Unit5 Into the Wild阅读完形训练- 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题（外研版2019必修第一册)

Unit5 Into the Wild阅读完形训练 - 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019必修第一册） 一、阅读理解 Passage1. Hundreds of emperor penguin chicks jumped off a 15- meter cliff (悬崖), as high as a five- story building. This scene was captured by drones in January at Atka Bay, Antarctica, and was put out recently in a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins. This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins. According to National Geographic, emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms. Not long after they turn 5 months old, the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves. Normally, they just need to jump from the sea ice, which is less than a meter high. However, he fast- melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation. The Antarctic summer sea ice has decreased sharply since 2016, reported the BBC． in February 2023, the total area of sea ice reached a record low of 1.91 million square kilometers. Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle, it’s the stable platform they use to bring up their young. Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), told the BBC． If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim, they are more likely to drown or freeze to death. For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf, which is firmly attached to the land. Therefore, chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff. “When the chicks get to this cliff face, they’re like... ‘This does not look like a fun jump, but I guess I’m gonna have to go’,” Michelle LaRue, a scientist at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, told National Geographic. “Alarmingly, the decline in the ice has caused thousands of emperor penguin chicks to the in West Antarctica in 2022. The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves, ” said Fretwell. “It’s heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it’s on at the moment,” he added. 1．What does the underlined word “lethal” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Deadly. B．Pleasant. C．Unusual. D．Boring. 2．Why do emperor penguin chicks jump off cliffs? A．They want to travel across the ocean. B．They are trying to escape predators. C．They are celebrating getting their adult feathers. D．They have no other way to enter the water to hunt. 3．What factor is leading to emperor penguins raising their young on ice shelves? A．Declining sea levels. B．The rapid melting of sea ice. C．More available food for the chicks. D．Bigger size of ice shelves. 4．What is the main concern Fretwell expressed- regarding emperor penguins? A．The shorter breeding cycle. B．Their ability to hunt for themselves. C．The potential extinction of the species. D．Their increased dependence on sea ice. Passage2. Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 1．What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A．It is independent of her son’s age. B．A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C．A mother of daughters has the least chance. D．It changes with the social structure of the pod. 2．What can be inferred from the research? A．Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B．Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C．Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D．Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 3．Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A．To increase the pod’s population. B．To compete with other pods. C．To gain support from boys. D．To save food. 4．What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A．It is extremely rare in nature. B．It shows that killer whales have feelings. C．It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D．It slows male killer whales’ development. Passage3. Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China’s Shanxi province. Ma still remembers the day when he first saw two big pink birds wandering through the water. “I had never seen such pretty birds. They were even taller than me, with long wings,” Ma recalls. He was later told that the birds were flamingos, a rare sight in China, which were listed on the International Union for Protection of Nature’s red list of endangered species in 2013. From that day on, Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings from interfering with the wildlife. “The birds are attracted by the good environment,” Ma says. “I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year.” Yuncheng Salt Lake covers an area of 132 square kilometers and used to serve as a salt production base. As the country began attaching greater importance to environmental protection, an ecological (生态的) protection and development center was set up in 2012 to carry out regular ecological protection and restoration (修复) of the lake. “The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected,” says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country. After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019. “The lake’s ecology is getting better,” Ma says, adding that he looks forward to the arrival of the flamingos every year. “Some of them are my old friends”, he says. 1．Why does Ma patrol Yuncheng Salt Lake every day? A．To serve as a keeper of the lake. B．To observe the rare flamingos closely. C．To admire the scenery around the lake. D．To come across the flamingos again. 2．What does the underlined phrase “interfering with” in Para 2 probably mean? A．Bringing benefits to. B．Losing control of. C．Sharing space with. D．Causing problems to. 3．What can be inferred about Yuncheng Salt Lake from Para 3? A．It is still used as a salt production base. B．The restoration of it will be carried out soon. C．The protection of its ecology is of great importance. D．It’s home to 292 types of endangered wildlife. 4．Which word can best describe Ma? A．Creative. B．Responsible. C．Generous. D．Humorous. Passage4. Visit the sandy beaches in California, and probably your would- be sun bathing spot is already occupied by a sea lion. There are as many as 300,000 of these marine mammals in America but their population hasn’t always been so large. Hunting and pollution throughout the years accounted for fewer than 90,000 animals by 1975. The Marine Mammal Protection Act, passed in 1972, contributes to the recovery. But now the sea lions are once again brushing up against the natural carrying capacity (容量), and scientists are starting to see some wacky changes. Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size. He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions. Analyzing the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (同位素) in the animals’ bones revealed their diets and habitats, partially explaining the sex- specific trend in body size. Females have a wider variety of dietary preferences than the males, meaning that less competition possibly exists among female sea lions to drive changes in their body size. However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said. “During their breeding season, males gather at sites occupied by females and engage in aggressive male- male fights for territorial (领土的) control, and bigger ones physically gain an advantage,” she said. As the population of sea lions grew, these fights likely broke out more and more often, and the larger winners got to pass on their genes to the next generation. Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable. The mammals’ diets have historically fed on sardines and anchovies, both of which are threatened by warmer oceans. Now it will take more than the Marine Mammal Protection Act to preserve these animals. 