This special ability is very 6 (use) for bees, because it helps them find flowers to get nectar (花蜜) even 7 bad weather days. Scientists also found that bees can remember different 8 (place) and tell the time of day based on the sun’s position. They even can tell 9 the next food source is, so they can tell other bees where to go through their special dance. This amazing ability helps bees work more efficiently and support the whole ecosystem, which is very important for 10 (farm) around the world. 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1．________________ is that the virus constantly changes. (The reason why …) 每年需要重新注射(injection)的原因是这种病毒不断变化。 2．In our life, we will ________________. To improve yourself is the best way to deal with them. (variety) 在我们的生活中，我们会面临各种各样的挑战。提高自己是应对它们最好的方法。 3．It’s one of the few countries ________________. (where引导的定语从句) 这是为数不多的几个(车辆)靠左行驶的国家之一。 4．There was a time ________________. (when引导的定语从句) 有一段时期人们认为西红柿是有毒的。 5．The possibility ________________ has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. (同位语从句) 宇宙中其他星球上存在生命的这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外太空。 6．He was as ________________ as ever. 他对音乐一直都非常感兴趣。 7．我们生活的时代充满了机遇和挑战。 The time ________ ________ ________ is full of chances and challenges. 8．我永远不会忘记你帮助我的那个下午。 I will never forget the afternoon ________ ________ helped me. 二、应用文写作 假设你是李华，你校近期出现流浪猫(stray cat)，针对是否应该驱赶或收容这些流浪猫，同学们观点不一。校英语报就此话题开设专栏，征集意见，请你给编辑写一封信，内容包括： 1. 你的态度和理由； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 5 Into the Wild 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：BBC Learning English）Arctic terns hold the record for the longest migration on Earth. Every year, these small birds travel from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back again, covering nearly 35,000 kilometres. They make this long journey to find enough food and suitable places to breed. Scientists have fitted light trackers to the birds to record their flight paths. They found that terns do not fly in straight lines. They follow winds across oceans to save energy. However, climate change brings new risks. Rising temperatures change the distribution of fish, their main food source. Many young terns fail to survive the hard trip. Protecting their living environment matters greatly. The amazing journey of Arctic terns reminds us that all wild creatures deserve our respect and care. 【全文翻译】 北极燕鸥保持着地球上最长迁徙的纪录。每年，这种小鸟从北极飞往南极，再折返，全程近 35000 公里。它们踏上漫长旅途，是为了寻找充足食物与合适的繁殖地。科学家给燕鸥佩戴轻型追踪器，记录飞行路线。他们发现燕鸥并不直线飞行，而是借助大洋风力节省体力。然而气候变化带来新的威胁。气温升高改变了它们主要食物鱼类的分布，许多幼鸟无法熬过艰难的旅途。保护它们的生存环境至关重要。北极燕鸥奇妙的迁徙之旅提醒我们：所有野生动物都值得我们尊重与保护。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. migration n. 迁徙 2. record n. 纪录；唱片 3. kilometre n. 千米；公里 4. breed v. 繁殖；培育 5. tracker n. 追踪器 6. path n. 路线；小路 7. ocean n. 海洋 8. energy n. 能量；精力 9. climate n. 气候 10. risk n. 风险；危险 11. temperature n. 温度；气温 12. distribution n. 分布 13. survive v. 生存；存活 14. environment n. 环境 15. amazing adj. 惊人的 16. creature n. 生物；动物 17. deserve v. 值得；应得 18. respect n.&v. 尊重 19. suitable adj. 合适的 20. journey n. 旅程 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【长难句分析】 1.Scientists have fitted light trackers to the birds to record their flight paths. They found that terns do not fly in straight lines. 句意：科学家给燕鸥佩戴轻型追踪器，用来记录它们的飞行路线。他们发现燕鸥并不是沿直线飞行。 分析：第二句为主谓宾结构；that 引导宾语从句，作动词 found 的宾语。 2. The amazing journey of Arctic terns reminds us that all wild creatures deserve our respect and care. 句意：北极燕鸥奇妙的迁徙之旅提醒我们，所有野生动物都值得我们尊重和保护。 分析：本句为主谓双宾语结构；us 是间接宾语，that 引导宾语从句作直接宾语。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants can bear seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants don’t grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are very, very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants. 1．