1．What does the word “wacky” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Ordinary. B．Predictable. C．Unusual. D．Pleasant. 2．Which of the following does Valenzuela Toro agree with? A．Analyzing sea lions’ diets is of little value. B．The number of sea lions should be limited. C．Female sea lions are more and more aggressive. D．Fierce competition has led to bigger male sea lions. 3．How does Valenzuela Toro feel about the future of bigger male sea lions? A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Hopeless. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To explain a natural phenomenon. B．To call for protection for sea lions. C．To recommend a travel destination. D．To show some challenges sea lions face. Passage5. Why you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour (吞食) all our crops and kill our cattle, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beast who eat insects, but all of them put together kill only a very small amount of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in the work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a research on spiders and found that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all human beings in the country. 1．Spiders should be our friends, because ________. A．they only eat harmful insects B．they are great insect-eating animals C．they destroy insects without hurting us in any way D．they include some of the greatest enemies of the human race 2．One authority on spiders estimated ________. A．that there were more than 2,250,000 insects in a grass field in the south of England B．that every football field in England had 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds C．the number of different spiders in England was very big D．that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders is more than the weight of human. 3．What does the underlined word “content” mean in the article? It means ________. A．fed B．discouraged C．disappointed D．satisfied 4．Spiders are active in killing insects ________. A．all the year B．for most of the year. C．in the summer month. D．for more than six months of each year. 5．Which one of the following statements is the main idea? A．Spiders, the greatest insects-eating animals, protect us from being destroyed by harmful insects and they should be our friends. B．Spiders are not insects but in fact animals. C．There are great numbers of spiders engaged in destroying harmful insects on behalf of the human race. D．Birds and beasts can’t compare with spiders as destroyers of insects. Passage6. The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming. Birds are often considered sentinel (哨兵) species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem—so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America’s bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course. For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings. Because of the study’s long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological (形态学的) effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size. 1．Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds? A．They have small body sizes. B．They are sensitive to hot weather. C．They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D．They are ecological balance indicators. 2．What can we learn from the new study? A．A third of species have been extinct for a decade. B．36 species lost 2% of their body weight every year. C．Two- thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight. D．About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings. 3．What does the underlined word “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean? A．Take on. B．Give off. C．Put up. D．Lead to. 4．What would probably the researchers further study? A．Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool. B．What effects the wing length changes have on birds. C．Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight. D．Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100. 二、完形填空 Passage1. My dog Murphy wasn’t the easiest dog. He was clingy (粘人的). He would sit on my legs and 1 to let me stand up. I 2 him very much. After Murphy’s 3 , I felt an emptiness in my heart. My friends 4 me to get another dog, but I couldn’t 5 the thought of it. Loving and losing a dog hurt too much. However, two years later, I made the 6 to keep Wilfred as my new pet. I visited Wilfred’s original 7 and saw Wilfred sitting quietly in a corner. “Come here,” the owner said. “He’s very 8 , so it may take a while for him to 9 .” The second I sat down, Wilfred jumped onto my legs. “He’s 10 done that,” the owner said. “I think he just 11 you.” Over the next six 12 , we had a good time. My sadness at 13 Murphy finally began to go away. Sadly, Wilfred died of a serious illness half a year later. We were brought together because we 14 each other. Wilfred filled the emptiness in my heart, and I helped him by giving him a home in his 15 days, a home where he was loved. 1．A．fail B．try C．refuse D．forget 2．A．thanked B．doubted C．alarmed D．loved 3．A．illness B．death C．move D．dinner 4．A．encouraged B．forced C．allowed D．challenged 5．A．share B．stop C．bear D．express 6．A．decision B．suggestion C．excuse D．order 7．A．partner B．owner C．buyer D．helper 8．A．outgoing B．serious C．friendly D．shy 9．A．get up B．catch up C．warm up D．give up 10．A．often B．never C．already D．also 11．A．chose B．touched C．noticed D．met 12．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 13．A．hurting B．punishing C．catching D．losing 14．A．knew B．needed C．trained D．missed 15．A．dark B．happy C．early D．final Passage2. Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 . He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had decreased sharply as well. He 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect the cold-blooded animals from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below. Molai 15 on planting trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 1．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 2．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 3．A．comic B．normal C．disturbing D．familiar 4．A．profit B．tension C．benefit D．harm 5．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 6．A．proposed B．realized C．memorized D．published 7．A．noise B．heat C．resident D．root 8．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 9．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 10．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 11．A．Burning B．Appreciating C．Watering D．Transporting 12．A．demanding B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 13．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 14．A．expose B．track C．purify D．collect 15．A．returned B．relied C．reflected D．insisted Passage3. Miller’s black shirt is his favorite. He’s had it for eight years, but he never thought it would one day come in handy when saving a life. One Saturday, Miller was on his way home on his motorcycle when the traffic 1 in front of him. Miller stopped and was 2 to know what was causing the traffic jam. “I went to see why everyone was stopping and found a bald eagle in the middle of the road,” Miller said. “Another person was there and he gave the bird a 3 to see if she would walk or fly away. She spread her 4 but was unable to go anywhere.” The bird was too badly hurt to 5 . As an animal lover, Miller knew he had to help the bird that was 6 . So he took off his favorite shirt and threw it over the eagle. To his 7 , the eagle remained calm as he 8 her in the shirt. Once Miller had moved the eagle out of the 9 , he called 911 and eventually got in touch with a local recovery center for 10 birds. Miller held the 15-pound bird for about 45 minutes while 11 rescue staff to arrive. But the time seemed to pass quickly. “I wasn’t really thinking about it when I was 12 her,” Miller said. “I was just trying to keep her calm and make sure she knows she’s 13 , and I wasn’t going to drop her.” After a few days’ 14 , the rescuers are confident that the bald eagle will finally be able to return into the wild. As for Miller’s favorite shirt, it has some blood on it, but Miller knows it was used for a good cause—and he will surely be 15 it again. 