The main idea of the passage is that ________. A．plants are important for life B．plants cannot grow without air C．there are many plants around us D．we cannot live without water 2．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Plants can be divided into two main types: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. B．All fruits have seeds in them. C．Seeds are protected by the fruits D．Some plants grow from spores. 3．The word “non-flowering” in this passage means ________. A．开花的 B．有花的 C．多花的 D．不开花的 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了植物对生命的重要性，以及植物的两大类别：开花植物和不开花植物，并分别说明了它们的繁殖方式。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. (植物是非常重要的生物。如果没有植物，生命就无法延续)”、“So animals and man need plants in order to live. (因此动物和人类需要植物才能生存)”以及文章内容可知，文章第一段首句即点明植物是非常重要的生物，并进一步说明没有植物生命无法延续，随后解释了植物如何制造食物以及动物和人类对植物的依赖。因此，全文主旨是强调植物对生命的重要性。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. (但是有些水果根本没有种子。香蕉就是一种没有种子的水果的例子)”可知，“所有水果都有种子”这一说法是错误的。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. (如果你仔细观察你周围的植物，你会发现有两种植物：开花植物和non-flowering植物)”可知，flowering意为“开花的”，non-为否定前缀，因此non-flowering意为“不开花的”。 Passage 2 In the highlands of northern Kenya, a remarkable conservation effort is reshaping the relationship between local communities and wildlife — and it begins with a simple beeping sound. The “Tiger-Eye” system, developed by a team of Kenyan and British engineers, uses solar-powered sensors and satellite communication to warn villagers when elephants are approaching their farms. The system, which costs approximately $200 per unit, has reduced human-elephant conflicts by over 80% in pilot areas. Historically, elephants would wander onto farmland at night, destroying crops that families depended on for survival. In response, farmers sometimes turned to harmful methods — including shooting the elephants — leading to a sharp decline in elephant populations. The conflict was disastrous for both sides: families lost their livelihoods, and elephants lost their lives. “The Tiger-Eye system changes the situation,” explains Dr. Samuel Ochieng, a conservation biologist who helped design the project. “Instead of reacting to conflict, we’re predicting it. Sensors detect the vibrations (震动) of elephant footsteps up to two kilometers away. The system then sends a warning to the farmer’s phone, giving them time to safely scare the elephants away using unharmful methods like flashing lights or loud noises.” But the system does more than prevent conflict. It also collects valuable data on elephant movements, helping researchers understand elephants’ migration (迁徙) pattern. This information has already led to the creation of two new protected areas. The success has been a win-win situation. Elephant populations in the region have stabilized, and in some areas, even increased. Farmers also report fewer sleepless nights and higher crop yields. And perhaps most importantly, local attitudes toward wildlife have shifted dramatically. “We used to see elephants as enemies,” says Margaret Njoroge, a farmer whose crops were once destroyed three times in a single season. “Now we see them as neighbors. We just want to share the land with them.” 4．What problem does the Tiger-Eye system solve? A．Lack of farmland. B．Elephant disease outbreaks. C．Human-elephant conflicts. D．Drought in northern Kenya. 5．How does the Tiger-Eye system warn farmers? A．By sending a message to their phones. B．By sounding a loud alarm in the village. C．By using drones to scare elephants away. D．By making an emergency call automatically. 6．What additional benefit does the Tiger-Eye system provide? A．It generates electricity for villages. B．It directs elephants in their migration. C．It changes local attitudes to traditional farming. D．It creates harmony between human and wildlife. 7．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Human and Elephants: A Better Future B．Technology and Wildlife: A New Way to Co-exist C．Solar-Powered Warning Systems: A Modern Method D．Farming Challenges: A Concern for Northern Kenya 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 【导语】本文主要介绍的是肯尼亚北部高地一项名为“Tiger-Eye”的科技创新系统，该系统通过预警机制有效减少了人象冲突，促进了人类与野生动物的和谐共处。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“The ‘Tiger-Eye’ system, developed by a team of Kenyan and British engineers, uses solar-powered sensors and satellite communication to warn villagers when elephants are approaching their farms. (由肯尼亚和英国工程师团队开发的‘Tiger-Eye’系统，利用太阳能传感器和卫星通信，在大象接近农田时向村民发出警告。)”以及第三段对历史冲突的描述可知，Tiger-Eye系统解决的是人象冲突问题。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段“The system then sends a warning to the farmer’s phone, giving them time to safely scare the elephants away using unharmful methods like flashing lights or loud noises. (然后系统会向农民的手机发送警告，让他们有时间使用无害的方法，如闪烁的灯光或巨大的噪音，安全地将大象吓跑。)”可知，Tiger-Eye系统通过向农民的手机发送信息来发出警告。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Elephant populations in the region have stabilized, and in some areas, even increased. Farmers also report fewer sleepless nights and higher crop yields. And perhaps most importantly, local attitudes toward wildlife have shifted dramatically. (该地区的大象数量已经稳定下来，在某些地区甚至有所增加。农民们也报告说失眠的夜晚更少了，农作物产量更高了。也许最重要的是，当地人对野生动物的态度发生了巨大转变。)”以及“‘We used to see elephants as enemies,’ says Margaret Njoroge, a farmer whose crops were once destroyed three times in a single season. ‘Now we see them as neighbors. We just want to share the land with them.’ (‘我们过去把大象视为敌人，’农民玛格丽特·恩乔罗格说道，她的庄稼曾在一个季度内被毁三次。‘现在我们把它们当作邻居。我们只想与它们共享这片土地。’)”可知，Tiger-Eye系统带来的额外好处是创造了人类与野生动物之间的和谐关系。 7．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“In the highlands of northern Kenya, a remarkable conservation effort is reshaping the relationship between local communities and wildlife — and it begins with a simple beeping sound. (在肯尼亚北部高地，一项引人注目的保护工作正在重塑当地社区与野生动物之间的关系——而这一切都始于一个简单的蜂鸣声。)”以及最后一段对双赢结果的描述可知，本文最佳标题是“科技与野生动物：一种共存的新方式”。 Passage 3 Diving rapidly to ocean depths of 800 meters or deeper several times a night, scalloped hammerhead sharks (路氏双髻鲨) search the ocean floor for food. Some speedy deep-sea sharks are partly warm-blooded, which can pass body heat to specific organs (器官) even in icy temperatures. But the scalloped hammerhead shark has no such system. Every time it dives deep, its environment temperature drops over 20°C． Such an extreme temperature drop, especially for an animal that can’t warm itself, should weaken the shark’s eyesight and brain function. It could even be mortal, causing the shark’s muscles to seize up, and preventing it moving forward and pushing oxygenated water into its gills (鳃). That raised a question: How is it that these sharks can keep themselves warm and survive? To figure it out, Mark Royer, together with his team, attached a pack of sensors (传感器) to the animals off the coast of the Hawaiian island Oahu. These included a special device, which tracked movement, the energy of tail beats, and the body direction. The pack also recorded the water temperatures, and the shark’s internal body temperature. The sharks swam with this sensor pack for 23 days, and then the pack separated from the sharks and came up to the surface of the ocean, where it signaled its location to scientists. The data showed that the sharks maintained their body temperature changes within 0.1°C for the entirety of their dive, and most of their way back up to the surface. In the final 300 meters near the surface, the sharks’ body temperature dropped about a mere 2°C． The