1．A．signaled B．passed C．slowed D．reduced 2．A．scared B．shocked C．upset D．excited 3．A．hit B．glance C．smile D．push 4．A．toes B．tails C．wings D．neck 5．A．fly B．eat C．fight D．scream 6．A．cute B．injured C．shy D．endangered 7．A．credit B．annoyance C．surprise D．relief 8．A．saved B．wrapped C．buried D．hid 9．A．road B．motorcycle C．car D．shirt 10．A．young B．wild C．rare D．strong 11．A．cheering up B．calling up C．seeing to D．waiting for 12．A．holding B．facing C．checking D．catching 13．A．clever B．fierce C．weak D．secure 14．A．judgement B．suffering C．treatment D．protection 15．A．wearing B．throwing C．polluting D．washing Passage4. A lost baby elephant has been united again with its mother with the help of the Forest Department. The story happened when the baby elephant was discovered walking 1 , anxiously looking for its mother in the huge wild areas of the Tiger Reserve at Pollachi. An official 2 the situation when he was checking the monitor (监控) and it immediately made him 3 . As a matter of fact, it was he who shared the inspiring process of the 4 online later, along with a moving photo showing the exciting get-together. “The year ended with a(n) 5 event for us,” the official wrote on his post. “After a lost baby elephant was saved in the Tiger Reserve, our foresters united it with its mother and the herd (象群).” After hours of searching, the baby elephant was 6 by a team full of love and determination and they immediately 7 . Using advanced technology such as drones (无人机) and the knowledge of 8 forest watchers, the Forest Department successfully found the herd, 9 the safety of the baby elephant. After 10 that the youngster’s family had walked 2.5 miles from the baby, the team tried various ways to 11 the baby to walk towards its family, including using the sound similar to that of its mother to 12 it. Finally, they made it —it was really a(n) 13 . The official took a picture of the baby nestling tightly with its mother and 14 the excellent performance of forest department staff online. And the heroes in this event are praised for their 15 . Under the photo, a sentence “A picture is worth a thousand words.” was written. 1．A．confidently B．alone C．fast D．secretly 2．A．considered B．expected C．experienced D．noticed 3．A．angry B．regretful C．concerned D．awkward 4．A．competition B．research C．rescue D．experiment 5．A．heart-warming B．common C．unlucky D．ground-breaking 6．A．trapped B．raised C．cured D．discovered 7．A．gave in B．stood out C．took action D．signed up 8．A．shy B．professional C．calm D．brave 9．A．ensuring B．proving C．stressing D．mentioning 10．A．explaining B．agreeing C．confirming D．remembering 11．A．follow B．guide C．warn D．choose 12．A．attract B．test C．comfort D．scare 13．A．celebration B．opportunity C．pity D．relief 14．A．compared B．described C．measured D．questioned 15．A．friendship B．identity C．introduction D．contribution ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit5 Into the Wild阅读完形训练 - 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019必修第一册） 一、阅读理解 Passage1. Hundreds of emperor penguin chicks jumped off a 15- meter cliff (悬崖), as high as a five- story building. This scene was captured by drones in January at Atka Bay, Antarctica, and was put out recently in a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins. This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins. According to National Geographic, emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms. Not long after they turn 5 months old, the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves. Normally, they just need to jump from the sea ice, which is less than a meter high. However, he fast- melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation. The Antarctic summer sea ice has decreased sharply since 2016, reported the BBC． in February 2023, the total area of sea ice reached a record low of 1.91 million square kilometers. Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle, it’s the stable platform they use to bring up their young. Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), told the BBC． If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim, they are more likely to drown or freeze to death. For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf, which is firmly attached to the land. Therefore, chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff. “When the chicks get to this cliff face, they’re like... ‘This does not look like a fun jump, but I guess I’m gonna have to go’,” Michelle LaRue, a scientist at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, told National Geographic. “Alarmingly, the decline in the ice has caused thousands of emperor penguin chicks to the in West Antarctica in 2022. The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves, ” said Fretwell. “It’s heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it’s on at the moment,” he added. 1．What does the underlined word “lethal” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Deadly. B．Pleasant. C．Unusual. D．Boring. 2．Why do emperor penguin chicks jump off cliffs? A．They want to travel across the ocean. B．They are trying to escape predators. C．They are celebrating getting their adult feathers. D．They have no other way to enter the water to hunt. 3．What factor is leading to emperor penguins raising their young on ice shelves? A．Declining sea levels. B．The rapid melting of sea ice. C．More available food for the chicks. D．Bigger size of ice shelves. 4．What is the main concern Fretwell expressed- regarding emperor penguins? A．The shorter breeding cycle. B．Their ability to hunt for themselves. C．The potential extinction of the species. D．Their increased dependence on sea ice. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了企鹅幼崽因南极海冰融化被迫从高崖跳海，气候变化加剧，企鹅生存面临严重威胁。。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins. (这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是lethal。)”和最后一段中的“The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves, said Fretwell. It’s heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it’s on at the moment,” he added. (弗雷特韦尔说，海冰的持续减少可能会迫使更多的帝企鹅在冰架上筑巢。他补充说：“如果气候变化继续这样发展下去，整个物种可能会灭绝，想到这一点令人心碎。”)”可知，这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是致命的，lethal意为“致命的”。A. Deadly致命的；B.  Pleasant令人愉快的；C. Unusual不寻常的；D. Boring没趣的，令人厌倦的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“According to National Geographic, emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms. Not long after they turn 5 months old, the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves. Normally, they just need to jump from the sea ice, which is less than a meter high. (据《国家地理》报道，帝企鹅通常在海冰平台上养育它们的幼崽。在他们5个月大后不久，小企鹅们要开始第一次在海里游泳来为自己寻找（猎物），通常情况下，它们只需要从不到一米高的海冰上跳下来。)”和第四段中的“However, he fast- melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation. (然而，南极洲快速融化的冰改变了这种情况。)”可知，小企鹅们跳下悬崖是因为它们没有其他办法进入水中捕猎。