team believes that hammerhead sharks close their gills and mouths as they dive. They shut off their oxygen intake and prevent their body heat from escaping into the ocean. This strategy would allow them to stay warm as they hunt for food. The drop in temperature during the final part was likely due to the sharks opening their gills to breathe again as they neared comfortable water. The study makes this shark the first deep-diving fish known to do this trick. “It’s completely beyond our expectations. The meal at the bottom must be delicious, or else the energy loss involved wouldn’t be worth it,” Royer says. 8．What does the underlined word “mortal” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Abnormal. B．Obvious. C．Deadly. D．Influential. 9．How do Royer’s team obtain their findings? A．By studying recorded data collected from sharks. B．By analyzing the body structure of the shark. C．By closely tracking sharks on the spot. D．By comparing similarities between different sharks. 10．What can be inferred about the sharks from Paragraph 4? A．They got rid of the pack of sensors in the deep sea. B．They struggled to signal their location to scientists. C．They kept steady body temperature in the deep sea. D．They consumed much oxygen at the bottom of ocean. 11．What trick do these deep-diving sharks use in the deep sea? A．They pass body heat to specific organs. B．They perform “breath-hold” diving. C．They breathe with their mouths. D．They dive deep very quickly. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Unique lifestyle: the first deep-diving fish’s happy life in the ocean. B．Brave exploration: warm-blooded sharks’ deep-ocean adventure. C．The appeal of food: hammerhead sharks’ hunting techniques. D．Unusual survival: hammerhead sharks’ deep-sea diving strategy. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 【导语】本文主要讲的是科学家研究路氏双髻鲨如何在深海低温环境下保住体温、存活捕猎，揭示了它闭鳃闭嘴锁热的独特本领。 【详解】8．词句猜测题。根据第二段“causing the shark’s muscles to seize up, and preventing it moving forward and pushing oxygenated water into its gills (鳃).(鲨鱼肌肉会突然僵硬，无法前进，也无法将富含氧气的海水推入鳃部)”可知，这可能会导致鲨鱼的死亡，是致命的，因此mortal的意思是“致命的”，和Deadly意思相近。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“To figure it out, Mark Royer, together with his team, attached a pack of sensors to the animals off the coast of the Hawaiian island Oahu...The pack also recorded the water temperatures, and the shark’s internal body temperature.(为了弄清楚这个问题，马克·罗耶与他的团队在夏威夷瓦胡岛海岸附近给这些鲨鱼安装了一组传感器)”和第四段“The sharks swam with this sensor pack for 23 days, and then the pack separated from the sharks and came up to the surface of the ocean, where it signaled its location to scientists. The data showed that the sharks maintained their body temperature changes within 0.1°C for the entirety of their dive, and most of their way back up to the surface.(鲨鱼使用这个传感器包潜行了23天，随后传感器包与鲨鱼分离，并浮出海面，向科学家发出位置信号。数据显示，鲨鱼在全程潜水过程中以及大部分回升至水面的过程中，体温变化始终控制在0.1°C以内。)”可知，Royer的团队是通过研究从鲨鱼身上收集的记录数据来获得他们研究成果的。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段“The data showed that the sharks maintained their body temperature changes within 0.1°C for the entirety of their dive, and most of their way back up to the surface.(数据显示，鲨鱼在全程潜水过程中以及大部分回升至水面的过程中，体温变化始终控制在0.1°C以内。)”可知，从第四段可以推断出鲨鱼在深海中保持恒定的体温。   11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The team believes that hammerhead sharks close their gills and mouths as they dive. They shut off their oxygen intake and prevent their body heat from escaping into the ocean.(该研究团队认为，双髻鲨下潜时会闭合鳃和嘴巴。它们停止摄入氧气，避免自身体内热量散失到海水中。)”可知，这些深潜鲨鱼在深海中使用的技巧是它们进行“憋气”潜水。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“The team believes that hammerhead sharks close their gills and mouths as they dive. They shut off their oxygen intake and prevent their body heat from escaping into the ocean. This strategy would allow them to stay warm as they hunt for food. The drop in temperature during the final part was likely due to the sharks opening their gills to breathe again as they neared comfortable water.(研究团队认为，双髻鲨下潜时会闭合鳃和嘴巴。它们停止摄入氧气，阻止体内热量散失到海水中。这套生存策略能让它们捕猎时保持体温。而最后阶段的体温下降，很可能是因为鲨鱼接近温度适宜的水域时，重新张开鳃开始呼吸。)”和最后一段“The study makes this shark the first deep-diving fish known to do this trick.(该研究发现，这种鲨鱼是目前已知第一种拥有该特殊本领的深潜鱼类。)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家研究路氏双髻鲨如何在深海低温环境下保住体温、存活捕猎，揭示了它闭鳃闭嘴锁热的独特本领，因此最恰当的标题是D选项“Unusual survival: hammerhead sharks’ deep-sea diving strategy.(非同寻常的生存之道：双髻鲨的深海下潜策略)”。 Passage 4 Nature Improves Your Health You may have felt calmer after a walk in the park. 1 Being outdoors can bring positive changes in your body. When you see green trees, smell the pine and hear gentle rustling leaves or the sound of birdsong, your nervous system responds instantly. 2 It is a sign of physical calming. A UK study found that those who spent at least a total of 120 minutes every week in greenery were significantly more likely to report good health and higher psychological well-being. Your body’s hormonal (激素的) system also joins in the relaxation act. Spending time outdoors lowers your stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. A three-day holiday in nature has a huge impact on your virus fighting system. 3 Smelling nature is just as powerful as seeing it. The scent of trees and soil is full of organic compounds released by plants. When you breathe them in, some natural chemicals pass into the bloodstream to make you calm. 4 The smell of a pine forest can produce a relaxing effect within just 90 seconds and that effect lasts for about 10 minutes. Of course, not everyone can head into the woods at any time. But the good news is, you don’t have to. 5 White or yellow roses create the greatest calming effect on brain activity. For smell, use pine essential oil to help you feel calm. And if all else fails, even a photo of a forest can help. A．Pine is a good example of this. B．It’s not your imagination — it’s biology. C．It is beneficial to child’s mental growth. D．Outdoor activities help keeping you smarter. E．Your heart rate slows, and blood pressure drops. F．Even a month later it can be 24% above normal level. G．Small touches of nature at home can make a difference. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．G 【导语】阐述亲近自然对身心健康的多重益处，从神经系统、激素、嗅觉等角度说明原理，并介绍居家简易替代方案。 【详解】1．根据空前的“You may have felt calmer after a walk in the park.(在公园散步后，你或许会感到内心更加平静。)”以及空后的“Being outdoors can bring positive changes in your body.(身处户外会给你的身体带来积极改变。)”可知，前文提出人们身处自然会平静的直观感受，后文从生理层面给出科学解释，空格衔接说明这种感受并非错觉，而是生理机制作用。B选项“It’s not your imagination — it’s biology (这并非你的主观想象，而是生理机制在起作用)”中It指代前文散步后内心平静的体验，承接个人感受，引出下文身体发生的各类生理变化，符合语境。 2．根据空前的“When you see green trees, smell the pine and hear gentle rustling leaves or the sound of birdsong, your nervous system responds instantly.(当你看见绿树、闻到松木香、听见树叶轻响或鸟鸣，你的神经系统会立刻做出反应。)”以及空后的“It is a sign of physical calming.(这是身体趋于平静的信号。)”可知，空格需要填写神经系统放松带来的具体生理表现。E选项“Your heart rate slows, and blood pressure drops (你的心率放缓，血压下降)”列举身体放松的直观生理变化，后文It就指代心率、血压的变化，前后逻辑紧密，符合语境。 3．根据空前的“A three-day holiday in nature has a huge impact on your virus fighting system.(在自然中度过三天假期，会对你的抗病毒免疫系统产生巨大积极影响。)”可知，前文说明短期自然环境对免疫的作用，空格补充该效果的持续时长。F选项“Even a month later it can be 24% above normal level (即便一个月之后，你的免疫水平仍能比正常值高出24%)”句中it指代人体抗病毒免疫系统，延续本段激素与免疫相关话题，衔接上文，符合语境。 4．根据空前的“When you breathe them in, some natural chemicals pass into the bloodstream to make you calm.(当你吸入这些物质，部分天然化学物质会进入血液，使人平静。)”以及空后的“The smell of a pine forest can produce a relaxing effect within just 90 seconds and that effect lasts for about 10 minutes.