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, the fast-melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation. (然而，南极洲快速融化的冰改变了这种情况。)”和第五段“Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle, it’s the stable platform they use to bring up their young. Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), told the BBC. If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim, they are more likely to drown or freeze to death. For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf, which is firmly attached to the land. Therefore, chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff. (帝企鹅的繁殖周期依靠海冰，这是它们养育幼崽的稳定平台。英国南极调查局(BAS)的彼得·弗雷特韦尔告诉BBC。如果冰平台在他们游泳之前融化或破裂，他们更有可能淹死或冻死。出于这个原因，帝企鹅现在选择在冰架上抚养他们的孩子，冰架与陆地紧密相连。因此，小企鹅必须面对跳下悬崖的挑战。)”可知，南极洲快速融化的冰导致帝企鹅在冰架上抚养幼崽。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““It’s heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it’s on at the moment,” he added. (他补充说：“如果气候变化继续这样发展下去，整个物种可能会灭绝，想到这一点令人心碎。”)”可知，Fretwell主要担心的是帝企鹅物种的潜在灭绝。故选C。 Passage2. Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 1．What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A．It is independent of her son’s age. B．A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C．A mother of daughters has the least chance. D．It changes with the social structure of the pod. 2．What can be inferred from the research? A．Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B．Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C．Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D．Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 3．Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A．To increase the pod’s population. B．To compete with other pods. C．To gain support from boys. D．To save food. 4．What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A．It is extremely rare in nature. B．It shows that killer whales have feelings. C．It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D．It slows male killer whales’ development. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虎鲸母子间的依赖关系及其对繁殖的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says.(在某一年里，有儿子的母亲生育另一个孩子的可能性不到无子女女性或有女儿的母亲的一半。引人注目的是，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低他们母亲再生更多孩子的几率，Weiss说)”可知，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低母亲再生育的机会。即母鲸鱼是否有更多孩子与她儿子的年龄无关。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units.(研究人员提出，母亲对儿子的偏爱是因为这些群体特有的社会结构而发展的。当一个女儿生育时，她的孩子会留在她和她母亲所在的同一群体中，因此会与其他成员争夺食物和关注。相比之下，一个儿子不会给群体带来更多的需要供养的人口 —— 他与路过群体中的雌性交配，而后这些雌性会在自己的社会单元中抚养后代)”可知，母鲸鱼对儿子的偏爱是因为儿子在社会结构中更为重要，儿子不会带来更多的竞争者，而女儿的孩子会留在群体中，增加竞争，表明雄性虎鲸在它们的社会结构中扮演着重要的角色。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition.(他的孩子们因此变成了“别人的问题”，Weiss解释道。因此，如果妈妈想要在最少的竞争下获得尽可能多的孙子孙女，她给予儿子更多的精力而不是女儿，这是有道理的)”这表明母亲偏爱儿子的原因之一是为了节约食物，减少群体内的竞争。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom.(但现在，虎鲸仍然是动物王国中父母抚育的一个极端例子)”可知，Weiss认为母子关系在虎鲸群体中是极端的例子，这在自然界中是非常罕见的。故选A。 Passage3. Every day as the sun rises, Ma Hongyi, a 66-year-old farmer, can be seen patrolling (巡逻) Yuncheng Salt Lake with his dog in Yuncheng city, North China’s Shanxi province. Ma still remembers the day when he first saw two big pink birds wandering through the water. “I had never seen such pretty birds. They were even taller than me, with long wings,” Ma recalls. He was later told that the birds were flamingos, a rare sight in China, which were listed on the International Union for Protection of Nature’s red list of endangered species in 2013. From that day on, Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings from interfering with the wildlife. “The birds are attracted by the good environment,” Ma says. “I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year.” Yuncheng Salt Lake covers an area of 132 square kilometers and used to serve as a salt production base. As the country began attaching greater importance to environmental protection, an ecological (生态的) protection and development center was set up in 2012 to carry out regular ecological protection and restoration (修复) of the lake. “The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected,” says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city. The lake area hosts 292 types of wild animals, along with 782 plant varieties, some of which are newly recorded species in the country. After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019. “The lake’s ecology is getting better,” Ma says, adding that he looks forward to the arrival of the flamingos every year. “Some of them are my old friends”, he says. 1．Why does Ma patrol Yuncheng Salt Lake every day? A．To serve as a keeper of the lake. B．To observe the rare flamingos closely. C．To admire the scenery around the lake. D．To come across the flamingos again. 2．What does the underlined phrase “interfering with” in Para 2 probably mean? A．Bringing benefits to. B．Losing control of. C．Sharing space with. D．Causing problems to. 3．What can be inferred about Yuncheng Salt Lake from Para 3? A．It is still used as a salt production base. B．The restoration of it will be carried out soon. C．The protection of its ecology is of great importance. D．It’s home to 292 types of endangered wildlife. 4．Which word can best describe Ma? A．Creative. B．Responsible. C．Generous. D．Humorous. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一个运城盐湖的守卫者和生态保护的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“From that day on, Ma started his second career as a volunteer to prevent human beings from interfering with the wildlife.(从那天起，Ma开始了他的第二职业——防止人类干扰野生动物的志愿者)”可知，他每天巡逻盐湖是为了保护生态，守卫盐湖。故选A项。 2．词句猜测题。根据后文““The birds are attracted by the good environment,” Ma says. “I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year.”(Ma说：“这些鸟被良好的环境所吸引。”“我会尽我最大的努力保护这个湖，这样鸟儿每年都能来这里。”)”可知，Ma为了保护这个湖，让鸟儿每年都能来这里而开始巡逻盐湖，所以是为了阻止人类活动对于野生动物造成不好的影响，推知interfering with意为“干扰”和D项意思相近。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段““The greatest value of the Salt Lake lies in its ecology, which should be properly restored and protected,” says Chu Xianghao, mayor of the city.(“盐湖最大的价值在于它的生态，应该得到适当的恢复和保护，”该市市长Chu Xianghao说)”可知，盐湖的最重要价值在于它的生态，需要正确地恢复和保护。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段““The birds are attracted by the good environment,” Ma says. “I will do my best to protect the lake so that birds can come here every year.”(Ma说：“这些鸟被良好的环境所吸引。”“我会尽我最大的努力保护这个湖，这样鸟儿每年都能来这里。”)”以及最后一段“After patrolling the lake as volunteer for over four years, Ma was employed by the local government to help with wildlife protection in 2019.(作为志愿者在湖上巡逻了四年多后，Ma于2019年被当地政府雇用，帮助保护野生动物)”可知，Ma Hongyi尽全力保护环境和生态，并且坚持了四年，是个很有责任心的人。故选B项。 Passage4. Visit the sandy beaches in California, and probably your would- be sun bathing spot is already occupied by a sea lion. There are as many as 300,000 of these marine mammals in America but their population hasn’t always been so large. Hunting and pollution throughout the years accounted for fewer than 90,000 animals by 1975. The Marine Mammal Protection Act, passed in 1972, contributes to the recovery. But now the sea lions are once again brushing up against the natural carrying capacity (容量), and scientists are starting to see some wacky changes. Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size. He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions. Analyzing the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (同位素) in the animals’ bones revealed their diets and habitats, partially explaining the sex- specific trend in body size. Females have a wider variety of dietary preferences than the males, meaning that less competition possibly exists among female sea lions to drive changes in their body size. However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said. “During their breeding season, males gather at sites occupied by females and engage in aggressive male- male fights for territorial (领土的) control, and bigger ones physically gain an advantage,” she said. As the population of sea lions grew, these fights likely broke out more and more often, and the larger winners got to pass on their genes to the next generation. Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable. The mammals’ diets have historically fed on sardines and anchovies, both of which are threatened by warmer oceans. Now it will take more than the Marine Mammal Protection Act to preserve these animals. 1．What does the word “wacky” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Ordinary. B．Predictable. C．Unusual. D．Pleasant. 2．Which of the following does Valenzuela Toro agree with? A．Analyzing sea lions’ diets is of little value. B．The number of sea lions should be limited. C．Female sea lions are more and more aggressive. D．Fierce competition has led to bigger male sea lions. 3．How does Valenzuela Toro feel about the future of bigger male sea lions? A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Hopeless. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To explain a natural phenomenon. B．To call for protection for sea lions. C．To recommend a travel destination. D．To show some challenges sea lions face. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是海狮种群数量的恢复与增长所带来的新挑战，特别是雄性海狮体型增大而雌性保持不变的性别特异性趋势，以及这种趋势背后的资源竞争和繁殖策略。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size.(加州大学的生态学家Ana Valenzuela Toro就有这样一个发现：随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变。)”可知，随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变这种现象是不寻常的，划线词wacky的意思是“不寻常的”，和unusual意思相近。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“However, male sea lions not only struggle for food but must compete to mate with a limited number of females, also causing the males to grow, Valenzuela Toro said.(然而，Valenzuela Toro说，雄性海狮不仅要为食物而战，还必须与数量有限的雌性海狮竞争交配，这也导致了雄性海狮的成长。)”可知，Valenzuela Toro可能同意的是激烈的竞争导致雄性海狮体型更大。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable.(虽然到目前为止，更大的体型似乎有助于海狮的数量，但Valenzuela Toro强调，气候变化可能会使这一趋势不稳定。)”可知，Valenzuela Toro对体型较大的雄性海狮的未来感到担心。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Ana Valenzuela Toro, an ecologist from the University of California, has one such discovery: As population size has grown, the males seem to be growing larger, while the females have remained the same size.(加州大学的生态学家Ana Valenzuela Toro就有这样一个发现：随着种群规模的增长，雄性似乎越来越大，而雌性却保持不变。)”，第三段“He also finds with marine mammal population increasing, competition for resources with other individuals and species will grow, the pressures from which have lead to smaller, not bigger animals, due to harbor seals and other species of sea lions.(他还发现，随着海洋哺乳动物数量的增加，与其他个体和物种之间对资源的竞争将会加剧，由于斑海豹和其他种类的海狮，这种压力导致动物体型变小，而不是变大。)”和最后一段“Though bigger body size seemingly helps the sea lion population so far, Valenzuela Toro stressed that climate change potentially makes the trend unstable.(虽然到目前为止，更大的体型似乎有助于海狮的数量，但巴伦苏埃拉·托罗强调，气候变化可能会使这一趋势不稳定。)”可知，本文主要讲的是海狮种群数量的恢复与增长所带来的新挑战，特别是雄性海狮体型增大而雌性保持不变的性别特异性趋势，以及这种趋势背后的资源竞争和繁殖策略，因此本文的目的是展示海狮面临的一些挑战。故选D。 Passage5. Why you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour (吞食) all our crops and kill our cattle, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beast who eat insects, but all of them put together kill only a very small amount of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in the work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a research on spiders and found that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all human beings in the country. 1．Spiders should be our friends, because ________. A．they only eat harmful insects B．they are great insect-eating animals C．they destroy insects without hurting us in any way D．they include some of the greatest enemies of the human race 2．One authority on spiders estimated ________. A．that there were more than 2,250,000 insects in a grass field in the south of England B．that every football field in England had 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds C．the number of different spiders in England was very big D．that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders is more than the weight of human. 3．What does the underlined word “content” mean in the article? It means ________. A．fed B．discouraged C．disappointed D．satisfied 4．Spiders are active in killing insects ________. A．all the year B．for most of the year. C．in the summer month. D．for more than six months of each year. 5．Which one of the following statements is the main idea? A．Spiders, the greatest insects-eating animals, protect us from being destroyed by harmful insects and they should be our friends. B．Spiders are not insects but in fact animals. C．There are great numbers of spiders engaged in destroying harmful insects on behalf of the human race. D．Birds and beasts can’t compare with spiders as destroyers of insects. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜘蛛应该是我们的朋友，因为它们消灭昆虫而不伤害我们，介绍了蜘蛛的一些习性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Why you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. (你可能会想，蜘蛛应该是我们的朋友吗？因为它们消灭了很多昆虫，包括一些人类最大的敌人)”以及“Moreover, unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.(此外，与一些食虫动物不同，蜘蛛对我们或我们的财物不会造成丝毫伤害)”可知，蜘蛛应该是我们的朋友，因为它们消灭昆虫而不伤害我们。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“One authority on spiders made a research on spiders and found that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football field.(一位研究蜘蛛的权威对蜘蛛进行了研究，发现每英亩有225万只蜘蛛;这相当于600万只不同种类的蜘蛛聚集在一个足球场上)”可知，一位研究蜘蛛的权威估计，英国不同种类的蜘蛛数量非常多。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“they are hungry creatures, not(他们是饥饿的生物，不……)”以及后文“with only three meals a day(只有一日三餐)”以及“It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by the spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all human beings in the country.(据估计，在英国蜘蛛一年所消灭的昆虫的重量比这个国家所有人的总重量还要重)”可知，蜘蛛一年所消灭的昆虫的重量比这个国家所有人的总重量还要重，说明他们是饥饿的生物，不满足于只有一日三餐。故划线词意思是“满足的”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.(蜘蛛至少有半年的时间都在忙着捕杀昆虫)”可知，蜘蛛每年有6个月以上的时间活跃于捕杀昆虫。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, including some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour (吞食) all our crops and kill our cattle, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.(你可能会想，蜘蛛应该是我们的朋友吗？因为它们消灭了很多昆虫，包括一些人类最大的敌人。昆虫会使我们无法在这个世界上生存；如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，它们就会吞噬我们所有的庄稼，杀死我们的牲畜)”结合文章主要介绍了蜘蛛应该是我们的朋友，因为它们消灭昆虫而不伤害我们，介绍了蜘蛛的一些习性。可知，文章主旨是蜘蛛是最大的食虫动物，它保护我们不受害虫的伤害，它们应该是我们的朋友。故选A。 Passage6. The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming. Birds are often considered sentinel (哨兵) species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem—so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America’s bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course. For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings. Because of the study’s long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological (形态学的) effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size. 1．Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds? A．They have small body sizes. B．They are sensitive to hot weather. C．They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D．They are ecological balance indicators. 2．What can we learn from the new study? A．A third of species have been extinct for a decade. B．36 species lost 2% of their body weight every year. C．