(松林的气味仅需90秒就能产生放松效果，且该效果可持续约十分钟。)”可知，后文以松树气味作为实例论证天然气味的舒缓作用，空格需要引出松树这一例证。A选项“Pine is a good example of this (松树就是很好的例证)”中this指代前文植物释放的有机化合物能使人平静这一规律，自然引出后文松林气味的实验效果，符合语境。 5．根据空前的“Of course, not everyone can head into the woods at any time. But the good news is, you don’t have to.(当然，不是所有人随时都能走进树林，但好消息是你不必非要去户外。)”以及空后介绍室内摆放鲜花、使用松精油、森林图片等居家替代方法可知，空格总起本段，说明居家少量自然元素也能起到舒缓作用。G选项“Small touches of nature at home can make a difference (在家中添置少许自然元素就能起到效果)”承接前文无法随时外出的限制，引出后文各类居家简易自然方案，符合语境。 Passage 5 Dogs are really loyal (忠实的) friends. They may have many owners during their lives, but they will never 1 their first love. Jolie Mejía recently went on a family trip to the 2 . She was enjoying a day surfing in Punta Negra of Lima, Peru when she 3 a dog staring at the sea for a long time. The dog looked clean and well‑cared‑for, and he was 4 wearing a collar (项圈). Jolie wondered why he was there by himself with 5 around to take care of him. She spent some time giving him love and attention, and they got on well with each other. He was so 6 that Jolie considered taking him home with her. But she 7 she’d be taking someone’s dog. Later, Jolie asked a local man 8 the dog. He told her the dog’s name is Vaguito. He is very 9 in the area. A woman in the village owns him, but everybody helps to take care of him. When Jolie heard why the dog sat by the sea, she was 10 . “The dog’s owner was a fisherman who passed away some time ago. The dog comes to the beach every day and watches the sea,” the man told Jolie. Vaguito will never fail to remember his first owner 11 he is surrounded (包围) by people who like him. And he’ll never stop waiting for him to 12 . Jolie shared Vaguito’s 13 on the Internet. People all over the world were touched by this dog’s 14 for his first human friend. No one can make Vaguito 15 that his first owner has passed away. But there are so many people trying their best to care about this sweet dog! 1．A．accept B．follow C．save D．forget 2．A．beach B．mountain C．river D．forest 3．A．wanted B．noticed C．missed D．raised 4．A．ever B．never C．also D．hardly 5．A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 6．A．dirty B．ugly C．friendly D．serious 7．A．feared B．regretted C．volunteered D．hoped 8．A．from B．about C．with D．to 9．A．popular B．patient C．careful D．creative 10．A．pleased B．moved C．bored D．scared 11．A．because B．unless C．if D．though 12．A．change B．pass C．return D．describe 13．A．name B．story C．result D．purpose 14．A．choice B．courage C．love D．knowledge 15．A．understand B．explain C．promise D．compare 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲的是一只叫Vaguito的狗狗的故事。它的第一位主人是一位已经去世的渔民，尽管现在有很多当地人关心、照顾它，它依旧每天来到海滩守望大海，等待主人归来。Jolie在海滩偶遇这只狗，了解到故事后发到网上，狗狗对主人的忠诚打动了全世界的人们。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：它们一生可能会有很多主人，但永远不会忘记它们最初的挚爱。A. accept接受；B. follow跟随；C. save拯救；D. forget忘记。根据上文“Dogs are really loyal (忠实的) friends”可知，狗是忠实的朋友，因此此处指不会忘记最初的挚爱。 2．考查名词。句意：Jolie Mejía最近一家人去海滩旅行。A. beach海滩；B. mountain大山；C. river河流；D. forest森林。根据后文“She was enjoying a day surfing”冲浪，可知地点是海滩。 3．考查动词。句意：当她注意到一只狗久久凝望着大海时，她正在秘鲁利马的蓬塔内格拉享受冲浪的一天。A. wanted想要；B. noticed注意到；C. missed想念，错过；D. raised抚养。根据下文“a dog staring at the sea for a long time”可知，此处指她冲浪时留意到这只狗。 4．考查副词。句意：这只狗看起来干净，被照顾得很好，而且它还戴着项圈。A. ever曾经；B. never从不；C. also也，还；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“The dog looked clean and well‑cared‑for”和下文“wearing a collar”可知，前文讲狗干净被照料好，此处补充它还戴着项圈，空格处用also。 5．考查不定代词。句意：Jolie想知道为什么它独自待在那里，身边没有人照顾它。A. anybody任何人；B. somebody某人；C. everybody每个人；D. nobody没有人。根据上文“by himself”可知，周围没人照料这只狗，空格处用“没有人”。 6．考查形容词。句意：它十分友好，Jolie考虑把它带回家。A. dirty脏的；B. ugly丑陋的；C. friendly友好的；D. serious严肃的。根据前文“they got on well with each other”可知，他们相处融洽，说明狗很友好。 7．考查动词。句意：但是她担心她把别人的狗带走了。A. feared担心，害怕；B. regretted后悔；C. volunteered自愿；D. hoped希望。