Two- thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight. D．About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings. 3．What does the underlined word “dissipate” in the last paragraph mean? A．Take on. B．Give off. C．Put up. D．Lead to. 4．What would probably the researchers further study? A．Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool. B．What effects the wing length changes have on birds. C．Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight. D．Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Birds are often considered sentinel (哨兵) species—meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem—so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. (鸟类通常被认为是哨兵物种，这意味着它们表明了生态系统的整体健康状况，因此科学家们对它们如何应对气候变化特别感兴趣。)”可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟是因为鸟是生态平衡的暗示者。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. (在这项新研究中，研究人员收集了迄今为止最大的亚马逊留鸟数据集，代表了77种非候鸟，从1979年到2019年持续了40年。)”以及“Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings. (同时，所有物种的平均体重都有所下降，而三分之一的物种的翅膀变长了。)”可知，大约26种鸟类长着较长的翅膀应对气候变化。互选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. (然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽。)”以及画线单词前“In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size (一般来说，较小的动物有较大的表面积与身体大小的比率)”可知，较小动物的表面积相对于整体而言较大，因此容易散发热量，所以画线单词的意思为“散发”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. (然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽。)”可知，研究者将进一步研究鸟的翅膀长度对鸟有什么影响。故选B。 二、完形填空 Passage1. My dog Murphy wasn’t the easiest dog. He was clingy (粘人的). He would sit on my legs and 1 to let me stand up. I 2 him very much. After Murphy’s 3 , I felt an emptiness in my heart. My friends 4 me to get another dog, but I couldn’t 5 the thought of it. Loving and losing a dog hurt too much. However, two years later, I made the 6 to keep Wilfred as my new pet. I visited Wilfred’s original 7 and saw Wilfred sitting quietly in a corner. “Come here,” the owner said. “He’s very 8 , so it may take a while for him to 9 .” The second I sat down, Wilfred jumped onto my legs. “He’s 10 done that,” the owner said. “I think he just 11 you.” Over the next six 12 , we had a good time. My sadness at 13 Murphy finally began to go away. Sadly, Wilfred died of a serious illness half a year later. We were brought together because we 14 each other. Wilfred filled the emptiness in my heart, and I helped him by giving him a home in his 15 days, a home where he was loved. 1．A．fail B．try C．refuse D．forget 2．A．thanked B．doubted C．alarmed D．loved 3．A．illness B．death C．move D．dinner 4．A．encouraged B．forced C．allowed D．challenged 5．A．share B．stop C．bear D．express 6．A．decision B．suggestion C．excuse D．order 7．A．partner B．owner C．buyer D．helper 8．A．outgoing B．serious C．friendly D．shy 9．A．get up B．catch up C．warm up D．give up 10．A．often B．never C．already D．also 11．A．chose B．touched C．noticed D．met 12．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years 13．A．hurting B．punishing C．catching D．losing 14．A．knew B．needed C．trained D．missed 15．A．dark B．happy C．early D．final 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与两只宠物狗之间的深厚情感，以及它们对作者生活的影响。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会坐在我的腿上，拒绝让我站起来。A. fail失败；B. try尝试；C. refuse拒绝；D. forget忘记。根据上文“He was clingy (粘人的).”和“would sit on my legs”可推知，Murphy很粘人，想坐在作者的腿上，因此会拒绝作者站起来。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常爱它。A. thanked感谢；B. doubted怀疑；C. alarmed警告；D. loved爱。根据下文“I felt an emptiness in my heart.”和“Loving and losing a dog hurt too much.”可知，Murphy的死给作者带来痛苦，说明作者很爱它的狗。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Murphy死后，我感到心里空落落的。A. illness疾病；B. death死亡；C. move移动；D. dinner晚餐。根据下文“Loving and losing a dog hurt too much.”可知，作者失去了Murphy，因此此处表示它死了。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友鼓励我再养一只狗，但我无法忍受这个想法。A. encouraged鼓励；B. forced强迫；C. allowed允许；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“Loving and losing a dog hurt too much”可推知，作者因Murphy的离世而痛苦，自己本不愿再养狗，再经历同样的情况，所以朋友是在鼓励作者再养一只狗。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友鼓励我再养一只狗，但我无法忍受这个想法。A. share分享；B. stop停止；C. bear忍受；D. express表达。根据下文“Loving and losing a dog hurt too much.”可知，作者因Murphy的离世而感到痛苦，所以无法忍受再养一只狗的想法。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，两年后，我决定把Wilfred作为我的新宠物。A. decision决定；B. suggestion建议；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。根据上文可知，作者本不愿再养狗，结合句中“However”和“keep Wilfred as my new pet”可知，作者最后改变了主意，决定领养Wilfred。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拜访了Wilfred原来的主人，看到Wilfred静静地坐在角落里。A. partner伙伴；B. owner主人；C. buyer买主；D. helper帮手。根据上文“visited Wilfred’s original”和下文““Come here,” the owner said.”可知，作者拜访了Wilfred原来的主人。故选B项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“过来，”主人说，“它很害羞，所以可能需要一段时间才能活跃起来。”A. outgoing外向的；B. serious严肃的；C. friendly友好的；D. shy害羞的。根据上文“Wilfred sitting quietly in a corner.”和下文“so it may take a while for him to”可知，Wilfred很害羞。故选D项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“过来，”主人说，“它很害羞，所以可能需要一段时间才能活跃起来。”A. get up起床；B. catch up赶上；C. warm up活跃起来，兴奋起来；D. give up放弃。根据上文“Wilfred sitting quietly in a corner.”和“take a while”可知，Wilfred很害羞，因此需要一段时间才能活跃起来。故选C项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“它从来没有这样做过，”主人说，“我想它只是选择了你。”A. often经常；B. never从不；C. already已经；D. also也。根据上文“so it may take a while for him to...”和“The second I sat down, Wilfred jumped onto my legs.”可知，Wilfred本来很害羞，需要一段时间才能活跃起来，但它却非常喜欢作者，以前从来没有这样做过。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他从来没有这样做过，”主人说，“我想他只是选择了你。”A. chose选择；B. touched触摸；C. noticed注意到；D. met遇见。根据上文“The second I sat down, Wilfred jumped onto my legs.”可知，Wilfred选择了作者。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的六个月里，我们过得很愉快。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据下文“Wilfred died of a serious illness half a year later.”可知，这里指在接下来的六个月里。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我失去Murphy的悲伤终于开始消失了。A. hurting伤害；B. punishing惩罚；C. catching抓住；D. losing失去。根据前文可知作者之前的狗Murphy离世了，结合上文“we had a good time”可推知，Wilfred带给作者快乐，让作者失去Murphy的悲伤消失了。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们聚在一起是因为我们需要彼此。A. knew知道；B. needed需要；C. trained训练；D. missed错过。根据下文“Wilfred filled the emptiness in my heart, and I helped him by giving him a home”可知，作者和Wilfred需要彼此。故选B项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我帮助了他，在他最后的日子里给了他一个家，一个充满爱的家。A. dark黑暗的；B. happy快乐的；C. early早的；D. final最后的。根据上文“Wilfred died of a serious illness half a year later.”可知，这里指Wilfred最后的日子。故选D项。 Passage2. Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 . He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had decreased sharply as well. He 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect the cold-blooded animals from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below. Molai 15 on planting trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 1．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 2．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 3．A．comic B．normal C．disturbing D．familiar 4．A．profit B．tension C．benefit D．harm 5．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 6．A．proposed B．realized C．memorized D．published 7．A．noise B．heat C．resident D．root 8．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 9．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 10．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 11．A．Burning B．Appreciating C．Watering D．Transporting 12．A．demanding B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 13．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 14．A．expose B．track C．purify D．collect 15．A．returned B．relied C．