根据上文“he was there by himself”和下文“she’d be taking someone’s dog”可知，这只狗身边没有人，她担心她把别人的狗带回家。 8．考查介词。句意：后来，Jolie向一位当地人打听关于这只狗的事情。A. from从；B. about关于；C. with和；D. to到。根据下文“the dog”可知，她向当地人打听关于狗的事情，空格处用“关于”。 9．考查形容词。句意：它在这个地区很受欢迎。A. popular受欢迎的；B. patient耐心的；C. careful小心的；D. creative有创造力的。根据后文“everybody helps to take care of him”可知，所有人帮忙照顾它，因此它很受当地人欢迎。 10．考查形容词。句意：当Jolie听到狗坐在海边的缘由，她被感动了。A. pleased高兴的；B. moved感动的；C. bored无聊的；D. scared害怕的。根据下文“The dog’s owner was a fisherman who passed away some time ago. The dog comes to the beach every day and watches the sea”讲述的狗狗等待逝去主人的故事，令人动容，空格处意为“感动的”。 11．考查连词。句意：尽管Vaguito身边围绕着很多喜欢它的人，但它永远不会忘记它的第一位主人。A. because因为；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. though虽然，尽管。根据上文“Vaguito will never fail to remember his first owner”和下文“he is surrounded (包围) by people who like him”可知，此处表达“尽管Vaguito身边围绕着很多喜欢它的人”，空格处用though引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”。 12．考查动词。句意：并且它永远不会停止等待主人归来。A. change改变；B. pass通过；C. return返回；D. describe描述。根据上文“The dog’s owner was a fisherman who passed away some time ago”所说的主人已经离世可知，狗狗每天守在海边等待主人回来。 13．考查名词。句意：Jolie在网上分享了Vaguito的故事。A. name名字；B. story故事；C. result结果；D. purpose目的。根据上文“Jolie shared Vaguito’s”可知，Jolie把狗狗等待主人的故事分享到了网络上。 14．考查名词。句意：全世界的人都被这只狗对第一位人类朋友的爱所打动。A. choice选择；B. courage勇气；C. love爱；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“The dog comes to the beach every day and watches the sea”可知，狗每天等主人回来，体现了对主人的爱，全世界的人都被这种爱感动了。 15．考查动词。句意：没有人能让Vaguito明白它的第一位主人已经去世。A. understand理解，明白；B. explain解释；C. promise承诺；D. compare比较。根据倒数第三段的“The dog’s owner was a fisherman who passed away some time ago. The dog comes to the beach every day and watches the sea”可知，狗狗依旧在等待，无法明白主人已经不在了。 Passage 6 One of the most 1 (interest) things about bees is their amazing ability to find their way home. Even after flying to places 2 are hundreds of kilometers away, they can always return to their home quickly. Scientists have studied this ability for years, and they finally found out that bees can use the sun to navigate (导航) 3 (correct). Using the position of the sun, they can tell exactly which 4 (direct) they need to fly. But on cloudy days, when the sun is hidden, bees can still find their way 5 using special parts of their eyes. These special eyes allow bees to see ultraviolet light (紫外线), which humans cannot see. This special ability is very 6 (use) for bees, because it helps them find flowers to get nectar (花蜜) even 7 bad weather days. Scientists also found that bees can remember different 8 (place) and tell the time of day based on the sun’s position. They even can tell 9 the next food source is, so they can tell other bees where to go through their special dance. This amazing ability helps bees work more efficiently and support the whole ecosystem, which is very important for 10 (farm) around the world. 【答案】 1．interesting 2．which/that 3．correctly 4．direction 5．by 6．useful 7．on 8．places 9．where 10．farmers 【导语】本文主要介绍了蜜蜂出色的认路本领。它们依靠太阳导航，阴天可借助紫外线定位，还能记住地点、传递食物位置信息，该能力对全球农民意义重大。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂最有趣的一点就是它们惊人的回家能力。此处修饰事物things，用-ing形式的形容词interesting，表示“有趣的”。 2．考查定语从句。句意：即使飞到数百公里外的地方，它们也能迅速返回家园。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是 places（地点，指物），从句缺少主语，因此用关系代词which或that引导定语从句，指代先行词并在从句中作主语。 3．考查副词。句意：科学家多年来一直研究这种能力，最终发现蜜蜂能够利用太阳来正确导航。修饰动词navigate（导航）需要用副词形式作状语，correct的副词形式为correctly，表示“准确地导航”。 4．考查名词。句意：通过观察太阳的位置，它们可以准确判断自己需要朝哪个方向飞行。which后接名词，direct的名词形式是direction（方向）；which direction 表示 “哪一个方向”，用单数即可。 5．考查介词。句意：但在阴天、太阳被遮挡的时候，蜜蜂仍能依靠眼睛的特殊部分找到方向。by doing sth是固定搭配，意为“通过做某事”，此处表示“通过使用眼睛的特殊部位来认路”，所以为介词by。 6．考查形容词。句意：这种特殊的能力对蜜蜂来说非常有用，因为即使在恶劣的天气里，它也能帮助它们找到花来获取花蜜。系动词is后接形容词作表语，use的形容词形式为useful，表示“有用的”。 7．考查介词。句意同上。表示在具体某类天气的日子前，介词用on，on bad weather days意为“在天气不好的日子里”。 8．考查名词复数形式。