reflected D．insisted 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公Molai生长在一个小村子，他懂得自然的美丽。因此，当洪水给这个地区带来损害时，在别无他法的情况下，他坚持了三十几年，种植了大量的树，使这个地区成为许多动植物的栖息地。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个村庄靠近一片湿地，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据上文“Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second”可知，Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大，这个村子位于一些湿地附近，由此可推知，湿地成为他的第二个家。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从小就在那里了解到了自然之美及其价值。A. nature自然；B. youth青春；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“The village lay near some wetlands which became his second ___1___ He learned the value and beauty of”可知，湿地成为他的第二个家，他很小的时候就懂得了大自然的价值和美丽。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他16岁时，Molai开始注意到他家周围发生了一些令人不安的变化。A. comic喜剧的；B. normal正常的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文的“A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ___4___ it caused had driven away a number of birds.”可知，洪水和动物数量减少，这是“令人不安的”变化。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了该地区，造成的破坏驱走了许多鸟类。A. profit利润；B. tension紧张；C. benefit益处；D. harm伤害。根据上文的“A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the”和下文的“it caused”可知，洪水应是造成了“伤害”。故选D。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，蛇的数量也急剧减少。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文的“the number of snakes had decreased sharply as well”可知，此处蛇的数量减少是额外的信息，用Besides。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护这些冷血动物免受高温的影响。A. proposed提议；B. realized意识到；C. memorized记忆；D. published出版。根据下文的“that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect the cold-blooded animals from the ___7___.”可知，这是Molai观察后的“意识”到的情况。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. resident居民；D. root根。根据上文的“there weren’t enough trees to protect the cold-blooded animals from the”和常识可知，冷血动物需要避免的是高温。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：解决办法当然是种植树木，这样动物就可以在白天寻找遮蔽处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽处。根据上文的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek”可知，动物需要树木作为“遮蔽处”。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向林业部门求助，但被告知那里什么也长不出来。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance金融。根据下文的“department for help but was told that nothing would grow there”可知，Molai知道解决办法是种树，自然求助于“林业”部门。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Molai独自去寻找，并在附近的一个岛上发现了开始植树的地方。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed管理。根据下文的“a nearby island where he began to plant trees”可知，Molai“发现”了一个适合植树的地方。故选B。 11．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：旱季给幼苗浇水对于一个孤单的男孩来说是非常费力的。A. Burning燃烧；B. Appreciating欣赏；C. Watering浇水；D. Transporting运输。根据下文的“young plants in the dry season”可知，Molai需要旱季给植物“浇水”。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. demanding要求高的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文的“11 young plants in the dry season was”和下文的“for a lone boy”可知，旱季浇水工作量大，对一个男孩来说是“要求高”的。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Molai在每棵幼树的顶端搭建了一个竹制平台，在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back后面；B. top顶部；C. foot脚；D. side侧面。根据下文的“of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes”可知，平台应置于幼树“顶部”。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expose暴露；B. track追踪；C. purify净化；D. collect收集。根据下文的“The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below”可知，陶罐带孔是为了“收集”雨水。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Molai坚持植树37年。A. returned返回；B. relied依赖；C. reflected反映；D. insisted坚持。根据下文的“on planting trees for the next 37 years”可知，Molai“坚持”植树多年。故选D。 Passage3. Miller’s black shirt is his favorite. He’s had it for eight years, but he never thought it would one day come in handy when saving a life. One Saturday, Miller was on his way home on his motorcycle when the traffic 1 in front of him. Miller stopped and was 2 to know what was causing the traffic jam. “I went to see why everyone was stopping and found a bald eagle in the middle of the road,” Miller said. “Another person was there and he gave the bird a 3 to see if she would walk or fly away. She spread her 4 but was unable to go anywhere.” The bird was too badly hurt to 5 . As an animal lover, Miller knew he had to help the bird that was 6 . So he took off his favorite shirt and threw it over the eagle. To his 7 , the eagle remained calm as he 8 her in the shirt. Once Miller had moved the eagle out of the 9 , he called 911 and eventually got in touch with a local recovery center for 10 birds. Miller held the 15-pound bird for about 45 minutes while 11 rescue staff to arrive. But the time seemed to pass quickly. “I wasn’t really thinking about it when I was 12 her,” Miller said. “I was just trying to keep her calm and make sure she knows she’s 13 , and I wasn’t going to drop her.” After a few days’ 14 , the rescuers are confident that the bald eagle will finally be able to return into the wild. As for Miller’s favorite shirt, it has some blood on it, but Miller knows it was used for a good cause—and he will surely be 15 it again. 1．A．signaled B．passed C．slowed D．reduced 2．A．scared B．shocked C．upset D．excited 3．A．hit B．glance C．smile D．push 4．A．toes B．tails C．wings D．neck 5．A．fly B．eat C．fight D．scream 6．A．cute B．injured C．shy D．endangered 7．A．credit B．annoyance C．surprise D．relief 8．A．saved B．wrapped C．buried D．hid 9．A．road B．motorcycle C．car D．shirt 10．A．young B．wild C．rare D．strong 11．A．cheering up B．calling up C．seeing to D．waiting for 12．A．holding B．facing C．checking D．catching 13．A．clever B．fierce C．weak D．secure 14．A．judgement B．suffering C．treatment D．protection 15．A．wearing B．throwing C．polluting D．washing 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是Miller用他的黑衬衫救助了一只受伤的秃鹰的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期六，Miller骑着摩托车在回家的路上，突然他前面的交通慢了下来。A. signaled发信号；B. passed经过；C. slowed（使）减速；D. reduced减少。根据下文“Miller stopped”和“everyone was stopping”可知，Miller前面的交通慢了下来，所以他才停了下来。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Miller停了下来，惊讶地发现是什么导致了交通堵塞。A. scared害怕的；B. shocked惊讶的；C. upset不安的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“found a bald eagle in the middle of the road”可知，路上有一只秃鹰，他感到惊讶。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个人在那里，他推了鸟儿一下，看它是走还是飞。A. hit打；B. glance一瞥；C. smile微笑；D. push推。根据下文“to see if she would walk or fly away”可知，他推了一下那只鸟。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她展开翅膀，但哪儿也去不了。A. toes脚趾；B. tails尾巴；C. wings翅膀；D. neck脖子。根据上文“spread her”可知，那只鸟是展开翅膀。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那只鸟伤得太重，飞不起来了。A. fly飞；B. eat吃；C. fight打架；D. scream尖叫。根据上文“unable to go anywhere”和“too badly hurt”可知，那只鸟伤得太重，飞不起来了。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个动物爱好者，Miller知道他必须帮助这只受伤的鸟。A. cute可爱的；B. injured受伤的；C. shy害羞的；D. endangered濒危的。根据上文“too badly hurt”可知，那只鸟受伤很严重。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，当他把鹰裹在衬衫里时，它保持了冷静。A. credit学分；B. annoyance烦恼；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief宽慰，轻松。根据上文“he took off his favorite shirt and threw it over the eagle”和下文“the eagle remained calm”可知，当他把鹰裹在衬衫里时，它保持了冷静，这让他惊讶。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令他惊讶的是，当他把鹰裹在衬衫里时，它保持了冷静。A. saved救；B. wrapped包，裹；C. buried埋；D. hid躲藏。根据下文“her in the shirt”可知，他是用衬衫来包裹住那只鸟。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Miller把老鹰从路上移开后，立即拨打了911，并最终与当地的野生鸟类康复中心取得了联系。A. road马路；B. motorcycle摩托车；C. car汽车；D. shirt衬衣。根据第二段“a bald eagle in the middle of the road”和上文“moved the eagle out of the”可知，原本秃鹰是在路中间，所以他把秃鹰从路上移开。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Miller把老鹰从路上移开后，立即拨打了911，并最终与当地的野生鸟类康复中心取得了联系。A. young年轻的；B. wild野生的；C. rare稀有的；D. strong强大的。根据下文“the rescuers are confident that the bald eagle will finally be able to return into the wild”和常识可知，秃鹰是野生动物，所以他是与当地的野生鸟类康复中心取得了联系。故选B。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Miller抱着这只15磅重的鸟等了大约45分钟，等待救援人员的到来。A. cheering up使高兴起来；B. calling up打电话；C. seeing to照料，负责；D. waiting for等待。根据下文“rescue staff to arrive”可知，他是等待救援人员的到来。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抱着她的时候，我并没有想过这个问题。A. holding抱着；B. facing面对；C. checking检查；D. catching抓住。根据上文“Miller held the 15-pound bird”可知，他是抱着那只秃鹰。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让她冷静下来让她知道自己很安全，我不会丢下她的。A. clever聪明的；B. fierce凶猛的；C. weak虚弱的；D. secure安全的。根据下文“I wasn’t going to drop her”可知，作者不会丢下那只秃鹰，所以她是安全的。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几天的治疗，救援人员相信这只秃鹰最终能够回归野外。A. judgement判断；B. suffering痛苦；C. treatment治疗；D. protection保护。根据第5空前“The bird was too badly hurt”和下文“the rescuers are confident that the bald eagle will finally be able to return into the wild”可知，那只秃鹰伤得很重，在经过治疗后，救援人员相信这只秃鹰最终能够回归野外。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于Miller最喜欢的那件衬衫，上面有血迹，但Miller知道这件衬衫是用来做善事的——他肯定会再穿这件衬衫的。A. wearing穿；B. throwing扔；C. polluting污染；D. washing洗。根据上文“As for Miller’s favorite shirt”可知，虽然那件衬衫上有血迹，但是米勒还会再穿那件衬衫。故选A。 Passage4. A lost baby elephant has been united again with its mother with the help of the Forest Department. The story happened when the baby elephant was discovered walking 1 , anxiously looking for its mother in the huge wild areas of the Tiger Reserve at Pollachi. An official 2 the situation when he was checking the monitor (监控) and it immediately made him 3 . As a matter of fact, it was he who shared the inspiring process of the 4 online later, along with a moving photo showing the exciting get-together. “The year ended with a(n) 5 event for us,” the official wrote on his post. “After a lost baby elephant was saved in the Tiger Reserve, our foresters united it with its mother and the herd (象群).” After hours of searching, the baby elephant was 6 by a team full of love and determination and they immediately 7 . Using advanced technology such as drones (无人机) and the knowledge of 8 forest watchers, the Forest Department successfully found the herd, 9 the safety of the baby elephant. After 10 that the youngster’s family had walked 2.5 miles from the baby, the team tried various ways to 11 the baby to walk towards its family, including using the sound similar to that of its mother to 12 it. Finally, they made it —it was really a(n) 13 . The official took a picture of the baby nestling tightly with its mother and 14 the excellent performance of forest department staff online. And the heroes in this event are praised for their 15 . Under the photo, a sentence “A picture is worth a thousand words.” was written. 1．A．confidently B．alone C．fast D．secretly 2．A．considered B．expected C．experienced D．noticed 3．A．angry B．regretful C．concerned D．awkward 4．A．competition B．research C．rescue D．experiment 5．A．heart-warming B．common C．unlucky D．ground-breaking 6．A．trapped B．raised C．cured D．discovered 7．A．gave in B．stood out C．took action D．signed up 8．A．shy B．professional C．calm D．brave 9．A．ensuring B．proving C．stressing D．mentioning 10．A．explaining B．agreeing C．confirming D．remembering 11．A．follow B．guide C．warn D．choose 12．A．attract B．test C．comfort D．scare 13．A．celebration B．opportunity C．pity D．relief 14．A．compared B．described C．measured D．questioned 15．A．friendship B．identity C．introduction D．contribution 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小象在森林部门的帮助下再次与母亲及象群团聚的故事。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：故事发生在发现小象独自行走时，在波拉奇老虎保护区的巨大荒野中焦急地寻找它的母亲。A. confidently自信地；B. alone独自；C. fast很快；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“A lost baby elephant has been united again with its mother with the help of the Forest Department. (在森林部门的帮助下，一头迷路的小象再次与它的母亲团聚)”可知，小象是独自行走，在寻找它的母亲，故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名官员在检查监视器时注意到了这种情况，这立即引起了他的关注。A. considered考虑；B. expected预期；C. experienced经历；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“when he was checking the monitor(监控)”可知，一位官员在看监控时注意到了这只走丢的小象，故选D项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一名官员在检查监视器时注意到了这种情况，这立即引起了他的担忧。A. angry生气的；B. regretful后悔的；C. concerned担忧的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“walking 　　1　　, anxiously looking for its mother in the huge wild areas”可知，一只小象在巨大荒野中焦急地寻找它的母亲，使得这名发现这一情况的官员非常担忧，故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，是他后来在网上分享了鼓舞人心的救援过程，并附上了一张展示激动人心的聚会的动人照片。A. competition竞争；B. research研究；C. rescue救援；D. experiment实验。根据“shared the inspiring process of the 　　4　　 online”可知，他是在网上分享了救援过程，故选C项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一年以暖人心扉的事件结束。A. heart-warming暖人心扉的；B. common普通的；C. unlucky倒霉的；D. ground-breaking开创性的。根据下文“our foresters united it with its mother and the herd (象群).”可知，这是一件暖人心扉的事件，故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个小时的搜索，这头小象被一个充满爱和决心的团队发现，他们立即采取行动。A. trapped设陷阱（或夹子、捕捉器）捕捉；B. raised抚养；C. cured治愈；D. discovered发现。根据“After hours of searching, the baby elephant was 　　6　　 by a team full of love and determination”可知，小象是由一个充满爱和决心的团队发现的，故选D项。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几个小时的搜索，这头小象被一个充满爱和决心的团队发现，他们立即采取行动。A. gave in屈服；B. stood out脱颖而出；C. took action采取行动；D. signed up报名。根据上文“After hours of searching, the baby elephant was 　　6　　 by a team full of love and determination and they immediately”可知，他们一发现小象就立刻采取了行动，故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：利用无人机等先进技术和专业森林观察员的知识，林业部门成功找到了象群，确保了小象的安全。A. shy害羞的；B. professional专业的；C. calm平静的；D. brave勇敢的。根据“Using advanced technology such as drones (无人机) and the knowledge of 　　8　　 forest watchers”可知，他们利用了先进的无人机技术和专业的森林观察员知识，故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用无人机等先进技术和专业森林观察员的知识，林业部门成功找到了象群，确保了小象的安全。A. ensuring确保；B. proving证明；C. stressing强调；D. mentioning提及。根据上文“the Forest Department successfully found the herd”可知，象群被找到了，确保了小象的安全，故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在确定孩子的家人已经走了2.5英里后，研究小组尝试了各种方法来引导小象向家人走去，包括使用类似于母亲的声音来吸引它。A. explaining解释；B. agreeing同意；C. confirming确认；D. remembering回忆。根据下文“that the youngster’s family had walked 2.5 miles from the baby,”可知，研究人员已确认小象与象群相聚2.5英里，故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在确定孩子的家人已经走了2.5英里后，研究小组尝试了各种方法来引导小象向家人走去，包括使用类似于母亲的声音来吸引它。A. follow遵循；B. guide引导；C. warn警告；D. choose选择。根据“the team tried various ways to 　　11　　 the baby to walk towards its family,”可知，团队是用了各种方法去引导小象走向家人，故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在确定孩子的家人已经走了2.5英里后，研究小组尝试了各种方法来引导小象向家人走去，包括使用类似于母亲的声音来吸引它。A. attract吸引；B. test测试；C. comfort安慰；D. scare吓唬。根据上文“including using the sound similar to that of its mother to”可知，用类似于母亲的声音是为了吸引它，故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们成功了——真的是如释重负。A. celebration庆祝；B. opportunity机会；C. pity怜悯；D. relief如释重负。根据上文“Finally, they made it”可知，救援队成功让小象找到了母亲，使他们如释重负，故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位官员拍下了小象与母亲紧紧依偎的照片，并在网上描述了林业部门工作人员的出色表现。A. compared比较；B. described描述；C. measured测量；D. questioned质疑。根据下文“the excellent performance of forest department staff online.”及“Under the photo, a sentence “A picture is worth a thousand words.” was written.”可知，这位官员在网上描述了工作人员的出色表现，故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而这次事件中的英雄们，也因贡献而受到称赞。A. friendship友谊；B. identity身份；C. introduction简介；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“Finally, they made it”及“And the heroes in this event are praised for their”可知，救援队帮助小象找到了母亲和象群，因为他们所做的贡献而受到称赞，故选D项。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$