句意：科学家还发现，蜜蜂能够记住不同的地点，并根据太阳位置判断一天中的时间。different（不同的）后接可数名词时，应使用复数形式，因此place变为places。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：它们甚至能辨别下一个食物来源的位置，因此可以通过特殊的舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂该去的方向。设空处引导宾语从句，从句the next food source is缺少表语，且后文出现where to go呼应地点含义，因此用where引导宾语从句，表示“下一个食物源在哪里”。 10．考查名词。句意：这种令人惊叹的能力让蜜蜂工作更高效，从而支持整个生态系统，这对全球农民来说至关重要。根据句意“这对全世界的农民至关重要”，此处需填表示“农民” 的名词；farmer是可数名词，结合around the world的范围，用复数形式farmers。 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1．________________ is that the virus constantly changes. (The reason why …) 每年需要重新注射(injection)的原因是这种病毒不断变化。 2．In our life, we will ________________. To improve yourself is the best way to deal with them. (variety) 在我们的生活中，我们会面临各种各样的挑战。提高自己是应对它们最好的方法。 3．It’s one of the few countries ________________. (where引导的定语从句) 这是为数不多的几个(车辆)靠左行驶的国家之一。 4．There was a time ________________. (when引导的定语从句) 有一段时期人们认为西红柿是有毒的。 5．The possibility ________________ has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. (同位语从句) 宇宙中其他星球上存在生命的这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外太空。 6．He was as ________________ as ever. 他对音乐一直都非常感兴趣。 7．我们生活的时代充满了机遇和挑战。 The time ________ ________ ________ is full of chances and challenges. 8．我永远不会忘记你帮助我的那个下午。 I will never forget the afternoon ________ ________ helped me. 【答案】 1．The reason why the injection needs repeating every year 2．face a variety of challenges 3．where people drive on the left 4．when people thought tomatoes were poisonous 5．that there is life on other planets in the universe 6．much interested in music 7． when we live 8． when you 二、应用文写作 假设你是李华，你校近期出现流浪猫(stray cat)，针对是否应该驱赶或收容这些流浪猫，同学们观点不一。校英语报就此话题开设专栏，征集意见，请你给编辑写一封信，内容包括： 1. 你的态度和理由； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Editor, I firmly support keeping stray cats on our campus. Caring for these weak animals helps us develop compassion and a sense of responsibility, which are vital for our growth. To ensure a harmonious coexistence between stray cats and the campus community, we can take practical and proper measures. First, we can set up a volunteer group to take turns feeding the cats. Second, we can ask local animal rescue groups for help to give the cats vaccinations and deworming. I hope that my suggestions will be helpful for the proper care of campus stray cats. Yours, Li Hua $ Unit 5 Into the Wild 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D Passage 2 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B Passage 3 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D Passage 4 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．G Passage 5 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A Passage 6 【答案】 1．interesting 2．which/that 3．correctly 4．direction 5．by 6．useful 7．on 8．places 9．where 10．farmers 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 【答案】 1．The reason why the injection needs repeating every year 2．face a variety of challenges 3．where people drive on the left 4．when people thought tomatoes were poisonous 5．that there is life on other planets in the universe 6．much interested in music 7． when we live 8． when you 二、应用文写作 【参考范文】 Dear Editor, I firmly support keeping stray cats on our campus. Caring for these weak animals helps us develop compassion and a sense of responsibility, which are vital for our growth. To ensure a harmonious coexistence between stray cats and the campus community, we can take practical and proper measures. First, we can set up a volunteer group to take turns feeding the cats. Second, we can ask local animal rescue groups for help to give the cats vaccinations and deworming. I hope that my suggestions will be helpful for the proper care of campus stray cats. Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $